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THE WKXK&Y HILO TRIBUNK, HII.O, HAWAH,.
FRIDAY,
MARCH if, 1904,
3
A Bad Skin
Pilck your skin with a ncodlo. You
will see It is (till of blood, full nil tho
tltno. Hut wli.it kind of blood? lticb
aud puro Or tlilti nnil Impure? l'uro
blood make tliu skin rltiar, snioolli,
healthy, liupuif) blood uuvti.i llicsklu
with pimples, sores, lwlls, tut .un,
oruptlous, toiler, salt-rhouiu.
1 iJh I I I
1
i
Mr. Frank ttewctt, of KalROorlle, "W. A., ,
en(lliljihotcKraihiicHellluU'iireillilii , .
" When a boy my iklnlihikoout lnblurc I
about my lands. Aftrr trjluj; a prcat nmiy j
remedies In vain, 1 took ."r's .Samaparllla
nil was quickly curril. llccently I was
troubled sr.iIii wltli imrtu 1i ills, l.ut onu bot
tle of the same old rntu'dy iinpleU'ly vurrd
me. It's this rrc.tit Mwd purltyliiK i.ifll
clno In the world."
AYER'S
Sarsaoarilla
t
There urc many .mllntloii Harsajiarlllas."
I!u Min- yon pet Ajrr's, .
Aid the PariuKirllli by ke;iliiRour Ixmels
in Rood uoinlitioii w tilt A jcrV I'M.
Prtparrd h Dr. J. C. A)tr Co., I owtll. Mit U.S.A.
For Sale by HILO DRUG COMPANY
KEYSTONE
SALOON
Draught Boer IO Conts
When you need a drink call
at the KEYSTONE, comer
Front and Pouohawai streets.
A first class line of
WINES
LIQUORS
always on hand.
Tolophono IO
W. DOWNER
Proprietor.
UNION
SALOON
Skipman Strkht
Open from 5 A.M. to 11 I'.M.
First Class
LIQUORS
WINES AND
CORDIALS
At Moderate Prices
Mixbd and Fancy Drinks
Concocted by
1
Experienced Mixologists
The Celebrated
Honolulu Primo Beer
and
Rainier Beer
On Draught.
Ten Cents a Class
FRISK LUNCH
J.
C. SERRAO,
Proprietor.
JAS. M. CAMERON,
Plumber, Tinner,
Metal Worker.
Mr. Cumerop is prepared to jive esti
mates 011 all klnils of Plumbing Work
aud to guarantee all work done.
m&in im
KAI'A M.VKINU.
Pa per Hi-nil by JIIm IImitIH (.'01111
llrforc Ti-iicIhmh of lliwiill.
I The following sketch wns pre-
I pared, not for ndult readers, but hi
very sitnpk form to suit the com
prehension of fifth and sixth grade
readers in our schools of mixed
nationalities. A fuller article, well
illustruted, from W. T. Hrigham's
pen aud camera may be found in
Tin urn's Annual of 1896.
1 In giving this paper at the Union
'School, the writer has had the
pleasure of using implements and
specimens owned by Dr. Wetmore.
The ancient people of Hawaii
always knew how to make knpa.
The first of them who came from
afar to live here did the work as
they had done it elsewhere in their
former islnnd homes, Samoa per
haps, or Kahiki. Hut they im
proved in the many hundreds of
years that passed; and up to the
time when they began to use
"haole" cloth, they were known as
the most skillful kapa makers
among the Pacific islanders.
If the beginning they did not
find here the plants that give the
best bark for knpa, they sent back
for them to the southern islands by
some of those wonderful canoe
voyagers we have read about.
The waoke aud mamake arc the
two plants best for kapn, and I have
read that the waoke was brought
j here by the ancients from their old
l southern homes. N
The mamaki is a bush, or shrub,
that grows ativwhcre in the ravines
and along the sides of wild roads,
as in the woods. It has pretty pink
veins in its tender young leaves.
The berrys grow thick on the small
branches, aud look like mulberries,
only they are white. They are not
poisonous, but havent much taste.
Waoke grows in very tall shoots,
twelve or fifteen feet high, or even
higher. The yolmg leaves have
dark red veins. The leaves are
much larger, thicker and rougher
than mamaki. The plant is more
common in. Kona than on this side
of the island. It is better for kapa,
because the tall stems without hardly
any branches give a long fiber easy
to strip off. The natives used to
cultivate it as carefully as they did
kalo. They saved the roots to plant
again. The strong roots or small
shoots, run under ground and grow
up into new plants as pikaki roots
do.
Kapa can be made from other
barks too. The Satuoarfs make i
much kapa from breadfruit bark. I
It is not as fine as the Hawaiian J
bark of mamaki or waoke.
The work of the men was to cut
the fresh young shoots, strip off the
bark and scrape away the colored
outer part, as women scrape tue
green part off the bamboo for straw.
They did this on a
long narrow
smooth board, with
scrapers made
of bamboo or shell. Some of these
tools are to be seen in Bishop's
museum. Then they carefully tied
the long strips of the white cLuued
bark in bunches, and the women
put it to soak for several days, pet
haps a week or more.
Then the women made ready to
pound the softened bark. In
ancient times each well-to-do family
had several separate houses on the
premises. One special house was
for kapa making: in later times
, they more often made it out of doors.
I They always had to dry it out of
1 doors; that was why Iliim wanted
longer days, you know, and sent
1 Maui to catch the sun on Ilaleakala
undent off his best legs, so he could
! not travel away so fast every night.
It was just mauka here, at the
, Natural Bridge in the Wailuku,
'that IIiiiu and her women made
their kapa. You cuii sce'tlte place
now where they dried it on the
rocks of the open river bed above
the falls. Very good kapa was
made in Olaa also.
The kapa workers sat-down on
the ground before their kapa board.
Thut was from four to six leet long,
but only about four inches wide
I hard, rounded at the top, hollowed
a little underneath, and set up a bit
from the ground on stones. When
1 the women beat 011 it you could hear
a ringing tap, tap, tap. Another
woman, or young girl, perhaps sat
with the worker to hand her fresh
strips of bark, wet the kapa pounders
from the water calabash, clean out
the grooves in the same, and help !
join the band, of cloth mid then lay
it out to dry.
The woman with the kapa pounder
bcat the wet, sticky bark into a pulp
with a heavy, round, simply-lined
beater made ofikauila wood. When
it was well pounded she heat it out
into a long strip, using also other
pounders with squares or other pat
terns cut into their sides. When
the strip was thin and delicate she
struck it all over, bit by bit, with
these patterned beaters, not for
color, but for stamp. Hold kapa
up to the light and you see these
patterns beaten into the material,
us you can sometimes see figures or
words in a piece of writing paper.
The Hawaiians have names for all
these patterns. The diamond-shaped
stamp looks like the meshes of fish
nets, and that is just what tlu-ycall
it "upena," or net.
They could not make a large,
wide kapa all at once; they made
the cloth in strips, aud beat the
edges together so carefully that no
one can sec the joining places.
It took at least four days to make
an ordinary'shcet of good kapa
sheets as large as a common bed
sheet. For chiefs' beds aud clothing
they made the pieces much larger.
But this was not coloring. The
original kapa was pale brown or
dull white. The Hawaiians used
dyes from the fruit, bark cr roots of
'a number of plants; some names
are lamiliar even now. The roots
of oloua, a plant of the woods
make yellow; banana stains brown;
red is made from the root of the
noni, which is a broad-leaved, way
side shrub bearing an odd-shaped
pale yellow fruit. To make gray
they used fine powdered charcoal
dust, or muddy water. They also
knew oil paints. One thinks of
their red paints in going by earth
banks streaked with red soil, or in
looking down into Ouoinea gulch
at the bright little island sitting
there in the edge ol the water. The
people ground this red soil fine in
stone dishes and mixed it with oil
from the cocoa nut or kukui. Some
times they covered the whole cloth
with this paint and made it water
proof. And they used the paint on
other things besides kapa.
Some kapas they stained all one
color, as brown, yellow or pd, and
some they stamped in colored pat
terns. We can surely say that the
Hawaiians knew how to ' print be
fore they ever heard of the famous
invention 111 Germany. ihey
carved their stamps (like type) at
one end of a narrow bamboo stick
about a foot long. The carving it
self was only three or four inches
long. This end they dipped in the
dye, then patiently and carefully
painted the color 011 to the cloth,
inch bv inch, matc'iitm theioininirs
I ood color Uml docs 1JJt fadCi
Q somet:ms .!,., ruled verv
straight, even Hues across the kapa
with slender wooden points a little
like forks. The kauila wood used
for the kapa pounders 'and other
implements is black and very hard.
Sled runners, spears and war clubs
were made of it.
The Hawaiians are fond of per
fumes and sweet smelling plants.
They scented kapa with ginger,
maile, sandal wood and other plant
pertumes.
It was common to make five
thick kapas about as long as bed
sheets, aud sew them together at
one end. Their needles and thread
wete made from plants, too. Four
of the kapas usually were while;
the fifth one, used at the top, was
printed with color. They were used
for bed coverings as we use sheets
iMtuui 11.1 unw niiwvjin
kets. '
uost beautiful kapa was
the "aliis. ' The white
and. blankets
The most
made for
lace kapa was used only for baby
blankets in families of high rank. J
There is one now in the Bishop ,
Museum formerly used in the family I
of Kaniehameha III, "the good
Kainehameha." The finest red '
kapa was for the chiefs too, and for
the gods. Every new year in No-1
vember the new year god was
dressed up in fresh red kapa.
The other gods had new clothes
too.
The clothes? Well, a man wore
a narrow cloth called a malo, the
women wore a broad one wrapped
many times around her waist and
c 11 0 a pan that means n skirt.
Man or woman sometimes wore u
, ki it - that m ir a blanket or
Ish.iwl. It was onl) n large square,'
piece of pretty kapc thrown over
the hack and shoulders and lied at
two corners over otic shoulder to
keep it in place. They did not need
much clothing; they wear more now
uttaim: nicy iiuiuuu luicigu lu-in-
ious.
Another use of kapa was to roll
it into smnll wicks, which they used
in a float in a sione lamp filled with
cocoa nut oil, or lighted to keep or
carry a slow fire, like a boy's stick
of punk. White kapa was a sign
of taboo. The ancient "kapu
poles" at the entrances of chiefs'
dwellings were crowned by a ball of
white kapa.
Otic thing we must notice, not
only the skill of the kapa maker,
but the skill of those who shaped
aud carved in delicate patterns the
beaters and other tools made of hard
kauila woud. Their only cutting
lt.AAitn. 41a. a I ta I i . ft a rnkitl ftn 1
tools were sharp stones, shells and
bamboo.
i'ntinnitiiitacsi
Senator Spooner was making an
impassioned speech in the Senate:
"Who were more entitled to free
dom, Mr. President," he said,
"than these people, who were sub
ject to extortion, blackmail, robbery
by their government these Pana
manians, if that is the proper way
to call them."
"Call them Pauamaniacs," in
terjected Senator Morgan, who was
sitting at his desk with his eyes
closed and apparently asleep.
"Well, then, Pauamaniacs,"
snapped Senator Spooner, after the
laugh had subsided, "but I will
say, Mr. President, that all the
maniacs urc not in Panama."
But it never touched Senator
Morgan. He didn't open his eyes
even.
ClIAMMiRLAIN'S COUGH RlJMKDV
is intended especially for coughs,
colds, whooping cough and influen
za. It has become famous for its
cures of these diseases over a large
part of the civilized world. The
most flattering testimonials have
been received giving accounts of its
good works; of the aggravating
and persistent coughs it has cured;
of severe colds that have yeilded
promptly to its soothing effects,
and of the dangerous attacks of
croup it has cured often saving the
life of the child. The extensive
use of it for whooping cough has
shown that it robs that disease of
all dangerous results. It is especi
ally prized by mothers because it
contains nothing injurios; and
there is not the least danger in giv
ing it, even to babies. It always
cures and cures quickly. The Hilo
Drug Store sells it.
M. 6. IRWIN & CO., Ltd.
1
Sugar Factors,
Commission Agents.
Sole Agents Tor
National Cane Shredders,
Baldwin Locomotives,
Alex. Cross & Sons' Sugar Cane
and Coffee Fertilizers.
Patent Barley
Milk Sugar
Eskay's Food
Wyeth's Food
Peptogenic
Milk Powder
Mellin's Food
Malted Milk
AM, SIZES
HEADQUARTERS FOR
Baby Foods and
Supplies
HILO
DRUG
COMPANY
k
1 J
j
!
u
HILO, HAWAII
Baby ; j
i Foods i
HAND MADE SADDLES AND HARNESS
CARRIAGE
TRIMMING.
-AT-
RICHARDS & SCHOEN,
Hilo Harness. Shop. Hilo, H. I.
WE DESIRE. .
To call your attention to a new collection of
Hawaiian Songs just published by us entitled
"SONQSOF HAWAII"
This collection contains a number of old Songs
and Hulas never previously published. This
book is beautifully illustrated. Price $1.50
postpaid. Order direct of the
BERGSTROM MDSIG CO., Honolulu
Box 576. Honolulu. T. H.
N. Ohlandt.
J. C. Ohlandt,
ESTABLISHED 1864
N. OHLANDT & CO.
Manufacturers
FERTILIZERS
Otf Eoery Description.
Done Meal,
Sulphate of Potash.
Sulphate of Ammonia,
Alaska Fish Scrap,
High Grade Tankage.
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
Office:
127 Market Street.
Certificate of Analysis accompanies our shipments, which we guarantee
to be correct.
Agent for the Hawaiian Islands
ORDERS FILLED AT SHORT NOTICE.
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CHAP
JllUr
CRESCENT CITY
BARBER
CARVALHO BROS.,
Proprietors.
The Old Reliable Stand is
still doing
UP-TO-DATE WORK
Razors honed, Scissors aud all edged
tools perfectly ground. Satisfac
tion Guaranteed,
CO
o 5 &
3 "M
$ Q.
J. A. Duck
C. II. Buck
and Dkalkks in
Hoof Meal,
Muriate of Potash,
Nitrate of Soda,
Double Superphosphate
Factory:
Indiana & Yolo Sts
I
W. A. TODD'S
NEW
HARNESS
SHOP
I have opened u shop on Waluuueuue
street, next to Demosthenes' Cnle, where
I am ready to make
GOOD HARNESS and
FINE SADDLES
English Saddles a Specialty
HARNESS REPAIRED
REASONABLE CHARGES
W. A. TODD.
Waiakea Boat House
R.A. LUCAS & CO., l'rop'rs.
WAIAKEA BRIDGE, HII.0
HAVE NOW A FLEET OI'
1
( Gasoline Launches
and Small Boats
FOR PUBLIC HIRE
1 rjs,se,'Kcrs uml haggoue taken to and
from vessels In the hnrbor at reasonable
rates. Launches and rowbouts to hire
I tor private picnics nnd moonlight rides.
RING UP ON TELEPHONE
AGENTS POR
1
j Wolverine Gasoline Engine
Self-starter aud reversible engine. In
practicability it is equal to the steam en
gine. Sizes from I h. p, upwards,
lloats fitted with this engine or frames ot
any size to order. For particulars itpply
to R. A. LUCAS, Manager.
mxsf.
z-a
