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VOLUME 11. DANGEROUS DRUGS. DEADLY NEE VE-SOOTHERS AND TEEIB PERNICIOUS EFFECTS. Bow Destructive Ilabtts are Acquired— The Opium Fi«>n<l and Ilia Den- Cocaine, Chloral. Absinthe. Iv a recent letter to the Globe-Democrat a correspondent gave the readers an ac count of the cure of an opium slave by the efforts of his heroic wife. Few persons realize the dangers that innocent users of the deadly drugs run in seeking relief under the delusive influence of temporary effects. There is what maybe termed ft medicine habit, under the influence of which hundreds yearly fall. Pc pie who know nest to nothing of the physiological effects of a drug run the risk of a lifetime of slavery, perhaps, every time they in dulge in the attempt to be their own doc tors. In a recent interview with an eminent physician in New York, the corre ent obtained many points of interest dangerous drugs, as he felt that a m ore general knowledge of the nature and effects was especially desirable, as well as that the subject waa of popular interest. "There are ten drags," said the doctor, ''the general use of which is always aecotn pauied with danger, even when given by the direction of the most skilled physician, if their use be continued any length of time, ln u;ri^>. uf them the habit is established in from two to five weeks, and when once es tablished is exceedingly prone to recur, even after the drug has been discontinued an equal length of time If such drugs are danperous in the hands of a skilled physi cian, how much more so are they in the unskilled bands of the person who doses himself! The history of every case of drug mania will be found the same in One im portant and suggestive particular. The patient first took the medicine to soothe his nerves, or to overcome some disagree able nervous symptom that had established itself in his person. He take-the first dose and feels more or less relieved. When the effect of the first dose has passed the symptoms return with redoubled energy, and a second dose is resorted to. The re sult is that the habit is soon fixed on the unfortunate person. "As I said before, there are ten drugs in general use lhat are especially .hmgerous. They are good friends when their aid is evoke.! by the doctor to temporarily re lieve a symptom, during the action of some other drugs, or treatment for relief of the disease, but they are terrible and re lentless foes when one allows them to be so. They are not inaptly called the 'Decalogue of deadly nerve soothers,' and are as fol lows : "(1) Opium (crude ; (2) laudanu;, morphine; (4) cocaine; (5) chloral L;. (oi chloroform; (7) cannabis indie;:; (S) al cohol- (9) absinthe; (10) quinine. *' 1 course, many additions might be niaue to this li^t, but these are tlie most important, therefore we will confine our consideration at present to them. Nine tenths of all the slaves of the vial are opium fiends. This, then, is the most im portant drug of the decalogue, if we ex empt alcohol, which, of course, we all know, claims its thousands where the re mainder of these drugs claim their hun dreds. Opium, in the crude state, is used in the various opium joints, of which we have not a few in this city, by those who 'hit the pipe.' It is brought here in cans of different sizes, and is very costly, as there is a high revenue duty on it. Its physiological effects are due to some twenty different alkaloids. It is one of the most remarkably complicated compounds known to organic chemistry. "'Hitting the pipe*.is tbe method in which it is most widely used. In China and Malay, and indeed in all 1 countries, its victims are millions in num ber. •'•Some years ago I felt curious to see how the real opium fiend did it. I also to try the pipe just once myself. This I was at last enabled to do, and I must ad mit that I got the worth of the 15 that the experience co^t me. The establishment of Ah >ing, on Mott street, was tbe place where 1 made tbis experiment. I believe it has siuce been closed, and in comm >;i with all lovers of the public sood, 1 hope it lias been. The house waa dilapidated iv the extreme on the outside, a Chinese shop of some kind occupying tbe street floor. Only those known t" the wily and exclusive Ah Sing were admitted to the mysteries and tawdry magnificence of the second floor. As 1 was iv the company of a man about town, who was known there, no questions as to the safety of admitting me were asked. "t luce on the floor above the ahop the surroundings changed totally. The floor of the hall was covered with a light ( lu nese matting, on which lay oriental rugs to nrjiile the tread of visitors coming and go ing, so that the patrons of the place, once under the drug- eflects, should not be dis turbed i>y tiu- slightest sound. The floor was partitioned o_ into staterooms, ail handsomely trot np and baring locks t i the doors. ' Wensibly the place was a hotel. After registering our nanu and we gave fictitious ones—we were asked if we wished a single or double room. We chose I room together, but before going to it my friend led one to the rear of the noose and showed me such a sight as 1 hope I may never see again It was the room reserved for pat rons too poor to pay for aeparate rooms. Around the walls wire berths, one above' another, and every avilable foot of the floor itself ma oovend with mattres* which jversons of both sexes, in various states of immodest exposure, lay in the different stages of opium narcosis. I ob served that the men were some of them Chinese, bnt most of them were Americans. All were regular opium fiends, and each face, calmed though it was by tho Mtisfec tion produced by the drug. ; >ld b it too plainly the -lory of a ruined life, of the women, of whom 1 counted no less than eight, looked too respectable to be long to the class of tieuds surrounding them, but the appetite for the drug knows no law of decency, only the law of must have. Thus being unable to pay the price for more elegant surroundings, these poor things, some in silk fineries, mixed in one •incongruous ma6s with the rkbble. Tbis was indeed such a "hell" a* only Dante could appreciate. Throughout the place a peculiar pungent odor floated in tlie air, aad my sen- ■ already coaiineccvd to swim before we reached our tooea. Here we found a Celestial waiting for us with a 'layoi't,' as the pipes, etc- are called, and we at once prepared to try the effects of the oyium demon. "The 'layo^*', consisted of a long stemmed pipe, -be bowl of which wa< made quite flat, with an arrangement of metal tongues to hold the burning drug in position. Then there was a piece of crude opium, about the size of a bean, and sev eral curious tongs to affix it and properly manage it is the pipe. A bowl of water and a glass of some oriental liquor was t- :Jed to this, and to complete the lay-out, there is a tray to lay the pine in and keep it in position, 60 that it wmld not be able tc cause the clothing to catch fire. My friend and the celet-tial attendant fixed me Kit and I thus took my only opium smoke. A few whiffs of the pipe put me to sleep md I was soon dreaming of a multitude of remarkable things, no doubt, the strangest act being that although conscious that I lid dream, I could not remember on awak ining what I had dreamed. "Opium in every form is equally insidi ius. Laudanum, though extensiyely used, s no safer than morphine ii*sU in this SACRAMENTO SUNDAY UNION. particular. But observe all things, the hypodermic needle should never be placed in any patient's hands, nor should a doctor ever instruct a friend or nurse of the patient nor, indeed, any layman, how to use it. The records of opium arc full of instances in which this error has led to the most serious misfortunes. "The chloral habit is rapidly growing. Chloral hydrate is one of the best hypnotics or sleep-producers known. It is lem dan gerous than opium, as it does not produce tbe delightful, dreamy state that is char acteristic oi the latter, but the sleep pro duced by chloral is partly of an anesthetic nature, "snd the brain "does not get the same kind of rest as in natural sleep. The victims of this drug are chiefly those whose temperament is intensely active, and who are, therefore, prone to sleeplessness. It is not so pleasant to take, but this does not hinder the formation of the habit cf taking it constantly, and the consequences, wheu the habit is' once formed, amount almost to insanity. The cure of this teurosis, when once h'rmly established, so far seems im possible. I know of no recorded instances. '•Chloroform and even ether are not without their victims. I once had a patient who suffered from the chloroform habit, and it was the toughest battle one can imagine to cure him, and I knew of I of this habit where the victim -lied from an overdose of the drug. Cannabis Indies is the extract of the leaves of the Indian hemp. It is the 'hasheesh' of the East, and an extremely subtle aud deadly drug. In ludia its victims can be counted by hundreds, in thi-1 at 7 -.he world it is as yet but little used as a nerve soother, except by profe=sional men. Its effects are on the brain chiefly, and madness is the outcome of the habit once formed of using it. Alcohol is too well known to need comment at length. After all. no drug has a greater effect ou society. The sot is one of the most unfortunate victims of a neurosis. That can well be pictured. Yet no drug rightly used, is of mere value. A little wive for the stomach's sake can do no harm to the majority of people, if taken at meal times only. Liquors should never be drunk between meals when the stomach is empty or when digestion is going on. If taken with food we have the opinion of Dr. W. A. Hammond that it is a food. The same authority interdicts its use for children, as he believes it affects the growth of the brain. "Bat if alcohol is to be use with care, surely absinthe is to be interdicted alto gether by every man who has the slight est regard fur his nervous system. It is drink that kills, aud as its u-e is increas ing at an alarming rate in this country, I wish to speak of it more fully than of the other substances that I have described. It is more destructive to the nervous system than either whisky or opium. A man may live as an opium fiend, or a sot, for a num ber of j ears, but an habitual absinthe drinker seldom lasts over three years out side of a lunatic asylum, when his death is only the matter of another year, as the effects of this habit seem beyond the reach of treatment. "The severest case of delirum tremens resulting from whisky is nothing com pared to the delirious madness caused by absinthe. Absinthe is a drink of French invention, but it is now used more exten sively in America than in France, and in this country the peculiarities of the cli mate make it far more deadly that it is in its native home, where it is taken with more care than it is here. The French man knows that an .overdose should be avoided. Americans want to drink as much of it as they would of whisky, thus making now allowance for the increased risk in taking this circeian cup. This liquor consists essentially of brandy and alcohol, into which the volatile oil of wormwood has been incorporated by dis tillation. It 'is flavored with the oil of anise and sweetened, and several other less important flavors are added to give it its peculiar flavor. "The drinker of absinthe at first does not observe anything especially unusual in his general health, but as the drug gets his system more fully in its grip, sleeplessness and unsteadiness of the nerves come on. He soon loses all mental will power, and is unable to focus his thoughts on any sub ject for ten minutes together. The eyes are early affected by the drug. Doable sight, and even blindness, is an early symptom of the hopeless stage of this habit. Not long ago I was consulted by a well-known dramatic writer, who had be come the victim of the absinthe habit. He had all the symptoms referred to, but when under the influence of drink he also had a wonderful power of mental concen tration, in which he was enabled to write articles for the press, and even parts of plays. He had been a well-known play wricht, and it was during the writing of a well-known play that he first took the drink that kills. I was unable to help him, and soon after, a mental wreck, his friends had him put into an asylum, where he recently died. "Of the quinine habit I will only say this, it is not as bad in its effects on the victim as are the other drug habits de scribed, but it is very apt to lead to one of them. Again, it is quite needless to take quinine as though it were an article of food in this climate, anil its effects on all the organs of the senses is finally more or less destructive. The greater number of 4 deafness set-king relief in our hos pitals, we are told by statistics, are caused by •j'linitie. It also causes blindness, and a pathological condition of the vital organs, especially of the heart. < >:i the whole, I think it is well placed among the ten dangerous drugs. Of cocaine I cannot say much, except don't take it without a doctor's pre sciiption. AYe have several ac of instances in which it has caused the ruin of doctors who tried it on themselves for experimental purposes. The cocaine habit, 60 far as we understand it, is iike both the morphine and absinthe habits united. "The moral of all this i--, tliat when a i person does not feel in normal health, don't dose indiscriminately, but go to a doctjr. Before going to a doctor try hy gienic measure-. Eat regnlarly aud io nut partake of highly flavored food. Con diments are in truth drug5, that do not enter tbe -yst;m without producing some eflect. If you are a smoker, reduce the number of your cigars daily. Take fre quent baths and dress in loose-fitting clothing of the right weight for the sea son, and take all the exercise that com fort and time will allow. 'The walking cure' is just now coming into the fashion. It i- a xr>o<l cure for a legion of minor com plaints that ordinarily people want to take drags for. Let people take less drugs and more good exercise, and get healthy bodies and well regulate 1 minds, aud the medical jr ifi ssion a ill ;o into bankruptcy for the need ol patient-." Georgia's Bible. The old bible which so long has been nn object familiar to visitors to the Execu tive department was shipped to Savannah recently. It came to Atlanta from Mill edgeville just after the war, with other plunder belonging to the State. Governor Gordon and all his predecessors who have cd office during the time of the younger generation sealed the official oaths with lips laid fervently upon its cover. On the back was the name "Math us." Not long ago T. N. Theus wrote to the Executive department, claim ing the old book as his mother's bible. A sister, he said, in whose possession it was, refugeed in Milledgeville just before the close of the war. She was forced to lesve there hurriedly on account of Sherman's arrival, and forgot to take the book away with her. Exactly how it found its way to the State Hou»e is not known.— Macon Victoria is the oldest monarch of any great country in the world in age, as well as in service! She is 71 years old, and has been on the throne fifty-three years, SACRAMENTO, CAL., SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 28, 1890. CHARACTER IN EARS. ATJBOLOGY IS SCARCELY LESS INTZE- SSTINC- THAN PALMISTS.. What tho Different Sizes and Shapes Xutlicate as to Mental and Moral Peculiarities. Of late a great deal has been written on palmistry. And however interesting the study of this speculative science may be — for in truth it has recently been brought wit bin scientific limits—it is scarcely more interesting than aurolosry, or the study of the ears, says Go . Lava tor, the eminent physiologist, asserted that a man's character could be learned by a careful examination of his nose, and so expert did he become in his system that he was able to make a large number of converts to his mystical theory. lie also held that much might be learned of the psychological tendencies of the human race by a comparative study of their tars. In this he waa unquestionably right, and we who have for some time entered as t*r as we could into the mazes of this speculative inquiry have come to the conclusion that ears are the best tell-tales of human sym pathies, moral or physical—better thau either hands or noses, and scientiiieally only second, if it be -so, to phrenology. Sculptors devote the greatest attention to the modeling of an ear. By these coun terfeiters of human beauty the small ear which inclines to the shape of the goat's ear —that is to say, while perfect in its imperfect convolutions, has a tendency, the slightest possible, to taper at the top like the ear of the goat or the mythical satyr —is considered by them the most beautiful. This is noticeable in all the most celebrated statues representing the female form executed at the period when Greek art was at its highest point of ex cellence, and which it lias been the ambi tion of the sculptors of all succeeding ages to imitate or emulate. Such an ear was considered to be indicative of a finely wrought nervous organization and sensuous or erotic temperament. For these reasons, as well as on account of its symmetrical delicacy, this shaped ear was considered the necessary and only appendage of real beauty. In the statues of tlie male form, the sculptors carried out the same idea, but when they wished to portray an ideal sensuous form they never failed to make the ear of a modified goat form, as was always the case when they represented in marble a satyr or a faun, these two hybrid creatures of man's imagination being by the ancients deemed the emblems of gross sensuality. After a careful examination we have come to the conclusion that the ancients understood aurology in this par ticular branch, for we have always noticed that the faun or goat-like ear on man or woman indicated a fierce, erotic tendency. On the other hand, when the top of the ear is rounded like the narrow end of an egg, the stronger erotic tendency in the nature disappears and is characteristic of a lovable acd romantic disposition, or rather a disposition that yearns after the romantic and pines to be loved. Again, those ears of a similar shape, but where the hem is flat, as if ironed down, indicate a vacillating mind, which in women usu ally belongs to flirts and those who lack ideality, and in man is characteristic of mean intelligence and cold temper. Where the small ear inclines rather to the round than the elongated oval it is a certain in dication that the person, male or female, to whom it belongs is of an amorous, jeal ous, but treacherous nature, and although quick in perception, defective in the rea soning faculties, and therefore defective in judgment. When the ear is ovai and the lobe slightly, but distinctly marked, a lofty ideality, combined with great sensi tiveness, is always noticeable. Hut when there is no lobe and the ear widens toward the top, these indicate cunning, selfishness and a revengeful disposition. Of course, with certain modifications, the character changes, but not in any perceptible degree; so that the foregoing may be taken as un alterable laws in the reading of character by the cars. Were it possible for us to give diagrams we could better explain our theory; still, language is to a great extent sufficient to explain it, and by carefully following what we write it will be observed that our sys tem is almost infallible. -Vs a general rule, poets, painters, sculptors and men and women of a lofty intellectual tendency have small ears, while those who in their moral sympathies are gross and incline most to the animal have larse ears of flabby appearance, and with heavy, un sightly lobes. There is, however, a re markable modification to be carefully regarded in judging characters by large ears. Large and round ones, with a neat hem, well-carved, not Hat, indicate a strong will, a bulldog-like tenacity of purpose and a saturnine disposition. If the lobes of such ears be heavy they mark their owners, male or female, as lascivious, prone to flattery, weak in everything that concerns their opposing sex, and manifest ing a disposition to be prodigal in expendi ture in the pursuit of selfish pleasures and in the effort to gratify their desires. Thriftless men and women never have ears of this shape, while those who are gener ous, extravagant and profuse in expendi ture, thriftless even to be unjust in their dealings with their fellow-man, have al most always small, well-shaped ears, as though that which seemed an external beauty should be indicative of mental ir regularity. As a general rule the large ear, without the heavy lobe, is notable in men who are eminent in statecraft, money getting and speculative enterprise. Such men are great thinkers generally, but never great orators, as if the size of tbeir ears spoiled the use of their tongues. Your great and successful inciters to revolutions have almost always been remarkable for ears of this shape, while your men of ac tion and daring had small, round ones. It may have been remarked by the ob servant that certain ears on the inner rim toward the top have a small excrescence like one of the tips of a cock's comb. This is indicative of a weak character, but ob stinate withal, though counter balanced by a placid temper. Such persons are indif ferent to the disturbing influences of the outer world, and, as a rule, make the best of everything because they lack the refiue ment or sensitiveness to be in any wav dis turbed by them. When there is"an inden tation instead of an excrescence, an irrita bility and quickness of temper are indi cated, balanced by a general impulsiveness of character. The owners of such ears are ambitious, but they generally want deter mination to accomplish their ambitious designs; they are always nervous and ex citable, quick to determine, slow to cxc- When the ears are large and droop at the top, and are without a hem, the gross in stincts are palpable. These indicate in their owners vanity, insolence, arrogance and a general satisfaction wiih themselves. We have always noted that such ears be long to men and women of a tyrannical nature, an aggressive manner, a vicious temper, who would sacrifice everything to their own selfishness, even the happiness of others. Yet they have their one re deeming quality, for, given the power, they will, as long as their desire is fed, re ward flattery to any extent. Nature has ordained that the ears should be less sensitive to heat and cold than any other portion of the body, and yet to those learned in therapeutics" it is well known that they, like the tongue, in many ways indicate sickness or a distem pered organization. Thus, though a trans parent or alabaster-like appearance may add to the beauty of the organ, it never theless is an evidence of great delicacy of constitution and generally—indeed, almost always—indicates a tendency to phthi-is. The "ear is only, however, susceptible to the physical changes of the body, whereas the tongue not only manifests physical disor ganization, but also mental aberration or disturbance, thereby proving that it is a tell-tale of the state of the brain as well aa of the stomach. It has been noticed that in human beings of a low or debased men tal standard the ears are large and flabby as in cretins and idiots. This is, in a re markable manner, noticeable in th es wretched creatures who, because of their base mentality or rather want of what we call the reasoning faculty, the traveler may see in various parts of Switzerland, huddled together like animals, especially at Sion, rear Martigny, the town in that country where the largest number of cre tins are to be found. Among all civilized people small ears, as well as small an! symmetrical banns, indi cate high breeding, which, by the way, is by no means synonymous with lofty birth, for among some of our nobility large beads and large ears are by no means uncommon. Among the higher castes of tiie orientals a large or ill-shaped ear is seldom seen, and to preserve its beauty has always been deemed necessary. By many it is be lieved that there is a sympathy between the eyes and the ears, and for this reason there exists a superstition among the com mon people of Europe that if one sutlers from weak eyes ear-rings will cure the de fect, for they assert that the evil humors which injures the eyesight are draw:: by the hole 3 which _ the ear-rings keep open in the lobes of fhe ears. This, how ever, is simply a superstition, and is in uo way justified by medical science. The cus tom of wearing ear-rings did not arise from this nuaint belief, for the superstition was rather the consequence of the custom, and was by many given as the reason for their continuing to persist in maintaining the habit of luxurious barbarism. So much was it in vogue that the ears of the greatest men, as well as women, a couple of centuries ago, were adorned with the richest jewels, set in gold, and so heavy were these that they frequently elongated the ear to a unpleasant degree. Many European as well as Asiatic sovereigns wore ear-rings, and we know that Charles I. wore pearl ear-rings, for immediately prior to his execution he detached one, of great value, and gave it to Bishop Juxon, that he might convey it as a dying gift from him to his daughter, the Princess Royal. WIT AND WISDOM. A man's better half lays down the rules in the house, but she usually allows her husband to lay down the carpets. "There is one solace left me at least," remarked the old farmer. "After all my boys leave and go up to the city, after the pigs and cattle die, and everything else forsakes me, there is at least one thing that sticks to the old farm." "And that is—" "The mortgage." Brown—"I hear that you married the broker's daughter and that he gave you 5210,000 as a start." Bobwigger—"Ye*, he gave me the check together with his advice. I took the money." Brown— "Well V Bobwigger—"l lost it nearly all and now I'm going back for the advice." Farmer's Wife —"Who is that horrible looking man at the gate?" Tramp— "That's a friend of mine, mum." Farmer's Wife—"Well, he's the worst-looking thing I've seen in seventeen years." Tramp— "He ain't very pretty, mum, I'll admit, but between you and me he stands very high in our profession." First Sweet Girl—"Oh, you should dance Strauss' new minuet waltz; it is per fectly lovely !" Second Sweet Girl—"I hate those poky old minuet figures." F. S. G.—"Oh, it isn't like the old minuet at all. It's too lovely for anything! You waltz awhile, and then the music changes, and you go off in a corner and hug." Doctor—"Really, madam, if you wish those splitting headaches to stop, you must throw away that spotted veil I see you wear." Fair Patient—"Pshaw '." Doctor— "But your eyes will be ruined if you don't take my advice." "Bosh." (Desperately) —''Freckles are to be the fashion next summer, I understand." Fair Patient (ex citedly]—"I'll stop wearing the veil right away, doctor." Ou several occasions Jennie had watched her mother as she lengthened her dress by letting out the tucks. One morning she' came into the house with a caterpillar rolled up into a ball. "Oh, put down that ugly worm:" cried her mother in disgust. Jennie dropped the caterpillar, whereupon it elongated and began to crawl away. "Oh, mamma 1" exclaimed Jennie in child ish surprise; "look at it letting out its tucks:" A party of countrymen were in towu enjoying the sights. At last they came by one of the theaters on Broadway. "Sup pose we take it in," said one. "Better see how much it is first," said another. After inquiring the price of admission, they de cided to pool their issues and send one of the party inside to see whether it was good for anything or not. After remaining fur some time the delegate returned. "How is it?" asked one. "No good. A lot of feller- fiddlin' in front of a big pictur'. Come on." For the Schsa. Union. | SAN CARLOS. (The old Carmel Mission at Monterey.) Between four silent walls whose gloomy bight A silent witness bears to days long passed, I stood, and swift before my soul's keen sight Glided strange visions by long years amassed. Within tbe altar's sacred precinct stood An aged nries: with bowed and rev'rent head, And through the gloomy aisles, in gown and hood, Passed aged monks long numbered with the dead. Softly upon the listening ear arose Tbe chanted p-alm, toward the tiled roof. Tbe service slowly passed, butat its close The old priest from his people held aloof— And while tbeir footsteps slowly passed without Echoing softly tbrough the holy place. He knelt before the shrine and prayed that doubt And sin supplanted be, witb love and grace. Father Junipcra ! beloved of all, Who thy brave deeds in loviDgmem'ry name, Sleep thou thy quiet sleep benea'.s this wall— Wnile age on ages slowly rise and wane. Beneath the shadow of the chancel rail, rileep thou the sleep of just ones passed away: The work which thou beganH snail never fail, Until tbe coming of heaven's brighter day. San Carlos o'er thy sleep a holy -tuard Shsh ever keep till ages p»ss for aye, And thy pure life shall meet with Mc reward. Beyond the borders of tbe King's highway. The vision passed: and all its weight of years Settled once more o'er altar, cave and arch. The dim old church its silent aspect bears— As Time takes un his never-ending march. Monterev, Sept. 14,1850. A. G. G. Brief but Pointed. An English doctor did not waste many words with his patients, and positively hated folks who were in the habit of beat ing about the bush. His consultations were carried on in something of the fol lowing style: Enter lady patient holding up her finger. Doctor—Cut ? Lady—Bite. Doctor—Dog ? Lady—Parrot. Doctor—Potato poultice. Next day the lady returns with her finger in the air. Doctor—Better ? Lady—Worse. Doctor—Bread poultice. The day after, a third consultation. Doctor—Better? Lady—Well. Doctor—Good morning.— Lc Petit Fran cois Illustrc. A new mania for collecting has broken out. This time it is not snuff boxes or canes, but shaving mugs. What next ? MUSIC AND THE DRAMA. LAVISH EXPENDITTJBES IH TKE PRO DUCTION OF "THE SOUDAN." Success of Miss Gertrude Cariy Auld, a Sacramento Vocalist—General Stage Notes. ''The Soudan" was produced lately at the handsome E. stoo playhouse of 17 :?ene Tompkins. The promises made by Mr. Tompkins before the presentation were many and alluring. They have been more than fulfilled. The play was produced with B wealth of magnificent scenery and realistic effects that totally overshadowed anything ever previously attempted in the way of lavish spectacular display at the Boston theater daring the regime of either the elder or younger Tompkins, the reck lessness of both of whom iv expenditure on first productions in proverbial. "The Soudan" is a romantic play with a strong "heart" interest. It tells a love story which reveals its principals at one time in historical quarters in Loudon, again in Africa's great desert; .tv *h& peri id in the beat cf the Soudan campaigns and finally back to Trafalgar Square, London. Altogether there are eight scenes, (bar of win hare revolving effects. All are mar vels. Nothing so startlingly impressive as the last act has perhaps ever been staged iv this country, if, indeed, in the world. Long lines of mounted troops dash across the stage, while, in the rear of the -• ing cavalcade are military bands of every description, fife and drum crops, Scottish pipes, and in the wake of these regiments on regiments of soldiery, footsore and war stained, wounded soldiers and officers, Arabian prisoners, dragging heavy pieces of artillery, herds of camels, dromedaries, elephants, ostriches, etc., etc. This scene pictures the return of the British regi ments from their Soudau engagements. There were nearly fifteen hundred people on the stage in this scene. HEAVY EXPENSES. A singular fact in connection with cur rent theatricals in New York is that more than half of the attractions cf the various theaters are either in themselves purely vaudeville entertainments or partake largely of the nature of such exhibitions. Moreover, this character of performance is at present highly popular. Seeing the large audiences which nightly assemble in a theater with an offering of this charac ter, the conclusion would be immediate that the profit must be enormous. Not so. The expenses of staging a high class vaudeville exhibition are far greater than generally supposed. The weekly expenses of such an entertainment foot up a Digger sum than the cost of putting on a glitter ing spectacular extravaganza. Take, for instance, the Hanlon-Volter and Marti netti Pantomime and Novelty Company at the Academy. Leaving out the cost of bringing the entire organization of fifty people from Europe with their accessories, the weekly expenses for salaries alone would amount to $3,000 each week. This figure may sound like an exaggeration, but when it is known that the three Hanlons receive in the neighborhood of SoOO for their joint weekly services, the distribu tion of the balance among the remaining forty-seven members cf the organization leaves only an average of a trifle over $50 for each. Not by any means a. fancy sal ary as such things go. an author* success. Jerome K. Jerome, the author of "The Maister of Woodbarrow," in which young Sothern fairly parallels the success of his father in "David Garrick," is SO years old. His connection with the stage began when he was but IS, but after two years' experi ence of "roughing it" in the English provinces he came lo the conclusion that he had mistaken his vocation, and so fiung off the sock and buskin. The experience gained has been valuable to him, however, ami he afterward gave an account of it in his little book, "On the Stage and OM' Mr. Jerome then enlarged his insight into human nature for some few years in vari ous ways. He was by turns schoolmaster, penny-a-liner, reporter,.shorthand writer. and tinally settled down to journalism and literature. His next work was "Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow," and, soon after came his dramatic venture, a little one-act play entitled "Barbara,'- produced at the Globe Theater, London, June 19, ISSG, aud for which he received the unique compliment paid to the author of a one act piece of a "double call." "Barbara" was followed by another one-act play called "Sunset," produced at the Comedy Theater February 13, 1888, and this by "Fennel," presented _t the Novelty March olst of the same year. On June 18th fol lowing, his first three-act comedy, "Wood barrow Farm," renamed by manager Dan iel Frohman "The Maister of Woodbar row," was tried at a London matinee. It was not presented again after this trial performance until its production with Sothern at the Lyceum Theater here. Mr. Jerome last year published his "Stage land" and "Three Men in a Boat," both of which ran through many editions. All his books have been translated into sev eral Continental languages, aud have had the usual honor of being printed in America without his permission. Mr. Jerome's next serious effort in the dramatic line is to be a comedy drama for the stock empany of the Lyceum Theater. FRAU WOLTER. Rumors that Frau Wolter, the eminent tragic actress, will visit America on a pro fessional tour have been revived, but groundlessly. Frau Wolter (Countess Sul livan) has a charming summer home among the upper Austrian mountaias, where she has more than once had the Empress as a guest. One day the Em press went thither, attended only by one of her maids. After her caii of an hour or two she started to return home, when she discovered that she had not her purse with her, nor had the maid any money, not even enough to pafy the ferryman on the lake. Thereupon the Empress asked the actress to lend her a florin to enable her to get home. The next day the Emperor came up to Frau Wolter's villa, and gravely handed her a silver florin, saying; "A dutiful husband always pays his "wife's debts." The actress has had this coin set with diamonds, and wears it conspicuously as a brooch. CHARMING CLARA MORRIS. A recent writer in the Eastern press, in a long and exhaustive article on the American theater, awards the palm for emotional actresses unhesitatingly to Clara Morris. No woman of ancient or modern times, according to him, has ever succeeded in so thoroughly arousing her audiences. That peculiar gift of emotional acting is one rarely found, and it is no great wonder then that Miss Morris has attained the position she now occupies. Her tour the coming season will be one of the most im portant of her career, the entire west ern portion of it being under the im mediate direction of Manager Hayman. She will be supported by a magnificent company and will travel in her own pri vate car. A SACRAMEXTO SI>*GER. Miss Gertrude Carry Auld, well known in Sacramento as Miss Gertie Carly, sang before the Western Addition Literary and Social Club in San Francisco on the 18th inst.. and made a decided hit. Of her singing, the Call said: "Miss Gertrude Auld well vindicated her title of the 'Nightingale of the West.' A perfect storm of applause greeted her execution .of the 'Waltz BrUAiante,' which in her hands is a peculiar creation of her own. Her encores, 'Bird Song' and "Child hood's Memories,' were characteristic and introduced some marvelous vocal, that almost seemed vantriloqoiah effects. Per fect modulation is combined with intelli gent expression and atones for any lack of variation in the c'uaracierof Miss A-ld'l exquisite warbling." >TA.,_ SOTKS. Dorothy Dorr i- i:i Switzerland. Fred. Bryton'snew ilav is called "Jim." Sardou expects to visit this country in January. Litty Llnd has left the London Gaiety company. Frank Evans is to star ia "The Runa way Wife." Hoyt's newest play, ' V Texas Steer.'" is said to be his best. McKee Kankin's "Canuck" has proven a success on the road. Estelle Clayton has written a play called "The Runaway Match." "The English TB iving a splendid run at the Boston Museum. . ..'beard, Jr." has made another suc cess at the Chicago Opera House. ••('. S. Mail" is cm ita way to the Pacitic coast, making money wherever it is se*n. Frank Lander has been engaged by J. M. Hill for a juvenile role in "Reckless Temple." The McVicker Theater in Chicago will uilt and not turned into stores as re ported. Byrne and Kerker's "Castles in the Air" has made a tremendous hit at the Boston I rlobe Theater. (harks Hoyt says that "A Trip to Chinatown" is the best farce-comedy he has ever written. "Faust up to Date," the American ver sion of which was made by Richard Ne ville, has made a hit on the road. Harry Brown and his wire (Lillie West) are in great distress over the loss of their little son—the apple of their eye*. Next season Mi-s Ada Leaves—by long odds the funniest comedienne on the >-y —will star in a play now being written for her. Lew Rosen, author of "The Hustler," has returned to New York. Flora Moore has retired from the company, and Mollie Thompson has taken her place. Mi-s Ada Deaves has made a tremen dous hit in "Two Old Cronies." Her song, "I am a Chestnut," and a very clever skit dance, has made her immensely popular. "Mme. Angot" is in its second month at the New York Casino, and Rudolph Aron son is more convinced than ever of the wisdom of reviving the old French operas, for they contain much that is good. Mr. and Mrs. Kendal are now playing "The Squire" in the English provinces. The scenery for the production in America is now in preparation by Mr. Miner's arti-t at the Filth Avenue Theater, New York. Nat. tioodwin is in New York, looking the picture of health. He begins his sea son in the Northwest October Oth, and will produce Leander Richardson's play, "The Nominee," at Hoolev's Theater, October 20th. E. G. Gilrnore and Eugene Tompkins control and own the most valuable theatri cal properties in America. They are joint owners of the big Academy in New _ork; Mr. Tompkins is the owner of the Boston Theater in Boston, and Mr. Gilrnore owns and controls Niblo's Garden, New York. The season of the Howard Athemeum Star Specialty Company of Messrs. Rich and Harris has just been inaugurated. The company is rich in taking specialties brought from the other side. Among flic mirth producers of the organization, how ever, our own whimsically humorous Bob Slavin is easily the central figure. "A High Roller" is the fetching title of the spectaculf r farce comedy which Clay M. Green is now constructing for Barney Fagan and Bob flavin, who are to discard minstrelsy next season and enter the legitimate field of amusement under the guidance of Managers E. G. Gilrnore and Alex. Comstock of the Academy of Music, New York. Adelaide Moore begins her tour October 26th in New England. Her repertory will include 'Romeo and Juliet" and one or two other plays. She is also negotiat ing lor the American rights to a comedy now making a successful run in London. Moore will have the support of an excel lent company, and all the plays in her re pertory wiil lie handsomely staged. Of R. E. Graham's performance of Bam boula, in "The Sea King," the Cincinnati Commercial Gasdte-says: " * * * but Mr. Graham, as Bamboula had the book all to himself, and a better-amused audi ence never sat in a theater. In 'make-up.' voice and action he was excellent, and never before were we so moved to laugh ter by his humor, and never again will the remembrance of his Bamboula fade from our minds." Mr. Graham has made a big hit in the part. Mi-s Lulu Klein, who takes the part of Alberta Packer, in "One Error" at the Fifth-avenue Theater, New York, studied for the stage in Berlin, and was for a sea son one of the prominent members of a German stock company in San Francisco, She was the original Ilertha in the Ger man version of "A Drop of Poison," and played the part of the actress in "Em Toller Einfall" (All the Comforts of Home) with Frederi h Mitterwurzer, the well known German actor. The Hanlon Brothers will produce their scenic and dramatic spectacle pan tomime entitled "Superba," on September 29th, in .New York. It is the result of two years' labor, and the mechanical effects, countless and original stage tricks are likely to prove a revelation to the theater-gosr. One hundred people will be employed in this production, which will include pantomimists, acrobats and grotesque dancers. The scenery will prove a delightful surprise and the whole production promises to surpass all the Hanlon former ventures. Since its first presentation, the "Old Homestead," which returns to the Acad emy, Xew York, October 6th, for another year, has been produced over 1,000 times; the books show a total attendance during that period of over two million souls, an average of 2,700 persons daily. The total receipts to date amount to consid erably over a million dollars. Divide the net receipts of the play to date among the few persons interested and each has a fortune. It surpasses the record of any play that has ever been presented, not only in this country, but the whole world. The importance of the drama in the daily existence of New Yorkers is well illustrated in the number of columns de voted to things theatrical by all of the metropolitan dailies. Each paper makes a special feature of theatrical gossip and the sayings and doings in and about the are eagerly sought for and printed and as eagerly read. Inasmuch as the average New Yorker finds tlie most of his recreation within the walis of the theater the prominence given theatrical items by the press of the great city is not at all surprising. An idea of the magnitude of the pro duction which Messrs. Locke & Davis are to give their spectacular drama, "Claudius Nero," at Niblo's, in October, may be gleaned from the fact that the stages of three city theaters are now being used in preparing for the presentation.; one for re hearsing the 400 auxiliaries, another for the rehearsal of the cast proper, and a third for the use of carpenters, scene painters and property men. In addition to this the projectors of "Neto" have se cured a building to be given over to the manufacture of costumes and other inci dental accessories to the elaborate pro duction. IN RELIGION'S REALM. MATTES 3OF ISTESEST TO MIHIS- TES3 AND LAY-TEN. Expressions of Opinion by Newspapers Kepre«entiu*r tlie Various Denom inations, en Many Subjt'tts. Tbe W< Bapl says: "There are a •• more than h'.'.'W p.-.-torless Bap tist chorchee in these I'nited States alone, representing not far from one-third in all of our more than 30,000 Baptist churches." The v y■-: "It re a certain amount of virtue to make one capable of a certain kind of vi-c. Iv other an rds, i man's faults may be a true in dication of the nature <-f his attainments. But the higher one eels in the standard of his attainments the less excuaabk are th» faults and failing!) which pre-su; those its." The New York '■ Bays* "i>; the priests of the Catholic Church in this country, numberingm all 8,332, only i! 217, or about one-fourth, according to a t report, are members of religious orders. Of this number ''.';7 are Joint.--. 7,7> Bene dictines, 231 Francis ins, I '■'> Redei li iminicans, B2 Capuchins, tbe re mainder being divided among nineteen oilier religious i rders." ,\ conference is to be held in Wji i Manitoba, shortly, to consider the <|nes tion of form i ::.: .1 union of the Anj '■: in British North America. At ; r. Bent the church is divided into two ecclesiastical province-, that of Canada and that of Rupert'; Land. There are, besides, four independent dioo the jurisdiction of the Archbishop 11 terbury. There arc. in all, nineteen . s north of ttie Unit - - < >i■: of I I if nearly ". are said to be members of the Church of id, which has twenty bishops and 1,200 clergy. The J : "A severe and humiliating penalty 1; en im -1 sed by their caste upon three young Hindoos for the otiense of having polluted themselves by dining with Christian.-. It haa been resolved that they must change their sacred thread, go throngh v purgations, bathe in a sacred tank or river, and perform other ceremonies be fore they can be restored to their former standing. What makes the punishment the more noteworthy is the fact that the English and vernacular papers had re ferred to this very dinner as an mdi that the~ unreasonable class-restrictions were gradually dying out." The Hanford Religious Herald says: "The Reformed Episcopal Church is com posed chielly of what was formerly known as the 'low-church' element of the Protest ant Episcopal Church. It uses the same book of common prayer, but purged of its priestly and sacramentil teachings. It lias the same historic succession in its ministry, but acknowledges the validity of other churches than the Episcopal, proving its sincerity by a free exchange of pulpits, and by the reception of their members and ministers by letter, without either con firmation in the one case or reordination in the other." The Interior (Pres.) says; "A contem porary suggests that, when prayer-meet ings an hour long cannot be sustained, a half-hour meeting might succeed. The idea at the bottom of this appears to be that the season of silence in a prayer meeting is so much time wasted or lost. It is not necessarily so. A few minutes might be spent profitably in meditation by a company of people as well as by one person alone. Then let the time be filled with singing. We would all be happier and heartier Christians, if we exercised our lungs and voices oftener in sacred song. The women are in the majority in most prayer-meetings, and sinning is their wav of worship in public. Oive them a larger opportunity. If the prayer-meeting is also a praise-nieelins it will be doubly interest ing, and there will be little time that any one will dare call 'wasted.' It will drive out the spirit of indifference, and that is what spoils the meeting, be it an hour or only half that time in session." A correspondent of the Living Church (P. E.) says: "The Kensington Churchman is responsible for the following: 'A case of extraordinary ignorance of the church's ordinances came uuder our notice in Nott inghill this week. A woman on being asked if she would like to be a candidate for confirmation, answered : "Yes, I should like to be confirmed again ; I have only been confirmed once, and that was before my marriage." ' The foregoing I find in an English church paper, and reminds me of several others somewhat similar. I once saw a church official amazed to find out that the Sundays were not included in the forty days of Lent. I was once asked by the wife of a Judge how we knew that the Savior was born on Easter. I once heard a church communicant remark of a Congregational minister that, as the min ister 'was an Englishman,' lie 'would not have to be reordained' if he should 'come into our church.' This communicant evi dently confounded English soil with Eng lish orders.' A normal-school teacher once said to me of a cleric who, in her opinion, read very badly, that she supposed that was 'the way he took to keep people from understanding the Bible,' as she 'had al ways heard that the Episcopal Church did not believe in giving the scriptures to the people.' A lady once remarked that it was no wonder that our clergy wrote such good sermons, since they had so many bishops to help them. Another once said in my presence that she understood that our rectors ail 'had to send their sermons once a year to the bishop;' she evidently had heard of the annual report, but clearly did not know the items expected to be con tained iv it." The New Bedford Mercurti says: "A minister from his study in the church in quires 'how far a minister ought to go in advertising himself.' What! do clergy men condescend to advertise themselves otherwise than by the faithiul discharge of their pulpit and pastorial duties ? Indeed they do, and often to the detriment of their reputation as gentlemen. Some of them are guilty of as much clap-trap as a show man in puffing his exhibitions, and with out the grace to pay the newspaper man, as the showman doe 3. The voice from his study says: 'A minister resigns his charge in Nebraska to accept a call to Ohio. The papers in his part of Nebraska print part of his valedictory sermon and also para graphs as to the excellence of his work. These papers he forwards to a friend in the Ohio church of which he is to become pas tor; this friend requests the insertion of all items in regard to the new pastor in the papers of the city to which he is to come. Hardly a day passes in the week previous to his advent but there is a reference made to the Rev. Dr. Blank, who is about to be come pastor of the church.' Yes, our read ers know how true that is; and how, too, after the Rev. Dr. Blank comei to his new parish, he keeps himself before the public by weekly (and weakly) communications in the newspapers, under his own name, in which he parades as humorist, story-teller, moralist and hero. Such advertising par sons manage to get a parish, but they never keep it more than a year or two." They run out or run "emptyins." The answer to the question from the study in the church is: 'Not an inch. No clergy man who has the instincts of a gentleman will ever advertise himself or allow a friend to do it for him.' His path to usefulness and distinction in his profession is through his thoughtful, earnest and practical ser mons, and his daily walk and conversa tion." The Rev. Walter Elliott of the Paulist Fathers, writing on "The Church and XTJMBER 23. Temperance in the R Id for September, soar -!y .-, with Arc-p bta_op . ay to the duty of the clergy ooncernins reform movements agaiaat "sal o i iitii Father I says; "N an end as lhat of a body of Chi tried, found wanting and rejected by the ation of i:> rounder's own t -;. 'By their firuitsye shall -now them." if the drunken neighborhood i- the Catholic I if the drunkard the police reports are no 1. Catholics; if •- __d the saloonists are ' dlenr 1 who thrive by saloon pohl le paupers and tran - i- a v. ra fi. bm n i a is done nmnity; whatever individual got : it may do to it< y morality ia nil iog, I I Bos .llll Patrick, convert men to web :i Catb can twenty onivi rsi( l t; at or a fain i me than tl shall be known by its fruit-. \ were | revalent in a b pariah, 'Like - man,' ■•< sny. Bat the poison of the .-; the evils we have be n coosideri often enough found in the parish) - of our !ged y the i ndarda of education and piety; and i the midst . it all I i olic. are : of drunkenness publicly. It i that most of the people are dm a mini port the saloons in th • ! the entiro i mity. Iti virtu - cull .- ihow an nat< ly to i oft< a exclnsi* appre i tt< I y by the faitl ■ fraternities rhej •■most excellent for us :he supernatural standard to . they arc nothing, • world. The je is totally different where the priest pi penly against saloons ar.d against convivial drinking, and gets his sermons into the daily press; wh joins reform movements, lends i i- name and influence to public efforts for tl n of drunkenness and its '■• i:.- with ill and any citizens, Proti .lev.-ami Gentiles, in every lawful for the relief of human misery and the elevation of men. In the parishes of such priests Catholic laymen take heart, soon become conspicuous for their political virtue and -;>iri'. If drunken Catholics ar to them, they . swer by pointing to flourishing Catholic totalabstineo aeties; the. the Catholic boodler with the Catholic re former, am! the Catholic taloon-l with ti iperance-hall." WITH A MORAL. The Old Story <>r Mike's Sign, Which Pleased Nobody. [From tbe Sew Haven Register 1 Everybody has heard the story of M ike's sign. Mike had an elegant sign painted and hung out iv front of his establishment, and as he was Standing in rapt admiration of its beauties he was approached by an ac quaintance, wheu the following conversa tion occurred : " Hello, Moike !" - Hello r '".ot anew sign?" " Oi have." "Put what do yon mean by laying 'fresh fish sold here?' Sure, everybody knows your store is here and not in Ho boken." " Faith, an' you're right," and he rubbed out the word "here." Then along came another friend. " Mornin', Mike." 0 How are yez ?" " Xew sign '.'" " Oi have." " But it isn't right." " What's wrong wid it f "Rub out the word 'fresh;' everybody knows your fish are not stale." •• I t's a large head yez have on. Oi'll do it," and a daub of the brush eliminated the word. While he stood gazing at his own handiwork another friend came along. "Sure, your painting is all wromr, Mike !" . " Arrah, go long wid yez. What is wrong ?'' " Your siszn reads 'fish sold.' Every body knows you fish, Nobody expects you to give 'em away. Rub out the word 'sold.'"" "Sure, an' you're right, too," and out went the word. This was no sooner said than along came auother man. "That's this Oi see? Fish? Whoy, Mike, phat the divil have yez that word there fur? Sure, everybody knows yez sell fish, and not cigars or boots and shoes. Rub it out. It's oseleeBl" "Faith. <>i will," said Mike, and the last remaining word on the sign disap peared. The veracious historian who records this time-honored story abruptly stops right here; but we have private advices from the Sheriff who soon came into possession of the vacillating Mike's business that after the fish merchant's failure he only paid two cents en the dollar to his cred itors. The story of Mike and his sign conveys a warning; to men who do not advertise. Men must persistently inform the public that they have " carriages for sale here.' or the public will persistently ignore them. It is fatal policy to lie back in the com placent assurance that every one knows we sell carriages, and what is the use of ad vertising. Other things being equal, the the man who advertises most does the largest business. CROSS BREEDING SUCCESSFUL. Dogs as Well as Horses May Be Improved By Different Species. Breeders of dogs as well as horses have their differences of opinion as to the sue; cess of in breeding as asainst cross and out breeding. The following views on the subject by a correspondent of the New York Sporting World should prove of value : " Cross breeding has been my specialty and has a strange fascination for me, and I have consequently gone deeply into it. The grayhound-foxbound was one of my first ideas in the doggy line, but for catch ing foxes I have left that for another plan, which I consider far better, and think if my advice is followed runs will be short, quick and pleasant. *'My plan is to have good, speedy hounds for finding. A dog of my own breeding will run old Reynard down when sighted. For speed, endurance and hard, rough work he cannot be beaten ; and when a dog like this one'is well trained on foxes from a puppy, he will give any fo^ under the sun a hustling time to get away. The dog is simply a cross between greyhound dog and a deerhound bitch. The grey hound should be a heavy, bony dog, and the deerhound a medium-sized one. Some of these dogs are wonderful jumpers, and have great strength of jaw, also plenty of pluck. " People need not be afraid of their not tackling a f<x; they will just pitch him sky high. Cunning old reds that people boast cannot be caught have had to suc cumb to them; their pace and agility knock them out. The modus operandi is not to have them in slips like greyhounds, but to just let them loose among the pack; they will very soon learn to dash to the first hound giving tongue, and then run ahead where they soon sight him. Then it is helier skelter which will toss him first." , Artesian wells have developed such an abundant supply of water in the Desert of Sahara that French engineers are confi dent of being able to extend their railroad to a distance of a week's journey from Al geria right through the desert.