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Yol. I. WASHINGTON,. D. 0., SATURDAY, DECEMBER 29, 1860. No. 28.
vAOQAJ
PRICE ONE CENT.
MAJOR JACrt DOWNING ON SECE3
8I0N. We reproduce, for the benefit of tlio present
day and generation, tbo following letter on
Nullification, from tho celcbrnted pen of Major
Jack Downing :
" Washington City, Jan. 17, 1833.
" To the editor of the Portland Courier, in the
Mariner') Church Building, second story,
eastern end, Fore street, away down East, m
the State of Maine:
" My Kind and Dear Old Friend : The Presi
dent's message, to Congress makes crackling
work here. Sir. Calhoun shows his teeth like
a lion. Mr. McDuffie is cool as a cowcumber,
though they say he's cot a terrible tempest in
side of him, that he'll let out before long. For
my part, I think the President's message is
about right. I was setting with the President
in tho cost room last night, chatting about one
thing and another, and the President, says he,
Major Downing, have you read my messago
that I sent to Congress today? I told him I
hadn't. Well, says he, I should like to have
you read it, and give me your opinion upon it.
So he handed it to me, nnd I sot down and
read it through.
"And when I got through, now, says I, Gin
ernl. I'll tell Ton lest whot 1 think of this ere
business. When I was a youngster, some of
us Dowmngville boys used to go down to be
bago pond every spring, and hire out a month
or two carting logs across the pond. And one
time I, and cousin Ephraitn, and Joel, and Dill
Johnson, nnd two or three moro of ns, had each
a whapping great log to carry across the pond.
It was rather n windy day. and the waves kept
tho logs bobbing up and down considerably
bad, so we agreed to bring 'em along side and
side, and lash 'em together, and drive some
thole pins in the outermost legs, and row 'em
over together. We went along two or three
miles pretty well. But, by and by, Bill John
son begun to complain. He was always an
uneasy, harum ecaruin sort of a chap. Always
thought c cry body else had an easier time than
he had, and, when he was a boy, always used
to be complaining that the other boys had morn
butter on their bread than he had. Well, Bill
was rowing on tho leeward side, and he began
to fret, and said his side went the hardest, and
he wouldn't give us any penco till one of us
changed sides with him.
" Well, Bill hadn't rowed but a little ways on
tho windward sido before he begun to fret again,
and declared that side went harder than t'other,
nnd he wouldn't touch to row nu that side any
longer. We told him he had his choice, and ho
shouldn't keep changing so. But he only fretted
the more, and begun to get mad. At last he
declared, if we didn't change with him in five
minutes, he'd cut the lashings, and take his log
and paddle off alone. And before we had hardly
time to turn round, he declared the Cvo min
utes were up, and up hatchet and cut the lash
ings, and away went Bill on his own log, bob
bing and rolling about, and dancing like a mon
key to try to keep on the upper side. The rest
of ns scrabbled to as well as wo could, and
fastened our logs together again, though we hod
a tuff match for it, tho wind blew so hard. Bill
had not gone but a little ways before his log
begun to roll moro and more, and by and by in
he went, splosh, head and ears. lie camo up
putting and blowing, and got hold ot the log
and tried to climb up on it, but tho more he
tried, the more the logrolled; and finding it
would be gone goose with him pretty soon if
he stayed there, bo begun to sing out like a
loon for us to come and take him. We asked
him which side he would row if we would take
his log into tho raft again 7 '0,' an) 3 Bill,
' I'll row on either side, or both sides, if you
want mo to, if you'll only come and help mo
before I sink.'
" ' But,' said the President, '1 hopo you didn't
help the foolish, rascul out till he got a pretty
good soaking.' ' He got soaked enough before
we got to him,' says i, ' for be was jest ready
to sink for tho last time, and our. logs come
pesky near getting scattered ; and if they had,
we should all gone to the bottom together. And
now, Gineral, this is jest what I think; If you
let South Carolina cut the lashings, you'll see
such a log rolling in this country as you never
see yet. The old Gineral started up and
marched across the floor like a boy. Says he,
' Major Downing, she shan't cut the lashings
while my name is Andrew Jackson. Tell Sar
gent Joel to have his company Bleep on their
orins every night.' I told him they should be
ready at a moment's warning.
" I wish you would jest give cousin Ephraim
up to Augusta a jog to know why ho don't
write to me, nnd lei mo know how the Legislu
tor is getting along.
" I remain your loving friend,
" Majou Jack Downino."
The German papers are claiming that Sen
ator Seward is a descendant of a German fami
ly which was driven out of Germany, in some
internal commotion. Tho original name was
Siegwart, (Victorywar,) which was gradually
changed into the English name of Seward.
Thoy say, ulso, that Count John Jacob Sivers,
whose name is intimately connected with the
liberation of the serfs in Russia, is also a mem
her of the name fnmily, and the name si! era
is a corruption of Siegwart's son.
From the New York Sun.
SExnisu Small Pox South. As evidence
of the foes which the secessionists will have, to
encounter, wo copy tho following remarkable
communication, which appears in the Colum
bia South Carolinian:
" Charleston Polite, Look Out Mr. IMitot .
By a letter from New Yurk, thero is reason to
apprehend that the Lincoln men linvo been
gathering up all tho rags they enn find from
the BiiiaU pox hospitals, and intend an incur
sion in the South, to chase the secession Con
ventions and Legislatures from place to place,
until they are raude powerless.
"Six men aie on the way, having left New
York on Saturday, and will be probably at
Kingsvillo tomorrow, to tno-ulate the com
loaded with members.
Cautiov."
Colonel John 0. Fremont may bo considered
the richest man living. With tho recent im
provements, the monthly pioductsof hia mines
are near $100,000. Mr. Fremont is oxpectcd
iu New York this week.
Organization of the Departments.
STATU DEPARTMENT.
The whole machinery employed to conduct tho
business arising out or ur foreign relations with
nil the Towers ol the world Is f r more simple
than Is generally conceived. The number cm
ployed la the Department of State of the United
States is only tit enty-elght, as follows : One Sec
rotary of State, (Hon. Lewis Cass,) one Assistant
Secretary of state, (Hon. John Appleton,! one
Chief Clerk, one Superintendent of Statistics,
twenty-two Clerks, one Trarslator, and one Li
brarian. Diplomatic Branch This branch of the State
Department has charge of all correspondence
between the Depirtment and other dlpl matlc
agents of the Unite, States abroad, and those, of
foreign Powers accredited to this Government.
In It all diplomatic. Instructions sent from the
Department, and communications to commission
ers under treaties of boundaries, &c , are pre
pared, copied, and recorded; and all of like char
acter received are registered and Died, tbelr con
tents being Qrst entered In an analytic table or
Index.
Contular Branch. This branch has charge of
the correspondence, see, between the Department
and the con uls and commercial agents of the
United States. In It Instructions to t oteofficers,
and answers to their dispatches and to letters
rora othefpersons asking for consular agency,
or relating to consular affairs, are prcpired and
recorded.
The Disbursing Agent lie has charge of all
correspondence and other matters connected with
accounts relating to any fund with the disburse
ment of which the Department is charged.
The Tramtator. Ills duties are to furnish snch
translations as the Department may require. He
also records the commissions of consuls nnd vice
consuls, when not In English, upon which exe
quaturs are Issued.
Clerk of Appointment! and Commissions Be
makes out and records commission, letters of
appointment, and nominations to the Senate;
makes out and records exequaturs, and lecords,
when in English, the commissions on which the)
ire issued. Has chargo of the librar).
Clerk of theltolU and Archua He takes charge
of tho rolls, or enrolled acts and resolutions of
Congress, as they are received at theDepaitment
from the President; prepares the nuthentlca'ed
copies thereof which a e called f r ; prepares for,
aod superintends their publication, and that of
treaties, In the newspapers and in book fcrm;
attends to their distribution throughout the
United States, nnd that of all document, and pub
lications in reg-ld to which this duty Is assigned
to the I epartment; writing and answering nil
letters connected therewith. Has ot arge ot all
ndian treaties, and business relating thereto.
Clerk cf Territorial Busmen The Stat of the
lepartment, Jc He has chargo of the seals of
the United States nnd cf the D partnient, and
prepares nnd alt ches certificates to papers pre
sented tor authentication; has charge of the Ter
ritorial business ; immigration and registered sea
men ; records all letteri from the Depirtment,
other than the diplomatic and consular.
C erk of rardom and Pauportt He prepares
and records pardons and remissions; and regis
ters and filet the petitions and papers on which
thev are founded. Makes outand records pass
ports; keeps a daily register of all letters, other
than diplomatic and consular, received, and of
the disposition made of them ; prepares letters
relating to this business.
Superintendent of Statistics lie superintends
the preparaticn of tho "Annual Report of the
secretary 01 aute ana roreign commerce, as
required by the acts of 1842 and 185C.
ATTORNEY- GENERAL'S OFFICE.
Hon. Jeremiah S. Black, Attorney General ol
the United States ; A. B. McCalmont, Esq , Assist
ant. Ibe ordinary business of this office may be
classified under the following heads :
1. Official opin'ons on the current business of
the Government, as called for by the President,
by nny head of Department, or by the Solicitor
of the Treasury.
2 Examination of the titles of all land pur
chased, as the sites of arsenals, custom-houses,
light-houses, and all other public woiks of the
United States
3, Applications for pardons In all cases of con
viction in the courts of the United States.
4. Applications tor appointment in all the ju
dicial and legal business of the Government.
5. The conduct and argument of nil suits In
the Supreme Court of the United States in which
the Government Is concerned.
6 The supervision of all other suits arising in
any of the Departments, when referred by the
head thereof to the Attorney General
To these ordinary beads ot the business of the
office is added at the present time the direction
of all appeals on land claims in California.
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
Secretary of the Department of the Interior,
Hou Jacob Thompson, of the State of Missis
si pi. Its clerical force consists of one Chief
Clerk, (Mosee Kelly.Eeq ,)twoDisburs ng Clerks,
and ten other regular Cleiks; and to its super
vision and management are committed the fol
lowing branches of the public s rvlce.
lit, The rulihe Bands. The chief of this I u
rcau is called the Commissioner of the General
Land Office. The Land Burt nu is charged with
the surey, management, and sale of the public
domain, and the Issuingof titles theref r, whether
derived from confirmations ol grouts mado by
former Governments, by sales, donations, of
grants for schools, military bounties, or public
Irnnrovements. and likewise the revision of Vir
ginia military bounty-land claims, and the Issu
ing of scrip In 1 eu thereof. The Land Office,
also, audits its own accounts. Tin present Com
missioner is Joseph S. Wilson. Its principal
officers are a Recorder, Chief Clerk, who also
acts as Coram ssloner ad interim, lrl cipal Clerk
ot Surreys, besides a Draughtsman, Assis ant
Dru ghtS!oan,and Borne 110 Clerks of various
grades.
2d Pensions The present head of this bureau
Is George O. Whiting, ot Virginia. The Coin
nils loner is iharged w th the examlnat'on am
adjudication of all claims arising under the va
nous aid numerous laws passed by Congress
granting bounty land or pensions for the mili
tary or naval servics In the revolutionary nnd
ubsequent wars in which the United btates have
been engaged He Las one Chief Clerk, (John
llobb, Esq ,) aod a permanent corps, c nslstlng
ot 6ome seventy o her Clerks.
3d. Indians. Commissioner of Indian Atlalrs,
A. B. Greenwood, of Arkansas Hd is provided
with a Chief O erk, and about fifteen other sub
ordinate Clerks.
4th. Patent Office Hon. Philip V. Thomas, of
Maryland, Commissioner of Pa'ents. To this
bureau la committed tbe execution and perform
ance of all " acts and things touching and re
Bpccting the granting and Issuing of pa ents for
new and useful discoveries, inventions, nnd lm
provemen s;" th collection of stttlsllcs rela
l'g to agriculture; the collection and dlstrlbu
ton of te'ds, plants, and cuttings. It bns a
Chi f Clerk who Is by law the acting Commis
sioner of Patents In the absence of the Commis
sioner twelve principal and twelve assistant
Examiners of Patents, some dozen subordinate
permanent Clerks, besides n consld rabid num
ber ot temporary employees. Samu 1 Tt Shu
grrt, Esq., Chief Clerk.
An act passed at the last session of Congress
prov ded that all books, maps, charts, and other
publications, heretofore deposited in tbe De
partment of State, according to the laws regula
t ng copyrights, should be removed to the De
partment of tho Interior, which Is charged with
all the duties connected with matters perfainin
to copyright; which duties have been assigned
by the Secretary of the Interior to the Patent Of
fice, as belonging most appropriately to this
branch of the service.
Uesld s these four principal branches of this
new Executive Department, the organic act of
1849 transferred to It from the Treasury Depart
ment the supervision of the accounts of the Uni
ted States Marshals and Attorneys, and the
Clerks of the United States Court?, the manage
ment of the lead and other mines of the United
States, ni d the affairs of the penitentiary of the
United States in the District of Columbia; and
from the State Department tbe duty of taking
and returning the censuses of the Uni ed States,
nnd of supervising and directing the acts of the
Commissioner of Public Buildings. The Hospi
tal for the insane of the irniy and navy and of
the District of Columbia Is also under the man
agement of this Department; in addition to
which, by laws receully passed, the Secretary of
the Interior is charged with the construction of
the three wagon roads leading to the Pacific
coast
Under act of February 5, 1859, " providing for
keeping and dls iliutlug all public documents,
all tho books, documents, ke , printed or pur
chased by the Government," the Annals of Con
gress, American State Papers, Atncrlcnn Ar
ch res, Jefferson's Mid Adams's Works, are
transferred to this Department from the Mite
Departme it, Library of Con ress, nnd elsewhere ;
also, the Journal and Documents of he Thirty
filth Congress. These valuable works are dis
trib ited to those who are by law entitled to re
ceive tbem, and to such " colleges, public libr -ries,
alhenxums, literary and scientific institu
tions, boards of trade, or public bssoilalions,"
as shall be designated by tbe members of Con
gress. The Di partnient requires an additional build
ing for its accommodation, aud the erection of
one has been repeatedly recommended during
the last few ears for that purpose. At present,
the Pension Olhic i prov idi d with rooms in what
Is known as " Wiuder's Building," while tho
other branches (f the Department, including the
Secretary's uftlce, are all crowded into the Patent
Office builalug, tne wtole ot which nill be re;
quired at an early day tor the use of the Patent
Office, lor which it was originally intended.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT.
Tho Treasury Department consists of the offi
ces of the Secretary of tho Treasury, two Corap
tro'lers, Commissioner of the Customs, six Au
ditors, Treasurer, Register, Solicitor, Light-house
Board, and Coast Surrey.
The following is a brief Indication of the duties
of these several offices, and of the force employed
therein, respectively:
Secretary's Office Hon. Howell Cobb, Secre
tary of tbe Treasury; Hon. Philip Clayton, Assist
ant Secretary; one Engineer In Charge; one
Architect, ami three Draughtsmen temporarily
employed, and twenty-three Clerks. The Secre
tary ot tbe Treasury is charged with the general
supervision of the fiscal transactions of the Gov
ernment, and of the execution of the lane con
cerning the commerce and navigation of the
United States. He superintends tbe survey of
the coast, the l'ght-house establishment, the ma
rine hospitals of tbe United States, and the con
struction of certain public buildings for custom
houses and other purposes
First Comptroller's Office. Hon. William Me
dlll, Comptroller, and fifteen Clerks. Ho pre
scribes the mode of keeping and rendering ac
counts for the civil and diplomatic servile, as
well as the public lands, nnd revises and certifies
tbe balances arising thereon.
Stcond Coinplrollir's Office. J. M. Cults, Esq ,
Comptroller.nnd Beventein Clerks He prescribes
the mode of keenlnc and rendering the accounts
of the Army, Nov), and Indian departments of
the public service, and revises and certifies the
balances arising thereon.
Office of C.mmisiioner of Customs Samuel
Ingham, Eq , Commissioner, and eleven Cleiks
lie prescric.es tue moao oi Keeping anu rcnuering
the accounts of the customs, revenue, and dis
bursements, and for the building and repairing
custom-houses, Ac , and revises and certifies the
balances arising thereon.
First Auditor's Office Thomas L Smith, Esq ,
First Auditor, nnd nineteen Clerks. He receives
and adjustB the accounts of the customs revenue
and disbursements, appropriations and expend
itures on account of the civil list, nnd "under
private acts of Congress, and reports the balances
to the Commissioner of the Customs and the
First Comptroller, respectively, for their decision
thereon.
Second Auditor's Office Thomas J. D Fuller,
Second Auditor, and twenty-one Clerks. He re
ceives and adjusts all accounts relating to the
pay, clothing, and recruiting of the army, as well
aBtftrworles, arsenals, and ordnance, and all ac
counts relating to the Indian department, and
reports the balances to the Second Comptroller,
for his decision thereon.
Third Auditor's Office Robert J. Atkinson,
Esq, Ihlrd Auditor, and seventy-eight Clerks
He receives and adjusts all accounts tor subsist
ence of the army, iortifications, Military Acad
emy, military roads, and the Quartermaster's de
partment, as well as tor pensions, claims arising
Irom military Birvices previous t 1810, and for
ho sea and oiher property lost in the uulllarj
service, under various acts of Congress, and re
ports tbo balances to the Second Comptroller, fir
his decision thereon.
iieirlA lucfilor'i Office. A. J O'Uannon, Esq ,
Tourth Auditor, and sixteen Clerks. He receives
and adjusts all accounts for the service ot the
Navy Department, and reports the balances to
the Second Comptroller, for his decision thereon.
Fifth Auditor's Office. Bartholomew Fuller,
Esq , Filth Auditor, and six Clerks. He re
ceives and adjusts all accounts tor diplomatic
and similar services performed under the direc
tion of the State Department, nnd regmrts the
balances to the t irst Comptroller, tor his decision
thereou.
Sixth Auditor's Office. Ur Thomas M. Tate,
Auditor of the Treasury for tbe Post Office De
partment, and one huudred and fourteen Clerks.
He receives and adjusts all accounts arising from
the service of the Post Office Department. His
decisions are finnl, unless an appeal be taken In
twelve months to the First Comptroller. Ho
superintends the collection of all debts due the
Post Office Department, and all penalties and
forfeitures Imposed on postmasters and mail con
tractors for falling to do their duty ; he directs
suits ami legal proceedings, civil and criminal,
and takes all such measures as may be author
ized by law to enforce the prompt payment of
moneys due to the Department; Instructing Uni
ted btates attorneys, marshals, and clerks, on all
matters relating thereto; and receives returns
from each term of the United States courts, of the
condition and progress of such suits and legal
proceedings; has charge of all lands and other
property assigned to the United States In pay
ment of debts dne tbe Post Office Department,
and has power to sell and dispose of the same
for the benefit of the Uolted States.
Treasurer's Office Samuel Casey, Esq , Treas
urer, and thirteen Clerks. He receives and keeps
the moneys of the United States in bis own
ofiico, nnd that of tho depositories created by the
act of the 6th of August, 1840, and pays out tho.
Bamo upon warrants drawn by the Secretary of
the Treasury, countersigned by the First Comp
troller, and upon warrants drawn by tbe Post
master General, and countersigned by tho Sixth
Auditor, nnd recorded by the Register. He also
holds public moneys advanced by warrant to
disbursing officers, and pays out tho snmo upon
their cheeks.
Register's Office rinley Bigger, Esq , Register,
nnd twenty -nine Clerks. He keeps the accounts
of public receipts and expenditures ; receives
tho returns and mokes out the official statement
of commerce and navigation of the United States ;
and receives frum the First Comptroller and
Commissioner of Customs all accounts and
vouchers decided by them, and is charged by
law with their safe keeping.
Solicitors Office Hon. Junius Hillyer, Solicitor,
nnd six Clerks. He superintends all civil suits
commenced by the Uniled States, (except those
artsino in the Post Office Department,) and instructs
tho United States attorneys, marshals, and
clerks, in nil matleis relating to them and their
results He receives returns from each term of
the United States courts, showing the progress
and condition of such suits ; has charge ot all
lands nnd other property assigned to the United
States in payment of debts, except those assigned
in payment of debts due the I'osi Office Department,)
and La. power to sell and dispose of the Bame
Tor the benefit of the United States.
Bight-House Board Hon Howell Cobb, Sec
retary of the Treiury, ex-officio President; Com
W. B. Shtibrlek, 1'nlted States Navy, Chairman ;
Commander E. U. Tilton, United States Navy;
Major A. II. Bowman, Corps of Engineers, Uni
ted States Army ; Cnpt. A. A. Humphreys, Corps
Topographical Engineers, United States Army;
Prof. Joseph Henry, Secretary of the Smith
sonian Institution ; Prof. A. D. Bache, Super
intendent of the Coast Survey ; Commander Ra
phael Semmes, Uniled States Navy, and Captain
W. r. Hniltn, ejorpa Topographical engineers,
United Scales Army, members, the last two being
also Secretaries ; and fire Clerks. This board
directs tho building and repairing of light
houses, light-vessels, beacons, and buoys, con
tracts for supplies, and governs tho personnel of
the establishment.
United States Coast Survey Professor A. D.
Bache, LL. D , Superintendent, and Superintend
ent of Weights and Measures.
Capt. William R. Palmer, Corps Topographical
Engineers, United States Army, in charge of the
Coast Survey Office ; Lieut A. P. Hill, United
states Army, Assistant.
Assistant W.
Trowbridge, computer of
longitudes.
Assistant Chas
putlog division
Assistant L F.
division.
A. Schott, in charge of com
Pourtales, In charge of tidal
Lieut Thomas Wilson, United States Arm,
in charge of drawing division.
Mr. Edward Wharton, acting in charge of en
graving division
Lieut John R. Smead, United States Army, in
charge of miscellaneous divisions. .
Samuel Ilein, Disbursing Agent.
George Mathiot, Electrotpist.
Joseph Saxton, Assistant to Superintendent of
Weights and Measures.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT.
Hon. Joseph Holt, Postmaster General. The
direction nnd management of the Post Office De
partment are assigned by the Constitution nnd
laws to tbe Postmaster General. That Its busi
ness may be the more conveniently arranged and
prepared lor his final action, it is distributed
among several bureaus, as lollows : The Ap
pointment Ulllcc, in charge oi me rirsi Assistant
Postmaster General; the Contract Office, In
charge of the Second Asslstaut Postmaster Gen
eral , the Finance Office, In chargo of tbe Third
Assistant Postmaster General ; and tbe Inspec
tion OfficCj'in charge of the Chief Clerk.
Appointment Office Horatio King, Esq, Tirsl
Assistant Postmaster General, and nineteen
Clerks To this office are assigned all questions
wbieb relate to tho establishment and discon
tinuance of post offices, changes ot sites and
names, appointment and removal of postmasters
and route and local nglnts, as also the giving
of Instructions to postmasters. Postmasters are
furnished with marking and rating stamps and
letter balances by this bureau, which is charged
also with providing blanks and stationery for
the use ot tbe Department, and with tbe superin
tendence of the several agencies established for
suppljlng postmasters with blanks To this
bureau Is likewise assigned the supervision of
tbe ocean mall steamship lines, and of the foreign
and International postal arrangements.
Contract Office William II. Dundas, Esq,
Second Assistant Postmaster General, nnd twenty-six
clerks. To this office is assigned the
business of arranging tho mall servile of the
United Slates, and placing tbe same under con
trait, embracing all correspondence and proceed
ings respecting the frequency of trips, mode of
conveyance, and times ol departures and arri
vals on all the routes; tbe course of tbe mail
between the dltlereut sections of the country,
the points of mail distribution, and the regula
tions for the government of tho domestic mail
service of tho Uniled States. It prepares the
advertisements for null proposals, receives the
bid, aud take charge of the annual and occa
sional mall lcttings, and the adjustment nnd exe
cution of the cunt! aits All applications for
tbe establishment or alteration of mall arrange
ments, nnd the appointment of Mail Messengers,
Bhould be sent to this office. All claims should
be submitted to it for transportation service not
under e ontract, as the recognition of said service
is first to be obtained through the Contract
Office, as a necessary authority for the proper
credits at tbe Auditor's Office. From this office
all postmasters at the ends of routes receive the
statement of mail arrangements prescribed lor
tho respectivo routes It reports weekly to tho
Auditor all contracts executed, nnd all orders
allectlng accounts for mall transportation ; pre
pares the statistical exhibits of the mall service,
and tbe reports of the mail tellings, giving a
statement of each bid ; also, of the. contracts
made, the new service originated, the curtail
ments ordered, and the additional allowances
granted within the year.
Finance Office. A. N. Zcvely, Eej , Third As
sistant Postmaster General, anj twenty-one
clerks. To this office are assigned the supervis
ion and management of the financial business
of the Department, not devolved by law upon
the Auditor, embracing accounts with the draft
offices and other depositaries of the Department,
the Issuing of warrants and drafts In payment
of balances reported by tbe Auditor to be due to
mall contractors and other persons, the lupervis
ion of the accounts of offices under orders to
deposit their quarterly'balances at deslgna'ed
points, and the superintendence of the rendition
by postmasters of their quarterly returns of
postages. It has charge of the Dead-Letter
Office, of the issuing of postage stamps and
stamped envelopes for the pro-payment of post
age, nnd of the accounts connected therewith.
To the Third Assistant Postmaster General all
postmasters should direct their quarterly returns
of postage; those at draft offices, their letters
reporting quarterly the net proceeds of their
offices ; and those at depositing offices, their cer
tificates of deposit ; to film should also be di
rected tbe weekly and monthly returns of the
depositaries of tbe Depstlment, as well ns all
applications and receipts lor postage stands and
stamped envelopes, and for dead letters.
Inspection Office. Benj N. C'emcntJ, Esq ,
Chief Clerk, and seventeen clerk). To this office
is assigr'd tbe duty ot receiving and examining
the registers of tlie arrival i and departures uf
the malls, certificates o' the servlie of route
agents, and reports cf mail failures ; of noting
the delinquencies of contractors, and preparing I
cases theteon for the action of the Postmaster I
General; furnishing blinks t.-e mull registers, I
and reports 'of mail failures; providing and ;
sending out mail bags an I mail locks and keys,
ana doing alt oilier things wblcn may be neies
sary to sccuro a f.ltlitul and exact performance
of nil mail contracts.
All cases of mail depredation, of violation of
law by private expresses, or by the forging or
illegal use of postage stam s, ore under the su
pervision of this office, and should be reported
to It.
All communications respecting Iostmoney,
letteiSf mail depredations, or other violations oi
law, or mail locks and keys, should be directed,
"Chiet Clerk, Post Office Department."
All registers of the arrivals nnd departures of
tbe mails, certificates of the service of route
agents, re orts of mall f ellures, applications for
blank rrghters, and reports of failures, and all
complaints against contractors for irregular or
Imperfect service, should be directed, "Inspection
Office, Post Office Department."
NAVY DniVMVTMEaT.
The Navy Department consists of the Navy
Department proper, being tbe office of tbe Sec
retary and of five bureaus attached thereto, viz :
Bureau of Navy Yards and Docks, Bureau of
Construction, Equipment, and Repair, Bureau of
Provisions and Clothing, Bureau of Ordnance
and Hydrography, and the Bureau of Medicine
and Surgery.
The following is a statement or tbe duties ot
each of these offices, and of the force employed
therein:
Secretary's Office. Hon. Isanc Toucey, Secre
tary of tbe Navy ; Chnrles W. Welsh, Esq ,
Chief Clerk, and eleven Clerks. The Secretary
of the Navy has charge of everjthlbg connected
with the naval Cat-ebllsbnient, nnd the execution
oi all laws relating thereto is intrusted to him,
uud'r the general direction of the President of
the United State, who, by the Constitution, is
Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navj.
All Instructions to commanders of squadrons
and commanders of vessels, all orders of officers,
commissions of officers both in the navy and
marine corps, appointments of comml-sion d
and warrant officers, orders for the enliitment
and discharge of seamen, emanato from the Sec
retary's Office. All the duties of the difierent
bureaus ore perform d under the authority of
the Secretary, and their orders are considered
as emanntlug from him. The generil superin
tendence ot the marine corps Tormt also n part
of the dutjis of tbe Secret rj , and all the orders
of the commandant ot that corps should be ap
proved by him.
Bureau of Ifaiy Yards and Docks Commo
dore Joseph Smith, Chief of tbe Bureau, four
Clerks, onoCivil Engineer,nnd one Draughtsman
All the nnvyjards, docks, and wharves, build
ings and machinery In navy yards, nnd every
thing Immediately connected vvitli them, art
under the superintendence of this bureau It l
also charged with the management of the Naval
As)lum
Bureau of Construction, Equipment, and Itt
pair. John Lentball, Eq , Chiet of the Bureau,
eight Clerks, nnd one Draughtsman The office
of the Engineer-ln-chlif of the Navy, Samuel
Archbold, Esq , Is attached to this bureau, who
is assisted by thrie assistant engineers. This
bureau has charge of the building and repairs of
all vessils of war, purchase of materials, and the
providing of all vessels with their equipments,
as sails, anchors, water tanks, .tic. The Engl-neer-in-chlcf
superintends the construction of
all marine steam engines for the navy, and, with
the approval of the Secretary, decides upon plans
for their construction.
Burtau of Proastons and Clothing H. Bridge,
Purser United States Navy, Chief of Bureau, and
four Clerks. All provisions for tho use of the
navy, and clothing, together with the making of
contracts fur furnishing the same, como under
the chargo of this bureau.
Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography Capt.
Duncan Ingrahnin, Chief of Bureau, tour Clerks,
and one Draughtsman. This bureau has charge
of nil ordnance and ordnance store, the manu
facture or purchase of cannon, guns, powder
shot, shells, ic , and the equipment of vessels
of war, with everj thing connected therewith. It
also provldis them with maps, charts, ihroiiom
clers, barometers, Ac , together with such books
ns are furnished ships of war " The Pulled
btates Navnl Observatory and llydrographical
Office" ut Washington, nnd the Naval Academy
at Annapolis, aie also under the general super
intendence of the Chief ot this Bureau.
Bureau f Medicine an I Surjeru Dr. William
Whelau, burgeon United States Navy, Chief of
Bureau ; one Passed Assistant Surgeon United
Slates Nil, nnd two Clerks. Everything rela
ting to medicines and medical stores, treatment
of sick and wounded, and management of bos-
El till 3, comes within the superintendence of this
urcau.
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Hon. J. B. Tloyd, Secretary of War, W. It.
Drinkard, Chief Clerk, seven Clerks, two Mes-
... - -TTii r
iiATfcfc W ADVEniiTiiQ.
One square, three days ....$1 00
One square, four days 1.23
One square, fire days i I Sd
One square, six days US
One square, two weeks .....j2.75
One square, three weeks. ,v X? a 50
One square, one month i 0d
Onojiquare, three months 10 00
One square, six months 1000
One square, one year 30.00
Every other day and once a week advertise
ments, fifty per cent, advance on the above, a
Inserted ns reading m itter, ten cents a line.
Church and other notices, and wants, twenty
five cents for each insertion.
Ten lines or less constitute n square.
sengers, and one Laborer. The following bu
reaus aro attached to this Department.
Commanding Generate Office This Office, fit
the brad of which is Lieutenant General Scott,
is nt New York.
Aifutant Oenerats Office Col. Samuel Coop
er, Adjutant General. Assistants Major E. D.
Townee nd, Major W. A. Nichols, Capt 8. Wil
liams, and Capt. J P. Qaresche; Judge Advo
cate, Major John F. Lee; ten Clerks and one
Messenger. In this office are kept all tbe records
which refer to tbe personnel of the army, the
rolls, &c. It Is hern that all military commis
sions are made out.
'Quartermaster Oenrrafs Office. Brevet Major
General T. S. Jrsup, Quartermaster General.
Assistants Major E. S. Sibley, Brevet Major II.
C. Wayne, and Brevet Major J. Belgcr ; eleven
Clerks and one Messenger.
Paymaster Oenerats Office Col. B. P. Larned,
Paymaster General, Lieut. Col. T. P. Andrews,
District Paymaster; seven Clerks and one Mes
senger. Commissary Oenerats Oylce General George
Gibson, Commissary General ; Assistant, Capt
A. E. Shtras ; six Clerks and one Messenger.
Surgeon Generate Office Gen. Thomas Law
eon, burgeon General ; Assistant, Dr. R. G. Wood ;
three Clerks and one Messenger.
Engineer Office Gen. Joseph G. Tolten, Chief
Engineer; Assistant, Captain II. G. Wright; five
Clerks and one Messenger.
Topographical Bureau Col. J. J.Abert, Colo
nel of the Corps ; Assistant, Capt. I. C. Wood
ruff; five Clerks and one Messenger.
Ordnance Bureau Col. II. K. Craig, Colonel
of Ordnance; Assistant, Capt. William Mayna
dier; eight Clerks and one Messenger.
AT FRANCIS'S
HOUSE-FURNISHING STORE,
4'JO Secenth street,
OU can find a complete assortment of House
keeping Hardware, Cutlery, bilver-plated
Ware, Britannia, Block Tin, and Japanned Ware,
Door Mats, Table Mats, Feather Dusters, Clocks,
nnd all the useful articles for Housekeeping,
together with Ladies' Snfhels, Card Coses,
Purses, Tans, Combs, Brushes, Baskets, ic,
&i , all seleited with great care, bought for
cash, and will be sold at tbe very lowest prices.
Punhusers will do well to remember
FRANCIS'S
House-Furnl'hlng Store, No. 490 Seventh street
nov- 2C
"LINCOLN STOMACH BITTERS."
ONLY sold nt the store of W. Gerccke, No.
49J Eighth street, below Pennsylvania
avenue. Also, a great supply just Imported of
Swttz and Llnburg Cheese, Sardelles, Sardines,
Holl. Herrings, &c. for .ale. QmEm&
LADD, WEBSTER, L CO.'S
IMPROVED TIGHT-STITCH SEWING
MACHINES.
A few of the many reasons why these Sewing
Machines are preferred above all others.
1. They are remarkably simple la their con
struction. A child ran operate them, and
understand the mechanism.
2. They are the strongest Sewing Machine
made. It is almost Impossible to break or get
Ibcin out of order.
J. They aro sure in their operation; finishing
the work in a uniformly perfect manner.
4. They mako a tight lock-stitch, alike on both
rides of the work, which cannot be unravelled.
6. They sdi'cA, hem, bind, fell, run, and gather,
vithout basting.
I,, They sew equally well the lightest and the
htaii'st fabrics.
7. 1 hey sew over the heanest seams without
ihanglug tbe tension or breaking the finest
threat.
8. They use any No. of Cotton, Thread, or
Silk, directly from the spool.
it. They use u straight needle; curved ones
aro liable to break.
10. The needle baa a perpendicular motion.
This is absolutely necessary for heavy work.
11. They have a wheel fled; none others are
In constant eontact with the work.
12. They run easily and almost noiseless.
l.i. They are not liable to oil the dress of the
operator.
14. They do not require a screw-driver to set
the needle.
15 They do not have to be taken apart to oil
or clean.
10. Tbev do not form rldgeB on tbe under side
of the work, nor ravel out, nor are they woste-
t nl ot thread, as is tbe case wun au cnain-smen
machines.
17. They are capable of doing a greater range
of work, and In a more perfect manner, than any
other Sewing Machine, as Is proved by the result
ot our challenge tot a trial, which has never been
accepted.
LADD, W i:u3ti:r, & CO.,
J 18 Pennsylvania avenue,
nov J! Janney's Store.
THE UNION WILL STAND, NO MATTER
WIIOS PRESIDENT!
CONSEQUENTLY, I shall remain in Wash
ington, and continue to pursue my occu
pation ot HOUSE, SIGN, and ORNAMENTAL
PAINTING. Gliding In all its branches. Old
Glazing promptly attended to. Painting and
Ornamenting Cottage Furniture In the best
style I also call attention to the Painting of
Roots and Brick Walls.
All of tbe above I will do as cheap as the
cheapest. I therefore solicit the patronage of
my friends and fellow citizens of the District.
Punctuality strictly observed, and work done in
the bist manner.
Von will pletse mind your stops, and stop at
l T PARKER'S Painting Establishment, No, 531
5ull 53111 Louisiana avenue, north slie, be
tween Sixth and Seventh streets.
P. S Signs put up free of charge, as usual.
nov 2u
STURUOTYPU FOUNDRY,
Corner of Indiana avenue ami &cowJ strtet,
Waihinyton, 1). C.
TQVT'v
BOOKS, Pamphlets, Wood Engravings, and
Jobs ot all kinds, Stereotyped to order. A
variety of Business Cuts on hand, for sale, cheap
for cash. 0. W. MURRAY, Stereotyper.
