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The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1901-1982, August 09, 1905, Image 7

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Persistent link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/2012218612/1905-08-09/ed-1/seq-7/

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FATE.
The skir le cz dd. the roek- are bare!
The spay ri the tempet is white in air;
The wmndz 1r ,at with the wax0ve at play,
And I shall no: tenpt tie seu to-day.
The tr:is th r. v:. ;' te woo is dim.
The i4otuwr ei;,:: to the hing linb:
And'the lion' whrl- arc abioi at Play,
And 1 slll not jin in .t chase to-day.
sth hp d aely over the sea.
: -n( came iromn the chase in
Am t (1, ti, n that was buiiled upon a
11z:. on uin the earthquatke shock.
-Dret Harte.
A NIIIT ON THE
PUY4LALLAM.
-E+0-0-0-4
By OTIS IA NDSEER SEIBERT.
Lwild baIsts are now
mch more afraid of men
An in former tiles. anc
tii dread of mankind has
einesed as hitumani weal)
ins ne rown monre deadly.
Once and c only have I seen a
panthe: that was other than a skulk
jnf-. Tiimo:2Ous brute. intent only On
esa:!e. It w: tifteen years ago., on
tio 0;Inpie shore and range, south
of t!:e Steamt of Juan de Fluca. I then
hlid a kind of roving (omimission from
1te Slitlsolaan Institution. I was
but twenty-two. and was thus put on
my naittie t( penetrate unvisited quar
ters et tbe world and keep my eyes
And that time. the region was a ver
itable terra :incoznita. On the map it
is termed Clzilani County. but for a
hundred miles east and west. particu
larly among the mountains,. it was then
as primitive and savage as when our
race rirst set foot on the continent.
It was one vast tangle of brush and
rot:ng tree trunks, which gave way
like wet paper underfoot. letting the
unwary explorer through into unsus
pceted holes, where he might. very pos
sibly. tind himself in the lair of a griz
z!y that had never yet learned gun
fear. Bears and panthers were the
monarchs of this solitude.
Hutanly-speaking. too, it was a law
less coa t. Seattered along the shore.
often legues apart. were a few
"lookouts" of otter-hunters. who were
a law unto theraselves. and did not hes
iLate to send a far-killing bullet after
those who intruded on their "ranges."
The tiakes of a few Victoria fisher
men might bv stumbled on during the
season. About the river mouths one
'would at times catch glimpses of an
Indian canoe. or a thin line of smoke
rising at sunrise or sunset. But the
forest was. too dense. rank and tangled
for good hunting, and the Indians and
half-breveds here were mainly those
whnom mnurdea or other crimes had ren
dered outcasts.
In some expectation of finding the
precious metals, I had been trying to
reach a high mountain valley, visible
from the coast, by ascending the gorge
of the Puy-Clallamn. from Port Town
send. in a sailing dory, which carried
ny small kit and stoeg of provisions.
- ~ A little way up the tidal portion of
the river I had come upon an old log
hut, in a seeluded nook of the shore.
!t had evidently been deserted for sev
eral y ars, but it s:>rved mec as a base
for my tramp)s up the gorge. On the
night of my story I had returned to it
rather lnte and thoroughly tired. after
a solitary jartnt of twenty miles or
more. I piut en half a salmon to boil
in my poeelain kettle, over a fire
which a rock and the end of the hut
shelttred. itmd I also made a skilletful
of hot "breakfast food:" this, with su
gar' and a spoonful of diluted canned
milk. appeased my hunger a little. till
the salmon was cooked.
Meanwhile dutsk had fallen. a-td the
swarmning mos~gutOes drove me to don
not aind glov s. The hum of thousands
of thLese inseCte blended wvithi the dis
tant rea r ot rtpids *up the river. T0
eat rn': salmon 'npeace it was neces
sar wt t snmoke out the hut and r.aire
insideC-fo kthe inlme(t pfsis daishid
blidi iV my lattert and into nmy
mont:h.
'Tim m~oon was not vet quite in sight
over ine wCoded moutin across the
streamt but its light was slowly diffus
iag itseif m hwart the wilderness: and
present: i hea rd two sea-otters minu
inz at e-l' otLi'r down in Little Tay.
Th~ley St f.2ied to be close ini to the
shoie: a adt as my supper had revived
Tao considerably. 1 took my caribine
antd stppted: Ctside'. It was possible.
I thought. to get a shot at them as the
looni one up: and a son-otter pelt
may I v~It! e cuple of hundred do]
My "-ttle :*c ing fire laid burned
down.' and I seuffe some~ loose sand
over it w~ith' my foot as I stoppedi to
lisiya 'ote ot 'rs again. But a dense
gus 0f m~ouitoes dashed into my
facO aLs i e there: :andt reflecting
that 1 n ight have to lie or stand otuiet
10r son: lit t:ime if I stalked lie
otters5. Iwent ilackt inside for my head
nlgaua-t 1 2.1 <na of the hut as 1 did 5o.
for' t Io:a wa a t lie other' end.
It t1:.; 1:- aImitde or two to find
amn:: tit: 2:-' net in the dar'k inter'ir'
of tI' *N: I-ut I was (0om ig Out whenl
not :vtm '- away. I discovered
glow liama!<in the obiscurity:I It
was B.:he e t ofer'ouchai: to'
br *t as u ewit se!/hi; 5) t1 -- its
jun. :.:''1 ' lepe bac(k mioj . th- but
and s~m s1 Sedoor.
TI h: s I m sparie. Thei least
'cim- I.......aist the; doo~r wiih a :
vicha ti- :aIVl hurledi it ba-k :2nd
ice I yt:dOn'so* I s't miy b ek
the en: :1. i. lhI it fast. yelling all the
wh ile. :oscare~ the crecatur'e away:t. Ruit
my -e did ot frighi'tn It ini the
le-:: . W~le:r gr'owltin it dug and2(
tore at '6do with it nail. It i-venf
triedi to > the- 'arth away'2 benath~ it.
inl im'' Eh:: I in e'apedl on tihe roof.
Ct the t i Ic Da of 'h I'ut. and myi~
I for a lozr benen in the hut to set against
the door. I feared that the beast would
i tear a iole in tile rooZ and sprig
down on me: but the thick. matted
mass of sodden hom:-hs 'aha rrased it.
All the time I W'-s shoming avdy.
aind I nule ha ste to Strike a whole
card of mtches. hoping that the odor
of brimstoie or the la of light
would de!er th1 beast fro-n its attack.
But immediatoly it ca d'iing at
the door again,. as if transported by
feroeity, and again I thr:v Imly weight
aginist tile inside of the door, for I
dared not Itust to the helc'h.
My disgust with myself for being
sicht a fool as to leave my earbine out
sde ca (tsily be llilaginetd. I was at
my wits. (nd to know how to beat the
creature off. Plainly it was bold from
hunttiger. atnd had to doubt smelled my
salmon. half of which was onl a sielf
just inside the hut door. I had
thoughts of throwing tile tisht out to it,
and then tn idea ea:me into my mind.
For preserving the skins of birds and
small animals I had taken along a
inantity of arsellic in a bottle. When
the violence of the creatur "s efforts at
the door had subsided and it was rae
ing round the hnt again. I hastily cut
a deep -as'h in the fish with lily klife:
then. striking another matfli. I pUt in
as mitch a twenty grains of tih' poison.
By this time the ,!nimal was on the
roof again, scratching and sniarling and
snufflilg. Opening the door a little. I
filng out the salillolt. I had scarcely
dotte so when, pounce! cameit the beast
to the ground. With a sniff and snarl
it seized the fish and ran ol a little
way. Not so far, however. but that I
could hear it eating, its te-,th gritting
on the backbone.
There must have been five or six
pounds of the fish: but within hal!f a
minute the animal was back. sniffing
about the place for more. I listened
anxiously. It jumped on the roof
again, then prowled round the hut.
Presently there came an interval of
frigltful stacento screech! Then fol
lowed some lofty tumbling all over the
ground about the lit, enlivened by
the most blood-curdling yells it is pos
sible to imagine! Peeping out, I
caught glimpses of what occurred.
Sometimes that poor brute went ten
feet in the air, then it clawed up the
earth and brush, turned wild somer
saultts. and tore and bit its own flesi.
It tried in vain to vomit forth the
poison.
If not hard-pressed in self-defense. I
would never administer arsenic to ally
living creature.
Pathetic moans succeeded the
screeches, and then the suffering ani
mal dragged itself to te stream.
where I heard it nloisily lapping water:
and after that the end came very soon.
Fancying that its mate might have
been attracted by the yelling. I hastily
secured my carbine and stayed inside
the hut till morning.
At sunrise I found the creature dead.
less than a hundred yards from the
place where it drank. It was, as I
had supposed. a mountain-lion, or pan
ther, a big male that would have
weighed two hundred and fifty pounds.
I am sure, and probably one that had
never before seen a human hbing, or
learned aught of the deadly guile of
man.-Youth's Companion.
Cultivate a Pleasant Voice.
Kind hearts are more plentiful than
persistentily kind and gentle voices.
and yet love loses much of its power
when the voice is sharp anid harsh.
Try, therefore..most earnestly to ac
quire a pleasant tone i speaking. anld
guard yourself carefully from failing
into careless and bad habits of voice.
Often a sharp voice shows far more
ill-will than the heart feels: but peoph'
do not know that the speaker's "bark
is worse thtan her bite." and thle y b~e
lieve her to be ill-tempered and dis
agreeable.
It is very easy to pick up a sharp
an ld snappish manner of speaking. Very
often it is acquired in mirth, and in
tile playful battles of words. in which
boys and girls delight. There is nto
malice in their sallies, anld a great
deal of full: btut. meanwhile, the voice
is often acquirinlg a sharp and shrew
ish tone, which clings through life,
making it stir up strife and ill-will
among its listeners.
So be careful of the tone in whic'h
you spcak, atnd be cet'tain that it is
gentie and1 sweet. A kind voice is like
umsic in the homte. and is to the ilcart
whattt light and beauty are to the eye.
New York Weekly.
Do;ts in the Ambulance Service.
Thte Austr'o-H-ungarian War' Dozs'
Club has just held its first show of
dogs for war and ambliulance service.
The highest ofiet's of tile army wit
nessed the performances of tihe dogs.
Soldiers had dispersed all over tile tild
of action. atnd were concealed behind
htedges, amon~g shrubs and bushes.
These were supposed to be the wound
ed. The dogs found them all, and
cithmer stayed wvithl them atnd barked
if the trainers were 'near' enough to
hear' them. or ratn for the tratiner when
thte distance was too Jong. Then they
were sentt w~itirnmessages conttainted ini
a lcket fastened to thteir collar's. to
which they had to bring antswers5.
Newv York World.
Sincere Quackery.
A rather remarkable case of sini(ctre
ijuac(ker'y. wicht perhtaps may nt. he
as r'are ats is generally suippose'd. oe
eturre'd int Lontdon~ some tiim'etago.
An old hady sued Sir William Broad
lent. a leading London pr'actitioner,.
beeause he refused to bty or' ttry her
elixir. Thtis "was no common r'etmtdy.v
b einug free from those minteralIs wich'
arc thte t'oot of all cv'l. but thte skiilfutl
blendintg of an herb of whtich medical
ment know nothtinez." Needless to sa:.
the' old lady lost her case, which she
p icaded in persot. 11cr sineity was
her a pae th': ic raether thani a ridiculou.s
Rtussian Diplomatic Sirens.
Th ie Russian G;overnmeiunt, too, is also0
retrsenited ablroad1, inot only by its am
bassadors, hur by unoflicial diplomats
of a most interesting description. "a
corps d'ecite of. ladies who are de
'spatc hed to the various capitals of the
w orld. In W\ashington Czardom lhas
no less than tell of these ladies. Th1ey
(enterCtait lavishly. and the(ir' drawinlg
and lnuurions furniture and ha~ngingZs,
are palaces of ease for wearyv legrislat
ors andi Senators." These fascinlatinig
sien ate dictat" in whispers what
laws shall oI all1:: not he passed by
A14
CNL ZC
The Parinount Question.
o.. is takel or granted thait
0e(very citizeni is inteuxested
0 in the discl5s.on of the
good roads question and
vOW' and the proposition that
the Government of the United States
shamli co-operate with the Sta-Es i:N
highw-ay construction and impllrove
ment. There are always politit-al qils
tions of importance, of conurse: but
the question of good common roads is
paramount to them all a ani econlomi l
proposition. because it rea dich'-; AlI
classzes and callings in town aid coun
try. It is pregnant with interest to __
the c(onlsminug popuhition of towns'i and
cities. and to railroad. ianufacirtrI'
and trades!menil a zs well. But t:e
weightier consideration is. tha t church.
s(hool and farm interestscl must in
evitably be retarded wile road con
dlitions remain as th'y Ire to-day. tr
If the American home is to be pre
--served. the American farm must be
fostered. The logic of this deduction
will reatily present itself. If ignor- (e
:neC is the parent of superstition and
superstition shuts out the light from to
the soul that should be free. then the kj
progress of civilization and the whole- p.
some girowth of the religion of the
Lord depends upon the universal
spread of education in the hnd. The
higher schools and colleges are doing t
a -and work. but the free common k
schools are the more important, be
eause they are the schools of the w
masses in which are laid the deep C
and histing foundations for coming
lives of usefulness and for the better
ment of mankind. The common
schools are the schools of the rural 1
population. Whatever tends to better p:
these schools. to make them stronger
and of higher curriculum. to give great- it.
er efficiency and better discipline. and
to make them easily accessible all the
time. should be the concern of every
patriotic citizen. Nothing can possibly g;
conduce so much to these results as
improved highways. Neither rural
church or school. nor yet the farm. er
can flourish where impassable roads le
abound. and if these cannot flourish
our free institutions will soon or late
topple and fall. The question of na
ional aid to good roads is one the to
Government cannot afford to ignore
much longer. The necessity for it is th
so apparent that it is without the do- ed
main of controversy. Statesmen and id
philosophers know that good roads
develop good people. Improvement
of highways means not only advance
mernt of commercial interests. but also n
moral welfare. The highways are the in
paths along which civilization and de
velopment move, hi
I Wide Tires.
One of the means of improving the
condition of the highways which is of
importance, but generally disregarded, fa
is the use of wide tires on drays anfd ,
wagons carrying heavy loads. Such w;
tires are of great value in rolling the bi
surface of the read and avoiding the et
formation of rumts. The belief that in
creasing the widthm of the tire increases
the draft probabiy arises from the .'fact
haa a rule the increase in vwidth ofA
tire is cconmpanied by a derrease in
the diameter of the wheel. Of course.
diminishimng the diameter of the wheel
in'rea'ses the dhraft. and inc'rea.sing the
diameterl of the wheel diminishes the
draft. The radius of the wheel c-onsti
tutes the lever arm through which the
poe ot the team nets to move the
load. The shorter the lever the greater~
a power rcqumircd to move the load.
Expreriments invariably show the ad
Traniages cf wide tires on good roads,
both in the less power required than
with narrow tires and in the beneticial
effe--t upoii the road. As to the effect
of thle wi'dth of the tire, where the dia-,
meter of tile wheel remains the same,
a trial was made where forty :2er cent.
more- powier was requircd to draw a
loa o a w ,agon having one and one
hal'f-inch tires than on a wagoa having
three-inch tires. 11:
MIany Eumropeani countries have laws
reg-ulatting the wvidth of tires. In Ger
manify four-inch tires are required for w
heavy loads. In France the tires must
be from three to ten inches. according
to the load, and the front axle must be
shorter than the rear- axle to prevent
"racking." In Austria wagons carry
ig two atnd a qtuarter tons must have
tires at least fotur anld one-third inches
W:ae, and every load over four and a
half tons must be carried on tires six
and one-fourth inches in width. S witz
erand has similar r'gulations. In
some sections of the United States
laws have been enacted regulating the
widtli of tires on wagonis carrying
hebavy loads, but in many instauces
they -are ignoredl.
There seems to be a general awaken
1 ig upon the sutlbject of improved .road~s
throughout the country, amgd more lib
eral appropriationts for this puirpose
should be made in the future than hav'e
been made in past. On tihe contra.i(
however, at preseut. rostds oc g-a.
are not being kept up mis they should fi
be. It wtill not improve thme tinancial t!
condition if roads are not kept good to t
facilitate the marketing of produce. 31
It is poor economy to let amadec ro-'ds
Ifall into bad order. for it is an c::pen
sie matrtakinmr them up ngain.
Hoevr this year is -i exce'ptio~nal tI
time for tightness of (ash, and a litt'e P1
patience must 1)e exercised in tem mat- e
tr of r'oadts. Along with a general im
provement iie road matters~there should ha
he- d.eveloped a better alpreciation of ii
th importance and va~lue of wide tires
iroaid improvemett that laws may
he made on the subject and gradually y(
brought into force. The subject needs di
frequent and earnest discussion in or
der to secure thiis.-Journal Jamaica
Agricultural Society.
An Artificial Face. ~ s
Arm old soldier of 1870 hias heer: going a
about Paris for thirty years w ithi no a
features, eyes, cheeks. lips and nose.
having suffered severely by the explo
sumn of a shell. MIodern seience has re-2
stored his face. A mask was made.
part of silver. part of wax. neativ
tited. two eves ini enatmei. an excel-I
it niose and serviceable uips ini rub
ber.-Newv York World.
With the RIMny
Where Danger rrs.
c learned who in tejn laa nLe
"an voice their thoughts ,till1 run
>re risks than those who know cnough
o hold their tongues n one.
-Saturday Evening Post. 1
Uncle Allen.
"They say that worth makes the
an."' philosophized Uncle Allen
>arks. "b nowadays he has to be
I$ r
rth a million to be much of a man."
Chicago Tribune.
Extraordinary.
But is Eva really such a pretty
"Pretty: Why. seio would look pretty
1 a photograph taken on an outing
Dis Old Hope.
"The .1Tapanw attiimte their sie
Ss to the virtue of the Emp'ror."
"Yes. It .;up to Gem-r:l Limevitch
devie sonw pian to :llr tihe .\l.
do from the straniht ini Tarrow
i."
Told in Conaldence.
The Caller - "'The man who wrote
at poem you printed yesterday didn't
low what he was talking about."
The Editor--Of course not. Other- t
ise it wouldn't have been potry."- f
lago Daily News.
In Hard Luck.
The Judge-Have you anything to
er the court before scntt'nce is
ssed on you?"
The Prisoner-"No. your honor: I
Ad $13.. but mny lawyer appropria ted
"-Chicago Daily News.
Not Ready to Die.
"If." said the (.lemist, "you will
e this new tonie a trial. 1'm sure
m will never use any other."
"Excuse me." rejoined the customn
. "but I prefer something a little
ss fatal."-Chilcago Journal.
Aagravatinir.
"Gracious:' she exclaimed. "you
:k hot."
"So I hab." replied the man with.
e handkerchief. "'id's edough to bake <
Idy-body hot to hab a cold like die i
subber."-Philadelphia Press.
Same Effect.
"I notice that since Jack's engage
ent.to Beryl he has stopped smok
g. Did she exact that promise?"
"No but every time he calls on her
leaves with all the eigalrs in his<
st pocket broken and crushed.
No Failure.
Bos-"Do you think marriage is a
ilureY'"
osh-"Mine wasn't. Prve tried every
ay 1 could think of to get out of it,<
it cant. It's the hlardest knot that1
-er was tied."-Detroit Free Press.i
Others Just Like Her.
( 1
I thought you said you wrote for
L( magazines'
"I do."
"Do they ever print what you
"No."-Newv York Journal.
Gets What !e Likes.
"Tones grumbles at cold weather?"
"And he grunmbles at hot weather?
"What does lie like?!"
"e like's to gr'umble."-ChicagoI
He Talks Back.
So et that zr'rtle it." Mrs. Henpeck
mluded: "a little word to the wise
"Yes,5 my, dear." replied Henpeek.
Imd to the aiver'age mar'ried man a
'od in edgewise is satilet~nt.--Phila
'~h'ia Press.
Overheard by the Office-Boy
"The editor looks downeast. What's
e atter with him?"
IIe recived a letter yesterday in
>rmi~ng imn Of an inheritan'e, andi in
meerrush he replied: Deelined w.ithl
mnks.-"Trnslated for Tale's From .
leggendorfer Blaetter.
* 'aking Down the Suehhlng.
"hmi hat's too small for me." said
e le man who had come inito suldden 1
omminence: i'll have' to have it ex-1
aanged for a larger one."
"h!' exclaimed the hatter. "You
iven't read to-day's issue of thme morn
tgWasp. have vou?!"
"No. Why'!"
"lust read~ what it has to so;' about
>u. I think that will lix you."-Phila
Mphia Press.
mCobby Was Wise.
He e was * of those proun. fathers
h are . .ays trying to tell their
ms to gr'e up with an ambition for
ig offi . "Now: Bobby.' he said
le moring. 'suppose yti~~alpir to
Piresident.
"All right." r-';iied Bobby. "and niTW
ease give me the price of a 'big
"AA hi1r stjiek? Why. what kind of
"Why. a big stick oif candy."-Chi
__f
I OU THEflIIN
TOPICS OF IN TEEST TO THE PLANTh
Farm Poultry.
Many practical poultry raisers depend
In the money received from eggs as
substantial and perhaps the larger
)a:rt of their income. Hence the egg
roblem is to them one of great Ii
ortance. But in the solution of this
roblem I recall forcibly on*e of the
opiecs which had to be set in my writ
ag books at sciool: "Many men of
nany minds." for there are many dif
erent methods pursued. and each one
links his is the best. If I give mine,
vhile it may not be the best possible
ethod, I am sure it is a good one, for
t helps my birds and I trust it will
rove helpful to others. Were all to
rite a strictly scienitiiie essay on this
ub.iect it would naturally commence
ith an analysis of the eg. showing
he proportions of alun'en, fat. lime.
te.. that enter into its composition.
nit for practical purposes this is un
ieessary. We know that in some way
rom the food must be extracted the
onstituents of the eggs. and we pro
)ose to show only our methods of
upplying the food to the lien.
First-We see to it that the hens
re well fed. not overlo:idcd with fat.
ior as lean as a lost dog. A very poor
in is as unfitted for laying as a very
at one; either extreme should be
Lvoided.
Second-Scanty feeding is not adapt
d to abundant egg production. Hens
bat lay many eggs must be fed well.
s much as they will eat and digest
.:ithout getting too fat. We cannot
anufacture a thousand yards of cot
on cloth out of raw material necessary
or a hundred yards, and we cannot ex
)eet a hen to lay two hundred eggs
)er year if we furnish only enough
ood to produce a hundred.
Third-The food must be of the right
iature as well as of the proper quan
Ity: as an egg is rich in albumen we
ieed considerable albumenous food: as
t contains fat and oils, we must have
proper amount of fat producing food,
n order to produce a we!l balanced
tion.
aving these principles in view I
lave found the following an excellent
nethod of feeding for eggs:
Clover as much as the hens wiH eat.
reen in summer and either dry in
vinter. or what is better, cut fine and
overed with boiling water and left
a steam. The water in which this
-lover is steamed can he profitably
,sed to mix up the evening ration. The
irst thing in the morning feed the
lover, and after the hens have pecked
ip what they want. give them equal
arts of cracked corn and wheat and
:he next morning ats and buckwheat
r some other grain. Throw this in
tter and make them scratch and hunt
or it. At night give a feed composed
)f two parts of ground oats, one part
pound beef ser-ap and two parts corn
neal, mixed with hot water and feed
-arm, not hot. For green stuff supply
'abbage. hung up by a string to help
:hemselves, or beets or turnips cut
half and stuck on nails on the side
)f the house. Keep ground oyster
dhels. grit and charcoal in boxes or
oppers before them at all times so
hey can cat as much or, little as they
hoose.
Now, there may be better ways than
his, 1mt this is certainly a good method
.d wiil be found to answer the nieed
f pr.wrical poultry men. If you ob
an it and can afford to do it. feed your
lens skimmed milk: it is one of the
est e'zg producing foods known. but
he d1iClty is the price puts it beyond
the reach of most poultry raisers. But
ur Tharmer friends would find it v'ery
tvantageous it' they would save some
>t tei'r surplus milk for the hens and
not give at alli to the boges.
One hundred hens. with proper care.
oIl aroduce at least $i0 pr) ~lofit clear
aci year. The p~ullet that begins to
ay enriitst in life will lay the larg"sL
number of eggs. Chbarred corn on the
'oh is a good way to feed charcoal1 To
(owls and nothing is better for bowel
: oules.
IHve you ev'er made an honest effort
to improve your stock by the infusion
f new blood?
La yinig hans may enjoy eating snow
mu drinking water out of stagnant
pools. but neither is good for them.
On thle contrary. both are quite in
jurious and if prope'rly traced mainy
:iknesses among tile poultry both win
ter and summer would be found as a
result of these practices.
Poultry raising is being gradually re
dued to business principles, and is be
2oming an actual and important feature
of agriculture mtore and more each
15 you subscribe for and read a poul
try paper. or are you opposed to "book
rain" and. think von know more than
the ditor's and men who write for the
ap:-'S simply to see their unmtie in
Yroi farmters that raise pure bred
poultry. look onl your votung stock.
Pick out the most likely ones and push
them by good feeding. H-ave them as
exhi'cition at the county fair and shiow'
your friends and neighbors what you
News of the Day.
Announcement was made at the De
>rtment of Agriculture last week
hat Mrs. Bertha Burch, private secre
Lary to former Statistician Hyde, had
esigned and that the resignation had
>en accepted.
In a heroic effort to save his mother
.d his sister, who with a score of
thers, were for a time in great peril
cor fire. Nathan Newman, aged 20
ost his own life in a burning Brook
yn tenement house.
Charles Mk. Pepper, one of the gov
ernment special agents, reports that
the advance recentl~y made in Canada
by the manufacturers of cotton goods
is attributed to the rise in the price ot
the raw materials. The s.tocks of man
ufactured goods are said to be very
light, and in consequence the advance
will be I~nmediately felt by the retail
er. It seems, also, that the stock of
raw cotton held by the Canadian mills
is small, and that they are likely to
b compelled to go into the market
Mr. Alfred Wallace has been made
superintendent of the Columbia Street
Rilway succeeding Mr. A. E. Legare.
ARM - JIOTES
7R, STOCKMAN AND TRUCK GR WE
have. You may win some prize money
and it only costs the trouble of taking
them to and bringing them from the
fair gruunds.-Cha riotte (N. C.) News.
Cost of Harvestin: Hay.
What does it cost you to put up your
hay? This question is discussed in the
Southern Planter.
Western farmers use more labor sav
ing tools than their Southern brethren.
While our laborers get lower wages,
they are. as a rule. less efflicient and
their labor is really more expensive.
The claim is made for the South that
we have cheaper labor here than North
or West. In Nobo:azka niud Kansas the
cost of harresting a ton of hay will
priobbly av(rae lcss thaln $1.75 per
ton. wherr- the yield is a ton or
more per :wr"*. Here in Virginia as
much as half of the crop is being
charged for cutting. :aking. etc.. and
getting the hay in stack. Hay being
worth $14 per ton in stack. this charge
would amount to $7 per ton. Having
seen hundreds of tons of hay sold out
West in stacks at S3 per ton twenty
years ago when labor was higher than
to-day. it seems to mt- that the cost
of haying should cerminy iiot he more
than $3 per ton here, where labor is
cheap.
What is the actual cost of mowing
an acre of grass? How much for rak
ing? How much for tedding twice?
How much for dragging the hay with
a sweep from the windrows to the
rick? How much for one horse and a
boy to operate a stacker and a man to
spread the hay on the stack? .
As anybody can make a hay sweep
and a stacker. the charge for the use
of these simp , implements should be
very small. Something should be al
lowed for wear and tear on mower and
rake. While we are at it. how much
does it cost to load a ton of hay on
a wagon with pitchfork? How much
when the work is done with a loading
machine? How much does it cost to
unload a ton into the barn with pitch
forks, and how much when the work
is done with a horse fork?
While I have but twenty-five acres of
grass, yet. to pay for the harvesting at
the rate of S7 per ton is quite an item.
A farmer doing such work for another
is. of course, entitled to a fair profit of
over and above the actual cost of doing
the work. Merchants are usually satis
fled with a net profit of from ten to
twenty-five per cent. above cost. In a
case like this perhaps fifty per cent.
more than the actual cost should be
allowed for profit.
If the readers of the Southern Planter
will give their actual experience as to
the cost of harvesting their hay crops,
an exchange of ideas is likely to re
sult in giving all :in opportunity for
le.ning the cheapest and best meth
u2. Supposing we start with real
grass crops or grass and clover mix
tures, what does the harvesting of
your hay crop actually cost you per
ton, figuring your time as well as the
time of teams and help?.
Rape and Artichoktes.
H. M. C.. Silcott Springs. writes: I
would like some information regarding
the culture of rape andl artichokes.
Answer: The culture of rape is a
comparatively small matter. It should
be seeded as early in spring as possi
ble. the sooner now the better. Plant
in drills about twenty-four inches apart
on the level, using about four pounds
of seed per acre. Cultivate lightly un
til the leaves touch the rows and then
you can graze with hogs or sheep. In
ase of sheep you should watch out for'
bloat.
Artichokes should be planted as soon
as possible in rows about three feet
apart and fifteen to eighteen inches
anart in rows. Froin four to six bush
els are recluired to plant an aere. The
groud should he' prepared as for Irish
p)otatoes and the c'ultivaition is practi
aiy the same. As a rule artichokes
will yield about twice as much as
Irish potatoes. From two to four
weeks after they bloom hogs may b'*
turned in the field and allowed to root
out and feed on the artichokes. They
will live on the crop practically all the
winter except when the ground is
frozen. They make an excellent graz
ing crop for hogs and are fairly satis
factory when fed to cattle and sheep.
Artichokes grow rapidly and are heavy
and will remain in the ground for sev
eral years. unless the hogs are allowed
to root them out very thoroughly. -
A. M. Soule.
Permianenlt Pastures.
Every farmer should have a perma
nent pasture, depending in extent on
the size of the farm. Of course the
great permanent pasture grass is Ber
mudla and JTapan elover. Bermuda
:{nd winter vetch also make an excel
lt pasture also orchaird grass and
V~t(h'~e2 an deiilen t permanent
rasture, and so on. These permanent
lIastures are of the greatest importance
Ifor the farm work stoek. the farm cat
te, bogs, ete.-Progressive Farmer.
Pointed Paragraphs.
A French .iournal thinks that histor
ians the world over must feel some
what uneasy because of a recent case
in the Paris courts. M. de Bertier de
Sauvigny has brought suit against Ar
mand Dayot for alleged defamation of
his grandfather, Bertier de Sauvigny,
in his illustrated history of France, in
which the said grandfather is pictured
hanging from a lamp post with the
roes around his neck, while the text
says he deserved his fate.
At Williamsburg Councilman E. H.
Proctor has Introduced an ordinance
in the city council prohibiting cows
from running at large in the city.
Many residents own cows and it is like
ly that a fight will be made against
the proposed ordinance.
At Smith's Cross Roads Bruce
Barnes. youngest son of M'. W. L.
Barnes, was thrown from a horse and
seriously hurt. Little Btiee is about
10 years old and was attempting to
ride an unbroken colt, when he was
thrown against a large tree.
ASK FOR A __IIANEJ
Cotton Men Take Up An setercsting
Matter
AN ADDRESS 10 THE ASSOCIATION
President Jordan and Secretary
Cheatham Declare That Efforts Are
Being Made to Divert Attention
From Deficiencies of the Agricultu
ral Department System Itself to the
"Thieving Propensities 'of a Few
Unworthy Officials."
Washington, Special.-President Jor
an and Secretary Cheatham, of the
Southern Cotton Association, issued a
tatement addressed to the members of
the association, calling attention to the
recent disclosures in the cotton statis
:ical work in the Department of Agri- 3
culture, declaring that efforts are being
made to divert attention from the "de
riciencies" of the system itself "to the
thieving propensities of a few unwor
thy officials" and setting forth de
mands to be riadv on Congress to re
rrm conditions. The statement fol
ows:
'To the Miembers of the Southern Cot
ton Associatin:
"The members of the association
iave been apprised through the public
press from day to day of the work done.
by the officers of the association at
Washington. As a result of their char
ges the unreliability of the reports of
the Department of Agriculture relating
to the cotton crop has been fully dis
losed, and the mal-administration of
that Department under its present head
had been made evident.
"Following these exposures, efforts
are now being made to divert public
attention from the main issue, which is
the imperfections of the Department,
toward an attempted prosecution of
anybody who can be found as a scape
goat. Their punishment, even if it is
accomplished, is of secondary impor
tance as compared vith the reforma
tion of the system which has made
their performances possible, and the
purpose of this address is to secure
the co-operation of the members of this
association in influencing in every le
itimate way a reformation of the sys
em, and a re-organization of the De
partment.
"The membership of this association,
numbering nearly one million, includes
the producers of the most valuable pro
duct of American agriculture. The cot
ton crop of the United States, and its
by-products is worth between $600,000,
000 and $700,000,000 annually. It fur
nishes two-thirds of our annual trade
balance, and in its production and
manufacture employs many million in-.
dividuals. No other product of the
United States is of greater or equal
importance. The practical monopoly of
otton which America enjoys, and the
narrow balance which has existed for
years between sufficiency and scarcity
in the world's cotton supply, render the
cotton market peculiarly and acutely
susceptible to the reports of the De
partment of Agriculture regarding the
condition anid prospects of the cotton
crop. Under the present circumstances
a great duty devolves upon the mem
bers of the association. We are less
concerned with what has been done by
a few individuals and the consequen~es
therof. regrettable as this may be,
than with such reformation of -iepart
mental methods as shall secure for us
just and accurate reports in future.
"Under the system at present in
vogue, and which promises to be un
disturbed unless public attention shall
be aroused to the need of reform, the
reports issued by the Department of
Agriculture are, in their last analysis,
simply the individual opinion of a few
officials of doubtful experience and
honor by which the value of the cotton
rop may be, and has been, affected as
much as $75,000,000 in a single day. No
such power should be delegated to any
individual, or statistical board, except
under conditions which guarantee the
most incorruptible, expert and intelli
gent opinion, arrived at by the appli
cation of the most scientinic methods
nd safeguarded by the most scientific
precautions. It is. therefore, urgently
ecommended to the members of the
Southern Cotton Association that
through their representatives in Con
ress, and by every other means avail
able to them, they exert their influence
and that of the association toward se
uring the immediate re-orgamlzation
f the Agricultural Department, es
eially with reference to its reports
n t cotton crop, and that their Rep
resentatives in Congress be requested
specifically to demand:
"1. The establishment within the De
partment of Agriculture of a bureau, to
b known as the Cotton Bureau, charg
ed specially and solely with the duty
of reporting upon the cotton crop and
all matters concerning that staple.
"2. The appointment as the head of
that bureau, at an adequate salary, of
a man whose reputation and antece
dents shall be beyond reproach, and
whose familiarity with cotton cultiva
tion shall be an additional guarantee
of his ftness.
"3. An organization of the bureau so
established upon thoroughly scientinec
lies, as will insure no possible bias
in favor of either buyer or seller, or
producer or manufacturer can be pre
supposed or asserted.
"4. The passage of a law that will
be more specific in its scope, and under
which government employes can be
prosecuted for giving away or selling
valuable information, as has been do
in the Statistical Bureau.
"We have no doubt of the zeal of th
officers of the Department, but it see
to be as misdirected in this crisis
it was in the antecedent period. Al
the powers and influences of the D
patment, of the lawyers and of eve
an of the government, seems to
devoted to the attempt to drag-net
lot of irresponsible speculators. Tha
tere have been for years leaks in th
Department is as well known to t
trade as the existence of the Dp
m ent itself: but these are insignlifiAef
a compared with the fundamental m
management. At this time, howeve
there is a manifest endeavor to dive
attention from the radical errors an
deficiencies of the Department itself
the thieving propensities of a few ui
wothy officials. Let us not be ms
by any such misdirected energy.
'as reform at the top and not Qfl
side. Let us root out the offende
cleanse the personnel, change the m
od and renovate the Department fro
root to branch. Then the cause of co
ton and good government will alike
erervd in Rooseveltian fashion.
"HARVIE JORDAN,
"President Southern Cotton Ass~n
"ICHARD CHEATHAM, Sec'y,

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