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Evening: Bulletin
4
VOL. l. NTO. 169.
HONOLULU, H. I., WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER 4. 1895.
PRICE
5 CJENTU.
V
r
THE EVENING BULLETIN..
Published uwrv day except Sunday nt
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fi
Ki I
Tlio former plantation store nt Papa
now leased from the Onomca Suijar Com
by OUuM it Company it now offerc
sale.
In addition to More and dock there Is
a new dwelling; bouse on tbo preinUen.
Tliu outstanding account and other assets
will be sold with stum or separately.
The biislncus oilers a dnu cornice, for otic or
more active men.
fWKor particular apply to F. M. Illndt
al 1'upalkou or to
II. W. SCHMIDT,
Athl-'iuc of tliu l'.f lulo of OUuM ,fc Co.
105-lw
CENTENARY OF GARLYLL
nkivioii oi' tiik isitiiAr ror.
timi iMiii.osoi'MiiifN jm:i.it.
1'npor Itonit llrftirn t!io Honolulu
Nrottlvll tliltlo Chili mi SI. n-
ilrciv'ii lo tiy thulium FtlnrU.
Tiinmis Ctirlylo Siys, ' Subtle
ty may deceive it man, Integrity
nowr."
In looing ovor tho columns of
tho Wokly Scotsm-ni of Septem
ber tho 14th I chanced n h notico
of tbo O-ntonury of tho birth of
Thomas Carlyle. It ran thus:
"It ia iiourly Gftoon years siuco
tbo (loath of Thomas Curlylo and
tbo -1th of December next is the
uiitiiverHitry of his birth. It lias
occurred to s mio that tho ovont
flhnuld ro-Jivo a special recogni
tion m tlio aiotropobsof liis nittiv
lnud," and bo on, but it also occur
red to the reader that tho ovont
was vory highly worthy of recog
nition outsido said motropolis.
So I resolyed nt tho next meeting
of tho Scittish Thistlo Club, to
bring tliu matter bufnro thorn,
uhoiiitnits unanimously greed
tliat it tnper should be read in
honor of the ovont. Curlylo. tho
subj-ct of our pipor this evening,
wan born ut Eeclefechiin, on the
1th ol Drcembfr, ouo hundrod
ioirs Hg' He was the oldest son
of. Junior Curlylo, by his second
nmrri go m Margaret Aitken.
Aftor Thomas came, eight otliors,
tbreo sons and five daughters.
The family wiih nrosiiorous, as
Koclofechun working lifo nnder
xt"od primperity. Tbo Curlylo
family durieg clrldhood run
around barefooted, but were ut
nil times very do. inly clothed, and
the main part of their sisteniiice
i-oems to h.ivo foiHted of oat
meal, milk, and p itnt"OH. 'Whon
Cur lo uoi- five, Ins f titer taught
him aritlimet c, and pent him to
the village school but nt an ear
lier ago than t)at Ins motln r
taught bim to iwul. We nro t dd
the Curlyles Imd violent to i pers
and our subject was no xooption.
tlih half-brother Joiu lived witl.
his grind parents but occasion
ally visited bis pareutn. On- f
Carlyle's uarlteit recodi-ctions was
that of tlirowi g a little sio I ut
his brother, and breaku g a leg
of it, and it was at tin t-nrly age,
Cnrl'lu infoims w, ti at he felt
for tho first time the p nua of loss
and n morse. Of bis father , 0 r
lylo writes, "I uuver mot a more
loinnrkable mm in mv jour, ey
through life, ntorling sincerity m
thought, word and deed, mol
quiet, but capabe of hi zii g into
whirlwinds uhon no dfu', buuuir
of a most grim Soiudiuivi n l p
lie occasionally hud wt rarely
or never too serious fr wit1'
His mothor was a hevoroCalviiiht
and watched alluotn nately over
her children's Mpnitiiil we.f.mi,
and espeoiully ovor Thorn. .s hoi
Arntborn. "She unsa woman,"
hitys Carlylo, "of to mo tbo fa 'rest
descent, that of the pious, th
just and tho wise. No man f
.iiy day or any man cuti have bid
better purents." Witn such
parouts and amidst the hones
thrift and fiugality if suiplo
Scottish life, Curl lo strugg ed
through his early boyhood m d u
bis tonlh year was pl.icid at
scnonl in Annan by bis futber.bis
first Btop into u hgber life.
When tho time arrived to settle
bis career, somo of the Kco o
fee ban wisoucres deuouucod ed
ucuting ono child more than
another, and saiuT that educating
u boy bud a tcudouoy to oaune
him to dospiso his loss informed
puronts, but it was decided m
spite of all tho uiicullod f r opio
ions of tho wiseacres that to
Edinburgh Tarn should go. Tneu
was nothing luxurious in Scitisb
college life in tbosoduvs, not in
deed in many instances now. As
.James Anthony Froudo remarks,
1 Kducntion isa jnssion inScotlund,'
and Professor iHnckio say, "Tlie
cotchinun is a readablo animal,"
a ml 1 am cert mi there is no
country has produced creator
men in all branchos, through
greater struggl is and sterner en
durance and through h firm Irit
tlleg with honest poverty than
our own beloved Scotia It makes
mo fool good to apostropltizo on
Scotland. Students in many
instances woll knew Ibc s-lf-denial
hooded by unroots to bring
thoin through c illogo, and they
wont with a firm intention of
making tho most of tho opportu
nity, for nt that ,oriod, as well ns
at present, students had often to
remain only prt of tho year at
their classes, and during tho other
months teach or work in ordor
that tho sl ndor means at their
d sposal might lio nugraenbd.
In those days many advantages
were quite out of reach that the
poor student of tndiy posess"s
Their faro was simpler and doiibt
lesi ni'ire wholesome, vory humble
lodg ngs and economical friends
suited thoir tastes. Thoir very
poverty was a Rifegnard from ex
travagant nmusetnout", and their
haidy Scotch natures and consti
tutions onabled thorn af. tho end
of the term to sot nut on font to
tnvel the "lang Scots miles''
between thorn and tho roof tree.
This was tho ifc Cur'yle now en
teral on. Edinburgh was bout
one liuiidred miles frmi !'cclo
fici an and he was to go there on
foot iindoi llio protection of mi
other ad who bad been at coliego
a ruidy. They walked at tho nito
f tweuty inik" a day and aftor
arriving and soeuruig a lodging
and dinner they went out to view
tho cty. Ol" course it was
all now to Carlyle and left
a lasting imprussion on him. His
p rent' earnest desire, as was
common amongst tbo Scottish
poavitntry, was to fit In in for the
ministry, but bo already felt him
so f most ununited fr it. During
Curly 'eV col logo career wo aro
i ii r ruied ho made grO't progrens
hi mathematics. He only tried
one for prizes, and although su
per or to bis c '(-.sin ten tbo noise
prevented bun Iro . ditdingnish
i g liim-o P. It seems ho !wuys
f It hi- btwt tbongbth come to I) nil
when ul" e After fiuit-hing his
colli g- curei r he f oiud pupils, but
t- ub ng seems to have been dis
t'Steful to him. and it was only
that (he small income ho derived
I'muii teich ng relieved Ins f ithor
of t-ome of his oxpoiis s, and also
that boitiL' in Annan brought him
near his I'm miy. His father, who
wa- a mason by trido, bad ro
moved IV m Kcclefechiin to a
f-uin. and It was t the firm Car
lyle first studied r-nun, a study
that was to benefit lit in greatly in
tho ers to come. Tho Mainhill
house uns so, II, ennsist ng of
tbr o rooms, toe site was. bloak,
tiei est-, mill cwepl by winds, but
t S' ems the view ' btained roliov
oil it from utter dreariness. On
tins solitary farm the Carlyles
w th tin ir tight children lived,
tour co ing to tin in for holidays,
and tho t.itbt r .mil other sons
fanning, and from all wh win learn
hi kino, a hard-mimed living out
of all their labor They seem
von one of t o ii t luivo boon a
f iiniiy of m uo thin .venire intol
ligeneo. The inotl'Oi unddiugh-t-is
too d mg tin- 'ioiisi' work and
itiendi g to ti.o cows itod poul
try, lint ii deed we have many
iuit iiiivs in Htio'l aid, where as
Itii ii- sav- :
"Ilulrdly clilel . and clever hlules
Arc brid in sic a way as this Is."
C.rln tlual tih.iiidoued the
idea of tl'ii mi tnHtrv and, nfter
two years, echnoj-tcucliiiig also.
He rtiiiovtd to Edinburgh with
the idea of rliulyng law. The
family jgaiu lendtii'jd whatever
iisisUiico tl.e could, and with
the mom) derived from pupils
and the occasion u urn doyiiient
jjiven him by Dr. Brewstor (aftor
wiinls Sir 1) iv d lieiHter) on bis
K'ncyoloi tuili v, ho w.ih enabled to
learn during i.o homooh 12 por
wook. Al this period Cnrlylo was
attacked with dyspepsia, to which
lie was a ro arty r during his ontiru
lifo and which ho hk 'nod to u nt
gnawing ..t his Kt'iii.c!)' The
iuill io d' Ini'i f 1 1 n ! d ' -
cropped lis n.tnti' irr tali Mtv.
If tiuio would all'nd mu t.ie op
portunity 1 might tell how all the
while ho was making liimolf ac
quainted with Gorman literatuie,
writing small articles, how ho was
filled with thoughts struggling for
expression, mid how finally ho
iibindoned law, and wo find him
appointed tutor to tho duller
family at a salary of .200 por
annum. I must now, however,
bring beforo you tho woman who
was aft'rwards to bocomo O.ir
lyle's wife. Tradition traced the
I i noii pre of Juno Welsh to John
Knox and William Wallace, while
sho wis C'liincotod to patents and
relatives of striking quality. Hor
grandfather's account to her of
their racowas,'soveral blackguards
emong them, but tint one block
head that I ovor heard of." Jatio
Biillio Welsh was an only child,
born in 1801. She was b"uulifu',
but moro than personal bounty,
sho possossed intellectual beauty.
She was an ndored cbi'd with
luxury and comfort at command.
Hor family was a prominent mid
loading ono at Haddington. She
was highly educated, learning
music, drawing mid modern I ui
guagos, and with a thrst for
knowledge in general. Her moth
er wrote poiitry of a sweet and
lyiical kind and Jtiio inherit! d
the gift, but hor own productions,
we are told, touchid intellectual
chords bosides. At tho ago of
eighteen sho lost bur father, her
first groat grief, for sho was
pisbionatoly attached to him.
Ho was a doctor and in
his will left all his property to
Jane oxcopt an annuity to her
mother. Sho wits thus lefl.j'onnp,
beautiful, talented and an hoire&s
It was hrr amliiii.n to become an
autboross, and hor tutor. Edward
Irving, not having time at his dis
posal t assist her to any extent,
thought of his friend Carlyle, and
an introduction was tho result. At
this time the friendship on hor
part was only of n literary nature.
In reading tho letters and life of
tho two, ono can easily boo that
sho lovod Irving, and it was
purely admiration, and n linn con
vict on tb.it Carlylo would ulti
mately bocomo famous th it drew
hor to him. Much has boon said
about the mill ippiurss of tbo Our
lyles, but I bolitvo tho fillowirg
paragraph which I quote explains
us nearly as possible the reason of
unhuppiness, if unhuppinoss thoro
really was. It occurs in a recent
review of T, P. O'Connor's work
entitlod "Sumo Old Lovo Storioa,''
and is as follows: "Undoubtedly
tho Rtudy of Carlylo and his wife
Jane, and tint tho loast striking
part of tho Carlylo lovo storv u
the ciiiitship which took place
before marriage, whon Jane Welsh
was drawn to her futuro husbwid
by a looling of gratified pride
that ho should bo drawn to her.
At this time sho could siy of him,
only his fonguo should ho at
hborty, his other inouibors wete
most fautistically awkward."
Mr. O'Connor says: "I luivo
road and ro-road tho letters which
passod betwoen tho two at this
period; they have the fascination
which every authentic human
docuraont in a story of tragio
marriage must always oxercise.
In addition, thoso letters aro pic
tures of two intensely interesting
complox, giftod, and historic be
ings: and thoy aro written w.th
extraordinary literary skill. It
would bo wrong to describe thorn
as lovo letters, for ulns the two
people who wroto them were not
in lovo with each other; but, out
side the immortal works of fiotinn,
I don't know any correspondence
which convoys so intense a souho
nf the currouts uudoddieB of feel
ing, by which men and women
are tossed and mocked and un
done" In tho letters of Mr. Cur
lylo, too, Mr. O'Connor finds tho
cluo to the unhappy married lifo
of the ill-iissorted couple: "Al
most a whole Hbnry ha been
written to find the koy lo the sad
mystery of Carlyle uud Mrs. Car
lyle's imbuppiiiess. To me it
sei in-tliut all this speculation is
f r-fetch ml when wo have in these
lutteirt tho entire, coruploto and
unmislakable key to tho heart of
tbo mystery. It is quito true
- r- nitturos uniiniginative,
! iju-.i .i.iu pincia, to whom pas
sion i to lovo is no essontiul of
marriage, but it is a law of nutiiro
with thoro who nro imaginative
and ardent mid indeed with the
vust mass of mankind that mar
riage i only tolerable whon it is
entered by oooplo who aro drawn
to each other, by tho overwhel
ming force of tint mental, moral
and above all physical attraction,
ono to tho otbor, which we sum
marise in tho word Love." Thoro.
in Mr. O'Connor's opinion and
doubtless ho is perfectly right, we
have the secret of tiio long ultimo
pin ess which drags through the
volumes which toll tho sad st'iry
of the Curlyles. Having given
a brief outline of Carlyle's lilo,and
just bef ro bringing any of his
works before you, I am remind d
of an incident that happened with
Cailylo and a young student. The
young student brought nn essay
to Carlylo for reviewing, and Car
lylo afler reading it and being
asked his pinion told tbo issay
ist to lead, read, road, roul, for
tho nejl fiftei n jouri, then write,
and if Carlylo were alive and roid
tit's p i per h imgiit loll mo to go
and read, re. d, read for tin next
thirty yais, I hen write, for you
may roiueitib'T in Ins Sartor llo
s.itus he says th .t it were a ivl
increase to human happiness
could all young men from the
ago of nineteen bo covied
ii odor barrels and thoro
left to follow their lawful
stud its and callings till thoy em
erged siidihir and wisorat tho ago
oftuonty five. Such gawks aio
thoy a d fooPsh poicook-"." But
of course you all know I have
passod the di testable age, and if
,iiiy of t!io failings peculiar to
th s years still rtinaiu, I hope all
present will bear with mo in my
humble attempt lo pay the high
est tribute I can to niy d'coascd
voiieiable conn try man, Thomas
Cailylo. and in my attempt, I fool
as Byron says:
"Wlint I can no'er express,
Yit eaunot all conceal."
Few of Carlyle's renders noed lo
b' reminded that the subject is no
easy ouo. Carlyle's writings be
yond doubt are of wonderful sig
nificance and will amply repay very
oi refill study by tho most atten
tive leaders. I do not hero pro
pose, tn enter comparisons of Cur
lylo'a teichings with thiso of
former philosophers I will loavo
that seriously to nn older and abler
head. To do othenviso would bo to
render a pa por rather colossal for
our requirements hero this p von
ing. Afeesiayist, moralist, histor
i'tu and b ographer Cnrlylo has had
few equal-. I will inako brnf
mention hero of ouo or two of Inn
essays. His essay on Burns is
considered ono of tho fnicst ovor
w ntt n Carlyle shows ns clearly
that no outs'do help would have
assisted Bums "counsel, which
seldom profits anyone ho did uot
need, seldom is n lifo morally
wrockod but the grind causo lies
in some internal mal-arrango-ment
" But it 1b olearly pointed
nut towards the closo of his essay
that tho gentry and nobility that
anight Burns so much had a good
deal t d i with his weakness Wo
cannot but notico a similarity in
tho opiuinns of Burns and Carlyle
in some things. Doth are sternly
sarcustio on ompty coromonios and
pomps, and both rovere and honor
bumblo human worth and inte
grity. As Carlyle puts it, to quoto
again from Sirtor Resartus, al
though I will abbreviate it Borao
what: "Two men I honor and no
third first, tho toilworn craftsman,
that with oirth-inado implometitfl
conquers tho earth and makes her
man's. Venorablo t mo is the
hard hand, crooked, coirso,
wherein notwithstanding lies a
" ooiug virtue, indefensibly royal,
- nf the veoplro nf this planet.
Vim- table too is the rugged facn,
all weather tuiiind, hosniled, With
ts rudo ititoll'KOiieo. ,t is Iho faco
of a man living muni. no." "A
second man I lnoi'-r and HM more
highly, him w o i- s-e-i t-ciiug
for tho spiritually indispensable,
not daily broad but tho broad of
life. Thus" two in all thoir de
grees I honor, all o!so is chaff" and
dust, which It the wind blow
whither it listeth. Unspeakably
touching it is, howovor, when I
fiid both dignities united, and ho
that must toil upwardly fir tho
lowest of mmi's wants isulso toil
ing inwardly for tho highest.
Such a one will tiko thee back to
Noztroth itself.''
His essay on "History" is a
splendid treatise. In it Carlyle
shows us tho guiding hand of tho
Invisible, as hosiysinit: "Whui-.o
path is in tho great deep of timo,
whom History rooals, but only
all History and in oteruity will
cloarly revonl." I have chosen
also to mike mention out of his
'"loroes ami Hero Worship" of
mir Scottish Reformer, John
Knox, as being of special interest
to us us Scotohmon. In it ho
Bhnws how tho Puritanism of
Knox and Scotland becamo tliatof.
England, of is'ew England, and of
tho world, but what vexes me is
this, tint with tho indisputiblo
fact of a Knox and a Scotch Re
formation, it needed after all ,
Oliver Cromwell with his Iron-
sides to come and tea oh Scotsmen
tho spirit of Puritanism, Sods
meii holding too closely to tho
lotjer He itlnnd and England if
united at that time might bavo
succeeded in making tbo whole
world Puritin. IIoevor, I would
refer you to Carlyle's "Oliver
Cromwell's Letloraund Speeches,1'
where you will get Bomo splendid
information as rcgirda tho strug
gles there existing, and wlu-ro
you will find a very clear insight
into tho life of the Protector liis
"LYonch Revolution"is cons dored
by most critics us the fmo-t treat
ment of that toinblo event ever
written. It must li.iv been a
work of almost terrible impoitiinco
to C.rlylo himself, f .r ho informs
us. after it was written, ho gave
tho iiiiiiiisoript lo a friend to to
view, and it seems the reviewer
loft it lyiug on the lablo at night,
ami whon the servant was looking
for paper to light tho lire in tho
morning, sho chanced on tho
manuscript, and took it to light
the fire with. With Carlyle's torn
por wo can imagino how it iifioot
ed him. Ho seems to bavo given
up tho idoa of renewing tho tusk,
but later on ho tolls us bow he
was sitting ut tho window looking
out on a nriokluyor, who wis lay
ing brick ufter brick, and how ho
uuticed that day after day tho
wall began to rise, when it seoina
to have given him the impotus to
try again, with tho result that wo
alt know. 1 have no further tnno
to entor into details of his "Past
and Prosont," Ins "Essiys Mis
cellaneous mid. Critical," or into
his "German Investigations;"
ninny of you .will have road the
mohtof Ins wors and some only
u few, and if I havo suc
ceeded in making those who
havo read a fow wish to road
moro, and thoso who havo not
read any of his works wish to be
gin, I shall think my little effort
bus been worth attempting. Cir
lylo hud faults, who has not? bub
surely wo havo a right to firgot
the fuults of genius. We see tho
many obstacles he overoumo, how
ho struggled through comparative,
poverty, to tho height of fame,
mid has left a name to bo haiuld.
down fur generations. His troubles:
no doubt made him irritable and),
unreafouuble, often in tnflos, but
his heart was gonorous and sym
pathetic, us wo cun see. Many
timos in his poorest days, work
ing hard uud soaut of monoy, wo
find him scraping together what
will Bond a prosont to his mothor,
t whom ho wub dovotod. While
struggling through his own
Continued on 4th tage.
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