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JOE N Entered April 28, 1903, at Pickens, . ., as Second-Class Matter, Under Act of Congress of Marci 3.1879. VOL. XXXVII. PICKENS, S. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 22, 19*08.- NO29 SOUTMCAROLI lews of baterest Geaned F Arunged t. ?RPARATIONS FOR STATE ' FAIL. The Ohamber of Commerce Has Many Details. Columbia, Special.-The Chamber -of Commerce is progressing rapidly with preparations for fair week. The -contract for wiring for street light ing has been awarded to the Perry Electric company. The arrangements .as to street lighting will be different this year in that the material put up will be the property 'of.the Chamber -of Commerce and not rented as has teen the custom in the past. The Johnny Jones shows, which will have the street attractions. earry thir own electric lighting plant and they are under contract with the Chamber. of Commerce to present their full capacity of lights and an -equal number of lights will be in stalled at the side shows by the Chamber of Commerce in addition to the ones used by the carnival. Fun, But Not Rowdyism. The Johnny J. Jones Carnival com pany has arranged for the street shows. Police will not permit the sale of whips, rubber balls, con letti, etc., and will rigidly enforce the ordinance against the practice of throwing these things around the city. Every show that will be pre sented is represented as a high class attraction and no objectionable shows will be offered. The Chamber of Commerce will not grant concessions to any one ex cept with the express understanding that bhere can be none of the ob jectionable features. The idea of the commi!tee having this matter in charge is that the fair shall be full of life and ginger with rowdiness eliminated. Old 'Nicholas Maleher, a veteran of many fairs, will have charge of the water supply. Barrels will be placea at the corners on Main street and ice water can be had by all de - siring it. The barrels have. been scalded and painted and are in read iness to fill the functions required of them. The city has granted the use of the water. Capt. U.J. Person, Jr., who can be found at the B.-C. Electric company, three doors from the transfer sta tions, in charge of the information bureau, and has perfected arrange inents for handling the crowds. Mr. Person in addition to his experience and ability, is a West Point gradu ate and ex-army officer and by rea son of his military training, being weli versed in matters of discipline, is 'thought to be an ideal man for the position he holds. The Jonny J. Jones Carnival com pany has nine shows and is the best carnival that has ever exhibited in Columbia. The management has just secured a new show, "A Trip from New York to the Nqrth Pole," which is an entirely new production and will probably show for the first time 'withI the carnival when they open their engagement in Columbia.' They have an animal show that is pronounced the best ever seen in Co l umbia, and a new trainer, who is, now in charge of th'e animals, has 'fewv superiors in the animal business, lind is no doubt the best wvithi any cAlrnival company. This company is also uinder contract to secure six other high class shows and they must he stcer attractions. The hand with the carnival was in Columbia last year and gave thorough satisfaction. It consists of 16 pieces and is an all-Italian hand. It will give street concerts in the afternoon andl niight. Two maerrv-gn-rounds will be here, which, with the Ferris v-heel, will make things look natural. Three free attractions will be given on Main street. A balloon ascension with a Resoprces of the State. fov. Ansel has appointed Mesers E. J1. Watsort and A. C. Moore, of Columbia, Earl Sloan of Charlestoi andi J. EI/Sirrine of Greenville as a 'commit tee to prepare a statement of facts, figures and tables on the re sources of this State. These -facts will bs'/presented at the 89uthern -Commercia) consress, whieb astf in NA NEWS ITEMS m -AN Sections of the State and Busy Readers patachute drop will be given once 'a day. This is a most spectacular act. Aq a4ral trapeze act will be given twice a day. A hair-raising bicycle act, looping the loop and jumping the gap, will be given once a day. Spe'eal Trains for State rair. The transportation departments of the Southern and Seaboard Air Line roads have arranged for the fair week crdwds. Announcements have been made of special trains on all lines of both roads and, in addition. the regular passenger trains will all carry several extra coaches. For the Southern railway Mr. J. L. Meek, th'e assistant general passenger agent of that line, has sent out the following letter to ll officials: "Gentlemen: Our transportation department -has arranged for extra coaches to be handled on regular trains between Augusta- and Colum bia, October 26, ?7, 28, and 29, also between Allendale and Columbia, Charlotte and Columbia, Spartanburg and Columbia, Greenville and Colum bia and Charleston and Columbia, to protect overflow travel on account of the above occasion. "In addition to regulpr train ser vice, we have arranged for special train service, October 27, and 28 and 29, to be operated from Winnsboro to Columbia and to return from Co lumbia to Charlotte; between Spar tanburg and Columbia, October 28 and 29; between Anderson, Belton, Abbeville and Columbia. October 28 and 29; between Allendale and Co lumbia, October 28 and 29, and be tween Branchville and. Columbia, Oe tober 28, 29 and 30.'" Assistant General Passenger AL-ent. A special train 4vill be run Wednes day, Thursday and Friday from Branchville. leaving there at 7.15 a. m. ad arriving here at 9.40. Special trains will be run from Allendale Wednesday and Thursday, leAving there at 7 a. m. and arriving here at 10.15 o'clock. Special trains will be run Wednesday and Thursday from Anderson. leaving there at 5.30 a. m. and arriving here at 11 o'clock. Re turning these trains will leave at 7 o'elock in the evening arriving at Anderson at midnight. Special trains will be run from Spartanburg on Wednesday and Thursday. leaving there at 6.30 a. m. and arriving here at 10.30. Ret urning these trains will leave Columbia at 7.30 p. m. and ar rive at Spartanburg at 11.30 p. m. Special trains will be run from Winnsboro Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. leaving there at 7.30 a. m. and arriving here at 9 o'clock. All of these trains stop at every station and are in addition to the two and three daily on every line mentioned above. The Seaboard Air Line will operate special trains from Hamlet. N. C., on Wednesday and Thursday. The trains will leave Hamlet at 6 a. m. and ar rive in Columbia at 9.45. Returnirg the trains will leave Columbia at 5.30 in the afternoon. Specials w.,ill also be operated from Fairfax on the same .days, leaving Fairfax at 7 o'clock a. in., central time, or 8 o'clock eastern time, and arrive in Columbia at 9.30. Returning the train will leave Columbia at 5.30 p. in., central time, or 0.30, easterni time. The~ tickets are good on all trains and go on sale on October 24 to 29 and limited to return until November 2d. Stato News Items. At Batesburg~ the fourth anual fair of the Tri-County Fair asso-. ciation was held last week under fa vorable circumstances. All roads in the threre counties led to Batesburg fair, and( ever1y effort possible was made to prevent disappointment to any attendant. Two Hangings in South Ca,roli'na. -Columbia, S. C., Special--Lawrence Hampton, colored, was hanged at Greenwood Friday for the murder of lIobert WVhite, also colored, in 1906. llampton confessed his crime and said that he wans prepared to die. At Blainwell, Elliot Greene, -colored, w~as hanged for the murder o.f 'Oliver Smalls. also colored, in .February ce confessed. his crime. *4"t1 1II+++ +..-..-4 OURL SCHOOLS 'Br Poor. WITIJAm H. HAND, University of Sout.h CaroUna. Paper Number Six. Change of Teachers.-The frequent change of teachers is a constant'break and clog in the progress of the schools. It robs them of anything ilke an unbroken course of work and fix edness of policy. Every new teacher introduces some new feature into the work of. the school-perhaps a good feature in itself, yet no better than what it displaces. It requires read justment to install anything new, and the time and friction are a loss, unless the change is dccidedly for better. Generally speaking, our best schools are those which have the fewest chianges in the teaching force. It re quires at least one lull session for a teacher to become acquainted with his patrons. By bec6ming acquainted with patrons for more than mere so cial knowledge of them.' I mean an appreciation of the tastes and their ideals and * their ambitions, and a knowledge of their peculiarities, if you please. Until he understands these he is not in a position to serve them and to lead them, and a teacher who can nt lead is of but little force. Not until after a teacher has taught from four to six years in a commun ity is he prepared to give it his best services. Yet how few teachers re. main in one school three years. Some places change teachers every year simply because they have acquir .ed the habit of doing so. Like any other bail habit, this one grows upon people. The trustees and the patrons frequently realise that their school is far inferior to sone other school, and rush to the conclusi6n that they need a chatige of.teaoeprs, when the truth is that they have already injured their school by too many changes. Have any of my readars ever seen a pupil, or an entire class set- to work in the same place, in arithmetic for in stance, at the beginning of each of three succelsive sessions-each time by a new teaqherl Is it probable that this would have been done by any one reasonable teacher. teaching the school the three sessions? This evil of change reians in the town and country schools alike. I have in mind one town in this State which had six principals in eight years. Change was the only remedy it knew, and it believed in heroic doses. A zreat many rural schools rarely have the same teacher two years in suc cession. Many of these changes, in both town and country schools, are due to the neighborhood jealousics and quarrels already discussed. Many a community has its chronic critics of the schools, who are dyspeptic by nature and sour by habit. A teacher never satisfies them longer than one year. They know all about schools, and their own children are paragons of perfection. If any teacher finds one of these children ar.ything but a paragon, straightwav there is trouble. To listen to these disgruntled fathers and mothers with their tales of woe requires patience and grace. In their eyes there is but one remedy-change teachers. Not two months ago I heard a man not for from sixty years of age declare that he intended to ''break up'' the only school in his district, unless the trustees dis missed the present teacher . It had never~ oecuredl to him that perhaps the trnstees were in the right. Sneh a man is in a small way an anarbiest. In some instances fault finding and dissatisfaction are unwit.tingly en. eouraced by the board of trustees. The' hoard, either ignorant of its function or disposed to dlodke an un pleasant dluty. asks the patrons to elect the teacher. Such a course is nn invitation to division andl the dis ap)poinltmenlt conisequent to defeat. and will inevilabhly bring about lis c'ord. What is the hoard apoointed for, if not to mannee the school h. lersoniing thie occnsions for discord7 A good many towns make it a r-uke to employ only yor,ng inexperienced teachers, and at the endl of each year drop those who have failed. keeping the mor~e sunessful ones un til they have become really service able, then let thienm go because the trustees and the pe(ople are unuwill ing to pay for good teaching at par value. Some places boast that their schools are the gatewy to the promo tion of their teachers. This may be a 4redit to the'school. and a diserodil to the people. It is not 'cr'editable, if the people are simply letting e-fi cient teachers pass out from their schools lij exchange for crude, inex perience, because the latter ischeap. . A few town school boards are given to the indefensible habit of advertising every year for applicants for position in the school, when the board does not intend to ele6t a single new teacher. The Eng who marched his army up the hill, then marched It down again, did no more childish thing than these boards do. The thing is not only indefensible, but'it is hurtful to the school, tnjust to the teachers and dishouest to possible ap plicants. What meaning does such advertisement convey to every teach er in that school, no matter how ef, fleient she may be? When the teach ers ask for its meaning, they are told that it is only a matter oflorm, and that they need not be concerned. Great big grown business men play ing like children! Then what about the innocent strangers who make bona fide applications irr answer to what they suppose is a bona fide ad vertizement, only to be informed that it is a mere form? What teacher with any regard for ethics would ap ply for one of these places, if lie knew that no vacancy existed and that the incumbent expected reelee tion I Is the board playing a game in diplomacy I Does it intend to see if it can secure better teachers, but if not, re-elect the incumbent l Such game would be dislhgnoralle. If a school board wishes to -change teach ers for any legitimate reason, it has a perfect legal and moral right to do so. But the change should be made in a manly straightforward mapner. Let the board frankly tell the teacher not to ask for re-election, deelare q vacancy, then advertise for appli eations-if that is the best, way to secure teachers. Teachers themselves must bear their part of the responsibility for so many changw... , There are some teach ers who ought not to expect any school to keep them longer than one year. The captious (sometimes mis called spirited,) the eeelitrico the frivolous, the giddy, and the ignorant ones may expect to float about like driftwood. Then there are some teachers who have an'ineurable mania for becoming birds of. passage. I once knew a teacher to resign her work to go elsewhere on the ground that she had been in her present position three years, Then there is that class qf restless mortais who have more ambition than ability. They apply every time they hear of a vacancy, .and if they hear of no vacancy, they ask when the next one is to be. They tell you very frankly that they are worth a great deal more than they are getting, and that they are prostituting the profession when they work for so little. Once more, there is that foxy diplomat of a teacher who seeks a place in March, accepts it in June, and holds it until about two weeks before the school is to open, then telegraphs the board that she has accepted elsewhere (at two dollars a mcnth more salary.) She calls this resianing; in law Pnd commbn sense it is a violation of contract. Such conduct under ordi nary circumstances is reprehensible, and wholly unworthy of an honest man or woman. Killed by rail From- Tree. Monck's Corner, Speaal.-Mr. Geco. Mims, a well known mechanic, met with an accident which resulted in his death a few hours later, lie 'n as at a baptizing at Canal Bridge and had climbed up a tree to get some berries for the children, when a limub broke and he fell a distance of 30 feet. D)r. W,. K. Fishbournec was hus ily summoned, who usedl all medical skill to revite him, hut wit hout a4vail. His deathI is very much regretted. Missionary to China Dies. Laurenis, Special.-The Rev. S. Charlton Todd, who was on a visit lhere from ( hina, whuerc .he had been engagedl in missiormry work' for five years, died in this city last week at the home of his mothier, Mrs. Junie Todd Clarke, after a three-wveeks' at tack of typhoid fever, HIe wvas :w years old and is survived by his wil' 'who remained in China (luring h< husband's visit home. The funcr and interment took,,jlace here. AUPUSJ F0D BWLETJN. Interesting Figures Given on Preoei itation During That XMontIL In the montbly weather bulletin o conditions in August, just issted/8eo' tion Director Bauer gives some inter estin'g figures oi the raiuQ)spo ially at the time of' tfle greet flood,' The report says: "The 've.rage precipitation was>K 0.11 inches, which is 4.91 inche above the normal. The greatest loeir -A' monthly anoupt was 19.52 inches,. at ;' Oreerlville; tA least was ',jp inchea, at Yemassee. The greatest 24-hour fall was 11.65 inches, at Anderson, on the 24th-25th. 'The average nun her of days with rain was 10, ranging from six days at Blairs and Jackson boro 'to 15 days at Effingham anO Vinthrop college. "Excessive Precipitation.-At An derson on the 24th-26th, 14.31 inches in 34 hours; at Blairs on the 24th 26th, 8.64 iqees in 60 hours; -at Cal houn Falls on, the 23d;26th, 9.62 inches in 63' hers9 ut Camden (1) on the 25th-20th, 9.05 inches in 23 hours; at Catawba e 'the 23d-26th, 10.12 inches in- 65 hours; at Cheraw .on the 24th-26th, 6.54 inches in 62 hours; at Clemson College on the 25th, 2.81 inches in 24 hours; at Col umbia on th' 19tha 3-15 inches in 9 hours; at Conway an the 26th. 2.83 inches in: 14 hours; at Dillon on 'the 19th, 3.69 inches in 24' hours ;at Greenville on the 23d-26th, 16.94 inches in 78 hours;-,at Greenwood on the 24th-26th, 7.06 inches ,t 60 hours; at Jacksonboro on t_e 20th, 4.00 inches in 24 hours; at Kingstree on the 27, 2.60 inches in about 14 hours; at Liberty en the 24th-26th, 11.12 inches in 24 hours; at Little Mountain on the 19th, 3.21 inches in 24 hours; at Mt. Holly, N. C., on the 23d-26th, 11.19 inches in 58 hours; .at Pelzer on the 24th-26th, 5.14 in ches in 27 hours; at St. George on the 20th, 2.60 inches in 4 hon-rs; at Saluda on the 6th Z.60 inches in 24 hours; at Santuc on the 23d-25th, 10.83 inches in 58- hours; at Spartan burg on the 24th-26th, 9.33 inches in 72 hours; at Ferguson on the 26th, 2.59 inches in 24 hours; at Walter boro on the 10th, 2.51 inches in 16 hours; at Winnsboro on the 24th 25th, 7.85 inches in 48 hours: at Win throp colleze on the 24th-25th, 7.10 inches in 48 hours. Report on Tobacco. Columbia, Special.-Commissioner Watson has received a summary of the tobacco situation in this tSate; prepared specialTy for the depart ment by HIartwelt M. Ayer, as fol lows: "Amount produed in 1908, 24,000, 000 to 25.000,000 pounds. * "Of this 75 per cent is bought by the American Tobacco Company and the Imperial Company. The former's grades consist of eigarette and granu lators (for smoking) and ;wrappers' for Amer ican trade. ''The latter company's grades con sist of cigarette end plurr tobae,oos, which are all shipped to England. ''We have a very small per cent of twist and plug tobaccos grown in cur State.' We have ahout 20 per cent. of a crop of semid-brightt strips (hat are shipped to European markets, mainly to England by ind(endent buy era. The remnainder'. 5 petr cent of the crop, consists -of' scrap tobaccos that are manufacturted bt vthe Ameri can trade into smoking~ tobaccos. The independents buyw from ten to fifteen per' cent, of the erop of' wrappers f,g A merican Itrade, J)rinci.jpally ship1)ed( West. This is as near' the informa tion as we enn irive it. as all tobacco arc manufeoltared' in Virpinia and the West. What per cent of our' grades and kinds ?goes into the dlifferent out puswe canniot give yout.' Edisto County is on the Way. C'oumtbia, Special Giovernor An sel Satturday issued a proclamation Cot' an election on I he nestion of the f'ormation of EdPNto couty tdf be held' December 15. There hats been consid Ierable contest over thie matter, the aera o fthe proposed contit. being formed out of portions of L4inigton~ Aiken and Orangeburg.