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THE CITIZEN
TUCSO 3NT., ARIZONA
Saturday, February 11, '71
Ominous Pesquiera and His Offi
cial Conduct.
Much df our space is given to the
correspondence of the Arizona and So
nora Executives, the subject matter
being of vital interest to our citizens
without regard to "race or color."
The position talcen by Gov. Pesquiera
partends nothing but increased crime
on or near our southern border. The
plain interpretation of his insincere
language is this : " Mexican subjects,
go over into Arizona and rob and
murder American citizens in detail or
in large bodies, and be sure to make
good your escape to Sonora, and I,
Governor thereof, will protect you from
punishment." "Whatever may be Pes
quiera' s motives, his deliberately writ
ten words mean encouragement to in
creased murder and pillage of Ameri
can citizens on American soil. When
addressed by Gov. Safford, on the sub
ject, in 1869, his reply evaded the im
portant point at issue, and in this later
correspondence, he did not evade it,
but proved himself in full sympathy
with the Mission . Camp murderers
and, by just inference, all others guil
ty of like crimes.
American citizens of whatever na
tionality should thank Pesquiera for
so unmistakeably advising them of the
' danger they are in by his friends and
fellow citizens, but can have only con
tempt for him in falsely stating the
terms of a treaty which the Mexican
nation agreed to in 1861. He asserts
his regret that the treaty frevents him
from surrendering Mexican citizens,
whereas it simply does not Mnd him to
do so. His professions of regret and
friendliness, as well as anxiety to pun
ish such crimes as the ones in point,
sire basely insincere, while Governor
Safford's are frank and bear every evi
dence of a determine! purpose to aid
in punishing criminals of American as
well as Mexican citizenship.
The whole matter will be referred
to Washington, and as our govern
ment has lost all patience with the
defiant system of smuggling practised
by Mexicans and the defense of them
by the Mexican authorities, and in
tends to compel an honest course in
this respect, we have hope that Pes
quiera may soon be induced to peacea
bly or forcibly aid in the suppression
of crime as above referred to, or retire
from the office he disgraces, and let
some one take his place having the
courage and determination to do right.
Enlarged Jurisdiction.
Heretofore suits involving over $ 100,
00 could be tried in the Districb court
only ; now all under 300,00 can be
in courts of justices of the peace.
Parties liable to have litigation on
their hands as well as justices of the
peace, are interested in this fact. The
bill conferring this increased power
on justices of peace has been signed by
the Governor, and we regard the law
one of the best yet enacted by the pres
ent legislature.
Undeb the new army bill, 150 offi
cers have resigned, about that many
have been honorably discharged, and
100 have gone out on the supernumer
ary list. Jan. 10th, the rank and file
of the army numbered 35,332, and
must be reduced, under the law, by
July 1, to 30,000.
The Legislative Assembly of Arizo
na will hereafter meet on the first
Tuesday after the first Monday in
January, in pursuance of a laAV just
ttuaoted.
A pbitate letter from the east says
Herman Bendell, the Supt. of Indian
Affairs for Arizona, " is from Albany,
X. Y., and is a young, gentlemanly
fellow of good character."
Latest dates from Prescott are to Jan.
21. Mails of Jan. 28 and Feb. 4 overdue.
Quite certainly they have gone to Califor
nia in a through sack. Very bad mistake.
Mail Agent Dawley goes north Monday.
Read new ad. of Bickers & Ailing, ample
variety, and will be opened for sale next
Monda'. Goods direct from Chicago, via
California.
EXTRADITION TREATY WITH
MEXICO.
Attempt and Failure to malce it Available
in the Capture of Criminals Sonora
Authorities construe it to Encourage Mur
der of American Gitrxns Official Cor
respondence thereon Transmitted to loth
Brandies of the Arizona Legislature.
TERKITORY OF ARIZONA,
Executive Department,
Tucson, Feb. 7, 1871.
In consequence of the brutalnurder
of three citizens at Mission ICamp
Station, on the 24th day of Dec. 1S70,
and the pillage of nearly all the mov
able property belonging to them and
others at the Station, by three Mexi
cans subjects named Pedro Pino, To
mas Sanchez and Jesus Ortega, and
their subsequent escape to Sonora ; and
also, in view of the frequent commis
sion of crimes of a similar character
by persons of the same nationality,
who have invariably escaped to Sonora,
in Mexico,and in no instance within my
knowledge has punishment ensued in
consequence of the perpetration of said
crimes,I deemed it my duty to exert eve
ry power which I possessed, to cause the
apprehension, conviction and punish
ment of the Mission Camp murderers ;
and, I have been strengthened in the
necessity of such action by the con
stant robberies that have been perpe
trated along the Gila River, by bands
of outlaAvs from Sonora, since the Mis
sion Camp murders were committed;
and which have already resulted in
the loss to our citizens, of about one
hundred horses and mules, and caused
general alarm for the security of life
and property.
Therefore, in addition to offering a
reward of 1,000,00 for the apprehen
sion of said mission camp murderers, I
appointed George Cooler my agent,
and placed in his hands a warrant to
arrest and bring them before the court
of the first Judicial District of this
Territory to be examined on a charge
of murder: also,
tne trovernor ot the orate ci sonora
for their surrender to him.
I herewith forward, for your infor
mation, the report of my agent, also
two communications from His Excel
lency, I. Pesquiera, Governor of the
State of Sonora.
You will be informed by the report
and the communications that the Gov
ernor of Sonora refuses to surrender
Mexican subjects who commit crimes
upon the soil of the United States, and
assigns as a reason for such action
that he is prohibited from doing so by
the VI Art. of the treaty between the
United States and Mexico, signed at
the City, Mexico, December llth.lSOl,
which reads as follows :
" Neither of the contracting par
ties shall be bound to deliver up its
own citizens under the stipulations of
this treaty."
While I readily concede that neither
of the contracting parties are bound to
surrender its own citizens, yet 1 be
lieve a liberal and fair construction of
said article leaves it optional with
either government to do so or not.
It is, and has been, my desire to
promote the most friendly relations
with the neighboring State of Sonora,
and it has also been my purpose to
co-operate Avith the authorities of that
State in securing, if possible, the pun
ishment of the outlaws that depre
date upon the people of Sonora and
Arizona. Moved by these considera
tions, I addressed a communication to
the Governor of the State of Sonora,
on the 12th day of October, 1S69, ask
ing for co-operation against the Apa
che Indians, and also, these bands of
outlaws. In that correspondence, I
made use of this language :
"Bobberies and murders are of fre
quent occurrence in this Territory, and
most of the criminals either escape, or
endeavor to do so, to Sonora. 1 pre
sume your State is infested with simi
lar bands of outlaws. It is for the
mutual interest of your State and this
Territory that these criminals be
brought to justice. I desire to assure
your Excellency that I will exert the
full powers with which I am vested,
to aid in capturing and punishing any
criminals that may escape from Sonora
to this Territory, feeling confident
that you will reciprocate."
I also addressed a communication
to the Governor of Sonora, dated Jan.
2d, 1871, referring particularly to the
Mission Camp murders, in which I
used the following language :
"For the safety of the lives and pro
perty of the citizens of Arizona and
Sonora, it is important that these crim
inals shall be brought to justice and
punishment, and I hope and trust yon
will render all the assistance in your
power to aid in their apprehension
and delivery to justice, assuring your
Excellency, if opportunity offers, I
will reciprocate in like manner, and
believe that by ob-operation these law
less bands of desperadoes, who flee
from one government to the other for
safety, may be broken up."
It now appears by the communica
tions from the Governor of Sonora,
herewith submitted, that he considers
himself prohibited by the terms of the
treaty, from surrendering Mexican
subjects who commit crimes upon our
soil, and thereby establishes the fact,
that outlaws and desperadoes can
commit depredations upon the inhab
itants of Arizona, and within a few
hours afterwards escape beyond the
limits of the Territory, where (up to
the present time), they have been se
cure from punishment.
This condition of affairs is produc
ing" alarm and arousing a disposition
of resentment among our people quite
deplorable, and ought to be removed
if possible. I hope you will carefully
consider the matter in its broadest
sense, and take such action as may
seem advisable in the premises.
A. P. K. S AFFORD,
Governor.
Republic of Mexico,
Constitutional Government of the State
of Sonora, Hermosillo, Jan. 21, 1871.
The government of the State has re
ceived and is informed of the contents
of the requisition of the 2nd instant,
sent here by the Governor of the Ter
ritory of Arizona (U. S.,) for delivery
to the Commissioner, George Cooler,
the supposed criminals who appear to
be Mexicans, Pedro Pino, Tomas San
chez aiid Jesus Ortega, accused as be
ing the authors of the crime of murder
committed on the persons of Charles
Reidt, James Ly tie and Thomas Oli
ver, at a point called "Mission Camp
Station," in -the Territory of Arizona,
and also accusing them of having
dangerously wounded the wife of
Charles Reidt, by shooting her, and
then stealing the personal property
including five horses.
The government of Sonora is ani
mated by a desire to gratify that of
Arizona, that the supposed criminals,
requisition upon i who appear to be Mexicans, should be
delivered to said Territory m accord
ance with the aforesaid requisition. I
have to regret that they cannot at this
time conform to these requests, as they
are prevented by Article VI., Section 2
of the Extraditionary Treaty made be
tween the United States of Mexico,
and the United States of America, on
the 11th of April, 1861, which section
reads as follows :
" Neither of the contracting parties
are bound by the stipulations of
this Treaty to make delivery of
their common citizens."
In consequence, and as the Commis
sioner George Cooler has verbally in
formed this government that he be
lieves the supposed criminals to be
Mexican citizens, the government can
not deliver them in contravention of
the prescribed law as quoted, but
would feel much satisfaction in know
ing of a certainty that the criminals
wore not Mexican citizens, as thus
would be destroyed the only obstacle
in the way of gratifying the request
of the Governor of Arizona.
1 si vail myself of the opportunity to
offer considerations of respect and ap
preciation. Independence and Liberty.
1. PESQUIERA.
HEliilosiLLO, Jan. 20. 1871.
To his Excellency A. P. K. Safford,
Governor of the Territory of Arizo
na, Tucson U. S. of America.
My Dear Sir: Notwithstanding
that I manifest to you, in my official
communication of this date, that it is
not possible to proceed in the extradi
tion cf the supposed criminals, to
which, you refer in your favor of the
2d inst., delivered to me by Mr. Coo
ler, and as I am also interested that
these persons should be brought to
justice, and punished with all the rigor
of the law, if found guilty, 1 have
thought best to address myself to the
Supreme National Government, the
only one in the present case, who can
give consenr to the above mentioned
extradition, and who can authorize me
to act in similar cases, when it is re
quired bythe corresponding authority
of this Territory.
So soon as I receive from Mexico
the result solicited, I will make you a
participant in the intelligence, for I
am not less interested than yourself
that crime committed by Mexicans
within the Territory of the U. S.
should be punished.
Pray accept, Governor, the regard
and esteem of
Your Attentive and Ob't S'v't,
I. PESQUIERA.
Tucson, A. T., Feb. 4th, 1871.
To his Excellency, A. P. K. Safford,
Governor of Arizona Territory, at
Tucson A. T.
Your Excellency: Pursuant" to
your instructions contained in my ap
pointment dated 2nd January, 1871, as
agent to Governor Pesquiera, for the
apprehension of the murderers of
Charles Reidt, James Lytle and
Thomas Oliver, I respectfully submit
the following report.
I proceeded from this place to Altar
in Sonora, where I ascertained that
one of the murderers, Jesus Ortega
(alias El Blanco) was at Cavorca, 21
miles below Altar ; the Prefect of Al
tar district issued an order for his ar
rest, at my request, but I have not
been informed of his capture up to the
present time.
I next went to Ures, by way of Her
mosillo. I met Governor Pesquiera on
the roadmen route to Hermosillo ; he
referred the whole matter to the Sec
retary of State, at Ures, who issued a
Circular to all the Prefects to have th"
criminals arrested if found in their
districts, but declined to give me an
order for them. I returned to Hermo
sillo where I had several interviews
with Governor Pesquiera who refused
to take any action in the matter furth
er than to have the criminals arrested
and held in confinement until he could
lay the matter before the general gov
ernment at the City of Mexico.
I informed Governor Pesqueira
through his secretary that Pedro Pino
and Tomas Sanches, alijs Pardo, had
been trailed to San Miguel, by men
hired by me for that purpose, and that
they intended to remain there until
the excitment caused by their crimes
died away. The secretary at once
issued an order to the President of San
Miguel to arrest the criminals, but
with what success I did not learn.
I reported the whole matter through
Major' Garrison to the U. S. Consul at
Guaymas, a copy of which you will
please find enclosed marked "A".
I also have the honor to enclose
herewith a statement of my expenses
and those incurred in connection with
my expedition, marked "B ".
With respect I am your Excellency's
humble servant,
GEORGE COOLER.
NEW AD VERTISEMETS.
NEW FIRM! NEW GOODQ
NEW PRICES ! O
BICKERS & ALUMC
II. C. Bickers. Franks. Ailing.
Tucson, A.. T.,
would call the attenion of the
public to a
NEW AND CAKEFULLV SELECTED
. f. 9. 9. H.' '?. f. .9. 9.9. d
CONSISTING OF
COFFEES
Old Government Java, Costa Rica.
Dried and Pre- Canned Fruits,
served Eruits. Jams and J ellies.
Apples, Grapes, Peaches, Apples,
Prunes, Peaches, Plums, Currants,
Malaga Raisins, Raspberries,
Currants, Figs, Blackberries,
Citron, and Strawberries.
Cand'd Orange Peel, Vegetables I
" Lemon " Tomatoes, Green
China Chow-Chow, Corn and Peas, Lima
" Ginger. and String Beans,
Etc Etc Etc. Asparagus, . ..-l:c.
F-R-E-S-H C-R-A-N-B-E-R-R-I-E-S.
SPICES:
Cloves Ginger Nutmeg,
Cinnamon, Allspice,. . . .Black Pepper
and Cavenne.
w. B. HOOPER, I
San Francisco f
A. II. WHITWH.
New Yorlj.
31 T OH TE1VS A ND D EALERS IS
General jVrcvcIiaririifso.
-5
LESALE
13
JLl
J
AND
OTJTTOSTfe
OF
ARIZONA AND THE SURROUNDING
COUNTRY.
-O-
er,
& Co.
GENU, VOMMJSSION MEJiUIIAXT.S,
304 .California Street,
P. O. Drawer, 900, San FitANCiseo.jCal.
181 Broadway, Hew-York.
(P. Box, 2m.)
Jas. M. Barney,
Arizona City.
John S. Care,
Arizcrnn.
PISH, OYSTERS, ETC.
CODFISH, MACKEREL,
SALMON, HERRINGS, SARDINES,
SAN DIEGO RED FISH,
OYSTERS, !
CLAMS, LOBSTERS. j
yp C IEH Ti 1F1 -
CUCUMBERS, BEANS, EGGS ANd
ONIONS. i
Our facilities or purchasing and ar
rangements lor scllingare fully completed
and we now offer to the trade a Full Stock
of Merchandise in each department, com
I prising all articles enquired for, and sala
! ble throughout the Territory.
Meats, ITloiir. 23te
Bacon,
Hani,
Pork,
Shoulders, Etc
Flour,
Corn Meal,
Buckwheat,
Shorts, Etc.
C E IE S E
ORANGE CO., N. Y., CALIFORNIA AND
MEXICAN".
O
Candles,
Coal Oil,
Syrup,
Soap,
Nails,
Powder,
Tobacco,
Segars,
Pipes,
Lard,
Butter,
Eggs,-;
Brooms,
Rice,
Starch,
Blueing,
Hops,
Colored Sugars,
Dry Goods, Clothing, Boots,
Hats, Caps, Blankets,
and various other articles which wc offer
cheap for cash. 18tf
Salaratus, j
Lime Juice, j
Covn Starch,
Soda, I
White and i
Beans, ;
icastrowaers,
Kane Con. Soap i
We sell at small advances for cash, and
are positive that it is to the -benefit ot
every Interior Merchant to bu' of us in
stead of San Francisco or elsewhere
Avoiding the Expenses
arid annoyances of a
LONG AND TEDIOUS J0UENET
Loss of All of Three Mouths Time
NECESSARY TO
receive their purchases, enabling them to
f!nn Viniirnr
Axle Gr'se i increase their profits with the same wr les
Choice! capital invested.
.LIQUORS
for Medicinal
Purposes,
Italian Salad
.Oil,
Frencli "
Etc., Etc.
Shoes
j Orders by letter receive our careful at
tention, the same as though the parties
j were themselves present.
I T
I In a word we guarantee satisfaction
; iu prices, quality, quantity, and assort
ment oi goods.
Currencv and Bullion received at latest
San Francisco quotations, or sold for ac
count of owners, as may be desired. 1-Stf
