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FATE. The skir le cz dd. the roek- are bare! The spay ri the tempet is white in air; The wmndz 1r ,at with the wax0ve at play, And I shall no: tenpt tie seu to-day. The tr:is th r. v:. ;' te woo is dim. The i4otuwr ei;,:: to the hing linb: And'the lion' whrl- arc abioi at Play, And 1 slll not jin in .t chase to-day. sth hp d aely over the sea. : -n( came iromn the chase in Am t (1, ti, n that was buiiled upon a 11z:. on uin the earthquatke shock. -Dret Harte. A NIIIT ON THE PUY4LALLAM. -E+0-0-0-4 By OTIS IA NDSEER SEIBERT. Lwild baIsts are now mch more afraid of men An in former tiles. anc tii dread of mankind has einesed as hitumani weal) ins ne rown monre deadly. Once and c only have I seen a panthe: that was other than a skulk jnf-. Tiimo:2Ous brute. intent only On esa:!e. It w: tifteen years ago., on tio 0;Inpie shore and range, south of t!:e Steamt of Juan de Fluca. I then hlid a kind of roving (omimission from 1te Slitlsolaan Institution. I was but twenty-two. and was thus put on my naittie t( penetrate unvisited quar ters et tbe world and keep my eyes And that time. the region was a ver itable terra :incoznita. On the map it is termed Clzilani County. but for a hundred miles east and west. particu larly among the mountains,. it was then as primitive and savage as when our race rirst set foot on the continent. It was one vast tangle of brush and rot:ng tree trunks, which gave way like wet paper underfoot. letting the unwary explorer through into unsus pceted holes, where he might. very pos sibly. tind himself in the lair of a griz z!y that had never yet learned gun fear. Bears and panthers were the monarchs of this solitude. Hutanly-speaking. too, it was a law less coa t. Seattered along the shore. often legues apart. were a few "lookouts" of otter-hunters. who were a law unto theraselves. and did not hes iLate to send a far-killing bullet after those who intruded on their "ranges." The tiakes of a few Victoria fisher men might bv stumbled on during the season. About the river mouths one 'would at times catch glimpses of an Indian canoe. or a thin line of smoke rising at sunrise or sunset. But the forest was. too dense. rank and tangled for good hunting, and the Indians and half-breveds here were mainly those whnom mnurdea or other crimes had ren dered outcasts. In some expectation of finding the precious metals, I had been trying to reach a high mountain valley, visible from the coast, by ascending the gorge of the Puy-Clallamn. from Port Town send. in a sailing dory, which carried ny small kit and stoeg of provisions. - ~ A little way up the tidal portion of the river I had come upon an old log hut, in a seeluded nook of the shore. !t had evidently been deserted for sev eral y ars, but it s:>rved mec as a base for my tramp)s up the gorge. On the night of my story I had returned to it rather lnte and thoroughly tired. after a solitary jartnt of twenty miles or more. I piut en half a salmon to boil in my poeelain kettle, over a fire which a rock and the end of the hut shelttred. itmd I also made a skilletful of hot "breakfast food:" this, with su gar' and a spoonful of diluted canned milk. appeased my hunger a little. till the salmon was cooked. Meanwhile dutsk had fallen. a-td the swarmning mos~gutOes drove me to don not aind glov s. The hum of thousands of thLese inseCte blended wvithi the dis tant rea r ot rtpids *up the river. T0 eat rn': salmon 'npeace it was neces sar wt t snmoke out the hut and r.aire insideC-fo kthe inlme(t pfsis daishid blidi iV my lattert and into nmy mont:h. 'Tim m~oon was not vet quite in sight over ine wCoded moutin across the streamt but its light was slowly diffus iag itseif m hwart the wilderness: and present: i hea rd two sea-otters minu inz at e-l' otLi'r down in Little Tay. Th~ley St f.2ied to be close ini to the shoie: a adt as my supper had revived Tao considerably. 1 took my caribine antd stppted: Ctside'. It was possible. I thought. to get a shot at them as the looni one up: and a son-otter pelt may I v~It! e cuple of hundred do] My "-ttle :*c ing fire laid burned down.' and I seuffe some~ loose sand over it w~ith' my foot as I stoppedi to lisiya 'ote ot 'rs again. But a dense gus 0f m~ouitoes dashed into my facO aLs i e there: :andt reflecting that 1 n ight have to lie or stand otuiet 10r son: lit t:ime if I stalked lie otters5. Iwent ilackt inside for my head nlgaua-t 1 2.1 <na of the hut as 1 did 5o. for' t Io:a wa a t lie other' end. It t1:.; 1:- aImitde or two to find amn:: tit: 2:-' net in the dar'k inter'ir' of tI' *N: I-ut I was (0om ig Out whenl not :vtm '- away. I discovered glow liama!<in the obiscurity:I It was B.:he e t ofer'ouchai: to' br *t as u ewit se!/hi; 5) t1 -- its jun. :.:''1 ' lepe bac(k mioj . th- but and s~m s1 Sedoor. TI h: s I m sparie. Thei least 'cim- I.......aist the; doo~r wiih a : vicha ti- :aIVl hurledi it ba-k :2nd ice I yt:dOn'so* I s't miy b ek the en: :1. i. lhI it fast. yelling all the wh ile. :oscare~ the crecatur'e away:t. Ruit my -e did ot frighi'tn It ini the le-:: . W~le:r gr'owltin it dug and2( tore at '6do with it nail. It i-venf triedi to > the- 'arth away'2 benath~ it. inl im'' Eh:: I in e'apedl on tihe roof. Ct the t i Ic Da of 'h I'ut. and myi~ I for a lozr benen in the hut to set against the door. I feared that the beast would i tear a iole in tile rooZ and sprig down on me: but the thick. matted mass of sodden hom:-hs 'aha rrased it. All the time I W'-s shoming avdy. aind I nule ha ste to Strike a whole card of mtches. hoping that the odor of brimstoie or the la of light would de!er th1 beast fro-n its attack. But immediatoly it ca d'iing at the door again,. as if transported by feroeity, and again I thr:v Imly weight aginist tile inside of the door, for I dared not Itust to the helc'h. My disgust with myself for being sicht a fool as to leave my earbine out sde ca (tsily be llilaginetd. I was at my wits. (nd to know how to beat the creature off. Plainly it was bold from hunttiger. atnd had to doubt smelled my salmon. half of which was onl a sielf just inside the hut door. I had thoughts of throwing tile tisht out to it, and then tn idea ea:me into my mind. For preserving the skins of birds and small animals I had taken along a inantity of arsellic in a bottle. When the violence of the creatur "s efforts at the door had subsided and it was rae ing round the hnt again. I hastily cut a deep -as'h in the fish with lily klife: then. striking another matfli. I pUt in as mitch a twenty grains of tih' poison. By this time the ,!nimal was on the roof again, scratching and sniarling and snufflilg. Opening the door a little. I filng out the salillolt. I had scarcely dotte so when, pounce! cameit the beast to the ground. With a sniff and snarl it seized the fish and ran ol a little way. Not so far, however. but that I could hear it eating, its te-,th gritting on the backbone. There must have been five or six pounds of the fish: but within hal!f a minute the animal was back. sniffing about the place for more. I listened anxiously. It jumped on the roof again, then prowled round the hut. Presently there came an interval of frigltful stacento screech! Then fol lowed some lofty tumbling all over the ground about the lit, enlivened by the most blood-curdling yells it is pos sible to imagine! Peeping out, I caught glimpses of what occurred. Sometimes that poor brute went ten feet in the air, then it clawed up the earth and brush, turned wild somer saultts. and tore and bit its own flesi. It tried in vain to vomit forth the poison. If not hard-pressed in self-defense. I would never administer arsenic to ally living creature. Pathetic moans succeeded the screeches, and then the suffering ani mal dragged itself to te stream. where I heard it nloisily lapping water: and after that the end came very soon. Fancying that its mate might have been attracted by the yelling. I hastily secured my carbine and stayed inside the hut till morning. At sunrise I found the creature dead. less than a hundred yards from the place where it drank. It was, as I had supposed. a mountain-lion, or pan ther, a big male that would have weighed two hundred and fifty pounds. I am sure, and probably one that had never before seen a human hbing, or learned aught of the deadly guile of man.-Youth's Companion. Cultivate a Pleasant Voice. Kind hearts are more plentiful than persistentily kind and gentle voices. and yet love loses much of its power when the voice is sharp anid harsh. Try, therefore..most earnestly to ac quire a pleasant tone i speaking. anld guard yourself carefully from failing into careless and bad habits of voice. Often a sharp voice shows far more ill-will than the heart feels: but peoph' do not know that the speaker's "bark is worse thtan her bite." and thle y b~e lieve her to be ill-tempered and dis agreeable. It is very easy to pick up a sharp an ld snappish manner of speaking. Very often it is acquired in mirth, and in tile playful battles of words. in which boys and girls delight. There is nto malice in their sallies, anld a great deal of full: btut. meanwhile, the voice is often acquirinlg a sharp and shrew ish tone, which clings through life, making it stir up strife and ill-will among its listeners. So be careful of the tone in whic'h you spcak, atnd be cet'tain that it is gentie and1 sweet. A kind voice is like umsic in the homte. and is to the ilcart whattt light and beauty are to the eye. New York Weekly. Do;ts in the Ambulance Service. Thte Austr'o-H-ungarian War' Dozs' Club has just held its first show of dogs for war and ambliulance service. The highest ofiet's of tile army wit nessed the performances of tihe dogs. Soldiers had dispersed all over tile tild of action. atnd were concealed behind htedges, amon~g shrubs and bushes. These were supposed to be the wound ed. The dogs found them all, and cithmer stayed wvithl them atnd barked if the trainers were 'near' enough to hear' them. or ratn for the tratiner when thte distance was too Jong. Then they were sentt w~itirnmessages conttainted ini a lcket fastened to thteir collar's. to which they had to bring antswers5. Newv York World. Sincere Quackery. A rather remarkable case of sini(ctre ijuac(ker'y. wicht perhtaps may nt. he as r'are ats is generally suippose'd. oe eturre'd int Lontdon~ some tiim'etago. An old hady sued Sir William Broad lent. a leading London pr'actitioner,. beeause he refused to bty or' ttry her elixir. Thtis "was no common r'etmtdy.v b einug free from those minteralIs wich' arc thte t'oot of all cv'l. but thte skiilfutl blendintg of an herb of whtich medical ment know nothtinez." Needless to sa:. the' old lady lost her case, which she p icaded in persot. 11cr sineity was her a pae th': ic raether thani a ridiculou.s Rtussian Diplomatic Sirens. Th ie Russian G;overnmeiunt, too, is also0 retrsenited ablroad1, inot only by its am bassadors, hur by unoflicial diplomats of a most interesting description. "a corps d'ecite of. ladies who are de 'spatc hed to the various capitals of the w orld. In W\ashington Czardom lhas no less than tell of these ladies. Th1ey (enterCtait lavishly. and the(ir' drawinlg and lnuurions furniture and ha~ngingZs, are palaces of ease for wearyv legrislat ors andi Senators." These fascinlatinig sien ate dictat" in whispers what laws shall oI all1:: not he passed by A14 CNL ZC The Parinount Question. o.. is takel or granted thait 0e(very citizeni is inteuxested 0 in the discl5s.on of the good roads question and vOW' and the proposition that the Government of the United States shamli co-operate with the Sta-Es i:N highw-ay construction and impllrove ment. There are always politit-al qils tions of importance, of conurse: but the question of good common roads is paramount to them all a ani econlomi l proposition. because it rea dich'-; AlI classzes and callings in town aid coun try. It is pregnant with interest to __ the c(onlsminug popuhition of towns'i and cities. and to railroad. ianufacirtrI' and trades!menil a zs well. But t:e weightier consideration is. tha t church. s(hool and farm interestscl must in evitably be retarded wile road con dlitions remain as th'y Ire to-day. tr If the American home is to be pre --served. the American farm must be fostered. The logic of this deduction will reatily present itself. If ignor- (e :neC is the parent of superstition and superstition shuts out the light from to the soul that should be free. then the kj progress of civilization and the whole- p. some girowth of the religion of the Lord depends upon the universal spread of education in the hnd. The higher schools and colleges are doing t a -and work. but the free common k schools are the more important, be eause they are the schools of the w masses in which are laid the deep C and histing foundations for coming lives of usefulness and for the better ment of mankind. The common schools are the schools of the rural 1 population. Whatever tends to better p: these schools. to make them stronger and of higher curriculum. to give great- it. er efficiency and better discipline. and to make them easily accessible all the time. should be the concern of every patriotic citizen. Nothing can possibly g; conduce so much to these results as improved highways. Neither rural church or school. nor yet the farm. er can flourish where impassable roads le abound. and if these cannot flourish our free institutions will soon or late topple and fall. The question of na ional aid to good roads is one the to Government cannot afford to ignore much longer. The necessity for it is th so apparent that it is without the do- ed main of controversy. Statesmen and id philosophers know that good roads develop good people. Improvement of highways means not only advance mernt of commercial interests. but also n moral welfare. The highways are the in paths along which civilization and de velopment move, hi I Wide Tires. One of the means of improving the condition of the highways which is of importance, but generally disregarded, fa is the use of wide tires on drays anfd , wagons carrying heavy loads. Such w; tires are of great value in rolling the bi surface of the read and avoiding the et formation of rumts. The belief that in creasing the widthm of the tire increases the draft probabiy arises from the .'fact haa a rule the increase in vwidth ofA tire is cconmpanied by a derrease in the diameter of the wheel. Of course. diminishimng the diameter of the wheel in'rea'ses the dhraft. and inc'rea.sing the diameterl of the wheel diminishes the draft. The radius of the wheel c-onsti tutes the lever arm through which the poe ot the team nets to move the load. The shorter the lever the greater~ a power rcqumircd to move the load. Expreriments invariably show the ad Traniages cf wide tires on good roads, both in the less power required than with narrow tires and in the beneticial effe--t upoii the road. As to the effect of thle wi'dth of the tire, where the dia-, meter of tile wheel remains the same, a trial was made where forty :2er cent. more- powier was requircd to draw a loa o a w ,agon having one and one hal'f-inch tires than on a wagoa having three-inch tires. 11: MIany Eumropeani countries have laws reg-ulatting the wvidth of tires. In Ger manify four-inch tires are required for w heavy loads. In France the tires must be from three to ten inches. according to the load, and the front axle must be shorter than the rear- axle to prevent "racking." In Austria wagons carry ig two atnd a qtuarter tons must have tires at least fotur anld one-third inches W:ae, and every load over four and a half tons must be carried on tires six and one-fourth inches in width. S witz erand has similar r'gulations. In some sections of the United States laws have been enacted regulating the widtli of tires on wagonis carrying hebavy loads, but in many instauces they -are ignoredl. There seems to be a general awaken 1 ig upon the sutlbject of improved .road~s throughout the country, amgd more lib eral appropriationts for this puirpose should be made in the future than hav'e been made in past. On tihe contra.i( however, at preseut. rostds oc g-a. are not being kept up mis they should fi be. It wtill not improve thme tinancial t! condition if roads are not kept good to t facilitate the marketing of produce. 31 It is poor economy to let amadec ro-'ds Ifall into bad order. for it is an c::pen sie matrtakinmr them up ngain. Hoevr this year is -i exce'ptio~nal tI time for tightness of (ash, and a litt'e P1 patience must 1)e exercised in tem mat- e tr of r'oadts. Along with a general im provement iie road matters~there should ha he- d.eveloped a better alpreciation of ii th importance and va~lue of wide tires iroaid improvemett that laws may he made on the subject and gradually y( brought into force. The subject needs di frequent and earnest discussion in or der to secure thiis.-Journal Jamaica Agricultural Society. An Artificial Face. ~ s Arm old soldier of 1870 hias heer: going a about Paris for thirty years w ithi no a features, eyes, cheeks. lips and nose. having suffered severely by the explo sumn of a shell. MIodern seience has re-2 stored his face. A mask was made. part of silver. part of wax. neativ tited. two eves ini enatmei. an excel-I it niose and serviceable uips ini rub ber.-Newv York World. With the RIMny Where Danger rrs. c learned who in tejn laa nLe "an voice their thoughts ,till1 run >re risks than those who know cnough o hold their tongues n one. -Saturday Evening Post. 1 Uncle Allen. "They say that worth makes the an."' philosophized Uncle Allen >arks. "b nowadays he has to be I$ r rth a million to be much of a man." Chicago Tribune. Extraordinary. But is Eva really such a pretty "Pretty: Why. seio would look pretty 1 a photograph taken on an outing Dis Old Hope. "The .1Tapanw attiimte their sie Ss to the virtue of the Emp'ror." "Yes. It .;up to Gem-r:l Limevitch devie sonw pian to :llr tihe .\l. do from the straniht ini Tarrow i." Told in Conaldence. The Caller - "'The man who wrote at poem you printed yesterday didn't low what he was talking about." The Editor--Of course not. Other- t ise it wouldn't have been potry."- f lago Daily News. In Hard Luck. The Judge-Have you anything to er the court before scntt'nce is ssed on you?" The Prisoner-"No. your honor: I Ad $13.. but mny lawyer appropria ted "-Chicago Daily News. Not Ready to Die. "If." said the (.lemist, "you will e this new tonie a trial. 1'm sure m will never use any other." "Excuse me." rejoined the customn . "but I prefer something a little ss fatal."-Chilcago Journal. Aagravatinir. "Gracious:' she exclaimed. "you :k hot." "So I hab." replied the man with. e handkerchief. "'id's edough to bake < Idy-body hot to hab a cold like die i subber."-Philadelphia Press. Same Effect. "I notice that since Jack's engage ent.to Beryl he has stopped smok g. Did she exact that promise?" "No but every time he calls on her leaves with all the eigalrs in his< st pocket broken and crushed. No Failure. Bos-"Do you think marriage is a ilureY'" osh-"Mine wasn't. Prve tried every ay 1 could think of to get out of it,< it cant. It's the hlardest knot that1 -er was tied."-Detroit Free Press.i Others Just Like Her. ( 1 I thought you said you wrote for L( magazines' "I do." "Do they ever print what you "No."-Newv York Journal. Gets What !e Likes. "Tones grumbles at cold weather?" "And he grunmbles at hot weather? "What does lie like?!" "e like's to gr'umble."-ChicagoI He Talks Back. So et that zr'rtle it." Mrs. Henpeck mluded: "a little word to the wise "Yes,5 my, dear." replied Henpeek. Imd to the aiver'age mar'ried man a 'od in edgewise is satilet~nt.--Phila '~h'ia Press. Overheard by the Office-Boy "The editor looks downeast. What's e atter with him?" IIe recived a letter yesterday in >rmi~ng imn Of an inheritan'e, andi in meerrush he replied: Deelined w.ithl mnks.-"Trnslated for Tale's From . leggendorfer Blaetter. * 'aking Down the Suehhlng. "hmi hat's too small for me." said e le man who had come inito suldden 1 omminence: i'll have' to have it ex-1 aanged for a larger one." "h!' exclaimed the hatter. "You iven't read to-day's issue of thme morn tgWasp. have vou?!" "No. Why'!" "lust read~ what it has to so;' about >u. I think that will lix you."-Phila Mphia Press. mCobby Was Wise. He e was * of those proun. fathers h are . .ays trying to tell their ms to gr'e up with an ambition for ig offi . "Now: Bobby.' he said le moring. 'suppose yti~~alpir to Piresident. "All right." r-';iied Bobby. "and niTW ease give me the price of a 'big "AA hi1r stjiek? Why. what kind of "Why. a big stick oif candy."-Chi __f I OU THEflIIN TOPICS OF IN TEEST TO THE PLANTh Farm Poultry. Many practical poultry raisers depend In the money received from eggs as substantial and perhaps the larger )a:rt of their income. Hence the egg roblem is to them one of great Ii ortance. But in the solution of this roblem I recall forcibly on*e of the opiecs which had to be set in my writ ag books at sciool: "Many men of nany minds." for there are many dif erent methods pursued. and each one links his is the best. If I give mine, vhile it may not be the best possible ethod, I am sure it is a good one, for t helps my birds and I trust it will rove helpful to others. Were all to rite a strictly scienitiiie essay on this ub.iect it would naturally commence ith an analysis of the eg. showing he proportions of alun'en, fat. lime. te.. that enter into its composition. nit for practical purposes this is un ieessary. We know that in some way rom the food must be extracted the onstituents of the eggs. and we pro )ose to show only our methods of upplying the food to the lien. First-We see to it that the hens re well fed. not overlo:idcd with fat. ior as lean as a lost dog. A very poor in is as unfitted for laying as a very at one; either extreme should be Lvoided. Second-Scanty feeding is not adapt d to abundant egg production. Hens bat lay many eggs must be fed well. s much as they will eat and digest .:ithout getting too fat. We cannot anufacture a thousand yards of cot on cloth out of raw material necessary or a hundred yards, and we cannot ex )eet a hen to lay two hundred eggs )er year if we furnish only enough ood to produce a hundred. Third-The food must be of the right iature as well as of the proper quan Ity: as an egg is rich in albumen we ieed considerable albumenous food: as t contains fat and oils, we must have proper amount of fat producing food, n order to produce a we!l balanced tion. aving these principles in view I lave found the following an excellent nethod of feeding for eggs: Clover as much as the hens wiH eat. reen in summer and either dry in vinter. or what is better, cut fine and overed with boiling water and left a steam. The water in which this -lover is steamed can he profitably ,sed to mix up the evening ration. The irst thing in the morning feed the lover, and after the hens have pecked ip what they want. give them equal arts of cracked corn and wheat and :he next morning ats and buckwheat r some other grain. Throw this in tter and make them scratch and hunt or it. At night give a feed composed )f two parts of ground oats, one part pound beef ser-ap and two parts corn neal, mixed with hot water and feed -arm, not hot. For green stuff supply 'abbage. hung up by a string to help :hemselves, or beets or turnips cut half and stuck on nails on the side )f the house. Keep ground oyster dhels. grit and charcoal in boxes or oppers before them at all times so hey can cat as much or, little as they hoose. Now, there may be better ways than his, 1mt this is certainly a good method .d wiil be found to answer the nieed f pr.wrical poultry men. If you ob an it and can afford to do it. feed your lens skimmed milk: it is one of the est e'zg producing foods known. but he d1iClty is the price puts it beyond the reach of most poultry raisers. But ur Tharmer friends would find it v'ery tvantageous it' they would save some >t tei'r surplus milk for the hens and not give at alli to the boges. One hundred hens. with proper care. oIl aroduce at least $i0 pr) ~lofit clear aci year. The p~ullet that begins to ay enriitst in life will lay the larg"sL number of eggs. Chbarred corn on the 'oh is a good way to feed charcoal1 To (owls and nothing is better for bowel : oules. IHve you ev'er made an honest effort to improve your stock by the infusion f new blood? La yinig hans may enjoy eating snow mu drinking water out of stagnant pools. but neither is good for them. On thle contrary. both are quite in jurious and if prope'rly traced mainy :iknesses among tile poultry both win ter and summer would be found as a result of these practices. Poultry raising is being gradually re dued to business principles, and is be 2oming an actual and important feature of agriculture mtore and more each 15 you subscribe for and read a poul try paper. or are you opposed to "book rain" and. think von know more than the ditor's and men who write for the ap:-'S simply to see their unmtie in Yroi farmters that raise pure bred poultry. look onl your votung stock. Pick out the most likely ones and push them by good feeding. H-ave them as exhi'cition at the county fair and shiow' your friends and neighbors what you News of the Day. Announcement was made at the De >rtment of Agriculture last week hat Mrs. Bertha Burch, private secre Lary to former Statistician Hyde, had esigned and that the resignation had >en accepted. In a heroic effort to save his mother .d his sister, who with a score of thers, were for a time in great peril cor fire. Nathan Newman, aged 20 ost his own life in a burning Brook yn tenement house. Charles Mk. Pepper, one of the gov ernment special agents, reports that the advance recentl~y made in Canada by the manufacturers of cotton goods is attributed to the rise in the price ot the raw materials. The s.tocks of man ufactured goods are said to be very light, and in consequence the advance will be I~nmediately felt by the retail er. It seems, also, that the stock of raw cotton held by the Canadian mills is small, and that they are likely to b compelled to go into the market Mr. Alfred Wallace has been made superintendent of the Columbia Street Rilway succeeding Mr. A. E. Legare. ARM - JIOTES 7R, STOCKMAN AND TRUCK GR WE have. You may win some prize money and it only costs the trouble of taking them to and bringing them from the fair gruunds.-Cha riotte (N. C.) News. Cost of Harvestin: Hay. What does it cost you to put up your hay? This question is discussed in the Southern Planter. Western farmers use more labor sav ing tools than their Southern brethren. While our laborers get lower wages, they are. as a rule. less efflicient and their labor is really more expensive. The claim is made for the South that we have cheaper labor here than North or West. In Nobo:azka niud Kansas the cost of harresting a ton of hay will priobbly av(rae lcss thaln $1.75 per ton. wherr- the yield is a ton or more per :wr"*. Here in Virginia as much as half of the crop is being charged for cutting. :aking. etc.. and getting the hay in stack. Hay being worth $14 per ton in stack. this charge would amount to $7 per ton. Having seen hundreds of tons of hay sold out West in stacks at S3 per ton twenty years ago when labor was higher than to-day. it seems to mt- that the cost of haying should cerminy iiot he more than $3 per ton here, where labor is cheap. What is the actual cost of mowing an acre of grass? How much for rak ing? How much for tedding twice? How much for dragging the hay with a sweep from the windrows to the rick? How much for one horse and a boy to operate a stacker and a man to spread the hay on the stack? . As anybody can make a hay sweep and a stacker. the charge for the use of these simp , implements should be very small. Something should be al lowed for wear and tear on mower and rake. While we are at it. how much does it cost to load a ton of hay on a wagon with pitchfork? How much when the work is done with a loading machine? How much does it cost to unload a ton into the barn with pitch forks, and how much when the work is done with a horse fork? While I have but twenty-five acres of grass, yet. to pay for the harvesting at the rate of S7 per ton is quite an item. A farmer doing such work for another is. of course, entitled to a fair profit of over and above the actual cost of doing the work. Merchants are usually satis fled with a net profit of from ten to twenty-five per cent. above cost. In a case like this perhaps fifty per cent. more than the actual cost should be allowed for profit. If the readers of the Southern Planter will give their actual experience as to the cost of harvesting their hay crops, an exchange of ideas is likely to re sult in giving all :in opportunity for le.ning the cheapest and best meth u2. Supposing we start with real grass crops or grass and clover mix tures, what does the harvesting of your hay crop actually cost you per ton, figuring your time as well as the time of teams and help?. Rape and Artichoktes. H. M. C.. Silcott Springs. writes: I would like some information regarding the culture of rape andl artichokes. Answer: The culture of rape is a comparatively small matter. It should be seeded as early in spring as possi ble. the sooner now the better. Plant in drills about twenty-four inches apart on the level, using about four pounds of seed per acre. Cultivate lightly un til the leaves touch the rows and then you can graze with hogs or sheep. In ase of sheep you should watch out for' bloat. Artichokes should be planted as soon as possible in rows about three feet apart and fifteen to eighteen inches anart in rows. Froin four to six bush els are recluired to plant an aere. The groud should he' prepared as for Irish p)otatoes and the c'ultivaition is practi aiy the same. As a rule artichokes will yield about twice as much as Irish potatoes. From two to four weeks after they bloom hogs may b'* turned in the field and allowed to root out and feed on the artichokes. They will live on the crop practically all the winter except when the ground is frozen. They make an excellent graz ing crop for hogs and are fairly satis factory when fed to cattle and sheep. Artichokes grow rapidly and are heavy and will remain in the ground for sev eral years. unless the hogs are allowed to root them out very thoroughly. - A. M. Soule. Permianenlt Pastures. Every farmer should have a perma nent pasture, depending in extent on the size of the farm. Of course the great permanent pasture grass is Ber mudla and JTapan elover. Bermuda :{nd winter vetch also make an excel lt pasture also orchaird grass and V~t(h'~e2 an deiilen t permanent rasture, and so on. These permanent lIastures are of the greatest importance Ifor the farm work stoek. the farm cat te, bogs, ete.-Progressive Farmer. Pointed Paragraphs. A French .iournal thinks that histor ians the world over must feel some what uneasy because of a recent case in the Paris courts. M. de Bertier de Sauvigny has brought suit against Ar mand Dayot for alleged defamation of his grandfather, Bertier de Sauvigny, in his illustrated history of France, in which the said grandfather is pictured hanging from a lamp post with the roes around his neck, while the text says he deserved his fate. At Williamsburg Councilman E. H. Proctor has Introduced an ordinance in the city council prohibiting cows from running at large in the city. Many residents own cows and it is like ly that a fight will be made against the proposed ordinance. At Smith's Cross Roads Bruce Barnes. youngest son of M'. W. L. Barnes, was thrown from a horse and seriously hurt. Little Btiee is about 10 years old and was attempting to ride an unbroken colt, when he was thrown against a large tree. ASK FOR A __IIANEJ Cotton Men Take Up An setercsting Matter AN ADDRESS 10 THE ASSOCIATION President Jordan and Secretary Cheatham Declare That Efforts Are Being Made to Divert Attention From Deficiencies of the Agricultu ral Department System Itself to the "Thieving Propensities 'of a Few Unworthy Officials." Washington, Special.-President Jor an and Secretary Cheatham, of the Southern Cotton Association, issued a tatement addressed to the members of the association, calling attention to the recent disclosures in the cotton statis :ical work in the Department of Agri- 3 culture, declaring that efforts are being made to divert attention from the "de riciencies" of the system itself "to the thieving propensities of a few unwor thy officials" and setting forth de mands to be riadv on Congress to re rrm conditions. The statement fol ows: 'To the Miembers of the Southern Cot ton Associatin: "The members of the association iave been apprised through the public press from day to day of the work done. by the officers of the association at Washington. As a result of their char ges the unreliability of the reports of the Department of Agriculture relating to the cotton crop has been fully dis losed, and the mal-administration of that Department under its present head had been made evident. "Following these exposures, efforts are now being made to divert public attention from the main issue, which is the imperfections of the Department, toward an attempted prosecution of anybody who can be found as a scape goat. Their punishment, even if it is accomplished, is of secondary impor tance as compared vith the reforma tion of the system which has made their performances possible, and the purpose of this address is to secure the co-operation of the members of this association in influencing in every le itimate way a reformation of the sys em, and a re-organization of the De partment. "The membership of this association, numbering nearly one million, includes the producers of the most valuable pro duct of American agriculture. The cot ton crop of the United States, and its by-products is worth between $600,000, 000 and $700,000,000 annually. It fur nishes two-thirds of our annual trade balance, and in its production and manufacture employs many million in-. dividuals. No other product of the United States is of greater or equal importance. The practical monopoly of otton which America enjoys, and the narrow balance which has existed for years between sufficiency and scarcity in the world's cotton supply, render the cotton market peculiarly and acutely susceptible to the reports of the De partment of Agriculture regarding the condition anid prospects of the cotton crop. Under the present circumstances a great duty devolves upon the mem bers of the association. We are less concerned with what has been done by a few individuals and the consequen~es therof. regrettable as this may be, than with such reformation of -iepart mental methods as shall secure for us just and accurate reports in future. "Under the system at present in vogue, and which promises to be un disturbed unless public attention shall be aroused to the need of reform, the reports issued by the Department of Agriculture are, in their last analysis, simply the individual opinion of a few officials of doubtful experience and honor by which the value of the cotton rop may be, and has been, affected as much as $75,000,000 in a single day. No such power should be delegated to any individual, or statistical board, except under conditions which guarantee the most incorruptible, expert and intelli gent opinion, arrived at by the appli cation of the most scientinic methods nd safeguarded by the most scientific precautions. It is. therefore, urgently ecommended to the members of the Southern Cotton Association that through their representatives in Con ress, and by every other means avail able to them, they exert their influence and that of the association toward se uring the immediate re-orgamlzation f the Agricultural Department, es eially with reference to its reports n t cotton crop, and that their Rep resentatives in Congress be requested specifically to demand: "1. The establishment within the De partment of Agriculture of a bureau, to b known as the Cotton Bureau, charg ed specially and solely with the duty of reporting upon the cotton crop and all matters concerning that staple. "2. The appointment as the head of that bureau, at an adequate salary, of a man whose reputation and antece dents shall be beyond reproach, and whose familiarity with cotton cultiva tion shall be an additional guarantee of his ftness. "3. An organization of the bureau so established upon thoroughly scientinec lies, as will insure no possible bias in favor of either buyer or seller, or producer or manufacturer can be pre supposed or asserted. "4. The passage of a law that will be more specific in its scope, and under which government employes can be prosecuted for giving away or selling valuable information, as has been do in the Statistical Bureau. "We have no doubt of the zeal of th officers of the Department, but it see to be as misdirected in this crisis it was in the antecedent period. Al the powers and influences of the D patment, of the lawyers and of eve an of the government, seems to devoted to the attempt to drag-net lot of irresponsible speculators. Tha tere have been for years leaks in th Department is as well known to t trade as the existence of the Dp m ent itself: but these are insignlifiAef a compared with the fundamental m management. At this time, howeve there is a manifest endeavor to dive attention from the radical errors an deficiencies of the Department itself the thieving propensities of a few ui wothy officials. Let us not be ms by any such misdirected energy. 'as reform at the top and not Qfl side. Let us root out the offende cleanse the personnel, change the m od and renovate the Department fro root to branch. Then the cause of co ton and good government will alike erervd in Rooseveltian fashion. "HARVIE JORDAN, "President Southern Cotton Ass~n "ICHARD CHEATHAM, Sec'y,