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THE WEEKLY AEIZONIAN.
Vol. 1,
TUBAC, ARIZONA, JUNE 9, 1859.
No, 15.
THE ARIZONIAN,
A WEEKIY PAPER,
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Letter from Henry A. Wise.
. Gov. Wise, of Virginia, has recently written
a letter of thirty columns length in the Rich
mond papers, giving his views upon politics.
The following extract, written in the Governor's
best style, is a specimen of the document :
The fool who says in his heart "there is no
God," sees the Frost King shooting his borea
lisi lights from the North Pole, and he then
looks to the Sun of the Summer solistice that
never crosses Cancer's line North, and he says
there is a war in the elements of Nature, and
Nature herself, he thinks, sets them contending,
Frost with Sun, Cold with Heat, North with
South, and South with North. But how differ
ently does Nature's music of the spheres answer
back in all ultimate harmony and peace. The
law of Frost and the law of Sun are reconciled
and kiss each other in the blending of lights
and of temperature, in the equipoise of expan
sion and contraction, in the variety of climate
and production, in the supply and sustenation
of animal and vegetable life and health in ev
ery form of existence. Nature makes no wars,
but arrays and mingles elements, and subdues
the one by the other only when her course is op
posed or- obstructed. Her hypoborean cold
piles up icebergs, and these again the heat melts
opart and sets them floating towards an Equa
tor to refrigerate the seas of 'the South, to make
invigora:ing winds and airs, and fructify dews
and rains ; und Frost and Sun say how near
Btireas the Africans, and how near the Tropics
the white men may labor in the fields of the re
spective Northern and Southern climes : and
all Nature says that the apple and the orange
hall,both grow and be exchanged for each oth
kr : -that wheat and eorn, and tobacco, and cot
ton, and rice, and sugar, in a plantation inter
est oflhe sunny fields of the South, shall have,
and must have, the African operatives, fitted for
the climate; and that a superior race must
master and govera aiad guide and provide for
them ; and that wheat, and corn, and grass,
and potatoes, and cattle, ia a farming interest
adjaeentto commerce aad manufactures and
mechanics' art, must, in the regions of cold,
have the superior race to be operatives and arti
sans, there to be masters of themselves and the
equals of their masters anywhere, and to be
benefitted by the labors of the slaves, in the ex
change of productions themselves. This is all
as harmonious as heat and cold, if God alone
be acknowledged the Supreme Providence, and
if His work and law be not obstructed and op
posed by the folly of man. The heat, and the
cold, the frost and the sun seem to contend, but
it ie only at last to make harmony and variety,
and a perfeet balanee by counter influence and
exekange of forces. And so this seeming war
of North and South, would be ultimately happy
and harmonious but' for the ignorance and
short-sightedness of human' vision. The war of
North and South sections in the United States
is no less strange than, in the language of a
matter divine, "the strange andmaly of a reli
gion of love producing the keenest hatreds,
and a gospel of peace engendering strifes and
animosities more bitter than the disputes and
rivalries of the profane.1' It is all owing' to the
arrogance and vanity of men attempting to as
same the Deity's prerogatives, to change the
very laws of our nature as well as of grace,
and in presuming to play Providence itself for
human affairs. This nation wants reverence
moro than anything else, to preserve its peaco
and prosperty.
Let us, then, before the sword of civil war is
ever drawn in tho United States, nil kneel
down in pious and patriotic devotion before that
God who led our fathers through tho gloom of
the Revolution tfl'sovereigh independence, when
we were a poor,1 despised, needy and veak peo
ple, and pray fervently, that now we are a
strong and prosperous nation, quintrupled in
power, and wealth, and population,' "and great
ness, wo may not be allowed to throw away all
by forgetting the divine care which isthe only
reliance, after all, of a free Republic for pro
tection. Despotisms are guarded by bayonets,
and the people are degraded ia order that brute
force may easily subdue them to a tyrant's will.
But wo cannot and dare not rely upon force ;
we will not be degraded, and will not submit to
tyrants. Tho laws immediately guard us ; but
what guard tho laws ? Nothing but a religious
sense and reverence, an enlightened Christian
conscience and reason, which alone can pre
serve the wisdom and virtue of tho people.
Modern Science in the Coming War.'
We are apparently on the eve of the most
tremendous armed conflict the world has seen
since the days of the Great Napoleon. The
wars of imperial Franco were bloody wars, as
all tho world knows. No slaughtered beta
combs were ever piled so high as tho great
emperor piled them The deud never lay so
thickly on any battlefield of which history
makes mention, as they lay on Eylau and Boro
dino and Waterloo.
But it is not saying too much to say thatfTf
the European powers let their armed hordes
loose upon one another this summer, ruthless
destroyer as Napoleon was, he will be shown
before three years are over, to have been a
mere tyro in the art of destruction. Since his
day all the arts have advanced with rapid
strides, but none with strides so rapid as this
one. The weapons with which the bridge of
Lodi was carried and Austerlitz and Marengo
were won, bear much the same resemblance to
the rifle of the present day as the matchlock
bore to the old musket Death did not in his
time flash from serried ranks until the foeman
stood two or three hundred yards apart. It
now flies in the air nearly three-quarters of a
mile, so far as the sharpest eye can mark a hu
man figure. His siege artillery would be to-day
by no means heavy pieces. Wellington's hea
viest breaching guns at Badjados and Salaman
ca were twenty-four pounders. The Russians
at Inkerman, and the British at the Tchernaya,
brought thirty-twc pounders jnto the field BtUt!
ease ana ettect uai tne advantage winch
heavy guns have hitherto had over fight ones
for the ordinary purpose of field artillery, has
been rather in the length of the range than the
size of the ball. Science has in our day des
troyed the difference between them. Recent
inventions, some of them those of our own
countrymen, some of Englishmen, and some of
the present Emperor of 1 ranee, have furnished
light field-pieces, which four horses can whirl
at the wildest gallop from point to point, with
more than the deadly power which forty years
ago belonged only to weapons which sixteen
horses could move with difficulty, and which
were only used for permenent batteries.
Moreover, facilities have been created since
Waterloo was fought, for bringing together
masses, of men thus armed, and dashing them
against one another, such as the great Napoleon
in his wildest dreams never dreamed of. We
all know how the rapidity of his movements
dazzled and astonished our fathers. We know
how he strode over Europe like a magician, tak
ing armies up, as it seemed In those days, in the
hollow of his hand, and in fliuging them in the
twinkling of an eye on every point where his
giant plans needed them. We know how dis
tauce seemed to shrivel up at the blast of his
trumpet We know how the pupils of Turenne
and Moutecuculli recoiled in dismay before le
gions which stuuck like a thunderbolt after hav
ing advanced like the wind. But great as was
the perfection to which he carried the art of ra
pid concentration, it beebmes the crawling of a
turtle when compared with the power with
which railways have armed tho generals of our
day. When Napolen started ou his expedi
tions, armies were of necessity divided into
columns, which, in order to secure the bare
means of subsistence and transport, were com
pelled either to follow each other at tolerable
long intervals, or else march on the same point
by different circuitous routes. And they did
march literally marched, trudged every inch
of the way on foot, and the eagle flapped his
wings over them in approbation if they achieved
fffty miles in the twenty-four hours. The mad
dest impatience of the maddest conqueror had
in those times to adapt itself to the capabilities
of human legs and humnn stomr hs.
It took, even in the hands of Napoleoii,a long
while to concentrate twoln-adred thowirid men
at a point three hundred miles distant' and
when they wore there it required stupendous
energy and stupendous resources to feed them.
All tne grand old heroes had to take pork and
flour into their grandest calculations ; and pork
and flour, alas ! have to be carried about to be
of any use.
The other day wo were told, in contrast with
this, that the present emperor was able to send
twenty-five thousand men in a day from Paris
to Lyons a distance of about three hundred
miles. It would have taken his uncle a week of
forced marches to accomplish the same object
Austria is sending troo s into Italy at the same
rate. Moreover, the same power which ren
ders this rapid concentration of troops, renders
their subsistence, while concentrated, just as
easy. The railroad dumps the soldiers nowa
day sdown on the battle-field, and the next day
dumps down a month's provisions in their rear.
The telegraph, we need hardly say, plays as
wonderful a part in this change as tho railroad.
One of Napoleon's generals would have required
four or five days to ask for a reinforcement,
which he now asks for in as many minutes. It
reaches him in as many hours as it would then
have taken days.
Militay Force of Europe, The Commer
cial Union of Antwerp has tho following statis
tics of the military and naval forces of the dif-1
frent States of the continent of Europe. The
figures which this journal publishes, without be
ing official, appear to be taken from reliable
sources:
France Armv, (effective force on June 1st,
1859,) 672,400 men, 168 field batteries. Navy,
417 vessels of war, 300 sailing, 117 steam,
27,000 marines.
Austria Army, 670,477 men, of which
520,400 are infantry, 70,300 cavalry, 59,292
artillery, 11,116 engineers and staff, 9,217
pontoniers. Navy, 104 vessels of war.
Prussia Armv, 525,000 men, of which
410,000 Of the active army and Landweher of
first ban., 115,000 of Landweher of second ban.
Navy, 50 vessels of war, 3,500 marines.
England Army, 223,000 men, including
those dispersed in the colonies. Navy, 600
vessels of war, 309 sailing, 251 steam, 40 ships
of the line, carrying 17,291 guns, aud 69,500
;ajlprs,
Russia Army, 1,069,600 men, including tho
reserve, and 226,000 irregulars. Navy, 177
vessels, 62,000 marines and gunners.
Turkey Array, 178,000 men, reserve, 148,
680, irregulars, 61,000, different contingents.
110,000. Navy, 70 vessels, 38,000 marines.
Spain Army, 75,000 men, peace establish
ment; 500,000 war establishment. Navy, 410
vessels, 15,000 marines.
Sardinia Army, 50,000 men. Navy, 40
vessels, 2,860 sailors.
Two Sioiues Army, 100,000 men, of which
10,000 are Swiss. Navy, 60 vessels, 22 sailing,
28 steamers, 100 cannoniers, (gun boats?;,
5,362 sailors.
Modina Army, 3,800 men.
Parma Army, 2,802 men.
Rome Army, 1,600 intantry, 1,315 cavalry.
Tuscany Army, 16,000 men.
Denmark Army, 60,000. Navy, 126 vessels
of war.
Sweden and Norway Army of Sweden,
44,000 men ; of Norway, 24,000. Navy, 349
vessels, and 126 chaloupes cannonniers, (gun
boats.)
Portugal Army, 35,000 men, including co
lonial corps. Navy, 44 vessels of war.
Netherlands Army, 58,647 men. Navy, 72
vessels, 58 gun boats, 7,000 sailors.
Belgium Army, 31,400 men, 7,322 cavalry,
peace establishment ; 84,000 cavaly, war estab
lishment Navy, 1 brig of 20 guns, 1 goelette,
120 chaloupes cannoniers.
Switzerland Army, 125,000 men, tho re
serve included ; Landweher, 150,000 men.
Greece Army, 10,000 men. . Navy, twenty
five vessels.
German States Federal army; 250,000 men.
German Confederation. Army, 225,000
men: 49,000 cavalry, including the Anstrian
and Prussian contingents.
Total of European armies, 4,962,066 men.
Navy, stated and estimated, 263,222 vessels,
Coinage of Silver Dollars. A letter from
San Francisco states that silver dollars are to
be coined at the branch mint in that city at an
early period. This is thopght a matter of con
siderable importance, as it is hoped that the
Chinese can bo induced to tako the American
dollars instead of the Mexican, wlicH are at a
premium; and that by this means, the discount
on over $2,000,000, which amount of silver is
annually exported to China, may be saved to
i tho merchants of this country. -
Mexican Indemnity, Tho Mobile Register, ed
ited by Mr. Forsyth, ex-Minister to Mexico,
hopes our government will remember, if the
British game of grab is to be played, that Amer
ican citizens are also largo creditors of tho
bankrupt nation, and their interests should bo
looked after. Mr. F. adds :
"There is but one solution of the Mexican
question. That country cannot govern itself.
It must have a guardian from abroad. If it
does not soon get that guardian upon condi
tions of peace and agreement, it will get it ia
the shape of a conqueror. If that guardian
ship is not American, it will be European if
it is not legal gavcrnmcnt and American, it
will be filibuster and European.
Eyploration of the far North, Minne
sota enterprise has an eye to the great North
west beyond, and a party is being organized to
explore the valleys of the Saskatchewan and
Columbia rivers the present year. The explor
ing party under the command of Col Nobles,
and Mr. S. B. Olrastead, will leave St Paul
about the middle of June, and will return by the
middle of November. The expedition is under
taken as a private adventure, and gold mines as
well as fiae land, are to be objects of search.
An advanced party of ten men will be sent
ahead, and volunteers to the mam force to the
number of one hundred will be accepted. Tho
cost per man is estimated at $300. Dr. J. D.
Goodrich, of St Paul, an excellent naturalist,
and several California miners, will accompany
the expedition.
I HIM
The Fejee Islands Ceded to England.
There is something very singular in the cession
of these islands to Great Britain, by the chief,
for the purpose of obtaining $45,000 to satisfy
the claims made by the United States sloop-of-war
Vandalia. We have had a report of this
strange transaction before, and now have a con
firmation, with the articles of the treaty.
The Fejee Archipelago is stated to be tho
mbst extensive and valuable'ln Polynesia. It
contains an estimated area of more than 20,000
square miles. Its climate, although tropical is
salubrious. Its soil is very fertile, producing
spontaneously and abundantly, many of tho
most valuable plants ot commerce.
Some of the islands produce a fine variety of
cotton, which will certainly be taken advantage
of by the English government. If the popula
tion, which numbers about 200,000 can be in
duced to labor with regularity, quite a cotton
crop may be produced.
A German naturalist has described nino
hundred and sixty species of flies, which he
has collected within a district of ten miles ex
tent Thirty thousand different insects which
prey upon wheat, have been collected.
m
Emigration to Hayti. Tho colored men
of Chicago liavo had a large meeting, at which
the following resolution was adopted, and a
committee appointed to correspond with tho
Haytion authorities on the subject :
"We believe that the Republic of Hayti offers
to the colored emigrant from a life of degreda
tion and slavery in the United States, facilities
for the improvement of his moral and intellec
tual condition, superior to any spot on tho
American continent ; and we believe it to be
not only a wise stroke of policy, but the im
perative duty of every free colored man in tho
United States, to make Hayti his future home ,
as soon as is consistent with the duty which ho
owes to himself and the four millions of friends
in bonds.
Nothing would please five-eights of the peo
ple of the United States better than an emigra
tion of tho freo colored populatian to Hayti or
anywhere else. We hope, the Chicago papers
will give due notice when tho first party of
"cullord pussons" leaves that city.
Vera Cruz. At Vera Cruz, at the last dates,
though but few of the fugitivo families have re
turned, affairs have resumed their quiet condi
tion. The gates had been declared permanent
ly open, and tho stores and shops were doing
.business, Great confidence, prevailed in the
liberal government
Tho Reverend Dr. Ide showed some " eight
dollar brandy" at n Temperance meeting in
Springfield, Massachusetts, on tho 9th ultimo,
which was manufactured at a cost of only ten
cents per gallon I
