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SUNDAY DUIX15TIN. HONOLULU. H. T.. SUNDAY. JUNE 1R. 1902.
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DIMITY IDEALIZEDfkkinty of Volcanoes
By ProfoMsot
HENRY SHALER WILLIAMS
Of Yulo
MILADY'S SUMMER WRAP
"Really, there Is absolutely no telling
what the volcanoes may ilo," said Hen
ry Shaler Williams, Silllinan 1'iofessor
ol Geology In Yale University. "They
nrc not well understood by any one, for
me laws upon which they operato are
not well known. There ure certain
signs -y which experts can tell within
n comparatively short tlmo what some
of them ore likely to do; but In tho In
stance of some other volcanoes they
ma break forth without any warning
at all.
"Speaking only from what I have
read oi the recent eruption In Marti
nique, and from wuat we know geolog
Ically and historically of the, region, I
am oi the opinion that Inasmuch as
there was more than one eruption, It
appearing that there waB nlso one on
St. Vincent, there will be no Immediate
successive eruption. Tim tendency
I will be to subside, now that some re
lief has been afforded tho volcanic
forces beneath tho Burfoco.
"Hut eruptions sometimes come In
series. Thru, too. It mny be thnt tho
two volcanoes which am still tnoro or
less active. Soufrlerc and Mont IVloe,
work somewhat as Mount Vesuvius
and Mount t'tna have been known to
work, tho one Inactive wnlle the othc'i
cmltB more or less violently.
Like an Explosion In a Gigantic Doller, '
"A volcanic eruption Is. on a grand
scale, nn explosion caused by the gen
eration of steam In the great bolter uu
der the surface. I am of the opinion
that theie were some great crevices In
the vicinity of the Island ot Martinique
uirougii which water either percolated
for many years or by fhe subsiding of
the sea a great Inrush of water took
plnre. The fact that the sea Is said to
have sunk a number of feet there
would seem to Indicate that there Is n
very great crack or ercvlco somewhere,
and that the water ihnt rushed In wns
great In volume. That produced a gen
eration of steam which found vent
through the craters of the two volca
noes. "The modern scientific theory of the
emission of lava Is simply that the tre
mendous pressure Is so great that de
spite the intense heat they are kept
not quite molten, almost solid, perhaps.
Origin of Lava and Hot Mud.
"When the explosion tnl.08 place, re
lieving the pressure. It hnppens often
times that the rocks turn from their
Bolbllfled stale to a molten condition.
Men spoke of the red hot mud that
poured down the mountain. When that
matter comes to the cooler air at the
surface, especially If there Is water
with It, It is broken up Into flno par
ticles by atmospheric Influence, and
falls for great distances In tho form of
what pcoplo have described as ashes. ,
They arc not ashes, however, but par
ticles of lava.
"Volcanoes are peculiar In their ac
tion. We really know but little about
tncm. Scientists codect all datn pos
sible nnd study them carefully, but un
fortunately It Is not possible to study
them In nctlon with safety. You know, .
down at the bottom of tho rich Com-1
stock lode, the ntmospherc Is still so '
hot that It costs more to cool the air
than the gold Is wortn when mined,
nnd volcanoes have not been active lu
our country for a long tlmo."
Sees a Comet Within the Orbit of the Earth
oan Francisco, May 23. The most
Importantnnd Interesting nstronomlcal
event of the year Is the discovery of a
comet practically within tho earth's or
bit, being nearer the buii thnn Is our
planet and revolving about the central
luminary In 220 days.
This rapidly revolving stranger Is
the Urooks omet. of which the first
view was obtained threo weeks ago.
The official news announcement Isati-
leu by the University of California 'n
as follows:
i "That tho comet 'Urooks,' first ob
served nhout three weeks ngo. re
volves about tin sun in one quarter tho
'number of days required by any comet
ever before roeun'ed Is the remarknblu
discovery Just made by Director Armln
O. I.euschner, of the Students' Observ
atory, ami three of his students Joel
Stcbblns, l). S Fellow in Astronomy;
11. II. Curtis, II. S.. and C. A. O. Wev
mouth.
"As soon ns tho discovery of the
, comet by Urooks was announced obser
ivatlons were begun nt the I.lck Obser
vntory. Astronomer Aitklns seemed
nn observation. This was telegraphed
to the rituilents' Observatory In llerke-
I ley.
"A little later there was received u
.telegram announcing the results and
nbsei v.i'ini made In Knenlgsberg.
l-iiissln nlii" bourn prior to that of
Mr Altkens
"Computations were entered Into by
the Ilerkeloy nstronomcrs unci the re
markable discovery was mauo that
tbls comet Is nearer the sun than Is the
earth, and revolves about tho sun In
320 days.
"No comet ever recorded before has
n period of less than three and n half
years.
"It Is supposed that this Is the same
comet which wns observed in 1748 for
three das only, nnd which has never
been seen since that time.
"These facts couTd not have been
mscovered from the available material
nnd It not been that Professor I.eusch
ner bad recently perfected a new short
metnoil ol determining tho orbits."
; 4 . ' . . ; ;-"' t . f s ft t ' 5 f t "?-
Mistakes a Man Made In Building His Own House
bulletins n house lor himself here ami double window
All cotton fabrics tTila season ar- as piofuoely decorated and nrtlstlcnl
ly designed as those of far more expensive materials. The Tittle black and
white dmllty gown Is lavishly trimmed with black chantllly and has an ac-
cordeon plaited deep flounce In a very novel design. The corsage is low
over n mousscllnn gulmpe. The sasi Is white satin.
Iteadlnz. I'n . Mav 17. O. M. Weand. "I would prefer oue large window ,n to have the cornice several ln-h-s
n rallroau contractor, has Just finished 'the second story front. Instead ol thu higher.
"liy ell means put a uouuie line or
boan.s on the llrst floor. It keeps the
cell.ir dust Irnm coining through."
v.... l...n.,r , II,.. in l.., unit, nil "" cimmiey cups luim -me iuiiiii
.1, U' .1. I , , ..... ....... .. ....... I ,..,- "
.!. t. ...... ....nt... ul.lu not """.
Mil? nu) H'. II Mi" iic.j ....iv. wui
here sometimes."
to commemorate the event, he has pub
Ilshed nn Illustrated pamphlet of tirty
or nioic pages containing the criti
cisms of leading citizens. The title of
me book it "The Mistakes 1 .Made in
iiulldlng n House, Following are somo
ui the criticisms:
Of course yon ure building tne
..ouse. bui If It wuo mine. I would run
You'll make n mistake If you don't ,
pebble-dash the exterior.
"The lawn steps should have been
Immediately In front of the main en
trance."
"Why didn't you set tho house lu the
middle of the lot" i
"I'eisomilly, I prefer steam heat to.
the hot-water system."
"I think tliu ceilings are too low."
"My! How small tho rooms arc."
"You ought to be on the other side
cn open pen eh mound the corner bo as of the street."
... ,.....,., r !.., Inn minium." "If It VVCTO HIV llOUSO I WOtllll prefer
0000KXi O O 0-00--00 O00000 O O X00'0
Logical. , A Matter of Need. i One on Lot's Wife.
Lady ttn womnn whose husband hnaj He Hut don't ou think you aru , Jones I've a new one that you can't
Just been sent to Jail ior wife-bcallng) somewhat extravagant? 1 answer. What did Lot's wlfo turn to?
Why in you think jour husband will. Ills Daughter Now. papa, don't hej Smith Why. you stupid, If she did
miss you? unreasonable. You know 1 never nsk not turn to a pillar of salt, what did
Woman Hell miss mo uecnuse no, you ior money except uui i uuieui one --
enn't lilt me. Judge. any. Tlt-lllta. ( Jones Rubber.
. I a-teg ""li in..
This exquisite carriage concert or Casino wrai Is one of those luxu-
creations which milady will delight In this summer. It Is a dream In
black and white accordeon plaited chltfon nnd black lace over wlilte satin.
Human Life the Payment:
Every Advance of Civilization
Demands
Its Tribute of Brawn and Blood
Nations have been baptized In hu- gold Iihh asked for a human sacrifice maths the spot where a man was
man blood, and each foundation stone and received It. brought to his death through mi ncc.1-
of progress has crushed the life out cf snte JCiore the dawn ofhlstory, ,,cnt-
some mortal. We dally read file story 8,ps have spread their vvlngllke sails So on the ottel hlgbwajs. where,
nf ilenlhH thiO: rome through disease. I .i n,rif.,i ,.. , .i,n. m .hnm tbroush tue energy ol kteam, wu rush
deaths that we call natural, nnd then ani- recently harnessed steam has ,lR" lel 'l the wind, tho law
wo read the startling accounts of ' passed them In tho race; but fiom tho "n's ,liat unu llu' m,Bl f' Kvi, for
deaths that come suddenly and unex-imv vviien shlpwiechs were first re- cneh Si"1."11'' travellers, und the law is
pectedly, to the well, strong, vigorous C(Jiiod until today tho ships have do- obejed.
and active mortals who are busily en- ninnded humnn toll, and nt the end if! l-ool where o.i will, these accidents
gaged In tho work of tho world. I each So.euii miles that each one kalis 'confront you. I.lle wKTi Its requiie-
""Tlicso latter emphaslzo tho terrible It drops n living soul Into a never rt-.-' - pas Its way -.villi life,
fact that every human advance, every iiirieeilm? sen. or casts It dend Into the ' ' "
evldenco of progress, every Improve- arms of the shore. "I see that the Chicago packers use
raent that means a higher civilization. Where boats would not do maTT has n" of "1? I''K except the squeal."
overy wonderful machine, every Bru.it suspended his bridges, nnd each ono "Why i.ot use that in making pho
engineering feat, every towering build- of these that spans nnvlgablo water nographj?"
Ing nnd every work that has a form -
Btands ns a monument to some llff '
that has gone out that It might exist.
Digging nnd delving among the dry ,
bones of statistics has resurrected fig :
tires full of Interest lit showing the'
value of a human life, no'i spared to !
disease and old age, but taken In tho '
accomplishment of some work of hu-.
man progress.
MARK TWAIN A3 A HUNTER.
Mark Twain sometimes writes am'
rewrites a page half a dozen times
Once, when staying with his slster-in
law. he dlnuppeaie-l for a wholi'
leaving n half-finished btory on hi
dctik,
'Wlinre In the world have you been?'
asked Mrs. Quarry, on his return.
"I have been hunting for a
woid." drawled Mark, quiitly, "and
I've found It; so please give mo
something to drink "
Strong and Weak Character
Revealed by the Different
Manners
In Which Men Smoke Cigars.
The Real Problem.
She 1 round the sweetest little flat
yesteid'iy and If we have to live In n
Hat niter we are married I want It. And
it was onlv $2500 n year.
lie Yes. tint
She 'Hit what?
He My halary is $3000. What shall
wo do with the other $Jfi0?
"Clgaiology" Is tne title of a new (ieneioslty. courtesy nnd loyalty are
art. the rules of which have boon for- 'be characteristics of a man who fills
liiulated alter years of study by a Eu- '''" 'l,'c recltll'ssl' "nil rapidly and
ropean psychologist. Its object Is to
reveal character, und tho claim Is
made that In no other wny can thy
i-hariictei of a stranger be more read
ll discovered than by observing the
manner lu which ho smnkea.
The man who holds his plpo care
lessly In the corner of bis mouth. let
ting It hang down, U a nonchalant, in
dolent person, and, on tho other hand.
the man who grasps It so firmly be
tween his teeth that marks arc left on
.who sends forth Irregular puffs of
smoke, but his friendship Is not likely
to last very long, and Implicit confl
everything Is In order, und especially
If tho fire Is burning steadily and even
ly. Men who act thus never waste
nny words nnd are generally shrewd
and prudent. As a rule, they am wor
thy nf confidence, which cannot bu
deuce should at no time be placed lu snld of those who send forth the smolvO
him. Coldness, reserve and caution from the two corners of their mouths
are. on the contrary, the salient char- m two illvercent lets, since thv aro
acterlstlcs of a man who fills his plpo eccentric nnd unreliable.
slowly and methodically und who Men who nro quick tempered or of
snioues with the regularity of nn in-In lively temperament Hardly touch the
tip of tho cigar with their teeth, and
tomaton.
The results, however, obtained from
a pipe aro not by any means equal In
thn amber mouthpiece Is nervous anil!va," to 'oao wh,ch aro funilsheil by
hlghstriing.
TYPE OF THE VICTIMS AT MARTINIQUE
These figures show that through
fierce war each squaro mllo of terri
tory gained or maintained by nations
of the eartn has cost a human lite, j
Somo lmvo cost moie. somo less; but,
taking tho world over, since hlstoiv '
begnn, tho records show a clntrge ot
ono untimely death against each Blx
hundred nnd forty acres. !
Kncli pair of church spires that point
toward fhe clouds stand lor a monu
ment to a grave Boinevvliere, Since
recoriTs of deaths by accident tiuve
been kept they show that the life of
on; mortal has gono out with eachi
two churches renred. All buildings
Iiavo tTlken part In the samo wor'n. A
poorly constructed scaffold, an Inse-'
cure fastening, u parting rope, a swing
ing timber, a loose board and scores
of other things thnt tell of human fal
libility have contributed to make this
record, I
Men have burrowed In tho ground
and dug their own graves their first
temporary resting places where they
wcio to lie In death where a moment
before they were In nctlvo life. Every
five miles of tunnel blatftcd from tin?
rocks nnd dug from tho earth requires
the life oi one man. I
We gather heat, light and power
from the sttn-mado coal tTiat was stor-;
ed for us centuries ngo, and each mil
lion and a half tons of It costs one ml
liers llfo before It passes from Its an
cient bed to the surface of the ground.
Since man has delighted in whut is
bright and lasting, ho has sought for
gold and made "ram It the great lever
that moves the world; but It has had
its price, Each two minion Hollars cf
'Mv 1JSF 'Jm Ete-JiBSSr, -
h cigar.
Many smokers carry their cigars In
the upper left hand pockets of their
vests, and the sole reason why they
do so Is because they want to have
them at hand whenever they feel a de
sire to smoke. They may havo a doz
en clgur cases, yet they will not use
them, simply because It takes a llttlo
longer to open a case and take a cigar
out of it than It does to take a cigar
from the vest pocket.
Ol n quite different type' nro thoo
who bite on the end of the cigar with I
after two or three puffs they take it
from the mouth and hold It in the
hand.
Absent minded men frequently let
tho cigar go out. and, If they are not
very choice In their tnste, try to light
It again. Akin to them arc tho men
who. nfter smoking for a while. let tho
cigar go out and then throw it away
an Infallible sign of a m'nd which may
be very Intuitive, but which Is certain
ly not nblo to renson well or logically.
They, however, nrc admirable person
when compared with those who nt any
time have tho misfortune to place
lighted end of a clgftr in tholr mouth.
A cigar tilled upward ill the dlroc-
I their teeth. Prodigals and -devil mny lion of the nose Is said lo be an unor-
, care lellows they are. and woe to him -Ing token of nn energetic nud impa-
who loans them any money except on tlent charncler, and. on Hie contrary,
the best security. n cigar which is held In the opposite
Fastidious men, after lighting their direction namely. Inclined toward tho
i cigars, hold them, not only between chin Is said to betoken melancholy
.their teeth amj their llp, but nlso and the hnblt of Indulging In day
with two. three, four or even with all dreams. Finally, n cigar which Is hold
the lingers of the left hnnd. and. after steadily in a horizontal direction Is nn
smoking for a while, they remove Index of sang frold. Indifference and
I them from their mouths and examine very often of unscrupulousness and
, tho lighted ends carefully to see ( want of character.
' fzi-m?i&i!-Ci2-!V-iZ:-iV-?ifZi "'i.sv-.'V-.'v ,"V-,vVx"ir-iVTV ,vw-,;-jV-i"i:
Difficulty in Getting Start in Life
' i
The old story of the merchant who of n great merchant, nfter an unsuc
advertised for a young man, and, ns cessful quest lor work,
a test of character, offered each applt- The merchant, seeing tho man's ac
cant a bundle, knotted with twine, to tl0 from ,n window, cnllcd him hack
open, and selected Hie outh lor the and gave him employment, which
vacant position who did not cut the kindness he repaid by becoming own
string, but patiently labored over the or 0 (ho entlro business In nn Incred
, knots until they worn untied that ,y short tlmo
was good in tho old days. ..,,... U8C,, ,' cn(, ,,, 8tor). ,)y gay-
Now, tho merchant would say to Ing that he tried that scliemo once,
himself: "The position Is worth a dol- when ho was looking for work, drop
i lar n day, or ten cents an hour for ten ping a pin carefully on tho lloor as ho
' hours work. If thut young man entered. He stated um wants to tho
wastes fifteen minutes' time, worth proprietor, who not only had no em-
two and a half cents, trjlng to save a ployment to offer him, but remarked
j piece of twine worth one-eighth of a to his partner as Rice picked up tho
I cent, ue is no goon to me. iPin:
Tho scenes of Buffering among tho survivors of the Mt 1'elee eruption disaster nro descrlned by cjo-wltness cs as hnrrlbto nnd heartrending. The , 'Ullly- nice, negro minstrel, used "Say. If that fellow's so small as to
above authentic photogrnpliB will convey an adequate Idea of the class of people who are now dying of bturvatlo u nnd dlsnase on the Island ot Marti- to tell the story of a man who picked steal a pin off tho floor, how much do
nlquo for lack of adequate supplies; auo victims ol the terrible catastrophe. t J up a pin as he wns leaving the office you think he'd leavo In my till?"
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