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SOL. MILLER, EDITOR AND f CBLISHER.
"VOLUME IV.NUMBER 38, j
tyHtt cporfrg.
SILENCE 18 CRIME.
BY JOHN G. WUITTIEB.
.Vow. bj or fithrra'kihei! wher' tli ipint
Of tkt trD-betrttd aad ankluekUd fo1
Soci of oM freemen, do we bst inherit
Their ntmei alone?
Ii the oM Pilgrim spirit quenched within mil
Stoops the proud manhood of oor ion. to low,
That Mtmmon'i rale or partj wile can win us
To silence now?
V when our land to ruin's brink is verging,
to God name let ui speak while there is time!
Vow, when the padlocks on oar lips are forging,
Silence is crime!
What! shall we hnmblr ak, as fit on.
Rights all onr own? In madness shall we barter
For treacherous peace the freedom Nature gaet 01
God and oor charter?
Here shall the slaleimin seek the free to fetter?
Here Lfnch-Uvr light Ins homd fires en high?
Aed in the Church, iheirproed and skilled abettor,
Make truth a lie?
Trtnre the pages of the hallowed Bible,
To sanction crime, and robbery . and blood;
And, in oppression's hateful terrice, libel
Both man and God?
Shall oar New England stand ereet no longer,
Bat stoop in chains npon her downward aj,
Thicker to gather on her limbs and stronger,
Day after dat?
O, tie! methUks from all her wild, green mountains
From vallevt where her slimbenng fathers lie
From her bine rivers and her welling fountains,
And clear, cold sky
From her rough coast and isles, which hungry oeean
Gnaws with his serges from the fisher's skiff.
With white sail swaying to the billow' motion,
Roond rock and cliff
Trom the free fireside of her onbooght firmer
From her free laltorrr at Ins oom and nheel
From the brown smith-shop, where beneath the hammer,
Rings the red leel
From rat-hand all, if God hath not fraken
Oar land, and left os to an evil choice,
Ijoai as tht hummer thunderbolt shall waken
A people" voice!
Startling and stern the Northern winds shall bear it
Orer Potomac's to St. Mary's wave;
And boned freedom shall awake to hear it
Within her grave.
O, let that voire go forth The bondman sighing
By 9antee wave, in MiUtippi cane,
6hall feel the hope, within his bosom djia.
Revive again.
Let It go forth The millions who were gazin;
Sadly upon as from afar shall tmile.
And onto God deroat thanksgiving raising.
Bless os the while.
O, for yonr ancieat freedom, pore and holy;
For the delirrrinee of a groaning earth;
For the wrorged captive, bleeding, crashed and lowly.
Let It go forth!
Sons of the Wit of fathers! will ye falter.
With all tha, trft vr penled and at stake?
Ho! once again on Freedom's holy altar
The fire awake!
friver-strrncthrned for the trial, come together.
Tat on the h.rnt for the coming fight,
AnJ, with the blessing of yonr Heavenly Father,
Maintain the right
isccKancBits.
THE NEW CABINET.
An ft matter of interest at this time,
we give the follonint; personal sketches
o the several members of the new Cab
inet :
WM. H. SEWARD, SECRETART OF STATE.
Sir. Seward was born in Orange Coun
ty, in the State of New York, on the
16th of May, 1801. He was educated
t Union College, in that State, and took
the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1820,
and of Master of Arts in 1824. At the
ge of twenty-one he established himself
at Auburn in the profession of the law,
nd soon acquired a lncrativo and exten
ding practice. Early in his public and
professional life he travelled in the South
ern slave States, and is supposed to have
formed at that time the opinions and
principles hostile to slavery to which he
baa siace given expression. Upon other
questions Mr. S.'s policy may be describ
ed as humanitarian. He is in favor of
the education of the people, of the amel
ioration of the laws, and of tbe develop
ment of the material resources of the
United 8tates. In these respects he has
ever been among the foremost of Ameri
can statesmen, and may justly claim the
praise bestowed upon him by his friends,
nd scarcely denied by his opponents, of
Mia? -the best and clearest head in
America." In 1830 he had acquired
sneb inflnence and character that he was
lected a member of the Senate of the
8 tile of New York, than the highest ju
dicial tribunal of the State, as well as a
legislative body. In 1834. at the close
of his term of four years, he was nomi
nated a candidate for the Governorship
? ,Jite of New Tor. n opposition
o Mr. William L. Marcy. the then Gov
ernor, and later, the distinguished 8ec
'y of State of the United 8tates. On
wis occasion Mr. 8eward was defeated
il m,Jority of nearly 10,000. In 18
w. his party becoming bolder and strong
er. h was triumphantly elected in oppo
"on to Mr. Marcy, the majority being
greater than his Drevions minority. With
out having passed through the lower stra
"m of the House or RanresentatiTes, he
m m 1849 elected to the Senate of the
United States for six years. He gave so
ni85"UlfCUn thst hB nM re-elecled
"' P" caS, SIPBKTABT Of TRACRT.
Salmon Portland Chase was born at
Umjish. N. H., on the opposite bank of
iuo yonnraicnt river from Windsor.
Vt., in the year 1808. When nine years
of age his father died, and three years af-
ni::" tyjLTu:: .n, 10.- Jnn.8
" " ""uu n me seminary in
Worthmgton, Ohio, then conducted by
the-venerable Bishop Philander -Chase,
his nncle. Here he remaiped nntil Bish
op Chase accepted the presidency' orCin
cinnati College, entering-which, our stu
dent soon became a chief among his peers.
After a year's residence at Cincinnati, he
returned to his maternal home in New
Hampshire, and shortly after resumed his
studies in Dartmouth College. Hanover,
wLere he graduated in 1826. He shortly
after commenced the study of law in tha
city of Washington, under the guidance
oi me ceieorated William Wit. then
Attorney General of the United States.
He sustained himself dnrincr tho vears of
in j proiessionai studies by imparting in
struction to.a select school for bovs. com
posed in part of the sons of the most dis
tinguished men of the nation. He was
admitted to the bar at Washington in
1829, and in the lollowing year returned
to Cincinnati and entered npon the prac
tice of his profession, in which he soon
rose to eminence, and in which he was
distingushed for industry and patient in
vestigation. He was subsequently elec
ted a member of the United States Sen
ate, and npon the expiration of his Sen
atorial term, he was put in nomination
for Governor of Ohio, and elected. He
was again put in nomination for Gover
nor, and was again elected to that posi
tion. BiyON CAMEItOX, SECRETARY OF WAR.
Gen. Simon Cameron was born in
Lancascer County, Pennsylvania. Re
verses and misfortunes in his father's
family cast him very early in life on the
world to t-hape and carve out his own
fortune. After having removed to Sun
bury, in Northumberland County, his fa
ther died, while Simon was yet a boy.
In 1817 he came to Ilarrisburg, and bound
hiracelf as an apprentice to the printing
business to Jamas Peacock, who is still a
resident of Ilarrisburg, and one of its
most worthy and respected citizens. Du
ring this time he won the regard and es
teem of Mr. Peacock and all his fellow
workmen, by his correct deportment, his
industry, intelligence and faithfulness.
His days were devoted to labor, and his
nights to tndy. Having completed his
apprenticeship, he went to Washington
City, ami was employed as a journeyman
printer. Jn 1824, thongh scarcely of
competent age, he had attained huch a
position and influence that his party
then in the ascendency in the Congress
sional district pioposed to nominate
him for Congress, an honor which he
promptly d -dined, as interfering with
the enterprise in which he u as then en
gaged. He was appointed Adjutant
General of the State in 1828, an office
which he filled creditably and acceptably
dnring Gov. Shultz's term ; and in 18
31, unsolicited, ho was appointed by
General Jackson as a visitor to West
Point a compliment, at that time, ten
dered only to the most prominent citi
zens. To no single man within her bor
tiers is Pennsylvania more indebted for
her great system of public improvement
and public instruction. Nor did he he
itate to invest his own mean, when pros
perity and fortune dawned npon him, in
enterprises of great public importance.
In 1884, he originated, and carried to
successful completion the Harrisburg.
Mount Joy and Lancaster railroad, sur
mounting difficulties and prejudices which
would have appalled and paralyzed a
man of ordinary energy and detormina
tion. In 1838 he was nominated for
Congress, but declined. He was engag
ed in public enterprises from which he
wonld not permit himself to be drawn
aside by any consideration of office, or
personal elevation. In 1851 he was
mainly instrnmental in the formation of
the Susquehanna Railroad Company,
now consolidated with the Northern Cen
tral Railway, by which the upper valleys
of the Snsquehanna are connected with
the capital of the State. There was still
another link wanting to form a direct and
continuous railroad to New York city,
the great commercial metropolis of the
Union. Gen. Cameron's practical mind
soon suggested the mode and manner of
supplying this want ; and the Lebanon
Valley Railroad was organized, and that
road built, and now consouaaiea wiui
the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad.
In 1832, Gen. Cameron was elected cash
ier of the Middletown Bank a position
which he held for twenty-seven consecu
tive years. So that abont the year 18
54, he was at the same time President of
the Snsquehanna Railroad Company,
President of the Lebanon Valley Railroad
Company, Presidsnt of the Common
wealth Insurance Company, and cashier
of the 'Middletown Bank, besides being
director and manager in several other in
stitutions, and- having a large private
business of his own to manage and su
perintend. Yet, notwithstanding the
vast labor and responsibility of these
positions, he performed the duties of them
all satisfactorily and successfully.
MOHTGOHERT BLAIR, POSTMASTER QE5BRAL.
The State of Maryland will be repre
sented in the Lincoln Cabinet by Judge
Montgomery Blair, who resides at Mont
gomery Castle, near 8ilver Spring, Mont
somerv County, Md. Judge Blair is the
son of Francis P. Blair, well know u
fJon .Ttnbsan's time.
He graduated ai
rrr . t:i ... tn tVa tf Mil'
Mesi A-om ixm, ,m- " -T..
Bonri, practical law m bj. xoms, n
"
THE
WHtTE CLOUD, KANSAS, THURSDAY, MARCH 28, 1861.
made judge, and was appointed by Pres
ident .Pierce -one of the -judges of the
Court of Claims,- from which place he
was removed by President Buchanan.
Judge -Blair is now in the prime of life
ana mental vigor, and there is no man
south of Pennsylvania who is more de
voted to Republicanism, or who is more
popular among the radical Republicans
all over the North and West. He is son-in-law
of the late Hon. Levi Woodbnry,
ot New Hampshire, and brother of Frank
P. Blair, Jr., Congressman elect from the
St. Louis district.
C. B. SMITH, SECRETARY OF THE IETERIOR.
Mr. Smith is well known in Indiana,
and is reputed to be possessed of a vig
orous intellect, and considerable admin
istrative tact and ability. He has been
in Congress, and was Commissioner on
Mexican claims. In regard to his polit
ical faith, it is not certain that he has
made any decisive declaration, but it is
very generally presumed, that he is a
moderate Republican.
Q1DE0J WELLES, SECRETARY OF THE SAVT.
Mr. Gideon Welles, of Connecticut,
is the Northern Secretary of the Navy.
Mr. Welles has been for npwards of thir
ty years a leading politician in Connec
ticut, and for much of that time has been
connected, directly and indirectly, with
the public press, wielding a partizan pen,
and al way sexhibiting evidences of unques
tionable hostility to his opponents', in the
advocacy of his opinions, political or oth
erwise. He for some time held the of
fice of postmaster of Hartford, under Mr.
Van Buren's Administration, and left the
office soon afterthe election of General
Harrison, in 1840. Dnring a part of
Mr. Polk's Administration he occupied
an important position in the Navy De
partment. Like many other prominent
Northern Democrats, Mr. Welles disa
greed with bis party on the subject of the
repeal of the Missouri Compromise,
which breach was still further increased
by the Kansas policy of the Pierce and
Buchanan Administrations. The Ter
ritorial question being the chief one at
issue, he became identified with tho Re
publican paity soon after its organiza
tion, and has since been one of its-leaders,
taking a prominent part in its Conven
tions, State and National. He was a
delegate from the State at largo to the
Chicago Convention, and constituted one
of the committee to proceed to Spring
Geld with an official .notice of Mr. Lin
coin's nomination. He was also one of
the Presidential electors. Nor was his
his visit to Springfield the first time he
he met that distinguished gentleman.
While in Hartford a year or more since,
they formed a somewhat intimate acqnain
tance, which resulted in the warmest mu
tual friendship and confidence ; so that
Mr. Lincoln has, in the selection, no
doubt acted as much npon his own per
sonal knowledge and estimation of the
man as upon any solicitation of promi
nent New England Republicans.
EDWARD BATES, ATTORNEY OENERAL.
Edward Bates was born on the 4th of
September, 1793, on the banks of the
James river, in the county of Goochland,
Virginia, about thirty miles above Rich
mond. He was the seventh Ron and young
est child of a family of twelve children, all
of whom lived to a mature age, of Ihom
as Bates and Caroline M. Woodson. Both
of his parents were descendants of the
plain old Quaker families which had liv
ed for some generations in tho lower
Counties of the peninsula between James
and York rivers. They were married in
the Quaker meeting, according to the
forms of that simple and virtuous peo
ple, in the year 1771 ; but in 1781 the
father lost bis membership in the Society
of Friends by bearing arms at the siege
of Yorktown a volunteer private soldier
nnder General Lafayette. In 1805, Thom
as B., the father, died, leaving a very
small estate and a large family. Left at
an early age an orphan, and poor, the
son was fortunate in what was better than
a patrimony, a heart and a will to labor
diligently for promotion. Besides, sev
eral of bis brothers were indnstrions and
prosperous men, and treated the helpless
with generous affection. One of them,
Fleming Bates, of Northumberland, Vir
ginia, took nim into nis tamiiy as a son,
and did a father's part to him. He had
not the beneSt of a collegiate edncation,
being prevented by an .accident the
breaking of a leg which stopped him in
the middle of his conrse of study, and
confined him at home for nearly two
years, in cnuanooa ne was laugnt oy
the father, and afterwards nad tne oenent
of two years' instruction of his kinsman,
Benjamin Bates, of Hanover, Virginia,
a most excellent man, who, dying, left
behind him none more virtuous and few
more intelligent In 1812, having re
nounced service in the navy, and with no
plan of life settled, bis brother Frederick
(who was secretary of the Territory of
Missouri from 1807 to 1820, when the
State was formed, by successive appoint
ments under Jefferson, Madison and Mon
roe, and was second Governor of the
State) invited him to come out to St.
Louis and follow the law, offtring to see
him safely through bis conrse of study.
He accepted the invitation, and was to
have started in the spring of 1813, bnt
an nnlooked for even.t detained him for
a year. Being in his native Connty
of Goochland, a sudden call was made
for volunteers to march for Norfolk, to
repel an apprehended attaok by the Brit-
isn fleet, ana ne loinea a company in
February, marched to Norfolk, and serv
ed till October of that year, as private,
..!. n,l sermunt. snecessivnlV. Tfc
-.-., --,- ?- ,-,- -
-.
CONSTITUTION AND THE
next spring he set oat for 8t Lonis, and
crossed the Mississippi for tha first time
on the 29th of April, 1814.' Here he
studied very diligently in the office of
Rnfus Easton, a Connecticut man, a
good lawyer, regularly educated at Litch
field, and some time a delegate in Con
gress fromfMissouri Territory . He came
to the bar in the winterJjf "1818 17,
and practiced with fairmccoss as a be
ginner. In 1853 he -was elected Judge
of the Land Court of St. Lonis County,
and after serving in the office. abont three
years he resigned, and returned again to
the practice of the law. He ' acted as
president of the River and Harbor Im
provement Convention, which sat at Chi'
cago, and in 1852 acted as president of
the Whig National Convention, which
met at Baltimore. In 1850 be was ap
pointed by President Fillmore, and con
firmed by the Senate, Secretary of War,
but declined the appointment for person
al and domestic reasons, Mr. Bates was
complimented with tho honorary degree
of LL. D., in 1858, by Harvard College.
Some years before he had been honored
with the same decree by; Shurtleff Col
lege, Illinois.
Carious and Interesting Document A
Defunct Politician's Will.
Enow all Mes by these Presents,
That I, J. C. B., of the city of L. and
State of K., politician, being of sound
and disposing mind and memory, and
being profoundly impressed with the
shortness und uncertainty of political life,
do make ana ordain this my last will
and testament:
1. I give and bequeath to my former
friend, Stephen A. Douglas, all my
speeches in favor of popular sovereignty
and non-intervention by Congress on the
subject of slavery in the Territories.
2. I give and bequeath to my trusty
friends, Yancey, Rliett, Burrow it Co.,
including J. Green, Polk and Snuffbox
Bowlin ; my letter of acceptance and my
last Lexington speech in favor of inter
vention by Congress on the subject of
slavery in the Territories.
3. I give and bequeath to my Black
Republican friend, Abraham Lincoln, all
my popularvote in the free States, to the
proper use and behoof of the said Abra
ham, he and I agreeing npon two princi
ples: first, intervention by Congress on
the slavery question; second, that "the
longest poln knocks down the persim
mon." Abraham wields a long North
ern pole; I, a Southern pole of uncertain
length.
4. I give and bequeath to Messrs. Bu
chanan, Benjamin, Brown, and all oth
ers in the same "fix," an unpublished
work lately prepared by myself, entitled:
"A new Syttem of Tactics: or a Staff for
Unsteady and tticktly Politicians."
I may affirm, without egotism, that it
will be found of great value to the class
for whom it was designed. We are ajl
conscious of the sad fact' that stumbling
blocks, in the shape of letters, speeches,
messages and platforms, accumulate in
the path of politics. To remove these
was my object. My system will demon
strato that any proposition may be prov
en. It may be shown that the affirma
tive and the negative are not antagonis
tic that they may be brought faco to
face, and made to "kiss and be friends."
For instance, the Cincinnati Platform,
which declares "non-intervention by Con
gress with slavery in the State or Terri
tory," ifec, means that Congress may
and must protect; and protect means "to
cover or shield from danger or injury ;
to defend, to guard, to preserve in safety."
( Vide Webster, 820 ) 8o I hold Con
gress may not interfere with slavery in
the Territories; but Congress must.eover
up and shield it from danger or injury
must defend it, mnst guard it must pre
serve it in safety. Let one but maintain
his inalienable right to attach his own
meaning to words, and spurn the dicta
tion of meddling lexicographers, and he
is safe. I am only solicitous for the suc
cess of others. As for myself, I shall
soon be se deeply buried beneath the
enmbrous debris of parties factions and
isms that the voice of the resurrection
trumpet will never reach my ear; nor
will the smell of office assail my all fac
tious nerves.
5. I give and devise to James Bnehan
an and the plastic Caleb Cnshing, their
hsirs and assigns forever, seven-eights of
all the reputation I am entitled to for my
matricidal efforts to crash ont and de
stroy the old Democratic party, that has
honored them and 'elevated me" to the
House of Representatives, to the Senate
and to the Vice-Presidency.
6. I ordain and appoint the President
of the "Southern League" as executor of
this Will.
Osly Osk Fault. The only objection
that the Opposition seem to be able
to make to the President's Inau-
augural, is that be promises to support
tne uonstitntion ana see tnat tne laws
are faithfully executed according to his
oath of office. They do sot pretend that
it does not recognise all the rights of the
Slave States to their utmost extent; bnt
it offends solely by standing by the Con
stitution and promising to maintain the
uovernment Certainly it was time
for a party to leave the Government,
whose organs make fidelity to the Con
stitution and to the oath of office, a fatal
objection to a President
A notorious Abolitionist announces
that be will lecture oa the gallorvs. The
Louisville Journal hopes he may get tbe
h$ of his subject,
UNION.
STAND FIRM BT OUR 1AHHEB!
BY J. M'NACGHTOX.
Staid Ann bjr our Banan Um Strlpu and tba Stan!
Ltt it Scat la iu prlla o'r tha land. Ma aad rim!
Stand firm bj our Baaatr, y landimaa aad tart!
Bbnat la rietorj, "Cad aad our Union forerer!"
To yonr pni, fallaat man!
Lat Um awantala aad fUa
With oar broadiidea ra-acbo afain aad again!
Kaak and SI wo will marc, with oar baaaon snfarloj,
O'er ilia Union nabroktn tbo prido of tno world!
CilOSXV.
Bland firm hy osr Banner tbo Slripee and tbo Start!
Let il float in lt prida o'er the lend, lea aad riror!
Btaad firm bj oar Banner, ye landsmen aad tars!
boat in riclorj, "God and ocr Union forerer!"
Tha foemen may thoat, aad tha trumpet! may blare.
And tha Untoa be thaken by itormt ofdlneniion;
Bat oor staff thall itaad firm nad oar Flat fioat in air.
And the Elan onward fleam la their brifbtul ascension!
Should foemen come forth
Fran tha Sooth or the North,
Oar breads words shall strike for the lead of oar birth!
Far each aad for all on Bearen wa call:
Let tha wings of oar Xagle spread orer as all !
CHORUS.
Stand firm by onr Banner the Stripes aad the Start!
Let It float in its pride o'er the lead. Ma aad rirer!
Staad firm by oar Banner, ye landsmen aad tan!
Shorn in rictory, "Cod and onr Union forerer'."
ABOU-BKX-ADHEM AND TI1K AXGEL.
BY LKIGH IIUXT.
Abon-Ben-Adhem, (may his tribe inereaM!)
Awoke one night frem'a deep dream of peace,
And saw srtiais tha moonlight In hie roam,
Mail It rich, and like a lily's bloom,
Aa aagel, writing ia a book of gold.
Exceeding peace had made Ben-Adhem bold;
And to the presence In the room bo said,
"What wntett thoal" The eisioa raited its head,
And, with a look made ail of sweet accord,
Answered, "The names or those who lore the Lord."
"And is mine oust" said Abon. "Nay, aot so,"
Xeplied the aagel. Aboa spoke more low.
Bat cheery still, and said, "I pray the, then,
Write me as one wna lores his feUew men."
Tha angel wrote aad raaisbed. Tha nut night
It eame again, with a great wakeaing light,
And showed the nines whom lore of Cod had blest;
And lo! Ben-Adhem's name led all the rest.
PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS.
The inauguration of Abraham Lincoln
as tbe fourteenth President of the United
States, with a full acconnt of all the in
cidents connected tnerewitn, is trcsn in
the minds of all. As a comparison, the
following simple incidents connected with
the inauguration of previous Presidents,'
will no donbt be read with interest at this
time:
Washington was inaugurated on the
3Utn of April, 1789, at New York, in
tae City Hall, then called Federal Hall,
in Wall street. Tho oath was adminis
tered by Chancellor Livingston, npon an
open gallery adjoining the Senate Cham
ber, this place having been selected to
gratify the pnblic curiosity. His in
augural speech, however, was delivered
in the Senate Chamber. A vast con
course of people witnessed the ceremony
of taking the oath, and expressed their
joy by lond acclamations. The inaugur
al address was replied to, on the part of
the Senate, by John Adams, President of
that body and Vice President ; and on
tbe part of the House by F. A. Muhlen
berg, of Pennsylvania, Speaker. These
replies were full of confidence in the Pres
ident, and he lejoined to them both in a
few appropriate remarks. After this,
Washington went on foot to St. Paul's
Church, where prayers were read by the
Bishop. At night there were illumina
tions and fireworks. Religions services
snited to the occasion had been perform
ed in tbe morning in all the churches of
the city. Washington was accompanied
to the Hall of Congaess by Committees
of Congress, beads of departments, xc,
he riding in a coach alone, and the pro
cession having a military escort. Fish
er Ames, then a member of Congress
from Mass.. thns describes the scene of
the inauguration : "It was a vary touch
ing scene, and quite of the solemn kind.
Washington's aspect, grave almost to
sadness; his modesty, actually shaking;
his voice, deep, a little tremulous, and
so low as to call for close attention ; ad
ded to the series of objects presented to
the mind, and overwhelming it, produc
ed emotions of tbe most affecting kind.
It seemed to me an allegory, in which
Virtue was personified, ami addressing
those whom she wonld make her vota
ries." "
John Adams was inaugurated in Con
gress Hall, Philadelphia, on the 4th of
March, 1797, Washington being present,
and a large concourse of people, foreign
ministers, -and other distinguished per
sons. Mr. Adams was dressed in a full
snit of pearl-colored broadcloth, with
powdered hair. The oath was adminis
tered contrary to the order m Washing
ton's case, after the delivery of the in
augural address by Chief Justice fills
worth. Thomas Jefferson was inaugurated on
the 4th of March, 1801. in the new Cap
itol in Washington. After tbe delivery
of bis inaugural address, tne ostb was
administered to him by Chief Justice
Marshall. Ex-President Adams was not
present
James Madison was, inaugurated on
loo wn oi MJirca, gov, in me uapuoi,
Chief Justice Marshall administering the
oath. Mr. Madison was dressed in a plain
snit of black, and his inaugural address
was delivered in a modest and dignified
manner. Ex-President JeSersoa attend
ed the ceremonies.
James Monroe was inaugurated on the
4th of March, 1817, ia Congress Hall,
Washington. The Capitol having been
burnt by the British ia 1814, was then
ataderzoiBg reccmatroetioB. The oath
was administered by Chief Justice Mar
shall, ex-President Hadbon being pres
i TERMS
enf The address was delivered from an
elevated platform, temporarily erected
for the occasion, in presence of an im
mense concourse Mr. Monroe had been
escorted to Congress Hall, abnilding still
standing in rear of the Capitol, by a cav
alcade of citizens on horseback.
John'Quincy Adams was inaugurated
uu iuo iui oi aiarcn, iozo. tie was ac
companied to the Capitol by Ex-Presi
dent Monroe and family, the Jndges of
the supreme Court in their robes of office,
kc. His inaugural addiess preceding
his taking tbo oath was delivered in the
House of Representatives. After the ad
dress, he descended from the Sneaker's
chair, received from Chief Justice Mar
shall a volume of the laws of the United
States, from which he read tbe oath of
office, at the close of which the Honse
rang with cheers and plaudits. Mr. Ad
ams was dressed in a plain suit of black
American broadcloth.
tauurcw oacKson was inaugurated on
the 4th of March, 1829. He did not call
npon Mr. Adams, and the Ex-President
was not present at the inauguration.
Jackson was escorted to the Capitol from
Gadsby's Hotel by a few of the surviving
officers and soldiers of the Revolntion,
whom he addressed before leaving tho
Hotel. The ceremonies took place upon
the Eastern portico of the Capitol, in
presence of aa immense conconrseof peo
ple Chief Justice Marshall administer
ing the oath. Salutes were fired at tbe
conclusion of the inaugural address by
two companies of artillery, stationed in
the vicinity of the Capitol, which were
repeated at tbe forts and by detachments
of artillery on the plains.
Martin Van Bnren was inaugurated on
the 4th of March, 1837. .He was escor
ted from the President's honse by a body
of cavalry and infantry, and a great
nnmbcr of citizens. Re rode in a pho
ton, with Ex-President Jackson the car
riage being made of tbe wood of the frig
ate Constitution, and presented to Presi
dent Jackson by tbe Democracy of New
York. Chief Justice Taney administer
ed the oath, and the inaugural address
was delivered from the Eastern portico
of tbe Capitol.
William Henry Harrison was inau
gurated on tbe 4th of March, 1841. The
Capital was thronged with people from
every part of the Union, and the occasion
was one of nnnsual rejoicing. A civic
and military procession accompanied the
f resident elect from bis lodgings to the
Capitol be himself riding on a white
charger, attended by several personal
friends, bis immediate escort being offi
cers and soldiers who fought nnder him.
The ceremonies of inauguration took
place npon a platform erected over the
steps of the portico of the East front of
the Capitol. The company present was
unusually large estimated at forty or
fifty thousand including a groat number
of ladies. When the President elect as
cended tbe platform, he was received by
deafening and prolonged shouts of gratn
lation from the assembled people. These
acclamations were repeated at tbe con
clusion of tbe inaugural address. Previ
ous to the delivery of the closing senten
ces of the address, Chief Justice Taney
administered the oath of office, after
which the President pronounced the re
maining passage of his address. A sa
lute was then fired, and the procession
re-formed, and the President was escor
ted to tbe Executive Mansion, accompa
nied by almost the whole throng of spec
tators, as many as possible entering and
paying their personal respects to him.
President Harrison died on the 4th of
April, a month after his inanguration,
and the duties of the Presidency were as
sumed by Vice President Tyler, who took
the oatb of office on the 6th of April, be
fore Jndge Cranch, of the Circuit Court
of the District of Columbia, although at
the time be maintained that he was qual
ified to perform the dnties and exercise
tbo powers and office of President, with
out any other oath than that which he
had taken as Vice President. On the
4th of April, Mr. Tyler issned an inau
gural address to tbe people, through the
pnblic press.'
James K. Polk was inaugurated on the
4th' of March, 1845. It was a rainy day.
bnt great numbers of people had been col
lected at Washington to witness the cer
emony. JL be President riding in an open
carriage with bis predecessor, Mr. Tyler,
was escorted to the Capitol by a large
civic and military procession. The in
augural address was delivered from' the
East front of the Capitol. Chief Jus
tice Taney administered the oatb, after
which the President was driven rapidly,
by an indirect route, to the Executive
Mansion, where during the afternoon he
received the calls and congratulations of
the citizens.
Zachary Taylor was inaugurated on
the 5th of March, (the 4th happening on
Sunday.) 1849. The multitude, aesem
bled on tbe occasion, from every part of
the country, was supposed to be larger
than had ever before been collected ia
Washington. A grand procession, mil
itary and civic, oaaducted the President
elect from his lodgings to the Capitol.
He was dressed in a plain suit of black.
rode in a carriage with Ex-President
Polk. Hon. R. O. WiBthrop, 8peaker of
the House, aad Mr. Beaton, Mayor of
Washington. .;Tae inaugural address
was delivered from tbe east portico of
tbe Capitol, and was responded to by
loud plaudits from tbe multitude. The
oath was administered by Chief Justice
Taaev. aad the cereaseniea were conclu
ded bv salvos of artillery. President
Tavlor died on the 9th of July, 1850,
aad Vice-President Fillmore acceded to
$J.W PER AITOCM, IN 1DTANCE.
WHOLE NUMBER, 194.
the Presidency,-taking the oath of otfico
on the 10th, in the Representatives' Hall,
in presence of both Hontesof Congress:
Franklin Pierce was inaugurated on'
the 4th of March, 1853. Tha proceed
ings of the inanguration were ia" accord
ance with the usual' formula. There
was a large military and civic procession'
by which the President elect:. -neon.
nied by ex-President Fillmore, was at
tended to the Capitol from his lodgings af
Willard's Hotel. Tho military portion
of the procession was unusually numer
ous, embracing many companies from
New York, Harrisburg, Baltimore, Rich
mond, Portsmouth. Va., and Alexandria;
and a battallion of U. S. artillory from
FortMcnenry. Tha weather was in
clement; but the gathering of people was
immense, in addition to tbe clubs, com
panies, official personages, Jtc., which
constituted the procession. The inau
guration took place, as usual, upon the
eastern portico of the Capitol ; and the
oath of office, at the conclusion of the in
augural address, was administered by
Chief Justice Taney.
James Buchanan was inaugurated oa
the 4th of March, 1857. Spectators ia
great numbers; from every part of the
Union, were present, the 'day- was pleas
ant, and the occasion was one of general1
rejoicing and festivity. A large civic
procession, with' a full military escort
under tha command, of Major General
Quitman, conducted the President elect
from his quarters at Willard's hotel to
the Capitol, where the ceremony of in
auguration was conducted as usual upon
the east portico. Chief Justice Taney,
administered the oath, at tha olose of Mr.
Buchanan's address. Soldiers and 'sail
ors followed the escort ; and among the
ornaments of procession were a. liberty
pple bearing the country's ensign, and
rising from a pedestal, on the side of
which were appropriate allegorical devi
ces, and a minatura ship from tho Navy
Yard, manned by ai juvenile crew. The
cannon of the Light Artillery announced
the conclusion of inaugural ceremonies
and tbe new President was greeted by
the cheers and plaudits of the assembled
people.
ai
IntarMtuur Iaformation.
Wo copy, from the last issue of tho
Topeka State Record, the following in
teresting letter of Mr. R. Wilson, or
Louisville, Kansas. Mr. Wilson is a
gentleman of high respectabilityf and his
statements deserve the consideration and
credibility of all our readers:
Editor State Rbcobd 8i: I notice
an article in your paper indicating a de
sire to get information relative to tbe
past seasons in Kansas, in order to be ia
some measure able to judga of what wo
may cxpeci in tne lutnre.
I came to the Indian Territory, now
Kansas, in tbo Spring of 1839; it was
an early one, the grass being six or eight
inches, all over the prairies, bv the 25th
of April. Corn that was planted early
was cut down by a severo frost bout the
first of May, but soon- recovered and
made a good crop. I planted seven acres
that year oa the 23d of Mar. and raised
50 bushels per acre; this was in the Wea
.Nation, near the Osage -River. Tho
spring and summer of 1840 I was loca
ted on Pottawatomie Creek. This was
a fair season, with mild showers of rain
during the whole summer and fall; 1841
I was on Sugar Creek, south side of tho
Osage. This was an average season and
fair crops; 1842 fsame place 1 I raised
40 bushels of corn per acre from the sod.
to rsisea a goou crop ot com aad oats,
44 was the hood, (not the one of Noah's
time, bnt of Kansas the rain began tho
first of May, and continued until the first
of July. I do not recollect any 24 hours
dnring that time that it did not rain.
Tbe bottom' lands of the Neosho. Kan
sas and Osage were all flooded to tho
depth of several feet; this year there waa
a heavy failure in crops. Tbe winter of
184S and '44 was long and cold, lasting
five months; wagons were crossing the
atissouri Kiver oa tbe ids aabl tae first
of April, '45; this year I raise! a good
crop of corn, oats, and winter wheat;
'46 an average season with fair returns;
'47, '48 and '49. all tolerably good , with
fair crops; '50, a heavy falling off per
haps oae half; '51 good; '52 the same;
'53 good also; '54 a failure, ao rare from
the 20th of June until May the next year;
from 1853 up to the present time you are .
perhaps as well posted as eayself.
As a general rule early seeding is tha
best; winter wheat ought to ha sown by
the last of August, well covered. .Oats
and corn as soon aa tho ground will ad
mit after the frost is out of it; almost all
my fanaiag has been on upland prairie.
r Respectfully yours,
ROBSBT WlLIOX.
Louisville, Pottawatomie Co., Jan.
14tb, 1861.
Mwoarrr PBtJTDCTTS. Ia 1804,'Mr.
Adams, who waa ia a minority of 141,
420, and who had much lass than half
of the popular Tots, waa elected by the
House of Representatives. In 1 844. ilr.
Polk was elected by the people, aad was
in a minority of 24,119. In 1848, Gee.
Taylor was elected. He was ia a asiaor-
ity of 151,708. in lBdo. Air. tJueaan
aa was elected. He was ia a miaority of
377,6291
A Qca-sr. Tbe Northera papers seem
dit-posed to aaaka a saint of Major An
derson. 8boold he not be fret cannon
iztd here ? Charleston Jferewry.
The number of persons who. arrive at
the age of 100 annually ia France is 148.
41
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