Newspaper Page Text
BB MBBJ
Tin: lyTJEK-aiouyTAtx Farmer: AXiKAyciiaLvy, Tukshay aiomsLNO, Vkhkuahv 11. 1002. n H
THE IRRIGATION BILL
Full Text of the Proposed Measure for Government Rec
lamation of Arid Lands.
In the United States Senate nn Janu
ary 21, TO, Senator Hansbouglt of
North Dakota, Introduced the Irrigation
bill (S S057) n greed upon by the mem
bers of Congress from the Mountain',
the Coast and the Plain. It was rend
twice and referred to the Committee on
rubllr Lands. On January 28th, It was
reported back foi" passago without
amendment It Is, In full, ns follows:
Appre.prlnllng tho receipts from tho sile
and disposal of public lands In certain
States and Territories to the construction
of Irrigation works for the reclamation of
arid lands
He It enacted by tho Senate and House
of I'cpreselltallves of the United States
of America, In Congress assembled, That
atl moneys received from tho sale and
disposal ot publlo lands 111 Arizona, Cull
fertda Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Mon
una, Nebraska Nevada, fcew Mexico
North Dakota, OKI ihoma, Oregon, South
Dikota t tah. Washington and W)onitmr,
t (ginning with the llscal jear ending
Juno 30, 1901, Including tho surplus of fees
and commissions In excess of allowances
In rtcglstels and Itecelvers, and excepting
the B per centum of tho proceeds of the
sales of publlo lands In tho above states
ret aside bv law for educational and oth
er purposes, sh ill be, and tho saino aro
herein, reserved set nslde and appro
priated as a special fund In the treasury
io he known as the ' reclam itlon fund,"
in bo used In th cxnniln itlon and survey
for and tho construction and maintenance
of Irrigation works for the storage, dp -Moil
and development of waters for
reclamation of arid nn I scml-nrld land, In
the said States and Territories, and for
the pisment of all other expenditures pro
Mdcd for In this nit Provided, thit in
raso the receipts from tho sate and dis
posal of public l inds ,.ihe-r than those re
alised from the sale and disposal of l inds
referred to In -tilts section aro Insufllclent
to meet the requirements for the support
of agrlculrural colleges In tho Severn!
States and Territories, tinder the act of
August 2a, 119 entitled. An act to apply
a ronton of tho proceeds of the public
lands to the more complete endowment
and supprri of tho colleges for tho beuei't
of agriculture and tho mechanic arts, es
tablished undtr the provisions of nn net
of Congress up) roved luly 2, 18C2." tho de
tlckn If inv. In the sum necessary for
the support of tho raid colleges shall ba
irovldcd for from any mones In tho
iieasnry not otherwise appropriated.
TO 8Cl.Vi:y AND CONSTHUCT.
See. 2 That the Secretary of tho In
terior Is hereby authorized and directed
to mike examinations and surveys for,
end to locato and lonstruct, as herein
provided Irrigation woiks for the storage,
nlier-don and elcrwlonmcnt of waters, in
rlurilrg artesian wells, and to report to
Congress at tho b ginning of each regu
lar sesulon us to the results ot such ex-nmln-iilons
and surveve, giving estimates
ot cost of all contemplated works, the
quantity and locution of the lands which
can be Irrlgited therefrom, and nil facts
relitlve to the practicability of each Irri
gation project: also the cost of worka In
I torrss of construction as well as of those
which havo bem completed.
wiTimuAW rnoM untiiy.
Pee 3 That tho Sccretnry of the In
terior mav, in his discretion, withdraw
from publlo entry the lands required tor
any Irrigation works contemplated under
the provisions ot this net, ami shall re
store to publlo entry nny of the lands so
wllhdnwn, when. In his judgment, such
landa aro not required for tho purposes of
iris nut that public lands which It Is pro.
josed to Irrigate by means of any contcm
1 tiled works shall ho subject to entry
onlv under tho provisions of the home
stead liws In tracts of not less than forty
nor morn than ono hundred nnd sixty
s ies nnd shall b subject to the limita
tions charges, terms, and conditions hero
in nrnvl led Provided that the commu
tation provisions of the homestead laws
shall not apply to entries mado under this
MAY I.r.T CONTll VCTS
Sec 4 That upon the determination by
the Hi creiarv of iho Interior that any Irrf.
gallon project la practicable, he may cause
to ho let contracts for tho construction or
tho same In whole or in part, providing
the necessary funda therefor are availa
ble In the redamition fund, and thereupon
he shall give publlo nollco of the lands ir
rigable un lor such project., and limit of
area per entrv, which limit shill repre
sent the acreage which. In tho opinion of
the Secretary, m ly be reasonably required
for the support of a family upon tho lands
In question, also of the charges which
shall be made per ncro upon the said en
tries and upon lands in prlvnte ownership
which may bo lrrlgat.il bj the waters ot
the snld Irrigation project, and the number
of annunl Installments, not exceeding ten,
in which such iharges shall be paid and
the time when such payments shall com
mence The said charges shall bo deter
mined with a view of returning to the rc
rUmitlnn fund the estimated cost of ion.
Mructlon ot tho project, and shall bo ap
lortloned according to benefits Provided,
that In nil mnstructlon work eight hours
shall constitute r day's work, and no
Asiatic libor shall be emplovtd thereon.
HOW TO L'NTHfl LAND.
Sec R That tho entryman upon lands
to bo Irrigated by such works shall, In nd
dlllon to compliance wllh tho homestead
laws, reclaim such lands for agricultural
purpose,, i, nd before receiving patent for
the lands covered bv his entry shall pay
to the (lovernment the charges appor
tioned against such tract, na provided In
section four. No right to the use of water
for land In private ownership shall bo sold
for a tract exceeding ifio acres to any ono
landowner, nnd no such right shall perma
nently attach until all paiments therefor
are made Tho annual Installments shall
i puld to tho receiver of the local land
oftlca of the district In which the land la
minted, and a fallurn to make any two
pavmentn when due shall wmk a cancella
tion of the homestead entry nnd a forfeit
ure of all rights under this act All
moneys received from tho abovo sources
thall lje paid Into Iho reclamation fund
IUSl OP PUNI).
Sec. 0. That tho Secretary of the In
terior Is hereby nulhorlzed and directed to
urn the tcclamallnn fund for tho operation
nnd maintenance of all reservoha ami Ir
rigation works tonstructcl under the
Provisions of tills act Provided, that
when tho pnvinents required by this act
lire mide for tho major portion of tho
linds Irrigated from tho waters of anj of
the works hcrrln provided for. then tho
management niul operation of, but not the
tltlo to Buch Irrigation work", excepting
Sh-aT,"1'? ".V l", wrks nocesj.uy for
their protection and opcritloii. shall pass
to tlieonneis ot the land litigated there
by, to ho maintained at their expense un
der such form of orginlinilnn nnd unckr
null rules and regulations as may bo ac
ceptablo to tho Secretary of the Intirlor,
ACQUIUINO IllOHTB.
provisions of this act It beeomes neces
sary to acqulro nny rights or pioperty. Iho
feirf ity 0f the Interior la hereh) author'
Hi'.'L.0in"1"lrn,"m tnmf ror " V'llltfll
fiii by Ptirchuso or by condemnation
Sh1.1? J'"1'0 ,'' rrocess and to pay from
the leclamatlnn fund the sums which mi)
In needed tor (hut put nose, and the t'nllcd
Staten circuit or District courts of tho ills,
.l.ii whfln "eh Propci iy Is located
"in 1 concurrently wllh tho couits of the
Stale eir 'territory, havo Juilmllctlon pf
lincee.llnga lor such condemnation, nnd It
shall k i 11,0 duty of Iho Attornov.Oeneral
.iV.."'".!.""."1 8'te. upon every applica
tion of the Secretary of Iho Interior, under
nils act, i mien proceedings to be com
iiiencod t undemiintlnu within thirty
days fr iccelpt uf lh application at
iuShD nent of Justice And In all
t i...i0u1.".m""1"". Proieedlnga In tho
1'nlted Stairs courls tho piaitlie plead,
ings. forms and modes of proceedings In
causes arising undei this act Bhall con
form as noar as may be, to the prartlee,
pleadings forms and proceedings existing
at the time In like ciiuscs In tho courls of
rrco."3.,of "10 H"t" r Territory within
such Circuit or District court Is held oily
rule of tho court to tho contrary notwlth
.landing IsOT TO INTWIFHUI".
JbY. " That nothing In this act shall be
construed ns ntYicilnu or Intended to altect
or to In any mi) Inierfere with the laws
?L",?y, 8""n or Teirltnry relating to the
control, nppiopr at on, use, or dlstrlbu Ion
ft watir used 'in Irilgallon hut Slate and
reirltnrlal laws shall govern and eontrol
in Iho appropriation, uso and dlstrlh Mlon
nt tho waters rendered available the
worka constructed under ihu prnvi of
thH nit I rovlded, thut tho rl' v th0
ujt of wnle r inquired under IP .slons
,'i W ,'" i hll bn apnurtf . to tho
land IrilKuted. and beneficial e shall bo
JH Jh!! J?"f '." lha """'re. and tho limit of
H tha right
W I.VKIlTIIINn Ni:pi'B8ATlV.
B wff. ,D . 'r,"i.1 ""' Secretary of tho In
M W l',I'''h '.'"'""'''''l to perform Rtiy
S.i,i"" ""'' '" n"k1 Melt rules and
k regulations ua may bo ll.ccltary, ami
proper for the purpose of carri Ing the pro
fecu"' "U lnl 'u" Bn1 et"
REPORT ON THE BILL.
Report Acocmpanylne nnd Commend.
Ing- the Moasure.
Mr Itinsbrough submitted the follow
ing report In favor ot tho bill nt the snme
time:
Tho Committee on Publlo UnSls, to
whom wis referred the bill S Trail ap
propriating tho receipts from the sale
and disposal of public Mnds In certain
States and Territories to tho construction
of irrigation works for the reclamation
of arid Ijnds, submit tho following re
port The bill appropriates the proceeds from
the sales of publlo lands amiunttng nn
tro average for tho past two ears to
nearly nooxm annual!), nnd crcites a
reclamation fund, freiin which fund the
Secretary of tho Interior Is authorized to
mako payment for necesser) examina
tions an! survevs nnd to construct Irri
gation works for tho reclamation of the
arid and seml-arld linds In tho States and
Territories named In the bill The cot of
such works Is to be assessed against the
lands benellted, and collections mide In
ten annual Installments, the monev s thus
paid going Into the. reclamation fund By
thl method the fund will constantly bo
replenished making Irrigation practically
n self.sustnlnlng enterprise an 1, according
to climates by the geologlcil survev,
ultimately putting money Into tho treas
ury. It also provided that the cost of opera
tion and maintenance of reservoirs und
jrr'gatlon works shall bo paid from the
Irrigation fund, but when paj meats nro
made on tho major portion of tho lands
Irrigated under any project, the manage
ment and operation of all works except
reservoirs and tho works necessarj for
their operation and protection, shall pass
to the owners of the land to ho main
tained at their expense, under rules pre
scribed by tho Bcrretnrv.
Authority H given for the withdrawal
from publlo entry of such lands as aro
required for reservoirs and canal sites,
and the Secretarj Is dlrecteel to restore to
publlo entry any of tho landn which aro
pot required for tho purposes for which
they were withdrawn
Tho bill provides that the Secretary
shall give tho limit of area per entry In
each of the Irrigation projects undertaken
under the provisions of tne bill, the min
imum area being forty acres and the
maximum 1W1 acres The fict is recog
nized that in some portions of the coun
try forty acres Is sufficient for tho sup
Port of the nverage-slzed family, as, for
Inslanco. in California, Arizona nnd New
Mexlrn where fruit nnd vegetables are
the chief products grown on Irrigated
lands Jn more northerly climes, however,
whero grain nnd forage rnr stock are
grown, hid acres would be necessary for
the support of a famllv.
Provision Is also mado for the extension
of water rights to landa In prlvnte owner
ship upon such terms as may, in the Judg
ment of the Secretary, bo deemed Just
nnd equitable, no right to the uso of
wnter, however, shall bo sold for lands
In private ownership to tracts exceeding
InO acres to an) one person and no such
water right shill permanently nttach to
the land until all payments are made for
such rights
In addition to compliance with the
homestead laws which In part are rrndo
applicable to the lands affected by the
provisions of this bill the entrsman
shall reclaim such lands for agricultural
purposes, and shall pay all charges before
receiving potent
The commutation clause of the home
stead liws Is not made applicable to lands
entered under this act, the object belna
to prevent speculation
By section 8 It will appenr that there Is
to be no Interference wltn State or Terri
torial laws on tho subject of Irrigation,
and the right to the use of waler Is mado
appurtenant to tho lands Irrigated, bene
ficial use being tho basis, tho measure,
und the limit of the right.
It will be recalled that under tho net of
May 17, llv, known as the free-homestead
law, n provision wan Inserted to the ef
fect that in case the receipts from tho
sale of publlo lands should be Insufficient
for tho support of agricultural colleges In
tho several States and Territories, tl e de
flclency ehould be provided directly from
the treasury. A like provision has been
Inserted In tho pending measure.
Provision Is also made for full and com
plete reports at the beginning of each see.
slon of congress, such reports to give In
detail all the facts relative In tho ques
tion of the location of lands which can be
Irrigated and the cost of all contemplated
works, nnd tho cost of worka In process
of construction, und thoso which havo
been completed.
The following communication from tho
director of tho geological survey Is of
sufficient Interest in warrant its being ap.
pended to this report:
oi:oL,ofiicAi. sunvKY nr,roitT,
Department of the Interior, United States
Geological Survey, Washington, D. C,
January 2., l.2
Sir.-Heplj Ing to our request of this
dale, 1 havo tho honor to Inclose here
with a series of approximate estimates ot
tho possibilities of land reclamation hy
Irrigation In the nrld region, together
with short discussions of some of the re
lated problems lours, with respect,
C1IAM.L8 D WALCOTT, Director.
Hon II. U. llansbiough, United States
Senate.
Some leading questions concerning re.
clamatlon of tho arid AN est hy Irrigation:
COSTS AND ni:8UL,TS
What la the cost of water conservation?
How much land can the Government re.
cltlm7
How much land can private effort re
claim? What expenditure la now required of
Iho Oov eminent?
Summary of estimated costs and ben
efits. rnojr.cTS buookstkd,
San CnrlOB reservoir.
California-Nevada reservoirs.
St. Mary diversion eanal.
ClOVl'.UNMIlNTAt, Iir.f.ATIONB TO lit
IIKIATION. Why does not prlvule enterprise build
largo reclamation works?
Where should Government works be
built?
The work of iho geological survey In re
lation to water lonscrvatlon.
l'llL'SEKT lltniOATION DUVELOP
MUM, Whul Is tho extent of Irrigation?
What Investments have been made?
Measurement of wuter In Bciond-feet
und acre-feet.
How rnuili wnt' Is required to Irrigate
an acraf
WHAT IS Tilt cvST OP WATElt CON.
H ATION7
The survovn ind examinations mado In
different purts of tho urld region show
that tho coat of wottr conservation
ranges from 11 per an In most favor
able tase, up to M or -! per aire, whero
tho conditions aro less favorable. More,
over, whereas per aeio may be pro
hibitory In Montana for raising alfalfa.
It U reasonable In Arizona, whero high
class products aro produced An arbl
tiary statement, therefore, of the cost
per huh reclaimed beats little relation to
(ho feailbllltv of tho enterprise.
The ecibt of reclamation also depends
upon the completeness with which tho
work Is done, ror example tho Intention
of lotXO acres mav eost onlv SID per acre,
hut tho Irrigation of jjon aldlilonui
acres may cost VIS per acre. Viewed as
an Investment mil) It might bo found
more profitable In such a iuea to Irrigate
tho sinuller acreage, but nn n matter of
larger benefits to tho people by tho cre
ation 'if more homes, It might be wiser
to advocate the mine completn system,
under the general principle that In devel
oping the resources of the country the
larger benefits consistent with eionomy
should be sought, and not merely tho
eheapest or Ihu, most linmedlniel) profit-
lha reclamation of 200 ono acres of arid
land by means of Iriigatlon would, on
an average, cost probably from ilu to lis
per ucri. and the ultimate average value
wo ild ho three times as much,
how mitch land can this oov
i;hn.mi:nt hiiclaiji?
,11 has been variously estimated thut
there la nvuilnhle water for from aooooon
to nMiou,jni acres It Is not necessary for
the (lovernment to cunseivc all of this
water. If the Government should build
tho gi eat dams nnd divert the large llv
ers, Individual enterprise would be ahlo
to put tho wuter upon the greater pait
of the Ian. I It Is estimated trut If Iho
Government should conserve vvuier for 20,.
KrtOOOucres, Individuals would he able to
obtain wfctei for Iho remaining reclaim
able Und
. The limit of :o,wo,coo acres has been jft
for Government work as being a liberal
allowance, when consideration Is hsd ot
the projects which nre ot sufficient slzo
or importance to JustU) construction by
the (lovernment It is assumed that It
will not bo tho Intention ot Congress to
Irrigate the land but merely to build
some of ihe larger works The possibili
ties of ronstruitlon of these nro limited
b) tho character of the tountrj Taking
the vast extent of the arid region as a
whole and the number of projects called
to public attention, thcro arc compnra
lively row of these which would Jusiir
mnro than survey and cnreful cxnmlm
tlon The fact i developed bv Impirtlal
work conclusively prove that for somo of
these projects there Is no reasonable de
mand for Government work
HOW MUCH LAND CAN PHIVATK UP
10111' m:t"I.AlM?
If tho Government provides tho larger
f.l'"'?,,:e..wc'rb" ""'' regulates the river
it will then be ptsslbln for private enter
prise lo again take un the work of bring
Ing wnter lo the I ml Cor example, the
ipnstructlon of a large reservoir on Gila
river. Arizona will result In the Imme
diate Increase In popul itlin nnd land val
ues suih ns to Jusllfv the ultimate eon
ftructlon b Individuals of reservoirs like
tho Quen .reek whlih now cannot ho
considered ns reaslhle nnd never will be
"",'" if supplemental to the larger
works The branehrs can not grow un'll
the main trunk stem Is better developed
r rom the experience already required
In the development of the arid regions it
may bo assumed that where wnter Is con
served for the direct reclnmntlon of one
acre there are ultlmalols brought In use
two or three acres through the iosslblliiy
or taking ndi inlagn of tloods, through
the uso of seepage, through pumping
Plants, and b various olhei devlies In
short, If the Government by menna of
largo storage works, or by tal Ing water
from great rivers should provide water
directly for aioioooo acres which other
wise would not be Irrigated, this net
would lenter possible Iho gradual mill
zntlon of tho grenier part of the remain
der through construction of smaller lndi
ldual systems
In tho present state of engineering sci
ence nnd at existing values nt land. It
will not be possible to now utilize all the
waste waters within practical limits of
expense The Influence of new Inventions,
cheaper appliances, nnd tho Increased de
mand Tor land make It Impossible to place
nny definite limits upon tho development,
BUMMAItY OP COSTS AND nnNiifirs
Vacant publlo lands, acres nbout oooiworo
l.and now Irrigated, acres ,. 6,5oaooo
Water supply In sufficient, when
conserved, for w)tiiiou to loo,-
OOl too acres 60,000,000
It Is necessarj for the Govern
ment to conserve water directly
for about, acres 20,000,000
This will make possible the re
el imatlon by private means at
least an equal amount, or. In
all acres 40,000,000
rrobibio expense to Govern
ment, during thlrtv eight
ears, for 20,ionn, t JIS per
aero J 300,000,000
Probable expense to Individ
uals, following opportunities
thus created, 20 000,000 aires,
nt 1T0 per ncre cVXl.OOO.OflO
Population made possible In
fort) years as a result of re
clamation 30000,000
Value nf land brought under
settlement (excluding build
ings, cattle, Improvements,
etc ), to.oeo om acres, at fA
per acre, In forty )ear K ono ooo.ooo
SAN CARLOS ItKSKrtVOIll.
The proposed San Carlos reservoir Is In
southern Arizona, on th Gila river. The
esllmnled cost Is Jl.OIOOOO It Is to sup.
ply water from the Gila Indian reservn.
lion and for nbout loov acres of public
lands in nddlllon The capacity of the
reservoir Is .M0 0O0 acre-feel. Tho flood
wnter stored will be turned back Into the
river, nnd will flow through rocky tan
)ons In the point of diversion, whero a
cnnal can be constructed, largely by In
dians nnd white settlers, to tako water to
tho reservation and to (lovernment lands
The estimated cost of diversion works
and canal Is StMlooo.
cost oi nnsi-rtvom.
Masonrv I cioooo
l.xcavatlon, pumping, etc l,nniy
Outlet tunnel, towers, gates, fto 2, 00
Removal of railway and agency , lioono
New Itrlgatlon system above
reservoir 20nno
Miscellaneous Items slooo
Total cost of reservoir Jiwnooo
Diversion works nnd canal jfio.ftio
1,200 000
Engineering and contingencies (15
per cent) isnono
Total fiasnono
The results nf this work will be a sup
ply of water for all the future needs of
three tribes of Indians on the Gila River
reservation, and a surplus sufficient to
reclaim 100000 acres of public land, which
will be worth nt least JMl per ncre, or
15 010 000 nnd will furnish homes for a
population of nbout to del souls.
CALirOHNIA-NI'VADA RESKItVOlnS
Reservoir ejstrms on Truckeo nnd Car
son rivers. In Cnllfornla, to irrigate landn
In Nevada, have been exnmlned Tho
survevs on the Truckee river have been
completed and passd upon b) a hoard of
engineers, those on Carson river have not
yet been finished, unci the engineers' to
tal of masonry, earth and rock hHs not
been submitted Rut it has been ascer
tained that on each river there are sites
for six or eight reservoirs, any one or all
of which may bo ultimately constructed
at a cot for each reservoir ranging from
li() io 1T80O0 each, storing from 10(io
to 20 ono acre-feel or at a lost In each
case of from 13 to 110 per acre-foot W hllo
these reservoir svstems, for ultimata
completeness, should be considered as u
whole, )et each reservoir must bo built
upon lis own merits
The estimated cost of constructing all
the reservoirs In the Truckeo basin Is
140 nm Two s) stems of canals would bo
necessary for Ihe distribution of tho
stored w iters and would cost II 0rt),("l
There would ho reclaimed HOiyx) acres of
arid land, much of which Is In publlo
ownership II would bo worth nbout il
per acre, or IlWioriio, and would furnish
homes for 30,000 rersona
ST. MARY DIVERSION CANAL.
The, proposed St, Mary diversion canal
Is for taking water frpm St. Mhit river.
In northern Montana, and carr)lng It
across gravel ridges to the headwaters of
Milk river The engineers' estimates of
tho quantltv of earth unel rock to be
moved nnd ihe cost of the diversion dam
nnd other structures hnvo not )et lieen
completed, but the Incomplete compila
tions Indlcnle that the probable cost of
taking 1210 cublo feet per second over the
divide lo the North Pork of Milk river
will bo Je.Sb.ao, to the South Pork, 11,13,
(HM It Is proposed In continue the cannl to
Ihe South Pork, as It Is not considered
practicable for tho Canadians to divert
water at any point In Canada from tho
South Pork, or from Milk river.
Piom tho South Pork water ran bo
taken over to Cuthank and east to Milk
river. If necessary In iho future
There would ho reclaimed bv this cannl
ltO(no acres all publlo land which would
havo a piobable value or lii per ncre. or
S3,oixioiO, and would sustain a imputation
of 10,000.
Sl'MMAllY ST, MAHY CANAL, MONTANA.
Tho water of the St Mary rivet can be
diverted and turned Into the North Pork
of Milk river for Icvctnoii, wllh a. canal 271
miles In length The extension of tho
South Pork will Increase this amount
1S,MA. muklng Ihe total cost to the lat
ter lolnt from the head Il,l30u0, und
wllh a length of runal of 4th miles.
The cost of the extension of the eanal
llienco to Cutbink creek will approxi
mate) II.) om. and the total distance lo
this latter point from tho head will bo
ninety mllr
The Marias redtverslon canal will be
seventy miles long and cost npproxl
mutel) isio.0'1.
Tho total cost from the head of tho
canal on St. Mary river lo His Sandy
creek, by the Marias dlveislon, will coins
lo tttWOo.
The eost of tho secondary s)stem of
reservoir silos wllh their supply canals,
to the lower Milk River basin, Is placed
at Ifloouo
Tho grand total for the litigation sys
tem Is JIMiooio from which &22oi acres
inn be served, or a cost Of 16 70 per aire.
WHY nOKS NOT PRIVATE ENTER.
PRISE llltlLD LARGE U1"CLAMA.
TION WORhb?
If nil of the land ami all nf the Interests
which would recilve benefit from the con
struction of wmlis of reclamation could
he granted lo one Individual or corpota.
lion, so that the Investors could receive
all nt the benefits from the outlny, the
inojectn would ho highly remuiieiallve,
hut under present conditions, which ren
der It necessury for tho benefits to go to
a large number of Individuals and iom.
munltles, sltuuted sometimes In different
States, It haa been shown by trial and
failure that private enterprise ran not
make money out of works for regulating
the flow of tho rlvera and for sivlng Iho
Hoods. Not one of these has been finan
cially Eucresiful, except whero conditions
aro such that a corporation controls Iho
land and has such wldn riimlf)tng Inter
ests ua to gather returns from many
sources,
WHERE kV.IOl.LI GOVERNMENT
WORKS I II III I LI"
Government wniks should b built for
tho ucUiiutloii uf arid lands so tlmated
that prlvnte enterprise ha been found to
be Impractlcablo
, There are two contrnsllng conditions lo
be rciognlzed 111 Iho nrid region and atl
proposed projects can be classed under
ono or the other The first Is when" the
greater nirt or the land to lie benefited
belongs lo the Government, and the sec
ond Is where all , r nrnrl) all i.r th, lands
needing water have passed Into the eon
trol of Individuals
In the first case the Government re
clilms Its own lands and mn dispose of
these to nrttint seltlcrn In small traits
giving till- llnnll) wh lever ihe rest if
the water has been refunded to the Gov
ernnient
In the second case where nil of the
lands hnve passed Into prlvnte ownershlii
nnd nre situated along a river of such
length thlt Ihe benefits can not be .11
lectlv iseerlatned the Govt rnmenl vvirks
If built must be without refereni e to on
t lining direct returns The) uie mm
parable in river nn.l barlwir Improvements
In that Ihe) serve the general welfare
Such works must be built and orented
without rercrence to an) Immediate or
direct returns to the Gov eminent
WORK OP Gl OIOGICAI SCRVC, IN
RELATION' TO W IER ( O.V
8LR A HON
Mans of Important rivers have been pre
pared showing their .al.hinent areas In
the mountains and the relative position
of reservoir ellfe emals Irrlgat d and
Irrigable lands Tnese mips have been Is.
siicl as siihsl.1l irj to n topographic atlas
of the t'nlted States Rivers have been
svstemnllrnllv measured at various pilnta
throughout the arid region and Ihe re.
suits nf computations of How have been
published In the aggregate several mil
lion dollars have been expended upon
private proleita whnse feasibility has
been made known thrum!) these meas
urements such, for example as the
sugar beet factories lo.ate.l on Arkansas
river 111 Colorado and etsevvhele
The underground wniir conditions have
been studied, and maps prepared for tor
tious of the W.st resulting In largi de
velopments of deep waters It Is safe- lo
sn) that, as In Ihe case of rlvir measure
ments, the wealth of the coilnlr) has been
Increased by levernl hundred Ihotteanl
dolUrn ns nn Immediate eonsequenco of
theto nrteslan Investigations The deep
wells of Ihe Sanla Pe sistrm at La Jun
tn Colo , furnish nn example,
Man) reservoir wiles have been exam
ined snntn of these Inve been siirveved
with great enre, and detailed estimates!
of Iho cost and vntue prepared Some of
tho sin itler have atreadv been utilized by
private capital, for example, those on Hie
headwaters of Hie Arkansas river in Col- '
nrailn and In the Sierra Nevada In Cal
ifornia, but the larger remain for rulure
utilization, as thev can not b made a
source of speculative profit ntthough In
valuable In the development of the eoun
lrI There Is now nt hand data bearing upon
Ihe wnter suppl) and the cost i.r storage
In various localities and sufficient fails
to Justify tho construction of some of the
most Important vvoiks. such ns the San
Carlos reservoir In Arizona a portion of
the. svstem of the Callfornla-Nevada
siiite line, nnd tho diversion of the St.
Mnry lo Milk liver. In Montuna
Ono of the results of investigation ex
tending over a dozen )ears Is that the
surve) has In Its engineering branch a
well organized corps nf active, experi
enced engineers These men havo served
from time to time as experts for various
municipalities and corporations The sur
vey has the Information for and the ex
perlenced men capable of tnklng charge
of, tho construction of lirgo works, If
Congress approves nnd provides for tho
same: but the survey Is primarily a bu.
reau of Information for obtaining facts
authorized by Congress It Is equipped
to carry out In any direction the work
which may nrlse from thesfl inquiries,
according to the wishes of Congress
WHAT IS THE EXTKS'T OP PRESENT
IRRIGATION?
Tho irrigation area Is approximately
fifrtioo.1 acres the greater parllon or this
being In the States of California, and Col.
nriido During Ihe last len ),arn tho
irrigated area haa been extended, the In.
crease helper duo mainly to a more com
plete uso of waler from ditches already
built and not tn new construction
In recent years comparatively few largo
works havo been built, hut those eon.
structet from about 11' to lvr, have been
gradual!) enlarged and more land brought
Imo Irrigation Most, If not all, nf Iho
largo siiecutatlve enterprises for reclama
tion aro In the hands of receivers, the
stockholders have lost everything, and
the bondholders nre being cnlled upon tn
maintain the works There exists tho mi.
omalous condition that, although the en.
lerprlses nre bankrupt, large slues have
been created Por example, in tho case of
the Hear Volley compan), the Investment
of about llixiioon Is estimated to have
created values of very nearly jsonoomi
The enormous nppirent profits hnvo not
gono to the Investors, hut to the public In
general,
WHAT INVESTMENTS HAVE 11EEN
MADE?
Irrigntlon works already constructed
have tost about Is per ncre cultivated,
this Including cases where fnrnera have
built their own ditches, ns well ns where
works hnve been built bv large corpora
linns The toinl amount expended for
the 6.500 000 acrea Irrigated would thus be
12 000(100
A larger amount has been Invested If
there nre Included such Items ns cost of
land, amount of labor expended In culti
vation nnd In making Improvements, also
the cost nf various unproductive worka
whero lrtlgitlon has not been whnll) suc
cessful There nr , no rellabln stntetnents
or netunt cost o these latter, but most
or the estlmntes obtnlnnhle or the amount
expended for 'rrlgatlnn wprku are un
doubtedly high.
MEASPREMENT OP WATER IN SEC-
ONL-1'EET, MINERS INCHES
AM) ACRIM EET.
There nro In common uso tn units of
measurement of wnter when used tn Irri
gation, that giving the rate of flow, as
of it stream, nnd that stntlng tho cubical
quantity, as of water contained In a
reservoir
The cublo foot per second (second-foot)
Is the unit for the rate of flow. This Is a
quanllt) of water delivered hy a rec
tangular flume one foot wide and one foot
deep nnd flowing at the average rate of
ono foot a second. In round numbers,
this Is equal to seven and one-half gal
lons each second or 4V) gnlluns per min
ute The rnto of flow Is sometimes expressed
In miners' Inches, but this Is nn Indefinite
quintlt). In Arlzoni fort) miners' Incl
ninke a cublo foot per second, and In i
Ifornla lift) miners Inches make a en, J
foot per second In various localities
there are Intermediate values
Tho unit or capaclt) used In Irrigation
is the acre. foot, nr 1 acre covered one
foot In depth, equivalent tn 41f.u0 cublo
feet One cubic root per second flowing
ror Iwent) r .nr hours will cover an n re
lis (eel in de th In round number- a
cubic toot per se. ond tor a day Is equlv
nleeit lo two acre reel
HOW Ml Cll W riJU IS -ltEQCIRP.D
TO IRRIGATP AN ACUL"
A ctibli foot per second (lowing through
nil Irrigation season nf I'M dnvs will de
liver about son acre-feet or will river 1
acres two reit III depth In most lneall
ties this Is sufficient vvnt.r for the pro
dutlton or un average crop tn Callfor
nl i where vvllir Is ecu e less Is used
I and Tor on hards twice as lirge an area
tan be Irrigated
When Irrigation Is first prsetlie.1 more
water Is neided lo Ihoroiiglil) wet the
subsoil but nrter a row )ears a less
ciuantlty Is required and In some loiall
lies us nt Presno. Cil m. water In ai
piled on the surface the neepage frnni the
canals kcrrttm Ihe fields sufficiently
moist
Two aire fert for nn ncre is nn iverige
allnwanie for the ill 1.1 rigliu as n whole
ITve ncres per miners Inch or "60 acres
per seeon.lfn.it mi) b. taken as Ihe
most einnmilcal Use sa) nt Riverside
and Redlan.ls where ditches ill.- lined
water is car, rull) measured and citrus
frillls ale Irrigated This must he mr
nlshed about 2110 bi)s mi an avernfti It
is eiiulvulint tn one and three-eighths
acre feet of w iter . r ncre litigated I his
dlltv can be Improved b) the use or pipes
GERMANY SAYS IT IS TRUE.
Maintains That Piumccfote Took Un
pleasant Step for United States.
lleilln, leb S - The critics of Grent
Britain liete nio disposed tn let Lord
Piiuncefnte's note of April II. U1, drop
with the ,'Xplatintloti, cnble.1 finm
Washington, hut nothing unfriendly t
tho Pulled States whs meant tliereb)
They k.i the fait stands that Great
Ilrltnln did Inltlatu u second proposal
foi n Eutopein remonstrance.
The expl iiiatlou that President Mi -Klnle)
vvun privy to Lord Piiuncefntea
pmpnse und approved Ihe lliltlsh up
peal befote it vviih in ide, la not incepted
here,
A person who la In u position lo know
the opinion of tho Hi tinnn I'orelgn nlltie
said "Wc nip disinclined tn iIIscubs
Lord Pntincefolo'a motives. W'p simply
mil the fact that lam! Paunrefnte look
u step unpleasant for the I'nlted Stntrs
nnd It vvas (lerinnti)'H lefusal tu partlc
Ipnte th it frustmteil tho movement
Moreover, ilocunientnry proof that
Great Ilrltnln took such a step exists. In
the files nf I'llinpenll cables"
The Ilerllner Neuste Nnchrlchten tlda
evening print u statement legatding
Lord Pniiiicofote'a note of April II, 1S1H,
similar to Urn ono rallied to tho Asso
ciated Puss tiulii), lidding
"I.et the people of England nnd Amer
ica liellevn this nnd not compel uillclal
qunrttra In Hortln lo ptnve tho truth of
the statement by publishing documents.
All the suspicions raised against Ger
many In tills nintter must fnll pint to
the ground before the Indisputable
facts."
LAWS DO NOT APPLY.
Secretary Root Renders Decision on
Interesting Question.
Washington, lch. 8 Sccretnry Root
haa rendered n decision on on Interest
ing; question raised by Oen. Chaffee,
commanding; the military forces in the
Philippines. It appears thnt In ninny
Instances In the establishment of civil
Governments In the provinces, nrmy of
ficers who ,linvn been ndinlnlsterlnp;
seml-clvll functions hnvo been elected to
office hy the natives.
In relating thoso fncts to the Secre
tory of Wur. Gen. ChnlTco Inquired If
(he general statute nf the United Htntca
prohibiting nrmy niilceis from holding
elvll positions In Ihe United States, ex
cept In certain specified cases, will bo
nppllmbte te, civil olllres In the Philip
pines under existing conditions.
After u conference, with Judge Advo
cnte General Pivln, Secretary Hoot has
cabled Oen. Chaffee thnt the Wnr de
pnrtment does not consider the stututes
In question ns applying to such cases In
the Philippines. j.
SHORT STORIES.
In Yankton. S. n, ilie deslrojed the
department stpro of W. P. Pnnllo . Ilm.
Loss iviiino
The Imports of drv-goods nnd merchan
dise nt the port of New lOrk for Ihe
past week were valued at lio.ni 4 "I
Tho Imports of specie at New York for
tho past week were jy 617 gold and 112.
2.0 silver Tho exports for the week were
1 sAGtf silver nnd 11201,511 gold.
Tho various committees In New York
having In hand the entertainment of
Prince Henry are making rapid progress
toward tho completion of their arrange
ments. The State Hank Examiner, who Is go.
Ing over the hooka of the failed Rank of
Hellwood, Neb stules that tho Inellcu.
tlons are that the shortage will amount
lo pooro.
Yesterday's statement of the treasury
balances In tho general fund, exclusive
nf ihe sivoonnrNO nld reserve In tho di
vision of redemption, shows. Available
tush balancer. 1I713-,M,M2, gold, JS7,!0i7,i73
The Rerlln lyicnl Anzelger says the
Meit-rB Crnmp or Philadelphia propose
building a shipyard In German) with ihe
eo operation of Sir Edward Held, the
roimer ex Chief of Construction of the
British nnv),
leslerday was the Inst day In active
servlc, of Ilei.r-A.lmlr.il W T Sampson
nnd llnrllett Cromwell, and tnda) the
names of both will bo placed op the re
tired list on account or their huvlng
reached Ihe ugo nf 6' )ears
Tho House bill making the Census bu
reau permanent lecelved final considera
tion at the hands ot tho Committee on
ronsns Senator (Juarles vvas outhorlzed
lo report tlin bill on Monday nnd to
make an effort to secure Immediate consideration.
' ATTHE WHITEROCKS AGENCY,
Definite and Practical Steps Being Taken to Make the Indians Self-Supporting.
Whltcrockg, Utah. Feb, 3. It may be
ot Interest to the people of Utah to
know thnt very definite and practical
steps aro Just now halne token by tho
Interior depot tment to mako tho In.
dlan sclf-supporlliiB.
Tho Indians of Utah are the subject
of (.evernl recent earnest communica
tions nf the department along this line.
To bcKln with, tho Indlsitlmlnato Is
suo of rations has been slopped at tho
Uintah nnd Oumy agencies.
Heretofore there) has been lamed at
the two .igcnclcs nbout 200,000 pounds of
flam, 100,000 pounds of beef, and sucar,
cottce und other provisions In piopor
tlon, unnunlly. Hardware, faun Imple
ments und other supplies have been
flccly Issued tn thoka who would make
pinper use of them.
Hereafter no rations will be Issued to
Indians who have the means of self,
support. No able-bodied Indian will
reielve rations Hftor April 1, 1S02, but
In lieu thereof nil such will bo given
employment by the (Inv eminent In
building; roads, ditching, making other
linpinvements on tho lesorvntlnn, and
will receive ns wages (hit money hj-r-tofnre
expended for (hell radons.
Those who will nn( work (and there
will ptohubly he many such nt first),
will practically forfeit the value of (helf
rations to the Industrie,!) ones who am
willing to work for It.
The department fuilher desires that
competent Indiana bo employed by In
dlvlduula find compunles.
It la (ho policy of (ho department to
Issue In the future rations and supplies
tn the ugiil, slik, Inllrm and helpless
only.
Another Important mnvo tnunrd
plirlng the 1'te on nn Independent font
Ing Is the pro-rutlng of trust funds now
held for film by the Pederul govern-
ment. These funds make a per capita
of nearly liooo for the Uintah, White,
river nnd Uncompahgre. Ules, on which
they are now receiving it cash annuity
of ahouf 115 ench,
Thn department now proposes to fix
on Invntidhln pio-i,ita share for each
Indian, und whin. In the opinion of the
depnrlmint, un lndlnn Is capublu of
manni-liu- Ills own affairs, (hen shall ho
licolvu In cusli the full amount of his
share. Indltni who aro not deemed
capnblo will iccclvo die nnnuKy ns
hcrotoforp.
It Is pointed nut that former pay
ments of tiust funda to Indians lmvo
not lesulted satisfactorily, because
made tn all thn Indians of n tribe, with
out regard to Individual rspnhlllty The
present policy Is to lonslder thn Indi
vidual lndlnn ralher than tho tribe,
nnd thus give those who ate sufllclonlly
advanced, hut who havo heretofore
been tied to the reservation hy tribal
legulatlons. an opportunity tn strike
out for themselves and lo become cit
izens of the United States
These measures eettnlnly give prom
Iso of ptnctlcal resulls.
The nvcraga Ule, so Ion as ho bo.
lleves ho will bo fed In any event, will
do no work, Thero nro thoso who will
only work to keep from stem Ins, and
these should be, compelled to vvotk,
The proposed distribution of funds Is
nn Imemtlve to those who hnve n little
ambition to demo.isiriKo Ihelr nblllly lo
niaimBc for (hemselves,
Tio change In Iho intlon system will
no doubt elicit a vlgoious protest from
Iho lelsuie-lovlnjr lite Some kicks
hnve already been teglstcred, but (he
storm is due nbniu Apill 1st,
No amount of piotest, hovvevei, will
detir the department The measure!,
will be entoiced. though iho work will
be diltlcult and tedious.
NEVADA STATE DOINGS I
H
The Nevada Senatorial Situation Some Aspirants 'M
Straightening Out the Central Pacific RailroadThe -M
Low Price of Copper Discouraging Tonopah Ore H
ReductionNot Good Smelting Ore Cold-Footec? ;K
Tonopahns, HV
Correspondence Tribune 1
t arson I'll), Nev . leb 15 1901.
Who will be (he next Unltnil Slates
Senatot fuun Xevadi? continues to lie
a verv niucli-nuioted question nt this
present time und will le for some
nionlhs longer We nil know lh.it Now -lands
has set his heait and soul upon
the position, and lias never ceased to
untie fot it b) all) sort nf mentis, even
lliiee' voaia ago being willing to aban
don his triumphant rlec Hon na t'nn
giessmaii b the people. In the attempt
lo wrest Ihe Seiintoishlp from Stevvatl
New lands loot deal on the proposition
and has nevei regained his good slnnd
Ing since iih a, high minded politician
Lvrn his sliver party kit ked him nver
hnntd at tho time, nnd he bad n tough
Jolgelllng back Into Ihe fold Sti-wnrt
am ceiled In gi (ting elei led, In spite of
him by simp!) one pure bused vote h
llipublliun one, lit Hint Hut Slewart
has kl. ked the stufllng nut nf his re
calcitrant Silver part) since, and Is now
n stanih Republican iinio more, like
Senator Jones
In view of the disrupted condition of
the Silver pail) and the lion compos
nr uncertain lelutlons of tho Demoi
rnry. It Is u Utile ellfllcult to determine
Just et what ticket Newlnnds will run
on sliver Democracy Is mentioned
nnd ma) siibslnntlall) materialize biter
on, nr he might turn Republican with
equal faclllt) nnd nm-dstenc), nnStew
nil and Jones Hut Now lands evidently
relies more than nil) thing elso upon
his personal (wpularlty and favor In
the ees of the people, for his good,
puniest wotk In Congiess In behalf of
the Irrigation lands und Irrigation prop,
oslllons, speclall) applying tn and nf
fectlng Nevada, as well oh other West
ern actions. Ho has certainly been
nn Indorutlgnblo wmker In thai le
spect. und deserves to havo accom
plished more than ho has
As for Jones running to succeed him
self vis United States Senator, he
seems lo be somewhat In doubt about
It, or his iluinces nf winning at the
hands of his old party to which ho has
tecentl) returned. He has been In (he
United states Senate longer than nny.
body nnd would doubtless not object to
dying In harness. If he could, in well
as not Hut Jones's Congressional on.
reer has not been ns brilliant us that
of his colleague's the last few )ears,
simply confining himself tn standing nil
right and pat on the, tariff with the
Administration. Moreover, Jones Is not
ss rich ns he used lo be, nnd would
not like to undertake n. very costly cum
pnlgn. (live him the ofllco frcnorchein
nnd ho will lake It.
The mime of A. C. Cleveland of White
Pine Is mentioned ns Itepubllcin can
didate for United BtAtca Senator. He,
like (he odiers mentioned, has not al
ways been straight goods In politics,
switching from Republicanism to Kll.
vei Democracy, nnd ha been too much
Inclined to poetical effusions, or con
fusions, In his polRlcnl lectures or har
angues. Yet Cleveland Is back In the
old party, whero he naturally belonws,
Is n. thorough representntlvo Nevndan,
prominently Identified with her ogrl
cultural nnd mining, and all other In
terests: has always taken great pride
In his State, nnd will nlwii)s use his
best efforts for her advancement. And
there nro others.
-MORMON LARORKIIS.
The Central Pacific Railroad com
pany Is engaged In a very Important
move, which Is Ihe straightening- ou( of
tho load ot various points and In this
serllnn between Reno, and avvny east
toward Ulko and Ogden, shortening thn
distance nbout ISO miles Several miles
of (ho new tr.uk nro already grnde.1
eust of Wndswnith, leaving that town
about a mile nnd a half outside, to the
northwest. About looo men aro cm
.jilojed, many being fiom Utah, No
brnskn nnd other available points, as
well as Nevada. Two gangs are made
or Mormons, amounting to over 400,
many of whom ore related. An) how,
they form a flourishing community of
their own, ond hang together as tho
mns( reliable workers. The contractor
savs he tins already paid oh 100 men,
who have quit the Job. but none, nf the
Mormons have left. They nro stayers,
like Gallagher's dog. '
AHOUT COPPUH.
Owing to tho present low price of
copper tho blej Ludwljr smelter, over in
Mason valley, L)on counly, has shut
down for the present, and will not re
sume operations until the piiro of cop
per advances, ns the company cannot
piolltnbly ptodiico It at present prices.
A force of miners, however, nro kept
nt work further developing tho mine
and expoilnif the available oro bodies
against tho heller time coming. At
Oolconda and other points, copper mi
ning goes uloug as usual, hy reusnn of
tho large percentage of gold rontnlnej
In tho oro The Ludwlg Is unfortunate
111 that icspect. conUlnlnc n. leaser
percentage of gold than any other cop
per mine In tho State not enough to
bo worth mentioning. Many of tho
ropper mines of Nevada were worked
years ago as gold and sliver mines, un
(11 thn base ores were strurk, which
nocpssltulod nneltlng, und copper he
camo tho principal pioduct, with gold
und silver us byproducts.
TONOrAH ORU IIUDUCTION.
Notwithstanding; tho recent brief
spill of storm weather, (ho tennis vveto
still enabled (o haul In oro from Ton
opah, slxly miles lo Sodavllle, for loll
road (mnsportatlon tn tho Nevada Ho.
duulon works at D.ijton, on Catson
river, whoia It is belnn icducol at the
rule of r.000 pel day, or 1160,000 per
month. Tho works run steadily night
and day, nnd Dijlnn Is u ciy llvily
place, '1 he lonipany contempl lie start
ing up another mill on Tiinoiwli ore, It
requlird Ijitest und most lompe-tent
estimates pluio (he amount of me on
tho leasers' dumps t Teinopah at about
25 000 tons, and Its gross value at about
13 000,000. Allow Iiik two.thhds of this
for expenses of cxtracllon, iraiihportn
(nn and mllllni-, 11 will leave 11,000 (WO
In the poikets or the on nets, and still
more, In case milling on the ground
should obviate the decieaso ot the lost
of (ransportadon,
With regard to Kltlntr a smelter In
theie, the best nuthoillles do not con
sldei thnt the best method of reducing
Teinopnh ores The) s.iy (hoy ate of n
slllcated nadire, containing the fuel re
quired. Theicfore t Is thai reduction
In stamp mills and the pi ex ess of amal
gamation, In connection wllh cyanide
Ircatmcut of (he tailings, Is tho mote
effectual, returning i higher peieent.
ugo of the values lonlulned In the ore.
Tonopah only contains noo or 600 peo.
pie, or ubout one-thltd the population
It had when the lrwsei nnd leasers
were In full blnst, Just befoie January
1st, when tho lenses nil cxphed by Ilm
Itstlon, nnd Just nbout that time the
pneumonia, epidemic w-us tetdns: In Its
work, extensively fulal bin bundled
miners suddenly out of woik had lo
consider whether It wero best to s(ay
and wait for moro work, or to seek a
more salubrious and healthy cllmet H'
theiefote. very man) well enough to M
leave departed, with many In other m
lines of business The Tonopah Bo. H
iiiusa ridicules them as having; "cold pH'
feet " but aii)s "The told feet boys ")
who left hero scared almost lo death, sB-
for fenr the) would ret sick and die, vHi
will soon begin tu leturn, as their feet B,
nie warming up a little sLvu
Another Hem In die samo Issue reads. M
On Thurnila) u sad sight wan wit. iB'4
ncssed bv out populace, that Is hoped (v
will never be seen In Tonopah again iLmv;
It was Ihe triple funeral of August Kl
.ldlemnn, James llahllt and William HI
Niwul" W
Ihieo funerals n day Is surely enough B
tn glvn llmlil pcnplo cold feet Hut fH
Iho llonnnxi Is right In expecting the H
cold fooled bo)s back again This fine H
rebrunry wenthei Indicating the np- H
ptoieh of Spring Is already sending tho H
Tonopah fortune hunters homeward, H
and In a very short time that grand LH
hurrah camp will bo livelier than ever H
Meanwhile, tho present management H
of the Tonopah Mining company haa H
token n practical hold on tho new- sit- pl
nation eoinmencliiK with (he sinking of ,(J
two working und prospecting shafts to H
develop (he depths of the property, and JjH
(he best way of getting nt Its marvel. 'fj
oils wealth of oro. Tho first sanitary H
proposition will be the bringing of a. H
Plentiful supply nf good water to the H
camp, next, Improved methods of pop- LH
ular transportation thlrther a railroad, H
as soon ns practicable. Hear In mind M
that Tonopih Is not a ear old. H
ALP DOTEN. 'H
ABOUT SHIPS AND SAILORS. M
B.T,'r.e''?'"nffl? Cf th0 Atnerlcan liner fH
Ht Paul, which has arrived at South- IH
ainpton nenrlv two dn)s overdue, hafl an ftH
unusual!) rough experience with wind. H
wave, nnd fog rjfjfjj
nfTvlJ;lilrch1",f,.0.f ,h.r slesmshln City IjjM
Shi?, e"' .'."'", ." ",0 ceanlc Steam-
nhtp company, which was tn hnvo taken raH
P aco at Hoach's shipyard. Chester, Pa .
al noon veslerda), was postponed until sH
JI0".',1.1,' l"c"ue of unfavorable weather IsH
cotiaitionn rH
HOW THEY EARN MONEY. H
Women Hnvo Novel Means of B.
plenishing- Their Purses. H
Jlost women the wives and daughters H
of welbto do men unually have a fixed H
?,."? lnco.,or. money which they may ex- pH
penu f0r th,),. own uses Of course, this "iH
siH?hncih.'5,not nl"v" ! moiigh to
ri,.'L Lhcm' nl"' 'Vny "" tlln means LB
St'l"rt.Jy 'omo ln increase tho umount. !
A ... "I'V'twake woman alwsys finds n iiB
i ,'.' 'i" "l13 w !"" h" tries She may H
have a danclng-class. or decorate china. pH
I".'. J'.l" m"k,M u, ?f ! tor millln' pB
cry bv; nlterlng, and sometimes entirely
trlmmlrg the hats of her friends, reaulr. IH
Ing In payment something moro sub- ftfsl
stantlnl than a mere 'thank oti" H
.-V,vr.nt "l the turn-over collar has IH
opened qultn a field tor the woman clever taB
with her needle, who embroiders these '
dainty accessories by hand for 25 cents
each finding n ready market among nc-
qualntanres whoso talents do not run
along these lines, ,"
Another young woman, whose sole
useful accomplishment Is the rather old-
fashioned one of knitting, does a thrlv-
Ing business In underskirts and slumber. '
rnlics , She has been asking nnd recelv.
Ing cacii ror th results of her Indus.
try hut It Is to ho feared that she will H
rot bo qultn so fortunate) In the future. B
as iho shops uro now offering these ar lfal
ii i "i r"le" '"wrr than she could poo- H
slbly afford " ' M
Laces wero never more benutlful nor ftfal
more lavishly used than thev are this IB
season, and tho presence of a ' lace-loom ' IH
upon the market promises wonderful sH
things to the woman who can use It, It facial
fa said that with this Instrument the pH
miking of Valenciennes nnd torchon
laees is easily learned ut home. This Is sfal
a new departure In thla country and Is ftfal
well worth trying. H
To ono who has the facilities and Is 'H
b eased with tho knack of raising (lowers sfsl
violet culture would he remunerative In IB
the highest degree In the opinion ot -sfsl
this column, however, those who are sue. faH
cessful with flowers are, nice poets, H
'born, nol made" Some persons never sH
can learn how lo deal with these lovely ,LH
numbers of tho plant world However, 'sfsl
everone trnij try. With each season the aH
dainty purple Mower haa grown In popu. fallal
larlly nnd It Is safe tn prophesy that this taal
MS,Vf.'.n"?lr" "'" ''""""e. Theprl?.; M
which it brings are enough tn encourage IH
nn)one in search of 'pin money' to at- raH
tempt Its culture. M
A Fox's Bit ol Strategy. H
A singular Incident took place ln tha aal
course of a run with Mr. Fcrnle'a aB
hounds from Haddington Oorse. The H
fox had nfforded a fairly ijood run, and sH
had carried hounds unto the flats be. H
tueen Klbvvorth nnd Lnngtnn station, sH
when scent smnowhat m)sterlous!y H
vanished on thn banks of the much. H
swollen btonk Tho huntsman was H
gieatly puzzled, for the pack had ppi
brought tho line very strongly down ppl
lo Just about whero they drew up. A pB
search was Instituted, howevci, end -pBJ
It was then discovered that the r,ic LBJ
had climbed up Into a (hick hedge, BJ
from which place of concealment and pVjl
temporary safety he vvas gazlnc down H
at the pack feathering nbout below,
Ho was, of course, dislodged, and In H
duo course rolled over.-London Chron- pflfl
She Knew Him. B
There lo a certain young man In tho pVX
old ilty hull who never nowada)s nl-
lows his temper to get rullled while at pB
the telephone.
A few da)s ago he could not sot tho pH'
number he desired. H
"Seo here, central, I'll report you," ipH
he shouted, ,B
"cou don't know- who I am," was the pH
composed teply, ,H
"Well, 111 Und out, and that blamed t
quick, too." ,
"I know you, though," came In soft, M
eny (ones, "I've seen your plilure, "pV
ou'rp nt the old city hall" 1
Tho young man plunged headlong '''pH
Into the (nip ,
"You havo?' he exclaimed delight- H
edly. "where, In the newspapers'" B
"No," vvas Ihe merry reply, 'on A pBJ
lobster can " 8t Louis Pont-Dlspalch. MM
What London Dre-thes. (laM
Iteally ularmlng Is (he account of MfpH
the London atmosphere given by tha l"BH
Hon. Hollo Itusiell In an artlclo on '
fogs printed ln tho now number ot
the Nineteenth Century nnd After. BB
Uxamliullon of (he suspended mutter BB
In London air discovered fragments ot WM
hay, plneivood, linen and cotton fiber. BB
feathers, skin and vegetable and mln. vBB
oral mattei In (he s(reela (tie ptln- rBB
clpal constituent appears to be finely BB
ground staple irunuie Compared with BB
(ho air over (he ocean microbe ar BB
presenl In (he laindnn atmosphere In BB
(he proportion of 11,000 to 1, BB
In a large (own H Is calculated (hat VBB
a man Inhales 87,000,000 germs In ten UBB
homa. In every Cubic Inch Inspired .BB
the l.ondnner has to deal with 10,000,. BB
000 particles ot tine dust Of all kinds, (
Instead of tho 31,000 present In moun. ,BB
tain air. Mr Itusiell estimates tht 'BB
Londoner are put to an unnecessary lflfl
expenditure of from thiee to live mll.'MBB
lions sterling a year hy reason of th ,:!
foulness of thu adnosphei e, London l jBB
AIdIU ; , vj jBBJ
i i i i tufiMySB
