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QNI3 DOLLAH PER Y33Alt SALT JL.AKI3 ClTY, UTAH, TlIlTHSDAY MOKSIXO, JAMJAUY 8, UK)!). VOL. I. Xo. '17. H
IE USES OF AND
PROFITjN MULE RAISING
1, writer desires to offer a fen timely suggestions on this much-negloeted
.,,. N glected, because so many people nine a wrong Idea of the ua of
M (i olltn In lalalng mules Mules are the moil profitable animals a farmer
.e localise thiy enn be rnlsed on one-hnlf or less feed than a home, and
f, in n market sooner. Thero Is ulwnvn a demand nnd a market for mules
four months and on
wrt s nothing that Ins so bright a future for profitable breeding nt present
j mule Any one who has had mules knows th it thero has not been a time
s ,n our recent hard times but thut he could hao sold them at n good
. mul ' being almost a legal tender.
-ysl Ing the fact it would certainly be to the Interest ot the stock-raisers
irm is to put their shoulders to the wheel and push this Industry while In
jam and make this one of the greatest inule-producing countries of the
I an i by so doing reap tho harest lliit Is duo us
,kln the rerorts given In this oar book. Department of Agriculture, gil
lie average value of farm animals In the United States for the list twenty
t find the value of mules to be from IB to S3 per cent higher thin horses
.( ihr entire period, and at no time has tho average value of tho mule been
,Hn that of the hoi so. taking the difference In the coil of raising the mule
jer nder will find the ndvnntago tn favor of the mule Is agreeably surprls.1
II 1 imind for mules exceeds the products by about 100 per cent, while we
irdurlng ubout five times the horses there Is a market for. Hence the per
,f UiTcaso In favor of the mulo In tho next twentj years will be greater
.a tli r it.
inn ever lost money In the mule business, ni they arc nlivnvs a Btnple
i at all times Don't be afraid tn rnlse mules, as there will itlvvajs be a
dtm ind for them and at good prices. Good mule tenms have sold the past
ifor Ji&O to $3M per teum, nnd still the demand and prices nie Increasing
if t me They are easy to nlse, easy to handle nnd easy to sell Tho mule
id and gentle nnd takes to kind treatment They nrc trj docile nnd when
lit anything will always remember. They can always be relied upon, as
ire vtr hand, ns jou seldom fee a sick or blemished one, arid when prop
hanulrd nnd broken, make one of tho most trusty and reliable beasts of bur
one jii have. A mule team can olvvajs be relied upon, as no nnlmal so
iljr r overs from labor nnd fatigue. This is why they are so valuable In
of or, as well as In tlmo of peace
the mule Is g-owing In favor every year, and Is being used over a larger
;?of t rritory than ever before No climate Is too severe for them. Nothing
tier ro good ns mules for the uses of this countrv They will llvo longer,
( and above all things, nro belt, r constituted for the labor of this country
ianv other animal could possibly be Their strength, patience nnd hardships,
'er r sturnge exposure. In short, nil the Ills to which animals are subjected,
the mulo a decided ndvautaro In thi farming States Indiana Tanner.
m AWAYJROM HOME
"vtn In the beautiful vallcss of this Intcrmountaln country, where nature
lea her sweetest smiles and pouis out unstinted rewnrd for toll, there are
me persons who long for "a change." If any of tho readers of the Inter
italn Tarmer have nn Idea that other places aro better than the homes they
they should rend nnd net upon the following from the Ohio Tanner, n con
Jon by a New York writer
There's no place llko home." Tarmeis and others who are dissatisfied with
location nnd surroundings, should visit other sections of tho country and
me conditions. Nothing will tend to make a man better contented with his
iSan to get awav from home, for no matter how fertllo the soli may bd away
ibis own farm, or how many advantages tho country he visits may possess,
tturns a bettor satisfied man and woiks with more Interest and courage for
change.
Pfoplo who are continually finding fault with their present conditions and
ij how much better this or that Is In romo other part of the country, aro
rally the ones who know little about mnlters outsldo of their own county.
It la a pleasure to look on the broad nnd fertile fields ot the West, extending
iras one can ace, nnd there Is a sense of prosperity In Beclng such extensive
Inn but tho thrift nnd tidiness of our Eastern farms, nnd the production of
rge share of the farm crops that are consumed Is, In many sections of the
t entirely wnntlng. And then, In the West there seems to bo more promt
t given to tho farm, whllo the home Is comparatively neglected. I am aware
the man who Is a successful farmer In tho Hast or clsewhero must work
plan regularly and earnestly, hut the man who establishes and maintains a
t for himself nnd family und makes It his lending thought, Is more to bo en
than tho owner of broid and fertllo acres producing Immense crops, while
comforts nnd conveniences of tho home nrc a secondury thought. If moro
r tould go nnd see with their own eyes tho conditions nder which others
r In different parts of tho country, they would come home nippier and moro
entcd nnd tho homes on the hills nnd In the vollejH would look better to
i hen a. man gets nn Iden that some particular State offers better oppor.
lies for prolltablo livelihood than his own, the soonei ho Investigates tho
ir And the more all of us get outside, the more we aro Impressed with tho
th t others have- troubles, mlJglvlnga and difficulties ns well a ourselves.
rt is nothing like tinvel to convince us that the placo we llvo In has Its ad
tircs for us.
SCRUB FARMERS.
Aurllcr In Colman'8 Rural World slics up sciub farmers and breeders pretty
I In tho following
"A few weeks ngo I was looking: at somo hoes, tho property of a young breed
'ho lias started out ' to show" men of oxpcrlenco how to do It. Now, I am not
'Un n, and am about as strongly prejudiced against hogs as John Randolph
iaif mat sheep, but six or eight weeks it year spent with scientific hog--der
has taught mc a few things. The young man had a 'registered tho
Ihbi d now In a 0x8 pen with a mud bottom. She vvus duo to fairow In three
k nd v as eating corn from under three Inches of water In a box tiough,
oh t ot tho water being to keep the blankcty-dashed hens fiom getting1 tho
I 1 uggcalcd that perhaps a feed or two ot bran would do the bow good, nnd
'Informed thut nlie was gittlng n teaspoonful of Dr. Cheatem's patented hog
4 once a day, and that ho would probably have ten pigs worth 5 each. I
silnco lenrned that she had one-tenth of ten pigs, nnd It died, nvery word
ila hog story la truth, friends, and I very much doubt wh her John Jamison,
oLewls, Dr. lilting nnd Judge Trost could have taught u it young man uny-
"ln tho past twelve jears of Institute work I have visited many of the heat
Jn breeders of lino stock, and in every ease I havo found tho most successful
'to bo the men who bought nnd lead tho books nnd papers bearing upon this
ftMlon, and whenever I found a man who Inclined to sneer at books, ut farm
rs nd ut tin) agricultural college or experiment station nnd Its work. I found
t man's herds and (locks lacking In something.
D lit ytnifl ugo n man took it noted cxpeit Judgo and mjself six miles to
o his herd, und ho put In all the tlino on the road In making fun of farm
and papers Ills objoct etas to get our recommendation of a herd of Bcrub
'Mill J he failed to do It. II' also fulled In business as a breeder after he hnd
nd d u lortune, and now cams a living as clerk of a second-dnss hotel.
n from htm lived n jaung mnn who worked his way through a farm
l and vote Unary college This man Is now the manager of a largo estate,
t' prlvllego of practicing his piofcsslon, a privilege worth perhaps 13000 a
I in d this morning that tho oung man who took most of tho piemiums
poultiy show has ntout every book on poultry that he could hear of, and
it Mat llvo chicken papers. Ho sold four cockerels at ". to HO each, and
1 . foi om piimlum bird One man had every entry disqualified and he
"h Judgo Mid not know n good bird fiom a bad one.' C. D. IiON.
lillzlLsport. O., Dec. 22, IV '
INTER-MOUNTAIN
MARKET REPORT.
Office of Cleaielsnl Commission Com
ianv IV West S cond Pitilli street, b lit
I.iikn t'lt, January I It)
There Is nothing new In the grain
mnrket Oats nnd wheat are a trifle
weaker and the demand Is small Re
ceipts are equal to requirements and
prospects point to lower prices Jlllllng
wheat brings 80 cents per bushel sacked
In this market, but Is weak and will
probably decline to about 73 cents Oats
are bringing SI 30, but we expect to see
them roll for less soon Corn sells for
H 15 per hundred sacked f. o b cars
Utah and Idaho common points Large
quantities nrc being bought by cattle
and bliecpnicii. The open winter has
greatly reduced tho demand for hay
nnd the market Is weak There Is a
good demand for alfalfa seed with verv
little offerlnz.
CLEAVHI. WD COM. CO.
Cater to the Demand.
In selling anj kind of farm produce,
the first thing Is to find out what the
market demands, then cater to It There
I no use of questioning the reaons for
this demand or trying to chnnrre It to
suit one's own taste or convenience
In marketing eggs If those with
white shells are wanted It is best to se
lect or keep a breed that will produce
eggs of this color. Not long ngo I over
heard a farmer arguing with a custo
mer In the v lllage In reran! to tho col
or of eggs. The bujer Insisted on hav
ing white-shelled eggs and was wllllin;
to pay a fair price for them; said that
most of his trade preferred them, on ac
count of the white creamy appearance,
but the farmer said the blown ones
were Just as good, fullj ns large, and
his folks thought they were richer than
the ivhlte eggs The result was tint the
farmer did not leave any eggs nt that
place that day. nor piobabl) will not In
the future as his argument In favor of
brown eggs made an unfavorable Im
pression on the mind of the buyer The
latter wanted white eggs nnd was
lound to hnve them If possible even It
he hsd to paj n little premium to get
them, nnd the farmer who comes along
with whlto shelled eggs, or tho ono who
Is willing to produce them, Is the man
who will get the benefit of the advance
In price This taste for eggs with white
sheila may1 be n mere whim or caprice,
but Its existence Is sufficient excuse for
the poultryman to meet It.
Just so with dressed poultrv, It that
with jellow skin sells belter than white
skinned, It Is unwise to trj to force
the latter onto a customer with view of
building up any regular trade. A grcnt
many people aro ver firm and set In
their way about keeping one partleulnr
kind of n fowl and It seems to bo Im
possible to convince them thnt nearly
all varieties hive romo claims that
make them valuable to practical breed
ers, either for eggs or meat,
I believe itbat It Is far better In the
long run to furnish people Just what
they think they want, or ns near as
possible, and then charge them well for
letting them have their own way These
seem like simple, and may be absurd Il
lustrations, but they go to show a gen
eral principle which must be followed,
not In poultry and eggs nlone, but In
ever thing Tho lurge city markets rep
resent the whim nnd fashion of the pub
lic and the farmer who can study the
demands nnd nntlclpato them will make
monc The farmer should study the
markets so closet). If possible, that he
can draw pretty good conclusions for
the future, for It Is by anticipating tho
demands of the people that big profits
are made This Is true In nlmost every
line of business V. M. Couch.
Early Castration,
in some sections of the country breed
ers are practicing the castration of colts
slicn weanlings. Tho reason nsslgned
Is tho minimum loss Incident to the op
nation performed ot that age It Is
also contended that emasculation per
formed nt un early age Improves the
aDoearanco and stimulates early ma
turity. The practice Is objectionable,
as It gives the animal too effeminate
appearance. Tho gelding should pos
sess considerable crest and display
masculinity to sell well for a rondster.
Tho former practice among breeders
vvns to castrate colts when J jears old,
allowing them to run entire until their
two-)eai-old form developed the neces
sary crest nnd Improved the general
personality of the soungsters. Untlro
colts as two-senr-olds display moro
substance, bono and substantial confor
mation than when gelded ns weunllngs
or jearllngs. Colts give no annoyance
until 2 years old nnd the operation does
not havo to be performed until that
ngo to prevent the colt from doing mis
chief. To emasculate a colt at too cany
an ago makes It effeminate In general
conformation. The head and neck nro
delicate, the bones light, und the en
semble lacks Impresslvencss and per
sonality of masculinity. For tho mar
ket, to develop the most lupular form,
castration should not be performed un
til the nnlmal Is 2 years old; then tho
equine form of pronounced masculinity
Is eslabllshed;
The Teats of Chicken Tanclers.
The American Standard of Perfection,
as drafted and copyrighted by tho
American Toultry association, contains
the names of 110 varieties of fowls, US
of which ore duo to the development of
man Ool made only one a homely,
wild thing which made Its home In tho
Jungle along with the reBt of primeval
creation. Uy Intelligent breeding fan
ciers havo produced fowls of nil sties,
from thu diminutive bantam to the
mammoth bronze turkey, one a tiny bit
of feathered vanity, weighing only a
few ounces, and the other u bulky fowl
weighing from forty to sixty pounds
as much ns a hnlf-grown boy. Results
equally wonderful havo been accom
plished In eolor effects. Thero are va
rieties In red, black, blown and while,
with nearly all possible combinations,
1 besides buff and Andaluslan blue. The
m WW MWmi Ira
If xJbrimm
HON. JOHN II. SEELY
Tresldtnt Rambulllet Association of America.
fanciers have shown that they can lace
stripe rpnngle or bar tho feathers of
their birds In anj wuv to satlsf) their
Individual fnncj In fact, about nil
the have left undone Is to put their In
itials on the feathers of their birds
Leslie s .Monlhlj
Exercise Necessary for Cheep.
Sheep should spend ns much time ns
possible outside for the soke ot exer
cise as well ns to escape confinement
Sheep naturally like the open nnd
should be fed a good deal of their food
outside Rustling outside gives a vigor
nnd tone that are especlall necessary
to breeding ewes 1 hey should bo kc t
In good muscular condition, as mo ioo
tus will share the same properties Ap
petite and digestion nllke arc Improved
by exercise nnd fresh air Surfeit of
food without cxerclso entails weakness
and disorders with ewes thit aro In
lamb There Is usually no loss by out
tldc feeding Most farmers feed larger
quantities of rough fodder only a small
part ot which Is actually consumed nnd
this can be placed before the sheep In
quantities more easily outside th in In
side rattening lnmbs nnd wethers
which are to be finished up quickly nre
better In closer confinement and In
warmer quarters
School Dresses.
The mental effects of clothing are far
reaching, nnd children will not nppenr
at their best nt school or elsewhere If
they know they urt not looking their
best. The practice of weurlnj soiled fin
ery to school ennnot bo too strongly
deprecated, and If tho girls must take
theli last reason's Sunday dress for
school wenr, remove all unnecersary
tn nmlngs nnd mike them ilnln, neat
nnd comfortable It helps their self-respect
to know that the aro as well
dresed as their companions wlo have
pretty clothes to wear, nnd su-h pretty
waists and sklr's can be mo'ie from old
material that It Is seldom necerrary to
rend the girls to school wearing shabby
or Ill-fitting dresses. Some woolen fab
rics wash ns well as cotton goods, nnd If
a woolen dress skirt becomes much
soiled, put It In the wash tub and wash
It ns ou would n piece of calico nnd If
It draws up In the process pleco It down
with o bias fold or a row of braid Somo
dusty black material was made Into a
scdvlcenble school skirt b recolorlng It
a Jet black with Diamond dje for wool
and a pink enshmcro wulst vvns trans
formed Into a nlco school waltt by col
oring It a rich dark red Good patterns
ale cheap nnd some mothers seem to
think It n pleasure rather than a task to
make pretty new garments from old
material and they not only save the old
cloth but the (foliar and cents.
Solomon Didn't Know.
A man with strong opinions of his
own as to the fitness of things Is gar
dener and mna of all woik to n minis
ter In n rurnl parish In Scotland. Ono
boisterously windy day tho clcrgvmnn
dlspntched a messngt to his servant to
sow a portion of a field known to them
both ns the ' bank." In no very nmla
blo mood the man made his way to tho
"Da'o je wnnt mo to bow tho bank?'
ho Inquired somewhat sternly.
"Yes, John, I do," replied his mnRtcr.
"Yo canna bow In slch a day o' wind,"
explained John.
'Well.' replied the minister, "jou
know bolomon says, 'He that consider
cth the wind will not sow.' "
"I dlnna care a button what Solomon
sajs," John returned lratel "I fancy
he kens ns llttlo about fanners' work
ns je dne or he wadnn hai-sild ony
such thing Naebody but daft folk wnd
think o' sowln' In slch wind Solomon
mnv say what he likes but him and jo
both wadna mak' a guld ploughman be
tween "
And the 'bank" was not sown thut
day London Tlt-lllts.
1'armeru Should Read.
Reading will bo of llttlo use without
conversation, onl conversation will bo
apt to run low without rending. Read
ing fills thi lnmn and conversitlon
lights It Reading la the food of the
mind nnd conversation the cxerclso
And, as all things nre strengthened by
exercise, so Is the mind b) conversation
Thero wo shako off the Tust and stiff
ness of a retired scholustlo life Our
opinions nre confirmed or corrected by
tho yood opinions of others, points aro
oigued, and frequently hints atnrted
which, If pursued, would lead to the
most userul truths, like a vein of sllvei
or gold which dltccts to u mine. Wash
ington Times,
Heavy Ram Contest.
We doubt It there lias even, been n
prlre offered for a sheep th it tins creat
ed such widespread Interest In nil sheep
breeding countries as the JI0O offer
made by the international Stock Tuod
company for the heaviest lam III the
world The announcement was made
early Inst winter nnd leidlng breeders
In Kngl-ind Cannda and the United
States commenced to prepare rnuis for
the contest Ilenrj Duddlng. the great
llngllsh Lincoln bleeder, who has midu
the worlds record for selling two Lin
coln tarns nt $8000 each and S 13 Dean
& Sons, the celebrated Donsby Hall
breedeis. both fed rums for this prlio
Tiank Hauling brought over the Dili
ding ram and he tipped the beam at tot
pcurds In quarantine but died on the
second day after his arrival 8 K Dean
S. Sons shipped n Doivsb Hall ram
weighing 480 founds prior to shipment
at Liverpool This ram reached ejuebce
In good shape, but died a few clnjs la
ter l'ark S. Son, the Canadian Crtts
wold breeders, were ready vvlthn Cots
wolJ rum weighing 460 pounds, but
thought they wcie beaten and did not
enter him Patrick llros fed a Dud
dlng bred Lincoln ram. that weighed
413 pounds November Wth the day set
for the taking of welrhts John Olbson.
the Canadian Lincoln lucedir, sent
weight of a 407 pound ram and George
McKcrrow. the well-known Oxford
Down Importer nnd breeder, mnde alll
davit to the weight of a 406-pound Ox
ford mm, S P llnncock of Williams,
la, sent "proof of n Cotswold ram that
cleared the beam at 330 iHiunds, and
Hans Abeld of Wauconda, S D , fur
nished nllldavlt for a ram weighing 30)
pounds, but did not stnte the breed Ao
rordlng to the rules of the contest, Pat
tick llros received the check for J100,
nnd their rani was shipped to the great
ntnrk farm of the international Stock
rood company at Hamilton, Minn
Without doubt the Lincoln ram sent
over b Messrs Denn . Sons would
have weighed HOO pounds and over, but
tho loner, hard voynro proved too much
for him Tho International Stock Tood
company own the lnrt.eBt horse, cow
nnd hog In the world Mr Suvngo re
cently purchased the world's greatest
pacer, Dan Pntch pajlng 100 000 for
him American Sheep llreeder.
Tho Value of a Single lien.
It requires much time nnd patience to
breed a line up to anything upproach
Ing perfection, but once uttnlned the re
ward Is well worth tho effort Single
hens lull told In this country for as
much as M1, while In llnglnnd J 1000 has
been paid for a Hngle specimen The
breeder docs not depend for his leturns
altogether upejn fancy prices for his In
dividual birds, however lie profits by
the Increased productiveness of his
flock? Tor Instnnce, In the matter of
egg-laying It miy be ilted that the ave
rage American lion Injs about one hun
dred eggs per enr The pructlcal poul-tr-man
Boes In for better results nnd
gets them, Numerous lnstnncen show
whole ffocks with on nvcinge of two
hundred to the hen per jenr un In
crease ot 100 per cent Leslie a Month-1.
Sheep Death on Weeds.
Of the COO weeds nnd grosses growing
In tho Northwest, writes Pi of. '1 homos
Shaw, It Is estimated by those that
made a study of It that sheep will eat
li7G of them whllo horses consume but
82 and cattle only DO A sheep a stom
ach Is the most perfect receptacle that
was ever mado for weeds It Is Buro
death to every form of weed life No
weed seeds retain the power of resur
rection after having been burled In that
living sepulcher, the stomach of a sheep
The Post Check.
One of tho measures now pending In
Congress Is that which piovldes foi
what Is known ns "Post Creek Curren
cy," which la Intended to furnish a
practical and convenient method of
sending small sums of money by mall
A great dtal has been written on tho
tubject and the proposed measure has
the universal Indorsement ot the press
as well as tho business Interests of the
country The 'Post Clu ' t'urrinoy"
Is In effect a greenback . mlna-
tlons from 25 cents to J puiw.es
current like any other it II th
holder writes In a spa the bark
the nomo of a person i whom he
wishes to send It by mall It then be
comes prijable to the pujee only, nnd
on his Indorsement Is deposited In the
bank and gats ba Washington
throjgh tho usunl rhnnnels and la do
etrojed. ail "mutilated cunency,"
jJm:.i '. crt.i.'ii-LK-tti;.JuaLj "L.'M's,
IMPORTANCE OF KIND- I
NESS IN STOCK RAISING I
A quick-tempeied man Is never n successful stockman, nnd no more la a fid- .' B
gelv, nervous mnn No one i an handle stock und get the best nut of th.m who $ H
If not In theeonfldence of Ihc anlnmls There Is not nn animal on the farm that H
la not worth n grvnttr cash valuo If Ha owner inn be on terms to be nlwnv'- g'ven 1 H
a welcome whenever he iimv o nenr It 'lliuld. frightened, net vous creuiuroa nro I H
larely piolltnble to keep The) are Invariably poor, ultlmugli they in ly consume U H
more feed thnn It will lequlre to keep a gentle und (ontenlitl animal Man Is not H
the onl nnlmal that worn consumes, iwvs II P Wagner In Pat Ific Homestead 'H H
We read much nbout the vnlue ot kind treatment tn tho dalrj eOw. This Is 9j H
well undei stood, and It Is one of the rules net down to bo followed by tho cm H
ploees of every successful dalrjmnn T10 rute i, jUH, n8 important with tho g H
farmer with onlj three or four nilleh rows He cannot get the best results from Sj H
n cow she la capable of giving If he must drive her Into the corner of the )ard, J H
tic her to a fence and pound her Into submission with the mill, sluol before cveiy R H
milking If tho cow Is e xi liable nnd nervous It la certainly a oor wa to gain f H
her confidence bj jelling, swearing in and pounding her Yet this Is the way H
many farmers break their town If she has been Heated kindly by hei owner 5 H
from the da of hei birth and has lcnrned to expect only kindness from him, she f H
will readily ncqulesce to his wlshis iiml the brcnklng process be nn easy Job Hut 'c H
from her calfhood she may have hnd every iiason to four her iivvnci He taught 1 H
her the I roresa of gulping milk Instead of taking It as nature Intended Sho vvns (t H
dragged away from her mother by no gentle hand nnd allowed to bawl for holt B H
a da to get hungrj Then a bucket of warm milk vvns brought to her. which j H
nenrl made her forget the "dreadful being' who brought It Hut whe quickly if H
forgot the milk when the 'being' inuhht her by the ears and Jammed her head I H
Into the milk up to her ojes nnd held It there till she choked, strangled and Strug- f H
Kled loose bho got no inllk, however, thnt feed, but before her "patient and L H
considerate" owner went nwnv she got sundry kicks ami blows. Of course, she f H
giewupniunt Anjthlng but lunl), scrubby atodt would seem out of placo on H
tl.la man a fnim H
It would be next to an Impossibility for him to raise horses A colt under his H
care would bo mined before It was old enuugh for breaking It not then It most H
certainly would should he attempt to break It Of course, he bus horses,, but H
the) arc of the nil, worn-out tpc The new niilmnls ho bujs may be In good H
condition, but he soon takes that nut of them An Intelligent nnlmal soon learns H
his drlvei a wciva nnd knows what Is expected of him, hut tills mnn a horses, H
when ho happens to bo out of sorts, are Jtrkcel jelled nt nnd benten until tho H
spirit Is out ot them iiml they become but old plugs. Such teams cannot nccom- ' H
pllsh hilt tho work well-enied-for nnd klndl -treated Ikuhih will do H
A man whose hogs receive nothing but kicks and blows Nv 111 never succeed H
111 the milno-rulstng business The man who ia not on the best ot terms with Ills H
sowa will loso mail) llttirs of pigs. If not the sows thcimvlves, that he might k H
have saved had the nnlmal not been afraid ot him And It she distrusts him It H
will bring out nil the vlclousncsa of her nature whenever ho cumes near tn feed H
or core for her nnd In her trampling nnd worrjlng somo of tho little fellows will (' H
be sure to get hurt Sows with pigs too joung tu get nut of the way should bo H
kept as quiet as possible. This tan never bo If she fears or distrusts her attend- H
tints H
A sheep will never do well unless klndlj treated They nre tho most timid ot H
farm animals, and villi suffer most If attended by one whom they tenr or cIIb- H
trust In fact, so Important la the ncrctistty of being on friendly terma with the H
Hock, that ony farmer who Is not, and hla tcihtci la "such that he cannot get on H
friendly terms with them, hnd better sell out He will never succeed In Bhccp- j H
raising If as all Hock-owners know. It la of Importances to keep doga and such H
worrying nnd scaring unlmnls nwny from tho Hock, how much more so It la that H
the one they must look to foi lure and pioteclbin should not bo nn object of fear t H
and nnnoyniicencTthein? '1 ho dof on tho farm can bo nn Intoler iblo nuisance or t H
tho valued assistant of the fanner, nnd trained with pntlencc It depends upon H
the farmer himself which It shall be A cur should not bo kept on any farm, but J H
If n joung dug Is taken by the farmer und trnlned with patience and kindness, 'j H
It will becomo of Inostlmnblo worth. It Is better by fur to shout a dog than 111- ' H
tieat him i H
Tattenlng animals should be nlwnjs kept ns quiet ns possible, nnd In no way H
frightened or excited, Tho mnn who can pass among his nnlmals and be foi- H
lowed nbout by them, or who Is nble to 1,0 up and pat ono of them, will generally H
bo n successful feeder. Ills kindness to his stock saves feed and adds many dol- j H
lars tn the Income from his business ns a feeder. ig H
Kindness to nnlmals may not bo natural to somo men. There Is more or less I H
of tho Ijlant In most men's nntures nnd unless It Is held In check It will show j H
ttrelt with the crcntures under his authority, and llko many bnd habits, It grows j H
and develops Hut the same may be paid ot kindness to nnlmals. This habit 8 H
may bo ncqulrcd as well and It will pay nny fnrmer to cultivate Unless pa- ( 11
tlence nnd kindness nrc given stock, no man haa tho right to bo master of It. I Vt
CMMOTH INVESTS I
GATIONS IN IDAHO 1 1
C 11 Simpson, special agent of the Agricultural department, who ape-nt sov- f M
era! months In Idaho, has Just submitted n report on codlln-moth conilltlona In M
Idaho 1 Ills report has been Issued In, printed form, and deals extensively with M
the question that la of such lmiortancc to tho Idaho fruit-grower. Tho report M
sujb In part: M
"There haa been In tho past an ide prevalent among the fruit-growers of tho M
Parlfla Northwest that the codlln moth can bo exterminated. That Idea Is at M
rret nt held ly only a few. The writer has always said that ho believed It Im- M
practicable to entirely eradicate this Insect from it large area. In an Isolated or-. fl
chard thero are strong hopes that It can bo done Next season an nttempt will M
be made to cxtcrmlntc the Insect In I. II. Purine's orchard at lllue Lakes. Tills M
01 chard Is practically Isolated, and nil methuds will bo used. The very1 general M
reBUlt that can be expected In Idaho In to control tho Insect so that Its ravage b H
'vlll not exceed 10 per cent. There nro somo localities In Idaho whero tho moth j H
baa not yet apppeared. By keeping all lnfcated fruit und old apple boxes away j IH
fiom theBo localities, Immunity may bo secured. In other localities at high al- - 1 H
tltudea Budden freezes will sometimes reduce the numbeia of the Insects to such I V . H
as ixtent It taken two or three enls for It to nguln becomo Injurious. Trult- I '.y
growers In these loculltlea should usu tho utmost vigilance and at the first ap- I H
penranie ot tho Insect, remedies should bo applied and thu Insect exterminated it H
possible. When the wormy fruit la picked In the full, It always contains larvae ' ' H
In different stages. This fruit Is stored and tho Insects complete their growth ' M
and Bpln their cocoons In the nngles of tho Iwxes and III cracks of tho building. fi
In tho spring, Immediately after emerging, the moths seek tho nearest orchard.
Where applea are stored In great quantities the fruit on tho nearest trees la all J
damaged. Two well-marked cases of the resulta of Btorlng apples were noted In
Idaho In 1900. Ill both cases tho npples grow Ing nearest the apple-house were all H
wormy. In ono caso they were evidently Infested In this way for abuut five rows H
toward the center and nbout fifteen rows along tho sldo of the orchard. In 1001 !
this place waa still tho worst plice ot Infestation In one orchard. These condl- H
tlona may easily bo prevent! d by shipping npples Immediately after picking, and (
destrojlng the culla. if the fruit must be stored, tho windows and holes In tho I
storehouse should be Bcreened. Tho moths will collect at theso screens and may j
easily bo crushed, or If tho houto Is so tight that they cannot escape, they may
be left to die
"Many fruit-grow era have committed n grave error In regard to tho crops of
young orchards. The first erop Is nlwajs smalt, and many do not think It worth i
while to use means ngolnst tho moth for that season, Tho next season's crop Is
usually larger, and ulwnys has a large percentage of wormy apples If, how
ever, the grower had dentrojed mot of the worms thq previous season, the sec
ond 'crop would have Buffered hut llttlo loss ,
It has often been observed In Idaho that the apples In orchards In which tho
trees were Inlgated by Hooding were less wormy than those In orchards which
nro Irrigated by ditches. Single tries or blocka of trees tu grounl that Is con- ,
tlnually moist bear less wormy fruit than those which nre Irrrlgated only occo
slonally. Iho only explanation offered for these facts ia that the larva will not
snln Its tocoon In n moist place, and that molsturo favors the de reaso of tho In- ;
sect. Whenever possible, tho writer advises that the ground Immediately
around the trees be kept moist, especially when tho larvae aro Hplnnlng their
cocoons In great numbers Caro must bo taken In Jolng this, us too much water
will eventual!) either (seriously injure or kill tho trees."
J
