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ITHE GARDEN ISLAND TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1922
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The University Extension Letter
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HONOLULU. HAWAII.
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HONOLULU
A NEW FRUIT RECOMMENDED
FOR HAWAII
The lanzon (Lansium domesticum)
a fruit well known and much lik
ed In the Philippine Islands and
Malay, Is recommended for Ha
waii by Prof. J. E. Higglns, who
for many years was horticulturist
In the federal experiment station
In Honolulu, and for the past sev
eral years has occupied a similar
position In the University of the
Philippines. Prof. Higglns describ
es the fruit as resembling a loquat,
about an inch and a half long and
an inch in thickness, pale yellowish
when ripe and covered by a leath
ery skin which separates easily
from the five Juicy sections with
in. The taste of the fruit is said
to he suggestive of grapefruit and
makes the lanzon a very popular
fruit in the markets.
The tree is of upright growth and
seems to thrive better in shade
than when exposed to the sun. For
that reason It is commonly grown
in cocoanut plantations and it is
somewhat in this connection that
Prof. Higglns recommends it for
Hawaii. .Propagation by seed Is the
only way that It is commercially
feasible so far as known here now.
Any who wish to try this new fruit
tree may obtain seeds from Prof.
J. E. Higglns, Los Banos, P. I.,
first getting the consent of the ter
ritorial board of agricuture and
forestry.
A COURSE IN TARO GROWING
We are glad to announce that
Gerrlt Wilder is preparing a series
of lessons on taro growing, which
the university extension service will
send out as a correspondence course.
We do not know yet Just how many
lessons there will be, but we plan
to start this course about February
or perhaps earlier .We will bo
glad to receive applications any
time from now on. A small enroll
ment fee will be charged, probably
$1.00.
HOW SUGAR CANE GROWS
"Only five per cent ot the cane
plant is living substance, but this
five per cent manufactures the oth
er 95 per cent of dead inactive ma
terial," said Dr. H. L. Lyon in an
interesting lecture Given before the
sugar short course students in
which he explained how the sugar
cane plant grows and reproduces
itself. This living material is call
ed protoplasm, having about the
consistency of the white of an egg
and lives In extremely minute
chambers which we call cells.
Dr. Lyon explained how in the
cells of the green leaf the chloro
phyl converts the sun's energy Into
chemical energy which builds up
starch out of the carbon dioxide
that enters the leaf from the air
and the water which is brought
up from the soil thru the roots
and vascular bundle. Protoplasm
can work only on soluble com
pounds and by the action of enzymes
this insoluble starch is converted
into sugar and carried to all parts
of the plant, chiefly in the stalk,
where it is stored .
In comparing plants and animals,
he explained how the latter get
their food by consuming other ani
mals or plants and in order to do
this they are given motive power.
Plants, however, are stationary,
they have to stay where the seed
falls or is planted, and unlike ani
mals they have to manufacture their
own food out of the raw material
they can get from the soil and air.
In doing this some of the tissues
of the plant are destroyed in the
production of energy, but this is so
efficiently done that in the plant
constructive work far exceeds de
structive work and the plant In
creases in mass and volume as a
result.
Dr. Lyon explained the highly
specialized division of work that
exists in the cane plant and the
wonderful harmony that prevails be
tween all parts. The growing part
is dome-shaped tissue concealed in
the center of the rolled-up leaves
near the top of the plant. Small
ridges on the dome develop into
cells which appear alike at first,
but finally differentiate into mid
rib, veins, etc., until every tissue
found in the old leaf is provided
for in the newly formed part. L.
A. Henke.
NO BENEFITS SHOWN IN FEED
ING YEAST TO CALVES
Tests made at the Minnesota ex
periment station by the dairy and
bio-chemistry divisions showed on
ly negative results in the feeding
of yeast to calves and cows. As
no appreciable effect on the growth
of the young animal or on milk
production by the cows appeared,
the investigators conclude that the
rations fed to calves and cow
contain an ample amount of vita
min B, which is carried In the
yeast.
The experiments were suggested
by Btrong claims made for the use
of yeast in the human diet and
more than a year was spent in car
rying them out. A yeast company
paid all expenses all expenses and
furnished all the yeast. Forty-two
calves were used and tests were
made with eight cows in milk.
Yeast was added to the rations
of newly dropped calves and de
nied in the rations fed a similar
group or "check" group. The effect
of yeast was tried out In this way
In the ordinary ration, in a typical
ration tinder good conditions, In
what may be called a poor ration,
and in a ration, including whole
milk, generally fed to promising
purebred stock. Experiments paral
leling those, with cattle were car
ried out with rats as subjects and
demonstrated that no advantage is
to be derived from feeding animals
a larger amount of vitamin B than
is necessary for their normal de
velopment. A NEW VEGETABLE BULLETIN
The university extension service
will soon issue a new bulletin on
"Vegetable Growing in Hawaii," pre
pared by Prof. F. O. Krauss, pri
marily for the benefit of school
garden boys and girls in our
schools. It should be of consider
able value, also, to others who are
engaged In vegetable growing. From
a season standpoint, Prof. Krauss
tells the gardener In this bulletin
what to plant, how to plant and
care for it and gives other use
ful information. '
GROWING RHUBARB IN HAWAII
Rhubarb grows best at high ele
vations in Hawaii (1000 to 3000
feet above sea) according to Prof.
F. G. Krauss, who has experimented
with this crop plant for several
years. Repeated attempts to pro
duce good crops of this fruit at low
elevations have been unsuccessful.
The crop is a greedy feeder and
requires a well manured and well
drained soil to grow in. The ground
should be deeply spaded and a good
deal of manure and high grade fer
tilizer worked in. The soil must
then be kept uniformly moist and
should not be permitted to become
alternately very dry and then wet,
as this is probably the cause ot
many failures to grow te crop here.
Good rootings for planting may
be obtained from Aggler & Musser
Seed Co., or the Germain Seed Co.,
both in Los Angeles, Cal. We will
be glad to announce any firm or
person in Hawaii who can furnish
rhubarb root cuttings to local gar
deners. PROTECTING OUR CROPS BY
QUARRANTINE
The crops that we grow in Ha
waii are attacked by various in
sect pests and bacterial diseases,
but for every pest an disease that
we have in our midst there are ten
waiting outside to gain entrance to
our fields and gardens. Protection
against these foreigners Is in the
hands of our territorial board of
agriculture and forestry, under the
direct charge of E. M. Ehrhorn. This
important work cannot receive too
great emphasis and for that rea
son we quote a summary ot the
quarantine laws which are in force
in this territory.
Importation Absolutely Prohibited
All plants from foreign countries
under rules of federal horticultural
board; fresh fruits from all foreign
countries (except apples from New
Zealand under special rulings).
Cotton seed and cotton' seed hulls.
Sugar cane from any part of
the world.
Indian corn or maize and seed of
related plants.
Banana plants and fruits from
Central America, Panama Canal
zone, West Indies, Dutch Guiana,
Oceanlca, Malaysia, and the Ori
ent. Bamboo plants, roots, cuttings or
seed.
Paddy rice, wheat, oats, barley,
and rye from Australia, India, Jap
an, Europe and Brazil.
All animals, , birds, reptiles and
insects liable to become injurious
to agriculture.
Soil of any kind.
Importations Subject to Inspections
All nursery stock, plants, and parts
thereof; fruits, vegetables, seeds, in
cluding cereals, queen bees and
honey. Labels must be affixed to
containers of all uhipinents, giving
ituie of shipper, locaJlty of produc
tion, contents of package and the
name of cousignee. .
The
Kauai Telephonic
Company
wishes to announce the formal opening of the new
Telephone Building at Lihue, on the evening of
Friday, December 8th, b etween the hours of 7 and
9. Also, that, at the same time, it will launch a
new business enterprise to be known as
"The Electric Shop of Kauai"
Our subscribers and friends are cordially invited
to join us in the opening of
our new home.
E. F. WOOD, Manager.
COMMUNITY HOUSE
CROWDED AT VICTORY
DAY PROGRAM
(From Makaweli Plantation News)
Long before the first number of
the Victory Day program held at
the Community House on the even
ing of November 11th, was announc
ed, every seat and all available
standing space in the gymnasium
was occupied.
Tho first notice given in regard
to this entertainment was that it
would be a pay show, but due to
the fact that the Charley Chaplin
"Shoulder Arm" film failed to make
Its appearance It was decided to
give the program free and the plan
tation pay the entire expenses.
Tho main feature of the program
was the Rizal Filipino Circus troup
performance. It was a good exhibi
tion of tight wire and acrobatic
acts. The Minehaha Music Club fur
nished the music during the program
and for the dance which followed.
The program also included movies.
Over a thousand persons witnessed
the entertainment. .
33
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