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*r SUBSCRIPTION: $1.00 A YEAR, IN ADVANCE. WESTERN MINERS MK OF MFEDEM1I "Concerted Political Action of the Laboring Class'' Is the Watchword. Western Federation of Miners Dis satisfied With I. W. W. Propose New Scheme. DENVER, Colo., June 27.—The an nual convention of the Western Fed eration of Miners now in session in this city is grinding out its business with remarkable dispatch. At yester day's session committee reports were adopted recommending two important constitutional amendments. If the&e are finally adopted it will mean that hereafter no strikes will be called un til the question has been put to a referendum vote. And that a mem ber may be sent to a convention as a delegate one year after he joins the federation instead of two, as at pres ent. He must be a bona fide wage worker employed in the mining busi ness. Illinois is to be added to the terri tory under the jurisdiction of the Western Federation of Miners. This will give twenty-one states, besides the territory north of the United States boundary. To Prohibit Contracts. The convention has by the decisive voice of 345 to 25 voted to adopt the resolution which directs an amend ment to the constitution declaring null and void and prohibiting in the future all signed contracts or verbal agreements which may have been en tered into between any local union or unions of the Federation for any spe cified length of time. Many of the local unions demand the privilege "home rule" in so f4r as the matter of contracts is concern ed. Among these are those in the Butte district, which is the strong hold of the Federation. The* ma/ possibly rebel and refuse to rescind the five-year contracts they signed with the mine operators this last spring. A committee report in favor of the adoption of a new preamble to the constitution, as proposed by Belegate Percy Rawling of Goldfield, was pro ductive of an extended argument. The first section of the proposed new pre amble is under discussion. It reads: "We hold that there is a class struggle in society, and that this struggle is caused by economic con ditions." Radical Speeches Loud Radicals, supported-the new preamble in revolutionary language. He do clared, among other things: "There can be no friendly relations between employer and employed be cause there can no friendship be tween the thief and the man he,robs. "The time has come to discard the present preamble, with other super stitious beliefs. "We are enemies to all employers and we are rebels to the present form of the United States governmnt in so far as its economical construction is concerned." The preamble as presented reads like the platform of the Socialist par ty, and is being supported by that element in the convention as an open ing wedge for political control by the Socialists. "You may adopt it and the majori ty of the organization may declare for it on a referendum vote," said Dele gate McMullen of Butte, "but if you do you will disrupt the Western Fed eration of Miners as an organization." To Invest in Mines. It was stated by individual dele gates to the Western Federation or Miners' convention yesterday after noon that the organization will !n all probability invest a part of its sur plus funds in mining property in Col orado, Utah, Idaho and Montana. The question. has not yet come up for dis cussion on the flor of the convention, but it is promised that It will be brought up in the form of a resolu tion this week. Should the measure be adopted prospectors will be delegated to go into the mining regions of the state named and locate what are considered promising claims. These are to be filed in the name of tfie Federation. A radical departure is to be made by the Federation in the method of calling strikes. The convention has practically decided upon a new con stitional amendment calling for a ref erendum vote by any local ulTion be fore a strike is called, two-thirds of those voting to answer in the affirm ative. Under the present system a strike may be ordered by any union when three-fourths of its resident members vote in favor of it and their action i3 ratified by the executive board. FOUR PERSONS MEET DEATH BY DROWNING BUTTE, Mont., June 26.—Advices from throughout the state tell of considerable loss of life as the result of high water and swollen streams. Word from Great Falls tells of the drowning near Austa of Mrs. J. C. Fur man, her two sons and Laura Williams, 10 years old, in Slmms creek. Only one body, that of Mrs. Furman, has been recovered. SCRAPPY REPUBLICS PREPARING FOR WAR MEXICO CITY, .Tune 26.—Minister Delgado, representing the republic of San Salvador in Mexico, received a cablegram tonight from President Flg ueroa of that country, saying that the republic of Nicaragua was fitting out a fleet of three gunboats on the Pa cific side and that an attack was ex pected at any time. The message added that Salvador •was fortifying its ports inftnticlpatlon of the attack. SIIULY CITY BOOST FID DM| UNIONIST Frank Fisher makes a Hit In Set tling Electrical Workers' Matters. Tribute Paid to Duluth Man by Minnesota Union Advocate of St. Paul. The Labor World is always pleased when a Duluth unionist receives rec ognition away from home. We are often too prone to recognize the true worth of-a man.at home. In Duluth we have a hundred good men who would make good in any position within the gife of organized labor. Our esteemed friend and co-worker Frank Fisher of the Electrical Work ers' Union was in the Twin Cities last week on business in the interest of the electrical workers district council, and he received the following tribute from the Minnesota Union Adovcate, the official organ of the Minnesota State Fed«ration of Labor: Mr. Frank Fisher, of Duluth, one of the prominent delegates to the St. Cloud convention last week, and who has long been known as oe of the active ad efficient workers in the cause of union labor, enlivened and cheered his friends in the Twin Cities by his genial presence several days last and this week. Mr. Fisher is president of District Council No. 7, of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, and organizer of this craft for the second district, which includes Minnesota, Wisconsin and the Dakotas. His good work in behalf of the particular branch of or ganized labor which he represents is always effective, wise and most help ful, as he is prudent and judicial and never acts in haste. Furthermore, his interest in the general cause enlists his activity and his capacity in behalf of any department of it where he can be of service. His visit to St. Paul and Minneapolis was in connection with a demand on the part of the electrical workers of the two cities for an increase of wages, and he gave them good counsel and valuable as sistance. Their demand has largely been conceded by the contractors, and there can be little doubt, if any, that they will be conceded In full at an early date Mr. Fisher is one of those genial social sunbeams who both warm and brighten everything they touch, and his visit here was thoroughly enjoyed, His work in the St. Cloud conventiojn ,. v. .......... was energetic and Judicious,* and, what ht idr-. Vol. 13. No. 7. DULUTH AND SUPERIOR, SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1007. STORY IS FALSE." SAYS HIS WIFE Mrs. Orchard No. 2 Would Valuable Witness For Defense. Be 3ays Orchard Was Home Morning After Vindicator Shaft Was Destroyed. DENVER, Col., June 27.—If Mrs. Ida Toney Orchard, wife No. 2 of Harry Orchard, the self-confessed multi murderer and star witness against W. D. Haywood, who is on trial at Boise City for the murder of ex-Governor Steunenberg, could be induced to be come a witness for the defense and repeat the same slory she told a spe cial representative of The Denver Post during an hour's heart-to-heart talk, Haywood would probably be ordered discharged by Judge Wood without al lowing the defense to put in testimony. Orchard, in the terrible story of crime and murder he told on the stand under direct and cross-examination, repeatedly declared he was one of the principals in the blowing up of the In dependence depot, in which 13 non union miners were hurled into eter nity, and also that he participated In the blowing up of the iVndicator shaft, in which a shift boss and a miner were killed. In his story about the Independefice explosion Orchard stated that he, John Neville and the tatter's young son, Charles Neville, were already en route to Wyoming with a team and wagon and that on the night the depot was blown up the party was camping soflrie eight or twelve miles from Indepen dence. Orchard testified that after the depot was blown up he rode back to the wagon and then he and the Nev illes started on their trip to Wyoming. M!rs. Orchard, in her hour's talk to a Post representative, said that she read the account of the blowing up of the Independence depot to her husband in a Cripple Creek paper the next morning and that he commented on the "horrible crime." If Orchard was on his way overland to Wyoming the morning following the blow-up, his wife could not have read the account to him. Mrs. Orchard declared she was not mistaken in her dates. In regard to the Vindicator explo sion, Mrs. Orchard declared with some show of resentment that "Harry did not do that. Harry told me that Job was done by a man by the name of a former engineer at the mine, who 'turned the trick because he had been discharged. Whether or not Mrs. Orchard ever made statements similar to these is not known, but if she has and the fact is known to the Western Feder ation of Miners it would explain why Haywood's lawyers have been so anx ious to have her go to Boise City and testlry- MTMNEV CUMNCf S. mm tmrs Lays at Their Foot Stool Respons ibility For Violence and Dis order During Industrial War in Colorado. Holds That They Planned the Ar rest of Haywood To Get Him and. His Associates Out of the Way in West. Says Orchard Is Nothing But a Cheap Soldier of Fortune Who Was Ever at the Beck and Call of Operators. BOISE, Idaho, June 27.—The fourth day for the defense in the Haywood, murder trial closed today with the fact firmly established that Harry Or chard was the paid agent of the Mine Owner's association to murder and de stroy people who were in the way of the operators, and the deeds were laid at the door of the Western Federation of Miners. It was also conclusively proven that Orchard had repeatedly threatened to kill former Governor Steuenenberg for driving him out of Idaho that Orchard attempted to wreck railroad trains at tha behest of detectives, and that the blowing up of the Independence depot was the work of the mine owners. Attorney Darrow's opening speech for the defense was the' crowning event of the trial. A great crowd gathered at the little court houSe to hear the great apostle of justice in a brilliant and witty speech comibat the evidence produced by the state. The formalities of opening the ses sion. at an end, Mr. Darrow at once took up his place directly in front of the 12 solemn-visaged men in the jury box and began, ih the slow, mellow drawl characteristic of him, to state the thebry and plan of the defense to be offered for his client. Mr. Darrow reminded the jurors of the instructions given them by the court that they are to keep their minds entirely open as to the guilt ox inno cence of the accused man until all the evidence from both sides has been in troduced. State Covered Wide Ground. "You have listened to the theory and the evidence of the state," Mr. Dar row proceeded. "Mr. Hawley has cov ered a wide ground In his opening for the state and we will have to meet him •step by step. The defendant here ^sVetyr*ed, nominally -jrlth 1fte-ihu^er. ^her© hkd to be some nominal, charge. Bbt the state has told, you the case rests upon a giant conspiracy of which the defendant, among others, is a part. "The state's attorney has told you the murder of Governor Steunenberg was but an incident. They have told you the Western Federation of Miners was an organization to commit mur der, to control politics, to hire lawyers and other criminal things. "Part of this is true part of it is not true. It is Irue there is a labor organization known as the Western Federation of Minrrs. It is true the Western Federation of Miners has spent money for lawyers. It was un fortunate, but most people have to employ lawyers at some time or an other. "This organization was really born in 1892-1893, right down in a cell be- SCHWIS LIST liHEIT 01 UBOMND TRUSTS Gives Utterance to Some Peculiar Thoughts on Labor and Wages. Holds That No Living Man Will Dare Bid on Future Contracts. Some years ago Charles M. Schwab, who is recognized as a splendid speci men of the modern Pittsburg million aire, became notorious because of" a spectacular tour through Europe in his "red devil," and reports of heavy gambling transactions at Monte Carlo. After his return he was relieved of the presidency of the steel trust. Now he has stalked forth in a tirade re garding present labor and business conditions on the Pacific coast. The Albany (Ga.) Herald holds the view that the opinions of this particular "captain of industry" will receive lit tle sympathy from fair-minded people, and declares further: The laboring men of the country will receive "Cholly" Schwab'Ns latest lament with a spontaneous shout of derision. Mr. Schwab asserts in an interview given out at San Francisco that labor conditions on the Pacific slope have become so demoralyzed that no reputable firm of shipbuilders dares undertake the construction of a trust, "all manufacturing must stop, as no living man will dare bid on future con tracts, with labor organizations con stantly raising wages and shortening hours." Mr. Schwab, as the represen tative of organized and predatory cap ital, will receive scant encouragement in his bid for sympathy. If organized labor had in the past received, and received now, as generous a share of the profits resulting from the Joint productiveness of capital and labor as Mr. Schwab and those with whom he stands have received, his lament might be in better taste and more en titled to thoughtful consideration. &y-^T DEVOTED TO THE INDUSTRIAL WELPARE OP THE HEAD OP THE LAKES. TESTIMONY FOR THE DEFENSE SHOWS ORCHARD TO BE LIAR. Clarence S. Darrow, leading attor ney for the defense In the Haywood murder trial In ldahv In a brilliant and witty speech, opepe the case for the defense and promisee to Introduce evidence which wjill Completely dis credit the testimony given by Harry Orchard. The examination of several wltf n°eeee for Heywood has shown thus far that the defence Is the victim of the greatest conspiracy of the age on the part of the Mli)e Owner's Associ ation of the West %o destroy the in fluence of organize^ labor In the rich est mining belt In'the world. Orchard had beeii making threats against the life of- Former Governor Stuenenburg. for years, and witnesses have testified that they heard him make them. Moyer was unwittingly the victim ofOrchard's confidence,and through him was $ast Into the Bull Pen, while the actual murderer was permitted to go unmolested. Arch criminal was employed by a Plrfkerton as a detective to work in the Miner's Union.. neath this court room, where Ed Boyce, the first president, was a pris oner, and where now the three men, charged with this murder, are await ing the judgment of this jury. To start out with, they hired lawyers and they hired the best they could." "They hired Mr. Hawley, now the leading counsel lor the state. Mr. Hawley laid out the plan of their or ganization for them he advised them he was the godfather of the Western Federation of Miners and the men who formed the organization thought that it was an innocent undertaking. Mr. Hawley was their first attorney and continued as their attorney for a long time. If there was anything criminal in their appropriating money for a lawyer the miners did not know it. Not A Murderous Union. "The Western Federation of Miners is an industrial, not a murderous or ganization. It has from time to time taken a hand in politics, but we are not going to hang every organization which has done such a thing. If we did, no corporation would be safe. The Western Federation of Miners did all it could to pass the eight-hour law in Colorado, Utah and Montana. It tried to elect friendly -United States senators It tried to elect Mr. Haw b^^fo^nafe^ fallea." Federation of- Miners w&s an organi zation of angels. "Angels do not work in the mjnes," declared the attorney. "They are the mine owners." Mr. Darrow went on at length to outline the organization of the West ern Federation of Miners. He de clared It was nothing but a beneficial association, trying to uplift its class. It was not until ten years after the organization of the union that. either Haywood or Moyer took office in it. "We are not here to apologize for anything the Western Federation of Miners has done," declared, Mr. Dar row. "It has been a.fighting organiza tion from the first, and if it dies, it will die a fighting organization. It has had a troublous career it has been opposed by every device of the mine IIOICT LUMBER KINGS CHIRGEDJM PEOIIGE Federal Grand Jury Makes it Warm for Exploiters of Labor In Virginia. Lumber Companies Import Italian Workmen and Make Them Work Out Fares. RICHMOND, Va., June 27.—The grand jury in the United States court for the southern district of Virginia has returned indictments for peonage against the William E. Ritter Lumber company, of Maben, Wyoming county, and two superintendents and three guards of the company. The charge is conspiracy, the penalty for which is a fine of from $1,000 to $10,000 and Im prisonment for not more than two years. Other peonage indictments are expected. The matter was first brought to the attention of the state officials by Sec retary of State Root, who was in cor respondence with Governor Dawson on the subject last winter. The matter was taken before the department of state by the Italian minister at Wash ington. Governor Dawson had an in vestigation made and presented a spe cial report to the state legislature on this subject, but that body took no cognizance of it. It is alleged that* foreign laborers are brought into the state and worked in the lumber camps, under guard, until their trans portation has been paid to the com pany. JAPANESE DESIRE EQUAL FOOTING WITH EUROPEANS LONDON, June i7.—The Dally Mail's Tokio correspondent says that appar ently Japsfn and the United States have agreed that the existing treaty should be replaeed by a new treaty in 19*09, when the correspondents say Japan will fight hard to place her sub jects on an equal footing with Euro peans. Until then-no serious difficulty to dreaded. BOLHY MCUttS PUNNED CWtSHMCY Attorney Ably Flays the State's Witness axul Successfully Dis credits His Startling Testimony For Prosecution. Haywood. Had Nothing To Do With Miner's Organization Dur ing Coeur d'Alenes Troubles. Moyer Was Obsure Then. Claims That State Has Totally Failed to Fasten Upon, Prison er the Murder of Former Gov ernor Stuenenburg. owners,, but it has prospered. Before the Western Federation of Miners came into existence the miners had to work from 12 to 14 hours a day. When they wanted food they had t& buy it at the company stores. When they were Injured they were taken to the county hospitals, where there was lit tle difficulty in getting a statement clearing the company from all dam age. Conditions Greatly Changed. "The conditions are vastly different today. The Butte union alone has paid out more than $1,000,000 to the widows and orphans of its members—this dur ing the time this alleged criminal con spiracy existed." Mr. Darrow went at some length to show the trouble and opposition the union has had since its Inception. In some communities he declared the president of the organization, when he went to visit the miners, was refused both food and lodging by the mining companies. "Arrests have come^ thick and fast,"' the attorney continued. "Some of the charges were purely imaginary and in 99 cases out of 100 the men have *not even been given the grace of a trial. As soon as the Western Federation of Miiners was born the mine owners went about to destroy it, and as the chief means of destruction they hired the Pinkerton detective agency, with one McParland at its head. "We will show you that this agency has been busy sleuthing, following, working and lying to get these men. We will show that they have hired detectives and placed them in posi tions of responsibility as secretaries and presidents of local unions that these hired men constantly advised the miners to strike and that when a strike was on they counseled violence, dynamite and, murder. vThey did It at "We will show that the Pltf&ts&ft' detective agency has been .*• cliief'fac tor in this case from the very begin ning. They have organized themselves Into a band to spread calumny, against the Western Federation of Miners. We will show that In one case, where a cage fell, because of defective machin ery, and two men were killed, it was laid to the Western Federation of Miiners. "The burning of the Moscow univer sity was laid to the leader of the Western Federation of Miners. Every illegitimate child born west of the Mississippi has been wrapped in its swaddling clothes, hurried to Denver and laid on the doorstep of the West ern Federation of Miners." Mr. Darrow turned his attention to (Continued on Page Four.) TOJIOE UNIONISTS Will RUBLE Elected An Entire Union Ticket Fort Worth City, Texas. Referendum and Municipal Ow nership of Public Utilities the Issue. Organized labor won a signal vic tory at Fort Worth, Texas, by elect ing a ticket from top to bottom which had been selected by trade unionists co-operating with other Interests In the city. A union printer and the president of the central labor body were among those, chosen. Every other successful candidate realizes he owes his election to organized labor, is a proven friend of the movement, and the charter this set of officials is to administer is said to be a model of its kind. This charter was adopted at an election held a month previous to the regular city election, an^ but for organized labor would have been de feated. It embraces the referendum and re call, municipal ownership of all public utilities whenever the city if ready to engage in such business (the City al ready owning its water works and electric light plant), and no franchise can be granted except by a referen dum vote, and all must pay 3 per cent, of gross receipts into the city, treas ury. In addition to this, the city has power to regulate rates and the man ner of conducting all public utilities. The new charter also provides for a Flumblng inspector, city electrician, building inspector and many other re form measures. Jt insures that all city printing frill bear the union label, all employes wi'"1 be union, men. and the charter is so arranged that tliere will be no chance whatever for a grafter to be elected arid remain In office.. The people of Fort Worth say It is the best-city charter in the Unit ed States, and organised labor drafted it »leoted t^e ofLieer*. JLS 7SA. ru^-jr3* ORION PRINTEnS MEET mJOEL SUCCESS Barnum & Bailey's Circus Agrees to Use Union Label On All Printing. Pawnee Bill's Wild West Show Has Cancelled all Non-Union Orders. INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., June 27.— Score another victory for the printers' label. Louis E. Cook, general agent of the Barnum & Bailey circus, has sent the following telegram tto Presiden James M* Lynch, of the International Typographical Union: "I am instruoted by the Board of Directors of The Barnum & Bailey Company to say that future contracts for printing will require that union labels will be used, and we have no tified the Buffalo Courier Printing Company. This we will confirm by mail today. Please advise all your correspondents accordingly." For several months all the Typo graphical Unions .throughout .the country, and Buffalo Union, In par ticular. have been requesting the Bar num & Bailey circus to withdraw its printing from the non-union Buffalo Courier Printing Co. The Barnum & Bailey Co. persist ently refused to take any action which would mean the severing of its rela tions with the Courier Co„ and the Typographical Unions began a cam paign against the circus with the above result. The Barnum & Bailey Co. is to be congratulated on the sensible view of the matter which it has taken, and the union printers are to be congratu lated on the success of their efforts to convince the Barnum & Bailey Co. that it could not expect the patronage of union workingmen so long- as it persisted in having Its printing done in non-union houses. Pawnee Bill's Wild West has can celled 85 per cent, of their printing with non-union houses, and they will use all union show printing next sea son. The Rlngllng Bros., the Call cir cuses, Cole Bros.' World Toured Shows, Sun Bros.' Shows, Hargreave's Circus, Campbell Bros.' Shows and using non-union printing and our friends are requested to refrain from patronizing them. Mr. -Union Man:j—Notify your res taur&pt ..bum that itbc^ BeU 'Phone is ILI Difference in Principle Between the Two Mere Jugglery With Words. Objects of Trades Unions Uplift ing and Enobling of Trusts Degrading. The panufacturer insists upon set ting the price on the labor he buys and the goods he sells. That is. called "business." The workingman asks the privilege of having a voice in setting the price of his commodity, labor, and wants to be protected against the rapacity of trusts and combinations. That is called "anarchy." Manufacturers combine to raise the price by limiting the supply of goods manufactured. That is called "high finance." Workingmen organize nnions to pre vent Injustice and to elevate the standing of labor. That Is called "interfering with free and' Independent labor." A trust is formed to buy up small and Independent factories and close «ihem down for the purpose of con trolling the supply. That is called "business enterprise." Labor unions seek to control the ap prentice feystem, to the end that labor be not reduced to a starvation basis. That is called "preventing the youth of the land from learning useful trades." A financier steals a million .entrust ed to his care. He is ^hailed as a "Napoleon of finance." A workingman steals a loaf of bread for his hungry babies and is sent to jail "for six months. That is called "justice." A band of rich men combine to pre vent changes in administration that might injure their schemes. They are called "conservatives." A band of thoughtful men with no axes to grind to bring about needed reforms... They are called "dangerous agita tors." A Rockerbilt social function costs $35,0t)0 and $3,000,000 worth of dia monds are on display. That is called an "evidence of pros perity." Ten thousand idle workingmen ap pljr for help^ that is called an "evidence of shift lessness." Clearly we are. in need of a com mission to reconcile the difference in our Une of definitions.—The Common er. V-' NO CRISIS PROBABLE. LISBQN.June M.—It is officially an nounced that King Charles and Pre mier. 'Francis\jmtb lp- complete aceord and that there is no prospect of a ministerial. crisis, ONLY LABOR PAPER IN NORTHERN MINNESOTA. FIVE CENTS. C08SUMM MM OE eMIIUO MILK An Important Announcement" From Government Bureau of Animal Industry. Cleanliness Is Not Sufficient-* Tuberculin Test Is Only Guarantee. dairy stable in which average clean# ness was observed. This milk, 4 WASHINGTON, t. C., June 27.— The United States Department of^ Agriculture has issued a bulletin which points to the conclusion that the real danger from tuberculous cat tie lies in the manner in which the germs of tuberculosis {ire dissemin ated with their feces and that it is' almost entirely through this medium that milk becomes infected with tuberculosis. By a series of careful tests at the Government Experiment Station in Washington, Dr. E. C. Schroeder and W. E. Cotton have1 demonstrated that cattle discharge germs of tuberculosis In very large numbers to the extent verv often of over thirty-seven million in one day. Not only animals which show physi cal signs of tuberculosis, but also those so slightly infected that the diagnosis v,, of tuberculosis depends entirely upon the application of the tuberculin test, are said to be in this manner acttve and dangerous sources of infection. It is pointed out that the dairymen cannot afford to use precautions, the cost of whdeh is so great that their applications would convert their busi ness into a philanthropic enterprise, -jt-'' but that without such care it is prac tically impossible to prevent the en-~ trance Into the milk pail of the germs of tuberculosis which have been dis charged by tuberculous cattle and which are lodged on the cows and in and about the cow stables. These conclusions were reached after a series of careful tests with a number of cows which, though they had tuberculosis, were said to be in better condition than the majority of dairy cows in actual use on dairy farms. The slight infrequent cough with which they were affected would not have attract ed the attention of the casual observer* and might have been honestly attri buted by most dairymen to dust in the air of the stable. For the most part. tuberculosis would not have been sus pected in the case of these animals had they not been tested with tuber culin, a test, as it is said, not usually made by the farmer until therel i^Q grave cause for the suspicion of tuber-*® culosls. tfces# tests noKjnal $£g|gi| was- then injected into guinea pigs and it* was\found upon postmortem examin ation that 16 of the 46 killed had de veloped tuberculosis. It Is concluded from these researches that milk from tuberlulous cows with unaffected ud ders is free from infection until it has become contaminated with feces or some other material that contains tubercle bacilli from the outside of the cows or from their environment. It is not believed that tubercle bacilli are eliminated with the milk from tuberculous cbws unless disease of the udder or structures connected with it is present. This conclusion is drawn* from the present series of investiga tions and is supported by earlier work relative to the milk of tuberculous cows. The present investigations in clude only a few cows and a compare tively small number of guinea pigs. The earlier investigations extend over a dozeii years, during which milk from scores of tuberculous cows was inject ed into the abdominal cavities of bun dreds of guinea pigs. The observations made are said to' definitely show that the frequency with which milk contains tubercle ~C/ bacilli is greatly underestimated, espe cially when it Is milked in the .cus- \, tomary way from tuberculous cows With healthy udders, or from entirely healthy cows in a tuberculous environ ment. As no means are known by which lt'-"4 can be determined jvhen cattle become-??^ dangerous to tWe "health of Dersons orN,"i| animals, every cow affected with3"^ tuberculosis must be regarded in- the¥jf-j opinion of the,government experts as 4 positively dangerous. In view of the ^TJ| undoubted presence of tuberculosis in^ 3 a very large number of cattle, whose owners have no cause to suspect that" this is so, it is urged that every cow' should be periodically tested with tuberculin. Every cow that reacts and thus shows that she has tuberculosis jfj should at once, regardless of her gen eral appearance or condition, be re moved from use as a dairv cow. and from all contact with dairy cattle or healthy animals. LIGHTNING STRIKES POLE NEAR PRESIDENT'S OFFICE OYSTER BAY, N. Y., June 26.— Lightning struck and shattered *-'1 presidential banner pole which stands' less than 100 feet from the executive*^ office here this afternoon. No one was Injured. The pole bore a huge 3 banner for President Roosevelt when he was elected president TRIAL OF PROFESSOR HAU WILL BE HELD IN JUt^f KARLSRUHE, Germany, June 26.—*!^ The trial of" Karl Hau, professor of Roman law at the George Washington university,—Washington, D. C., who was charged with the murder dr his mother-in-law, Frau Mollter. will begin her« July 17, and probably will last three day*. Mr. Union Man:—Notify Your Cigar Dealer that th$ B*U 'Phone IsUnffcir.