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..slUKDAY . JANUARY j. i5
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The San Joe 'limes of December
5th, gives the following as Judge David
ton's remarks on leprosy in Ins ler'.ure
on liaw.iii, given at the tlieatic of that
city on the ath " It may be communi
cated by shaking hands or by sleeping
on a mat that has l)ccn Used by a na
tive who had the disease. The disease,
he said, hardly ever made ijs apteyfviite
ance in less, than seven years, aii
?-' . '.'!'.
mentioned acaseofa manwjwj showed i was unknown or very imperfectly un
svmptoms of the djscascinctecn cars derslood and men, Using by the ch.ise
before it made its awrtoar.inc.e No one or i,v pastoral pursuits, made constant
Oio visits thejvflandi can come away
who vims mu-rsi.intis liii iuuii. mm.j
feeling sttli it they have not caught
thetfisease, and some time would
tflapse before they could be certain on
that point. Tliejcpcrs, in their colon
ics, arc said to.be happy. They con
duct their own government and clect
their own judges. The speaker gave a
powerful description of the leper colon
ics and the appearance of the lepers. A
leper, he said, could take one of his
fingers oft" and throw it at you without
suffering the 'least pain or shedding a
drop of blood."
Tlie statement relative to leprosy
made in San Jose by Mr. J. M. David
son, of this city, as reported in the
extract above quoted, though not c.nct
in every detail is nevertheless in
the main, based upon good medical
opinion. I Its estimate of the conta
giousness of the disease is fully borne
out by the medical testimony elici
ted at the trial of the proprietor of this
journal for a libel on Mr. George I
Fitch, whilom nominal doctor to the
leper settlement, as also by the previ
ouslv published opinion of several of
the leading physicians resident here.
At the trial referred to, Doctor Trous
seau stated it as his belief that the
disease was communicated by inocula
tion and by imbibition and that mos
quitoes, fleas and flics might be instru
mental in conveying the infection, as
they certainly have been know n toconv cy
the infective material of other diseases.
There was no rebuttal offered to this
opinion by any one of the large num
ber of physicians who testified at that
trial. Now we have (for political pur
poses) in this city a centrally located
leper hospital with something over an
average of one hundred patients whose
segregation is the veriest sham; and we
have also lepers who if segregated at
all arc allowed to spend the greater
part of their time where and among
whom they please. . .. .
It is admitted by the best authorities
both here and abroad that the average
duration of the incubative stage of the
disease is perhaps several years and,
may be "seven )cars," as stated by
Mr. Davidson. We know also that
the disease has mysteriously appeared
in the homes of respectable foreign
families, where, if its existence were
due to some possible previous contact,
that event had been so remote in time
or so trivial and transitory in its nature
as to have eluded all memory or ob
servation; that such things, although
almost unheard of a few years since,
are becoming .less matters of surprise
than when every leper had his more
appropriate home on Molokai, or if
he preferred and could cscac detection
in the mountain fastnesses, far from
the healthy throng. Testimony, such
as that of Doctor Trousseau''!, and
facts, such as the invasion of respect
able families and the victimizing of
vtcll-cared-for and innocent children,
have too rudely shaken the belief in
the comfortable theory that "none
need fear the disease who have led
moral lives." In the face of what we
know, such a belief is absurd in the
last degree.
If this nation, its government and its
people, wish-to stop public lecturers
from frightening away immigration by
advertising the danger of leprous in
fection, there must first be a radical re
form in the treatment of the leper
question here. With the prevailing
laxness in the administration of scgrc
gation laws, and with cases springing
up here and there where least ex
pected, who can truly say regarding
himself, his wife and his children, that
he hat absolute faith in the protective
influence ot the virtue and propriety of
his household. Or, who can gainsay
the belief expressed by Mr. Davidson
that "no one who visits the islands can
come away feeling sure that they have.
not caught the disease, and sometime
would elapse before they could be
certain on mat point. " nut we are
unable to deny such statements as
calumnies is an outrage, but nevcrthe
leu one that bids fair to&endure so
long as the administration of affairs is
so exclusively in the hands of a man
who warns the people one day, with
reference to !cproy, that they " cannot
rub against an alomination and go un'
scathed," and the next studiously
facilitates the "rubbing" process and
mocks at the fears which he himself
onre aided in arousing.
And he jiJJUt still, while Rome it
turning
J, Five brothers, whose ages range Irom
75 to 89, live together at Kidgeficld,
Conn., on a farm which has been in
their family since their ancestor ac
quired it directly from the Indians.
Jitvnx.ti.mt
IV. Xtir.pnptr Matter, A e,rejriir l.lhlri,
llnnntttn Xttr.intr.
I have already discussed, in a gen
eral way, what the subject matter in
daily and weekly newspapers ought to
be. We !uc to consider, specifically,
what newspapers ought to print both
for moral reasons and for considers
tions of profit.
It is a favorite dogma of a pruAftineut
local student of cvolutionnat, in the
evolution of mornlsjAfere is a time in.
the history" of .covrfmunitie, of nations
and of unfa at which" irjiirtorality
in not imn1nr.1l . but is. on the contrary.
thcrYughest of moral laws self preser
ve examine, in (lie era 01
universal tumult when agriculture
war pineach other , or tribe on tribe.
or nation on nation -it was then the
duty of every man to kill every one of
his neighbors whom he might reason
ably suspect of designs cither upon his
own life, his own herds or his own
hunting ground. If he did not, he
might be murdered, despoiled or served
to death. In those stirring times it
was moral to carry off by force your
neighbor's most comely and strapping
daughter, in order that your sons might
become stout sjiearsincii, tall archers
and good looking enough to delight
your fatherly heart.
Many worthy journalists, apparently
reasoning similarly, hold that a news
paper may profitably and honorably
cater to some of the worst desires ol
humanity in order to obtain circulation;
afterwards reforming by a carefully
graduated scale of improvement until
perfect respectability is attained. In
the United States the New York Her
ald is a conspicuous example of the (vo
lution of newspaper morals.
I do not believe in the principle or,
more exactly, the tin-principle above
outlined. To my mind there should
be before the honorable journalist, an
ideal as high as that held up to the
students of John Hopkins' University,
in the memorable words of the presi
dent, Daniel C. Oilman : " You have
been taught, young men, in this univer
sity, to search for truth. Let that be
the maxim of your life. Kind out, seize
hold of, and never let co the pearl of
great price. Do not mistake the counter
feit for the gem. He afraid of error, ol
false inferences, of imperfect knowledge,
of bad logic. Keep your minds in sus
pense rather than accept that which
seems to you false; but never, never be
afraid of the truth." And I hold that
no honorable journalist will consent to
accept business "success at the price of
cowardly subserviency to policy.
Hut, altogether apart from moral con
siderations, the. matter which a news
paper ought to print is to the con
scientious editor a source of continu
ous study and of almost continuous
anxiety.
Local news in small communities is
an endless worriment. There are few
communities so small that interesting
local occurencies are not of daily hap
pening. Comparatively few of those
happenings arc reported. The reason
often is the inefficiency of reporters
either in gathering ncRs or in present
ing it in a readable shape; quite as often,
the reason is the real or assumed diffi
dence of those who have news to furnish;
most often, the reason lies in the small
ness of the reporting force or the
largeness of the field to be covered.
Given a place as large as Honolulu
which is a city of magnificicnt distan
ces andnoonercportercan get one-half
the news that might be profitably (or at
least interestingly) given to his readers.
Three men, at once industrious and
intelligent, would be small enough staff
of reporters for a Honolulu paper
exclusiveoftberegular ''shippingman."
Each then might be assigned to a cer
tain ortion of territory, and be re
sponsible for the re-telling of all the
hapiwnings that took place within it.
To render each of the three familiar
with the whole field, each man's terri
tory should be changed from time to
time and each should be given a fair
share of the most arduous and exacting
reporting, which too often falls uxn
one man.
In Honolulu, the shipping reporter
holds a far more important position
than is generally considered. A good
shipping man has the power to make
his work not only of value to merchants,
but of interest to the general reader.
Hisfirstduty is to be exact; his second, to
be interesting. Now I think there is
no class of men which numbers so many
wide-awake, observing men as the
sailor class. The shipping man who is
alive to his opportunities will make the
acquaintance of all the sailors he can ;
will visit them when practicable, listen
to and collect and collate their y.mis,
pick up crumbs of information in re
gard to changes and improvements in
nautical appliances and devices; and
gather such fact as enable him to
present the various items of shipping
news as fully or as briefly as occasion
may demand. I think each of the
several Honolulu shipping reporters
tus cajuchy for much better reporting
in his line than any has yet done.
But 1 think it would lc far better, not
only for the reporters themselves but
for the lupcrs that .employ them, if
shipping men were not obliged alto
gather to work jn. A. grove but were
given general reporting to do as an aid
to the acquisition of a better news
paper st le.
I confess that the foregoing para
grajihs do pot treat strictly of Newu-
per matter Hut they lead up to the
point I wish to make A community.
ennno have newsiapcrs filled,'' itli
readable local matter unlcssfhe com-,
munity nccoids sufficiejVfsupnort wen
able newspapcrsVrt) keep a Sfhclent
stafT at Koodjtffanc. It.Ut.cs -on an
avcragenine local, IwriVtlitorial and
thretfiiilsccll.incoiiswritcrs to produce
single issue ofllie San Krancisoo
fall , and the fourteen writers are ex-
rlusive"bf two editors who do nothing
but read, revise, excise and reject
mi ' Im lf.,1..l,. H.l "i.K. .. "
I ' '' ' "'VFIUIll (j HIV,
'newsy,', accurate" and "able" daily
journal is expected as the product of
(at most) three (regular) writers.
Newspaper Matter in cities, wlterc
questions of public interest are contin
uously arising and where news-gather
ing is reduced to a system, is often less
a question of what to print, than of
what not to print ; less also a question
of "what" than of "how." Questions
are continually arising not only of
morals but of propriety, of good
taste and of mere expediency. Of this
class of questions personal mention is
continually clamorous.
I think that newspapers readers gen
erally like personality in some form
or other and that journalism would
die a sudden death if the personal cle
ment were eliminated. Unfortunately,
there is a tendency on the part of read
ers to tolerate every personality that
docs not touch one's self or ones's
friends; but to frown vigorously on every
personality that strikes anywhere near
ho mi. This journalistic banc exists
I am sorry to say in Honolulu. I
must say, however, that t think
more general good sense and good
taste exists here than in any commun
ity I ever lived in; and, while I am
sure that merely flippant or malicious
personality is heartily disliked here,. I
am equally convinced that the public
relishes and approves both harmless
personal pleasantry about private per
sons and stinging personal invective
against erring public servants from
royalty down.
Here as everywhere the question
ought to be: "How far shall an editor
go, not merely for his own safety but for
the public good ?" Hoth self interest
and puf)ic necessity demand that the
public acts of public men should be
"handled without gloves" so far as
facts can he found to justify such hand
ing. On that point all are agreed. Hut
numberless writers, contend that the
private life of public men should be
left entirely alone. I cannot agree
with this view. The private life of
public men has a manifest bearing upon
their public life. It is true that notable
men in official life, a few here and
man elsewhere,
were anomalous,
have led lives that
Men of rankly im
moral private lives have been scrupul
ously, exact administrators and scrupl-
ously upright judges. Men-wtio have
been grossly intemperate in private,
hours have habitually performed their
official duties in a manner to win and
deserve the prakc of entire communi
ties. Hut the rule has been the world
over that men privately immoral in
the broad sense have been either dis
honorable or incompetent in official re
lations. And I contend that the pub
lic has a right to the side light thrown
upon the characters of public men by
such facts about their private lives as
can be established beyond the shadow
of a doubt.
So 'much for the ethics of the ques
tion. Now as to its expediency.
Let me premise by saying that I dis
like the word " expediency " and cor
dially agree with the aphorism of a
Honolulu thinker who says: "'Policy,'
' expediency' and 'compromise' are
three of the most dangerous words in
Devil's Dictionary. On each of those
baleful rocks there have been number
less moral shipwrecks."
And although I hold that the
newspaper man who will not go to' the
wall rather than renounce his princi
ples is unworthy of the honorable title
of journalist, yet I think many honest
journalists go so far in their advocacy
of just measures that they tire their
readers and "F.ndless iteration breeds
disgust." There is the broadest field
in journalism for the exercise of tact
and discretion ; and there need be
no compromise of principle with expe
diency if only a steadfast course can be
mai ntained. By "steadfast" I do no t mean
necessarily, consistent. Times change
and we must either change with them
or prove them wrong generally a dif
ficult task. Consistency ts very often
mere!) , "the logic of fools;" and I haye
always a suspicion that the public
teacher journalistic or otherwise who
never looks at events except from one
standpoints harboring a vacuum in his
sconce and deluding himself that it is
n intellect.
Too many men confound principles
with their application. It is wrong to
steal and it is right to punish theft.
But there is no reason why the public
or the private acts, of even a thief should
be viewed in no other light than that of
his thievery. And it is bad olicy as
well as bad morals to think of, to sak
of and to write of men who have "gone
wrong' in public life solely with regard
to the bad side of them. The public
has a right to hold them at arm's
length. Newspapers are right in main
taining towards them a rigidly critical
attitude. But, in order that the rela
tions of public servants to public ques
tions be adequately set forth, it is in
dispcnsible that public men be judged
with scrupulous fairness. Public ser
vants may be so bad that they can not
ac for the public good except by mis-
ff
takef Hut, unless those good mistakes
are credited to those who make them,
the public sense of fair nlav is outracid
in communities that sec beyond their
nosesjandrememherlongerthanfromone
day to another , and the wise journal
ist oil! be true both to his sense of jus
anil his own best interest in giving
even the arch political devil of which
every community has one his due
alike of blame and of praise.
Hut the consideration of personal
questions questions personal to public
officials, to prominent private persons
and to the community generally-is
only part of a newspaper's province.
Its editor has no right to neglect the
world's gcneiat progress in eulogizing
loci) advancement or in lamenting
local retrogression. He has no'tight,
either, to ignore the great questions
which seem to peril the world's advance
ment. 0n this topic I wrote at such
length last week that I need not return
to it now-.
On the "treatment" of newspaper
matter, " newspaper style" if I may be
permitted so to characterize that which
cannot, from its very nature, be ." style"
in the purely literary sense I hold
views that arc not generally shared by
my fellow writers in Honolulu. 1 dis
like, almost with a passionate hatred,
what my friend Jerome Hart terms
"the dead level of the common place." I
say this without a grain of egotism My
own commonplace is often as disagree
able to me as is that of any writer in
Honolulu. Yet, because I do aim at
good writing, and because I think my
brcthern of the quill are quite too gen
erally careless of it, and apparently,
underestimate their readers' apprecia
tion of it, I 'think I am justified in
stating my sincere belief and in trust
ing that the fairness of my critics will ac
quit me of even the semblance of vanity.
Fully half of the usual local items lend
themselves to picturesque or humorous
or poetic treatment. Why then the
usual treatment I The "languor of the
tropics" does not accoutit for it. Over
work 'does, in part ; carelessness or
lack of capacity, also in part. I have,
of course, no right to blame men who
have to do their work' "on the fly" for
lack of "finish." We of the weeklies
overbusied though we often are have
time to reise our work ; and there is
far less excuse for the mistakes we
make. But I still contend that more
careful writing in the dailies would be
appreciated in a far greater degree than
at present is believed. The circulation
of the dailies, at present, is dependent
chiefly upon their news. I do not
think there is a gentleman connected
with any Honolulan daily who will
claim that his paper is what its managing
editor might make it, under slightly dif
ferent circumstances.
And my last statement brings me
face to face with my original proposi
tionon -which I'liavc based irfy thrc"e
previous articles ; I could not fully
state it before without giving offense.
I trust my long preface has shown that
in stating it now I state merely an hon
est conviction, thoughtfully (if not ex
haustively or logically) arrived at. I
shallsbe grateful tor correction of any
mis-statement I have made ; and will
cheerfully acknowledge any fallacy in
my argument if clearly shown.
My proposition is :
i. There is no good newspaper in
Honolulu.
2. There ought to be four two daily
and two weekly.
I have used the word "good" unqual
ifiedly because I am confident my read
ers will make their own qualifications.
There is so much that is "good" in
Honolulan newspaperdom that if I were
not sure that it is fullyiahd freely ack
nowledged and appreciated I should
like to "gush" at length over it. But I
realize that its excellencies, jts faults
and its foibles are all uuderstood ; and
so have stated the naked fact as I see
it.
I think, also,that I recognize the rea
son. Four dailies or, to disarm hy
percriticism, three dailies and a half
are doing imperfectly the work that
might be well done by two. Four
weeklies are dividing the patronage
that would be little enough for two.
Merchants arc taxed for advertisements
that do in the aggregate no more good
than might be done by half as many pa
pers for half as much money though
advertising rates are far too low here;
and it is short-sighted undue competition
which makes the low rates that many
papers accept. The general public is
taxed to subscribe to more local papers
than fairly may be read, without neglect
of other necessary reading. '
And the divided patronage gives stick
inadequate support that no paper here
either does have or can afftrd to have a
sufficient staff.
"It is a question of the survival of the
fittest this newspaper question." So
someone said recently and perhaps he
is right. But I do not think he is nec
essarily right. I can very well under
stand a condition of affairs in which
the least worthy journal in'a commu
nityeven in a community ,like this
may survive while better journals perish.
It is too often the adventurer who suc
ceeds in, society, the quack in medicine,
the shyster in law and the man of brass
in business. It is just s often the
time-server who succeeds in newspaper
dom. I am convinced that all the
existing Honolulu newspapers and
printing offices cannot coauauc, at
fair profits on their investments, tluriag
the lurU times that are upon us. I be
lieve that no Hawaiian journal fUU.tft
newspaper needs of either Honohthj or
the other islands.
There are two wajs out of the difli
cully.
: The community may stand by, in
differently, and view a longJtnd unnec
essary competition that means in the
end, to all, financial loss; that means in
the end, to one or more, financial ruin.
Or there may lc combination.
The last alternative is, (I believe,)
not only practicable, but the only satis
factory termination of an existing difficult)-that
is deplored (I believe) by
every thoughtful journalist in town and
by every friend of Hawaiian journalism.
R. S. SMITH.
Honolulu, December J i 1884,
tiik rnt'.Arr
Our bilious critic, the San Francisco
Chronicle, is hammering away with its
vicious little hammer, and trying to kill
the treaty, Its telegraphic columns
are liberally besprinkled with go.sip
about the three reciprocity treaties
especially ours; and- its favorite edito
rial topic is the folly of a former
American Congress in consenting to the
treaty, and the wickedness of those
Californian merchants who had the
temerity, recently, to advocate its con
tinuance. The Chronicle's fight against
these islands has always had the ring
6f sheet iron-thunder ; and it puts on
the garb of a harlequin and assails us
by pelting the islands with the words of
Sir Claus who was nt first opposed to
the treaty, it will be remembered. It
would be comical enough if this hired
assassin of our interests was not so ven
emous to listen to the Chronicle's
arraignment of some of San Francisco's
most solid merchants as "a set of shop-
kectjers;" and then to listen further to
its (essential) eulogy of Mr. Spreckels
for the following language, employed
by the latter eight years ago:
Wc offer you cogent reasons why the reci
procity treaty with Hawaii should not receive
the sanction of ibe United States Senate.
The duty on Hawaiian Suqar is mote than
the government can properly sacrifice for the
benefit of a foreign people.
Hawaiian producers will have us completely
at their mercy, and the great body of Amer
ican consumers will be compelled to pay more
for an article of absolute necessity.
And the Chronicle comments:
At the time Mr. Sprcckles thus ciprcsscd
the view of a clcar-headed merchant he hail
not seen his way to appropriate the profit ol
the treaty lie denounced.
But in the very article it prints 'the
following argumentative paragraph from
the merchant's memorial to congress:
If the sacrifice was so ercal, the benefits the
people of Califoruia, and through them the
whole United states, receive from this remark
able trade were much less than we have shown
them to be, the sacrifice would not be useless,
for the geographical position of the islands is
such that the United States cannot let the in
fluence of any of the greater European Towers
become paramount in the islands without sur
rendering all hope of maintaining that supre
macy in the Pacific which is her due and en
dangering the peace of her own coast : but
these stratctic arguments we will leave to the
naljiiljlinJomaticdep.-irtnKntsof the gov.,
rtjinicnt to advise you upon. "
Fortunately, the "naval and diplo
matic departments" of the government
fully realize the situation. That Haw
aii is the key to the North Pacific is our
best assurance tHkt the existing treaty
relations will not be disturbed by an in
telligent and patriotic congress.
It is comforting, when pelted with
mud byA hired bully or wounded in
the back by a hired bravo, to be aided
and sustained by an impartial on-looker.
Our readers will remember an article
wc recently reprinted from the San
Francisco Argonaut, in which that pa
per handled Mr. Adolph Spreckels with
by no means gentle hands, and hauled
over the coals the management of the
Hawaiian Commercial Company. Now
comes the Argonaut to our aid with un
answerable argument and eloquent and
luminous exposition of that argument.
We quote two brief excerpts.
The Sandwich Islands are almost as impor
tant to us as though they lay within three ma
rine leagues of our shore, and were, within the
jurisdiction of our country. If they lay where
the Farallonrs ate located they could tie of
scarcely less importance to us in any particular;
their people are our people, and have been
ev;r since the missionary daj s of the J udd sand
the Armstrongs. They have been the rendez
vous and place for the refitting of our whaling
fleet ; they are the natural half way houscand
coaling station of our steam fleet for Australia,
ihcy are our sanitarium, one of our
places for a summer jaunt ; their people of
wealth and leisure make excursions to our
state 1 many of their children are educated
in our schools t here their ladies do their shop
ping ; we are their Hoston, their London, their
Paris.
As a national question, our country can
welt afford to concede all that it gives to the
Hawaiian Kingdom for the political influence
it has acquired over the lstands, its govern
ment, and people. Money cannot measure the
value of maintaining our political Influence over
the destiny of that country j and when we
make this aucition we mean to refer only to
relations that arc calculated to promote the
best interests of the Hawaiian Kingdom, its
government and civiliiaticn. We would nut in
terfere with its political afTairs,we would not en
deavor to annex or control It, ciccpt by estab
lishing friendly tocUl,bus!nesi and commercial
relations. We would not meddle wilh'its ad
ministration but, at the cost of war or anni
hilation, we would not permit any foreign
power to acquire an ascendancy upon those
Islands lliat should menace the safety of our
touii. Thelslandslielong first toncmclvcs,and
neat to America ) Kalakaua is "King of the
Sandwich Islands," and their governor-general
for the United States. Whenever king or
house of nobles shall administer this kingdom
in the Interest of any other people tlB iu and
native-born, then will it become a dependency
or part of the government of the United States
of America.
It is interesting to notice the work
that young Japanese are doing in the
United States. A Mr. Sato worktd
in the history and political econ
omy departments of John Hopkins
University all the paM, year. He will tarn
hts.doctorate there, beyond adoubt,and
rKhap take honors, using German,
rench and English easily and aJfect-hrif,
nnnnutrr.n nn.ttx.
Ttmpemne? Xolt:
Statistics show that Denmark, whose
male imputation succeeds in drinking
annually fourteen gallons of spirits cr
capita, drunkenness has to do with thirty
one per cent of the serious and sixty
nine per cent of the petty crimes com
mitted. In Great Britain 990,000,000 gal
lons of beer arc annually brewed ; in
Germany, 900,000,000 ; in the United
States, fioofooo,ooo ; in France, 157,
300,000 ; in Austria and Hungary,
280,000,000 ; in Belgium, 2 10,250,000 ;
in I lolland, i 1,000,000 ; in Russia,
8,000,000; in Switzerland, 13,500,000:
in Denmark, 28,000,000; in Sweden,
2 1,000,000; in Italy, 4,000,000. Total,
3,246,250,000 gallons.
The Chicago Interior makes a com
parison of the annual expenditure in the
United States for intoxicating liquors
with various other of the largest items
of expenditure, basing the same upon
the census returns of 1880, as follows :
Liquor, $900,000,000; bread, $505,000
000; meat, $303,000,000; iron and steel,
$290,000,000; woolen goods, $237,
000,000, sawed lumber, $233,000,000;
cotton gooods, $2 10,000,000; boots and
shoes, $96,000,000; sugarniul molasses,
$t5j(00o,oooi public education, $85,
000,000; Christian missions, home and
foreign, $5,500,000.
On the oft-debated question, " Docs
prohibition prohibit?" the I.cwiston,
Maine, Journal, a paper edited by ex
Governor Dingley, prlntcttrecently the
foUBwing; "The internal revenue
office reports 813 persons in this state
ns having paid the United States tax a
dealers in liquors In 1882. This cov
ers about 200 druggists, also every1 low
seller, who having been convicted of
violating the state law, has paid the
United States tax to escape the severe
penalties imposed for unauthorized
selling by the national government.
Hut counting the whole as dealers, the
ratio is as one to 800 inhabitants. In
1850 there was one licensed dealer to
every 225 people. In the license states
generally there is one to 210; in New
Vork and New JcJ.sey, one to 180 ; in
Califoruia one to 95. The average for
the whole union is one to 300. These
figures alone would indicate, all things
considered, that the sales in Maine can
not be one-eighth what they are in li
censed states. The report shows that
the amount of tax on the manufacture
and sale af liquors in Maine in 1882
was only four cents per inhabitant. In
the United States, as a whole it was
$1.40. In the fourteen cities of Maine
the persons who paid taxes as above
were one to 300 inhabitants. In sixty
license cities in other states, the average
is one to 155. In 470 towns and plan
tations in the state there is but one
dealer to over 2,000 people and in 355
towns and plantations there is not a
single open or secret dijim shop."
The London Whitehall Review
dravvs the following startling picture of
Fair Tipplers: "Let us follow the
movements, for the brief space of
twelve hours, of a young girl who goes
much into society. Somewhere about
9 or 10 a. m. she makes her appear
ance in the morning-room after hav
fag jigged about in a crowded assembly
until daybreak languid, heavy-eyed,
unrefreshed by the matutinal tub.
Without the chost of an appetite she
sits down to an unwholesome' meal of
spiced and peppered dishes, hot rolls,
strong codec and cream. After break
fasttoo tired, in all probability, to
ride she whiles away the rosy hours
until lunch-time in doing intricate
things with colored silks, writing notes,
or fluttering the pages of the books
sent in from Mudie's. Luncheon is a
heavier breakfast, with the addition of
wine and pastry. A turn or two in the
park-, lolling back in a barouche, varied
by an interval of shopping in a West
End 'emporium;' home to afternoon
tea, with plenty of sweet cakes to de
stroy the little appetite created by the
fresh air ; another spell of the dolce far
niente, a languid toilette, and then din
ner The real business of the day
begins long after the birds arc asleep
and the stars are shining in the sky. A
menu in which you look in vain for the
plain roast or boiled; the glare of a
score of candles; a wine for every
course; laughter, excitement, coffee,
flirtation, and finally the brougham, in
which the flushed and feverish girl is
whirled away to more hot rooms, more
excitement, more champagne; what
can result from such an unnatural and
unhealthy modsVOf existence but an in
creased craving for dissipation, and an
impatient desire to be relieved from the
lassitude attending reaction by the
abuse of alcoholic stimulants ? "
The New York Independent says :
"The Canadian is said to be slow, sus
picious and hard to do business with ;
but in his treatment of the greit ques
tion of to-day he is making a record
that places him in the foremost rank
as a reformer of abuses. In obedience
to an imperative demand of the better
class of people for some check to the
growing intemperance of Canada, the
Canadian Parliament enacted a law to
be submitted to the copte of each
county for adoption or rejection, which
while it does not absolutely prohibit
the manufacture ofalAholio drinks
prohibits their sale from, the public
bar, and as a matter of fact does do
away with a very large amount of treat
ing and lounging in public bars This
taw, called the Scott act,' has been
submitted in over forty counties of
the province, and in over thirty-five of
them has bean adopted, and is now.
or will be very soon, in force in alLof
them. And it ts promised by the pro
motcrs of temperance agitation that
four-fifths of the counties irf the prov
inces will be under the Scott act
within two years from now. Accepting
the statement of its opponents that
prohibition means free whisky, it is
astonishing with what terrible earnest
ness the liquor trade have opposed
this act. Every legal technicality,
every subterfuge, even to stealing the
boxes containing the votes on the act,
every influence that money will buy
has been used to effect their end, but
to no purKsc. The advocates of the
Scott act have beaten them at every
turn ; and, although it has only be
come generally adojited within the
last yar, a large number of wholesale
dealers have lound it convenient to
close their places of business and go to
more congenial climes. It will hardly
do lor our 'government of the people'
to allow Canada to set u the ewunpic,
and temperance people must wake up,
or they will find themselves following
instead of leading in this the mast im
portant question ot" ttxky."
George William Curtis is never jo
good a writer as when editing his Easy
Chair. In a recent number is the fol
lowing suggestion 1 " Now, is it not
wise for those who by liquor laws are
trying to send the bar-room into a dark,
damp cellar, and to make it disagree
able in every way, to provide in its
place a resort which shall be agreeable
in every way ? If a very large part of
the money which is expended for lec
tures and papers and tracts upon the
evils of dram-drinking were devoted
to maintaining resorts pleasanter and
more attractive than the corner grocery
and the brilliant bar-room, the good
cause would certainly prosper no less
than now. That would be putting the
wits of temperance men against the
dram Interest It would be pushing
home the victory won bysending the bar
down cellar, because for every forlorn
loiterer whose home is but a cold,
datk, desolate chamber it would pro
vide a cheerful and attractive parlor,
with games, papers, pipes, mid innocent
drinks. This would be legitimately
fighting the devil with his own weap
ons. It would be a kind of ' moral
suasion' which the .severest advocate
of severe lavvscoutd not deprecate. It
would be the introduction of a kindly
wisdom into a movement which often
seems cold as the water it reveres.
The Genius of Drams would be balked
and bewildered by an attack which
borrowed its tactics from his own. Un
doubtedly it would take money and
time antl trouble. Uut a community
which is not ready to pay that price
for temperance is not yet ready to buy.
Preaching the wickedness of dram
drinking, and enforcing prohibition
even at the point of the bayonet, will
not be so efficient an assault as turning
the flank of the enemy by making other
resorts for recreation cheaper and
pleasanter than dram-shops."
The San Francisco Argonaut of the
1 2th ultimo went into tne canard busi
ness, at the expense of the Altn, as
follows :
About four o'clock on Monday morning of
last week the building 111 which the Alia Cali
fornia newspaper is published was broken' Into,
and robbed of every valuable ourld in it. Its
types were thrown out of the window into the
street, its stands, and stones, aud everjthing
connected with the printing-room were de-
strojed. Having demolished the contends of
the printing department, the burgulars went
to the business office, and, breaking open the
safe, abstracted four dollars, in addition to a
smooth quarter, two ten-cent pieces, anil a
nickel carelessly left in the till at the counter.
Not content with thelrfiendish work, the masked
men entered the editorial department where
ex-Governor Johnson and Major-General Wal
ter II. Turnbull were throwing dice, to sec
which should go among the businessmen on
the following day to solicit advertisements
enough to carry the concern along until Cleve
land was inaugurated. Itoth gentlemen were
bound, gagged, and searched. In the pockets
of Governor Johnson nothing was found j
upon the person of the major-general a tailor's
bill and a new style of military button. They
were both ransacked, from one end to the other,
in search of brains or business sense. Nothing
was found, and both were kicked. The in
stitution was entirely wrecked, and the Alta
will from this time suspend any further effort
at publication, and no longer endeavor to pro-,
long the struggle for existence which has
characterized it through so many years and so
many changes of ownership and editorship.
"From a reliable source we learn that
within a single year, one hundred
Chinese women have arrived on our
islands. Most of these have been sent
for by their husbands residing here.
Many of these women are Christians.
Very recently, after the ntorning
service at the Chinese Church, Mrs.
Damon met a gathering of thirty Chin
ese women. There are it Kohala
many virtuous Chinese women, and a
few at other localities. One of the best
informed Chinese merchants in Hono
lulu informs us that the number of his
country women, 6f bad character is
very few. Whatever may be said about
the climate, there is a high standard of
virtue in the Chinese family, which will
not unfavorably compare with that to
be found in Christian lands. The
Chinaman is not indifferent to the
standard of female virtue in his family,
while he is provential for inculcating
filial respect and virtue among his
children." writes Rev. S. C. Damon.
To-morrow evening at Kawaihao
Church Mrs Hampson will begin her
evangelistic labors. We hope they will
be crowned with success; and to that
end we ask all our readers to do what
in them lies to aid her. Differences ol
creed, of mental habit, of temperament,
ought to prevent no one who cares
for the right from aiding to the best' of
his or her ability the work which Mrs.
.Hampson will lead. We know that her
efforts will be well seconded; and we
hope that the result will exceed the ex
pectations of even the most sanguine.
Wi are always glad .to afford our ge
nial contemporaries the opportunity to
say something wise, witty and pleasant
adjectives which it delights them to
believe may not truthfully be applied to
any remarks of uurs. So we take pride
in announcing that our present issue
has been largely filled by the most in
telligent journalist in Honolulu Mr, S.
C. hiors.
A carefully prepared article tin So
cialism, Communism and Nihilism,
from the en of an esteemed contribu
tor, together with an editorial on the
" con" side of the same subject, have
been unavoidably held over until next
week.
PORM BOOKS,
FORM BOOKS.
HILLS RKCKIVAM.K Au PAYABLE HOOKS
Nora Boots,
' NotH Books,
Kai ar uttifi, imrrie mmptt,
ttrdrr , AVmI Mfir4t,
PUuuiuii'rUM SVwks Ptbi RKclts Mow. Qr
lrr BUk, kc. 4c, tun unity ua hud, or
ffWtUl Fswsm IU4o f U Owls Skmi Krtk
At TMOM. . TMMVM'M
MatctuiiT SrtuT ao totrr )f sar Srota.
iletu bcrliocincnto.
BY AUTHORITY.
SmM propoU 111 lrrclY J l tn ofSee of lk
Minltitr ot tk tnuriof nniil II o'clock noon on Saiuf.
iliy, tlw tlik Uy of Fthruuy, iMj. f Ike romtrutt.
Ion of th wotts kfietn nmnj.
tUnt snil l,cificlHn miy ts ctmtn! l tkt
o(T.tr,f iktMlnlurr ontnJifttr lk oik dsy of Fb
miry, it's.
Tht wotls lo I commuted sr
rtril Tkt txtln of lh Slorao Ktrroir, I. a., !
moving alt lrrt and olkrr transit frowlks, and
f tcaTatlntf anil removing ill cartk and rotk tthtn tkt
Indicated knea.
Srcond--buiMinf a dam of firtt-tuvta rukktt raawnry
Utd In full Ud of kydraidic came nt.
IJiitd Uui tkt line of fiflrtn and llt Inch
pipea and setting galea tlren Ik tforafte rcatrvotr
and tkM of diiiritmtton, and from tkt lattar to tkt
point of connection hk tke pip tvMem of ikt tiiy.
ffote 1 kia t It may le divided and let Into two or
tkree aeclkna.
rourtk Contmitlnc ike dimtbuiint renemir con
ftiMinjr of aneacavallon lined with kyjrauli ctmtnl,
concrete or kricVerotk Utd In full kydraotie cement
bed and jolnlt, lkecnma!l and bays la be timilarly
comtmclcd anil tkt wkole.roofed over. '
All pmpozU muat be enderaed ' lVopotaU for
(doing; tke patticiiUr woik for which Ikt bid It made.)
A bond mu,t I cercnted by ike contractor wilh lw
() approved sureties conditioned upon tkt failkful ptf.
fitrmance cf tke contract.
Ilie minUler rr-ttvt, tke tiilkl to reject Ikt lovnt or
any bid.
Hi la may be made fur all Ike above In one contract.
CIIAS. T. OULICK.
Mlnl'trr of Interior,
Inlerloi Office, tlec. to, 1RS4. tal.lt
'piME TABLE OF STEAMERS
OFTIIF. .Pfe
INTER-ISLAND STEAM NAVIOA
TION COMPANY.
(LIMITED).
Stmr. II'. O. Hall (Sfalutanf)
llATat , ,, , Coennsandtt
Leaves Honolulu for Maalata, Kosa aat Kaa tai'i
Tiicada), January ijtk, .. ,
f'r'day. January tjrd ,,.. .
Monday. February end.,
Wednesday, February ttth.
Monday, February 93rd, . , .
Tuesday, March 3rd. . ,
Friday, March 13th . .
Monday, March 93rd, . ...,.,
,.ai 4 r.M.
.at a r.et.
..14 f.M.
at 4 r.M.
.at 4 P,H.
..I 4 r.sr.
1114 r.sr.
..at 4 r.u.
Arrirlnf at Honolulu en
tueaday, January totk. .
Friday, January 3-Mh... .,
Sunday, February 8th.
'I huraday, February folk
Saturday, February asth,
Tueaday, March totk... .
Friday, .March tolh
Sunday, March aotli, .,
...at I'M
...M) AM
..at (A st
M.ltJSN
...at j am
...at J la
...at $f M
,ASM
Steamer 1'latiter (I.iUnoe)
Cameron, command, r. leaves Honolulu tvtryTuot
day at 3 p.m. for Nawillwili, Koloa, F.letlt, and Wai
mea. Kauai. ( Kctliminjr leaves Nawiliwdi vr7
Saturday evening, arriving back every Sunday mornlsa;
Steamer IwitUml,
Freeman, commander, leaves Honolulu for llanoA,
Kulcuikaele, HonolcaA and Paaukau on
Wednesday, January vth..,,
Friday, January 16th ,. ,
Tueiday, January a7tk... .
Friday, February 6tl
Fuevday, February 1 rth .
Friday, February 2710 .
Tuesday. March loth
Friday, Marck aoth ,.
r At 4 A M
a4 ru
...at 4 fm
. . ., ..at 4 par
at 4 r u
ar 1 pm
AI4 PM
at 4PM
Arriving at Honolulu on
Wednesday, January 14th., .
Saturday, January 941k. .... .
Wednesday, rebruary 4th..
Saturday, February 14th.....
Wednesday, February t5th,
Saturday, March 71)
Wednesday, Match 18th.
Saturday, March aSlli ,,
iltAU
at 6am
at 6 AM
at a a h
at6 am
. . ..at 6 am,
.....at 6 am '
at 6am
Steamer C. 11. Itlahop,
Macauley, Commander, leaves Hoiolulu tvery Sti.
urday noon for Waianat, llanalet, Kilauea and liana.
maulu. Returning leaves llanalet every Wednesday
at 3 p m, touching at Waianae ever)' Thursday morn
ing, arriving back the same day.
Steamer if amen Mal.ee,
1
Weir, commander, leaves Honolulu every Friday at
o a si for WaialuA and Kapoa. Returning Itavtt
Kapna every Monday at 4 PM, toucking at walalua
every Tuesday morning, arriving back the lamt day.
Honolulu, January 1, 1&35. aay.jia
J. B. RUSSELL,
"Fashion Shoe Store9."
Mr. J. B. Russell, proprietor
of the "Fashion Shoe Store,"
N. E. Cor. of Geary and Du
pont streets, San Francisco,
begs to inform his numerous
Hawaiian patrons that he is
now prepared to fill their orders,
through Wells, Fargo & Co.,
or in any other manner they
may direct.
T"tVIDEND NOTICE.
Tlie Stoclkolders or the HAWAIIAN AORICUL.
TUKAI. COMPANY will take notice hereby tkM.
Dividend of 'lliret Italian per skart has bam eta
dared due and payable THIS DAV'al ihtOltctof
C. IIKKWF.K & CO, -"
Honolulu, Dec 31, 1884. 3.
D
1VIDEND NOTICB.
of of C IIKHWER 4 COMPANY UdMum32
at th Orfit of th Company for th qiurttr ym asV
A Dtvultn.l nfTsvn fL,ll. ...! .1. a
... V.v.m.. J., ,DS.
Honolulu, Jan. , 1883. J. O. CARTER,
Treat. C Rrtww Co.
)l
MBBTINO OP STOCKHOLDMS.
The Annual Meeting of th Stockholders si (taa
HAWAIIAN inilll'lllTIIDll muTiiiu sZl
oe new ai int utnea or u rttwer a Co., on TsvaataW,
January t j, ill, at 10 o'clock, A. M. AraH aflkaeVM
UraouesttJ. 4 ft CATeIy
... ..,..... ..n,wU. vnnw wiernni witl
-s w aac. tuw. jasv sjB.
TVT
fOTICB.
Mr. II. Lot and Mr. r. Multta- tarn ikia tit Wtaa
authorised 10 sign our firae-naw try )atM IoeieraaT?
M..H4kc4(UCav
Honolulu, tanuary 1, ilif. ' ' ' ' F. V
enent(.
...'...tliil-a 'J'..!.. ...... saitH. J.. . ,. ,-IT 1 0..
AND GRENADE FIRS
'l-fpilltlST
H
B.
WM, T, COt.F.MAN A CO.
CASK ADUatUI
Cttmmm, .Vm 'ntavara. '
Han ahcik;o,
II. II. OROSS. Esq.,
l New MoalfttMty Street
Da As Sim i We uLt blaaeuraus
th gout ork done by fyusu Haaal
aVclorv in ALaiueda, yeMtrday. A Aft
toa saiogia root or a large rranw Mraclyea,
furiously, and toe a Um ttultngtisvi atar a
Ik Sr was-bumLaa over aboas sas CuJ
surface bas lh aUras vaa lives, and taWl
being on tht bret flour, stlaatl ta frr latitat aaat
Sauplkm Sight rfualrst th tea, af ttatfca.
wmki, is sisiy ,, nusa, aaq taaafl
2S
1 Ptarha
awnwar access til ins art oq actusat
of the rouf and 1 ha absence of claasa.
Cbnsideiabla delav. Wkin ik. '.
they instantly taiUguisLad It br rati tvaa af
It b teas ate .af swap lav
unnson, anooua.11 Ikt sAlngH
believe your flitaadea save4
daMruclEon. iieaaa aeisd aa
atadtaiely. Vosus Vsry f "dy.
WILLIAM T. COLBMAN Ct,
AUMTt oVTmr Haimm?- efaaVU Cs.
tivuL c!E2. AtesX tSaaJWapJBsV
NtPMd aent4...,,.,l,.4.:..MaaaSp,
j 4"t m AY
WANTS j.
ToBorohasa, a tasatl lavasaa aaat last la
It laMaaVaiaaa) fUm. htlnt H.aaaj
slating loraiinti. )k. isanmt taf
Inilelasinl mauirad, atatrata af
faiyasaan.
HtsMsala, Dae. ifch, 1M4. y
HasMst, m
t
0
y
-y.
:-M
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8
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