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Vdt.UME V? NlJMHER
HONOLULU, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, SEPTEMBER 7 1884.
Whole Number 210
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AMre.t nf the Ittttrtnt I'retldenl,
Dr. .V. B. Kmer,on.
The choice of i subject on which to
" address you this" evening is the more
, embarrassing from the1' richness, of the
field that offers itself for selection. My
purpose has been from among the
many problems that thrust thcmselrc
upon us, impatient for an answer, to
take that one which stands in the fore
most tfnk ot importance. Vc cannot!
shut our eyes to the ital imiwrtarrcetm
us in Hawaii nci of all that pertains to
education.
When the first missionaries landed
on these islands they found awaiting
them a race on whom the unclean hafid
of commerce,- extended by an eager
and aggressive civilization, had already
been laid with no light touch, Disease
had been sown broadcast and was be
ginning to ripen its harvest of death.
The people had the passions and vices
of full grown men, yet, like untaught
children, they were weak and vuh.erj
aoie, necuing ueicnsc at every, poini.
The partial solution of the problem
of how to furnish the needed defense
was all that could be reasonably ex
pected of this or any band of men and
women, even had thev been furnished
with every appliance and with unlinv
ited resources. That with the means
they had at command they managed to
accomplish what they did in fortifying
this race by a broad and Christian edu
cation against the mighty influences
that were in operation for their physi
cal and moral destruction, must ever
cause grateful wonder in. the minds of
reasonable beings.
The terms of the problem presented
for our solution arc not the same as
those that obtained sixty years ago, in
the days of Uingham, Whitney, and
Thurston. The great movements of
population, which have followed the
discovery of the precious metals in
California and Australia, have pro
foundedly affected the course of events
in these islands. It yet remains to be
cen whether this will prove to be the
making, or the unmaking of this peo
ple, asa nation,and of thiscountry, as the
home for a civilized and enligtcued race.
This new order of things has been the
means of fostering enterprise and the
commercial spirit, thus stimulating the
production of wealth, and bringing in
to our midst a large and heterogeneous
alien population. The Portuguese have
come by the thousand, the Chinese by
the ten thousand. With this invasion
has been thrust upon us the necessity of a
new study of the field and a redistribu
tion of the forces in all lines of Christ
ian and philantropic effort to meet the
exigencies of the case. Some steps in
deed have been taken towards this
needed rearrangements of forccs,but tard
ily and ina degree not commensurafewith
the rising tide of resistance, and thus
the danger threatens that the forces
fighting on the side of the right shall
- - be out-nirtnbcrcd and the ground be
occupied in advance by the enemy. It
is of the highest importance not only
to the cause of Christianity and mor
als, but also to that of good order and
common decency that the offensive
and defensive operations now in mo
tion should enter upon new ground,
and that as soon as possible.
Among the questions brought into
prominence by this state of affairs, none
in my opinion, outranks that of the ed-
ucation of the females of the Hawaiian
and the imported, or mixed races that
form the underlying strata of our popu
lation. It is one of the Curitans1 chief claims
to grateful remembrance that they took
measures very soon after their arrival
in New England, that, as their old law
frankly expressed it "learning might not
be buried in the graves of their fathers."
In like manner the early American Mis
sionaries to Hawaii nei showed their
(rood sense and grasp of the situation.
by devoting not a small part of their
earnest efforts to sowing, broadcast the
seeds of what must be considered un
der the- circumstances a liberal educa
tion.! It may be said theirs was an attempt,
in imitation of the pilgrim fathers, to rear
a .social fabric with its corner-stone
resting on a book.
Whatever praise is due to the present
system of schools, as well as what ever
there is that may deserve the name of
higher education in this country, rest
on fourxLtions laid by the foresight of
the early missionary fathers, as a result
of which we to-day may point to a peo
ple among whom the knowledge of let
ters is so general as to make illiteracy
the rare exception.
The missionaries deser e the credit not
only of having lifted the race monegene
ration from a condition of savage illiter
acy to be a people of eager iJbok read
ers.but also that of having imparted to
the people many of those useful house
hold arts, without a knowledge of
which any eople is heavily handicap
ped in this nineteenth-century race for
civilization. When the missionary
landed on these shores he did not leave
behind him all the arts and appliances
of civilucd, domestic life. He brought
with him not only that great engine
of education, the printing press, with
its fellows, the Hibleand thebpellingbook
but also imoduccd at the same time
those other great civiliiers, the spade
and the plough, the saw, the plane
and the needle, and was the first to in
struct the Hawaiian in their use. Super
ior to all these was the influence of the
Christian family which he set up in
their midst ai an object lesson for
their instruction in household art and
all the Christian wrtues. The educa
tion given to the" Hawaiian may then
be classed a of three kinds ; first
religious and moral, second that of
the sort taught in the schools, book
education ; and third that of the
practical sort which concerns the arts
of the householduid domestic life.
If now, one mt asked to designate
the weak point in the Hawaiian ed
ucational system he might unhesitingly
declare that it consisted in its failure
to wield such an influence over the wo
men of this country as shall lead to
that happy blending of the moral
force with bouathold thrift and skill
y Fkh ictuks ia the home. It seems
m utttfisf tfi a4 common pkee
phrases to rail to mind that the best
wisdom of statesmen and philosophers
the world over save" perhaps in Tur
key and China has declared its opin
ion that in the virtue and .character of
its wives. and mothers lies a oouutry's
greatest security. For these make
the home, and the. home is the fount-.
am whence stream forth all eood in
fluences into the state. The integrity,
virtue and common honesty displayed
by a people in the marts of trade, in
the halls of legislation and in all the
public walks nf life can tise no higher
than this, their fountain head,
Measuring the moral influence of the
average Hawaiian home Jjy this stand
ard, we shall be forced to declare it
sadly deficient Applying this prin
ciplc of reasoning to explain this lam
en table deficiency, wc are forced to
the conclusion that the root .of the
trouble lies in the feeble grip the great
principles of morals and of industry
have on the females of the race. Thus
it has happened that through the
cjiararter of its women this nation has
received it most nrcvioiK wounds.
Now a chain is rfb stronger than its
weakest link, and the morals and chara
cter of a nation arc no better than
those of its women. Not but there
exists among the Hawaiians many
noble instances of womanly virtue. Wc
all know too the admirable skill which
the women of this race attain in the
use of the needle, their old time in
genuity in the manufacture of useful
and ornamental articles. Hut the pos
session and exercise of all these arts
do not relieve a people from the
charge of savagery, and do not of them
selves lift the home into the plane of
purity and enlightenment,
What is the remedy for this state of
affairs? What is the lever that will
avail to lift the tone of the home life
of this people, to make the word home,
one of sweet and pleasant association,
and the place itself a sacred retreat,
fenced about from all impurity and the
invasion of intruding vice, the nur
sery of industry and orderly habits ?
It was formerly the custom for the
prudent housekeeper each week to set
aside a small portion of the dough she
was making up into bread, to 'be kept
as yeast, with which to leaven and raise
the next batch of flour she mixed for
bread-making. By this intcrestsng ex
piritnent in germ culture, the leaven
ing process, once established, was con
tinued indefinitely. The loaf of one
week gained its sweetness and lightness
from that of the week before and trans
mitted it to the next in an unbroken
series. Applying this homly figure to
the cast in hand, I would argue that
the influence of the home was the best
leaven to mix with the character of a
girl that her whole nature micrht be
leavened with domesticity.
Looking back to the early , days
of the mission, wc find that nearly
ever)' missionary family and many
Othcrfaitulies, of white peopje in this
countty "were practically schools in
vvhich Hawaiian women were trained
by the leavening influence of example
in the arts of the household. The
success of the method proved its sound
ness and commends it to us as the
one to be employed.
I We find that the Hawaiian women
Who went through this sort of training,
though possessed of a modicum of
book-education, were vastly more
skilled and'proficient as housekeepers,
and were, as a rule, better wives and
mothers than their daughters and
grand-daughters of the present day, who
have received many times their amount
of school education but have not re
ceived their domestic training.
There exists a feeling, which in some
minds amounts to a conviction, that
the education given to the Hawaiian
girls in their special schools is not
proving a full success, and is not
graduating Irom the schools young
women fitted in mind and body to
take the places now too often vacant
as wives and mothers in the homes of
the land.
1 nerc is, 1 lear, too mucn truth in
th. frequently repeated criticism that
the ornamental book education given
the young women, has too often inten
sified their natural antipathy to the
useful, handsoiling drudgery of the
household, in which they have not
bjen systematically trained ; that it has
bred in their minds a perilous ambi
tion vvhich disdains, with false pride,
the honest work of their parents in their
lowly homes ; that it allows them to
affect a distaste for the wholesome pot
and fish that constituted their staple
food when at home ; that it permits
them to develop such expensive tastes
in dress as the narrow incomes of their
homes or their own honest efforts can
not supply ; and that, as an outcome
of all their fine education, we uee them
too often scorn the idea of marriage
with the educated young men of their
qwn race, graduates of 1-ahainaluna
or Hilo, and as a result they drift
away and go to ruin. Happily this is
not true ot all or of the majority of the
graduates, and the observant traveller
will find scattered from Hawaii to Nii
liau a goodly number of Christian
hornet, the presiding geniuses of which
are graduates from the schools from
Kawaiahao, Makawao and elsewhere.
The practical test of the value of
female education in Hawaii net, as well
as any where else, is that it shall fit the
girls to be wives and mother!
Failure to accomplish this means
complete failure.
The fault of our Hawaiian female
educational method, as it seems to me,
is that it relies to much on mere lxxk
education. Books can supply the
knowledge needed to lit youths for
Harvard or Williams or Yale or Vassar,
but the book is not et made that can
teach the art of housekeeping.
I know and appreciate the value of
good books to one who has any
drudgery to perform as well as to
others ; how they cheer the heart in
me MJiiiuucs 01 uic ; now nicy iceu
the imagination with wholesome food ;
how they bring the ideal into life in
spite of sorrow ; how they help one to
raalue the words of the poet :
"A Kjvml with Ibis cUuic
Mike 4nKty divine i
Wka iwfp room a foi thy lwi,
MsIms thw, lW Mtian, Am."
Hut it is necessary to have the action
come first.
Year by year the deficiency of the
Hawaiians in home training becomes
more and more patent and exhibits it
self as an apparent arrest of deMilop
ment in the practical education of the
women in the arts of domestic life,
while book knowledge has Jhriven
apace, domesticity remains dwarfed.
Housekeeping is an art, and as such
can be imparted only by example, can
be acquired only by practice. In order
to train up the irecnt generation of
Hawaiian gin") iu oe goou iiuum:im:;ii-
era as well as honest wives and mothers,
we must rcvett to the principles and
methods of education employed by our
fathers and mothers, and again bring
into play that university of domestic
art and accomplishment, the home , or.
if this plan cannot be followed literally,
some substitute should be found that
will embody its spirit. The old plan of
instructional! the family t no longer
available It was capable of but a
limited application at the be3tjmd its
benefits' could directly reach bill (ffewr
Thc time has now come, it seems to
me, when the plan of giving instruc
tion in the arts of housekeeping
should be introduced into our girls'
schools and should constitute the main
feature of their education. In this
way can the benefits of domestic train
ing Ix made general. Happily there is
nothing new or original in the idea of
introducing into the schools for girls a
certain amount of training in the arts
of housekeeping. Hut there is great
need that the application of the princi
ple should be emphasized and extended.
It is not enough that the girl should be
taught to sweep and wash, to make a
bed, to mend and sew, to cook an appe
tizing meal and serve at the table,
merely as a part of the domestic
economy of the household. That is
very well as far as it goes, but to insure
success the idea must be carried fur
ther and made to demand the erfor
mance of these works and others.
under the direction of special, skilled
instructors, as an Kitegral part of the
gitl's educational curriculum. . In ac
cordance with this plan, the ability to
cut and fit a garment would rank as"'an
accomplishment of greater merit than
proficiency in mathematics; topioperly
broil a steak or cook a meal of food
woutd gain as high a credit mark as
excellence in geography ; while cleanli
ness, tidiness and approved good taste
in dress, would gain for the scholar a
higher standing in the class than the
hitherto overprized ability to play the
piano, or to recite in public on the
stage.
There is such a thing as over-education,
or more properly, mis-education,
in vvhich certain faculties, or parts of
the nature, are disproportionately exer
cised, while others are left untrained.
A mere book education, even though it
includes the precepts of morals and the
jtheorics and doctrines of religion, is of
necessity a one sided and imperfect
education. Education should be ad
apted to the special needs of the individ
ual, supplementing weak points, so
planned as to fit the person for his or
her future career in life ; and no educa
tion can be called complete vvhich
does not train the hands to some useful,
skilled work. With many persons, ave,
with most persons, the training of the
hands, which is the training of the
brain and moral nature as well, is the
most important part of all education,
and without tin's the otlver will make a
sorry failure. I do notifbrget that the
princesses of intellectual and cultiva
ted Cermany are carefully trained in the
arts of the household. In all modesty-
1 would ask it these principles have not
been too much neglected in the educa
tion of Hawaiian girls Without in
the least disparaging the noble work
that has been done, it is my conviction
that the educational work of the future
in this country lies along the lines I
have indicated.
As an admirable illustration of what
good results may be accomplished by
tne application ot this method of cdu
cation, I take pleasure in instancing
the gins school in Kona, Hawaii, un
der the care of Rev. and Mrs. Davis,
of the English Church, a school of
which, I regret to say, I have heard
only by report.
The educational needs of the' Ha
waiian girl are greater than those of
the girl born of enlightened white par
ents. In the case of the Hawaiian
girl there is an almost total lack of
home education to begin with. Morals
and manners, habits of industry, thrift
and economy plants of slow growth
together with the necessary book-knowledge,
which I am far from despising,
have to be imparted to her all at once.
it-she be ot ordinary quickness, it is
comparatively easy to give the book-
knowledge, but when it comes to the
more important items in the above
category, it is a heavy lift, and too
often it seems as if the very idea of
these things had to be constructed dt
ntnv in her mind, n work which has
been imperceptibly accomplished for
her more lortunate sister by the subtle.
moulding influence of generations of
home culture. Again, the warm, ease-
loving, sensuous nature of the Ha
waiian, which finds its ready expression
in mirth and song and gossip, and de
lights in babbling the vapid and mean
ingless verses which may be described
as belonging to the banana-and-sugar-cane
order of poetry, is not the nature
that most rc.-dily lends itself to the
economies and drudging virtues of the
household. Cut it need not be thought
necessary to attack directly and with rude
hand the harmless, gleeful levities or in
nocent follies which the Hawaiian girl
finds it in her nature to love by virtue of
her tropic blood. These effervescences
may well be left to exhale themselves if
proper training ana development be gi
ven to the nobler faculties of her na
ture. Mjr proposition, then, is that the
great educational demand of theday, as
regards the Hawaiian girl, will be met
by making the basis of her education
consist of a thorough and kytternatic
training in all the essential or closely
allied branchei of hntnilrMMiino On
this, as a substantia! basis, may be te
curely laid as much intellectual andar
listic accomplishment as is thought ne-
fate.-., rt.- lOMflll
i-taani I vi uikiuii - 1
If tins is the solution ot the prouiem
of education for the Hawaiian - girl, it
will applv also in the case of the rortu
guese girls that arc .nocking to our
. -..
shores, and to those ot the unincsc
race, and to all of the mixed races that
.iri ur( In mnllinlv in our mirkt.
Tt,i fiimlirMirm nf lliU ue?pm wiH lit!
first be expensive. It will need brains
as well as money. If in your opinion
it deserves our hearty supported us
further the cause by every means in our
power, and let us pray our legislature,
now in session, to devote to it such a
liberal grant of money as shall "assure
the cause full success.
T
JsorE-bince me above aiiure vtuuemer-i
ed, my attention h been especially called to,
good work that It being done in the line adro
in Tariout Institutions. At the Notili Pacific
Missionary Institute Mrs. C. M. llMe haruii.
dcr her training a class in cookery taken from
among the ie of the students of that instl
tlon. At the Makawao Femnle Seminary gco-,
eral attention is pant to housc-ulfcr) and do
mcstic training. At (lit Kawaiahao Female
Seminary Ihe faculty are fully impressed with
the value and necessity of this sort of educa
tional training and would be glad to give it
due importance if the means Merc provided
M'il r 7 II K It A Itl-r.lfi OVVOHK Itl.A I AT.
Appropos of Knickerbocker's budget
of Blaine chit-chat, the following
scoring of Harper's Weekly, from the
pen of Frank Pixlcy of the San Fran
cisco Argonaut, is by far the most tell
ing bit of counter criticism it has been
the writer's good fortune to notice :
"TAtDiirna of Ciiiitati'on" lor all the
years of its existence has thanked God dial it
was Iwttcr than the Sadduccs and sinners of,
the press. Its editorial high priest Ins stood
uith.luoad phylacteries, and made long pray
ers in the political synagogue thanking Ood
that he and his employers, the Harper
Brothers, were better and purer than other
men". Now they have been whipped oui of
the temple as unclean and dishonest money
changers. Their professions of supctior mo
tives, their hypocritical pretences of immacu
late and unselfish purity, have been exposed,
and it is now demonstrated that all their op
position to Mr. Blaine, all their indignation at
his lack of public integrity, results from a
business jealousy. Harper's Weekly owned
by Harper Brothers an J edited by George
William Curtis opposes the nominee of a
national convention in wliich its editor acted
as a delegate ; in aH of its deliberations lie
participated ; all of its acts he approved ;
and, with solemn voice and serious counten
ance, he declared it was an insult to question
the sincerity of his purpose to support the
nominees. And why do they oppose this
nominee ? For the sole and only reason that
the firm of Harper Brothers was liot chosen by
Mr. Blame to print his look. A private, per
sonal grudge, inspired alone, by mercenary
considerations, has prompted this business
Krai, the Harpers, to send their editor to
national convention to betray the Republican
party, to v iolite his word of f cisonal Ifoimr,
and to bolt his ticket. It has prompted these
proprietors of the "Journal of Civilization " to
turn loose its pensioned libelers, with pen
and pencil, in type and picture, to vilify "and
caricature the man concerning whom J. W.
Harper, Jr., (the head of the firm) wrote as
follows only sixteen months ago. The Harper
publishing house desired to secure the pub
lication of Mr. Blaine's history, " Twenty )cars
of Congress," and wrote to a personal friend
of his own and Mr. Blaine the following
lettrr
" With the instinct of a publisher accus
tomed to deal with the people rather than
with the privileged classes, I recognite the
fact that there is no man living more closely in
sympathy with the people than Mr. lilaine.
I keep a not untrained finger on the popular
fiulse, which in our American life is generally
lealthy, and I am sure that it beats strongly in
admiration and affection for the man who has
been absolutely fearless in his patriotism. Mr.
Weed's reminiscences will be interesting as ttie
record of an acute observer, but I am sure that
Mr. Blaine's narrative will hold the American
people, because it will be a human, real, llcsh-and-blood.rccord,
not of a Machiavellian ob
server, but of an active participator, brave
fighter, and gallant leader in the most critical
events of our nation's -fcUtory. So, when it
comes quite convenient to you, I wish that
you would give Mr. Blaine to understand that,
while the doors of Franklin Square always
stand wide open to ' them literary fellers,'
such a: scholars, and poets, and novelists, and
evangelists, and travelers, the proprietors gen
erally go down to the sidewalk to welcome a
historian of his own limes, and, with uncov
ered heads, reverently help him to unload the
manuscript from his trfumnhal car on the
Elevated Railway. Please intimite all this to
Mr. Blaine, and vnu know how to do it
gracefully and well."
This Mr. James W. Harper, with his " not
untrained finger on the popular pulse," only
tisteen months ago lxire testimony to the fact
that this American popular pulse is " generally
healthy," and that it was then beating in
"strong admiration and afftctim for the nan
who Kit ittn abtoluttly ftarltst tn kit patrio
tism AN ACTIVE PARTICIPATOR, IIR.VVE
HGllTER, ANII OAII.ANT I.K.VntR I.N THE
MOST CRITICAI EVENTS Of OUR NATION'S
HISTORV." This man at that lime this pro
prietor ot the "Journal of Civilization "
wouhl go down to ihe sidewalk with "rev
erent " mien and " uncovered head " to help
Mr, Blaine unload a manuscript into his pub
lishing mill, to help him dump his brains into
the Harper hopper, that should grind out
profit to his printing jr4ablithment. For
coin, for gain, for earning some paltry thou
sands to add to Mariillions, (lie represent!-
tivfrmiit ul America's most exalted
type of journalism would have eaten the dirt of
the pavement over which the brave fighter
and gallant leader miked. Because he did
not get the chancn of this business venture,
with a meanness that is contemptible, a cow.
ardice for which there Is no sufficient expres
sion of detestation. Mr. Harper turns his
types, his printing-presses, his personal influ
ence, his hired dude and Hessian, to personal
detraction and abuse of Mr, Blaine, He
charges this man who has been "absoluttlr
ftarliss in kit patriotism " wjth dishonesty
andwithhctra)alofa public Inst ; he holds
him up to ridicule in caricatures J ht lies about
him with a malicious and devilish pertinacity
that would be unworthy of a civilisation "
that uses the stileUo and the assassins' blade
in secret passages, that strikes tn the back
and in Ihe dark. If George William Curtis,
Thomas Nasi, and James W. Harper, Jr. are
the journalists of civilization, God have mercy
on such barbarians as edit the Argonaut
Kchli pUnlitlon finikhol up the )tn
crop Utt week, and Manager Cbapln It off
- fkr a visit to th mm. M
Igiucr, gots at tb umt'tiaw.
Lake, tn
ikofcGoiomtl QTnrbo.
CMITIt
& THURSTOM,
I W. 0. Smith,
1 1. A. THuisrot
AUmtyt nl tart
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ILLIAM O. SMITH ft Co.,
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ivv O.S.t cm. 1
ItorU nnif 11ml I'.tlntr limit,
No H Mrociissr-STRitr .IIovoli lis
BHaUMiI i' !?)
"Silfar Pta-ttatlon, Railroad, TfUp'ione nd ohr Cor
poration siocki, norms una simtur :.umte
HnujiT and oiu ox Commission
Money Loaned on Mock Seturilie
fio-tf
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B. DOLE,
Cmintrtor til !.ne titul .Votry f'ttbttc,
OFFICII,
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'ottir Kt Ann Mkrcimxt St nuts HotgiirLU
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W
R. CASTLE.
Attorney uf .nil- ilfnl yotnrn I'tiMtr,
iVo,
Attends all the Cutirrs oPiU Klnjrdoni. t
CDWARD PRESTON,
Attorney tnut Votn1or ttt t,tttr.
', rnuT Srnpn
.llnjulln
ALBERT C. SMITH,
Aienl tn take AeliHotrtetlvemeHti to
Instrument.
OrvKE Willi A. S I Ian ell. over the ILnlV
' 8i-ljr '
-RS. CUMMINCS & MARTIN
,1ttryeonM nnil Hamtritothlr ?A;frfin.
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pffite Hours Until g.
0ricit.riRNHK Fort and UtroirANiA Sts..
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VJiyntelan nntl Suryron.
Hootun
II I
Tmrmionr Number to
t)ince honri from 814 to io!4 a m.! t'6 to r!4 d
Office and Residence, No. a Knkui mreet, comer I'orr
Viteet.
SI
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M. WHITNEY, M. D.f D. D. S.
Ientat Ituotti on Vurt Xtreit, n
Ho SOL ft U ... . . .II. I.
Office in HrewcA Itlocl, corner Hole and Fort
Street, entrance on Hotel Street. 1
W
ILLIAM B.
McAllister.
tK.RMKsrSlt. LOCATED IN IIUSOULl'.
OTice. corner ol Fnrt am! Hotel ttrcet, oer irejlcuii'jt
a lore.
PariKular attention paid 10 restoration notcl Allinci.
Uelln2 on good work at re-onaMa diaries to gain
me commence 01 tne puDiic tj on
-EQ. L. BABCOCK,
(LATC- Or OAkLAMj)
Teacher vl the Phno.Frte, AdJrv, LYCAN ft CO.
Rhmdcxce No, to Ktnma strtet. ilyty
JHisincBs OTaric.
O M. CARTER,
Awn! to tnttt Acfinawtrdptnnnti to Con
tract to Lnbnr
Honolulu, Hawmiav Islands ij
R
W. LAINB
CommtsAtantr vf lenl$
For the Slate of California, for tiu Hawaiian Ilmls.
and Ocnerat Agent for the Pacific Mutual Life In
surance Company of California. 14 "
J
NO. A. HASSINGER,
Attent to ttOy.t Achnouteitutneiiti to Con
tract for Labor.
Wtkkiok Offick . ...Honolulu
JOHN H. PATY,
Aofir Public an ft Commtmtmn of Iteedn,
For the State of California and New' York. Office
at the I .j iik of IMiop & Co.
Hosoit'Lt', Qaiiu, H.I .t
P T. LENEHAN & Co.
Tut potter nntt ComtnlMxton Merchant
Nin.ANl STltBLT, HflNOH'IL.
PRANK GERTZ.
Hoot a tat Shoemaker
HojttanJ jShoet made lo Order,
No. 114 Fort T.nfinMrK Panthron .tahluk.
. -j
Uf ILLIAM TURNER,
t'ractiwt irrfri7i. ,
ii KlSiTKKttfiSP .. .4
HONOIfLU
ImjHjiter 01 American jewelry ot every iecrii
im, (formerly 01 "vm rrancitco, lAi.io.'nia.j 50
AL. SMITH,
ftnparter untl Itenlur In llfaaMirttrci,
MerUUn Sitrer-Ptntetl IV tire,
" Hruchet, l'of.
No.
44 Four SThirr Honolulu
Kind's ComUiutlon
SiKCtacte and Kv'Uie.
Liiitral Wire Ware. ruc ."xoiii. 1
'are, Fiic) Soapi, Picture Frame, Pii-
tola, WotcniioIm Pixkec Cutlery, Powder, Shot and
Amiiiutiitian.
Clark' Spool Cutton, Machine Od, all
kinds of Machine Needlct, '
lie. MDomtic Parxr rahiona.
bow aseni u! tne umverwauy acKnowi-ota uitiit.
Runnln Dtaneatlc Siu Marhtn-
M
AX BCKART
Hrt(cArMnJlitr Jewcttr, Kuyrmrer, ami
'litamoml Setter
No. in KoutSthiikt HOXOLLLU
Alt orders f.ithfutly executed. js
P"ll. OEDINO, t
KrnreMM and ItrnumaH
(rcfht, I'ockasei. and Dicsntf. delivered li .ml from
all iMrt. of jlonolulu .ltd vicinity. Cwful At-
tenlioit raid 10 inotinj? Kurnuure, with
WAGONS KXl'RCSSI.V .Oil THE PUKPOSK,
TepSoa. &&; UeftldtiK. .)) PatHlibowl .treel,
Oltice, 86 King Slreer
06 11
w
OHO LEONO ft CO.,
AffrntM for Jloanut Sugar, Valamu Hlet
Vlantntlan,
And Kalliu K!ce PUtituioii and Mill.
N'tlUANU ST.rKT. .CO.NK. MfclUNS
niiy
T AHUO.
llettfir In llru (loud; Itlee, Tta. Hllk and
iautu liotMi, itaiM, miii ami
,Ju'j, finiN, feed and flour,
Cluuro and Tobaera
Al propricttrf of Kic and butf.r Plantation at
Kaneoli., KooUu, Watpl7, Ka. anil Hetla. 4
Nvi'.nu a-ru CH.rtAiN Skt... KoMnrut-v
xv-iy
A W. RICHARDSON Co
iMi-O.Tfcfta auri DaatKat
Banle, Shoe,, t'urHltAinf (ld.. Hat;
Vi9, Trunk,, Vail,
Vftfumtry anJ Soap., WJlaaw Watc.,
tut j.wury, ere,
CtithKR Foar Aku MictcriAKT Staaura, IIonolulu
r?t C. ROWt,
ff4M N( 910U i'Ulhter,
I'arae HaNi.it, .it,
No, io Kins bTiaa.,
Ul im
..llnvuitiv
WHS. A. M. UKLLIS.
rwMU lire and Mtmk Mmhtr.
No. to. Fori Sraa.r .. ., ufcftrff wi Hon oici
lUtoincss (Jliubo.
It. WILLIAMS,
iMr-Oftri SND tlEALMI U
Furniture nf Krfrfi Urtrrlpllotu Ahn
Vphnhtrrer tfUd JmiiiViri'iiivr.
furniture Wareroomi No. loo Kort Stteel. VVoik
shop at old stand on Hotel Street Atl orders promptly
attended 10. I J
c
C. COLKMAN,
Wart, tm t(h
IIONOLUtl'
Mftchhittt, Cftrrhipe
ttnrJtt SfOfii
llcrA.
II I
rhniAiton Mhinr),nc.
next to Cattle h Cooke i
hop en Kln 5irrt
W OIRVIN,
C.'ntllttifeeffn Merchant und lleneiol lletttrr
In tliff Gnnite,
Wuiiki .Mai'I , It I
Grnuriet, Hardware, Stationery, Talent Medulne,
I'erfumery and Glauware ( l
f. nuRonss,
Carpenter anil Itulltler.
All tdndi of Jolddnj itromptlv attended to.
Telephone No. I fi, VV illKnium's KieOAiie.
Simr, No. la Kivn Srntr .. ..Ilonolitu
A.
SHEPARU,
IVateliinaher ami tleweler,
Wssteh repairing mail at Speciality.
All orders from Ihe otliet Klands promptly attended to.
No. 55, Horn. StRfrr,
.K.lNOIt-LI', II. I
169-tyr
npHOMAS LINDSAY,
tleweler ami Itiamomt Setter,
NnKi NtlUANU 5TFKET, HOKOtA't T, II I.
(Oppoiite Itollliter t Co ),.
FaniculAT attention paid to repairing.
iji-jr
H
OPP A CO.,
Kic SrNttti
VphotHtrrr; JrAperM niirt Jteatrrs t
klntta of Furniture
nil
Telephone No f 4 j
176
THR WESTERN AND HAWAIIAN IN
vestment Company (limited.)
Money loaned forlorn; or short period on appro ed
wcurit). Apnlyto W L, ORHKN,
Office Heater I Hock, tort St Mamctr
IQ-I)r
1UT THOMPSON,
Attorney ( J.nw antt Sottctturtn Chntmry,
Practice in the Count, and prepare Deed Willi,
Mortgages, t,evet, Contract, Agreement, etc., ,
ne20liateO.T.;ii7 .mms, etc.
Honoulc.............. ....H
Omen -Coiner Fott and Merchint Street,
joytf
md
T YONS
& LEVEY,
Aucttonecra nnt Cnmtntt(nu Jlrrrhntit,
UrvpK Hi cot. Quit eh Stupkt, Hosoiuiu.
Sale of Furniture. Stock;- Real Kstate and (Jen era,!
Merchindise promptly attended 10. Sole nyenta for
American and European merchandise. J I. I.vonk,
8-vr ( L. J. Lkvkv,
TfciT W. McCHESNEY & SON,
DEALLRb IN
T.eaU4rrf ttltlent Taltow a tut 1omntvtfm
Mereh'tttti t
Agents for the Kojal Soap Company.
No, 41 QfEKPi Strkkt , ..HoHoiuLtr
5 .
J
M. OAT, JR.', ft CO.
'Stationer and JVVtrj neater
Itctl Itubher Stamp Affcnc
GAXErnt Hi-ock .. .No. 25, Mkrciiani St it kit
'303 Honolulu, II. I.
O HALL & SON
. lUmitedJ
IMrORTKRS AKI IHEAt KR IK
Jtanttvare ami General MechamllMe,
Corikm or King ,no Fort Strppt, Hiinolulu
omcths:
Will urn W, Hall. . . .l'y&ident and Manager
L. C Able..,. ,, .Secretary and Treasurer
George E. lloe... Auditor
Director It. May.'K. O. White. 151
T YCAN & CO.,
Importer and Deafer (h atl Kind of
Munte Hood, Fancy Hood,
Japanese Uood
No-.. 103 ani 107 Fort Strkkt.. . . Hnsnttn,
Furniture, Chairs Sewing Machines, Mirror I and
Mirror 1'Utcs, Picture Frame and Cnmices made to
ortler. i,7f
C BREWER & COMPANY,
(Limittd.)
General Mercantile and Commlaalan Ayentt,
Qieew SritEtT, HiiNOLtLC.
Officer. P. C. Jonet,r., preMdeiil and manager;
lonepn u. carter, treaiurer ana Mcretary,
lloiu. Charlc. K. Iluhonand II. A, I' Cai
I i rector f
rter; Henry
May, audilor.
1)3
I" ILLIAM
McCANDLESS
Healer (h CAoi-r.r Ueef, Veal, Mutton, Kir.
No. 0 Qt a.N Stutr.T, Flju Maikkt.
r'aroily and Shipiinic order, carefully attended to.
Live &lcck furniahcil to VeMrl. at thort notice.
VeKelable. of all hinds tupplied lo order.
TKLKritoHK -No. an.
IU
M
S. GRINBAUM Lo.
Importer and rTholetalr Dealer tn Gen
eral Mrehandte,
MtKit'i Block
,,0UIIN SiailCT, HnNOLt'M'
M
S. GRINBAUM Co.
fatwardlno: and Vomnilloii Merchant,
114 Cam.oiihia St., San Fkanciko
Siccial fadlitiet for and particular attention paid lo
OM&irnmcnti of Uland ifouucc.
P HORN,
Pioneer Steam
Honolulu
Candy Manufactory and
hakcry.
... . . II. I
Practical Conftcliour, Paury Covk and llaVtr.
Number i Hotel .treel, Ivlween Fori aid Nuuanu
ktrcetw a
fT B. MclNTYRB & BROTHER, ,
Grocery and Feed Stare.
Cor. Kino ako Fot St. IIoholilu
XJOLLISTBR A" Co.,
Wholet.it and U.lall liruggltl and 'to
otirooMi.f..
No. ,0, Nuuaku Sri-aar,..., IIohohiv
1 W. HINGLBV tX CO.
Mamaetarer f llacanu Clyar.
lUrORTKM ANU liRALMf IN
Tobacco,
Ct,ueltes
ndSnwLera' .llirlei
Th. nvM cotnpttie atock tn lh kingdom.
King Hrcel, (near AlaVea) lloooli,Ut.
loo-ivr
r KWHRS ft COOKK.
(Siccutoaa to Law.at A Di:"0
Importer and Healer In l.um.tr and all
kind, of HuUdlng Material.
FoirlT ,. ..HuNotvLU
IOMN NOTT.
Flu, Vppr mud Mht Iron Wemr,
mnd Mange.
ot all klula, tUiaumt,' atock aaM MJs lM limit,.
,; iia fail., ckanJetterv, Luaf., c
MC t Kaaimi truir. .,.'.,. ..Hoaoivtc
3uoiuc6o Carbo.
J
M. OAT & Co.
SrtUitmKrr, Fttiffi of nit tttwtpHnu
tmittr tint! rtptilmt,
llrtsouLt It. t
1,0.1 In A I. i ;ol'4 new firf pronf MlJin. fool ot
Kuuanti Sirtcl. t
BMME1LUTII & Co.,
ifttnt(h ttutt Vtitmtrr or
hi
,Storrt itnnpn, fit.
So. 3 N't'tMHU Srmur , . . ltoouu
fTONOtULU IRON WOUKS Co.,
Stenm Kntftnmt tlnUtr, Suynr MIMm,
Coot rr , Irotip rrti,ml l,mt OtifftifM.
IIONOttlU It, I
Mac hi i irf' of ever)' dewifftion made to cnler.
pAMicular Attention p.(M to Ship IfUcksmitliing
Jtb otI e teciitcit on the ihumt notice to
110S. G, THRUM,
IvroMtna and Mahi f actum ir
fttntlottrr, Xetrn Jifntf Vrtutfr tlnok
oiMfrrrrrM
Arnl tmU..lter of if.e StnnAV t Kim. ami itwi'.
i AttHAHic n nit Annual, Merchant ttretts Deal
tr In lint Stationery, WW, Mua.a, 'Ioyt and 1'ancy
iHHHf i ot iirfii ear noiei, nnnoium.
A
S, CLROHORN & Co,
MtnpartftM ntut tentti ttt (tenet rtt Jrr
chmttUe, '
jueen ami Kaahunumt Streets Honolulu
T AINU & Co.
Cami tn tUMton Mftrhn h tt
Importer ami ileAlert In 1U), drain ami General
ProJnrp,
Honolulu ,. . .. . .II 1
npilE C.ERMANIA MARKUT.
Hovni.utt, II I.
reV IVrt, Mutton, f,nmht I'oultrj
nntl l'lh
Constantly on haml, ami of chotieM qua tit y. Pi
autage. noiORnat, eic, amayi on nanu,
Out mean
ate an cut and put up tn j.aMrtn -t)ie,
All orJera
faithfully attended to, and delivered In an) pirt of the
ril). Shop uii Hotel Street. Ix-tureu Union andTuit
Streen. 406ml G, RAUPP, Proprietor.
r HUSTACB,
(OOdMSdLA WfH ItOLLM A CO I
II irrff rt riff Itrlntt llrnrer,
lit, KtMf, MrttFthr ....., .Unkfh Harmony HaU.
Fainll), Plmtaiion, ami Ship itores supplied at short
notice. New kU bv eery m earner. Order from
the other I Oaud faithfully executed.
Telephone No. 119. i75't
M
PHILLIPS & Co.
Jtnpoiter Httotemtlv Jtrttter In Ctoth
(nth Hoot, Mm, lint, Jlrn'M 'tw
nth(ntf Oomtti, t'nncy fumf Mr,
No. 11 Kaaiicmanu Stbrrt . . Honolulu
O J LEVEY & CO.,
Ilulcate anil itetati Urorem
FOKT STKFrT . . .HnNOLUiU
Fieh j;roccrie -nd potion9 of all kinds on tiand and
received reculatly from Europe and America which
Hill Ire oU at the lowest market ratcit,
flood tlehvered toanj irt t( thcii free)f charge.
Island order sol ion rd and prompt attention will In
Riven to the umr, 111.1v
THBO. ILDAVIES A Co.,
(LaTk (anion, Crk!'N A. Co.)
Importer ami (lrtmnttnton Mrrrhnnti
AGKNIS F0
f.lo)d 11 and the Livcrtsool UnJerwrurr.
l)ritih and Foreign .larine Insurance Compan), and
Northern Assurance Compitt). I
JOHN T. WATERHOUSE,
importer ami
ttrnrtat 1frr-
Ql-sitn STKFirr
r.-JrilHrfArTp
H
HACKFELD& Co.
iteneral Comnttnntnn Agent,
Qufrn KTKttT . . .Honolulu
D. HOFFSCHLAUGBR & Co.
Impotter and Vommtton Merchant.
Ho SOLI' LU Oaiii. If. 1.,
pILLINOHAM & Co.
Importer and Healer in Hardware, Cut
lertt Toot,
Paints and Oil, and General Mrrchai.dlie,
No. 37 FoitT Sthujt . .... T.Hoolvlu
r
A W. PEIRCE A Co.
Ship Gaudier
and Comtntnttan Mer
chant.
Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands
Ayentt for Drat id' (Jinn and Horn, Lancet and Per
ry Uavti Pain Kilter.
P P. ADAMS.
Auctioneer and Comnthtion Merchant,
QtHvN STBHKT . HONOLI'LU
P A. SCIIAEFBR ot Co.
Impotter and C'ittnmtmton Merchant,
MtRdtAVT HrHirr. .. . Honolulu
WILLIAMS.
Vhotnyraphlr
104 Fort Stkbbt
ArtUt,
HoNOLt'lt'
Pictures uf all tt and Vind made to order, and
frame of all dwri,tioiit constantly on luud Alio
Coral t. Shell and Cuttohltiea of the Pactric" t
A LLEN & ROBINSON,
Dealer In Lumber and alt kind of Uultd-
tna Material, Valnt, Oil, Sail, etc.,
Honolulu, II. L,
AGENTS OP fcCJIOONf H
HaJekala, KuUmauu, Kekauluohl, Mar Ellen,
UUama, Pa u ah I and Lemhi.
At Uohimon'f Wharf, 1
TTYMAN BROTHERS,
importer of General Merehandl from
France, Knyland, Germany and
the Vailed Stale:
No. jj li mn Struct .. :. . .Honoiul
TJVMAN BROTHERS .
n'holetale Grocer,
116 ami atf California Sraa.r.. .San fRANCitcn.
Pjniculir attention paid to filtine and .hitJtini? 1.
land orderw . I
B
ISHOP CO., Bank.ri
llnoitMi, Hawaiian I.LANoa.
Draft Cxchangt on
TIIK UNK OF CAUipkNIA.
.SAN FRANCISCO
And lh.il icentTln j."
J
NF.W YORK,
BOSlON.jA,
,' C "4f(ON0 KONO.
i -' - (
M.un. N M. ROJHSCHII.ptiONS.
TxJNHON
l1v.COMMbRCIM HANKI.NC CO,
Of SYDNEY, LONDON,
Tl COMMERCIAL MANKISd CO..
cfSvunf.v, SVDNKV
1k HANKS OF Nf.W ZLAI.ANU:
AUCKLAND, CIIKISTCIlllKCH,
AND WtLLINGTON,
TIIK BANKS. OF URI'.'ISII COLUUU1A, '
VICTORIA, ac. AND PORTLAND, OK,
A NO-
TrMwt a Ctnirtl BmUar flutiiuil.
. t "" ' .
nmic r In
ctut mtt me,
I
V
JJuoiHCGo QTnrbo.
ASTLRA COOKR,
Shipping nmt Vm,nttntt
Mrrhntit
IfOMOLbt v
iMmitriBiifD uRAless im
ir
OKNKRAt, MCRCHANDIS!..
Agent far
Th Hitchcock ft Con.MnV Plantation
The AlevMhUr & lUMwlii lint At ion
R. HaUtfAd. r.r WaUlut I'IjuUiImi.
A II. Smith ft Commny. Kohx., Kami
J. M Afeiandrr, IU.U, Maul
'IiSe Haiku Snar Conmin).
The KohatA .sugar Lomptny
Hamafcua Plantation
The Untoh Insurance OvnC(.y ot Mn FiAntevo
1 h New Fnejant! I Ife InMiranca Company of Hjst in
'Ihe HIate Manufacturing Cowpmv of Homoii
D. M WrMorTi Patent Centrifugal Machine!.
'Ihe New Votk ami Honolulu IVcUt I .In,
'Ihe Merchant' IJne, jliuiolulii and San Frnnclva
!r, JaynM A Son' CeleWated MetlidnM,
Wilcox A OlMi'a Singer Mftmifjct urine Compmy.
Wheeler A WiNon'a .sewing Machine ?5'IT
TNO, O, POWLBR & Co.,
I.EROS. KNOLAND,
.li prepntett to fnrntfh 17a nt nttit Knit
unite fitv&trrt
POIlTAIU.n TRAMWAYS,
Willi or nlthout Cars nnrl IocomolWtt, $fcUII
AI)P1KJ fOR SUOAU PI.ANTA1 ION
Permanent Uatli),nntl IxxvmotUea andean, Prac
lion Enj;fne ami Koari UconvtW., Steam
Plouahin imt Cultivating .Machinety, Pot.
alilc I nKinei for all purpose, Windm
1 natne fur incline.
CataWuei Hith
1 I
l!uiralloti. Model anJ Photoi
BrapiK
iM Dl llie above riant and Matmnerv r
f tlie abov
i above Plant and Machinery may t teen
at irwciTtceitortht
nice of the iindemened. W, u (Mr EN and
O. rs CFARI.ANi: A LO , Agent for Ino Tm
ler k Co.
O, H. MAC? A It I ANR, M. R. HIACFAltl NR,
W MACPARLANR A CO.
Importers, ComraUtLon Mroliat4
nutl Sugar Fact..
Fir prmif Utitlitini Queen meet, Honoiul 4
agent roii
Kilauea Sugar Co, Knual,
Ihe WaikapuSujr.ir Ptatttition, Maui,
Ihe Spencer Suir Plantation, lliwiit
Honohina Susar Co, Hawaii,
HneloSujiar lill. Maul,
HtieloSusir Plantation. Maul,
Reciprocity Sugar Co., Hani,
Makaha Sugar Plantation, Oahu,
Ookati Sugar Co Htto, Hawaii,
Oloalu SiiEar Co. .Maul,
Ptiuloa Sheep Ranch Co, Hawaii,
J Fowler A. Co'a Stearn Plow And Portable Trama
Workf, IciU,
Mirrle, Wtni K Co'a Suar Mirhiner), C.Imjih
GlaLTow and HonnhiUi Line tT Packets.
4 l.iverprx and Honolulu Line of Packet 1,
iinuou anu iionuiniu i.ine 01 &i earner,
Sun Fire Insurance1 Co of lrdon.
191-1)1
DOOKS PERTAINING TO HAWAII
Jarv' Hiuoryof the Hawaiian Id ml,
Andrew Dictionary.
Vhit,nej' (ItilJe Hook.
Mi5 Hint's SU Month in the Sandwich UUnd
Ml (Jortton Cuniniirt);' lire Fountain.
Mr. Itidd't Honohilit.
Hawsinn Almtnacnnd Annual
Together with A tarie tock of aluaU and entertain
ingbooki, ht of tohtch U pul4ihed In the tupplement
of ltd piper . ,
I or ale atl
. Titos, a. Til news
N
EVJ GOODS
H t RucKivrn rx
" Mtrtln Divit," ,rMalUster' fcud ptcted ex
"Marijo',and nther vreU
Boston t!aid Matches, ,
Hotv Shoe and NaiU
nOWNF.US and NOONPAV Od,
LulricAUns Oils of all LiuJi,
Cut Kailt, all tires
Clinch KatU, all aire.
Ccton Watte in halet,
llfackf-mith's IleUowk.
Cheap Hl.n aockt,-
Garden Droomal
Itrown Soap, In cases.
Wirp Hanclne UatVetafor Ferns, Ac.
I-ine1 I'lantation lloet,
ft inch Go-'. cV trVct Hoet,
Ice Cream "recen,
ax Mower, belt kind,
Cam's (.enuine Amonkcac Denims,
. Cae' Genuine Amoleag Mariners Stripe,
tcftideia thoauiml aitirlet in the Hardware line alway
on hand. t
Soon eiprcte!, not hy the "Spartan," a moit rotu
pleta aftvorlment cf
Halt's .steel Plow and Hretker,
With extra lUndlu, lleami and Points.
All theftc will foti 11-1 at the corner brick store of
16. K O. HALL ft SQH. UmltU.
ftcnctrtl 5bbtrli0tmetB.
J
EMMELUTII a CO.
Wo. & Nuuanu aail 4 M.rohaut aUrMt.
Honolulu,
ILive on hand a loll line of Ih.
rn'Mitttitt.
A t.V A It A till,
Itl AMOS II MOCK,
Mllll A WK,
HVKKKA,
ftF.IT VAHAGOS,
HIIIGIITOV,
tll'll VHOIUK,
II VIIMOK,
,l,V X I. II III. K HIOVt.H
ASH OtIIKH MA
.VfllMi, ,
A,.ni, fur 11. - HON"! ARUIV
and-SCPF.K-
IOH" Uanees for Hltlnff ill trick. lL.ti.ulea mr.
chated, for putlln, up th .am. with ojrwillmul hot
water connection..
a "
Tri.MioNe Na n . '"
J. KlOf ELVTM 00,
t NiSjahu aud 4 M.RCHART Stl,
' , Auk. iC 'J ,
.
LANKS, BCANKS.
UOOf
Coolracti. 11,11. of Ladloi.
Illdi of Latrun,., Power, of Attorn.-,
Mu.lf.ie.
Charter Panv..
nuiurr ruoniracta,
De-ll, . Hottoovy Kiada.
4,u.o. nxieeisriM,
M.u-s PunhaMt' and MaatiLxlur.rt InraicM, Mw
Sheer Mao of th lUaodi, Plan.'
nf Honolulu, Chan of
FiiixW Pon
ILWOlan .
OR ANY BLANKS PRINTbD TO ORDnl
At THH. H. THHVM'M
. Mircuant Sraiar Sr.at.
TAKR t ARTOTYPI. j4Ml, a twnuaMi
1
1
1
-"
" ''tl
J
fJ
fc
' ) I.
j
.
SS
