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I
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K
SATUKIUY I'KKHM
AUVnnTisiMo hatha in pnrtss
i. i .1 n.iu.i.a i i , . a . .
M(.in,t m mines ran "''' KoD injunction no tencner tnon
need rule llic question Am I vr.irr.niteil
il,, i i!,r .-ilin iiiiiiiil .iiiltintilirs nrp fltitl stiii cut ililc'ron-ii lint s of it ucncr.1
avowedly nil the side of lh.it teat hit ! turn whose work h ct to lie ln-mm niid
who duly rniplmiiici llii feniiirr of
Irichat Img
0(m Mown
Pit"
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inch I I m
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I ; us
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t. ' i
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lirha.MltaMl rll nmiixin.
I rl h addMtrMt Mctl II Wt.iM,
Seoiml l.,ieitl. H t.le eftrej fr M lfll,
I,t,l. .Wll,.l nnmh U rate thit,l f.w M
nnlh
A.1,,tlHMlt otvImmI I rr nltf wftMrit wttl
I . l.iI t, mowM? ( Iht ,.t. rse f, imenih
4T II ir.. IVmW rn tftAKt A nt w, er
..-J . .i,pmim i,rM imtm rrriwi ih.
,r iismstirt i4.ttltaeire,tt.
I Me.
lie
,$t.
l reies whUh
sll, 'J . il,fMM r.1
in
Aii i.l d..tftt.rtl ft -roiltd monthlr
ept IteMe aJ,.rtlwn.rH4Ar, rVl
AM fVetgn n,,trtrmrnl HWMI I rwtr.mf,t tth
the p.. h.r tJM) In. MlMHMtr "III r l.s.n rH
lhr TnttftlM of frw,nt.t ar el.en In the hY
h.l. e. rrmNtancM t.r 1-e.l.rn Amtf arf.erlt..
emt, oe Mhriltrnv mY hem.le l,y bans. IWL,
CAln r psttal lmvv ued.re
lenrhlnii iiior.ili in
tli.il Mlicr question
my lioul r or
ill the iiroiH'r
authorities rntily myrotiro in .o doing ?
I'or the Uw ,t " I'emh good morals."
Ami the Im.iril or education iicci.wcs
lh.1t " one urrnt defci I of our rointiioii
school teachers Is the Link of Inrlitu
tlon or nliility to te.uli Iheir pupils
mnml tnilh
as to the Itue or vvhlih no tnnii ran
iroilu-iy. Indiffereme on ovir ,ut in
llilt Item of moral liiilriK lion li n ln.it
ter of more whim iliwiltnnliiRC to llir
lominunity tli.ui llic common tfppliiia
lio or the opium den. KntliiuhMir
cndeflMir to lend our peotile to thr
prneilrc of nood mornli will lie of more
IMwItlvenilv.mliiKtitojorietyniiiiiLOtntl
luted ntiout w tli.ui our rourts.nnd poli( e
rogulntloni, nml imlillr lilinirlei oven.
hntliuMmm Ii:h kindling power.wlietncr
ii u nnii.iiliv inti lipri 1I1.11 while! with innn or boy. whetlur in li.iich.ill,
moral imtriuiioii In the puhlic wliooli'or iirithmellc or chivnlroun nml lir.ivu
8ATUHDAY.
JANUARY i, illj
init'ri: r.st.i r.i.
Murnl riildiro I11 our .SrinnN." lip Hrr.
U. II. OOirtll,
It ii the purpose of lliii p.iper to net
forth the iinpoitiinccnndpr.ittir.ihiiity of
ftmg increased ntlcntiun to moral in
junction in our nuhlic scliooh, With
out depreciation in the slightest degree
the Rood work tl1.1t ii now heing done
in thii direction in various schools, it is
nevertheless true that nltocther too
little attention is gien to moral train
ing, that loo many teachers feel no
pressure of obligation in this matter,
and that the imrents and public ecner
ullv do not appreciate the mission of
puhlic schools as promoters and con
servers of all that goes to make up
right moral conduct.
The principle on which our puhlic
school .system is founded, lays heaviest
cmphaMS on the training to be imparted.
The public school is a citizen factory.
It is established and supported at the
expense of the community nut mainly
that our youth may gain proficiency in
ncnnianthin and arithmetic, but that
they may become sturdy supporters of
law and order. I he state assumes con
trol of the youth, and without demur,
affords gratuitous training, because the
state to retain its respect and its power
to protect, must have a constituency of
law loving and law abiding citizens. It
wonlilnot be in keeping with the grand
'purpose of the state to provide effici
ent instruction in arithmetic, for exam
ple, and to neglect the weightier matter
or instruction in right ooniluct. Ha
waii can doubtless fare along very well
with less arithmetic and more right-do-
ins, thouch she will indeed be in
stormy seas if the order be reversed.
Moreover, it is hardly to the advantage
of the state to be at the expense of a
public school system, if her youth are
to learn their fint lesson in righteousness
from the lips of the sentencing judge
in the police court. And it U just here
that all need to remember that just as
truly as the state provides for the
costly expense of courts in order to
diminish and reprobate dishonesty, she
likewise provides for large outlays for
the schools in order to increase and ap
nrobite honesty in the community. It
would be a most unnatural outcome
then for the schools to graduate into the
community a class of vicious youth or
of youth poorly instructed in the laws
of personal conduct. A public school
system then, in so far as it is a failure,
fails in this more than in anything else,
viz., that it does not fullil us great mis
sion in making the boys and girls in the
'community purer, more truthful, more
honest, more instinct with reverence for
law and rightful authority, and with re
gard forcivil order.
The idial public school system is
that in which the government, the
teachers and the pupil, alike recognize
and endeavor to fulfil the share or obli
gation belonging to each in til moral
educations of its beneficiaries. The
proper governmental authority should
insist inai oueuicntc iu iuw uc laugm.
The teacher should realize his obliga
tions to the state in the influence he
exerts in training the future citizens of
the land. And the pupil should never
be allowed to forget that he owes a
debt of gratitude to his mother country
that can in no way be repaid but by
high and honorable conduct in all the
aJTairs of life.
Public morality has a political and
financial significance that cannot be ig
nored. I know it is said, "Oh, let the
' schools be purely secular. Teach what,
all men will need to use in the common
avocations of life, and leave morals to
the church and the house." Hut has it
never occurcd to those who present this
objection that truthfulness and honesty
and integrity arc quite as secular as
arithmetic and spelling and geography?
And is it not quite as likely that men
will need to use honorable dealing as
frequently one with another as that they
will need to reduccMcno.mnate fractions
or to spell phthisic or to name the
largest town in Kode Island? And if
it is public conduct rather than public
intelligence that the state is specially
concerned about, whv shall not its
schools do all in their power to promote
good public conduct? The chuVch has
its work and the home its work and the
school its work. With the church and
the home the state has nothing to da
If it is to do aught to justify its claim
as the protector of life and property, it
ii.u uii duiuniK icaixmsiuuiiY nui on v
to punish criminal conduct but throuuh
its only agency, the schools, to promote
right conduct. Hie teachers of its
schools are just as truly public
functionaries with a duty to per
form in promoting rightousness as the
police magistrate or his subaltern whose
duty it is to ferret out and punish un
righteousness. Our lot as teachers is cast-in a land
whose law declares it to be the foremost
object of the public schools Vto instruct
the children of the nation in good
morals." The board of education in
its biennial retiorts avows its interest in
this feature of public school instruction.
In the report to the Legislative Assent
bly of 18S3 occur these words; "The
nature of children cannot lie properly
developed and cultivated, without that
moral instruction which teaches them
induttry, honesty, sobriety, chastity,
and reverence to their suicriors and
rulers; and all the other virtues which
are an ornament to society, and the
bam of every vood i'tn eminent
Hence the public teacher who neglects
the moral culture of his pupils fails to
pwform his whole duty to the state."
It t clear then that the law places
jMPOimbility on everv teacher to In.
nh iniiHu in gooa morals ; and
Is the declared txilicy nf the govern
menl, nml .some account is made of it
in the ptesrribed " Course of Study," no
provision ii made in the form of n
little " l'rimcr of Morals" for the use
o'f pupils, nor is there any ml'-qintr
schedule nf suggestions for the guidance
of teachers. It is hardly to be won
dcted at then that in 'this absence of
means nnd method " loo Utile alien
lion is given lo forming the moral char
icter of pupils."
As n matter of fart, llic moral train
ing of pupils in the puhlic. schools is
left 10 the option of the teacher. If he
be indifferent, then the leaching of
morals In his school "goes by the
board." If he be Intensely in earnest
in this feature of his work, then he will
(omm.iud a certain measure of success,
but it will be because he has diligently
irmlied Himself to the discovery of
methods, nnd the preparation of helps,
and not hcciuse the school authorities
have furnished these to his hand, ready-made.
Now It is clear that the teacher who
takes up teaching after the fashion of
those whotakcupknitting-work, a fem
inine industry 1 believe that does not
tax the intellect heavily nnd is without
any proper times or seasons- such a
teacher is neither dealimr honorably
with the community, nor proving himself
a wormy incnincr 01 me proiehiiun.
Hut while this is true, it must be re
membered on the other hand that the
unavoidable routine duties of a teach
er's work absorb too much vitality to
make it cither practicable or desirable
that the teacher should still furthur ex
haust himself in the preparation of 'ma
terial that the state should freely fur
nish him with in the readiest and most
compact shape.
So true i this, that we lind that the
greatest obstacle in the way of the
proper moral training ot pupils in tlic
public schools to-day is, the absence of
adenuate helps. I am assured that
many teachers would gladly devote
mote attention to this feature of their
work if it could be brought as really
into the "Course of Study" as reading
or arithmetic. It cannot be so brought
in, to any real purpose, without some
such text-books as are now being in
troduc.cd Into the public schools of
New York. With such helps the study
of moi.ds could be made as systematic
as the study ol fractions, nnd its rules
be given quite as strong a grip on the
conscience as those of fractions some
times get on the mind.
It is probably the practice of every
teacher who feels the higher rcsponsi.
sibilities of his calling to improve favor
able opportunities for moral instruction
by us'm; some misdemeanor as a text.
Hut while such instruction has the ele
ment of timeliness and thus is made
specially impressive, it is not systematic,
nnd consequently a certain .class of
moral qualities arc quite neglected and
others arc unduly emphasized. It is
quite possible through such unsystem
atic training for a boy unconsciously to
come to leei mat lying, tor instance, is
the sin of sins and that if he tells
the truth he is as good as any
body ought to expect him to be. Sys
tematic training wouid not result in such
impressions,for while truthfulness would
be duly emphasized, so also would self
denial, honesty, faithfulness, .gratitude,
reverence, self-control, and industry.
A general exercise in each school for
ten minutes each day could be profit
ably, arranged and the pupils would go
from it to their various classes with
fresh zest. Whenever a child's moral
nature is awakened it arouses his ambi
tion and courage to undertake anything
that will lift him higher; and I believe
that an arithmetic lesson preceded by
a short and earnest talk on faithful
ness in everything, would be a far bet
ter lesson than without such a talk. It
would be an interesting inquiry, and
one that would suprisc us all in the re
sults that it would place before us, as
to the relation ot moral culture to in
tellectual progress. I arri convinced
that a systematic course of moral train
ing in our public schools would not
only lift the moral tone of our various
communities but would very sensibly
raise the grade of scholarship in all our
schools,
Teachers are apt to plead in excuse
lor what I neheve to be a very general
neglect of moral instruction, that the
multiplicity of school details prevents
the addition of this bronch to the other
branches already taught. Hut lime
devoted to other studies could easily be
vacaicu 10 me extent 01 certainly ten
minutes a day in the interest of this
primal feature ol our public schools.
On such an occasion as this when
teachers are gathered for mutual coun
sel and stimulation, we are concerned
with our own personal' roponsibilitv
rather than that of the slate in the moral
training of our pupils. We may all
aarce that the duty of sceim? to it ihnt
even' public school shall constiiutr n
moral lorcc in the community is the
highest function of the educational de
partment of the government. We may
all believe that as such department its
peculiar mission is to lit the youth of
the realm for worthy cilizcnshin. and
that in all practical details it ought to
most efficiently sustain teachers inerad
icting tendencies tu intempcrancc,t!u:ft,
urNon, forgcry.murder, hoodluiuism and
the whole train of vices that sap the
foundations of good civil order. We
also very rightfully have the deeivst in.
lerest in the appointment of jicrsons of
good moral character as public school
teachers; in the provision of adequate
helps for systematic moral imtruction;
and in a stringent regulation that every
teacher in every school in the land shall
devote home rt of every day to the
moral training of his or her pupils. Hut
our deepest concern is in the matter ol
our pergonal resonsibihty as teachers,
to lw faithful to that which is after all
the really highest and most imjiortant
work of art instructor, viz., the moral
training of the youth. ,
Ours is a serious business. We are
training the men and women of the
future. Others are manipulating mer
chandise and stocks and manufactures.
while we are moulding the plastic minds
1 (induct iu the field nf good morals
Shall we not throw n little more en
thiislasin Into our lunchingnf morals?
Smiii" Ihtnif I .lir-.iinl I'urllriilnrlir In
tntrhlnit .IWtiHf-ff-
I respond to Mr. Scott's wish that I
should prepare n paper fur this meeting
in order In show my cordial sympathy
with the aims of this association. I
have sclrded Artthinclk for my topic.
I know that 1 can present nothing new
upon Ibis subject, but if what I have lo
say about my way of teaching arllhmc
ti accord with the tnc'hod of other
teachers here, I shall feel strengthened.
Arithmetic is too rich a topic to treat
as It deservis in o short a time as that
allotted to me. What I have to say,
therefore, will be principally about the
fundamental rules, fractions and, possi
bly, decimals.
When pupils nave nan a tunrnugn
course of mental arithmetic to intro
duce them lo practical arithmetic their
progress in the latter is much more
riipm uiiiu 11 uiey i.ick ui.il irci.ir.i-
tion. Assuming' that they do know
something of the combinations of num
bers, 1 nim to tench them that arithme
tic is not only the " ait of reckoning,"
(in which as in other arts practice in
sures proiictcncy) but it is also n scwitt,
1 j, bef ire llic left Milt put Its division
, ,V -, 6 and 11, and these ate all there
are l'm the tight (as multiples of
1 j) you rould put ijxj, or . or ., or
by what is pradir ally an Infinitude of
numbem.
When vve enter upon fractions, I say,
still Intent upon Irai ing resemblance
"Take nny fraction, like ff, nnd
tell me if ihcic Is nny resemblance be
tween it nnd the sign of division.
Tlicnnswerw!lllic,"Tlictohorinn
tnl lines tire nlikc of course," I there
no oilier resemblance? 'I here is a
figure above anil one below in one
case, nnd n (Jot above, nml one below
in the other. Very well, then that dot
nbove stnnds as the representative of n
tiumeralor, and the dot below as the
representative of n denominator. A
fraction is always an unperformed di
vision, The miotlcnt is the value of
the fraction when it has been reduced
to its low est terms and its simplest ex
pression 1 nml here I point out that the
individual whom we called erstwhile
product, nnd dividend, has now gotten
for himself n third name, that of nu
merator, and our old friend the divisior
has now became a denominator. In
reducing complex fractions lo simple
ones, 1 have devised a process: which
cannot be indicated by the types at our
command. hd.
In decimals, In order lo make a novice
sec how one can readily change a dec!
mal to 11 common fraction, I write a
decimal like 450 and then I say the
denominator may always be formed by
lengthening the decimal point into a 1,
and then writing n cipher below each
figure of the decimal, nil of which is
only another version of the rule that the
denominator understood to every deci
mal is 1 with as many ciphers an
nexed as there arc figures in the deci
mal. TJiough "art is long," 'time is fleet
ing" and 1 must bring my discourse
Our llixmliilii Itllrr, I J, JlrSnrfr. JWitf tTnlillng.
" Tin community ouc.li! 1'ilw, , UHrt for A lilllint wnWinc ifee-plM) Elrn Ut
llio tr-mlnii of Mn llmnpton, 'llir relic ! s"lr evening at 8 o'clock I) Mr nrxl Mn.
Ions life nf lie irf:lng 1'rolr.tiinti litre luit. Atone. 91 their Nuuinu itreet rwlrlencf,
Iwen llrrci t It has not Ixren for vmii," an 'fler the nurrlat'.c of llielr iccoml lUuglilrr,
runes! t'luUtlnn -il'l to me yestrnUjr, I
lclleve him.
t lute lie.iril Mi. IUmiion ti-rrnl times.
I like her ole nrul llilnk lief fstures mi' I In
lomllom tie wnmlcifully ilnuiintlc t limn.
I think lier ilnccrliy, htr itt, Iter Mill me
ielf.el,rn tntl I believe ilit liai acrom
plltlinl definite Rowl. Hut t On wlh hr
won I, I not (if rati, at inch length, I nay to lew
fur iny un uke than for the Vt of tliote
nervoui folk 10 whom 11 tetmoii or an oration
lint enrrr.lv three quarter! nf an hour It an
IiiiiIiMi.
An evteeme,! ilearon of my aetiiialnlanee Irst
heen acting at utlirr ilurlnu llic tervlcca at Ka.,
wjUIi.vi Church. Aflcr he hat done hit uil
In teallngllie runKicgatlnn lie lake a teat near
llieiloor nri-l llntent until .Mr. Hampton hat
talked alxiut half an hour. Then, at the con
edition nf tome tlriklng period, he quietly
Iravet the liiilldlnc and ,nderi oultlde Uin
the thoucht wild which lie hat been filled,
True ttory, thlt It I
It It leldom that one may criticise a irlli;lont
movement without lielnt inltunderilood. Tlisl
lelllnR tent " Me who It not for Me It agailnst
Me" It often made to apidy lor, iweepin(;ly.
I know that It may lie applied to one crlticitni I
have had the temerity to make and I with lo illt.
anntlielargcrpoitlon of the Inevitable hoililltv
hy affirming myretpeel for Mrs. Hampton and
my belief hi the earnest sincerity of thote who
are working with her. I think that the "In
qulry room" hat been a mltlake. t believe a
Crcalcr numlier would have been reached If the
tcrvices hid been more brief and the "Inquiry
room"wpikc!t had gone about among the con
gregitlon and atked anil amwered quetllon
ugjetled hy the tpeakcr't eloquent wonlt. So
many are iinnVof the Inquiry room.
whose principles arc applicable in all 1 upon this art to a conclusion. To what
branches of mathematics. I try to give
simple, ciear unci e.xuci ueiimiious, 1
give pupils the derivations of the (to
them) long names used Tor arithmetical
processes, and make them familiar with
the nomenclature ol the science. In
numeration I have them analyze num
ber. in two ways; one for thecar nnd one
for the eye. Take for instance the
number 3.1,678,015 Read, it Is thirty
four millions, six hundred and seventy
.iglit thousand and fifteen. Analysed
by voice il is 3 tens of millions, .t niil-
lions,6 hundreds of thousands, 7 tens of
thousands, 8 thousands, no hundreds,
one ten and 5 units. Analysed for the
eye it is
30,000,000
.1,000,000
6,00,000
70,000
8,000
000
to
5
Mitt. Nancy Afong to Mr. I'rank II, Mc
Stoker, 'the mtirlBe ceremony, which pre
eceded the arrival nf fpirttt, vrat pronounced
liefote the Mid? faintly by Kev. J. A. Crutan
t aeven o'tlock. The large girdeni were prtt
tlly Illuminated with lanlernt, and the Hawaiian
Itmd, concealed under a glr;.tiilic banyan tree,
like an Krot' ildeld, trantformeil ihe teene,
wlih a niiijlc of luffl tmindi, Into a r'ght
merry p.nadlte. Al lialf.patt nine o'clock
upper wat tervnl lo alioui 150 guettt In the
large dining roomi, which were appropriately
drciialol and umptuouily tuppllcd. 'Die
bridal rIpi, which were rich ami numerout,
embraced China tela, tllver wares, pongee
Jlk, elegant vatei, toilet cti, Jewelry, etc.
bate In the evening the lulde ami groom de
parted to their new home on King Street,
Iwirlng with them many warm alolut en
wreathed wllh Ihe melry of lote. The I'rcss
withes them aloha nulr
I'm Hahu VuttUrn.
Attention h called to the new adtertUemenl
of II, I DillinKliani It C o. In 111? evTit
I line. llic windmill tdverllted are of
tuiwrlor tnnttruction, Tfie oilier goods iperl
Tied are but a tmall portim of a Judicially
telected and alwayt full H.kI.
Mr U. Dejeani proprletrett of ihe I'arltlan
Ncatauraril, 6 Hotel tliret, will tell her Interetl
in thlt eitahlithrn'nt and leate, at a great c
rlfice, If applied for Immediately at iliednlret
lo 9in leave for I'vror, At thlt Initlnett
tint leen i.iofilalilv conoucteil at thlt lame
locution for yean and now enjoyta run of good
cuttom, it ofTcrt an eicellant change to trcure
a lucrative lutlnet on most favorable lernn.
Mettra. Holt ft llrodle bought one of the
Haxe'a Holttein bull a very fine animal at a
low pi lee. Mr. H. fi. Swlnton, of Ihe lina.
lito Home, Maklkl, and Mewi, Milci llr'n.,
purr hated a plr, ewh, of lh famwn "Ilaioc"
or "Jertey Red" ilgt- Ihe finet ever Im
ported In Ihe-te itlandi. They are ald lo t
tuer.ecellenl- a "crim" hreedcri, and
attain great lire and weight at an early age.
V
JUtclioTt $.i(co.
A I. U A n L H REAL
late I
BS
which added produce
the original number-
3.1,678,015
Kxercises like this arc invaluable for
rendering pupils able to sec the differ
ence between the simple and local val
ues of figures. A pupil drilled in this
way will have no trouble in stating an
algebraic problem beginning thus. "A
number is expressed by three figures."
Let c ecpial the digit in unit's place.
Let f equal the digit in 'ten's place,
bet g equal the digit in hundred's place.
Then the number will not be as some
pupils fancy g plus f plus c, but 100 g
plus 10 f plus c, and those who have
been properly taught in arithmetic (and
havcremembcred what theyweretaught)
will readily understand why the coetb-
cicnt of the digit in hundred's place
must be a hundred, and that of the
digit in ten's place, ten.
I am particular to exercise pupils in
naming the parts of the example in
every process, and in making them
prove their work. T he rules in the
arithmetics are not always clearly worded,
and I teach them to make clear rules
for themselves. I tiive them an example
and when it is solved I say, " describe
every step of the work." II the descrip
tion be complete it will serve for a
rule. With a little practice tie phrase
ology of a pupil becomes quite correct
in framing a rule. I allow neither de
ficiency nor redundancy in the vvord-
inc of a rule.
I always draw attention to resemblan
ces among numbers and teach pupils
to identify an individual number even
when it goes masquerading under a
different name from the one it bore
when we last encountered it. I take the
signs plus and minus, the sign of multi
plication nnd the sign of division; after
the pupils have given the usual defini
tions that apply to 'them, I ask if there
are any resemblances among these sym
bols. This results in the answer that
plus and the sign of multiplication
arc alike, differing only in position.
Then follows the explanation that
the processes they represent are alike
with certain differences. They are
alike in that they both indicate increase.
In class I explain the differences, but
will not dwell upon them here. Minus
and the sign of division are upon in
spection found to be alike with certain
differences. The processes they repre
sent arc alike with certain differences.
They both indicate dectxme.
I ask them to give me the parts of an
example in multiplication and to tell the
parts of an example in division corres
ponding to such. The exercise takes
this form.
Multiplicand equals divisor or quotient.
Multiplier equals quotient or divisor.
Product equals dividend
The multiplier and the multiplicand
are (actors because they produce the
product. The quotient and divisor
are- lactors tiecausc they iiuiy pro
duce the dividend. Then the terms
product and dividend arc interchange
able, or in other words, a product and
a dividend are the same thing.
I always give many exercises upon
the principles of division, showing how
any tampering with cither divisor or
dividend separately is certain to be de
lected by the figures of the quotient,
whereas if divisor and dividend agree
to deceive by being both multiplied, or
both divided by the same number, no
one caiwle'cct their villiany.
When we get to common divjsiots and
common multiple, I am careful to point
out this difference, that, whereas a di
vision is certainly a thins to divide by.
a multiple is ut as certainly a iliing to
b. divided, and the two need never be
confounded. The division of a number
van not iuss the boundaiy fixed by the
dividend without entering the realm of
f.-actions, but there is no limit to the
multiples of a number, except the a
tienco of the maker of the multiples.
To illustrate, put down a number like
I have particularircjl I desire to add a
few general remarks.
I find pupils who consider themselves
prbficicut In arithmetic much averse to
reviews of the fundamental rules and
fractions. Hut it is a theory of mine
that no pupil should quit a subject tin
til it is so thoroughly mastered that the
learner could teach it, and I would
recommend to any one who wishes to
digest the accumulations or school
days, that he or she teach for a few
years. There will surely take place a
mental sorting, setting to rights, and
pigeon-holing of items properly la
belled that shall conduce to mental
clearness and tidiness for all one's life to
come. I insist therefore upon reviews
upon these very rules which arc rightly
named fundamental ; without the ap
prehension of which arithmetic becomes
a dreary, trackless waste instead ot a
rise to higher planes of thought.
do no teach primary pupils all the
nice distinctions that may be made.
Many of the points upon which I have
touched I keep for pupils till they take
their last review lietbrc quitting anth
metic. Other points I teach constantly.
I believe that to a pupil skilful in the
four Kreat rules and in the manipula
tion of fractions all thinp-arc possible in
a mathematical way.
In my opinion, arithmetic and its
great and fascinating family of mathe
matics constitute the hack-bone ot a
liberal education. To the question fre
quently asked me in return for my ad
vocacy or tins theory " (Jf what use are
Mathematics?" I reply : "They stimu
late the imagination and cultivate a
habit of exactitude in thought and
speech whose outcome must be a habit
of speaking the truth." I would always
like to quote some words of Dr. Har
row's ; but they arc too long for a re
ply in general. I will, however, cite
them here as the conclusion of my
theme.
" Mathematics effectually exercise,
but never vainly delude, nor vcxatiously
torment studious minds with obscure
subtilties ; but plainly.dcmonstrate every
thing within their reach, draw certain
conclusions, instruct by profitable rules,
and unfold pleasant questions. While
they inure the mind to a constant dili
gence in study, they deliver us from a
credulous simplicity, fortify us, and per
fectly subiect lis tn rhn fnvfrnmpnl nf
right reason. While the mind is ab
stracteci anu elevated trom scnsihic
matter, it distinctly views pure forms,
conceives the beauty of ideas, and in
vestigates the harmony of proportion.
1 he manners themselves are sensibly
corrected and improved ; the affections
composed and rectified ; the fancy-
calmed and settled ; the understanding
raised and excited to more divine con
templations. Nothing expands the
mind more than the acquisition of a
mathematical truth, a law obeyed
throughout the universe."
The Symphony Club.
Change, which it written on all thingt, has
not left unaffected the Honolulu Symphony
Club, whose cfTorlt to create an active interctt
in musical arTjIri havemet, hitherto, with kindly
appreciition and encouragement. The resig
nation of several prominent members of the
cluli hat materially altered its organization and
numbers; but H is hoped will not lessen its
usefulness and efficiency at a permanent musi
cal society. Perhaps a belter unity of object
and cIToit than hat heretofore existed, may
enable the club to give to the public, and to
thcimclves, at least at great utiifactlon at
hulieito. At present the club it constituted at
followi. Messrs J. W. Varndlcy, firt violin )
Ivd. Mueller, second violin ; V. .Morse, llule
M. Jones, clarinet 1 I. F. Drown, violincelloi
and Miss Carrie Cattle, p'unitl. To this num
ber additions maC.- made, In course of lime
but the above constitute ihe corps at present
relied on. An arrangement hat alo been
effected by which a doublc-quarltcte jf miied
voices may lie combined with the instrumental
part, enabling this club 10 produce soma of the
lint compcniliont by Ihe most eminent matters
and thereby creatry adding tu its value at a
muttcal organization. The club alms to Im
prove Ihe mudcal latte and culture of Iu
members and those attending iu performances
by giving its chief attention lathe study and
rendering of meritorious and classical compu
titiunt of which an elegant stock adopted for
all putt both vocal and instrumental hat re,
ccrilly lcn received hy the cluU It It hoped
that its efforts will receive at ill public perform.
ancet, such encouragement from our reu'dcnti
at shall stimulate mejibcii to attain great profic
iency in their organisation and with this object
in view tho flul, will, at all limes, appreciate
any InulUviit criticism that may be given
regarding their performances, preferring an
hoiuu etprcsuon of opinion rather than Mat
Icring encomiums, which, have, out of good
will toward (hem in the past, been given
rather too ficely and indUc"imInately to be of
value as a guide to their improvement u t
musical organuulioo.
I hive been glad to tee some of the town's
printers at Mrs, Hampton's mectlngt. There
are many circumttanccs that combine to make
printers careless, Intemuerate nnd Irreligious.
Often they lote their rctt, anil are tempted hy
overwork and loitof tlccp to utc stimulants.
Profanity It often their only relief from ealrein
Ity of csatperation In trying to decipher
the vile penmantlih) of worthy writers! and
chronic III humor It often the result of long
suffering from unjust editors who make many
corrcctlont In proof that ought to have been
made in manuscript. On (lie whole, the print
er's life is not n flowery one; and if Mrs. Hamp
ton, or any one cite, can sweeten it a bit with
the solace that always comes from right read
ing of the " Old, old story," I for one will
ay " amen" from the bottom of my heart,
Last week's I'rest had n number of articles
on Socialism and this week it has two or three
more. Citizen D.mielwicz It to the fore again,
Hon. S. N. Cattle begins an exhaustive article
on the wages question a kindred topic ; and
there it brief editorial dogmatism on the sub
ject. ' My only object in mentioning the topic
here it to say that more than one ot our "best
citizens" hat peculiar views on the subject of
the holding of wealth. For instance, one
Queen-street merchant believes in making
$2,003,000 the maximum of any man's fortune.
A Merchant-street capitalist not himself :
landowner believes that private ownership In
land should be limited to acomparitively small
area- dependent upon the character of the
holding, agricultural, mineral, and otherwise.
And that rcmiadi me of a clipping sent roe
from Glascow friend whose ardent admiration
for William Morris, who wrotn it, makes him
half an Internationalist himself canny Scot
though he is. "Harder than iron is the
Russian despotism ; stranger than fiction Ihe
tales that creep through its guarded prisons,
and the latest such is of a Hungarian patriot
and poet, Petoefy. It is said that he, whose
death in battle in the great uprising of 1849
was everywhere rc;orted, is to-day a prisoner
in the Siberian mines. The story is to be
"officially investigated." True or not true, it
is of the sort that wc naturally expect to hear
from Russia. What great things have been
done since 1849 California and Australia risen
into states, the Amirican and the Franco-German
wart, the exploration of Africa, the un
sealing of the gates of Japan and Corca, the
wooden navies of the world changed into float
ing fortresses of steel, change and progress,
growth and strength, everywhere visible. Yet,
to this poor Hungarian the world was not ; the
universe perished for him thirty-five years ago,
when he ncntto his dungeon, where hit hair
whitened, and the irort of Siberian tortures
entered his ardent soul. Who shall say, after
all, that the Nihilists have not justification ?"
And quite apropos, I have jutt clipped the
following from the Record-Union; "San
Francisco will be visited in March next by 11.
M. Hyndman, a well-known English Socialist
who will be accompanied by Win. Morns,
author of 'The Earthly I'aridise.' The for
mer is a wealthy man and proprietor of several
publications. lie also contributes to some
socialittc magazines. On the iSth of March
an International Convention will be held, at
which over 300 delegates are expected to be
present."
Ahi'thrr Arrmtnl,
hut Saturday evening Mitt Nannie I..
Afong, the tecond daughter of Mr. f". Afong,
our will, known merchant, wat married to Mr.
F, II. McSlocker, a gentleman connected with
the home of Mettrt. Win. O, Irwin A Co.
The ceremony wat privately performed at the
retldence of the bride a father, corner Nuuanu
and School ttreett, at 7jo v. M., by Kev. J.
A. Crutan. At 8 o'clock the guest began lo
attcmble, coming to the number of at leatl
100. So that the ipiclout retldence wat filled
hy a hrllllint gathering of many of our mott
prominent resident!, among whom were Her
Majctty, Queen Frnma, Attorney-Oencral
Neumann, Mn. I', Neumann, Chancellor
Judd, lion. A. S. Clrghorn, Mr. Samuel M.
Damon, arid many olheri.
I lie liinic was elegantly attired In a cream
colored gros-graln silk made with a short
skirt richly ornamented with Russian point
lace, trimmed diagonally In front of tklrt and
puffed drapery lo correspond wllh the lace;
panclt of plaits on the light, finlthctl with
drapery of the same, full hick-skirl, plaited
lined with cream color satin, clalxiratcly or.
namented with flounces of lace and cascade of
lace up the tides.
The ioint basque wat of same material, cut
squire in the neck, clegmtly ornamented with
tame kind of lace and laced in front over a
plaited vest nf same silk with short sleeves of
lace and drapery of silk ; glovcsand slippers to
match. .The bride alto wore a white tulle
veil, real flowers of marguerites and white rote
budt relieved with fernt of maiden-hair, and the
only Jewelt worn by her were solitaire dia
mon.i car-rlngt
The piesenti given were displayed in the
room adjoining the drawing room anil, con
listed of an clreant tllver tea tervicc, a china
dinner set, silver ice pitcher, silver forks and
toont, nankin rings, etc., jcwelry and many
other article too numerous to specify In dctalf.
At half-oast nine o'clock, an elegant supper
was served by Mr. II. Hart, ol the Saratoga
House, consisting of salads, n) famuli ol cake,
ices, creams, anil such substantial as are,
"in regie," on such an occasion, to which
ample justice wat done by ihe guctts.
During the evening, the Koval Hawaiian
Hand gave choice selection! of mutic which
added greatly to the plcature of the entertain
ment, and at 10:30 r. M., the guctts depar
ted, and the newfy married couple drove to
their residence on King street, followed by
hearty good wishes of all for their future wel
fare and happiness. V.
I an brartJ M i. It u I'aUk Aa1lo, m
Monday, Jaiaary 19th,
Al 'it rfilrri lr, ! My Ikhmrjmt,
T I. P 1 1 1 1, r L a a 4
n.i-iUc i ii. vmhi iti u, iti irf(uM
l.r.l.UOIIOKl,!!
IU AUmu U KOCAM'IA lo Mod, Kma, ll..3,
Kftl'ana H. ptfM
TU Al,i
I
The writler notice! on patting through one
nf our principal Initlnett tlrecM a algn pro
Jetting in front of a thoe and'tllptwr painted
on II and Ihe line "Shoe Maker underneath.
If Ihe proprietor could be periuaded lo dlt
ienve with one of these S', he would att til have
enough left to fully advertise hit manufacture.
We are In receipt of the "Hawaiian Guide
Hook of Information anil Merchant Directory
for IHSC." prepared bv Mettrt. I. '.. Wiseman
and II. I. Uulline of lliii city, which contains
valuable information to touritti ami traveled,
and it 1 handy Imok of rcfecrnie for the reti
dcnlt of these itlandi. For sale at Wivrinan't.
On the znd inst , nearly all nf the
Chinamen working for Mr. Horner on
the Turton Plantation, .ahaina, Maui,
struck for higher wages. They had
been receiving faom S17 to $10 per
month but were reduced to $16. On
the following morning not one of the
men came to work and after holding a
caucus, demanded $19 tier month.
This Mr. Horner may have to concede,
as the mill is now in the middle of the
grinding season and laborers on the
oilier side 01 .Mam and Makawao arc
receiving from $o to $26 per month
and are difficult to obtain. The recent
arrival of 145 Chinaman by the steamer
Alameda may, perhaps, remedy this
condition of affairs to some extent.
irasarliriKOKAIIAU IK I U n Kt,
fawall, mt. lUyat f'tmt (4 j
TU AW IIOOM.WA i4 MUflULU U
rfmih Kftni, IUtH, KmUti Ii. y)fi.
IU Alninu iA KMI.IA In Nih Kmu, IU.,0,
n9. 7719,
IV KuU... .t Kr.OI'M tn4 In fiwik Knu, Ha.tU,
it 1-10 ami; Kl fattm 11411.
71. KU.n.,lS.SIIIAt;iKlhKo.iK Km, II..
wH, ff f.fnum , KA71I l'CAi 11,1.
IV KViurMrillfAtJIKIIi North Kwui, Hi.
H, 17 arttl I Kral I'alral )!,.
'VU K.Wsr,. (,ni()NU t;l,A In !.'., Kmn, II.. ,3,
j, ,'.,iirr; Kovl l'lM lll.
71.. Kla or IIONUAUM. Nrntk Ktu, It. ..II,
4 1,-iv, Mm : kTftt rfnt jut.
U Atripua of I'UNA In I'mj, ll.-.H, Ktltuu
fCo. I.
In. Ahuiiaa KAALA I Kahlua, ll.w.lt, til,
atm ; Ktetran rCo, 997,.
lUfrial.iKl'AU'lftlht Ahwpuu tISvJ'.W, KtUU,
iia.aii.
A IIouh ja MAKAIIO.su K.IUa, ll.-.;
A llouw Is !'AI'AU!.A In KaOma, 0U.
1n AIiUm A I'AUMII, Unaina, Ma-ii; 4 1 ,
Apana r, j iw j
yttanj r, j ;,.,. aa.a j
Apani J. t 7 Kn Km S
AM 4. titfrodt.
" For tanUi fattlruUtt tnif ! A. I. CART.
COMUtXKCIAI.
This week opened with a feeling of depres
sion in business circles augmented by the as
signment of two of our mercantile houses,
which causes a feeling of insecurity and the
fear that perhaps-we nave not yet experienced
the worst of it.
The arrivals of the week from foreign pout
were Ihe Mariposa on the 9th instant from San
Francisco also during the week the liarkentlne
W. II. DinionJ from San Francisco on the
5th instant with assorted cargoes as detailed in
our import list. The departures for ihe same
period were the barkentine Eureka for San
Francisco on the 3rd instant. Ship Storm
King for Victoria II. C. and bark Ilsdgo for
Humboll Bay on the 6th instant.
The following quarferly returns of the custom
house prepared by Collector General taukea
and his stiff are herewith presented:
The Teachers meeting last week was anani
mated one. I am glad the Bulletin printed
President Townsend's paper. In lo-dat s Press
apppear Mrs. Wallace's Arithmetic taper, and
Mr. Oleson , on The Teaching of Morals In
Public Schools. Mr. Hyde's paper which
roused the gallent Mr, Kcnyon to do such
doughty az has not yet seen print. Mr.
Moore's FT has not been printed, cither I
think. Ily the way, is there any law to pre
vcnl,hc secretary from writing an institute
esaay t From no teacher should I like lo hear
one more, A.
Honolulu, January, 9, 1884.
Our .ornl jroMtnfta.
The cuircnt number of Ihe Planters' Monthly
Is one of the best ever printed. Mr. Jaeger's
article on Neglected Industries is itself worth
a ycai'a subscription. Mr. J. M. L,dgalc's
two papers the one emphatbing the necessity
of planters writing for the monthly, the other
giving the detailed (and disappointing) results
of the maceration experiment at Laupahnehoc
deserve attentive perusal. Mr. Alexander
Young's description of the maceration
machinery built at the Honolulu Iron Works
for Walakea Mill, Ullo, Is Interesting. The
result will be looked forward to with eager
ness. The circular letter addressed by Secre
tary Smith to planters generally, enclosing a
Idler from Commissioner Canavairo relative
lo Portuguese ro-opcratlve plantation labor,
ought to produce good results.
The Anglican Church Chronicle for January
has some good reading. An editorial para
graph on Hard Times and Economy Is 4
clever hit it those who tconomlie first where
they ought to last. Evolution Is editorially
considered In comment un recent articles In
this paper.
The ttockho'iiert of C. Brewer & Co- meet
at 1 1 A. M. on the 15,1b IniUnt it Ike oftice of
' the company, Queen strctt.
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1875.
THE HAWAIIAN
for 1885,
AL
l(molili, I)ttrn,trS, ,tt.
r.. p. .111 amu,
Amrttontlr.
MPORTAMTTO PLANTERS
O.l.VK rr.ltTtl.ltKH.
1U. It. Dan.i ii Co. hart loat rtcairej lw qttU.
rtfi 6f rbtmiol fmifiKr if.ci.Uf prepare! lot appli
Ulioq la cant l.Ul !y id. ubUaled "Li... Ulna
lut Manure Co." 11. ulitir art of rr.lT J Ua
vju'l,ir, and lfcu, adft. mpacli..tjr la dry uA
rt duiiicSL P. k a. iif-tf.
A deerctM la Multa.. Isa4.tr, Mc, CotTw,
rvoarut, (luilaMu, TaJlaw, Wool, u4 twul
Uavra, In valuMioo U 1 101.114 M u lacrtaa
' -, IKMaaa, HUaa, u4 bbaay Mlaa.
A HAND-BOOK Or INfORMA
TO THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
VALUE TO MERCHANTS,
OTH
Tint KLBrKsrn
Price per each number jo els., or 60
Persons desiring copies mailed abroad
lention as soon as issued.
T
OSEPH E. WISEMAN,
Th Only RooognUtid Conaratl But
KSTAU
Office In Campbell's Fire-proof Build
I. O. llox 318 11 r
DEPART
Real Eatate AajavmU-noy. and KUt Real
tlouKt, .otuictaml Kooou.
Solicit!; Agnt for WUtWr's Iatar.
l-ubiic will apply to ma for Tkltfs and Injorma
Soliciting Agent for Use Kntual Life
Largest, Grandest and Sounder Institution of its
As nt for the Onset Boi-llnyUm Rail
all other routes going Last, the scenery being the
Dining Cars the handsomest and mott ccunfottatle.
Employment Agentk-l'lnds Employment for
the liunds.
Soliciting Agent for the City sf Lon
lompany mine Isuruli.
Custom Honse Broker. Enters Good, at Cus
Hills under Power of Attorney.
Money Broker,-Loans Money at all timet oa
General Basinets Agent.- Legal Tapers of
kcteu. Doo and Accounts kept and adjusted,
surancc on Property looked after. Copying and
Correspondence aitd Commercial Uuiiuest ofesery
Agent for the New Mnalo Hall nt Ho
for terms, etc Orders for Island Shells, Curios,
hired and lor arded la all pans of the World.
T luformatlon appertaining lo the Islands given anj
P. Illif
IctD cDbcriistmcnte.
1885.
MANAC AND ANNUAL
TION ON MATTERS RELATIMO
ORIGINAL AND SELECTED, OF
PLANTERS, TOURISTS AND
ERS.
YKAMI Of IHMVK,
els. by foreign mail, including postage,
will please forward instructions, for at-
tiiom. a. th nun.
Compiler an4 lMliaAr.
sees Agent an Us Hawaiian IalasnaU
LIHUED 17.
lag, 87 Merchant SU. Homelala, H. I.
refepasa il.
MENTS:
Estate In all parti of the Kingdom. Rents Oc&ora,
Island Stealers. Tourim vod tba Trailing
lion to the Volcano.
Insaranoe Co.
kind la Ibe World.
of Most Yswk.-TU
way Route in America. Til. Rostc ecI.
grandest, the meals the CAokcsl and tbe Palace and
all seeking ork la the various UaAjies of Induauy m
don Fir Insurance Co. Tbe tu Laon
lorn House, pays and disdiugas freight aai Duty
firsKtau sccuritir.
esery dtsrriplku dn-n. Bills dUlributed 'and Cat
Records Searched. Kenti Cotlected. Taaet sod Is
Engrossing done. Ad.enisenscnis.NewspspevArtkica,
ruture preraptlr and accnrmlely attended to.
nalnln CompaBies aleoad ill correipood tih ass
Lasa Scimens. Native 1ei and Ibotoi carefijl
aQroneipoodence fa!ltfuil- aaiwered.
JOMKI'H JC W1BKMAX,
GsnetaJ Batistas Af tat, HeesoWla. M. I.
crtc to tocrttacmrnts.
DILLINGHAM & Co.,
Fort Slrtet, lonolulu.
AGENTS FOR THB HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
These Mills uc now in succetsful
operation on a number of Stock
Ranches, where they are giving en
tire satisfaction, notably upon the lands of J amis
Campbell, Esq., Hon. J. I. Dowsett, Kawailoa
Ranch and James Gay, Esq. Full particulars will be
furnished upon application.
DILLINGHAM .c Co. beg to announce that the;
have received u recent additions U their stock of goods and aie prepared to fill
orders upon most favorable terms.
towM. Fi.rtw fttws, IfMUH PJtws I Lifht StHJ fm
AKF. NOW UEINfl OPENEts.
Agricultural Implements of the most approved patterns. Cutlery, Lamps,
Chandeliers, Lanterns, House Furnishing Goods. Kerosene
Oil of the best quality in quantities lo'suit,
DETROIT CYLINDER CUPS,
The best in the market, Albany CYLINDER OIL and COMPOUND
LUCRICATING OILS of all grades. &
T SPSCtaU. ATTSNTtWi PAID TO ISLAMB IMMH, IS
3
,
fi
