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DAILT UNION SERIES -TOL, -LIT— NO. M—h
UAIL'd RECORD SERIES -VOL. _111-.NO. -«4.
HALE & CO., CRITEEION STORE.
- ' ■ ' ..-.-.■---.....-.._, ,-,;. : ' • ' ' ■ ■ -
LATEST BULLETIN !
K^HALI BROS/
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"C-E-.X-C-ESZeiXO-M'"
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WILL
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POSITIVELY CLOSE
-ON-
(V - ' 7>"7.v. : , '
Tuesday, Dec. 7th,
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ASD
ALL BUSINESS
W'aL BE
JSXTS_-*-ES-Nr-D_E--->
Until Further JSTotice.
Saso_Pfe.'^-- --7.--- -:-.v7
YOU HAVE THEN ONLY THREE DAYS' TIME:
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"
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Saturday,
«/ 7
*
■ ■
Monday,
Tuesday,
In which to avail yourselves of the
IMMENSE till. HNS ! 757^ 7 IMMENSE BABGAINS !
IMMENSE BARGAINS I I A II ll _■ B-^ ft' I >M* I"*""""' BARGAINS !
Immense BABGAINS : I |\#| |\#| t IVI **-__ t "i""" 1 bargains :
IMMENSE BABGAINS '. 1 1 VI IVI El 1110 L. «''«'» Si^_.-i :
IMMENSE BAKG AINS :lIW I I ¥ I _■_ I V^ _-■ HUUNSE BABGAINS •
IMMENSE BABGAINS I 7 r, IMMENSE BABGAINS !
BABGAINS j .-'- '7:7 --.—- ~'.s;-7 - , : "77..;.. I bargains:
vsm\ BARGAINS I Hi
bargains:! In_"^- ■ l\MflTI liW ■ | babgainsi
**■_■_■_■_•■_■■—■——■_■ ■_*»»■_• **_^ ___■_■ ■_______■_———_———• ■ — i
NOW OFFERED AT THE
GREAT REMOVAL SALE
AT—
X_:_3_3-.-E. -3-.OS.'
" Criterion,"
NO. 812 X STREET, BETWEEN EIGHTH AND NINTH
SACRAMENTO DAILY RECORD-UNION.
SACRAMENTO, TUFaSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 7, 1880.
MECHANICS' STOEE. :
_______'__ ■.:. ■ .■■ ■■: ■ ■■■-■■'. .-■ ■.■-■■■ .'■■ ■■'■•■ - : - i 7"'' -:- -"--^______
We desire to impress upon the minds of the public that we
are offering for sale DRY GOODS at prices that will prove bene-
ficial and of interest to our ■ customers, :
WE BELIEVE THAT PS— _____ ES OF
___."__" G-OODS
.-■.-:-:"-.-■ •'- -Ai **-■ --'" -"- AA... r*- J .'.:-.'A "• ■ ' -'i£i*-
- a r --. -. ~-a- .-. .■■-•-'
-■;-.-, -. . ..- - -^ -.1-. :-y:-A--A-A '
WILL FIND IT PROFITABLE TO CLOSELY fWMr
COMPARE OUR PRICES WITH THE PRICES OF OTHERS I
Polite Silr-nicn are ln attendance to wall upon tho>e who limy wl«h to price
and compare onr good*, sample* are cheerfully cut and given to those who desire
them, so a* to enable all to 7 77.7" :
COMPAEE ! •
- ' '■■-~'--' r - ".-■'■. ■ '-if^^k
-
criticise:
AAA Ay ;? :,7,:/--?7777A,/ v -7
and JUDGE !
dim -juu\x__i
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'•'■'••-. '•'"^^_H'' ; - - :
— ft— l snlS!— SWB6 !^3mS ftiJErfart^WiTiOSiTL—W 3. TnMETi_t— — f — _?!_— Ti jTiST-JtS . f l— tj '
¥c Invite Comparisons and Criticisms, for the
Price Marked on Each Article Shall Speak
i® a VERY PLAIN !
In feet. so plain, that a little reflect! an will convince the -INTELLIGENT and
ECONOMICAL lIOI'SE WIFE that It In greatly to - her Interest to pnrcliase at onr
bonne— not alone lance bill* of goods, but even such trifles as a Paper of Pin*.
Needles or a ■ Thimble. No matter what distance one may have to walk or ride
before reaching oar Stores, we ahaU see that IT WILL PAY WELL TO DO SO.
*_* Judges of goods must certainly, appreciate onr Prices, while Purchasers who
are I not expert judges will find ours the safest house to trade with ; for by -our
system of doing business, the poorest jud^e ,of goods receives a* much for the money
as an expert shopper. -WE HAVE BUT' :• 7;.;";- 7 J;
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10000 NNN NNNN EEEEEEaEB
PPPPPPP RHRRRRE nn CCCCCC ' EEEEEEB III!
P??PPPPP BRRRRRRR 1111 CCCCCCCO EEEEBEB
PPP PPP BKR RRR UII ' CCC. CCO EEK .7 1.-'
PPPPPPPP BRRRRRRR 1111 CCO "7r;KEB KB It
PPPPPPP RRRRRRR 1111 CCC ' _ HSII V. . 1
PPP RRR RRR".*. nil CCC CCO BEE*"* 111.
PPP RRR. RRR 1111 CCO CC : ££$.„„„,_
PPP RRR RRR mi CCCCCCCC EEEEEEB 1111
PPP RRR T.".t UII CCCCCC EEEEEEB 111 l
FROM WHICH WE NEVER DEVIATE.
WE CALL SPECIAL ATTENTION
TO OCR
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Black Cashmeres !
DRESS GOODS
... .-.'_ , . 7. --' ■*■--. '. 7 ''*'■'.*.■ ■7 " '.- - *'..-:.. V:7* ■ ■ -■--."-.'/- ," 'A- ■-
Velvets, Satins, Silks, Linens, Blankets, Hosiery,
LACES, COESETS,
Gloves, Underwear, Cloaks, Sisters, Circulars and
Dolmans; Felt Skirts, Shawls, Flannels,
COTTON AND WOOLEN KNITTED GOODS AND DOMESTICS
To accommodate purchasers of HOLIDAY GOODS, we shaMuring
the Month of : December . keep our stores open until 8 o'clock, and on
Saturday Nights until 10 o'clock.
tT COrNTBT : ORDERS FILLED _ I'IIIIKPII.r. SAMPLES AND PRICE LISTS
7. './ '''•... SENT FREE. : ADDBESS : '"^Z
Weinstock & Lubin,
P ROPRIETOR S
MECHANICS' STORE,
Nos. 400, 402, 404, 400, 40$ X street, Sacramento.
THE MESSAGE.
V lews of President Hayes on
?: National Affairs. ■'. '
EIGHTS OF SOUTHERN NEGROES^
Strong Argument in Favor of ; Civil
Service Reform.
MORMON AFFAIRS HANDLED WITHOUT GLOVES.
CMnese Treaties— Coast Defenßes— Finances
" —Indian Affairs.
.spec iil *y .___oß..ri[ T0 _ H _ REcoaD-i'sio.N".] -.:.
. Washington, December Cth.— The following is the
full text of the President's message, delivered to
Congress this morning : -. :
| Fellow-Citizens of the Senate and House of Rep
resentatives : I congratulate you on ' the continued
and increasing prosperity of : our country. By the
favor of Divine Providence we have been blest
during the past year with health, with abundant
harvests, with profitable employment for all our
people, with contentment at home and with 77-*7
I PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP ''■■'
With other nations. The occurrence of the twenty
fourth election of a Chief Magistrate has afforded an
other opportunity to the people of the United States
to exhibit to the world a significant example of the
peaceful and s.fo —_____■ 'of the power and
authority of the Government from the public ser
vants whose terms of office are about to expire to
their newly-chosen successors . 'i This example can
not fail to impress the rrofessedly thoughtful people
of other countries with the advantages which re
publican institutions offer. The general cheerful
acquiescence of all good citizens in the result of the
election gives a gratifying —sural to our country
and to its friends throughout the world that a gov
ernment based on the free consent of an intelligent
and patriotic people possesses eminently a strength,
stabil and permanence not found in any other form
of government. " „ 77,
AFFAIRS IS THE SOUTH.
The continued opposition to the lull and free en
joyment of the rights of citizenship conferred upon
the colored people by the Constitut'on still pre
vails in several of the late slavchoiding- States. It
has, perhaps," not been manifested in the recent
election to any large extent in acts of violence or
intimidation. It has, however, by fraudulent prac
tices in connection with ballDts, with the retaliations
as to its places and manner of voting, and with
counting, returning and canvassing the votes cast,
been successful in defeating the exercise of the right
preservative of all right*— the right of suf
frage- which the Constitution expressly confers on
our enfranchised citizens. It is the desire of the
good people of the whole country that sectionalism,
as a factor in our politics, should disappear. They
prefer that no section of the country should be
united in a solid opposition to any other section.
*I he disposition to refuse a prompt and hearty
obedience to the equal right* amendments to the
Constitution, Is all that now stands in the way of a
complete obliteration of sectional lines in our po
litical contests. As long as these amendments are
flagrantly violated or disregarded, it is safe to pre
sume that the people, who placed them in the Con
stitution a* embodying the legitimate results of the
war the Union, and who believe them to be wise
and necessary, will , continue to act together,
and to insist that they shall be obeyed. The para
mount question still is, as to the enjoyment of the
right by every ; American citizen, who has the
requisite qualifications, to freely cast his vote and
have, it honestly' counted. "7' With thi* jueatiw,
rightly settler), the country will be relieved ot . rj^B
contentions of the past ; bygones will indeed be by
gones, and political and party Issues with respect to
the economy and efficiency of the administration,
internal improvements, the tariff, deme—ie taxa
tion, education, finance an 1 other important sub
jects, will then receive their full share of attention.
But resistance to and nullification of the results cf
the war will unite together in resolute purpose for
their support all who maintain the authority of the
Government and the perpetuity of the Union, and
who adequately appreciate the value of the victory
achieved. This determination proceeds from no
hostile sentiment or feeling to any part of the peo
ple of our country, or to any of their interests.
The inviolability of the amendments rests upon the
fundamental principle of our Government They
are the solemn expression of the will of the people
of the United States. The sentiment that the con
stitutional rights of all our citizens must be main
tained does not grow weaker. | It will continue to
control the government of the country. Happily the
history of the late elections shows that in many
parts of the country where opposition to the Fif
teenth Amendment has heretofore prevailed it is
diminishing, and is likely to cease altogether if firm
and well considered action is taken by Congress. I
trust the House of Representatives and the Senate,
which have the right to judge of the election re
turns and qualifications of their own members, will
see to it that every case of violation of the letter or
spirit of the Fifteenth Amendment is thoroughly
investigated, and that no benefit from such viola
tion shall accrue to ai.y person or party. . It will be
the duty of the Executive, with sufficient appropria
tions for the purpose, to' prosecute unsparingly all
who have been engaged in depriving, citizens of the
rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution. 7
77, 7 7 . POPULAR EDUCATION.
- It must no', however, be forgotten that the best
and surest guarantee of the primary rights of citi
zenship is to be found in that capacity for self-pro
tecti— which can belong only to' a people whose
right to universal suffrage Is supported by univer
sal education. ' The. means at the comnirnd of local
and State authorities are in many cases wholly
inadequate to furnish free instruction to all who
need it. ; • This is especially true . where before
emancipation I the education of the '. people
was neglected or prevented 'in : the interest ol
slavery. j Firmly convinced that the subject of pop
ular . education ' deserves ; the | earnest :: attention
of - the : people ol ■"• the .; whole j country, i and
with a view to wise and . comprehensive
action by the Government -of the United States,'
1 respectfully recommend that Corgress, by suitable
legislation, and with proper safeguards, supplement
the local educational funds in the several States
where the grave duties and responsibilities of citi
zenship have been devolved on an uneducated peo
ple, by devoting to the purpose grants of the public
lands, and, if necessary, by appropriations from the
treasury' of the United States, j Whatever the Gov
ernment can fairly do to promote free popular edu
cation ought to . be done. Wherever general educa
tion is found, peace, virtue and social order prevail,
and civil and religious liberty are secure.
.7 THE CIVIL SERVICE.
In my former annual ' message* I have asked
the attention : of ;-" Congress rto the , urgent
necessity of a , reaffirmation of ; the
civil ; service . system of i the '- Government. My
views concerning the dangers of patronage or ap
pointments for personal or partisan consideration
have been strengthened by my observation and expe
rience in the Executive office, and I believe the dan
ger* j threaten the stability. of , the; Government.
Abuses so serious in their nature cannot be perma
nently tolerated. They tend to become more alarm- r
ing with the enlaigement] of I the administrative
service, as the growth of the country and population
increase* the number of officers and placemen em
ployed. 7 The ' reasons .: are imperative for 7. the
adoption of ; fixed rules for ■ the ; regulation
of appointments, promotion,: 1 pay .' and . remov
als, and the istablishing 'of ; a : uniform method,
having exclusively in every instance the attainment
of the best qualifications for "the position in que*-'
tion. Such a method 'alone is consistent with the
equal rights of all citizens, and the most econom
ical -ids efficient _ administration of j the | public
business. Competitive examinations in aid of im
partial appointments?, and | promotion ; hare . been
conducted for some years past in everaTc. the ex
ecutive department*, and by my direction the~sy_
tem baa been adopted in the Custom-houses and
Postofflce* of the largest cities of the country. In
the city of New York over 2,000 persons ___ "the
civil service have been subject 'tv their appoint
ments andjlenure of place to the ' operation of pub
lished rules for the; purpose during the past two"
y *?!-;' i The result* of these practical trials have
been very satisfactory, aid ' have confirmed my
opinion in favor, of thi, lystei of selection^* AU
are subject to the same tests, an I the result is free
from prejudice, personal favor or parti- an influence.
It secure* for the porition applied for the best qual
ification* attainable among the * competing appli- :
- y : y ■ ■ .--'''-. ■.'■■>--■ r - ----- ■■■■■'-.■■■ ..,,.-..-.. .. ..:-, ..,.-.'
- - - -■.....■■■--.
c-^pte. .; It is an effectual ; protection from the prers
ure of f importunity, which, under ] any other
- course , pursued,'.; largely '. exacts the . time and
J attention ;cf ' the appointing office s, '. to their
great.-- detriment in the discharge of
. other official duties, X preventing .": the .7 abuse
of $?_> sen-ice . for the mere furtherance of private
I ° T iiarty purpo es, and having the employe of the
Government freed from the obligation posed by
! patronage, to depend solely upon merit for retention
" *?."'. advancement; and with this constant incentive
to exertion and improvement. 7 These invaluable re
: suits have been attained ' in a high degree in the
; offices where the rules for appointment by competi
tive examination have been applied.7 A' method
which has so approved itself by experimental tests
: at points where such tests may be fairly considered
conclusive, should be extended ti all subordinate
positions under the Government. VT believe a strong
and growing public sentiment demands immediate
measures for securing and enforcing the highest
possible efficiency in i the civil service and its pro
tection frirn recognized abuses, and that the expe
rience referred to has demonstrated the feasibility
of such measures. The examinations in the Cus
tom-houses and Postofiaces have been held under
many j embarrassments, and . without ; provision
for .; compensatson r_ for the extra 7 labor per
formed "by * the officers who have 7 con
ducted them, and . whose commendable interest
in the public service has induced : this devotion
and labor without pecuniary reward. A continuance
of these labors gratuitously ought not to be expected,
and without an appropriation by Congress for com
pensation it is not practicable to extend the system
of examinations generally throughout the civil serv
ice/; It is also highly important ; that all such ex
aminations should Ibe conducted upon a uniform
system and under a general supervision. Section
1753 of the Revised Statute* authorizes the Presi
dent to prescribe the regulations for admission to
the civil service of the , United States, and j for this
purpose to employ suitable persons to conduct the
requisite inquiries with reference to the fitness of
each candidate in respect to bge, health, character,
knowledge and ability for the branch of service into
which he seeks to enter.* But the law is practically
inoperative, for : the 5. win t ' of the requisite ap
propriation. I therefore recommend an appropria
tion of _25,0C0 j per j annum to meet the ex
penses; of a ; committee to be appointed by the
President, in accordance with the terms of this sec
tion, whose duty it shall be to devise a just, uni
form and efficient ■*_ em of competitive examination,
and to supervise the applicatiou of the same through
out the entire civil service ; of the Government
I am persuaded that the facilities which such a com
mittee will afford fur , the testing of the fitness of
those who apply for office will not only be as wel
come a relief to the members of Corgress as it will
be to the President and heads of departments, but
that it will also tend to remove the causes of em
barrassment which now unavoidably and constantly
attend the conflicting claims of patronage between
the legislative and executive departments. The
most effectual check upon the pernicious competi
tion of influence and official favoritism in the be
stowal of office will be the substitution of in open
competition f of ; merit , between the applicants, in
which every one can make his own record, with the
assurance that his success will depend upon this
alone. 7 I also recommend such legislation as, while
leaving every officer as free as any other citizen to
express his political opinion - and to use his means
for their advancement, shall also enable him to feel
as safe as any private citizen in the refusal of all
demands upon his salary for political purposes. A
law which should thus guarantee true liberty and
justice to all who are engaged in the public service,
and likewise certain stringent provisions against
the use of official authority to coerce the political
action of private citizens or official subordinates, is
greatly to be desired. The most serious obstacle,
however, to an improvement of the civil service,
and especially to reform in the method of appoint
ment and removal, bag been found to be the prac
tice, under what is known as the " spoils system,"
by which the appointing power has been so largely
encroached upon by member* of Congress. ' The first
step in the reform of the civil service must be a com
plete divorce between Congress and Executive in the
matter appointments. The corrupting doctrine
' ml "to the victors belong the spoils" is insepar
able from Congressional patronage, as the estab
lished rule and practice of parties in power. It
seen— to be understood by applicants for office, and
by the people generally, that Representatives and
Senators are :' entitled . to 7 disburse the patron
age of their respective districts and States,
It is ; not here necessary to recite at
length the evil resulting frrm this "usurpa
tion of the executive • functions. The true
principles of the Government on the subject of
appointments to efflce, os stated in the National
Conventions if the leading parties of the country,
have again and again been approved by the Ameri
can people, and have not been called in question in
any quarter. ; These authentic expressions cf public
opinion upon this all important subject are the
statement of principles that belong to' the consti
tutional structure of the Government -that under
the Constitution the President and heads of depart
ments are to make nominations for office, tho Sen
ate is to advise and consent to appointments, and
the House of Representatives is to accuse and prose
cute " faithless officers. . The best interest if the
public service demand ' that these distinctions
be respected ; that Senators and Representatives,
who may be judges and accusers, should not dictate
appointments to office. • To this end the co-opera
tion of the legislative department of the Govern
ment is requested alike by the necessities of the case
and by public exigencies. Members of Congress
will not be relieved from the demand made upon
them with reference to appointment to office until
by legislative enactment the pernicious practice is
condemned and forbidden. It is therefore recom
mended that an Act be passed defining the relations
of members of Congress with respect to appointment
to office by the President, and 1 also recommend
that the provisions of Section 1767 and of the sec
tions following, of the Revised Statutes, computing
the tenure of offica Act of March 2, 1867, be repealed.
Believing that the reform of the system and methods
of the civil service in our country is one of the
highest nnd most imperative duties .of statesman
ship, and that it can jbe permanently done only by
the co-operation of the legislative and executive de
partments of the Government, I again recommend
the whole subject to your considerate attention.
POLYGAMY.
It is the recognized duty and purpose of th..
people of the United States and States to suppress
polygamy where it now exists in our Territories and
prevent its extension. : Faithful and zealous efforts
have been ma 'c by the United States authorities in
Utah to enforce the laws against it. Experience has
shown that the legislation upon this subject, to be
effective, ■ requires 7 executive, modification " and
amendments. ■ The longer action is delayed the more
difficult it will be to accomplish what is desired.
Prompt and decided measures are necessary. The
Mormon . sectarian . organization . which - uoholds
polygamy has the whole power of making and ex
editing the local legislation of the Territory. By its
control of the grand and petit juries it possesses
a large influence over the administration of justice.'
Exercising, as the heads of this sect do, the local
political power, of the Territory, they are able to
make effective their hostility to the law of Congress
on the subject of polygamy, and in fact to prevent
It* enforcement. ' Polygamy will not be abolished if
the enforcement of the law depends upon those who
practice it and uphold the crime. It can only be
suppressed by taking away the political power of
the sect which encourages and sustains it. The
power |of - Congress . to - enact : a suitable law to
protect A. the . Territeriea -.' is ample. It is not
safe 7 for •• half-way measures. The political
power • of : ; the . Mormon V sect : is •'.-■ increasing.
It controls now one of our wealthiest and most pop
ulous Territories. It is extending steadily into
other Territories. Wherever it goes it establishes
polygamy and sectarian political power. ' '•!, The sane
tity of marriage and family relations are the corner
stone of our American : society : and 'civilization.
Religious liberty and the separation of Church and
State are among the elementary" ideas of free insti
tutions. For. the re-establishment, of the Interests
and principles which polygamy and Morni onism have
imperiled and the reopening to intelligent and vir
tuous immigrants of all creeds that part of our do
main which has been in a great degree closed to gen
eral immigration by the j intolerant and immoral ta
stitutions, it is recommended that the government
of the Territory cl Utah be reorganized, that Con
gress provide for the government of Utah by a Gov
ernor and Judges or Commissioners appointed by
the i- President and confirmed ' by the Senate, or a
government analogous to the irovisional govern
ment established : for the territory; northwest of
Ohio by the ordinance 'of 1737. I', however, it is
deemed best to continue the existing form of the
local government, I ' recommend f that the right to
vote, bold office and sit on juries in the Territory of
Utah be confined to thine who neither practice nor
uphold • folygamy. ■ i If • thorough !' measures ; are
adopted, it is believed ' that within a few year* the
evils which now affect Utah will te eradicated, and
:r^.-r?^^-a.,i^,,:i«ii.;irrWii s^A.:ra'- -.~-j:-'y-
! this T^ t °* f ? * a }. '". IIW— time become one of thi
most prosperous and "attractive ol the ne\w States o
the Cnion.7. 7- 7. -.-.i. _■ -:'-..?;;■
7 'THK FISHERIES (JCESTIOJf.
: I Our relations with foreign r countries have' beei
those of undisturbed peace, and havo present* d n<
occasion for concern as to its continued n_tntenai.ee.
My anticipation of an early reply from the Rritfcli
Government to the demand of indemnity to ont
fishermen for injuries suffered by that I im tustry at
Fortune Bay] — January, IS7B, which I expressed in
my last annual message, was • a disappointment.
This answer wa* received only in the latter part of
April in the present year, and when received exhib
ited a failure of accord between the two Govern
ments as j to the measure of inshore fishing privi
leges secured to our fishermen by the Treaty of
Washington, and of so serious a" character that I
made it the subject of a communication to Congress,
ln which I recommended the adoption * of measures
which seemed to me proper ta ba taken by this
Government in the maintenance of the right* ac
corded to our fishermen j under the treaty, and to
wards the i security and indemnity for the ] injury
these interests had Buffer ed.."A bill to carry out
tbeae recommend— tions wa* under consideration
by the House of Representatives at the time of tbe
adjournment of Congress in Juno last. Within a
few week* I have received a communication from
Her Majesty's Government renewing consideration
of the subject, both of indemnity for injuries at For
tune Bay and of the interpretation of the treaty, in
which the previous correspondence bad shown the
two Governments to be at variance upon both these
topics.:' A disposition, toward a friendly agreement
is manifested by the recognition of ounight to in
demnity for the transactions at Fortune Bay, leav
ing the measure of such indemnity to a further
conference, and by an assent to the views of this
Government presented in the previous correspond
ence, that the regulation of the conflicting inter* tl
of the shore fijhery of the provincial sea— as ts and the
vessel fishery of our fishermen should be made the
subject of conference and concurrent arrangement
between the two Governments. . I sincerely hope a
basis may be found for a speedy adjustment of the
very serious divergence of views in the interprets.,
tion of the fishery clauses of the Treaty of Wash
!y will in good time become one of th.
•ous and attractive of the now States o
—S FISHERIES yI'ES ITIOIf.
ins with foreign countries have bee i
isturbed peace, and have presented nt
loncern as to its continued — _i ntenar. cc
lon of an early reply from the 'Iritis'
to the demand of indemnity to our
r injuries suffered by that inih» try at
in January, IS7B, which I expressed in
uai message, was a di.iappointn.tiit.
was received only iv the latter part of
irescntyear, and when received exhrb
of accord between the two Govern
the m— sure ot inshore fi— ing privi
-1 to our fishermen by the Treaty eif
and of so serious a charae'er that I
lbjeet of a communication to Congress,
commended the adoption of measures
d to ox. proper to l> i taken by this
in the maintenance of the rights ac
r fishermen under the treaty, and to
icurity and indemnity for the injury
ts had Buffered. A bill to carry out
aendations wai under consideration
of Representatives at the time of the
of Congress in Juno last. Within a
lave received a communication from
9 Government renewing consider— ion
, both of indemnity for injuries at For
of the interpretation of the treaty, in
vious correspondence had shown the
nnts to be at variance upon both these
position toward a friendly agreement
by tho recognition of our light to in
le transactions at Fortune Bay, leav
lure of such indemnity to a further
id by an assent to the views of this
presented in the previous correspond
regulation of the conflicting irtere ti
ihery of the provincial seacoasts and the
uf our fishermen should be made the
ference and concurrent arrangement
wo Governments. I sincerely hope a
ound for a speedy adjustment of the
Ivergence of views In the interprets
hery clauses of the Treaty of Wash
ington, which, as the 'correspondence between the
two Government* stood at the close of the last ses
sion of Congress, seemed irreconcilable. 7_ . . '}
777 THE AUSTRALIAN EXHIBITION'S, *.-. -
11l the important exhibition of arts and industries
which was rid last year at Sydney, New South
Wales, as well as in that now in progress at Mel
bourne, the United States have been efficiently and
honorably resented. The exhibitors from this
country at the former place received a large number
of awards in some of the most considerable depart
ments, and the participation of the United States
was recognized . by a special mark of distinction.
In the exhibition at Melbourne, the -line- taken by
our country is no less notable, and an equal degree
of success Is confidently expected.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
The state of peace and tranquillity now enjoyed
by all the nations of the Continent of Europe has
its favorable influence upon our diplomatic and
commercial relations with them. We have con
cluded and ratified a Convention with the French
Republic for be settlement of the claims of . the
citizens of either country against the other." Under
thi* Convention a Commission, presided over by
a distinguished publicist, appointed in pursuance
of the request of both nations by his Majesty the
Emperor of ■ Brazil, _ has ' been organized, and has
begun its session in this city,
A Congress to co ns'der moans for the protection
of industrial property has recently been in session
in Paris, to which I have appointed the Minister* of
the United State* in France and Belgium as dele
gates. 7ji77777 : .7:.'.'7^77:- ; ■: yy-A
Ihe International Commission upon Weights and
Measures also continues its work in Paris.
I invite your attention to the necessity of an
appropriation to be made to enable this Govern
ment to comply with its obligations under the met
rlcal convention. ' ' > 7;". ";'_;■. ':'.' '',-'A
Our friendly relations with the German Fmpire
oontinue without interruption.'-? At the recent In.
Lei riatio.nl hibition of Fi.li and Fisheries at Ber
lin, .the Participation of the United States, notwith
standing __ » iste with which the Commission was
forced to make its preparations, was extremely suc
tessfill and meritorious, winning for private exhib
itors numerous awards of a high "lass, and for the
country at large the principal prizi of honor offered
by his Majesty, the Emperor. The result of this
great success cannot but be advantageous to this
importa— and growing industry. I There have been
some questions raised between the two Governments
as to tho pioper tffect and interpretation ol our
treaties of naturalizition.but recent dispatches from
our Minister at Berlin Bhow that favorable progress
is making toward an understanding in acoordanca
with the views of this Government, which makes
admits no distinction whatever between this
tai,t and growing industry. There have been
questions raised between the two Governments
the pioper effect anl interpretation of our
_ of naturalrzition, but recent dispatches from
mister at Berlin show that favorable progress
e'uig toward an understanding in acoordanc3
the views of this Government, which makes
dmits no distinction whatever between the
rights of native and naturalized citizens of the
United States. In fact, the complaints of molesta
tion suffered by naturalized citizens abroad have
never been fewer than at present,
There is nothing of importance to note in our
unbroken friendly relations with the Governments
of Austria, Hungary, Russia, Portugal, Sweden and
Norway, Switzerland, Turkey and Greece.
* During last summer several vessels belonging to
the merchant marine of this country, sailing in
neutral waters of the West Indies, were fired at,
boarded and searched :by armed cruisers of the
Spanish Government. : The ciicumstance, :as re
ported, involved not only private injury to the per
sons concerned, but seemed too little observant of
the friendly relations existing for a century between
this country and Spain. The wrong was brought to
the attention of the Spanish Government in a mi
ous protest and remonstrance, and the matter is un
dergoing investigation by the royal authorities, with
a view to such reparation as may be called for by
the facts. - The Commiss icn sitting in this city for
the - adjudication .of the . claim* of j our citizens
against the Government of Spain is, it is hoped, ap
proaching a termination of its labors. The claims
against the United States, under the Florida treaty
with Spain, was submitted to Congress for its action
at the late session, and I again invite your attention
to this long-standing question, Willi a view to a final
disposition of the matter. At the invitation of the
Spanish Government a conference has recently been
held at the city of Madrid co consider the subject of
the protection ' by foreign powers of the native
Moors in the Empire of Morocco. The Minister of
the United States in Spain was directed to take part
in the deliberations : of this conference, the result
of which is a convention, ' signed on behalf of all
the Powers represented. . The instrument will be
laid , before the Senate for if* consideration. The
Government of the United States has also lost no
opportunity to urge upon that of the Emperor of
Morocco ■ the necessity, in " accortlance with the
humane and enlightened spirit of the age, of put
ting an end to the persecutions which have been so
prevalent : in ; that j country, of persons of a faith
other j than Moslem, and especially of the Hebrew
residents of Morocco. ii 7 .""'"
V: The consular treaty concluded with Belgium has
not yet been officially promulgated," owing to the
alteration of a word in text by the Senate the
unity to urge upon that of the Enqieror of
xi the necessity, in accordance with the
ie and enlightened spirit of the age, of put
i end to the persecutions which have been so
tnt in that country of persons of a faith
than Moslem, and especially of the Hebrew
its of Morocco,
consular treaty concluded with Belgium has
t been officially promulgated, owing to the
lon of a word in the text by the Senate of the
United States, which ! has occasioned delay, during
which the time allowed for ratification bos expired.'
The Senate will be asked to extend the period for
ratification. .."7 7;
- ■. The attempt to negotiate a treaty of extradition
with Denmark failed, on account of the objection of
the Danish Government to the usual clause provid
ing that each nation should pay the expense of the
arrest of prisoners whose extradition is asked.
The provisions made by Congress at its last ses
sion for the expenses of the Commission which has
been appointed and entered upon negotiations with
the Imperial Government of China on a subject of
great interest to the relations of the two countries,
enabled the Commissioners to proceed at once' upon
their mission. The Imperial Government was pre
pared to give prompt and respectful attention to the
matters brought under negotiation, and the con
ference* proceeded with . such rapidity that on the
I7th of November last two treaties were signed at
Tckin-onc relating- to the" introduction of Chinese
into this country, and one relating to commerce.
Mr. Trcsc ott, one of the Commissioners, is | now on
his way home, bringing j the" treaties/and j it J is ex
pected that they will jbe received i in season to be
la— before the Senate early in January. . "
7 Our Minister in Japan has negotiated a convention
for ; the reciprocal : relief of "shipwrecked seamen.
I j take f occasion jto i urge on more i upon Con
gress j the propriety of 7 making i" provisi on| ' for'
the erection of ; suitable ! fire-proof buildings at the
Japanese capital for the use of the American Leg*,
tion, and a court house and jail '• connected with It.
The Japanese . Government, with great generosity
and courtesy, has offered for this purpose an eli
gible _ I*— of 1and.7"7..v. - _,"•' • -'.77 • -.' ': ' ' , "'-/*"
--■ Aln my last annual message I called 'the attention'
of Congress to^Uie^sui-ject of : the indeaanity funds
received some years ago ' from China and Japan. I
renew tbe recommendation then made, that what- I
I ever portions of these funds are due to American I
', citizens should be jromptly (aid, and the reikjaa I
■.j ''- * -- — -'"■-. ■s-.rV&j'f-- *. »,.-J.--'.- ...'-7 ■■'•-'-"-^^-.->: .'-*'
DA L*-" .Mco-svwnoif SERIES,
VOLUME All -NUMBER 9*.
rrturned to the nations,' respectively, to which they
Jii-tlv and equitably belong. *;. 7-7;' * 7 "
The extradition treaty with the Kingdom of the
Netherlands, which has been for some time in the
course of negotiation, has, during . the past "year,
been conceded and duly ratified. V T 7- 7 "■■','.
Relations of friendship and " amity have been eg
tablithed between the Government of the United'
States and that of Roumam"- 7 We have sent a dip
lomatic representative to' Bucharest, and have re
ceived at this capital a Special Envoy, who has teen
charged by His Royal Highness, Prince Charles, to
announce the independent sovereignty of Roumania. :
We hope' for a speedy development of commercial
relations between the two countries.
In my last annual message I expressed a hope
that the prevalence of quiet on the border between
this country and Mexico would goon become so as
sured as to justify a modification of the order*"
then in force to our military commanders in regard
to crossing the frontier, without encouraging such
disturbances as would endanger the peace of the two ;
countries. Events moved in accordance with these '"■'
expectations, and the orders were accordingly
withdrawn, to the entire satisfactioi. of our own cit
izen* »nd the Mexican Govern i Subsequently :
the peace of the border waa again disturbed by a
savage foray under the command of Chief Victorio.
but by the continued and harmonious action of the
military forces of toth countries his band has been
broken up and substantially destroyed. . There is
reason to believe that the obstacles which have go
long prevented rapid and convenient communication
between the United States and Mexico by railway*
ire on tbe point of disappearing, and that several -
important enterprises of this character will soon bo
let on foot, which cannot fail to contribute largely
lo the prosperity of this country.
: New Envoys from Guatemala, Columbia, Bolivia.
Tenezuela and Nicaragua have recently arrived at
—is capital, whore distinction and enlightenment
iffords the best guarantee of the continuance of
'riendly relations between ourselves and these eas
ier republics.
THE ISTHMUS CANAL PROJECT.
The relations between this Government and that
if the , United State* iof Colombia have engaged
lublic attention during the last year, mainly by rea
lon of the project of the Interoceanic canal across
he Isthmus of Panama, to be built by private espi
_, under concessions from the Colombian Govern
ment for that purpose. The treaty obligations sub
listing between the United Slates and Colombia, by
rhich we guarantee the neutrality of transit and
he security of property - on the Colombian
sthmus, make it necessary that the conditions under
vhich so stupendous a change in the region em
iraced in this guarantee should be effected, traus
'•inning, as it would, this isthmus from a barrier
Mtween the Atlantic and Pacific oceans into a gate
ray and thoroughfare between them for the
vies and merchant ships of the world, should re
reive the approval of this Government, as being
rompatiblc with the discharge of these obligation*
in our part, and consistent with our interests as ihe
iriucipal commercial power of the western hemig
ihere. j The views which I expressed in a special
message to Congress in March last in relation to this
iroject I deem it my duty again to press upon your
ittention. Subsequent consideration has but con-
Irmed the opinion " that it is the right and duty
if the United States to assist and maintain such su
lervision and authority over any interoceanic canal
icross the Isthmus that connects North and South
tmerica as will protect our national interests."
The war between the Republics of Chile on the
me hand ani the allied Republics of Peru and Bo
ivia :on the other, . still continues. This
Government . has not felt . called | upon to in
terfere in a contest that Is within the belligerent
ight* of parties as independent State*. We have,
lowever, always held ourselves in readiness to aid
n accommodating their differences, and have at
iiffe rent times notified both belligerent* jof our
•illingness to render such service. Our good offices
n this direction were recently accepted by all tl
>elligerenta, and it was honed that they would
wove efficacious ; but I regret to announce that the
neasures which the Ministers — the United States
it Santiago and Lima were authorized to take, with
i view to bring about peace, were not successful.
In the course of the war sonic questions have arisen
iffec ting our neutral rights, in all of which the
Hi nisters of the United States have, under their
nstructions, acted with promptness and energy in
.he protection of American interests.
The relations of the United States with the Em
lire of Brazil continue to be most cordial, and their
■onimcrcial Intercourse steadily increases, to their
mutual advantage.
. The internal disorders with which the Argentine
Re-public has for some time past been afflicted, and
which have more or less influenced its external
trade, are understood to have been brought to a
dose. This happy result may be expected to re
journ! to the benefit of the foreign commerce of that
Republic, as well as to the development of its vast
interior resources.
In Samoa, the Government of King Malictna, wi
ll the support and recognition of the Consular
representatives of the United States, Gnat Britain
and Germany, seems to have given peace and tran
quillity to the islands. .. While it does not a,- pear de
sirable to adopt as a whole the schecre of a tripartite
local government which has been proposed, the
common interests if the three great treaty Powers
require harmony in their relations to the native
form of government, and this may be best assured
by simply a diplomatic agreement between them.
It would he well if the Consular jurisdiction of our
representative at Apia were increased in extent and
importance, so as to guard American interests in
the surrounding and outlying is lands of Oceanic*.
j The obelisk, generously presented by the Khedive
of Egypt to the city of New York, has safely arrived
in this country, and will be erected in that me
tropolis.
The Commission for the liquidation of tbe Egyp
tian debt has lately concluded its wcrk, and this
Government, at the earnest solicitation of the
Khedive, has acceded to the provisions adopted by
it, which will be laid before Congress for its infer
mation. '"*:•-;. -V--. ■• ;■■ >'<■",■}:
- The Commission for a revision of the judicial code
for. the tribunals of Egypt is now in session in
Cairo." Mr. Form an, Consul-General, and J. M.
Batcbelder, Esq., have been appointed as Commis
sioners to participate in this work. The organiza
tion will probably be continued for another period
of five years.
INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONFERENCE.
' In pursuance of an Act passed at the last session
of Congress, an Invitation has been extended to the
foreign maritime States to join in a sanitary con
ference in Washington, beginning the Ist of • Jan
nary. ; The acceptance of this invitation by many of
the prominent Powers gives promise of success in
this important measure, designed to establish a sys
tem of . international modification, by which the
spread of infectious or epidemic diseases may be
more effectively checked or prevented.
TRADE AND COMMERCE. - :
The attention of Congress is invited to the neces
sary appropriations for carrying into effect meas
ures to enlarge the trade anil ■ commerce of tbe
United States through the active agency of the con
sular officers, and through the dissemination of in
formation obtained from them. The un relaxed
interest in these efforts, as developed in our com
mercial communities, and the value of the informa
tion secured by ' this . means ,to the trade and .
manufactures of the country, were recognized by
Congress at Its last session, and provision was made
for the more frequent pu blication of consular and
other reports by : the Department of State. The
first Issue of this publication has now been prepared,
and subsequent issues may regularly be expected.
The importance and interest attached to the report*
of consular officers are witnessed by the general de
ma for them ■ty all classes ' of , merchant* and
manufacturers engaged in our foreign trade. : It is
believed that the system of such publication is de
serving the approval of Congress, and that the
necessary appropriation for its continuance and en
largement will commend itself to your considera
tion.? The 7! prosperous . energies cf.our do
mestic industries ■ and ' their . immense produc
tion ' now subject to ; foreign ; commerce . invito
.and even require active development ace— to -
the wishes and interests i f our people in that iir*c
tion. Especially important is it that our commer- .
cial relation* with the Atlantic and Pacific cos at* of
South America, and with the West Indies and Gulf of -
Mexico, should be direct,, and not through the cir
curt of a European system, and " should be carried
on in our" own bottoms. A full appreciation of the
opportunities which ' our front on : the Pacific ocean
gives to commerce with Japan, China and the East
Indies, with Australia anl the i Islanl group which
lie along these': routes of navigation, should inspir*
equal effort* to appropriate to our o«n 'shipping
and to administer fy our own capital a due propor- , :
tion of this trade. Whatever -edification of our
regulation* of trade and 1 navigation may te reces.
sari' or useful, to meet 'and ; direct ' this impulse to
the enlargement, of our carrying trade, lam sure
the wisdom o» Ctoa'gress.w- supply/. One initial
I" Icon-sued os _i- PACE.] ""
