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The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, September 23, 1885, Image 1

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VOL XLII. ' WINNSBORO, S. G, WEDNISDAY^S^^ 23, 1885. ' ^ ^
n .* - -
The Chorister.
Snow on the high-pitched minster roof anc
spire,
Scow on the bouyha of the leafless lindei
trees:
Snow on the silent ?:cets and squares tba
freeze
Under night's-wing down-dropping nigfc am
. nfcher.
w Inside the church, \r;'taoi the shadowy choir
2>tm. burns the l?inps lijse ligh ts on vapOroui
* seas:
^ * Drowned are tiw so?d roned litanies;
Blurred as in dro*3JS l5fc voice of priest anc
choir, :*
Cold hath numbed seziu* to slumber here! Ba
hark,
Ome swift soprautN sowing Mke& lark,
MQ Startles the Etilljsess; throbs that soul o:
are.
Beats around hc'a and isle, floods echcinj
t dark
gL With exqub*n> aspiration; higher and high
er,
Yearns io >a*rp anguish of untold desire.
. ?JchnAddington Symonds.
; Jjeaders.
df Tb*-C*.a, bruins as the Moors drew near.
p& Erected that hie officers should lead
lis corpse to battle mounted on the steed
He rode through all the storm of his career.
They did. Wherever towerod that cbieftaii
dear,
For victory there was uo other need.
The foe's prpud front was broken like i
k * reed * - .
And he was scattered in a gale of fear.
So. like that .Mthurrof romantic Spain,
Though dead, the~lofty ones of allthe age;
Sti 1 ;c*ad us o'er the world's vast battle-plain
Up'-.u the faithful steeds? of history's pages
.And, by their presence, rally and sustain, ;
Whilst the great war 'twixt Truth and E<yo"i
rages.
, ?Franklin E Dustin, in The Current
L v ?
^ ril i: B AjRTHCELPI STATUE.
Fair France's Great Statue?Its HistoryOther
Statues.
the" statue's eustort.
The history of the gTeat undertaking
N which will give New York Harbor the
^ * largest statue iu theoworld begins nearer
- ly ten years ago, when the first steps
were taken in the matter by a body oi
kS distinguished frenchmen, enthnsiastic
lovers of liberty, whom its originator
and creator then interested in his , noble
conception. These gentlemen fdrm->
ed themseiv.es. into a society called the
Union Franco Americaine de- -France,
L * , and held a banquet Nov. 6, 1875, to in K
anoTirate the nroiect M. Bartholdrs
p design was enthusiastically approved,
and a subscription for the erection oi
the statue be^tm. The City of Paris
subscribed $2,000, and in" five years
France had subscribed, chiefly in small
- sums, the $250,000 necessary for this
purpose... Another banquet was then
3 held iff the French Capital, at which
E an address to the people of the United
States was adopted, recalling the alB
liance of France with this Nation in
the cause of liberty during the Revolutionary
War, and embodying senti_
ments expressive of their hearty ac
cord in the maintenance of democratic
W principles of government Work on
" -the colossal statue was promptly begun
under the superintendence of its
designer, who has-witnessed its completion.
The United States Minister
to France atthat -time, JHSx.i Jforton,
^ drove the first spike, Oct 24,1881, rivet'
^ ' in?r the first" of the bolts which were to
* . . join the statue to the pedestal. Only
?- the right arm, head, and shoulders
were at that time ready, but all the
plaster, castswere completed, and
steady work was bein??done with the
bronze of which the statue is .made.
The hand and? wrist holding the -fcrch
had already arrived in America in time
^ to be exhibited at the. Centennial Exhibition,
and were afterward temporw
arily placed in Madison Soirare,\rrew
yS<\^ XorkMeanwhile
on this side of the Atlantic
measures of co-operation with Ahe
geaerous^French - nation were taken.
Jani.2,:'jS77, a;meeting of citizens of
New York waS held for the- purpose.of
; presenting the undertaking to the
- American people, to promote the. legislation
necessary for the reception and
inauguration of the statue, and to create
financial means for erecting a suitable
foundation and pedestal.- Congress
passed a resolution .providing for
the erection of the statue on Bedloe's
yt * Island, New York Harbor, and for its
r ^ maintenance in good order. Moreover,
its formal reception by the Presi*
- #'lr - r~r * _ .3 r?u._ ^.
cent 01 too u aueu otates uu ucuajjl vj
the government was secured, and President
Grant thanked the French pea
pie for the gift by autograph letter.
An address to the people of this coon^
try asking subscriptions was writtei
^ and circulated, but funds have come
- in with provoking slowness, and the
statue has seen dark days when its fate
trembled in the balance.
_ . -US STEE. .
...
Springing- up fron* -the--waters ci
- New York Bay, near the center of the
harbor, and commanding^ an unobstructed
view out through the Narrowf
k,- to the ocean, Bedloe's Island is an esBT
pecially favorable site for the erection
of a beacon-light that shall at once
grade the mariner to a safe haven and
symbolize to the emigrant when he .firsi
reaches our shores the idea of libertj
which has been so largely instrumental
L v in bringing him hither." The island it
JP self is muck larger-than appears eithei
from the New York shore or from the
lithographic pictures of statue and island
which have recently been scattered
over'the country. It has && area
of four or five acres> and will doubtless
be a delightful breathing-place for th?
city resident, and a ilecca to the won^
. der-huntia^ country, visitor, when il
r _ has received the last beautifying touches
of the Pedestal Committee and return'
V ed to the Government.
The foundation on which the pedestal
' i* - tal is to rest is a vast mass of gravel,
and sand, and lime, ninety-one fee!
r square at the base, sixty-seven feel
square at the top, and" fifty-two feel
ten inches in height. It rests on a bed
of gravel some twenty feet below the
surface. This huge mass :df what is
k for all practical .purposes a solid block
ff ofgrange represen ts the actual work,
outside of. plans and designs,- which
jgfc has thus far been -done for the recepW
tiQOrOJUhe.staiue. -4Jpon ihi3 will-be
bu2t~the-"granite* pedestal, 117 "feet
^ high, and twenty feet square, .at the
top. The facing of the pedestal is oi
Leetes Island (Conn.) granite, wbiqjji
k is rich purple in color and of great endurance.
The statue will be anchored
to this pedestal by -heavy iron rods
passing from each corner of the statue
through the pedestal to its- base. The
statue itself is 151 feet high, made of
copper and iron, and weighs nearly 200
^ tons. An elevator and a stairway will
ascend from the base .of. the pedestal
up through ihe statue to the cead,
whence the stairs will continue through
the uplifted aim to the^ torch held in
the hand. Upon the small balcony beneath
the torch there is standing room
ft- . ior niteen persons, xne neiguc or ine
entire affair is reckoned s? follows:
? Height of' base of foundation--above
higa-v?atermark, 8 feet; height of fonndatiortrUiass,
53 feet-height of pedestal,
117feetjheight of statue, 151 feet
V- *. "'TOTAL ' 829 .FEET. '
i - ^
This raises-ihe torch seyerai feet
aboye tfefr picnacle of Trinrty church
' spire,' the loftiesv - edl?ce in ".the city
proper, and makes it nearly as hi^h as
the Vater-tower on the bluff near High
Bridge, which is the highest point
above the sea-level ia. the city.An incomparably
beautiful view will be had
of the harbor, the city, and the surrounding
country from the apex'of the
. statueAside
from its value as an earnest of
French good wili as an artistic triVumph,
and as an; observatory, the
statue will bo useful *as a lighthouse.
A powerful electric light Will illuminate
the world by night from the torch,
while a coronet of lights will be placed
on the spurs of the diadem. It is calculated
that these lights will be visible
on a clear night at a distance of eightyeight
miles at sea. This will make the
statue one of the most important light;
houses on the coast.
j The outer wall of the fort, which cov- j
i ers about half of the island, and comes
down nearly to the water's edge on the j
southern side of it, is to be left standing,
and will make a very massive and
cftVc.tive frame for the statue, v'-ich
will be placed iu its centre. From the
1 inner or parade wall of the fort a terrace
will rise to the base.of the pedes\
tal?the space benoath tha'iterrace beting
utilized for the machinery for the
, electric lights and the elevator.
. THE SCULPTOR.
The distinguished French sculptor,'
r Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, by whose
hands the repousse statue of "Liberty
Enlightening the World" has beien
shaped, was born at Colinar, iaFrance,
~ and is about 50 years of age.,.. '' j?.As
a pupil of the famous Ary Scheffer,
his artistic ability was recognized
in the bas-relief of "Francesca de Rimini,"
executed in 1S52. His name was
. first brought into prominence, how-.
; ever, in the United States in 1872,when
_ his well-known statue of Lafayette was;
forwarded as a giit'frbm ihe* people of:
. I ftmnnin TTnlnn Smifiro. .
I New York div. /
' " At the Ceiiteritilai where lie was one
of the French Commissioners. he was
' ^awarded ^ medal lor the ^exhibition oz
, tiie bronze sta'tnes of "Peace." "Thef
' Young Vine;GroweV\and ^'Genius in
the Grasp of M.sory." He is also a
, Chevalier of tho L?giou* of-Honor in
his native country.
It was his wish that.France should'
present to the people of the United'
Stales a suitable . gift commemorative1
of the. traditional feeling of good will
existing between the two Nations. He
therefore volunteered his artistic services
for the construction of" "an enormous
figure representing "Liberty En-;
lightening the World," to be placed on!
Bedioe's Island in New York Harbor,;
and he became so enthusiastic in carrviug
on the project that when sub-!
scriptions lagged he pledged iiis own
private fortune to defray the runniug*
expenses of the work.
Bartholdi has made his mark in Pa-;
risinn art, and is at present engaged:
in the sculpture of a ntassi.ve lion out
. ch tne^soiiu rocs, ui me suw ui a uiuuuatj
Bellord, which will bo eighty
~feetTong and thirtyfeet high.
Gen, Charles P. Stone, formerly of
.- .the United States army, has been en-:
gineer-in-chief of the undertaking, and
Kichard^M. Hunt architect-in-chief.
.. ANCIENT MONUMENTS. j
The conception of monumental work 1
seems to be characteristic of a certain
idegree in x?e advancement ia? the ^vilization
of nations. Without mentioning
monuments properly so-called?
dolmens, menhirs, columns and pyra-j
' miris?we generally discover in the
history of all great nations mention of!
some one colossal statue. Its concep-:
tion often mars the apogee of local
progress- The ancients erected maby:
immense Works in honor .of theH"_^i-'
vinities. With them the omnipotence;
" J a.. J J I
01 a goa oiten appeared to uepeuu ua
the magnitude of his image, which, i
however, they' always try to endows
with all possible force and majesty.
The most imposing figures we recognize
as their most powerful and most
venerated gods, -in ancient-Egypt the ;
colossi formed an essential decollation \
of the grand temples and palaces. Besides
its magnificent pyramids, its obe
lisks 100 feet in height, its gigantic
E tombs, its innumerable and enormous .
. sphinxes, E^ypt was covered with stat.
ues fifty and sixty feet high, cut from
, single blocks of "stone.
Herodotus mentions the colossus of
L Osiris, which was ninety-two feet high,
j Ai Memphis a few years a^o there was j
exhumed the statue of Rameses IL, j
} which was forty-nine feet high. Before
the entrance to the palace of Luxor
were seated four similar colossi forty
feet high. Near.Gournaii can still' be
' seen tire fragments of a gigantic seated
! statue of Samesis the Great, cut from
: I a single x.ed,,-granite stone. The two
' colossi of Memnon measure more than
" sixty-two feet each, and with their
\ pedestal weigh more than 1,436 tons.
| The four seated statues which dec[
orate the facade of the great temple of
Isamboul were ^ixty-ona feet high.
The Greeks, also, erected many stat'
.ues to their divinities; they were most
' frequently of bronz* or covered with
plates- of gold and ivory.
! The Minerva of Phidias was thirty
nine feet high. la reality it was a
' wooden statue, supported ou the in1
side-by- iron-work, and covcred with
- beaten and sculptured sheets of gold
1 and plates of ivory finely carved. This
'J was all put together jvith ; so much
- -nicety of handling that -it was i'mpossi
ble to discover the joints. The celebrated
Jupiter Olympus, by the same
sculptor, was also of gold and ivory.
The god was represented seated, and
1 was forty-two feet high.
' Phidias made several other colossal
| Minervas, one of which, the "Athena
' Promachos," was entirely of bronze,
ULLLJ IU DJAVJ AWU ii-i w*v^
' sus of Rhodes,.; the wprp of Chaxe^ of
; Lindos, was:erected 300'years B.: C.,
' hi 'honor of'ApoHoi/ ^Sjre instability
it was filled with .'large stones.
' Neve^tiieless it.-waa-overthrown by an
Rome, the Empire,
erecfi^rinscT' c'olpss^fefonze saitues,
^ duciisg' tiie&iifeiimfc.of. Xero,
; ,Budjla;;^e^^-.^^^- 1s
. of w'oocfr^i^py carved,
j WooS^^K^pV^^rrare as the
v wood^ &n,se;0t'2broy, lissfcJrardly ever
been employed 'in. cbiossal statuary,
saveinthe interior? of temples.
;- " 3o^'pi^;EB^~whic^>?as recently
j4esof: Ei^^esfcSeotl&nd, was
found to7cOS8^.SRKB^jp?iizs^aung
fr?5B^^;pl^ist?>ric times. Titer were
planted and-a* once "began I5"germinate
t. after 3 sleep, of ages.
. .The sea otter catch of Alaska is
worth more than half that of all other
furs put together (the fur seals being
- excluded), after that tke others coming
in their order of value of catch",- being
; marten (sable), blackfox, beaver,. rod
; fox, cross fox," land otter, blue -fox,
mint, lynx, white fox, brown bear,
muskrat, black bear and wolf.
' . -f
PRACTICAL ART.
-Some Recent Achievements iu That Line.
Twenty miles is the distance penetrated
by the improved fog-signals now
in use. This power, it appears, is
gained by two slotted cylinders, one
fixed and the other revolving in it.
The slots, as they pass one another,
stop or cut off the passage of con^pressed
air or steam, thus causing a series
oTvibrations, and, consequently, a musical
note, the pitch of which depends
upon the speed of the revolving cylinder.
In order to vary this note it is
only necessary to control this velocity;
The double-note horn is formed with a.
casing, withiu which area fixed slotted
cylinder and a revolving cylinder moving
upon a spindle. The slots aro
formed in oach cylinder at opposite in
clined angles, so tbat the motive fluid
impinging against a number of inclinr
ed places causes the inner cylinder to
revolve with great rapidity, carrying
two disks. These are attached to the
common spindle, and upon their peripheries
are pressed levers, -inder the
action of small pistons operated by diaphragms,
to rhe outer surface of which
compressed air is admitted. Oue brake
is put on for a high note, both brakes
for a low note.
Large quantities of timber are now
creosoted at the West in a special manner,
for railroad purposes, the effect
bein^ to increase the tenacity of the
wood for holding spikes, etc., as well
as its density and ability to resist mechanical
wear. This is done by means
of an apparatus consisting of. a boilerr
or-linHm- ni' *i ;>i?nnteri tr> tlio
ruw/ ?v.,
timber; this cylinder is o? a streugth
sufficient to resist 300 pounds prossure
per square inch, and bias a track ^extending
for its whole4eugth alo&g the
bottom, the cylinder'^ ends being closed
by strong ixon doors,_atr and wafer
ti^ht. When timber has been ran into
the cylinder and the doors closed,
sMim at about 100 pounds pressure 'is
ejected into the cylinder, "the. supply,
continuing as required' by the nature
and dryness of the wood; the steam is
then shut off. and vacuum pmmps
worked ris long as any liquids or vapors
art; obtained, the hot preserving liquid
- ? -.it-' it
oeiag now.rujj jutu me ujuuuer uuiu
the "reservoir until full. The force
pumps are again operated until tho interior
pressure is sonielOO pounds per
inch, and kept thus until sufficient preservative
:fiuid is forced into tho p.orejS
of the wood; the force pumps- are now
-shut off, and tho creosote oil or other
liquid contained in the cylinder, is discharged
in'a-suitable cistern, after1
which the doors at the ends of the cylinder
are^openeu a:id the car carrying
tiie timber-of lies run ont.__ _
A gre^Cf&fciny napfkin^jafiEDther articles
of,ij5e?ulncss are' novy made j in
Europ^f^m^lLo bark of-^tbc paper
mulberry, ; The bai-k ioi?^ics&">purpo?es
is first, dried in tberair fir two. or
thr^e-rfsjsjtacii plunged ;for' tw-entyfoifriljbars
in ^current xjf jfresh wsctefc,
aftfer. which. vY^h the^ijiof pAr.ti.oularkind
of cord; tue-tvro &peeies\^of tibres&f.
whicjh -Hfcis*'c'onip w&ed are ?separafejL?---Xjii>
interior fibres those
from- -which' line '.paper is j made? they
afcs r6flec& iktp t bada weighing iabpat
tliirty-^e'~potukte^cach,T WhicliVire
Wsbed^ anew in running / wkter,._ in
#hicfr t^ey'^e^-allosrcd fto (soak La
sifevjfc tim^thaii -p.rei^b^sly, anU "are
then1#rled; finatly"^bey -are bbifed'iin
iye made irom the ashes, of? buckwheat
Hour, constat ^rriD^&i&g- kept up; ]
another washing in pure water carries
away the last impurities, and the-fibres
arc next pounded' with hammers of
wood.for. about twenty minutes; after
this they are a second time rolled into
balls, and finally transformed into
palp, rice-watcr being m?xed with -it.
The subsequent treatment of the pu>p
is identical with, that of the ordinary
manufacture'of p&jjer. "Leather paripr"
is nhfcrnnad br the sunernositirm
of many sheets of -the material previously
steeped in "yonoko," pressed,
afid glazed with "sheilas."
The operation has been successfully
accomplished by a German chemist of
'separating. rags' of cotton and wool
mixeii-oy subjecting them to the action
of a jet of superheated- steam. -Un
a pressure of five atmospheres
wool melts and sinks to the bottom of
the receptacle; while cotton, linen, and
other vegetable fibres stand,' thus remaining
suitable for paper manufacture.
The liquid mud which contains
the wool precipitated by this means is
then desiccated; the residue, to which
is given the name of azotine,' is ' completely
.soluble in watea, and is valuable
on. account cf its nitrogen. The increased
value of the pnlp free from
wool is sufficient to cover-the cost of
the process.?New. York Sun. I
A Kissing Hero .
When Gen. ~ Sherman was in Ed
ivardsviiie, ill., tne omer aay, several
little circumstances occurred which
were not down on the bills and would
nor :be meniioned- were it not for the
fact that the ladies recently -visited
by the oscnlatory-hero h^e: been
heralded far and near as making such
favorable impressions upon the general
as to render irresistible the impulse to
kiss them., .The,young ladies of Ed"wardsville
are just as attractive as
those of any other-city, and the general,
with his experience, was quick to.
note this fact. After the :-G. A. R. exercises,
the other night, the stage of the
opera-house was invaded by a bevy of
young ladies, who_were to rehearse a
cantata. The gray-bearded veteran
struggled manfully to 'maintain his
hard-earned reputation of kissing each
pretty girl he meets, but found himself
very busy kissing every lady introduced,
as there were no exceptions to
the general's mle, including only pretty
girls. - His well-known pcnchant had
preceded him, and one young lady
"just vowed -she wouldn't let him kiss
her," but before she knew it the wily
veteran grasped both her hands and
planted squarely on her mouth a kiss,
unlike the Henry *Y. kiss in that it was
not lingering in its character, but
sounded like a plank had cracked. -The
affair was'evidcntly reii'shod by all bnt
the young gentlemen Who witnessed,
but were not. .allowed to participate,
and regretted that they had not eopne
into tho world early ehoqgb to have
won fame, and become veterans in the
late unpleasantness-?Louisville Commercial
. I
It .has been lately discovered that the
body of John T?oxe, author of the famous
"Book of Martyrs," was interred
oh tho south side of the chanoel of St. *
Giles' Church, Cripplegate, London, of
which church and parish he was for
some time vicar. A slab which had
been overlaid has been found on the'
" ? ; J 1 ' .
western wau ox saau uuutujj, ueanug
theioiiowing; inscription: "John Foxe,
thfemost faithful martyro^cgist of - the
pharch of England, the post saap&obs
most valiant'defeniicr of-'ine evangelical
troth, a wondrous-wprk6r:of:mif3cies,
who presented .the-' Marian ihartrrs,
like phoenixes, alive from their
ashes." _
The Power of a Physician.
"The art of the physician can do
much to remove its subjects from deadly
and dangerous influences, and something
to control or arrest the effects of
these influences. But look at the records
of the life-insurance offices, and
see how uniform is the action of nature's
destroying agencies. Look at
the annual reports of the death in any
of our great cities, and see how their
regularity approaches the uniformity
of the tides, and their variations keep
pace with those of the'seasons. The
inundations of the Nile are not more
certainly to be predicted than - the-vast
wave of infantile disease which flows
in upon all our great cides with" the
growing heats of july?than the fevers
and dysenteries which visit ;our rural
districts" in the months of the "falling
leaf.-- ::
v'.'Tho " nh-eo5f>i??n wfitohfis tliasa
changes JRS: the-^troaomer watches the
rise of the great jiTer.r He longs to.
rescue individa&ls; to protect- communities
frbn^th^inroadi of these destroying
ag^<^j^Ho-*ass& ali,,the-means
which: experience-has approved,
tries every r&tionai jncthod which" ingenuity
can suggest Some-|o3rtunate
recovery: leads him- to he Ifcis
hit upon a .preventive or. -s rchre-ior a
malady yrMc^-h^;resistM;i^i^^wn
rcme&es,' - ^^res'ca^;rpatient':'soTQfids
his praises, -andVu of--h?patient's
friends "joins- m :ar. chorus "Of
eulogies- Seifflov^e applauds-, him" for
his sagacity.;,Self-invest' i congratulates
him on his. having. 'fbundtEerbad
to fortune;'- the'^nse of- h^ying,pwfV6d
a-benefactor of- hitk- race-smooths the
pillow,on which- he lays.i^-hea^;to
dream of ;t^'vbrillknt future opex^g
before him- If a ; singJe colncideEce
mav lead a Person bf-Sfta^uine disriosi
tion to believe- that he has mastered. a
disease1 which has baffle*! all-whowere
before-his ij^c^and.oiLwhich.his iontemporaries
looked in hopeless impotence,
what1 must be-the effect 'of a
series of such coincidences even on a
mind of calmer temper! Such series of
coincidences will happen, and they
may well deceivc the very elect. Think
of Dr. Rush?you know what a famous
man he was, the very head and front of
American medical scienco in his day?
and remember how he spoke about
yellow fever, which he thought he had
mastered. "Thus
the physician is entangled in
the meshes of a wide conspiracy, in
which he and his patient and their
friends, and- Nature herself are involved.
What wonder that the -history
of medicinc should be to so groat
an extent a record of self-delusion!
"If this seems a dangerous concession
to the enemies of the science and
art of healing, I will remind you that
It is all implied in the iirst aphorism of'
Hippocrates, the Fat' ir of Medicine.
Do not draw a wrong inference from
the frank statement of'the difficulties
which beset .the medical practitioner.
Think rather, if truth is so hard, of attainment,
how precious ai*e the results
which the consent of the wisest and
most experienced among the healers of
men agrees iu accepting. Think what
folly it is to cast them aside in favor of
palpable impositions stolen from the
records of forgotten charlatanism, or
of fantastic speculations spun from
the squinting brains of theorists as
wild as the Egyptian astronomer.
"Begin your medical studies, then,
by reading the fortieth and the follow
mgfour chapters oj &asseias, *our
first lessou will teach ydu modesty $nd
caution in the pursuit of the most der
ceptive of all practical branches of
knowledge. Faith will como later,
when you learn how much medical
science and. art have actnally achieved
for the relief of mankind1, and how
great are the promises it holds out of
still larger triumphs over the enemies
of human health and happiness.1'^
Oliver Wendell llolmes, in July Atla,n'!
i "ni '
The Extent of Human TrafeL
The moyemeqt of persons has undergone
quite as important a growth as
that of goods. In the "Review of the
World's Economy," already named,
the number of passengers carried by
all the railroads in all parts of - the
world, in 1882, is estimated-at 2,400,000,000,
or an average of six and half
million a, day. The absolute number
of passengers carried on steamers is
smauer; dul nere, as wag aiso me cast
with goods, they are carried for longer
distances, and more days' journeys,
than on railroads; so that, estimated
by the mile or ' the day, the amount
both of freight and passenger work the
steamers do will appear to much better
advantage.
- The significance of the facilitation of
passenger transportion is derived principally
from its effccts on social conditions,
civilization, and customs. One'
of the most important of these effeets
is illustrated in emigration, which has
assumed grand dimensions under the
I operation of the new-methods ol .communication.
Of the twelve and a. half
million emigrants who. went to the
tjnited States between the recognition
of. thoif independence, and 1888, not
more than a million belong to the time
previous to the-.establishment of regular
passenger communication by
steamer vrith Europe, about 1844. As
a'result of the establishment of this
method of communication,':and ofthe
building of railroads that opened the
Mississippi Valley and the western
part of the continent, emigration assumed
colossal proportions. Besides
the amelioration of the voyage, which
has bepopip an affair of not mere
than ten or twelve days, for emigrantvessels,
the improved fare, the cheaper
rate of passage, and the1 punctuality
and increased "safety of the transit,
may be marked as circumstances contributing
to this result?Eerr C. Eerzog,
in Jfopular Science Monthly.
Mr. Charles A. Dana relates the following
reminiscence of Andrew Johnson,
whom he met in a hotel in Richmond,
immediately after the Union
troops had entered the city. On shaking
hands, Mr. Johnson began to express
his views concerning the necessity
of severe punishment for the chiefs
of the confederacy. To which Mr.
Dana replied; "Why urge these opin\ir\r\r\
moO Afr T.innnln will Via
here this morning; or to-morrow, and
he'has the decision of the question."
"I know that," rejoined Mr. Johnson,
"but the subject is of such moment,
and it is so necessary that an example
be made, that I wish to argue the
question with every gentleman I
meet."
Pocket-knife making is practically
dead in Naugat"ck. A few years ago
four factories werb running to their
fullest capacity, giving employment to
hundreds of men, and supplying the
country with thousands of gross of
pocket cutlery annually. Not a single
knife is being made to-day, and the
chances are far-from promising that
the industry will ever'bo revived to
any extent
v
Hints for Housewives.
Preserves and cranberries, if stewed
together, make delicious filling fur pies
or for. tarts, or may oveu be used as
sauce.
Odd and antique- chests or -tables are
placed ia hall alcoves, and are orna
mented with statueites. The cardbasket
stands in tho centre on a.fancy
mat.
J The -gravy made from roast lamb is
much improved in ilavor if a few thin
slices.of bacon are laid over and under
the roast.; r!
; If the surface of frnit-jellics is covered
one-fourtii of an inch, deep with
loaf-sugar, fin$y pulverized, they will
"keep-in good condition and no mold
jrenetrate;
" The newest sofa cushions are made
three-quarters of a yard square, and
are filled with,fine featliers instead of
down. Plush forms one'side, and fine
felt cloth the..other.
Quaiat lifctl?i foot-stools are .made of
plush or velyet with "Best thy weary |
feet", embroidered in one corner, and a
large satin ribbon bow placed on the
opposite corner.
Bed-room curtains.for the.winter are
'made veiy "full and heavy, without bor
ing looped back. . Crimson cotton
plush is used for. them and is really
ttiAU WJUTUl OS W-UJJ. <*?> UXJCiiy.
"* A-1 great convenience in the bathroom
or above; the wash-stand is a
splasher made of enamel clothe with
tWo or three pockets. Bind the edges
frith scarlet braid. The packets are
useful for holding brushes, a sponge,
and other such articles. ;
; Blotters are made quite ornamental
.by cutting them any shape that is
lied, ana fastening four or five together
by a-delicate ribbon 'bow; on
the outer blotter paint in water /colors
is8me pleasjtut.design?Greenaway figu??s;
or a bunch of flowers. In some
cdses. a little calendar is combined with
the design, which renders them more'
/ How varnished paint may be cleaned.
? Save the tea leaves; from the teapot
for a. few days; then put them, into a
tin pan, with water enongh to cover
well; let them' simmer on the back of
the stove for half an hour, then strain
and add water enough to go over the
paint with; use..a flannel cloth, and
wipe the paint dry. A very bright
polish will be given, and all traces of
-feiger marks will be Temoved.
To take out grease or fresh paint ?
Use chloric ether, rubbing it on the
grease-spots. For paint, the ether
should be applied Jon the other side.
Benzine is almost equally good, but
must. not" be used near the fire or gas.
If candle-grease has dropped on the
floor, lay . a coarse folded Wown paper
over it and smooth' with a hot iron,
which draws it out; If trace remains,
cover it with French chalk for an hour.
. Undercut of shoulder of Mutton.-rRub.it
with salt and pepper, fill the inside'
with a .stuffling of,bread-crumbs,
butter and herbs; roS it. up into a ,neat
shape, binding it with.tape. PutiLin
a^fcw-nan with two; onions, two .carrots,
some herbs, pepper, salt, and a
little stock' of cold water. Cover and
stew or braise it sent!v over a slow fire,
or in the oven/ and baste it** often.
When almost done, take off; the; cover
and'let the meat, brown in the oven.
Before serving, remove the tape and
place the meat on a dish to keep hot in
the oyeg ^hile yoq. ? train the gravy
and boil it .down to.a strong glazing.Pour
this over the meat; an4 if yon
like,, put tomato, sauce, around the
meat .on . the platter.
Specialism in Medicine.
If specialists ^d not meet a distinct
want they would soon be driven off the
field. It 3s .idle to inquire whether in
this -instance the demand created the
supply, or vice versa; all that, we are
concerned -withv here is. the fact that
the public voice decisively approves of
the existence .;of specialists. .-.^This is.
Convincingly demonstrated as . ;time.
goes on by the increasing confidence
which is placed in their opinion and
advice. A striking confirmation of this
is- afforded by the circumstance , that
when medical men have, sickness in
their own. families 'they put prejudice
aside ancLinvoke tbe assistance of the
despised specialist. In my own pro
yince it is my pleasure ana my privilege
to treaty large number of my professional
brethren with whose personal
ailments or those of their wives and
children I am occupied during a considerable
portion of each working day.
Many other specialists are doubtless recipients
of the like indisputable. sincere
form of compliment The growing
favor with which * specialism is
looked on by tlie public is also fully
recognized by young physicians, and
still more by successful gcnoral practitioners
ambitious of emerging into the
more-rarefied a tmosphere of consulting
work." The press of competition is so
fierce in the present over-crowded state
of the medical }?;*uiession ;that unless a
man has sonic peculiar and decided advantage
oyer-the general run of-lus fellows
he stands no chance of coming to
the front Something more is necessary
nowadaj's for success in the higher
walks of medicine than mere gener- :
al - ability. - Supreme talent wul,- of .
course, ultimately; find its >level, unless
kept down by^ accident; or misfortune;
but for the average clever man there is
little prospect of brilliant success unless
he has (or can persuade- the world
he has) the power of doing some- par
ticular thing better than any one- else," I;
er at any rate pre-eminently welL?Dr.
Morell Mackenzie, in. FoTtrdgjhJXy Review.
Dietetic Errors as a Catisc of Disease.
I have come to the conclusion that a :
proportion amounting at least to more <
than one-half of the disease which im- i
bitters the middle and latter part'of i
life among the middle and npper class- <
es of the population is due to avoidable
errors' in diet Further, while such
disease renders so much of 'life*, for :
many, disappointing, unhappy, and :
profitless, a term of painful endurance, i
for not a few it shortens life considerably,
It wx>uld not be a difficult task? i
ahd its results if displayed here would i
Kn ctrTTrinar?tn aridnnn in sunnorfc of ]
these views a numerical statement "i
showing causes which prematurely <
terminate life among the classes refer- <
red to in this country, based upon the i
Kegistrar-General's reports, or by con- ;
suiting the records of life-assurance ex- j
perience. I shall not avail myself of '
these materials in this place, although j
it would be right to do so . in the columns
of.a medical journal. My object (
here is to call the attention of the pab j
lie to certain facts about diet which are 1
insufficiently 'known, and therefore in ad- i
equately appreciated. And I shall assume
that ample warrant for the ob- ]
servations made here is within my j
reach, and can be made available if re- j
quired.?Sir Henry Thompson, in Pop- :
ular Science, Monthly for JiUv. j i
I . v"---/-<. ?gg
Romanes .of Governess.
Accompanying Mrs. Lily Langtry on
her first tour in Ibis country as part of
her company were two English, actresses
who appeared under names which it
is not necessary now to mention. The
names, says the New York Tribune,
were assumed for ?tagc purposes, their
real family name being Warden. They,
were not as handsome as the profes-,
si'onal' beauty in whose train they followed,
hut ihey wore comely enough to
look upon, and Miss Florence Warden
w.i'S a lady of other abilities than those
which luted her for an -actress, for she
wax a charming story-teller, and" latterly
she has put this* special ability to"
profitable use in.the writing of some
interesting romances. If she badnot
chosen to pu.-fiish anonymously she
wouH almost have made fame for herself
with the general public, as she has
with those who detected her identity
as the writer of the books in question.1
Miss Blank, the actrcss, or .Miss.
Florence W arden, as she is now known,"
ty-pile on th<r. stage !used frequently to*
ttHJ-of an ativentnroi shdhad' .met with,
when quite young, and -which as she
would briefly relate it, was particularly
fascinating to her friends, and' -she
had often to retoll - it at the request of
friends who desired others to know it
When a young girl of 18 years she bad
answered an advertisement of a man
who wanted a governess for a child,
and who particularly specified that the
governess "must be youag." This
was-rather a suspicions specification,
but on inquiry the advertiser was found
to be a man of good reputation in his
neighborhood. brHe explained the peculiar
advertisement by Stating that- he
had an invalid wife who was of a
gloomy temperament. The govern ess
was expected not only to relieve the
wife of the care of her child, ;but also
to endeavor to cheer her up.; After being
installed the - governess -discovered
evidences that the wife Was predisposed
to iusanity. A servant was. s^t as a
watch-over the wife, and' she became a
spy upon the governess, because; as
tne governess tnougnt, tne authority
in the house was . deputed to her and
taken from the servant. This jealousy
went so far as to attempt to disfigure
the governess by causing her to fall
down the stairway, but; the. attempt
resulted only in the servant's own destruction.
Many mysterious persons
came and went; tho master and the
servant'moved about the rooms noiselessly;1
the master did not sleep in his
own house: and the -governess was put
in a room in the turret far above the
ground; while the wife, of whom the
master was evidently fond, was made
to sleep in a -cold, close -room' like a
damp cell. The mah himselff was a
particularly winning 'person, with fine
literary, musical and artistic totes; a
good painter; -and an accomplished Vi-'
olinist, with a peculiar habit of lockinghimself
in his study and playing for
hours at a time. But when thus performing
in' seclusion -his playing was
inferior to his public performauce;' the
difference was so great as to-cause re
marK- - . - - The'governeso
fell, in love with the
man in spite of the fact that he was
married, and;: though-she recognized
her danger, and onco resolved to leave
the house, she was so fascinated: by
him as. to be prevailed on to remain.
Mysterious robberies were committed
in the neighborhood, and the master of
the house skillfully directed the pursuit
of the robbers. He had planned a trip
for his sick child to Italy in care of the
f overness, who was to be chaperoned y
her .mother and escorted by himself.
Circumstances directed the attention
of the young governess to persons
whom she suspected of the robberies,
and she joined her employer, in
directing- pursuit of ' the men. - At
length they wore caught through informatioii.given
by the governess, and
the leader of the band, was found to be
?her employer. His wife proved to
have long been a helpless victim of his
iron will, whom he had pnfc up in a
cell of a room to kill her gradually.
The servant had been his. .accomplice
in numerous, forgeries; and the mysterious
persons who went and came about
the house were men who gave this
master the information on whioh he
planned some of the most daring robberies.
The men were tried in London
about ten years ago, amid the utmost
excitement, and the young lady was
the chief witness.
The "Cajnns."
Commissioner Harris, of Louisiana,
showed several pieces of homespun
cotton goods which he says were mode
by the "Cajuns." "Who are they?"
I asked. The word, he replied, is a
corruption of Arcadians, and is applied
to the descendants of those people
whose settlement in Louisiana ws?. immortalized
in Longfellow's "Evangeline."
Then, turning to the map, h?
showed me where the.- "Cajuns" live,
and gave an account of their homes
and the;r; simplicity: of Jife. Inolam
words he verified : the words; of Basil,
the blacksmith, as to the beauty of the
country and fertility of the soil and the
ease in which they lived. They are
almost like;the "lilies of the field" in
their freedom from toil. In a . little
patch around their houses they cultivate
what cotton they need for their
wearing apparel and such vegetables as
they use. .::
When the spring rains-.<jease: they go
out upon the prairie and examine the
depressions, from 'one to fiye acres in
patent, which, are then ponds of water,
a f found to be not more than eighteen
;nches deep they prepare to sow
their rice. First they soak" their seed
thoroughly then scatter it broadcast
oyer the pond from the backs of horses.
The weight of the soaked rice causes it
to sinl>, and they have no further care
for their crop until the harvest time
comes. Should a drought prevail in
spring they then scatter the seed upon
the dry ground. To prevent the birds
of the air from devouring it, the
"Cajun" looks out- over the prairie
where his herds are, and riding to the
nearest he drives the cattle back and
forth over the seed until it has been
trodden into tne sou.
Then putting up the light fence
around his rice plantation he goes home
satisfied. In July his crop is ready for
harvesting. For this he uses a sickle,
tossing the sheaves as?they fall into his
cart This is a cumbrous affair of wood,
even to the wheels and axles. No iron
is used in its construction. The oxen
are not yoked, but the tongue is made
East to loops fastened to their horns.
The sheaves are spread out upon the
prairie and the grain is trampled out
by the oxen, as it used to be when the
sdict went forth: "Thou shalt not mozsle
the ox that treadeth out the corn."
rhe grain is swept together, sacked,
carted home, and emptidd into a bin.
When any is needed for a meal the
* " n.
Housewiie wuces a SUmcienuy, ^uu*^
into a wooden handmill of simple con-'
struction, rubs off the hulls in a few
minutes, winnows it in a sieve, and
soon has it cooking.
The commissioner showed oa a mag.
i a place where, for six miles, the chief
crop of the "Cajuns" is gathered frorri
the orange trees. In selling this crop
a singular custom prevails. When the I
trees are blooming, a buyer, the 1
"diego" (why so called no one seems
to know) appears among them. After t
a week of conference, daring which he i
and they have had repeated whittling- matches,
a bargain is struck for the j
season's crop,, one-half.is. paid down in
cash and security j^ivenfor the balance, ,
and then the t*Cajtnis'J ' enjoy their
dolcefar niente with "frdm $1,600 to' *
?2,000 in hand for every liead :of the v
family, and as much more secured for *
; the future. Basil, the. blacksmith, did
not err when he told Evangeline of the h
wealth of these teeming lowlands.? c
New Haven Palladium^ . * -: ! s
Horace Greeley.
i . . I
"Well, well, here is a volnme that is I
becoming quite rare these days," ex- i
claimed a book-worm in a second-hand
; book stored? other day .as-his-eye fell r
; pn a worn ?uid'znusty-.-tome. "What I c
]&ow Abottt Farming." .,uWj?iefogfo. ?
body knows this is the book Writtefa;by; .
Horace Greeley way back in the^'fr^s.
Perhaps the Tisin^ "generation may be texcepted,
as the'-book- is 'now out of prmt^uad^wUIibe
a cnriosity iJi & halt
score years hence. ."Atone time it was _
pretty extensively read- It is. difficult "
to say, however, that much or any' f
benefit was derived from its perusaL"; 5
' res," retorted the party addressed,
"Horace was at great man in -his time. _ fc
It is not so very long since he-lias en- ;
itered eternity, yet his name is^now d
hardly ever mentioned^ - 3t was'ever n
thus.. Man's deeds* be they good or e
bad, they do not remain long fresh,aft-- tl
er the author is gone." Occasionally a
flash of his wit is repeated, a line from n
his sayings is- borrowed, but-it does j,
not induce posterity in -the least:, in re- tj
membering, much jess in reverencing j\
his memory. Duinng the forty odd
years that fiorace edited * the Tribune,
every editorial,, every farm article," 6
every news item:, every -commercial 0
paragraph, and every advertisement a
which appeared in the .paper was cred- *
ited to him by. many of his readers and .
admirers, reopie iorgot, or <na not y
take the time to think, that it was a' n
physical impossibility for the prolific n
and versatile Horace to. write even o
half of the editorials that appeared,
while his disquisiti<fns on 'Haw ,'io jt
Plant Squashes,' 'How to Raise Cu- S
cumbers,' or 'How to Destroy the e:
Festive Beetle,'were not so very numf p
erous. Greeley, when writing about
agriculture, always gave the /How' g
part much prominence." - 7" ^
"You seem to. be well posted on' gj
Horace,1' Temarked.tho bopk-wonn by ^
way of comment to. the second gentle- *
man. "Why, yes; T must.'confess "that*
I know a great' deal- about the phHoso-'
pher.' - Before and during the best part "
of the war I labored at the case at;the ?
Tribune office, and on several occa~ ?
sioris 'set up1 his copy. ' If you have 11
the time I can relate an incident about
old Horace that has never been. print- a
ed.It-was justprevious to the:-war n
and when Horace was an amateur o:
farmer that this event I am about to re- h.
late occurred; One day. abetter came 5
to the office bearing the following cab1
alistic letters: H. IE Y.' This is all ^
that was on the envelope except the ?e
postmark, which showed that the letter
come from Lawrence, K,an. .1 call it a c<
Tetter; but it was not " a letter, for on ,j|
opening the envelope not a-scrap of ^
paper was found inside, only a crum- 01
pled .$1 note from some Ohio bank. In fc
those days letters were sometimes., not ^
prepaid,* and this was hot; consequent- ftT
t J I-"11 _ Lt. 1 1 1. . 4.U- L.
ly 21 UUtJ-UUJ. WU3 IUC LLLLOsive
showing that the sum ol. 3 cents
was to be collected. ^..Greeley
promptly paid the 3 oents. - Who could 81
be ths^sender, It puzzled the philoso- m
pher- just a little only: ,i4Such doings j*
can only be placed to the credit of But ^
Reynolds,' mused Mr.. Greeley, 'Bill. PJ
always had idiosyncracies, and when
he had ' a truck farm out in'Orango ^
county would call, and not 'finding me !?
in the sanctum, .would place a dollar w
bill for his subscription under a paperweight
on my desk and leave. JBill *
tola me hewas going'out west to try
his luck,' - : ax
<?The paper was mailed' to Williain fa
Beynolds, Lawrence,.Kan., according er
to Mr. G.'s direction*. and upon investi- &
gatioh it was found that Greeley's sur- w
mise was correct BlIP'ReynoIds was 1.
the right party, In -those good old K
times we aid -not-have-so many rail- ci
roads nor fast-mail trains and the like, w
bnt a man could mail a letter without T
a stamp, and put only. four, letters oh tc
the envelope and it'would reach its n
destination. Try t'his experiment now
and your letter will go direct to the tl
dead-letter office. Too much red tape," H;
sighed the typo as he reached for a c<
vnlnmc on thfi m<rk shelf bearing the ??<
title: "Is Life^orth Living For?''? 11
SjL Louis ScTAtbixcan. '. - tl
His CoELfidence Was Shaken. al
In the doorway, of,. a Madison. . street ^
cigar store a bright little pug dog sits ?
all day on his haunches.. He is chain;- 1,
ed to the cigar-lighter' inside, not be-'
cause the proprietor fears he might escape,
but because they know the habit*
and.-practices of the gamins who fre- 03
queht the neighborhood. Last .even- 2]
ing a pleasant-looking: young man en- P
tered the^tore and purchased-a pack- ln
age -oi cigarettes., He looked tired and. e*
his eyes were filled with a* very vacant a'
stare. It was evident to tho most cas-. "
uai observer that the young man' had
been drinking. He carefully picked tc
the tinfoil off the package- or cigarettes *
and tried for some time to pick put ^
one of them. Finally ho tore one side
of the package and tucked all but one $<
of the lun^-aestroyerslnto his coat-tail 03
pocket This one he lit, and as he was ?
lighting it he caught sight ot the dog's e3
.chain. With uncertain gaze he follow- ia
ed it along' until it reached the dog. st
Then he rubbed his eyes, looked again, re
and appeared pretty sure that there d;
txroo ft finer in fhfl dnorwav. Stillv he ai
ij1" - ? --v" '
was not convinced. He glanced cn
around cautiously, saw that no1 one el
was looking, and then he whistled soft-, ol
ly. The dog did not respond and the s.t
young man turned - pale. He whistled &
louder, still no response. Then he ui
reached out his cane and cautiously
poked the dog. His poke gave back a in
hollow metallic sound and his hat be pi
gan to rise. He dropped, his fresh ei- pi
garette, rushed out into , the street* p<
boarded an Ogden avenue car and said, ns
?Ck#?Tr /vrtn/lnAfV 1 o mm a rkflF '4: W<?s]y. <*/
ULL&J y VVUUUVV A) vu ? vfc\
'nton'Home. I've got i em again."? fa
Chicago lierald. . - . .. . w
.. . ci
. - pJ
Mis?. Cleveland is the baby of the of
Cleveland family. She looks to be 35- of
She is a medium-sized woman, inclined m
to be petite, with square shoulders, a 0
short neck, and a face sallow in its "i
complexion, but decidedly intellectual '
in its features. .From a high forehead
little brown curls stand upward,, and m
going backward cover her whole head
with innumerable ringlets.' cc
si
/
V : ' n . : *: ' - "... i> :.
GLE AXTS'G S..
The foreste.oftlierUcited^^^con1>rise
412 species, ofire^Jrelongihg to
.58 genera, v
The West Point, cadets are allowact
o have fourteen pair of white trbuseo^
n the wash, every week. - ' A
dog which: can pick out cattle with
ds owner's brand upon them Is the ad*
airaSion of a Hon tan a town.
The common schooTsystem of New
)rleans was establishesIt
ras modeled exactly after thai of 3osMLss
Ella F. Kidd, of Xeeue, Ky^
as'just completed a .crazy, quilt, which
ontains 100,000 pieces and 948,688
titches. ' -!? All
the.goose^uill tdethpicks areim orted'
from France ana Germany.
?hey come in: bundles of 1,000, -and are'
Mme. de'Lesseps, -married in 1869,'
taraded her twelve children xm the occasion
of- her Ferdinand's induction into
he ranks' of foe^^mmortafo' ~ '
Mi- ^Vftrd fnnir^ ir> Nineveh ?r tm*
ificent lens of rock/ciystal,, which Sir,
)avid'Brewster considered a true op&
al iens and the' origin of the jrficrtK'
The Governor of the Island of SamcS:
as -discovered a tunnel measuring;
,000 feet in; length, andjconstructedafc
?ast ninecentjiggs fcglQEe ifte "Christ
iariera. : . . i;
The horse whij&jS$n. Grant .rode the
ay Lee surrendered is owned: in Yer- v
ou, Oneida county, N. Y., and nwcrch:d
in'the procession. Decoratfon Bay
A-Burgeon, who: wished"to. cami>li-_
lent the heroism o'f a soldier who hadast
had his leg amputated,, told him '
liat he had stood it j^^W^omsn.?
Jew, York NeifisZ^ ^ \
The JetDej&s Circular siis tliat upm
p in the history of jewelry thi??
onfltiy Haver coloredstones, both gem*
nd semi-precious stones, bees more in.
squest than now.. r ' . :T ^ . , ,
-The consump^,p| chocol^i*this,
ountry is,largely on the increase,- on? ,
lanufacturerstatingthatlastyear ha
iade 1,500,000-pounds arid:iise<ra?Ott
f isngar'a^ay' ' i'zirscIt
is the poptfl&^fancy in Scotland
tstiioir to heap honors uponBurts.
everal monuments " have just! beea
:eeted,-;or are under way in different
arts of the country. *
An epicurean dpctof says, that in orer
?o obtain the full flavor of bufter
i6 bread upon which'it fis-spread: i
tould be. introduced- into: the mouth'
ith thebutteredsurface downward- Newspapers
ia ail parts .of the co.uny
are paying**muefe~4e3s-' attention
ian formerly to roller-rink, news,
'hich fact would, seem to indicate that
opular interest in the pastimeis aiat4
' ' v ? :v : ; : '
The telegraphers lite country h&va
mutual benefit; association - with' a
lembership of 2,800 and a reserve fund
f <&/ri aaa it
L v^>vvv. wuivo iUJ vigauMMMWu *#,
as paiti to heirs of members. over '
250,^000. O*
A Ne w Orleans' letter ?ay3 a pecoHary
of the young Southerners male' of
male, is their early "betrothal '' and
rentful marriage, a condition' that - ~
jnsliy hinders undue dissipation, even
the desire exists. As a rulefewer;
.rgrce. suits encumber the records, of/
i?.courts than in the North; a reason*
r-which I am at a loss to give; not;
jlievlng that climate has any inflaice^over
it whatever.
A rich Georgia land-owner sentfor a;'
iighbor and proposed that if he would,
ipport him wfcfle" alive, foraisi him
edical attendance, and bniy him demtly,
he.wouldt:make*Jfiim"a deed to
s land. The trade was- closed, the
mks? i^AAtivvii 1 lAftr
uianut ouu '?* mwwi ?m vuw . _
nt for. The result was that the lor- mate
neighbor of the rich- man was
.possession of his estate, within a!
eek. Doctorsare indispensable ra: '
>me emergencies?(Ft)i
reePress- ...; ? " \ An
interesting. estimate of the
nountj ih weight, of one inch ofrsinII
on one acre .of ground is Ihus ^ytO
inches squaredTSSrTohe inchdeep
ouldgive thit'.'nu^/'iqtiare'ih^&^s;
728 cubic inches ra ake one cubic foot. %
ain one inch deep would give S..6SQ.
ibic .feet A cubic foot, of water
eighs 62jr l&undsV 2.000 mate a ton- V
his mU: give 226,875 pounds, or 113
ms and 875 pounds to the ittCOi <?'
iin one inch deep.
The Scientific American approves of.
10 proposal to. establish a" chain of
jht-ships' jujrpss. the Atlantic.. Tt
insiders the general- idea;'good,"'and, '
5 to its practicability,- it states- that
te experience with light-ships proves
tat a-VesscPproperly constructed may
3 made ride out -the Aeircesfe stomas,
; anchor, save upon rare occasions,
id that the light steel' cabl?"ofre
;nt consirucuon -Have utxu suuvoaatrlily
used to anchor sMps-ifi' the deepit5ratei>,<off
Soundings.-*'
Cocaine,the ^remarkable; ??&?-:
est which anaesthetizes mucousmcrarauei
and has siuiplified:many minor
derations on the'eye, ^ ; very v costly
enee it is not.surprising to hear that,
i Paris at ail e ve n ts,. the msnufactur*
s endeavor to obtain as much.^af the,
kaloid as possible b^^bmlttmg the
>coa leaves to a-second process, of esxlustionl
'i'helrestdt is Very similar.
: that which follows attembts'tomske
second infusion oat of already e&'
lusted tea leavefc sUi ,
The New -England Meteorological
jciety proposes to find out this sumei:
all it can about chtmdeMtornjir
id to that end invites observers-lap
;erv to wain 2vew England to unite.
, marking the leading features of such
onus as come within their- ken, and
ip'ort to headquarters. The 'simpl^t,
ita'are such as can be gathered 4jy
II? wii? kiwnno
ly UUC 4 UV x am . W^IH.| . .w. ?w^r
xeetion oi the win^4snt^:cl.x?tfi?^
'c.; while moro.4eUoa^ aridcGiScult
jservations, such as -the. height of the
Orm clouds, character "of lightning
ishes," and velocity of Triad, are to beldertaken.
by specialists.
Mr. Matthew Arnold made a mrgtaVwr
. giving London as tho authority forronunciation.
There are'many words
onormced differently different
;ople in London. The House of Comons
has been always recognized and
:cepted as authority, though-net.!^
tlible, and most of its leading 'men ; mm
ere educated at Oxford, where Walk-"
is regarded as the best authority for
ronunciation. Bqt even in tbe.lloase
Commons there iiave been differences
pronunciation among the leading. ^ : mm*
en. Both Lord John Bussell aha
Cpnnell always prounced "either"
ither," and "obliged'1 "obleeged.*
1?
Victor- Hugo always wrote -io the
oruing, and made so many alterations
his ncanuscript that a page w&<*a
mpletetf is said to have looked like a

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