THE WEEKLY HIMD frklBukU, HILO, HAWAII, FRIDAY, MAY tj, 1904,
16
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THE
FIRST BANK OF HILO "
1.1MITH0.
Incorporated Under the Lnw of tlic
Territory of Hnwitil.
CAPITAL, $200,000.
PEACOCK BLOCK, 1111,0.
T. 1)CK - JTMlilent.
C. C. KHNNHDV Vlce-I'ten.
JOHN T. MOIK..HIU Vice-tow.
C. A. STOH1H Canlilcr.
TllOtf. C. KIIHJWAY, Si-crelnrj.
MKKCTOK8:
J. , Ctitinrlo, John J. (trace,
l'8. 1.yinnti, II. V. I'alteii,
Win. miliar. W. II. 8Mmau.
I3ruw Uxcluinue on
The D.uik of Hnwnll, Ltd Honolulu
Wells, Fargo & Co. Daulc.San Francisco
Wells, Fargo & Co'fl Hank New York
The National Hank of the Re-1 chlcaco
public )
Glynn, Mills, Currlc & Co London
Hongkong-Shanghai Hank-1 Hongkong,
ing Corporation- China.
Hongkong-Shanghai Hank-(Shanghai,
ing Corporation f China.
Hongkong-Slmnghai Hank- P", ,',"01""
nig Corporation- f, Japan?
SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES
Rented by the Month ot Year. Par
ticulars on Application.
UNION
SALOON
SlIIPMAN STRKKT
Open from 5 A.M. to 11 P.M.
First Class
LIOUORS
WINES AND
CORDIALS
At Moderate Prices.
Mixed and Fancy Drinks
Concocted by
Uxi'itKiHNCBD Mixologists
The Celebrated
Honolulu Primo Beer
and
Rainier Beer
On Draught.
Ten Cents a Class
FREE LUNCH
J. C. SERRAO,
Proprietor.
Matson Navigation Go.
The only Direct Line between San Frnu-
cisco and Ililo, Comprising the
following Past Sailers
Steamer ENTERPRISE
Bark ANNIE JOHNSON
Bark SANTIAGO
Bark RODERICK DHU
Bark MARION CHILCOTT
Ship FALLS OF CLYDE
Tug CHAS. COUNSELMAN
Launch LURLINE
Anil other Specially Chartered vessels
makes this trip with at least one of these
boats each month, carrying both Prcight
and Passengers.
Por dates of sailing and terms,
Call upon,
no. D. Spreckels & Bros. Co,
Agents,
327 Market St., San Francisco.
R. T. GUARD, Agent,
Hn.o, Hawaii
Limmj.MlluialUAAm.AlJA
The Largest Importers of
j BANANAS
a Also, Dealers ill Dates, Oranges,
' Apples, Lemons, Limes, Potatoes,
' Onions and All Kinds of Nuts.
s L. C. SRESOVICH CO.
1 San Francisco. - California
tllVfWVWVVt1VtWVWWWVf
FRANK GREELMAN
CARRIAGE n.
SIGN PAINTER
HACKS A SPECIALTY
STRICTLY PIRST-CLASS WORK
Ponohawai and Volcano Sts
HILO
KAHTII ItOADS.
to II11II1I mid Korp hi Krnnon
nlily (Jo oil Kopnlr.
MAINTHNANCU AND REPAIRS.
With earth roads there is a pro
nounced tendency to rut, and when
ruts begin to appear on the surface,
great care should be used in select
ing new materials with which they
should he immediately filled.
Kvcry hole or rut in the roadway if
not tamped full of some good ma
terial, like that of which the road is
constructed, will become filled with
water and will be made deeper and
wider by each passing vehicle. A
hole which could have been filled
with a shovelful of material will
soon need a cartful. The rut or
hole to be repaired should be clear
ed of dust, mud, or water and suffi
cient good fresh earth pl-iced in it
to be even with the surrounding
surface after having been thorough
ly consolidated with a pounder.
Sod should not be placed on the
surface, neither should the surface
be ruined by throwing upon it the
worn-out material from the gutters
alongside Ruts and holes should
not be filled with stone nor gravel
unless a considerable section is to
be so treated; for if such material
is dumped into the holes or ruts, it
does not wear uniformly with the
rest of the road, but produces lumps
and ridges and in many cases re
sults in making two holes for every
one repaired.
Reversible road machines arc
often used in drawing the material
out of ditches to the center of the
roadway, which is left there to be
washed again into the ditches by
the first heavy rain. A far more
satisfactory method, when the road
way is sufficiently high, and where
a heavy roller can not be had, is to
trim the shoulders and ridges off
and smooth the surface with the
machine. This work should begin
in the center of the road, and the
loose dirt should be gradually
pushed to the ditches and finally
shoved off the roadway or deposited
where it will not he washed back
into the ditches, by rain. Where
this method is followed, a smooth,
firm surface is immediately secured,
and such a surface will resist the
action of rain, frost, and narrow
tires much longer than one com
posed of loose and worn-out ma
terial thrown up from the ditches.
In making extensive repairs,
plows or scoops should never be
used, for such implements break
up the compact surface which age
and traffic have made tolerable.
Earth roads can be rapidly repaired
by a judicious use of road machines
and road rollers. The road ma
chine places the material where it
is most needed and the roller com
pacts and keeps it there. These
two labor-saving machines are just
as euectuai ana necessary in mo
dern road work as the mower, self-
binder, and thrasher are in modern
farm work. Road machines
and rollers are the modern inven
tions necessary to satisfactory and
economical earth-road construction
and repair. Two good men with
two teams can buna or repair
more road in one day with a roller
and road machine than many times
that number can with picks, shovels,
scoops, aim plows, aim do it more
uniformly and more thoroughly
One ol the best ways to prevent
the formation of ruts and to keep
earth roads in repair is by the use
of wide tires on all wagons currying
heavy burdens. In most foreign
countries tney not only use trom 4
to 6 inch tires on market wagons,
but on many of the four-wheel
freight wagons, in addition to wide
tires, the rear axles are made 14
inches longer than the front ones,
so that the hind wheels will not
track and form ruts. Water and
narrow tires aid one another in de
stroying the roads, while on the
other hand wide tires are road
makers. They roll and harden the
surlace, and every loaded wagon
becomes, in effect, a road roller.
The difference between the action
of a narrow tire and a wide one is
about the same as the difference
between a crowbar and a tamper;
the one tears up and the other
packs down. By using wide tires
on heavy wagons the cost of keep
ing roads in repair would be great
ly reduced, The introduction iu
recent years of Wide metal tires
which can be placed on the wheels
of any narrow-tired vehicle at a
nominal cost, has removed a very
serious objection to the proposed
substitution of broad tires for the
narrow ones now iu use. The
formation of deep ruts has been
prevented on some of the toll roads
of Pennsylvania by lengthening
the doubletrees on wagons and by
hitching the horses so that they
will walk directly in front of the
wheels, a device worthy of con
sideration. Value of frequent inspection.
Earth roads should be repaired par
ticularly iu the spring and fall of
the year, but the mistake of letting
them take care of themselves during
the balance ot the year should not
be made. The greatest need of the
common road in this country is
daily or weekly care. A road re
ceiving daily attention will require
no extensive repairs, and, instead
of becoming worse, will gradually
improve. It is minute and frequent
homeopathic treatment that the
earth road needs. It is obviously
not within the scope of this paper
to discuss the relative merits of the
statute-labor, cash-tax, and con
tract systems of building and main
taining roads, but it will be re
marked in passing that so long as
the farmers continue to ''work"
the roads in a shiftless maimer and
whenever it best suits their con
venience, so long will they have
bad roads.
It has been stated that England
and France are justly noted for
their excellent roads, and both
have the labor-tax system, and
that, therefore, it is possible to
have good roads under the labor
tax system. This statement, al
though partially true, is not con
clusive argument in favor of the
way in which Americans "work
out" their road tax in most of the
States.
It makes little difference what
system they have in Europe or
what system we have in this coun
try the matter of greatest impor
tance iu road maintenance is con
stant attention. All the important
French and English roads receive
daily attention and are always
maintained in an excellent manner,
but our application of the statute
labor system too ofteu results iu
promoting rather than iu diminish
ing delects which should be over
come. If the great railroads of the
country were to practice the meth
ods ordinarily used in maintaining
our public highways they would
probably be compelled to go into
the hands of receivers before many
months.
Success in Vermont. It would,
therefore, seem wise for us to adopt
a modified form of the system which
has been so successful iu England,
France, and other European coun
tries and which has been recently
introduced in the State of Vermont;
that is, of dividing the roads into
certain lengths and allotting each
length to a section man, care taker,
or farmer. Every one is familiar
with this system as applied to rail
way maintenance, and it is a matter
worthy of note that in Vermont the
general results from its application
are ''that much better roads are se
cured at less expense, and the tax
rate for highways has been reduced
each year as the roads grow better
and as we learn to maintain them
free from damage at less cost."
Our most important country
roads could be divided Into sections
or beats varying in length from 1
to 5 miles, according to the import
ance of the road and the condition
of its surface. A good road man,
who lives on the section or heat,
should be placed in charge, and it
should be his duty to devote a few
hours each week to the filling of
small ruts or holes and to protect
ing the road from damage by run
ning water. If the road is a very
important one, aud if the funds
will permit, such a care taker
should, by all means, be employed
the year round. There is always
plenty of work to do in
keeping
roads clean, free from loose stones, eases. There is not the least dan
and rubbish; in cutting weeds and ger in giving it to children for it
cleaning drains aud side ditches,
In fact, the care taker should be on
the toad, rain or shine, and par
ticularly iu wet weather, iu order to
find the uneven places in the road
as well as to note the existing de- j
fects iu surface and subdraiuagc.
On account of the great efficiency
and economy of this plan it is be
coming general iu the Stafc of Ver
mont, aud it has made the roads of
France and other European couu-'
tries famous, it is the application
of the old adage, "A stitch in time
saves nine."
CONCLUSION.
The methods of earth road con
struction aud maintenance given
above are those generally practiced
by the most successful road build
ers. They are simple and in the
main inexpensive. They arc based
entirely on a thorough system of
drainage, and if applied with com
mon sense aud judgment, accoidiug
to the particular needs of each lo
cality, better roads are sure to
follow. While the earth road, un
der favorable traffic and climatic
conditions, can be made excellent
and satisfactory iu every way, yet
it must be borne in mind that the
earth road is essentially a light
traffic road. When the traffic of a
road increases beyond a certain
point it becomes necessary to supply
new material to take the place of a
large amount abraded by traffic
and carried off by the wind and
rain, or the way will soon wear
down to such an extent that drain
age will become a very difficult prob
lem. As the traffic of most roads
increases slowly, the adjacent earth
can first be used for repairs, then
gravel or crushed stone. Thesc
however, arc problems to be solved
by those familiar with the local con
ditions, and should be regulated by
the requirements of traffic, the
availability of material, and the
cost of necessary repairs. The
large majority of roads for some time
to come will require only earth for
their construction, and for this rea
son it is essential to the prosperity
of each community that the earth
road be properly cared for,
TERRITORY IIUILHS OWN KOAIL
Komi Hoard Will do tlio Work,
r'uuu and Weather Permitting.
The bids for the construction of
one and one-half miles of macadam
ized roadway from Kawaianue gulch
to Pepeekeo, were opened one day
last week by the Hilo Road Board,
but of the two bids received both
were regarded as involving the ex
penditure of too large an amount of
money and which, owing to the
stringency in territorial funds, the
Board decided not advisable to ac
cept. Benton & Ariole bid $1.02
3-4 per lineal foot, with $1.90 per
cubit foot for box drain culverts,
making a total of $15,686.25.
Nunez Fernandez bid was for jp.99
per lineal foot, $2.27 1-2 per cubit
foot for box drain culverts, or a
total cost of $14,730. The Road
Board under its. advertisement re
served the right to reject any or
all bids and to do the work itself.
While both bids received were ex
tremely low considering the amount
of work to be done under the speci
fications, the local Board believe
that by the exercise of discretion
and economy in road construction,
the work can be done for a much
smaller amount. As an example,
it is claimed that the specifications
calls for 6 inches of macadam, which
a contractor under his bid could not
vary, regardless of whether 3 inches
of macadam would suffice. If the
work be done by themselves, the
Road Board will be able to depart
from the specifications, resulting in
a considerable saving to the terri
tory. They assert that by the
judicious expenditure of the sum
placed in their hands, they will be
enabled to construct double the
amount of completed roadway.
The work has already begun under
the supervision of Road Supervisor
Vierra and will be pushed as rapid
ly as the weather will permit.
Chamiujklain's Cough Remedy
is the mother's favorite. It is pleas
ant and safe for children to take
and always cures. It is intended
especially for coughs, colds, croup
and whooping cough, aud is the
best medicine made for these. dis
contains no opium or other injurious
drug and may be given as confi
dently to a babe as to an adult. For
sale by the Hilo Drug Co.
Sure Cure
Tlio dolillilatlng 0IT1 In if n wtrm
cliinnto anil uxx.Miro to all Iti.icii.f
wo.'Uluvrnro sum to briti on tiisnloit
ot tho blood mid v.calau ihunystum.
I
Mr. Charles (IciMps, of AH. Malmlni, W. A.,
sends us hi iiliotucmpli, and toll ufa sure
euro fur tliono roiulltluin.
"For sonm tlmi I Imn Iipmi kimllnrd of
the lloynl Hotel in tlm Ml. .M.inrjiel kuIJ
Holds district, eighty iiiIIcm frimi tlm noiiren
ntlhruy. I liivn wiliI 11 crcit ikil of Ajcr'a
Hirukirlll.t,nnd It i;Ivim tlie InoU iiiiIhtmI
MthfaotUiii. Wliuti iiilm-m irmvctnrn, nrnl
others lieeoinu run iluwn liy I.11I: nf frcli
TCfetnliles and trull J, mid Inun onnuro
to all klntta of weather, their Mnod heeoniPii
tery Imimru nn.l tlio wbolo lyjtcui greatly
weakened. Hut
AYER'S
Sarsapan
Is always a sum curp. 1 have, known miners
to semi n hundred miles lor lt.imi.Ii is their
faith In it."
There, are miny Imitation Sirsniiarllbs.
Ho Mircyon get" Vjcr's.
Ayer's Tills will preatly aid tho action of
the SarsaparllH. Tltoy ro nil vi'itule,
mild, U(,-ir-coated and e.iy to Like.
I';:p:re J by Or. J. C. Ajer Co., Lowell, Matt., U.S. A.
For Salo by HILO DRUG COMPAIY
Hilo Electric Light Co., Ltd.
Houses Wired and
Lights Installed
In accordance with the rules of the Na
tional Board of Fire Underwriters.
A complete stock of
ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES
Fixtures, Shades, Table, Ded and Desk
Lamps, etc., always 011 hand.
Fan Motors . . . $15
Fan Motors, swivel frame, 18
Sowing Machino Motor 20
Power for operating them $1 a mouth
Installation charged extra.
Estimates furnished on all classes ol
Electrical Work and Contracts taken to
install apparatus complete.
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J. Ivancovioh & Go.
WHOLESALE
Commission Merchants
SAN FRANCISCO, - CAL.
IMPORTERS OF
HAWAIIAN BANANAS
and OTHER ISLAND FRUITS
CONSIGNMENTS SOLICITED
PAY FOR THE BEST
IT'S CHEAPEST
AND THAT'S THE CLASS OF WORK
EXECUTED IIY
CAMERON
THE PLUMBER
FRONT ST., Or. SPRECKEL'S 11LOCK
PACIFIC TRANSFER CO.
Handle and Store JJ AG GAGE
126 KING ST. HONOLULU
Phone, Main 5
IMPORTED
CIGARS
You will finil your favorite below
'
La Afrlcnna
Cabanas
High Llfo 1
Bock & Co
Lurlino
Sanchoz & Haya
Mnnuol Lopoz
Van Dyck
El Prlnclpo Do Calos
Conoral Arthurs
Vlllar & Vlllar
Always frcsli nt tlic
HILO
DRUG
COMPANY
H. L. SHAW, Manager
f
$
V'
HILO MARKET CO.,
LIMITED.
Telephone No. 39.
Bridgu St. - Hilo, H. I
Pacific Meat Market
Front St., Hilo, H. I,
Choice Cuts of
Beef, Mutton,
Pork, Veal.
POULTRY of all Kinds
FRESH ISLAND BUTTER
Flno Fat Turkeys.
. . Sucking Pigs.
KEYSTONE
SALOON
Draught Boor IO Cents
When you need a driuk call
at the KEYSTONE, corner
Front aud Ponohawai streets.
A first class line of
WINES
LIQUORS
BEERS
always on hand.
Tolophono IO
W. DOWNER
Proprietor.
KoajJtoaH
Koa Lumber iu small nnd large quanti
ties; well seasoned.
Furniture made to order, any style
wanted. Repairs made on any kind ot
furniture. Prices moderate.
, Sorrao Cabinet Shop.
Apply to JOSE G. SERRAO.
Wilder's Steamship Go.
Change iu Sailing Time of
Steamer "MAUI"
Connecting with
sifi!!!r "ALAMEDA"
From the Coast.
Commencing FEBRUARY 5U1, 1904, the
Steamer "MAUI," Dennett, Master, will
sail from HONOLULU nt 5 p. 111.
For LAHAINA
MAALAEA DAY
KAWAIHAE
MAHUKONA
LAUPAHOEHOE and
HILO
With Mail and Passengers.
Wilder's Steamship Co.
8.3m
r
5-33
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