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THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE: WASHINGTON, D. 0., SEPTEMBER 9, 1882.
7
V
HOW HE WON HER.
As the lonely twilight hour
"Wrapped the world in silent gloom,
And the Bonjbcr, ghostly shadows
Hovered darkly round the room,
Whore a maiden nnd her lover
Sat in closo communion sweet,
Listening to their heart-boats,
"Wishing time were not so fleet.
"Darling," whispered he, so poftly,
She drew closer, just to hear
"I have loved you long and fondly,
"Won't you bo my truo wife, dear?
I'll be good, give up bad habits,
Give up drinking, smoke no more.'
Still she sat, unmoved nnd rigid
With her eyes cast on the floor.
"I will leave off chewing, darling."
Unrelenting still she sat.
' Join the church and live a Christian,
Now, my deafest, think of that! "
But she shut her lips together.
Shook her head and answered not,
And the silence was unbroken,
Save by biglis with sadness fraughti
Desperate now, ho wildly uttered
" I will give a diamond ring
As n seal to our engagement,
If your heart to me you'll bring."
Thou she raised her drooping optics,
Laid her head upon his breast,
Ab tremblingly she murmured
l Oh, my darling, I am blessed."
And there they sat, and sat until
The soft, dark arms of night,
That dusky nurse of our great world,
Had folded them from sight.
Pondering, planning, thinking
She of the diamond ring,
And he of how on earth
He was going to get the thing.
-Hose Garfield Clemens in " Our Continent,"
Rural Topics.
CONDUCTED BY WILLIAM SAUNDERS,
WASHINGTON, D. O.
Correspondence is solicited to this column. Com
munications addressed to the Rural Department
of The National Tribune, G15 Fifteenth. Street,
"Washington, D. 0. will bo appreciated.
Seasonable Operations And Hints.
Winter Treatment of Soils. As a rule
the -winter treatment of soils receives but
.little consideration. After the crops are
removed in the fall no further attention is
given to the ground until tho time arrives
for another crop, when it is plowed and the
crop put in as best it amy. Some vrlid work
strong soils pursue the practice of plowing
just before winter, for the purpose of secur
ing the pulverizing benefits of freezing and
thawing, which disintegrates the soil, and
produces a friability not easily attained by
mechanical means. Ob j ections to deep plow
ing are sometimes based upon the evil effects
of bringing poor subsoil to the surface, where
it hardens and prevents the growth of young
plants; this objection is greatly modified in
the case of fall plowing, the action of the
weather during winter rendering an inch
or two of subsoil utterly harmless in this
respect, and will render available for plant
food any inorganic substances which may
exist, which can only be brought into a con
dition to be useful to plants by exposure to
air and moisture. In this way soils may be
gradually deepened without producing the
evil effects which would, in many instances, ;
follow an immediate addition of four or five '
inches of subsoil to the surface. With light
lands, either sandy or gravelly) a different
course should be pursued. Possibly the very
best treatment of such is that which keeps
them constantly cropped, with the proviso
lhat one crop should yearly be plowed under ;
and this can be done without interfering
with its productive qualities; indeed it will
increase its productive capacity, so that in a
few years the land will be sensibly improved.
There is nothing to prevent this if the effort
is desired. It only requires prompt action
in putting in a crop as soon as one is remov
ed, which, with this class of soils, may be
accomplished in the driest Reason, as they
rarely become too compact for plowing, dif
fering altogether in this regard from clayey
or even strong, loamy soils. The details of
this management will admit of much varia
tion. For instance, in a field intended for
late potatoes, for sweet potatoes, for mel6ns,
or for late Bummer and early winter cab
bages, a orop of grnfcs, such as Italian rje
grass, may be sown in March, and
produce a good green crop for plowing
under about the end of May. Again: as
coon as a cotton or corn crop is harvested in
the fall, let tho land bo lightly plowed, or
run over it with a heavy harrow, then seed
it with rye. Thi3 will produce a notable
crop for plowing under when the time arrives
for spring cropping. Advantage can also be
taken of tho rapid growing millets, which
will, in summer, make a crop in five or six
weoks, which, when plowed under, will ma-
terially add to fertility. The poorest quality
of land may gradually be brought to a de
gree of fertility by plowing down green crops
without the addition of any other "kind of
fertilizer. Of course, where fertilizers are
available, they will sensibly supplement
this course, and it may be questioned
whether or not, in light soils, the best use of
artificial manures is to apply them to crops
which are to be plowed under for the en
richment of the land.
This course of treatment can be made of
much avail in the culture of vegetables, be
cause, where there is so great a diversity of
crops, there are greater opportunities for an
intermediate crop to be used as manure than
occur in the case of ordinary farm crops.
Frequent plowing is of itself a benefit to
cultivated lands, as there are but few s6ils
actnally deficient in inorganic materials for
plant growth, provided that they are duly
exposefl to the air, so that their latent prin
ciples of fertility may be rendered active and
available as plant food, or as they may ex
ercise an influence in the preparation of
plant food, by combination with other in
gredients in the soil or in the atmosphere.
Strawberries. Strawberry plantations may
be set out during this month. If good plants
are secured and a favorable growing season
occur after planting, they will form good
etong plants beforo winter, and if slightly
covered with strawy manure, leaves, or any
other loose matter tho plants will furnish a
few good berries next year. It has now be
come quite common for nurserymen to fur
nish potted plants at wonderfully low coat
considering the labor required to produce
them. Plants thus prepared, if set out in
good soil, and planted firmly in tho ground
an important point will furniah a fair aver
age crop next season.
Gathering Fruit. There ia as much discre
tion required in picking fruit at tho proper
time as there is in growing it. For market
purposes, fruits of all kinds are mostly gath
ered before maturity, and sold in that condi
tion, go lhat fruit consumers, whose only
knowledge of fruits is derived from purchases
in city markets, have but a faint idea as to
what finely ripened fruit is. Strawberries,
raspberries, grapes, and peaches will not
keep in good condition for any length of
time if fully ripened before being pickod. A
peach is in its best condition when left on
the tree until it will part from the branch
on a slight touch ; so with blackberries ; but
they cannot be taken to market in this con
dition without ruinous injury. 33ut there is
no fruit which depends so much upon proper
picking and ripening as the pear. Without
exception, pears should be picked from the
tree and ripened in the shade, protected
from light and air. Much of the diversity
of opinion which exists regarding the qual
ities of pears is owing to imperfect manage
ment in their ripening. Some fine pears,
such as Flemish Beauty, Clapp's Favorite,
Kirkland, Bcurro Superfine, &c, will hang
on the tree until they are a mass of decay,
although externally they appear sound and
solid. The proper time to gather pears may
bo ascertained by lifting tho fruit gently,
and if it parts from tho tree it indicates ap
proaching maturity; with all, except late
winter varieties, a good criterion is the color
ing of the seeds, which may be ascertained
by cutting au average specimen of the fruit;
when the seeds commence to color tho fruit
may be taken off and kept in cool apart
ment, where they will gradually ripen, and
should be used as they feel soft to the touch.
Winter Flowering Plants. Many of the
flower-garden plants, if carefully lifted and
potted about this time, may be made avail
able for furnishing flowers during the win
ter months in tho parlor windows or the
greenhouse. Young tea roses, which were
set out last spring, can now bo removed, pot
ted, and placed in a sheltered or shaded
position, will speedily form now roots, and
in time start into growth and form flower
buds.
It is essentially requisite that tho branches
or ohoota be pruned well bade when potted,
and this applies with equal force in the re
moval and preparation of such plants as
heliotrope, scarlet, oak-leaved, and other
kinds of scented geraniums, the double fever
fews, lantanas, &c. Tho winter flowering
daisies, so called, are now largely used for
winter flowers ; they are very iloriferous and
easily managed; the best nre Chrysanthemum
frutcscens, the truo "Marguerite" of the
French, and a golden yellow flowered sort,
called Etioile D'Or. Winter blooming car
nations are very satisfactory window plants;
they do not require so warm a temperature
for flowering as roses or heliotrope. A few
pots of mignonette seed sown now and set
in a shady spot until the plants are well up,
will flower about the end of tho year, if
taken into tho house about tho end of next
month. A few pots sown with seeds of the
sweet alyesum, and treated similar to the
last-, will afford flowers for many months.
Flowering plants have their beauty in
creased when associated with elegant, green
foliage, such as may be secured in some
ferns, especially the maiden-hair fern, which
is comparatively a hardy species, and is in
all respects a good plant for window culture.
If a few palms can be introduced they will
add a characteristic Oriental feature to the
collection. Among fan-leaved palms Laiania
borboniea and Chamxrops excelm ro two of
the best species for window gardening. The
date palm is also of easy culture, nod oablly
raised. A pound of dates from the grocery
store will afford seeds enough to produce
dozens of plants. The seeds vegetate quickly
that is, for palm seeds. many kinds re
quiring months, and even years before the
plants make their appearance. These palms
will endure a considerable degree of cold,
but tlvy should not be exposed to frost, al
though the Chamxrops will not be injured
by several degrees of frost Palms require
to be freely watered during summer.
Planting Trees. Where planting is con
templated this fall, attention should now be
given to the preparation of the ground. In
preparing for a fruit orchard the least that
should bo done is to plow tho whole as
deeply as can bo accomplished with a good
plow, taking narrow, deep furrows, and fol
low in each furrow with a suteoil plow, so as
to loosen up tho subtoil. Holes for the trees
may be made by first throwing the top soil
to one side, then throw out the subsoil on
the opposite side, making tho hole eighteen
inches deep, and not less than four feet in
diameter. The surface soil ia now placed in
the bottom, and enough additional taken
from the surrounding surface to fill the hole,
replacing it with the subsoil. This gives a
good start to the young trees, and when
once an orchard has a good start it will sel
dom dwindle if ordinary care in cultivation
and surface manuring is given.
In preparing for grapes in field culture it
will seldom be necessary to dig holes. A
deep furrow should be mado by plowing out
b6th ways and then pass tho subsoil through
the bottom of the furrow two or three times,
or until it is well stirred. This will leave a
trench quite deep enough to admit the grape
roots, and after the planting is finished the
furrow can bo closed by plow and harrow.
It is a mistake to plant too closely ; it is
probable that much of the failures of vines,
after giving two or three crops, is duo to the
thick planting, the roots become so plentiful
as io oceupy the whole of the ground, when
tho plants decline. Better to have tho rows
ten feet apart, and the plants from six to
eight feet apart in the lines of planting.
In selecting trees for planting the largest
aro not alwaj's the best. Medium sized trees
are lifted with better roots, are easier han
dled, are less liable to injury from transpor
tation, start quicker and grow faster than
tall plants that have been drawn up weakly
in thick nursery rows. Old trees have wider
spread roots, which are certain to be severely
abridged in tho lifting. The tops must then
bo pruned severely to correspond with the
destruction of tho roots, so that there is
nothing gained in the way of size. Two-year
old trees of the apple, pear, plum, and cherry,
and one year old of tho peach, are tho best
sizes, and of these, stocky, low branched spec
imens will bo found to givo most satisfac
tion. Hatbing Forest Trees from Seed.
(continued.) Transplanting. It may bestaled
that in all cases small trees arc easier trans
planted than largo ones. Tho best time for
tho removel or tho young plants from the
seed beds will be governed by theaizo rather
than by the uc of the plants. Some plants
will reach as groat a height in six months
from the llm of sowing the seeds oa others
will in three or four years. Silver maple
seed sown in June will produce trees from
two to three feet high the first summer, so
that they are fit to transplant to their per
manent locations in six mouths from the
airing of tho eeetL On tho other- haudra
horsechcstnnt would probably require three
years to attain a similar height.
To insure tho best results upon final trans
planting, tho young plants should be re
moved from the seed bed when of sufficient
size for easy handling. All those that have
made a growth of eighteen inches or over
the first year will be fit for removal at once.
Others may be allowed to remain two or more
years in the seed bed beforo removal. All of
the oaks, hickories, the tulip tree, the wal
nuts, the beech, aud the sugar and red ma
ples should not be allowed to make more
than two years' growth before removal into
nursery rows, where they may remain for a
year or two, after which they may be trans
planted to the permanent locations with but
little risk of failure from the operation.
Where it is intended to plant thickets, or
close belts of trees for the purpose of shelter
ing exposed fields or buildings of any kind,
and the land can be spared for the purpose, the
young plants may be removed at once from
the seed drills to their permanent locations
and set out in rows drawn from three to
four feet apart, the latter distance tho best,
to admit of thorough culture with the
'horse-cultivator.
These rows may bo planted thickly, say
from ten inches to sixteen inches apart, thus
using them as nursery rows, and after two
years' growth the rows can bo thinned outj
aud now plantations mado with tho extra
plants which will then bo in tho best possi
ble nursery condition for removal.
Before planting, tho ground should be
deeply plowed and broken up, tho deeper
tho better, so that tho roots may descend
aud thus bo less liable to suffer from dry
weather tho first summer after planting.
To grow good trees requires as much
labor as to grow good corn; at no time
should weeds be allowed to interfere with
tho crop; in a few years the trees will furnish
so dengo a shado that weeds will not grow
under them.
When trees are planted for tho sake of
their timber, a thorough, systematic ordor of
procedure is adopted. Suppose, for exam
ple, it is contemplated to raiso a forest of
walnut trees, and that it has been decided to
plant them in rows thirty feet apart in
every direction. Then tho "intervening
spaces will bo filled in with other trees until
they staud, say three feet, or three feet by
six feet apart. Exactly in tho centre be
tween each walnut tree an ash tree is set
out, and again between these and the wal
nuts place a rapid growing poplar, and fill
up the intermediate spaces with willows or
any other kind of tree which can be utilized
when in a young state. This is an exam
ple of arrangement in planting which may
or may not bo the best to adopt, but
it illustrates the principle, which is to
plant thickly and thin out as growth pro
gresses, so that rapid growing plants will
form a shelter and act as nurses to the more
slow growing and more valuable trees.
Even if it is desired to grow only ono kind
of tree, it will, in many cases at least, be
profitable to plant them thick to begin with.
For example, the catalpa and osago orange
aro both valuable timber trees, but inclined
to branch low, and form rather crooked
stems; but when planted thick they
can be drawn up into clean, tall steuis?
attention being given to thinning them
out judiciously as they progress in size.
Any tree that inclines to grow crooked
or become 6tunted, should be cut off on a
level with tho ground. Ono or more shoots
will then proceed from the stump, tho best of
which should bo selected for the future tree,
all others taken off. A tall, straight growth
will thus bo insured.
Fruit CRors in Britain. From returns
of the fruit cropa of Britain wo learn that
apples and peats are very much under an
average, and lhat tho ntit crop is also under
an average, aud that walnuts aro a thin
crop generally. With regard to apples this
country can probably go far in supplying
the deficiency ; but wo aro not advised in
regard to the exportation of pears, our sup
ply of this fruit is perhaps not moro than
sufficient for home consumption; but if not,
why not? Cannot this country furnish
pears enough and to spare? Wo think so,
provided the trees arc planted.
Then, in regard to walnuts, wo are at
present dependent upon foreign countries
for our commercial supply. Tho European
walnut, which is the species here alluded
to, can bo grown over a largo portion of this
country. An orchard of these trees would,
doubtless, be more profitable than an equal
extent of peaches or apples, taking one year
with another. The trco is not liable to
diseases of any .kind which would invalidate
the annual crop; they aro productive, and
the nuts bring good prices. Evidently there
is an opportunity hero for a comparatively
new industry, which promises well.
Silos. The expensive silop which havo
been considered necessary to preserve ensi
lage will, it is believed, soon becomo obsolote.
Some of the oldest and most oxtensivo ex
perimentors with ensilago aro gradually
cheapening the cost and tho filling of silos.
A mere pit dug in tho field whero the ensi
lage may happen to be growing, no cement
ing of tho sides or bottom, and no particular
care given as to having the sides perpendicu
lar, and covered with roofing-felt in order to
prevent intermixing of. the soil, which is
thrown over it to press it down and exclude
air. A portable steam engine is taken to the
field to drive the cutting machine, and the
ensilage spread in tho pit, and well tramped
by driving horses to and fro over it while
being filled, Which compresses it sufficiently.
Some operators who started out with expensively-built
silos havo now como down to
this cheap method, and find that the ensi
lage keeps just as woll in these pits, from
which it is hauled out as required for uso.
Profits in Silk Worms. L. Capsadell,
secretary of the New York Silk Exchange,
writes as follows to tho Farmer's Jicvicw:
"Some time ago you published an article on
silk culture, taken from my circular, that
gave some idea of the profits that would ac
crue from same. But since then, I havo had
much experience thai has shown mo one can
do even better. In fact, the figures below
are a little startling, but they are true:
Ono acre will contain 500 Morns Japonicn
Mulberry trees tj icei ;
Mulberry trees 12 feet apart.,
500 trees will feed 100,000
eel HKMKA) worms
100,(100 worms will f pin 100.(00 cocoons..
re
loO.OOO cocoons will givo
M.ofw male nutl
:M,WJ ifmnie moiiir.
00,000 fenmlo moths will lay 500 ounces of
CAE3
500 ozj. of eggs, 52.00 per or.., will five 51,000
100,000 cocoon, from which the joths havo
einerstd, will givo 200 lbs. u 80 enls 100
Totnl S1.100
"All for eight Aveeks' work, providod the
race of worm was Pyrenean, and good care
had been taken.
"If they do nojuh-to give so.nmcu time
and care, then let them stifle their cocoons
as soon as spun. This number of worms will
give 271 pounds of dried cocoons, which, at
tho present average low price, $1.00, will
yield them. $271
" I would not advise people to go into egg
raising the first year. Better commence
with 100 trees and one-half ounce of eggs.
Then, if successful, and their breeds are un
mixed, they can prepare for work on tho
larger and more profitable scale.
"People should not allow themselves to bo
victimized by unprincipled dealers in silk
culture requisites. Some have written me
they have paid $-10 per ounce for eggs, and
from a circular just received, I find one party
asks 40 cents per hundred. At this rate, one
ounce (40,000) would cost $1G0.
" Every one in tho United States may buy
eggs at 25 conts per thousand, or four dol
lars per ounce, and less than 50 should start
thorn, trees and all."
Trees in Cities. A. Sacramento, Cal.,
paper bears testimony to thefact that in that
city disastrous and wide-spread conflagrations
havo frequently been averted, almost solely
through the agency of shade trees. The,
trees servo to prevent tho passage of burn
ing debris through tho air the embers which
would otherwise bo blown from house to
house aud from block to block being caught
in the upper branches, and falling thonce
harmlessly to the ground. In the summer,
trees act as screens between houses and
blocks, moderating the heat of fires, and in
terposing a barrier which is seldom passed
by the flames. When we add to these very
practical considerations tho valuo of trees in
breaking tho forco of the wind, enhancing
tho beauty of a city, nnd affording a grate
ful shade to pedestrians, it will bo aeon that
trees planted along city streets pay for
themselves many times over and in many
different ways. A community which acts
on tho suggestions thus enforced, not only
ministers to ita aesthetic tastes and promotes
culture and tho love of the beautiful, but
erects a barrier against fires and checks the
spread of conflagrations in one of the sim
plest and most common -senso ways con
ceivable. Salt as a Fertilizer. I am in favor
of using salt as a fertilizer and as an insect
destroyer. I have used it on alluvial and
diluvial laud with good effect. Last year on
fifteen acres of corn I applied eight bushels
of salt to tho acre, after drilling in the seed
about one kernel to tho foot. On that field
there were no cut worms, while my brother,
who doubled the efficacy of salt, planted
without, and the cut worms destroyed a
large share of his crops, so ho had to plant
over. In the cultivation of turnips I have
succeeded in destroying the black fly com
pletely through the use of salt. I have tried
salt in alternate strips in my wheat field
and found, where the application was made,
no Hessian fly, while on tho other strips the
loss from ravages of tho fly was estimated at
five to eight bushels to tho acre. Farmers
hero who have not proved its effect, and do
not care to venture largely, join and buy a
car-load, for it is cheaper to get it in bulk
and parcel out after it is received. Exchange.
rJhurj-lvbof. Tho cause of club-root in
cabbage has been proved by Woroniu to bo
a parasitie vegetable which lives and feeds
' - ll- 1 lil A I "I V 1
ou me neaitny tissue oi umorenc cruciierous
plants. All weeds of that order (producing
pods, like turnips, mustard, radishes, &c.,)
should be carefully eradicated while laud is
being rested preparatory to a ronewal of
cabbage growing.
Stacking Grain. Ono who claims to
understand the stacking of grain and hay,
says : The secret of success is to tread down
hard in the middle, keep it level with the
outride, and not tread any there. When it
settles it is tho highest in the middle, and
that is what you want. He makes all stacks
low, so that ono man can do the pitching
easily ; makes four closo together, tops off
with hay partly cured, nnd keeps it in place
by wires weighted with blocks.
Cotton Seed. Over ?3,000,000 worth of
cotton seed meal is imported into Great
Britain annually, to feed cattle, and tho Lon
don Agricultural Gazette stj-les it "the very
best food imported, and by its uso English
grazers" can compete with the American."
Roquefort Cheese. The famous Roque
fort cheese is made from tho milk of sheep of
a peculiar breed, which for many generations
havo been bred specially for their milk giv
ing qualities.
To tho Editor National Tribune.
Dear Sir: Will you please, through the
columns of The Tribune, give the best
method for stopping cows from sucking
themselves, tho plan, and how to apply the
same? Yours, A. S. S.
Herkimer Co., N. Y.
Answer. Wo havo seen an arrangement
of a leather band studded with sharp spikes,
and fastened on the head as a muzzle, which
effectually prevented tho evil complained of.
THE LORILLARD FARM.
An Establishment Requiring Sonio Four Hundred
Hands.
A Trenton correspondent of the Jersey
City Journal says : I have just returned from
a short visit to that justly celebrated place,
tho Lorillard farm. We a party of six
left tho Trenton station at 1.17 p. m. for
Kiakora, three miles below Bordentown.
Here we change cars for Jobstown, a ride of
fifteen minutes through a highly cultivated
country. From this ono of tho oldest vil
lages in New Jersey we take a ten-minutes'
walk, and enter tho spacious gardens south
of tho Lorillard mansion. We first enter the
green-houses, of which there aro several large
ones, filled with rare flowers and tropical
fruits. Wo found Mr. Lorillard in one of the
green-houses. He most heartily invited us
to enjoy ourselves about his placo ad libitum.
As wo stood near tho mansion we had a
splendid view of his vast domains, compris
ing 1,500 acres, and nearly all under a high
state of cultivation. Tho surface of the
wholo farm is gently undulating, and tho
soil a sandy loam most excellently adapted
for grain, grass, or fruit. Several large farm
houses are seen in different directions. Eight
largo windmills roraind us of Holland ; these
are ueed for bringing water to different points
on tho farm whero it is needed. We now
leavo the grounds adjoining tho manBion and
walk down a well-graded road to the pork
department. Here we find sixty of tho finest
specimens of swine we havo over seen. The
arrangements for their comfort arc complete.
:V building several hundred feet in length,
divided into compartments, gives to each
breed quarters of their, qwji, bQth.ns to-fiejaj
and outside yard. Extending the whole
length of tho building is a car-track, along
which, on wheels, largo tubs aro pushed,
giving to each pen the food necessary for its
occupants. In tho rear of these buildings is
a corn-crib several hundred feet in length.
We pas3 from this building to a large circu
lar barn several hundred yards distant,
where wo find a largo number of blooded
horses, many of them having won great vic
tories on hotly-contested fields. They were
just returning from their morning exercise,
and as ono after the other passed by us, each
giving us a friendly look, wo said: "Blood
will tell in horses as well as in men." The
arrangements for these horses are all that
man or beast could desire. Wo visited other
stables and found them all models of con
venience nnd comfort. I think it would
gladden the heart of Mr. Bergh to visit this
place and see how happy horses can be
when cared for by such a man as our friend
Lorillard.
The order everywhere prevailing is most
remarkable. We did not hear a loud word
anywhere. When we first entered the
grounds some twenty or more men and boys
were exercising the horses on the race-course,
but not a loud word did wo hear. All was
as orderly as a company of cadets on drill at
West Point, every man and boy quietly at
tending to his own business. If asked a
question they give a polite answer, and go
on with their work as if no one were present.
Four hundred men are employed on these
grounds, in the different departments of
labor. Four hundred horses were roaming
about the fields or enjoying a noonday rest
in their stalls.
HOUSEHOLD HINTS.
To Preserve Plums Without the
Skins. Pour boiling water over large egg
or magnum bonum plums; cover them until
cold ; then pull off the olcins. Make a syrup
of a pound of sugar and a teacup of water
for each kind of fruit; make it boiling hot
and pour it OTer; let them renmin fbr a day
or two, then drain it, off and boil again ;
skim it clear and pour it hot over the plums ;
let them remain until the next day, then put
them over the fire in the syrup ; boil them
very gently until clear ; take them from the
syrup with a skimmer into the pots or jars;
boil the syrup until rich and thick; take off
any scum which may Arise, then let it cool
anil settle, and pour it over the plums. If
brown sugar is used, which is quite as good
except for green gages, clarify it.
To Dry Plums. Split ripe plums, take
the stones from them, and lay them on plates
or sieves to dry in a warm oven or hot sun ;
take them in at sunset and do not put them
oitt again until the sun will be upon them ;
turn them that thfcymaybe done evenly;
when perfectly dry pack them in jars or
boxes lined with paper, or keep them in bags ;
hang them in an airy place.
To Keep Damsons. Put them in small
stone jars or wide-mouth glass bottles, and'
set them up to their necks in a kettle of cold
water; set it over the fire to become boiling
hot ; then take it off, and let the bottles re
main until the water is cold ; the next day
fill the bottles with cold water, and cork and
seal them. These may be used the eame.as
fresh fruity 'Green gages may bo done in
this wsy.
Plum Marmalade. Simmer the plums
in water until they become soft, and then
strain them and pass the pulp through a
sieve. Put it in a pan over a alow fire, to
gether with an equal quantity of powdered
loaf sugar ; mix the wholo well together, and
let it simmer for some time until it becomes
of the proper consistence. Then pour it into
jelly-pots and cover tho Burfaco with pow
dered lbaf sugar.
To Preserve Green Gages. Pick and
prick alt the plums, put them into a preserving-pan
with cold water enough to cover
them ; let them remaiu on tho fife nntil the
water simmers well, then take off and allow
them to stand until half cold, putting the
plums to drain. To every pound of plums
allow one pound of sugar, which mnst be
boiled in the water from which the plums
have been taken; let it boil very fast until
the syrup drops short from tho spoon, skim
ming carefully all tho time. When the sugar
is sufficiently boiled put in the plums, and
allow them to boil until the sugar covers the
pan with large bubbles; then pour the whole
into a pan and let them remain until the
following day; drain the syrup from the
plums as dry as possible, boil it up quickly,
and pour it over the plums, then set them
by ; do this a third and a fourth time. On
the fifth day, when the syrup is boiled, put
the plums into it and let them boil for a few
minutes, then put them into jars. Should
the green gages be over ripe it will be better
to mako jam of them, using three-fourths of
a pound of sugar to one pound of fruit.
Warm the jars beforo putting the sweet
meats in, and bo careful not to boil the sugar
to a candy.
Jam of Green GacE3. Put ripo green
gages into a kettle with very little water,
and lot them stew until soft, then rub them
through a sievo or colandor, and to every
pint of pulp put a pound of whito sugar pow
dered fine; then put it in a preserving kettle
over the fire, stir it until the-whole is of the
consistence of jolly, then take it off; put the
marmalado in small jars or tumblers and
cover. Any sort of plums may bo done in
this manner.
Preserved Peaches. Tako fine ripe
freestone peaches; pare them, cut them in
halves aud remove tho stones. Havo ready
a sufficiency of tho best double-refined loaf
sugar finely powdered. Weigh tho sugar
and tho peaches together, putting the sugar
into ono scale and tho peaches into the other,
nnd balancing them evenly. Put the peaches
into a large pan or tureen, and strew among
them one-half of the sugar. Cover them and
let them stand in a cool placo till next morn
ing. Then take all the juice from them and
put it into a porcelain preserving kettle with
the remainder of tho sugar. Set it over a
moderate fire and boil and skim it. When
it is boiling well, and tho scum has ceased
to rise, put in the peaches and boil them till
they are perfectly clear, but not till they
break ; carefully skimming them. Boil with
thorn a handful of fresh clean peach-leavea
tied in a bnnch. When quito clear take the
peaches out of tho syrup, and put them on a
flat, sloping diah to drain into a deep dish
placed below it. Tako this syrup that has
drained from tho peaches, put it to tho syrup
in tho kettlo, and give it ono mors bou up-.
Then throw aWaf tho leaves. Lay Hio
peaches flat in small glass jars. pVur an
equal portion of tho hoi syrup into each jar,
-and put on tho top d tablespoonful of the
best whito brandy. Cork tho jars, and paste
tfowa PP5.clQS9Jy oyex the mutf of -fftchV
CLAIMS ! CLAIMS !
This Claim House Established
in 1865 1
GKEOKGE E. LEMON,
ATTOENEY-AT-LAW,
Offlce,615 Fifteenth St., (Citizen's National Bank,)
WASHINGTON, D. O.
P. O. DRAWEE 325.
Pensions.
If -wounded, Injured, or have contracted any dis
ease, however slight the disability, apply at once.
Thousands entitled.
Heirs.
"Widows, minor children, dependent mothers, fa
thers, ami minor brothers aud sisters, in the order
named, nro entitled.
War of 1812.
All surviving officers and soldiere of this war,
whether in tho Military or Naval service of the
United States, who served fourteen (14) days; or, if
In a battle or skirmish, for a less period, aud tho
widows of such who have not remarried, are en
titled to a pension of eight dollars a month. Prool
of loyalty ia no longer required in these claims.
.Increase of Pensions.
Pension laws are more liberal now than former
ly, and many aro now entitled to a higher rata
thnn they receive.
From and fter January, 1SS1, 1 shall mako no
charges for my services in claims for increase ot
pension, where no now disability is alleged, unless
successful in procuring: tho increase.
Restoration to Pension Roll.
Pensioners who havo been unjustly dropped
from the pension roll, or whoe names have been
stricken therefrom by reason of failure to draw
their pension for a period of three years, or by
reason of re-enlistment, may have their pensions
renewed by corresponding: with this House.
Desertion
from one regiment or vessel and enlistment in an
other, is not a bar to pension in cases where tho -.
wound, disease, or injury was incurred while In tho
servico of tho United States, and hi tho lino oi(
duty.
Land Warrants,
Survivors of all wars from 1790 to March 3, 1S55,
nnd certain heirs, are entitled to ono hundred and
siity acres or land, if not already received. SoW
diors of tho late Avar not entitled.
Land Warrants purchased for cash at the highest
market rate, and assignments perfected. s
Cbrrespdndonc'e invited.
Prisoners of War
Ration money promptly collected.
Furlough Rations.
Amounts duo collected without unnecessary do
lay. Such claims cannot be collected without the
furlough.
Horses Lost in Service.
Claims cjf this character promptly attended to.
Matty claims' bf this character have been erroi
ncously rejected. Correspondence iu such cased is
respectfully invited.
Bounty and Pay
Collections promptly made.
Property taken by the Army in
States not in Insurrection;
Claims of this character will receive special at
tention, provided they were filed beforo January 1,
1&TJ. If not filed prior to that date t hoy are barred
by statute of limitation.
In addition to the abovo wo prosecute Military
and Naval claims of e-cry description, procure Pat
ents, Trnde.Marks, Copyrlcht, attend to business
before the General Land Otlico and other Bureau
of the Interior Department, and ull tho Depart
ments of the Government.
VTc invito correspondence from all interested, as
suring them bf the utmost promptitude, energy,
and thoroughness in all matters intrusted to our
hands.
GEORGE E, LEMON,
EEFERENCES:
As this may reach tho hands of some persons un
acquainted with this House, wo append hereto, as
specimens of the testimony in our possession,
copies of letters from several gentlemen of political
nnd military distinction, and widely known
throughout the United States:
House op Repkesextatives,
"Washington. D. C. March . isrs
From several years' acquaintance with Captain
George 15. Lemon of this city, I cheerfuh com
mend him ns n gentleman of integrity and well
qualified to attend to tho collection of bounty nnd
other claims against the Government. His expe
rience in that line gives him superior advantages
W. P. SPHAGUE, M. C,
Fifteenth District of Ohio.
JAS. D. STRAWBRIDGE, M. C,
Thirteenth District of Pennsylvania
House op Representatives,
Washington, D. C, March 1, 1S7S.
We, tho undersigned, having an acquaintaneo
with Captain George 13. Lemon for the past few
years, and a knowledge of the systematic manner
in which he conducts his extensive business, and of
his reliability for fair and honorable dealing con
nected therewith, cheerfully commend him to
claimants generally.
A. V. RICE. Chairman
Committee on Invalid Pensions, House Sena.
W. F. SLEMONS. M. C,
Second District of Ark.
"W.P.LYXDE.M.C..
Fourth District of Wis.
R. W. TOWNSHEXD, M. C,
Sineteenlh District of III.
Citizens' National Bank,
Washington, D. C, Jan. 17, 1879.
Captain Georqk E. Lemon, attorney and agent
for the collection of war claims at Washington city,
is a thorough, able, and exceedingly well-informed
man of business, of high character, and entirely
responsible. I belicvo that the interests of all
hnving war claims requiring adjustment cannot bo
cflnftded to safer handj.
JNO. A. J. CRESWELL.
Pruideni.
SIT Any person desiring information as to my
standing and responsibility will, on request, be fur
UUllcd With a satisfactory rr ferenco in his own
vicinity or Congressional District.
64KU9. KMDKU9. Vm
ni 1 1 Ou fit nit Ui tit m i 06 f i 1 1
' Frl T?tf-. Iffiinn r..k4ci V1wk.
Ritunln, with Key, pocket form, morocco and
- Send for catalogue to
SC . 14A30NIO ROOK AOKNCY.
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ilontion this paper.
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