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rMISC 1:1,1. A N E Oil S. Forth* Union. LINES SUGGESTED HV THE DEATH OF GENERAL JACKSON. hv jotirtt r. bAowh. "Ha, who aaeended lumc'i ladder (o high, From the round at the top, he atepped to the aky," (WiUia. The hero had trod on the wide bailie plain, Where each itep of the living war over th* alain; But th* *word and the hull had |nuaedhiin hjr. And he came to hia Jong-loved land to die. In triumph he ruled in the nation'a hall, The choic* of a million, the pride of all; Yet h* left that poat (.1 pomp und power, To die at A?mr in the uvuning hour;? To die when the Sabbath waa over the earth, And quiet and |>eacr had encircled the hearlh, When the aoul of man, like a L-uipeat-toeaed thing, Waa aaieep 'nratli the ahadc of ita overaprcad wing, At the oloae of day, in the atiilneaa of even, With a prayer that hia aina might be forgiven, Hia apint paaai-d up aa a radiant dream. Or a bird in th* track of a bright day-beam. Aa th* aun faded over the hilla of the w eat. Like a victor retiring in glory to real, j. Ho the lamp ofhia lite died in aplrndor away, Midat the mourning uf thoae who VI warin'd in ita ray. Like a hero he lived, like a Christian he died. And hie body repose* by hi> beautilul bride) Whilst the links death broke in love'a bright chain, Beiore the "White Throne" will in union remain. Well in ealmuea* and peace may the aoldier depart, *, For hia deeds have a place in every proud heart? , Ate atara on the scroll ol' the good and the pure, To blase while the Meccas of Freedom endure. Yea, his laurels are bright, and hia patriot name Forever shall glow in the annuls of fame, I'udimm'd by one blot, unaoil'd by one stain? Oh! when will Clod givji us a .liaekson again.' Washiisoioh CiTr. CELEBRATING THE "FOURTH." Jf In the laat number ofNeal's Saturday Gazette, we find, among the "Chit-chat" of the editor, the following seasonable reflections about how to celebrate the fourth of July: "Now, 'in the course of human events,' the fourth of July is rapidly approaching, and preparation is busy everywhere, to greet the natal hour of human freedom. It ia, indeed, a glorious time; and sad will be the moment, ahould such moment ever come, when the people of these United States shall be disposed' to pass it coldly by. No?let the thunder of artillery give welcome to the dawn; and as the billowed smoke wreathes heavily along the ground, let , our starry flag glanoe beaming upward to the topmost height, like an unfettered eagle; and then, as wave on wave of buoyant glory floats along the breeze, your voices, freemen, in one glad acclaim? million?of voices ringing to the skies! "But yet?we are not at all addicted to borrowing . on ordinary occasions?it is a rule of ours to owe no man anything?but yet, for once, and in a figurative way?lend me your ears, with no bad jokes about the length of those already in possession. Celebrate the fourth of July, of course; but do not . forget 'that honorable stop not to outsport discretion.' Array thee in thy best?thy chin new reaped, with money in thy purse. But?we have thought about it often?it is by no means necessary to be sick dither in the afternoon or olRhc following morn. The declaration of independence requires of thee no headache; the fever in general so consequent and so subsequent to the day, is quite superfluous. Freedom wilt not grow pule, nor independence languish, even if the cigar be not smoked to ridiculous excess?pne may be glad, and yet not gormandize? one may be patriotic, and still be sober?patriotic at the pump. It is true that at the call of country, we should yield both life and limb, but there is no demand for such sacrifices now; and beware lest, by ill-managed artillery, it be your lot to be borne mangled and shattered to an early grave. The annual destruction of human life by means Like this, is terrible. "Harkee, yrfbngstcr?set not the house afire? either thy neighbor's or thine own; and wisely bewure of a scorched countenance and of an extinguished eye. You, too, that ride in chaises, unskilled in whin aiut ignorant of reins?be distrustful of that alcoholic enthusiasm which prompts to outtrotting emulation; og it may be required to go serpentining home, udorncd by scratches and arrayed in dust, with the costs, vehicular and equestrian, to quare up. These direful crashes are expensive, even if you have no bones. And canter slowly, Abraham, with your trowscrs working to the knee. That horse suspects you mightily, and may choose to go alone. J usl so?his heels arc in the air, and you are vice vena?'too much by the head.' Do you 4 .-call that keeping the day, when you cannot keep your balance ? "Hear, little boys aquatic?splashing in streams or paddling in n boat?be heedful in your swim. Tilings; let your skipper know the. ropes, or there ...ill I.a .. ,l?l?f..l 1..U toll A n.l ll.n.i [for once?oh, rowdy ! bill for once, let ns not have a fight?go without thine accustomed threshing forn lay at wast, mid make allowance double on the morrow. A broken nose is graceful, we admit; and ainbushed elegance lies couching in the blackened eye; but why 'gild refined gold and paint the lily?' The brickbat is perennial,and spontaneous is the fiHt; while both will beur adjournment. Somebody will trounce you any day, and with our thanks to boot; nnd, perhaps, illustrious rowdy, you may also be for once induced not to insult the unprotected female, as a branch of manly daring. "Would it not be pleasant?cheering to the patriot, and joyful to the friend of man?could all learn to cejpbrate the day in reason and sobriety I It qjiould be a call to prove ourselves worthy of tne L t blessings we enjoy?cheerfully, but calmly; in glee, but with becoming temperance?not an occasion for . the unblushing gambler to take the. field, with all his infamous devices; not a time for vice to stalk unre proved abroad, nor an opportunity for drunken-turIDulence to rear its ugly head. But our improve mcnt has already been remarkable, and in this, as in all other things, wc are rapidly progressive. There i. are many now who do not 'keep the day' in fun, at the cost of a week in sorrow and repentance; and it t ? is a |vise economy." , , From the Philadelphia Inquirer. COMMERCIAL STEAM VESSELS?A NEW ? .. ENTERPRISE. An enterprise of more than ordinary importance * is now in progress. We learn that a steam-vessel 41 ? will be launched in July, which is intended as the first of a line of steam-packet ships to ply between New York and Liverpool, and to combine, as much as possible, the advantages of the ordinary * sailing-ship with those of the steam-vessel. The Riihifrt ia noticed at lenpth in Part 111 of T.nrdner'a Lectures on idcience and Art, as published in New York, by Oreely & McKlrath. The article is entitled "Prospects or Steam Navigation." It is said * that ten years have gone by since the great enterprise of superseding the far-famed packet-ships by the establishment of steam-liners, was announced to the world; and, instead of sweeping the packet-ships from the face of the ocean, they have, so far as New : - ? York and Philadelphia are concerned, improved in efficiency, increased in magnitude, and multiplied in number, while the great steam project which was to prove their delom, has made its dash and disanpear ed, leaving the Qrcat Western "alone in her glory." This experience, it is argued, has shown the failure of the enterprise in a commercial sense, while the less ambitious scheme of a line of mail steamers, sustained by the liberal subsidy of the British Post Office, and plying between the ports of Liverpool and Boston, has been successfully ! realized. How, then, are those things to be explained? Simply because the steamers between New York and England were not so well fitted for commercial purposes as the packet-shins, and could not compete with the line of post office steamers, controlled and subsidized by the British government, and serving the colonial objects of that nation. Such vessels from New York and Philadelphia, to l*e successful, must aim at the acquisition of powers, which will enable them to perform the service of packet-ships; in a word, be packet-ships, in which sufficient steam-power shall be supplied to give them increased expedition, regularity, and punctuality, I . , without robbing them, to any serious extent, of their present capability of satisfying the wants of commerce. These great objects are now aimed at in4hc vessel above alluded to. Captain Ericsson * has had the subject under consideration for some time; and the conclusions to which he has arrived will, it is thought, accomplish everything that is Ml ilrsired. One of his recent inventions places it in I ' P' the power of the commander at any time, "within 5; - the space of five minutes, to raise the propeller out _ of the water, or to submerge it, so as to convert, for K' ' ail intents and purposes, a steamer into a sailingjjjj/ vessel, or a sailing-vessel into a steamer, as he may Bp-1' see fit. The shaft on which the propelling-wheel it My fixed, is provided with a simple mechanism within BO the vessel, by which it may be easily at any time Wr g?: drawn out of the nave of the wheel. The wheel iti f is sustained by a powerful vertical arm, the i:v ner end of which is nttached to a strong axis, wu'lgh enters the vessel parallel to the main axis ol " ' the w.heel, and above the summit of the wheel. Tc "* ?> this ax if, within the vessel, is attached a piece ol ; mechanised, by which it may be turned through hall | a revolution by lh? power of two men-, with such I t >rce that the prttfimn will be made to perform hall 1 , ,,-volution round upper end of the vertical arm W * Inch supports it, by which that arm will be prem . euted upward insuad uf downward. The wheel I therefore, instead of being submerged, will be sup ported at the stern of the vessel, at the place where s boat is usually sus|>efided. The vessel will thus be free from all obstruction in passing through the water, and will acquire all the efficiency which any j mere sailing vessel can have; besides which, the propeller is placed in such a situation that it may be repaired, if necessary. The main shaft, which drives the propeller when submerged, is at a depth of seven or eight feet under the lower deck. The cylinders by which it is impelled are supported in a slanting position on the timbers of the vessel, their piston-rods being presented toward the crank on the shaft, which they drive in the usual manner by connecting-rods. The boilers and the fuel occupy the apace immediately forward of the cylinders. The entire machinery, including the boilers and fuel, is below the second dock of the vessel. Such are the general features of the arrangements projected by Capt. Ericsson, and proposed to be adopted in a line of steam-packet ships to ply between New York aftd Liverpool. "The first of these vessels is now in an advanced state at Hoston, and the machinery is in progress in New York. It is expected that this ship will 1 make her first voyage in August, 1845. The fuel to be used is hard coal; and the furnaces will be ventilated by blowers, worked by the engine. There will be no smoke, nor any need of the draught produced by a chimney; anu therefore that appendage will have no other use than as an exit for the gases evolved in the combustion. A square tunnel designed for this purpose is carried from the machinery upward, through tne two decks, terminating on the poop-deck, where there is a sliding tube, having a motion like a telescope joint, by which a short dischargepipe for the hot air and offensive gases can be elevated when the machinery is worked, and which can be lowered when the vessel is under anil." If this great experiment should be fully successful, (and the gentlemen engaged in the enterprise are very sanguine,) it will prove of vast importance to the commerce of Philadelphia, and at once obviate the serious objection of delay caused by our river and bay. We also learn that the same power is about to be applied to colliers?another important ' matter in the navigation of the Delaware and Schuylkill. We shall look with much anxiety for the completion of the new steamer, and the results of her e drat ftYnftrimflntnl trio. 1 r ___ From the Philadelphia Keyitone. c AtvruL destruction or property?loss, three r hundred thousand dollar!.?A correspondent of \ the Essex county Ilepublic&n writes that a very de- r tructive fire occurred, a few days since, in the f town of West Moriuh, in New York, near Lake h Champlain. It commenced in a bit of turf, on the v farm of Colonel Barnes, and, while the men were at h dinner, spread through the grass into the woods, b and swept over an immense tract with great rapidt- li ty. On the road from East to West Moriah, it a burned down two double saw-mills, a dwelling- h house, a born, 17,000 pieces of lumber, nnd 3,000 a logs, belonging to Messrs. Barnes & Travis, whose loss is about $10,000; and, in a few hours after, had travelled eight miles, and swept away the saw-mill, dwelling, and barn, with 6,000 pieces of lumberand 200 logs, of Hon. N. S. Storrs, whose loss is $2,000. Thence it extended to the two mills, dwelling, and bam of John Ensign, whose loss is A2,000, and swept away five other mills in West Moriah and Scraom, of which the value is not ascertained. The entire loss is estimated at over $300,000. The swiftness with which the flames swept along over the country, gave rise to some exciting scenes. The letter in the Republican says: "Ten or twelve men were intensely engaged at wlist is called 'Kniigu's Upper Mill,' and in a tew moments the tire had passed them, junuuniling them on all sides, so that they could not leave Many had Yeit them, and some of the 'ten' would have heen glad to leuve; hut, living hemmed in, 'they fought like brave men, long anil well;' and though at times ready to sink Irom fatigue, the mill and lumber were dually saved. Pin ing the hottest of the tire, young Storrs and William Foster left from w hat was called Kmigii'i Lower Mill,' to cross the hills to tlio other mills belonging to Judge Storrs. They passed in safety, and with three other men, by dint of hard labor, saved the milts; hoing also providentially favored by a change of wind.'' Leaves, carried by the smoke and wind, fell ut Middleburg, Vermont, about twenty miles distant. Near the fire, the wind blew a perfect hurricane, nnd the roaring of the fire is said to have been beard at a distance of several miles. The peculiar situation of the locality where the fire occurred, and tho very fortunate change of wind, saved many other valuable buildings from destruction. ' I SODA WATER The subscriber, having been at considerable expense in procuring entirely J new upparalus, is prepared to furnish this refresh- ( ing beverage in the highest state of perfection. The | machine for manufacturing the water is of new and ( novel construction, and its employment dispenses with the use of the forcing pump, whereby the taste j of brass, oil, or leather, so common when charged ( in the old way, is entirely avoided, and the water mctui; (kiici turn ?huiisu, w...v-.. wing Ml n w i> w ill. ( cork and botlle, (an practised in New York and Philadelphia,) renders it altogether a perfect article. , Sirups of nupcrior quality, and every variety, of hi* own manufacture, constantly on hand. Particular attention is solicited to his sarsaparilla mead sirup, which combines the purifying and alterative properties of the earsnparilla in a great degree, (instead of the customary nauseous dose of molasses and oil of wintergrecn,) while it is as palatable as any of the fruit sirups. T. W. FULLER, Druggist and chemist, Corner of Penn. avenue uud 12th street. June 38?3t FOURTH OF JULYCELEBRATION ' AT P1NEY POINT PAVILION. The steamer Oseoln will i leave Washington for the Alexandria at 8, and arrive nt Piney Point the next morning by sunrise, affording passengers a fine opportunity of buthing before breakfast. Returning, will leave the Point at 10 o'clock, and arrive in Washington the next morning by 7 o'clock. By this arrangement, passengers will be absent but one day. At 12 o'clock there will be on oration delivered by the Hon. Mr. Causin, of Maryland, and the declaration of independence read by Joseph H. Bradley, esq., of Washington, and at 2 o'clock dinner will be served up. Messrs. Tyler d Birch, proprietors of the Pavilion, will spore no pains in procuring the best the Norfolk and Washington markets will afford; also, fish, oysters, crabs, turtle, dc. During the evening the ball will commence, for which the proprietors have procured an efficient cotilion band Jl3=*For passage, breakfast, dinner, supper, and ball,|5. The marine band will accompany the party from Washington. By raising a light, passengers will be taken off at the usual landings on the Potomac. JAS. MITCHELL. June 25?eoif War Department, June 25, 1845. THE franking privilege of this department and all its bureaus will cease after the 30th instant. The chiefs of bureaus will, therefore, give the necessary instructions to their several officers and agents, to reduce all public Correspondence and [tapers, as far at a strict compliance with the laws and regulations for the discharge of their duties will justify. All officers of the army, and others subject to the orders of this department, will be required to observe the same economy in their public correspondanoo ami ?rt If AS* ri A flH rartlfv tlinir nnufnn>n oannntn in duplicate, na required in all other public disbursements, and be governed by such forms and further regulations as may be published and required by the Post Office Department, in relation to postage accounts. G. BANCROFT, Acting Secretary of War. BANK OF THE METROPOLIS, June 30th, 1843. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES have declared a dividend of 3} per cent, out of the surplus profits for the last six months; which will be paid to the stockholders on and after the 3d of July. RD. SMITH, Cashier. June 30?3t i Orricx or transportation, B. AO. R. R. Co. Washinuton Branch, June 30, 1845. Reduction of Fare on the 4 th of July. Ij^XTRA train of cars will leave this depot for J Baltimore at 6 o'clock a. m. on Friday, the 4th I of July. i Tickets will be issued at for the round trip, > which will be good to return until the morning of the 7th, inclusive. The tickets must be procur> ed before the starting of the trains, otherwise the i regular fare of the roaa must be paid. ' ~ By order: ' SAM. STETT1NIUS, Agent, r June SO?3l ROCK CREEK.?Refreshment! of all kind* will be for aale at the rrore, near Rock Creek i church, on the afternoon or the 3d of July, all day of the 4th, and again on the afternoon of the 5th. , The proceede of the aale to be applied to purpoeea connected with the church and glebe. COMMUNICATIONS. For the Union. 1 RECKLESS INCONSISTENCY IN POLITICIANS. It is a subject of astonishment, if not amusement, o the political community, to witness the inconsistsncy practised by politicians in relation to office inder the general government. That there has been ui eternal contest for office, between the rival paries, since the formation of the government, none an dispute; and, what is much more remarkable, he federal party has managed, by perseverance and iiiportuuily, to retain a much larger number in ofice than the democrats, although the latter huve enoyed the executive patronage much longer. The ixtraordinary contest between Jefferson and the ilder Adams engendered all the bitterness of policial and partisan warfare, which naturally resulted, j ipon the success of the latter, in the almost entire ixclusion of democrats from office, and the appoint- j uenl of those of the successful party. To so great in extent did this prevail, that, upon the sulisequent lefeat of Adams, and the accession of Jefferson to he presidency, loud complaint was made because he latter appointed a few friends to office, and his produced his celebrated reply to the New laven committee. "It would have been to me," laid Mr. Jefferson, "a circumstance of great relief, rnd I found a moderate participation of office in the lands of the majority, (the democrats.) But their otal exclusion calls for prompter correctives." Duing the twenty-four years' administration of Messrs. 'efferson, Mudison, and Monroe, the executive paronage was with the democratic parly, yet no comiluint was mude of undue appointments of political riends to office; but upon the accession of the lounger Adams, and during his term, removals were unsuiui nuu extensive?no inutn no, mat, upon inc ild hero becoming President, he felt it necessury 0 revive the rule adopted by Mr. Jefferson nore than the fourth of a century previous. During, however, the twelve years of General ackson und Mr. Vnn Buren's udininistrutions, lothing like an equal number of democrats preailed in the subordinate departments of the govrnment. In this Mr. Van Burnt was most culpably legligent; and to this his best friends attributed, in 1 great measure, his overthrow, and the Waterloo lefent of the democratic party in 1840. No party an hope to succeed, that wilfully and ungratefully ewards enemies or opponents, to the neglect of varm, energetic, und attached friends; and great esponsibility rests upon that individual who, taken rom among the people, and raised by them to the ik heat pinnacle of human greutness, looks down vilh profound contempt upon the ladder by which le wus enabled to ascend, neglects his friends who lattled for him in doubt and uncertainty, and chooses lis national and political guard principally from I .mong his opponents, who sneered at and derided dm during the canvass, and most contemptuously isked "Who is James K. Polk?" Mankind are actuated by rewards and punishncnts, and the best judges of human nature have lever neglected to hold out suitable encourageucnt to great achievements, the accomplishment of vhich depends upon the union of all nvuiluble reonrces, and the degree of encouragement and rcvard tendered to the actors. There is in this counry, undoubtedly, a majority of the two puliticaf paries who arc actuated by June und patriotic motives n endeavoring to advance those principles they beieve to be correct; but between these two parties here is a flouting and fluctuating mass of votes, 1 which can always determine any election; and this . ind no administration or party ban ever continued i .bat baa neglected it. ( Tho ijunst admiiiiatration of Mr. Monroe, du- j ing which more political opponents thnn frie.nda < were employed, was succeeded by the defeat of the i lemocratic candidate, (General Jackaon;) but du- I ing hia ndminiatralion, some attention was paid to I .his important subject, of appointing friends in- | Head of enemies; and the democratic party prevail- l sd until the subject w as again treated with contempt i jy Mr. Van Buren, and with him the democratic i wirty fell. And it is now to be seen whether or t lot the present youthful and sugacious President i will peimit his sympulhy to he so wrought upon, I is wilfully and knowingly to see the party that elevated him to power split and wreck upon the same i rook that prostrated it with Mr. Van Btircn. i The reward of friends by appointment to office ias never been neglected by the federalists or whurs < rhc.y have invariably practised It whenever an op- | aoruinujr pi eat. n ted. it is true lltcy denounced, in t it measured terms, the celebrated expression of governor Marcy, "To lliu victors belong the spoils;" jut they have never hesitaicd to practise it. Upon he elevation of General Harrison, they came into aower, und commenced a course of proscription that has never been eipiallcd tit this or any other country. It far surpassed the reign of terror in France; for upon the downfall of the leaders there, the work of decapitation was but i? the United States, tho deuth of Harrison did not stuy lite work of proscription. Whilst he lay a corpse in the. executive mansion, it is a fact well known, that the dismissals from office continued; and during I the five months of whig administration, from the 4th of March, 1840, more individuals were removed front office than during the twelve years previous, although those twelve years included thecight years of General Jucksnn,?"tho man of the iron rule," as the whigs termed him. During the eanvttssof 1844, it was boldly and loudly proclaimed, even by Mr. Clay himself, and whilst the whigs were perfectly confii^nl of success, that, upon their succession to power again, only a few democrats, here and there, should be left as monuments of whig clemency; and I now ask any candid whig, if Mr. Clay had been elected, would a single democrat have been left in office? No, certainly not. And yet these whigs, who, when confident of success, established the rule of proscription themselves to operate upon their opponents, now seek to annul it, und, by whining and groaning, to excite the sympathy of the appointing power, in order to be retained in office. Alas! for the weakness and inconsistency of human nature. Cannot the whigs be exhorted to display more manliness, more fortitude, more dignity of character? If they ore political opponents, and have been condemned by their own mouths, and subject to dismission from offico by their own rule of action, surely they can act like men, and not be driven, by the love of ufljee,to seek, in n degrading manner, what they are not entitled to by their own decree?by their own mandate. Why should some men desire to retain office for u long series of years, who aro no better qualified for it than thousands of others, who are equally meritorious and equally in wain? It is not in accordance with the republican institutions of our country, that a certain set of men should hold on to the public crib for the fourth of a century, and realize their thirty, forty, or fifty thousand dollars, to the entire exclusion of others; nnd when n rotation in office is spoken of, to raise the hue-and-cry of proscription! proscription! w lial woulil nc tlinugnt ol a president nr a occrclary, were lie to seek to remain in office fifteen or twenty years? The clerks in the public departments are the only body of men in this country, except the judiciary, who seem to have a tenure for life, arid, indeed, in some respects, they are above the judiciary. The President is- elected every four years, and the members of the cabinet and foreign ministers are changed with him. The members of the Senate are elected every six, and the members of Congresa every two years The governors of the States, and the members ofthcStutc legislatures, are chosen periodically; and the pay of these functionaries is no better than that of tho clerks, in proportion to their duties. Why, then, should not all the officers of the government be changed? In many instances, so soon as a clerk is appointed, lie acema to imagine lie is ushered into a new existence, and forthwith launches into all the extravagance, ostentation, and display of a prince. He furnishes himself with "purple and fine linen, and fares sumptuously every day." He establishes himself in finely furnished apartments, or at some of the fashionable boarding-houses, lives up to his income, and thinks he is fixed for life; and there are clerks who have been in office twenty, thirty, and even forty years. This monopoly is not in accordance with our republican institutions, where all servants of the people are changed periodically. Why should not the heads of bureaus and clerks be changed with other officers of the government' Cannot a new clerk learn the minutiat of his duty, as soon as a President or a Secretary? In changing the officers of the government by rotation in office, new real, energy, and ability are . brought fresh from the people. Tho slumbering energies of a giant mind are often roused by a change of vocation. Men who require nothing hut i an opiiortunity of display to command attention, are placed upon a new theatre. For instance: it was predicted by this writer when Gen. Cass was governor of Michigan, that he was destined to fill a more conspicuous place in the public eye. lie has done so. The same prediction is now made in relation to Judge Shields, the recently appointed Commissioner ofthe General Land Office, who ia a gentleman eminently calculated to fill any station; and, by the possession of talents of a high order, untiring assiduity, a peculiar gift of intuitive discrimination relative to the correct decision upon first principles of all difficult questions pertaining to the ifischarge of his duty, and more especially by a bland courteous deportment, he has won the respect of all with whom nis business has brought him in contact. He stood high in his own Slate; and in the prompt and efficient management of the General Laml Office, he will become very fcvorably known to the American people. Such are ihe reeulu of rotation in office. . JUSTICE. EDITOR'S CORRESPONDENCE. [From our regular correspondent. | Philadelphia, June 30, 1845. I perceive that our booksellers are offering for ?ale the "History of the Oregon Territory and British North American Fur Trade," by John Dunn, of the Hudson Bay Company, who resided n the country eight years. The work is now for .he first time re-published in this country. This is he same book of which the London Spectator said, bout this time lust year, that it was "written with he unsuppressed prejudices of an employee of the Hudson Bay Company, and with no small share if the affectation of rough swuggcr which churacerizes these gentlemen. Of the extensive erudiion displayed by Mr. Qreenhow, there is quite as title in Mr. Dunn's work as of his diplomatic suavty." "But," continues ihe Spectator, "it haa all the reshness and fullness of a description by an eyewitness?by one who has resided for some time imong the acenes and persons described." The Spectator will find that its sneer at the Americans, ast June, cannot be used against litem now. It men haiu: "Since the publication of Washington Irving'* Astoria, tmericau publiciaU have been ince**antl]r putting forth look*, pamphlet* and newspaper article*, all laboring to iroduce an imnreision that the United Mate* have the Peat 'laim to the whole Oregon territory; while the British govirnment has utterly neglected the controversy ." *** "British iulyects, the agents ol a British chartered company, have leen settling the Oregon territory, while the Americans laVe been talking of settling it." If the Spectator will turn its eyes westward, it nay sec that its sneer cannot operate now. Hunlreds of hardy settlers are pushing theirefortunes ttlo the territory of Oregon1?hundreds of those who are used to the perils of a new colony; who, raving shared in the dangers of western pioneers, row that the wuve of civilization is rolling on over he homes they were first to settle, are eager to proceed still further onward in the region of the setting tun. Tluy will not be overcome by the accident? he worse than accident?that befell Astoria; for hey are prepared to defend themselves and their country's rights against all aggression. They carry with them the unerring western rifles, the sturdy rnmes of western pioneers, the warm hearts of \tnerieans, who "know their rights, and, knowing, lare maintain them." This is the last day of the old postage law. Tomorrow, the operation of the new law begins; and nuch speculation is indulged with regard to it. Our yoatmastcr, Dr. Lehman, has made all the necessary ^reparations, in anticipation of the radical change which it will effect. There is no doubt, in my mind, hat the new law will succeed; but it will be "or the next Congress, which meets on the 1st of December, to make such alterations as the experience yf the period between now and then may suggest. Dne of these alterations will be to abolish the principle of weight. Under the new law, five cents in til that is charged for a letter (or letters in one packtge) weighing half an ounce; ar.d it has been ascertained that four or five letters written on thin French etter-paper, such an is now prepared and rcady'for tale in our book-stores, will not weigh more thnn half an ounce. This, then, instead of being a change from twelve and a half to five cents, is in reality a change from sixty-two arid a half to five cents?taking the price now charged for the distance between New York and Philadelphia as an estimate! This, you will admit, is too radical a change ; but 1 was iBsurcd, a day or two ago, by a very respectuble gentleman who scented to know the fact, that a protect is now on foot in this city, originated by some jf the agents of private expresses, by which a still more unfortunate result will be effected. Under the new law, letter packages, chargeable by weight, can posod, then, by tliene private expresses, to curry fetters between New York anil Philadelphia, (which, under the new law, would singly mnount to five cents each) for four, or even three cents?a sufficient number (the announcement being, that all so sent are to be written 011 thin light paper) tiro gathered to make the required bulk ol three pounds, for which government would receive less than one cent a letter; the balance (say two cents) to go to the speculators, who amass these immense profits almost for nothing, (the only expense being the delivery it-. wiieu tney tmive,) anrr matte the government act as the carrier for a mere trifle, when paid by weight?and weight, in all such cases, will lie resorted to, of course. The distance between Boston and Philadelphia is ascertained to be exactly three hundred and three miles, or three miles more than the five cent distance. The same scheme will be resorted to between Boston and this city, with this difference: Letters for Boston will be consigned to a poet office tlirce or four miles from that city, or mailed from a post office three or four miles east of tils ctty; and the result will be, that while government will receive but a fraction for carrying the letters in question, as in the case of New York, immense profits will lie made by the speculators. If, indeed, packages of letters should be forwarded direct from here to Boston, these shrewd managers could carry single letters for six cents (ten cents being the charge under the new law for all distances over three hundred miles) by the process Hbove described, and reap the same enormous per ccntage. Kaclt packugc will no doubt be directed to one of lite firm in the city to which it is sent?for they will have, if they huve not already, brunches in nil the large towns?who will open it, and distribute the letters. The profits will !>e so large, that these expenses can easily be borne, and the business lie made quite a profitable one. The facilities for this sort of business under the new law are immense. Advertisements, proposing to enrry single letters between New York and Philadelphia for three, or even two cents, instead of five; and between Boston and Philadelphia for six, or even five cents, instead of ten?would soon appear in the ncws|>apers, and would attract, of course, hosts of customers?with the results i huve described. Let any one of your readers who desires, convince himself by n simple calculation, and tho notion here conveyed in the rough, would be found to be mathematically correct. Great fortunes will thus be uuule on the new postage law, and the government will be actually defrauded out of hundreds of thousands of dollars of revenue. I believe that the arrangements for carrying out this plan are already completed, and I conceive it to be my duty to call the attention of the proper authorities to it, so that if no immediate steps can be taken to arrest it, means may be adopted for having it rectified by Congress as soon as it assembles. It is plain that the principle under which this dangerous practice can be carried on, is not a sound principle, and deserves to be reformed altogether. There arc, however, other provisions in the law, which arc wholesome and salutary; and if five cents for all single letters for all distances within three hundred miles, and ten cents for all single letters over uiiu uinuiuce, wmi a rctiNoimoic iuvhiicc lor double or treble letters, be iifherted in pluce of the provision by wliich the principle of weight is recognised?with such other amendments us experience may justify?the law will be as- nearly perfect as it is possible to be. The great reforms of carrying papers thirty miles from the places where they arc published, free of postage, and of recognising our dimes and hnlf-dimes in theTates, will be found to be productive of the happiest results. The dissemination of intelligence nmong the people will thereby be greatly promoted, arid the present Spanish coin, which actually prevents the circulation of American coin, will tie Imnislicd gradually, because it will tie taken only for wlint it is actually wortb it is not, however, to be expected that a reform so great as that of reducing postages, will lie immediately successful. Government must expert to be the loser heavily in the first year or two; but the brilliant success of the penny postages in Great Britain, is a proof that the system now about to start in this country wili also eventually sneered. Mr. Rowland Hill, who is the author of the English system, is judlly entitled to the praise and the gratitude of his coumry for his valuable services. I (icrceive that a subscription was actually raised in England, to repair his decayed fortunes, several months ago! The excellent working of this system on the revenues of Great RritAin is now well known, having greatly increased the receipts into the British treasury. A recent English writer on the currency, thus notices a new advantage resulting from the English penny postage?an advantage which ia quite as certain to accrue to this country as to Great Britain: "I paid attentive consideration, at the time, to the effects on the circulation of the alteration in the postage, and tiecame convinced that Mr. Hill's plan enablcn the country to dispense wilh considerably more than ?1.000,000 circula mob; ?nu ID export ciinor W1M imoum 01 k"1". ui ?umf portion of it, obtaining in exchange commodities that wc hould not otherwike have 'had. Mr. Hill did not probably anticipate such a rplendld connequenco from hit admirable plan." The indication* from interior Pennsylvania in fnvor ofabundnnt crop*, contrary to expectations indulged a few week* ago, are moat excellent. Should our crop* be plentifiJ, and should the accounts of unfavorable crops abroad, received by the last steamer, be confirmed, it will operate greatly to the advantage of our own agriculturist*. The proceedings of your |Waahington ceremonies on Friday Inst have just reached us in Saturday's "Union." They are very interesting; but the chief beauty is the masterly and atirring oration of Mr. Bancroft. There are passages in that splendid eulogy that rival the best specimens of eloquence, and the whole production in worthy of the distinguished author. Ml*. Mowatt makca herapjiearance this evening hu Gertrude, in her own comedy of Kaahion. Since the unfortunate drbut of Mr. ( i up, the audience at the Walnut street Theatre, attendant upon tin* lady'* performances, have not been so numerous a* they should have been. [From our regular correipomleol.) Detroit, Michigan!, June 24, 1845. On the next day after I wrote to you from Buffalo, 1 visited the falls of Niagara, over a railroad of 22 miles in length, running parallel with Niagaru river. We passed Black Rock, a small scattered village, which the British captured, and, who?e fort they destroyed in 1813. Schlosser was the next point of greatest notoriety, opposite the lower end of Navy ixlitiwl If nnur rnnlmna olilv turn lntiiMfM nil nil) wooden warehouse and pier, (from which ihe Caroline was cut out,) with one antull farm-house, standing, it is said, on the site ot the old French fort, erected there prior to the conquest of Canada by the English. Schlosacr is within two and a half miles of the falls. 0 I huve not time to describe what has been so often and so well done; the character, appearances, points of view, &< , of these stupendous and wonderful cascades. They forcibly impress upon the mind of the beholder a sense of natural uwe and sublimity, probably nowhere else, over this whole earth, to be equalled. 1 crossed the river just l>elow the falls, to the Canada side, and visited the battle-ground of Lulldv's Lane. A village has since sprung up at this place, culled Drummondsville, named in honor of the British general who commanded the English troops on that occasion. Most of the battle-ground is now covered by orchards and fields. 1 went with Anderson, the guide, (who says he was in the battle as a British soldier,) into un old gruve-yard, situated near where the British artillery stood, which Col. Miller took at the point of the bayonet. In this gravc-yurd, Anderson pointed out two graves which he says contains the remains of eighteen American officers. Why cannot American [>alrioUam place some memorial over the graves of these brave men? The only memorial I saw of this kind, on our side, was a painted wooden board, with a simple epitaph, inscribing the name of Captain Hull, of the United States army, stating he had bravely fallen in this buttle. Another board of a similar description, erected by the bounty of a corporal and a few privates, over the remains of on English officer, with a tomb-stone placed over Col. Cecil Bishop, of the English forces, who died of wounds received at Black Rock, tire all the memorials seen at this burial-ground of Lundy's Lime, who fell in thut action. Col. Gordon, buried in the same ground, lies without a stone He belonged to the Royal Scotch Highlanders. This battle cost the contending parties over 800 aside, in killed and wounded. Having seen all worthy of note about the falls, I returned to Buffalo, and sailed at 7 p. m. the same day, on board the St. Louis, for Detroit We had on board a lurge number of emigrants and cabin passengers. The tide or emigration setting west by the lake route is prodigious. Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, and Indiana, seem to be the great points of attraction just now. jnavirrc itiucneu ui rair run aim ^levcinnu, we reached this place on the 22d, early in the morning; having passed Fort Maiden some twenty miles below. Detroit is a handsomo and well-laid-ort'town, and growing continually in population and commercial importance. It is situated on the west hank of the Detroit river, which never overflows or has any material rise or fall. Its water, as well as that of the lakes, nflbrds the most delicious drinking water. This town is connected in its history with many important scenes. Being early settled by the French, it became involved in the English and French CAnndian war, and even before it liecame a part of tlie United States, it had changed its flag five times. It wus once captured by the Indians, and wuh burnt down in 1803. In 1805, Gen. William Hull was appointed its governor. In 1812, by the ignominious and disgraceful surrender of Gen. Hull, it fell into the hands of the English. This event took place in the southern part of this town, the spot still being pointed out by old settlers who witnessed the transaction. In 1813, Detroit was retaken by the Americans, when a government was reorganized, and Gen. Lewis Cass appointed its govAbout fifty miles below this, the river Ilaism empties into the lake, at a point called Monroe, n was on this river the bloody massacre of the brave Kentuckians by Indiana was perpetrated by the non-interference of the English, under whose protection they had placed themselves aa prisoners of war. At Monroe, a most fiendish and cold-blooded crime was recently committed. It seems, a Mr. Uall, aaaktsr at ? lunik at ,Mor\roe. w?? decoyed into the woods at night, by a man by the name of Hells, of this place, who wns extremely intimate with Ilall; when he shot him?once in the back of the head, and once in the back of his body. The deed, it is believed, was committed with the diabolical design of obtaining the keys of the bank from Hall, and robbing it. Young Hall has both balls in him, but still survives; aiid, strange to say, walked out a day or two since. Wells is in prison, and, like other persons guilty of such horrid crimes, professes "insanity." Having a copy of M. Nicollet's map of the upper basin of the Mississippi with me, I have befcn led to trace our boundary between this country anil England, west from the northwestern shore of Luke Superior, beginning at the mouth of Pigeon river, by the late treaty of Washington; and find we have been most severely cheated in the new line, running from the point indicated to the Lake of the Woods Soon after parting from Lake Superior, nscending Pigeon river, we come to Hunter's island, about the size of a large county in one of the States. At the northwest point of this island, Pigeon river divides into two streams?one making an extensive turn to the north, while the other makes a bend to the south, uniting again at the foot of the island. Now, by the old line of boundary, the navigation of the entire river belonged to us, with Hunter's and other islands. These, with the channel north of the island, which is the dcepsstj have, by the treaty of Washington, by some unaccountable means", been transferred to the English : formerly, they yielded up the Pigeon river to our trnderH, &c., and moved their fort from the mouth of the river iodic forty miles up the lake, to Thunder bay, where they built Fort fftUiam. They have now again conie down (as they have a right to do) to Pigeon river, and inUArupt the transit of our iruders and people up nfld down its navigable channels and principal portages, besides Hunter's island, we have yielded Isle Lo Croix, still higher up the river. Hunter's island is about forty miles long by thirty miles wide, with the deep channel on its northern side. IbIc La Croix is about ten ' miles by fifteen miles in diameter. The line from ! La Croix west, is made to follow the southern chain | of lakes, on the most southern part of Pigeon river, | till it reaches the river above them. It then passes i to the Lake of the Woods, und from thence to the I 4!)th degree of north latitude, and so on west. What l pretext there was for changing our boundary northwest of Lake Superior up Pigeon river, where there never was 11 boundary in dispute, and where the Pigeon river and Hunter's island bad for years been laid down in British maps as our property, is more than I can tell. Those who -negotiated the treaty on our side, must have been grossly ignorant of geography and the natural boundaries of the country, or they must have been wofully overreached by the British minister. The boundary line, stretching across from Lake Superior, along the Pigeon river, to the Lake of the Woods', Red river, dr.c., is the weakest and ntosl exposed section of the United States. On the Red river of the North, and north of the Pigeon river, is s large body of hartly half-breed Indians, mixed with the Scotch and Germans, who Rave descended from Alexander Selkirk's colony, founded near Hudson's Bay. These |>eople have about six thousand men capable of performing military duty. They come down to the head-waters of the St. Peter's and Mississippi rivers every season, for the purpose of hunting buffalo, accompanied with their wagons nnd teams, which, when they have loaded with buffalo meat, they return to their own country. It is said, these men, with the warriors of the Indian tribes stretching west and north of the United Stales boundary line, number some twenty thousand fighting men, all of whom are under the control of the Hudson Bay (English) Company. In time of war (hue force* might he organized and brought to bear with destructive effect upon our new upper aeltlement* in Wisconsin and Iowa, and other portion* of our northweatern territory. To guard thia weak point on our northwestern frontier, our forta are , wrongly placed. The forta Snelling, Winnebago^ and Wilkins, are too far in the interior. Government ought, aa early aa practicable,Vi adopt meaaurea to build a strong fort at the junction of Pigeon river with Lake Superior, and then to erect detached forta along our enure line of frontier, up Pigeon river to the Lake of the Wooda, and from , thence along to the Red river, went. These forta would serve to protect our northwestern settlements, and to keep the British and half-breed Indiana, with Selkirk's descendants, in check. Let any man carefoily examine a map of the country we have described, and he will see the propriety of our suggestion. 1 leave here in a day or two for Mnckiaaw, from whence I will write ngain. I am, very reapectfully and truly, youre. MORGAN. POLITICAL. _ _ 1 from tho Nfw Vork Kvening To#!, Jum -J8. FREE TRADE WITH ENGLAND. 'I'lltyre is, in the Morning News to-day. un article ? on the eubject of American produce in England, in | which we recognise the pen of an able reasoner. i He states that ever since the failure of the Engliah harvest, in'1838, that country has been a large im-" i norter of foreign bread-suitls; and the government a has wisely, by rcduciug the duties, contributed to I make that tradu permanent, in order to permit a I regular interchange of commodities for corn to grow \ up, that the necessity of paying for corn with specie, ( in time of short harvest, might be obviated. The e importation last year, in spile of nil average harvest, t was 3,534,619 quarters, or i!8,276,952 bushels, ef i all kinds of gram, including 160,000 bushels of Indian corn, liestdes 356,384 barrels of wheat llour. lie publishes ine following uioic 01 opuim ?> England, from 1840 to 1844, showing undeniubly, in apite of tariff assertion* to the contrary, that the modifications of the English tariff huve been of the utinoat importante to the United States. The year 1840 was one of short harvest and high prices, and in 1842 the corn laws were modified 20 |>er cent. KXPORTi or CERTAIN ARTICLES TO ENGLAND. IH40. i?Mi. iota i at i Tallow, lbs. SO,MO 1,718,370 3,083.814 4,669,700 Hams, 'In. 1.001 160,774 OVI.4SO SoO.lOO Butter, ilo. 103,100 878,708 1,0..!),746 671.879 l.anl, ilo. 3,4.10,"AS 4,AW,474 8,970 000 I hoese, ilo. 1,414.784 8,113,044 6,178.901 Hour, libit. 070,910 '7110,074 '74,1113 187,700 Meal, bushels 101,030 173,000 78,736 Flaxseed, do. 78.001 17.770 34,016 16,801 So true it it that the export trude of our agricultural products is beginning to be of auch high importance to more interests than one, as to cause the state of the English harvest already to be watched here with almost us much anxiety us in England. Contradictory accounts, on this point, reached here by the last steamer. We have been at some pains to inquire particularly into the mutter, and huve arrived at the following result: The seeming contradiction is reconciled by the difference of the dates' in the udviecs received. Many of the circulars ure made up at the end of the month, and many of the commercial letters were written with a reference to those circulars. Now, up to the 30th May, the weather had been cold mid unpropitious, and the fears of the people of Engluud, ever extremely sensitive on the subject of harvest, hud already, in anticipation, begun to trace out the consequences which would be likely to happen from n short crop. Thus the "London Economist" of the 31st, a paper which devotes itself with extraordinary ability to the examination of the material interests of Great Britain, and has shown itself capable of foretelling the course of prices, speaks of the prospects of the harvest in the following words: "Wr have again, of late, received several letters on the subject of the future prospects of wheat. We cannot feel in uny wa) surprised at the susceptibility of tliu public mind on this subject, when we consider that, ill the present slate oi the laiv, any important rise is attiildod with serious cousequenCrs to So ni&ny interests. The price of wheat is a question which must enter less or more into every calculation of a mercantile, miinrtori.il, Use at, anil political on lure, ine recent ungeuiui weainer, ann me uuusuui iuiem'saoftlic season, has naturally produced groat uneasiness | in the minds oi many; and, inpeciully of late, that the ac- ( counts from all parts of the country have been ol a much less favorable kind. In most districts, less or more, the wire-worm has created cousideiable havoc with the wheat plant; in some, so much so, that large quantities have been ploughed up and re-sown with spring corn. Tin original breadth of w heat sown was, however, very great. 'I nere is, unquestionably, a sullicient stock of w heat in the country to carry iik over till the hurvest, without any material advance under ordinary circumstances, it blust not, however. lie lost sight of, that, as last year's crop was very early, and that of tills year very late, tire prodtlcc of last harvest will lie extended to the consumption of at least thirteen mouths, prom this tithe till harvest, tile course of prices must be regulated much.by the state ol the weather, and Its effects upon the growing crops. All that at present can lie said is, that the stock of wheat in tlio country, and the breadth sown, arc such as not to justify any advance of price under onlinary circumstances. The most critical period of the year is, however, during the next three mouths, as far us concerns the growing crops; and, certain it is, that up to this moment the crops are very backwurd and somewhat injured." The price of grain, however?although it had advanced a little, being one to two shillings dearer on free wheat, and two to three shillings per quarter higher in bond, on account of the demand for Belgium?still kept ut that low point, which showed that the apprehension of a defictsncy was not general. On the 7th September, 1844, the price stood at 50a. lid., and the "Economist" predicted lower prices, contrary to the received impression at that "m" t o., il.a 3(lth of November, the price was 46s. 4d. The same paper again stilted, "that the. prtco was nearly 5s. lower than in September, and wo hat/p no rnuuin to eynert ail advance thereon during the spring months." At inc date of the last number, (31st May,) that from which we have oxtructed the above, the Gazette price for the week was 4f>s. 9d., and the six weeks' average 45s lOil. After the 30th May, the weather changed completely, and from that time until the sailing of the steamer the crops continued to come forward vigorously,' and more than regained what they had lost by the easterly winds. The Liverpool Albion notices tliia change, and the reports of the corn markets of the 3d June refer to it with evident satisfaction. All this, however, serves only to show how extremely sensitive the public mind is oil this particular point, and how likely it is to be easily impressed by any changes in the weather for some months to come. The ngticullurtil tables prepared by Mr. Ellsworth, lately Commissioner of the Patent Office, have been republished in England, and area subject of much comment. These tables, it will be remembered, evinced a falling o(f in the production of wheat throughout the (Jnited States of about five per cent., in place of a considerable increase. It is staled, we see, in some of the Ohio papers, and in journals published in the western part of this State, thut these tables', like all government statistics of which wc have any knowledge, are erroneous, and that the yield of 1844 was actually greater than that of the preceding year. In Ohio alone, the tables report a deficiency of 3,000,000 bushels, with an increase of population from 1,750,000 to 1,835,000. Still, as these tables are the only authentic matters to which English corn-dealers can refer, they have been taken as the standard of export Irom this continent; and they have even inferred from them that the yield of gruin in Canada was also deficient ill an equal ratio. Under the operation of the liberal provisions of the revenue laws allocting trade with Canada, the imports of wheat and flour had increased in 1844, from 20,000 to 45,000 quarters of wheat, and from 396,000 to 767,000 barrels of flour. The comparatively high prices of Muy, June, July, and August of that year, ranging from 52a. to 57s., had oittscd this increase of a business, which, however, was not even then attended with any beneficial results to the shippers, and therefore is not likely to be I'lie private letters of tlie 4th June, all concur in representing the prospect of a good harvest at tliut time as a very fair one; and the circular of Wilkinson and Jewsbury, of the 4th June, makes u>c of this language in regard to it: "The manufacturing diitrirt* are itateil to he in lull activity, and Irwin the above uru likely to continue to lor a tons time to come. "The agricultural report* arc more natitfartory than at any former period in the preterit century, and there it everv appearance of an overwhelming produce of every kind, w hiclt ntay, in tome meaitirv, prevent prices advancing too rapidly." In the mean time, with regard to our own harvest, wo continue to have the most contradictory statements. The late mitts have done much good, even in that part of Ohio and Indiana where the wheat whs said to be cut oflf entirely; but it is cmid, on the other hand, that out of a sheaf of that grain, brought into Richmond, not a grain of wheat was to 1st found. In Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, and New York, however, there is no question of a full and abundant crop; and wc refer, as proof of this, to the continued dullness of the market at Buffalo and Rochester. We do not doubt that we still will have, after all, a large quantity of breudstulfs and provisions to spare for England, if she requires it. It is well known that the shipments of soiled provisions have all Is en unusually profitable, and the trade is likely to grow up into a far more important branch of exports than the great staple itself. All wc want is a continued regard for the free and liberal principles of true political economy, worthy of a free people and an intelligent age. Let us send to Europe that | which the dense and crowded masses in their manu1 factoring towns most want?food, good and cheap, | which we can best supply from a healthy and vigorous population. Let us lake from them that which they can make to better advantage than ourselves, and avoid the danger to republican institutions of crowding together in towns and cities a promiscuous population of operatives, possessing the right of suffrage and the power of votes, and naturally hostile I to the class from whirb ik.,,, ? 1 ? ? insurmountable barrier. D'lsracli, in hia new work called "Sybil, or The Two Nations"?which haa juat been issued from the preaa of Carey &. Hart in the cheap form, and ia one of the moat entertaining book a of the day? draws a true picture of the condition of the laboring claaa in hia own country, which ia atranger tharl any of the fictiona into which he haa interwoven it. Ya*. he aaya that, while he haa nlleged nothing in thia particular which ia not true, he haa found the absolute necessity of auppreaeing much that ia genuine, for the whole truth would throw over hia pages an air of improbability, which would prevent them from being read. And we saw, the other day, a statement II un English pn|>ei, that a body of laborers, weekly WHges had been reduced from seven l drillings, had struck for their old rates; which iver, they were not enabled to obtain. Eighteen cents ;>cr day the vragrt of an mhl,.!,..^ nan in Eugland! and yet his employers were con. wiled, as tbey said, to reduce that pittance t0 , imaller sum! If, by free trade with England, byagradual haste n removing fetters and shucklee upon trude, which lerve to build up sordid monopolies and endanger he peace of two great nations, se can supply m,|. ions of workingnieu 011 one side 0f t|,e Atlantir with cheaper bread, and the rare lu<ury if meat and cheese, and wbeatcn flour, encour. ige that which ever should lie the lending interest of i republic?its farmers--why, in the name ut com. lion sense, should we hesitate to do so? HONORS TO GENERAL JACKSON. Mount Pleasant, Charles County, J\Id., June 35, 1845. At a meeting held at the above place and time, lames L- Currey, esq., was callpd to the chair, *4 Fnhn L. Lancaster, esq., was appointed secretary. I'he meeting being then dulv organized, and pa. Mired for the transaction of business, tlie follow^ uiuouncemeiit vt aa made by Mr. Francis Hayre: Mr. Chairman: It is with feelings of regret, * lecp, too pungent, for the finite powers of my et iression, that the melancholy task has dsvolsj, ipoii me, of announcing to you, and to litis meetu| he awful fact, that the once powerful and sll-ehcn m? voice of the evci-mcruorublc and slormus UJ nituge, is now heard no more, and never will b* icard again; those lips, which have m>often breathe? icntiiueiits of the purest patriotism, are now lore*# dosed, with the black seal of eternal death; ih,; ongue, which has so frequently trumpeted the hih owed sound of unqualified republicanism, is no* >aralyi.ed in the taciturnity of the gloomy eruve; thg nice ucuve and energetic arm, so promptly and r* reatedly stretched forth in defence of proud Anted. :a's sacred liberties, is now at iff alid motionless u he icy arms of the Solemn .tomb) Unit unsubdued ittd soaring spirit, neVcr known to quad or falter, iven in tnc most trying moments of terrific danger, s now forever fled from the adored soil it so hero, cally defended, and would have died to save: in short, he great, the good, the brave, the illustrious Jackson, is no more. This ostensible emblem of u nation's pride, is low swept from the atage of existence by the untrring hand of a munificent Providence?this giest md fumousmnn breathed his last, at the Hermitage, >n Sunday evening, the Hth instant, ut about ii o'clock. He departed in the full possession of ail bis mental endowments; perfectly resigned U) the will of his God and Master; full in the consoling faith of redemption through the atoning blood of the slaughtered Lamb on Mount Calvary. Is there, then, a republican heart in the world, that does not mourn the deplorable loss of America's veteran hero; whose whole life, frotn the crudle to the grave, Iiub been one continued scene of anxious cure, for his country's interest and future prosperity, with an eye ever single to Iter elevation far above the. all-sordid principles of aristocracies and monarchies?endeavoring by all high-minded and honorable means to place her high anil firnt upon the immovable rock of eternul liberty? Is tle-ie, then, an American so ungrateful, so obdurate of heart, so entirely dead to all national justice and honor, (notwithstanding however widely life may have differed with the venerable patriot and statesman politically,) ns not to lament, and feci bis very heart bleed at every pore, for the national bereavement of him who exhausted all the ardor und fire of his vouth nod manhood in defending and maintaining the very liberties and privileges wc now enjoy? Alt! if such a man dwells within the shores of proud America?if such a man breathes the salubrious atmosphere of freo Columbia, that man is hostile to out liberties, a foe to our free institutions, and unworthy the name of the country that affords him sustenance. But, no; this surely eannot beplove, unexlinguishuble, undying love, lor the immortal Jackson, (last saviour of his country,) must, and will exist in the bosom of every American, until tints shall be no more; whether he he an American by fortune or by choice: for sure I tun, that the oppressed, but patriotic warm-hearted sons of the Emerald Isle?sweet magnificent gem of the ocean?who have been cbmpelled to flee the galling yoke of tyranny and oppression, to bid a painful farewell to the dear land of their nativity, and sought on these shores il>? blessed asylum of the oppressed of ervpry elimc, will unitedly sing hotnc brilliant chief, and join, heart and hand, in venerating the sacred name of Andrew Jackson, and perpetuate his memory until the Inst sand in life's hour-glass has run down, and their mortal remains arc consigned to the gloomy repository of dark oblivion. Who is it, allow nte to ask, that can, for a moment, recur to the horrid scenes of carnage and bloodshed enacted in the marshy bogs of Florida, nnd on the plains of Alabama, where the patriotic heart and noble spirit of Jackson stood undaunted and undismayed, amidst the horrid yell of a savsge foe, the dreadful roar of cannon, and awful clank of arms?where he beheld hearts of iron fall, and human blood in torrents run; and all, all for gloriouB liberty;?who, I ask, can recur to this fact, without expressing an ardent wish, a fervent dcaire, that Andrew Juckson could have lived forever? Who can, for a moment, contemplate the brilliant, the unparalleled victory of New Orleans, which ha> shed its enervating and invigorating influence over this wide-spread and still spreading republic, without heaving a bitter sigh, and dropping a tenr of wo, for the death of tho brave old hero who there so manfully and successfully defended the liberties ol his country, and preserved, untarnished, the virtue of her females? Oh I who is that woman, that will not indelibly inscribe upon her heart tha memory ol Jackson, in letters co-existcllt with life, to be effaced only by the blotting hand of relentless Death, when she reflects that it was he that stood belwecit the virtue of her sex and the lustful passions of a Is centinu8 host, who had boldly threatened to despol her of all that makes life sweet, or a woman re spected? Yes, fellovr-frcemtn, it was on the plains of New Orleans that the hero of our country immortalizetf his name; it was there that, with an almost incredible force, did lie Pack-in-liana of England; it wai there he stood, with a will of iron, and a nerve of steel, saying, "Come on. ye bold invaders, eoiw; and here is a heart must cease to brat, and an arm that muat be cold in death, ere you victoriously pollute the soil of this ancient city." And truly did they come; and not less truly did brave Jackson make the British blood in torrents stream. The republican policy of his political career i' rlnilv i- v 11 ittn i inr ltd In?It..... 1 Henrc I leave it to the jury of another age, who will doubtless render an impartial verdict upon the honest and sincere motives that actuated this devotee to Liberty's shrine. Full of days, full of honors, and full of his country's glory, ne has sunk, to ri-ie no more. Hatmj completed the mission for which high Heaven commissioned him, he Closed hih eyes in peace, happy in the belief of the perpetuation of his country's re-, publican limitations?happy in the belief that the stars and stripes will ever float triumphant in the breeze, "O'er the land of the free, and the home of die trove-" He is gone, and gone forever. A nation mourns, a nation weeps; mid may a nation forever cherish the memory of a Jackson, whose immortal pi'* now, front the blissful abodes of paradise, watcnt.", with an anxious eye, over the future destinies of? people he defended to the lust hour of hie existence lis monument is each freeman's heart; and should the hostile foot of oppression ever ngnin invade our land, mid attempt to pollute the soil that entomb* * George Washington and an Andrew Jackson, i?' their names be our motto, and let ua rally r" f-1/ around the towering tree of liberty, new prOlUB w ith the delicious fruits of their achievement*The following resolutions were then siibmide , and unanimously adopted: Whereas the melancholy intelligent e of ''"VlVrt.fmMtend Andrew Jackson has just been aujamflce'I lo t' ilia: Be it therefore , Hvso/isd That we do deeply sympathies"jd ' d<J|J mourn the lota our country hits Juat aualinirfl, m of General Andrew Jitcktoii. nmnfn W. That, in his death, it i? snanimotti of this meeting that oar common conntry ? nrpn** of its purest patriots, its hravsSt st?dlers, it? 0111"' men, and its brightest ornaments . - . forNrtnlird, That the proceedim* of this meeting , wanted to the Washington imgnfor publication. ? desire that all other papers etendly to the memory American hero will ropy. JAMI?rf L. CURREY, ChairrrMJohmL. Lanca'Ter, Secretary. Longfellow-a poets and OF FoROPR, 1 vol.; Wandering Jew, No-w John Rouge, the Holy Coat of Treves, snd the Germa.i Catholic Church; Journal of an A ri Cruiser, by an officer of the United 8W* n 7| edited by Nathaniel Hawthorne; Headley -c from Italy; Barnes's Notes on the Epistles Ql 1 vol. Just published, and this day recet* _ sale by , K. I July 1 I XPLORINQ EXFEDITlONTTchesi' ?pr| 1 complete in 5 large octavo volumes.we" ^ | in cloth, well printed on fine paper, with ""ll",(,0(n. very numerous engravings. Just received la' , , jjlete and finished form by F. Taylor?pnc* lr J Bt ? J