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TITE GARDEN ISLAND, TUESDAY. AUOtST 20, 1022
The University Extension Letter
THE SCIENCE OF IRRIGATION
Profitable irrigation of any culti
vated crop means a good deal more
than merely running somo water on
to the ground around your plant a any
time that you g t the chance or
feel like it. After many years of
htt-or-miss irrigating of orange grov
es in California, the people there
are finditiR that there is much more
science in correct irrigating as there
is in applying fertilizers or selecting
varieties for propagation. It is prob
ablv just as true in a sugar cane
cultivation as in a California or
ange grove.
A very valuable bulletin on this
subject has just, been issued by the
TuivPi-Kltv of California. "Studies
on Irrigation of Citrus Groves." Bul
letin 341. All who are interested in
the Irrigation problem should send
for this bulletin and study it care
fully. BELIEVE IT OR NOT1 A FEW
AUTHENTIC EGG RECORDS IN
HAWAII
One S. C. White Leghorn hen of
the Wyckoff (New York) strain
brought to Kanii'hameha school in
l!t((2 produced 201 eggs in 1006 when
she was six years old, according to
a statement by Prof. Krauss.
A mongrel hen. according to a
statement by Mr. George A. Brown
of Honolulu laid one egg every day
for 7G days (April 2S to July 13,
1322), nnd then after taking a two
weeks vacation, began laying an egg
every day. On August S she was
reported still going strong.
A flock of 1C0 S. C. White Leg
horn hens belonging to E. C. Moore
at Haiku, Maul, nvernged 123 eggs
per hen for the year June 30, 1921,
to July 1 1922. Their average for
the preceding year was only 95 eggs
per hen.
At Olaa. Hawaii, the Fisher poul
try farm reports 20 S. C. White Leg
horn hens producing over 200 eggs
per hen per year, some as high as
2S0 eggs. Thirty others have a record
of 160 to 199 eggs per hen per year.
This makes it look as though hens
in Hawaii produce as well as any
where else. It's all in getting good
stock and knowing how to take care
of the birds.
LIMITING FACTORS I.N CROP
PRODUCTION
If some essential for any given
crop Is lacking In the soil, it will
result In a decreased yield, rather
than In a normal yield or abnormal
composition. If 200 pounds of avail
able nitrogen per acre the necessary
to produce 100 tons of sugar cane
per acre, and the soil only has 150
pounds nitrogen, this will result in
a lower yield, even though every
other factor (phosphorous, potash,
water, sunlight, beat, lime, cultiva
tion, etc.) be present In abundance.
In such a case nitrogen fertilization
would bo exteremely profitable, since
not to apply this deficient element
would result in wasting the other
elements present, or at least not
utilizing them to thoir full possi
bilities. But apply 300 pounds of
ntrogen in such a case might bi;
wasteful, unless we supply additional
phosphorous, potash, water, etc., at
the same time. And perhaps the cost
of supplying all of the other ele
ments might be greater than the
value of the increased crop result
ing, and we would have exceeded
the limit of profitable fertilization.
Water is often a limiting factor
in Hawaii, and obviously it would
be a mistake and a wasteful prac
tice to apply enough fertilizer for
100 tons of cane per acre, when the
available wuter can produce only
75 tons. And if we can supply water
and every other element of fertility
in abundance, and provide ideal
tilth, we will nevertheless soon run
into a limiting factor beyond our
control which may be heat, or sun
light, or the supply of carbon di
oxide. These factors beyond our con
trol are the final limiting factors
i ncrop production, but In the maj
ority of cases we probably reach
the limit of profitable fertilization
long before we come to the uncon
trollable factors.
The principle of limiting factors
in crop production is well frustrated
by a barrel of staves of unequal
length. We can call one of these
staves nitrogen, another phosphorous,
another water, sunlight, heat, linv
etc., until we have a stave represent
ing every element or factor that is
known to be important in crop pro
duction. And after we have put in
every stave we know anything about
we had better add a hilf dozen
more staves nnd call them "factors
yet undetermined." The amount of
water which this barrel will hold
is determined by the length of the
shortest stave. This might be the ni
trogen stave and if we replace this
with a long irrigation stave we will
find that we have increased the ca
pacity of the barrel, but tint now
the phosphorous stave is the lim
iting factor. So now we put in n
longer phosphorous stave whicli helps
the situation a little, for the potash
stave is now limiting the capacity
of the barrel to hold water. We add
a piece of the potash stave, and
that gives us a little additional ca
pacity, but soon we find that a half
dozen other staves need lengthen
ing, and we decide that the addi
tional capacity we can secure by
putting in all these new staves is
not worth the cost. To complete the
comparicon we will say that we
have reached the profitable limit
of fertilization.
The purpose of a field fertilizer
The purpose of field fertilizer tests
is to determine this profitable lim
it of fertilization. We try different
fertilizers in varying amounts and
by careflyy determining the yields
secured under these various treat
ments we learn what fertilizers, and
what quantity of them to apply
L. A.. Henke.
RULES FOR BRINGING UP CHICKS
TO BECOME USEFUL MEMBERS
OF SOCIETY
The following ten rules for raising
poultry were formulated in Ohio
from the experience of many farmers
and are just as good to follow in Ha
waii as Ohio:
1 Hatch all heavy breeds before
May 1.
2 Clean and disinfect the brooder
house and equipment.
3 Feed milk in some form all sum
mer. 4 Feed no other liquid than milk
i'or six weeks.
5 Feed a dry mash containing ani
mal protein from first week until
maturity.
6 Move colony house or brood
coop to fresh ground before chicks
are turned out.
7. Keep growing chicks and lay
ing hens separate throughout the
8 u miner.
8 Sepnrate the sexes at 8 weeks
old, or as soon as sex can be deter
mined. 9 Sell surplus cockerels as soon as
marketable.
10 House pullets not later than
October 1.
F, G. Krauss.
INSECT EXTERMINATION
The Anomala beetle of sugar cane
is said to have been practically ex
terminated in Hawaii by parasites.
Reference was made to this in Let
ter No. 20. Dr. J. F. lllingworth, a
local entomologist, reports that has
recently collected thousands of these
I beetles on Oahu, where they were
supposed to have been eradicated.
Tills looks as though the insect pest
in question is far from exterminat
ed. LOYALTY IS CHIEF ASSET OF
COOPERATIVE ORGANIZATIONS
A true spirit of loyalty is the, chief
asset of co-operative associations. It
has been truly said: "There is noth
ing that the members of a co-operative
organizations in any state can
do that will add greater strength to
their organizations than to develop
this vital, living spirit of loyalty. Un
fortunately, too many members of
co-operatives seem to think that
when they have signed the contract
and paid their membership fees their
duties are ended. Nothing will kill
a co-operative quicker than this
spirit. Membership in a co-operative
organization carries with it a re
sponsibility on the part of each mem
ber to stick by the organization in
all periods of adversity. It is easy
enough to be a good co-operator
whenever everything is moving
smoothly and when the association
is selling the farmer's products rap
idly at high prices, but it takes a
real man to be a good co-operator
when things go wrong and the mar
kets are dull. The principle of co
operative marketing is right and.
the right will prevail if we are loyal
and do our part."
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
FIFTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
TERRITORY OF HAWAII
At Chambers In Probate
MRS. KELIINOI'S CORNER
I am a candidate for the house of
representatives, seeking the nomina
tion on the Republican ticket at
the coming primary.
I believe that women should have
equal opportunity with men in the
management of our civil and political
affairs. 1 am, therefore, pioneering
on behalf of my sisters for the
recognition of that principle.
1 believe that I can appeal to all
women voters for their support In
my campaign with good reason, be
cause my tight is their fight, my
Victory is their victory an acknow
ledgement of the principle above re
ferred to.
I believe that all men voters on
Kauai are "sports" and recognize
the justice of the principle above
enumerated, and therefore I have
every reason to believe that nil of
these "sports" will knktiu.
We'll have another chat next week.
Aloha.
(Advt.) ROSALIE KF.LMNOI.
Koloa
Plantation
Store
Wholesale and Retail Groceries
Dry Goods of all Descriptions
General Plantation
Supplies
Honolulu Paper Co.
Limited
Wholesale Paper Dealers
and Stationers.
S2"-S:3 A'ikta St-eet
HONOLULU HAWAII.
In the -Matter of the Estate of AL
BERT SPENCER WILCOX. De
ceased.
A CARD
T desire to yive notice that Mr. Neil
Lvdick is no longer associated willi me in (lie
product ion of business lor the Mutual Life ln-sui-aiire
Co., of e- York, or in any other
capacity.
II. P.. tiUAHAM.
ORDER OF NOTICE OF PETITION
FOR ALLOWANCE OF AC
COUNTS. DETERMINING TRUST
AND DISTRIBUTING THE ES
TATE. On reading and filing the Petition
and Accounts of Emma Napokon
Wilcox, H. II. Walker, William N.
Stewart and Hawaiian Trust Com
pany, Limited, Executrix and Execu
tors respectively of the Will of Al
bert Spencer Wilcox, late of Liliue,
Kauai, Territory of Hawaii, deceased,
wherein the Petitioners ask that the
same be eaxamined and that a Final
Order of Distribution of the remain
ing property to the persons thereto
entitled be made, discharging Peti
tioners from all further responsibili
ty herein;
IT IS ORDERED, that Wednesday,
the 4th day of October. 1022, at 9
o'clock A. M., be-fore the Ju'lgf; at
Chambers of said Court, at thi
Court Room at Lihue, Kauai, Terri
tory of Hawaii, be and the Hume is
hereby appointed the time- and pluee
for the hearing of said Petition and
Accounts, and that ail persons in
terested may then and there ap
pear and show cause, if any they
have, why the Hume should not be
granted and may present evidence!
as to who are entitled to the said
property.
Dated at Lihue, Kauai, T. H., the
2tith day of August, l!i22.
WILLIAM C. ACIII, Jit,
(Seal.) Judge
of the Circuit Court of
tho Fifth Circuit.
Attest:
J. C. CULLKN,
Clerk.
(Aug.'.'il Sept. r, 12-19)
GOOD MEALS IN HONOLULU
Await you at Child's
New, modern, high class restaurant, cen
trally located. Cool and comfortable.
Intelligent, courteous service. European
plan. Operated iu connection with the
Blaisdell Hotel
J.F. CHILD, Proprietor.
TEACHERS
ATTENTION
Teachers desiring to spend the
summer vacation in Honolulu,
by communicating with the
Roselawn, 1366 King St., Hono
lulu, celebrated for its excel
lent cuisine, reservations with
board can be secured, and at
the Beach Annex, 2517 Kaa
kaua Ave., Waikiki, at reduc
ed summer rates.
School Time Is Near
Have Your Children's
Eyes Examined
ii
EYES
The time 1o correct optical defects is when they
first show up. Consequently if your child complaint
of weak eyes and headache front eye-strain, don't neg
lect doing the proper thing, and that is getting glass
es from Dr. Yee at once for the little one.
DR. A. Y. YEE
HOTEL LIHUE
(The Fatrrievr)
Twi-iiry-fK-ci Elegant Rooms
iii Main Building
TLre-e Airy Coitcges
Cuitine Unexcelled in Coun
try Districts
W. H. RICE. Jr.
Proprietor
Phone 291 A
P.O. Box 27
Koloa Garage
AUTOMOBILE REPAIRING
Dealers in Tires and Accessories
ACETYLENE WELDING A SPECIALTY
FIRST CLASS WORK GUARANTEED
Buy a rl
and Bank the difference.
Nawiliwili Garage
i.i mn
r ji.tsttt J?
tsar . vm m r I I I
I r,
lie!
Every once in a while an occasion arises when
you need every bit of power your motor car
can generate. The long hill the roadway deep
in sand or mud the overloaded trip. At such
times Royal Cord T ires demonstrate how much
power can be conserved by t.ires designed to
roll easily and furnish the proper amount of
traction.
United States Rubber Export Co. Ltd
The von Hamm-Young Co., Ltd., Kapaa
A 'United States Tire
fffwrrngMrmuiufliHii kin firm tumiimmuiBiHiiuiiniiH
