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THE GARDEN ISLAND. TUESDAY. MAR. 11, 1919 IS LET US DO ALL YOUR Laundry and WE ARE STILL IN Address Territorial Messenger Service HONOLULU BUCKINGHAM & HECHT j Indian Tan - Wear Guaranteed Shoes for Men These have genuine Indian Tan uppers, and hard Oak soles and heels. Built for thf. out door man, who MUST able, comfortable shoe. $6.50 J We can fit you by mail f I Manufacturers' Shoe Store T HONOLULU 1 w - w f Waimea LIMITED T.ivprv "Riicitipcc AUTOMOBILE ncrwrrM 1 1LII TC Leaving Lihue every Mcfnday, Wednesday and Friday, Leaving Kekaha every Tuesday. Thursday and Saturday. ARRIVING AT THEIR DESTINAT'ON IN THREE HOURS i ALFRED GOMEZ, Manager. Telephone 43 W Waimea Catton, Neill & Co., Ltd. Engineers Workss id and South Streets General Officeus Merchandise Dyt T Qm;en mul Alakea Sta Electrical Iet. f Ha waiia n liepresen tat ives for Jeff re Manufacturing Co's Link Belt Chains Conveying Machinery Pulverizers Algaroba Bean, Lima, Coral, Alfalfa Wffr MICHELIN-FOUNDED-1832 ' jjl II I MICHELIN I I Universal I I ' The New Tire Everyone fwf VSH I I I 1$ Talking About : O H I I I The Non-Skid Tread combine - L AJ I in One Tire all the Advantages fj! ll I I of both the Suction Tread and 3 I I the Raited Tread Typea. jj jr I I Prices Moderate and i l!jJ I II Quality the Bettl I I i - - 1 - - Read The Garden Island Dry Cleaning THE BUSINESS ' have a strong, service- . a pair jj Stables t . - 4 STAGE-LINE 1 ITKAUA P. O. Box 71 CHILD WELFARE KAUAI A SUlf ABLE MILK SUPPLY By the common consent of in itelligeuce und experience, the one jiatural and successful food for infants and children is fresh milk. Such milk, carefully guarded, so that it may be pure, sweet, and of (jood quality this is the prime .necessity for childish well-being. Without this prime necessity the child's chances of life and develop ment are very seriously impaired. There is probably no more seri ous single problem of child wel fare than that of an adequate and suitable milk supply. And it is one which stares most rural com munities in the face, and deserves the most serious attention. In most rural communities it is simply impossible for the ordi nary laboring people to secure milk at any price, for the simple reason that the milk isn't there. Where there is any supply at all, it is entirely inadequate to the needs ; the few get it, the many go without. In the interest of proper sani tation, the milk business has been so hedged about by rules and reg ulations, that the small producers have gone out of business, and milk is now harder to get than it used to be. Those who have had experience, declare that there is "nothing in" the milk business under ordinary conditions, and they are unwilling to undertake it on a commercial basis; and only on such a basis, of course, is it likely to be con ducted for any length of time by private initiative. So vital is milk, however, to the needs of the community, and the health and growth of children, and- so necessary are robust and healthy children to the ultimate welfare of the Islands, that it would seem as though the planta tions ought to turn their attention to the solution of the problem. It would look as though, in this, as in so many other directions, already recognized, the planta tions would have to assume the the place of a sort of special Prov idence and provide the indispen sable milk supply, which no one else can or will. In many ways the plantations are much better equipped than any other agency to handle this business. They have, as a rule, the necessary land for pasture where they could run the cows at no expense; they have the green feed cane tops, alfalfa or other similar feed, which could be fur nished to the dairy at a minimum cost ; they have molasses or sugar bran which would cost them very little; they have the means of transportation, railway or truck, by which these feed stuffs could he delivered at a minimum ex pense; they have the piped water supply, so necessary for the con duct of a sanitary dairy; and last, though by no means least, they have a safe and easy means of collecting bills the monthly pay day. The conduct of such an enter prize is not an absolutely untried experiment. We understand that the Pioneer plantation on Maui, conducted such a dairy business for years and made a Conspicuous success of it. The delivery, of course, is one of the most expensive and dillicult items of the business, and would require special study, especially on places where the camps were scattered, and some of them per haps inaccessible. But as even these camps get the other neces sities of life regularly as they need them, so they could surely also get milk, and perhaps by the same means, in conjunction with store delivery. One of the conditions, that would have to lie' most carefully guarded, would be sanitation and cleanliness, both in the dairy, in the handling of the cows and the milk, and in the treatment of the bottles, which probably could not be trusted to the washing they would be apt to get in the homes. We are assured by those who know that the first pre requisite of success in any such dairy ven ture, would be good milking stock; that it wouldn't be worth while to fool with any other kind. The good stock would cost no more in the keep than poor stock, and would give two or three times as much milk. Such good stock would, of course, involve a very much larger first cost, but would be the cheapest in the end. . The business should be under taken by the plantation on a cost basis, or with the very smallest margin of profit, so that the poor est families might be able to take enough milk to meet the needs of the family; and they should be encouraged to put into milk the money which they now put into other less nutritious and less nec essary things. In the interest of an efficient and abundant labor supply, pres ent and future, and in the interest of a sturdy stock, resistant to di sease, chronic and epidemic, we would recommend the dairy scheme to our intelligent and pro gressive plantations. ! f GOOD WATER FOR THE CHILDREN A careful study of over 50,000 rural homes in the United States, as reported by Dr. Lumsdeu of the U. S. Public Health Service, shows that two great evils are al most universally prevalent. These are the improper disposal of hu man excreta, and the lack of health education. Of the 51,000 homes visited only a little over one per cent were equipped for sanitary dis posal of human excreta. In G8 per cent of these homes, the water used for drinking and cooking purposes was obviously exposed to dangerous contamination from privy contents, or other foul de posits, such as stable yards, pig pens, etc. We fancy that a similar ex amination of our rural communi ties would disclose a similar state of affairs. Plantation communi ties are increasingly well provid ed for in the matter of water sup ply, for most of the camps are equipped with piped water, ob tained from some source, far en ough mauka, to be free from con tamination; and if people will only use the water from the pipe, instead of from some ditch, or stream, or spring, they will be allright. But those rural communities which are not under the patri nrchial and sheltering wing of the plantation, and there are many such their water supply is apt to be very defective and un sanitary. They must depend on the open ditch or stream that Hows past their doors. And this ditch, or stream, is apt to be the drainage channel for the whole district through which it flows. The household drainage of all kinds, as well as that from the stables, pigstays, chicken yards. etc., fiows into, or filters into, the stream, which, in time, becomes the water supply for the people lower down. In some cases, to be sure, some effort is made to protect such streams, in a measure. Occasion ally one sees a sign, ''Tabu. No Washing or Bathing in this Stream." But generally it is a dead letter to which nobody pays any heed. And even if it were not, it would be comparatively fruit less, for the infiltration of house hold and stable drainage is far worse than a little soapsuds or pearl inc. Stream or ditch water, in a populous community, should not he used for domestic purposes, at any rate not for drinking. For tunately, the Orientals, who lar gely occupy these regions, drink mostly weak tea, which means that the water has been boiled and thus rendered safe. But even so, there are manifold occasions when the tea may not be at hand, but the stream "or the ditch are, and the risk is taken. This is practically a problem of child welfare. The elders may realize the danger of stream or ditch water, and many, more or less carefully, guard against it. but the children can hardly be expected to do so; water is water to them, and the clear, cool, spark ling How of a natural stream, or shaded ditch, is just as good, and more palatable, than the boiled water in a bottle or pitcher. The matter of foul, unsanitary deposits, of whatever nature, in close proximity to the commun ity water supply is one which the Board of Health authorities 'hould give careful attention to. As far as possible, and as soon a. possible, at: abundance of pur? vater, free fiom contamination, should be delivered by pipe to every rural community, and to every rural household. In the meantime a rain water supply might be med exclusively for drinking purposes. :0: Americans in Canada Consul Samuel C.Keat, at Cal gary, Alberta, Canada, reports: According to official figures, specially furnished this consulate, the total number of Americans that have taken up residence in the Province of Alberta since 11)05, including five months of the fiscal year lt)18-l!), reaches 275, 093. In 1905 the Province of Al berta was organized, and statis tical information has been kept since that date of the immigration into the three Provinces Manito ba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta, with 220,330 immigrants, and Manitoba third, with only ' 78, 789. The largest immigration in to Alberta from the United States came in 1909-10, and numbered 34,503; the smallest in 1913-19, numbered 5,013. The total population of Alberta in 191G was given officially as 490,525. The British immigration during the 13 years since the Province was organized was 7:5,082, and other than British, 40,282, mak ing a total of 113,3(14, as com pared with 275,093 immigrants of American nationality. The pre dominance of the American im migrant over all other nationali ties is nearly 70 per cent. Assum ing that the propotion of immi grants from the United States re siding in Alberta prior to the or ganization of the Province was about the same as is now existing, the total American population in Alberta today is probably 325,000 out of the entire 490,525 popula tion, or about 05 per cent. Of course, hundreds of Americans have taken up (iovernment laud and have become naturalized, and many hundreds of immi grants have left the United States before they have completed their naturalization there. But the predominance of Americans in Al berta is very marked and this predominance has a directing in fluence upon trade with the Unit ed States. Medical Achievements. Dr. Woods Hutchinson recently gave some remarkable figures relating to the influence of medecine upon the military death rate. By large ly wiping out epidemics phisi cians have kept the death rate among the civil populations of the Allied countries as low as it was before the war, and in some cases lower than it was. By re doubling the care and protection of young children almost as many young lives have been saved as there have been adults killed on the field of battle; so that the populations of the Allied coun tries are about holding their own The control over infected wounds Incomplete Citizens I TVio t nl1r'(n tr llat ara ncrnnna tL'flfl have taken out their first papers (Declaration of Intention) for natura lization at the Circuit Court, Lihue, and who have not, as yet, called for the petitions for second papers, al though entitled to do so, as two years have passed: John Saramento, Kalaheo, Oct. 25,1911 Anton Vasconselles, Koloa, Oct. 28, 1911. Manuel Nunes, Lawai, Dec. 9, 1911. Manuel Corrigidore, Kalaheo, Jan. 6, 1912. Jose Andrade, Kalaheo, Jan. ,6, 1912 Manuel F. Jesus, Kapaa, May 1, 1912. Jose Martins, Kapan, May 1, 1912. Antone Pataca, Kalaheo, May 8, 1912. John Souza, Koloa May 31, 1912. Manuel Vielra, Kalaheo, Sept. 28, 1912. Francisco Gallego, Kalaheo," Nov. 16, 1912. Simao Moita, Kalaheo, Nov. 16, 1912. Antone Teixeira, Kalaheo, Feb. 3, 1913. Francisco Ruiz, Koloa, March 12, 1913. Juan Ruiz, Koloa, March 12, 1913. Manuel Bre.id, Kapaa, April 26, 1913. Joe Correia, Lihue, May 20, 1913. Placido Pare3, Koloa, June 7, 1913. Rieardo Almendros, Koloa, June 7, ' 1.913. Pedro Martinez, Koloa, June 9, 1913. Aitobas Eipin, Koloa, June 9, 1913. Marino Marin, Koloa, June 9, 1913. Miguel Ruiz, Koloa, June 9, 1913. Antonio Marin, Koloa, June 9, 1913. Manuel Blanco, Koloa, June 13, 1913. Felis Gonzales, Koloa, June 13, 1913. Juan Silvan, Koloa, June 13, 1913. Manuel Novareto, Kealia, June 13,1913. Alfonso Remeza, Kealia, June 13, 1913. Cristobal Tejada, Koloa, July 7, 1913. Nicomacles Tejero, Koloa, July 7, 1913. Antone Mansano, Kealia, July 21, 1913. Miguel Melchor, Kealia, July 21, 1913. Manuel Lopez, Kealia, July 21, 1913. Juan Martin, Kealia, Aug. 11, 1913. Antone Ferreira, Kalaheo, Aug 18, 1913. Mrs. Mary Silva! Kalaheo, Sept.,2 1913. Eulojio Martin, Kalaheo, Sept. 24, 1913 Manuel Martins, Makaweli, Oct. 27, Pedro Cabellera, Kalaheo, Dec. 17, 1913. Juan Cascale, Kalaheo, Dec. 17, 1913. Francisco Fernandez, Kalaheo, Dec. 17, 1913. Francisco Ruis, Kealia, Feb. 6, 1914. Gabriel Lopez, Koloa, Feb. 16, 1914. Joao Barera, Kalaheo, July 6, 1914. Jose Galindo, Kealia, Nov. 21, 1914. Lorenzo Rame, Kealia, July 6, 1915. Rubustiano Sanchez, Kealia, July 6, 1915. Francisco Lazaro, Kealia, Aug. 6, 1915. Enriques Blanco, Kalaheo, Aug. 13, 1915. Anton Faria, Eleele, Oct. 22, 1915. Jose Mora, Eleele, Nov. 27, 1915. Manuel Quintal, Eleele, Dec. 9, 1915. Francisco Rodriguez, Lihue, Jan. 11, 1916. Fidel Santiago, Koloa, Jan. 12, 1916. Juan Vegas, Kealia, Jan. 29, 1916. Antone Nabla, Kapaa, Feb. 7, 191-6. Joso Capitan, Kealia, Jan. 7, 1916. Manuel Vallejo, Kealia, Feb. 9, 1916. Francisco Silva, Kealia, May 3, 1916. Francisco Aguiar, Kapaa, May 3, 1916. Jose Silva, Kapaa, May 3, 1916. Jose Gouveia, Kealia, Sept. 20, 1916. Jose de Souza, Kealia, Sept 20, 1916. Jeraldina Ilerrero, Kealia, Sept. 25, 1916. Pedro Hernandez, Kealia, Sept. 25, 1916. Cosimina Sanchez, Kalaheo, Sept. 30, 1916. Francisco Jitninez, Koloa, Dec. 1, 1916. Antonio Brlz, Kekaha, Dec. 8, 1916. Serafino Corral, Kalaheo, Dec. 8, 1916. Manuel Corral, Kalaheo, Dec. 8, 1916. Antolin Corral, Kalaheo, Dec. 8, 1916. Tomas Martin, Kekaha, Dec. 8, 1916. Tomas Hernandez, Kekaha, Dec, 8, 1916. Casimiro Sanchez, Kekaha, Dec. 8, 1916. Pablo Hernandez, Kekaha, Dec. 8,1816 Francisco Fernandez, Kekaha, Dec ?, 1916. Antonio de la Torrez, Kalaheo, Dec. Francisco Pedro, Kalaheo, Dec. 30, 1916. Jose Albarez, Kealia, Jan. 26, 1917. Angal Arteacho, Kalaheo, Feb. 5, -917. is so masterly that of the wound ed who survive six hours ninety percent recover; of those who reach the field hospitals ninety five per cent recover; and of those who reach the base hospitals ninety-eight per cent get well. Anaes thetics and antiseptics have not only diminished pain and agony but have made amputations rarer and grave cripplings fewer than ever before in war history. Barely live per cent of the wounded are crippled or permanently disabled. Statistics that have been made public seem to show that the death rate of this war, in spite of the ((dossal increase in the means of scientific slaughter, does not much exceed five per cent a year. Youths' Companion. I