Newspaper Page Text
v.
n-
2%
auamnaamm
A.
mtmtmmiml
KT HE APPEAL KEEPS FRONT
I J* BEOAHSE:
VOL. 28. NO. '61.
l-It aims topublish all the news possible.
2-lt does so impartially* wasting no words.
8Its oorrespondents are able and energetic*
IR HIRAM STEVENS
MAXIM famed already
as the Inventor of the
Maxim gun, cordite
smokeless powder, de
vices for aeroplanes
"and other ingenious
things, now comes for
ward with a new and
startling original idea
for preventing collisions
at sea.
Briefly stated, he wishes to provide
ships with a "sixth sense," repre
sented by an apparatus that will send
out vibrations and record minutely
the "echoes" caused by them if they
strike against any hard object near
the ship an iceberg, for example.
Sir Hiram got his idea of this sixth
sense from the bat, which, according
to him and other scientists, possesses
such a sense, and is able by means of
it to And its way about in the dark
with perfect ease.
The Inventor explains his invention
in a pamphlet just published by him
in London "The wreck ef the Titantic
was a severe and painful shock to us
all," he writes "I asked myself: 'Has
science reached the end of its tether?
Is there no possible means of avoid
ing such a deplorable loss of life and
property?' At the end of four hours
it occurred to me that ships could be
provided with what might be ap
propriately called a sixth sense, that
would detect large objects in their
Immediate vicinity without the aid
of*a searchlight."
Then Sir Hiram set to work to
study the bat's peculiar possession
in an endeavor to apply it to prevent
ing marine collisions, and soon hit
upon the idea which he now makes
public. Before describing the new
Maxim apparatus it is well to set
down what he has to say about that
which inspired it, the sixth sense of
the bat
"E\ery naturalist that has either
experimented on bats or writes on
the subject," he says, "seems to ad
mit that the ^.extraordinary ,pnnl
ages attached to the "bat's face are
organs of perception more or less
allied to the sense of feeling, but
not one of them, so far as I can learn,
has ever suggested that'these organs
are for the purpose of receiving the
echo from the vibrations of the wings.
I think I was the first to discover this
The inventoi goes on to show that
the wings of the bat are extremely
sensitive and very well provided with
nerves, which is also true of the va
rious organs of the bat's face. These
neives, he maintains, are intimately
connected with each other and with
the biain Thus a bat, flying about
in total darkness, seers out, by
means of its wings, a series of pulsa
tions or wave-like sound waves, but
too low to be considered a sound.
These waves, striking against all
surrounding objects, are reflected
back to their source, just as sound
and light are, and these reflections
of the vibrations, being received by
the sensitive organs on the face qf
the bat, enable it to judge the dis
tance to any object by the lapse of
time between the sending out and
the receiving of the waves.
Coming, then, to his collision-pre
venter, Sir Hiram says:
"Suppose now that we construct an
apparatus that will produce atmo
spheric vibrations of about the same
frequency as those produced by the
bat, but instead of using the infini
tesimal amount of energy employed
by the bat, we use 200 or 300-horse-
powerthat is, we send out waves
that have an amplitude and energy at
least 300,000 times as great as those
sent out by the bat These vibra
tions, although of great energy, will
not be audible to our ears, but they
will shake up and agitate light ob-
Only Decoration That the British Sol
diers Value Highly Is the
"Victoria Cross."
The fact that there are no fewer
than 50,000 medals stored at Wool
wich awaiting claimants causes one
to wonder whether the soldier puts so
high a value on medals as is usually
supposed.
Nearly all of these medals are for
the Boer war, and there is a special
government department with a staff
of clerks endeavoring to trace the
owners. Besides these Boer war
medals, tlwre are 4,000 medals for the
Zulu war which have never been,
claimed, and even to this day belated
claims are still put in for medals for
the Crimea and Indian mutiny.
A short time ago, for example, a
veteran named James Crystal applied
for and received a medal for Afghan
istan, after a lapse of thirty years.
Most of the Boer war medals at
Woolwich belong to irregulars, who
joined on the outbreak of the war,
and, after it was over, scattered all
over the world. But many regulars
have not troubled to claim the medal,
alleging that it is too cheap, and con
sidering that 750,000 of the medals
were struck, it is certainly never like
ly to become a rarity.
Before the days of Waterloo very
iAM^iM^^l^. Ai
A SIXTH SENSE FO VESSELS
Hiram Maxim Has Plan to Prevent Collisions
at Sea.Takes Lesson from the Bat 3 3
jects for a considerable distance, and
will travel at least 20 miles, so that
they could be received and recorded
by a suitable apparatus at that dis
tance, and would be able to travel
at least five miles and send hack to
the ship a, reflected echo that would
be strong enough to be detected."
Sir Hiram point out that in pro
viding a ship with a "sixth sense,"
three distinct devices must be com
bined: one for producing and sending
out the necessary sound waves, one
for receiving the reflected waves and
making them audible by ringing bells
and another apparatus for recording
the amplitude of the waves. Here is
his description of the apparatus he
has invented:
"For producing the vibrations of
waves I prefer to use a modified form
of siren, the disk being rotated at a
suitable speed by a motor of some
kind, preferably an electric motor., I
rjr A
prefer to use a very high pressure of
steam, to have all the parts large and
strong, and to produce about 14 or 15
vibrations per second These will not
come within the range of the hunfan
ear, consequently they cannot be con
sidered as sound, and as they are of
WAR MEDALS NOT CLAIMED
few medals were issued. The first
medal ever issued was that given to
the Elizabethan seamen who defeated
the Armada, and the earliest military
deccoration was a silver badge Issued
by Charles I in 1643 for presentation
to soldiers who had distinguished
themselves in forlorn hopes.
Waterloo was the first occasion
when there was a general issue of
medals, and since that time, instead
of issuing too few medals, England
has gone, perhaps to the other ex
treme. Soldiers point out that the
same decoration is awarded to the
man who has been fighting at the
front and carrying his life in his
hands for months, as to the man in a
regiment which has never stirred
from the base of operations or so
much as seen the enemy.
Every effort Is made by the author
ities to see that medals reach their
owners, and if the owner of a medal
happens to be dead, the medal is for
warded to his next of kin. Tet there
are still large numbers unclaimed,
and according to the regulations now
in force, at the end of ten years'
time the medals will be broken up
and the silver debited to the mint.
The Victoria Cross, of course, is a
decoration of quite another character,
and a soldier would as soon think of
parting with his Ufe as with his Vic-
ij^r^iisfei^..* kJL^im$jik4 :SdlLj,*&
3\
great amplitude and power they are
able to travel over great distances,
and when they come In contact with
a body the waves are reflected back
to the ship in the same manner that
sound would be reflected back, but
this echo would not be audible to the
1 human ear.
"I therefore provide an apparatus
which might be considered as an arti
ficial ear. It is provided with a large
diaphragm tightly drawn over a
drum-shaped cylinder, and so ar
ranged that the atmospheric pressure
is always the same' on both sides,
quite irrespective of any air blast. It
is therefore always able to vibrate
freely in response to the waves of the
echo, and its vibrations are made to
open and close certain electrical cir
scuits which ring a series of bells of
various sizes. If, for example, the
object is very small or at a very great
distance from the ship, a very small
bell rings, while a large object at a
distance of two miles would ring a
larger bell, and a very large object
a still larger bell. This apparatus
gives an audible notice if anything is
ahead of the ship.
"The other apparatus is similar, but
toria Cross. But this is far from be
ing the case with other medals, and
Rudyard Kipling tells how he has
seen soldiers wager their Indian gen
eral service medal on the toss for the
price of a pot of beer.Pearson's
Weekly.
Parthenon in Danger of Collapse.
A shock will be given to lovers of
antiquity by the suggestion made in
the Revue des Beaux Arts that the
Parthenon is in serious danger of col
lapse. Witniu the last twenty years
the columns seem to have lost their
rigidity, and unless the work of
strengthening the foundations is taken
in hand disaster may follow. The
cause of the threatened collapse is
the removal by archaeologists of
sculptcred ruins of an earlier temple
on the Acropolis which served as
foundations for the Parthenon, and
which have been taken to various mu
seums for display and preservation.
No effective precautions were taken to
replace these relics by fresh masonry.
Modern Greece has no money to spare
lor the necessary work of restoration,
tut it should not be difficult for thore
countries which have benefited from
the spoliation of the treasures of Ath
Piis to raise funds to prevent the de
struction of one of the wonders of
the world.Westminster Gazette.
Defective Page
ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS. MINft. SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 14.1912.
instead of ringing bell It produces
a diagram of the disturbances in the
airthat Is, when ihefce is no noise
except that due to.the action of the
ship or the sea wares, a wavy line
is produced, but whenever the vibra
tions sent out by Ipe vibrator strike
an object and return, the wavy line
on the paper becomes very much in
creased in amplitude, so as to be eas
ily observed, and the distance that the
object is from the ship can be meas
ured by the length of the paper strip
between the giving oft of the vibra
tions and the receiving of the echo
therefore, the distance can be de
termined with a considerable degree
of nicety, and the size of the object
may be determined by the amplitude
of the waves that return,
The inventor says that the appara-'
tus .for producing the atmospheric
vibrations should oW^aced well for
ward on the main \Ieck of the ship
or in any position wbtere it can be
turned about from port to starboard.
It should be secured to! the deck very
firmly, and connected, by means of
a three-inch pipe, with a high-pres
sure boiler. A straightaway valve
should be placed in the pipe near
the boiler, and some means should
be found of preventing the accumula
tion of water in the pipe leading to
the apparatus.
Except in foggy or stormy weather,
the apparatus would he merely orna
mental, of course, until it were used
for communicating^ with other ships.
nnjiwmy*.
But just as soon as darkness set in
and the captain began to suspect
that icebergs or other dangerous ob
jects were close at hand, it would be
come useful. Of its operation under
such circumstances Sir Hiram says:
"It should be used constantly send
ing out the blasts in every direction.
If the sea were perfectly clear, the
blasts sent out would be recorded at
the very instant of their production,
but no echo would be returned other
than that due to the waves of the sea,
which would provide a zigzag line of
small amplitude but if there should
happen to be an object of any con
siderable size at a distance no greater
than two or three miles, the zigzag
line on the paper would be changed,
the amplitude of the waves would be
greater and would be very noticeable.
"To make sure, the blasts could be
repeated several times and then, if
the result should be always the same,
it would indicate the presence of some
object, and the length of paper be
tween the primary blast and the echo
would Indicate the distance that the
object was from the ship. It might
be so arranged that one inch of paper
represented a mile.
"The receiving instruments can be
placed anywhere on the ship where
they can be turned in the same di
rection that the siren is turned, and
there may he as many of them as
desirable."
Sir Hiram points out that there are
vastly more accidents to ships caused
by running ashore than by collision,
and that a coast does not need to pre
sent a very bold sea front to produce
a very strong "echo" on his appara
tus. If a ship provided with his ap
paratus was approaching the coast of
Ireland, he says, the echo would be
sufficiently strong to show itself ovei
a distance of at toast ten miles.
S I N FLORID A
Seminole Red Men Have "Nation
of Their Own.
Natives Who Refused to Go West 70
Years Ago Are Virtually Independ
ent and Recognize No Law
But Their Own.
Tampa, Fla.Within the boundaries
of the United States exists an inde
pendent nation that recognizes no de
partment of our government and has
its own rulers, laws, customs and lan
guage. The United States is as much
a foreign country to it as England or
France. This nation, numbering
about five hundred persons, is confined
to the Everglades in the most southern I
part of Florida. It is all that remains
Intact of the Seminole Indians, formerly i
one of the most powerful tribes, numer
ically in North America. The nation I
as at present organized, is compara-1
tively recent, but as a relic of the past,
it dates back to the pre-Columbian I
period. i
Just seventy years ago a peace
agreement was declared which ended
a seven years' was between the Semi
noles and the United States govern
ment. The Seminole tribe was made
up of two bands of Creeks who with
diew from the mam body in 1750 and
moved to Floridja, where they were
joined by remnants of tribes that had
come in contact with the Spaniards.
They were hostile to the white settlers,
and caused the Americans a great deal
of trouble during the Revolutionary
war. They affiliated with the Span
iards in 1793, and again showed their
enmity to the United States in the
War of 1812. A few years later the
Seminoles, together with a large num
ber of runaway negroes, began ma
king raids and massacres throughout
the frontier settlements of Georgia
and Alabama. Jn a J***'" less than a
year they were complete subdued by
Gen. Andrew Jackson.
The Indians signed a treaty in 1823
in which they agreed to give up nearly
all of their Florida land for a certain
consideration. Some, however, object
ed to these conditions and were al-1
lowed to remain, with the understand
ing that they were to live peaceably
and surrender all fugitive slaves.
This was unsatisfactory to the Geor
gians, who demanded that the Indians
Open Spot at Entrance to Everglades,
Florida.
be removed by force. An attempt to
do this in 1835 precipitated the second
Seminole war, which lasted seven
years and which is said to have been
the bloodiest Indian war in American
history.
Under the leadership of Osceola,
who combined both cunning and hero
ism, the Indians were remarkably suc
cessful. In one of the massacres Gen.
Thomson was avenged by Osceola's
own hand for having once imprisoned
the chief for a day. Several treaties
were no sooner made than they were
violated, usually through Osceola's in
fluence.
The war continued year after year,
many troops perishing in the swamps
either from poisonous insect and snake
bites or from fevers. In October, 1837,
Osceola, with several of his chiefs, ap
peared in the camp of General Jesup,
who at that time was in chief com
mand in Florida. Although the Indians
carried a flag of truce Jesup ordered
them seized. Osceola was sent to
Charleston, where he was confined in
Fort Moultrie. He died in a little more
than a year. Jesup was severely criti
cized for violating the flag of truce,
but he explained Osceola's treachery,
declaring that it was the only way to
end the war.
Boy Walked Off Train.
Tifton, Ga.While asleep, Paul In
man, aged twelve, walked off a swift*
ly moving Atlantic coast line passen
ger train, near Willachoche, Ga., and
did not wake up. Patrick Davis of
Tyty, Ga., Paul's traveling com
panion, missed the lad and a search
resulted in finding him near Willa
cochee. Paul said he did not remem
ber leaving the train but when he
woke up he was lying between two
trees about two miles from the rail*
road. He bears no bruises and it
undisturbed over his experience.
Forty-Day Faster Dies.
Lynn, Mass.Edward Hanlon, forty*
eight years old, is dead at the home of
his son, Robert Hanlon, after fasting
40 days, during which time nothing
passed his lips but water. When taken
ill he weighed 230 pounds and he felt
that the only way of securing a perma
nent cure was by reducing his weight
He succeeded in taking off 100 pounds,
but the eSort was fatal
AN EARLY BIBLICAL ROMANCE
First Popular Stcry in Literature
World is Discovered in Ele
phantine.
Assouan.What is declared to be
the earliest popular romance in the
literature of the world has come to
light in Elephantine,, an ancient is
land in the Nile, near Assouan This
tale, bearing the title "Acicanus," is
found in an ancient African manu
script. It was written about 500 B. C.
The tale is referred to by the author
of the Book of Tobias, and later it
appears in a modified form in the
Arabian Nights. The manuscript has
been restored by a German tiansla
tor, who gives an entertaining synop
sis of its contents:
"The wise Achikar is the vizier of
the king Sinacherib and his son
Asurachiddin. He Is extraordinarily
rich, but has no son. When he com
plains of this to the gods he receives
the advice to adopt his nephew Nadan
in place of a son. He follows the ad
vice and instructs Nadan in all wis
domthe romance gives his precepts
in detailand then commends his fos
ter-son to the king as his own suc
cessor. Asurachiddin agrees, but Na
dan misuses his position, and when
Ruins on Island of E'ephantine.
Achikar rebukes him for it he slan
ders the wise old man, denouncing
him to the king as a traitor Achikar
is so stunned with horror that he is
unable to utter a word in his own de
fense, whereupon the ruler gives or
ders to Nabusamach to put him to
death. But Nabusamach, who had
once been saved from death by Achi
kar, kills a slave in his place and
hides the old man in a secret dun
geon.
"The Egyptian Pharaoh hears of the
vizier's downfall and promptly de
clares war on the Babylonian unless
he shall ransom himself by the per
formance of a heavy task. The king
councillors are at a loss for words of
advice. In this dire need Nabusamach
confesses that Achikar still lives and
the king may avail himself of his
counsel. The old vizier promptly res
cues the king, to the great annoyance
of the Pharaoh.
The conclusion of the tale is as
naive as it is amusing in its oriental
viewpoint. Nadan is deposed and
brought in chains before Achikar, who
has him incarcerated and fed on bread
and water. Meanwhile he daily re
gales him with intellectual sustenance
in the shape of stories and fables
which are packed with both worldly
wisdom and spiritual edification. This
is especially interesting because it re
calls the plan of the ancient Sanskrit
collection of instructive tales kndwn
as the Hitopadesa.
"The wretched Nadan takes the
treatment very ill. Overcome with
anger and chagrinand possibly en
nuihe "swells up and bursts"!
"This history was widely known in
the Orient and was piously com
mented on by the writer of the Book
of Tobias as follows:
Behold, my son, how Nadab (Na-
dan) dealt with Achikar, that he
brought him alive into a dungeon un
der the earth. But God recompensed
him for his sorrow. He came again
unto the light and Nadab went hence
into eternal darkness.'"
RESIGNS AS STAGE DRIVER
Miss of Stockbridge, Mass., Makes
Remarkable Record In 23
Years' Service.
Stockbridge, Mass.Miss Florence
i. Markham, who drives the stage and
carries the United States mail be
tween the village of Interlaken and
Stockbridge for the government, has
made a remarkable record in her oc
cupation, which she has followed since
1889.
In that time she has traveled near
ly 100,000 miles.
In the winter Miss Markham has
been forced to shovel her way
through snowdrifts, and in the spring
she has repaired dapaage done to roads
by heavy rains, in order to make her
trip.
inp HE APPEAL STEADILY 6AINS
MONKEY HELD UP THIS TOWN
Simian Put Police to Flight But Is
Finally Captured by Small
Boy.
Lancaster, Pa-A big monkey,
used by side-show fakirs, demoralized
the police and had the western part
of the city in an uproar, when it es
caped from its owner, John Gormley.
It made a raid on a grocery store and
clawed a young college student who
tried to capture it
The police'were summoned, but
the monkey charged them and they
fled. Then it got into4a
4it is the organ of ALL Airo-Amecioans.
5Itis not controlled by any **gor oliqae.
6-It asks no support bat (fee people's.
back yard,
where it tore a cat to pieces. Finally
a snnli boy coaxed it into a chicken
pes, wl it was captured.
.40 PER TEAR.
i
Tragedy Rests on House Near
Grave of Slain Wooer.
Curse That Rests Over Place Near
St. Joseph, Mo., Had Its Incep
tion When Two Rival Gypsies
Fought Over Girl.
St. Joseph, Mo.Built upon
the unmarked grave of a mur
dered wooer, a little house
stands upon a lonely knoll near Sax
ton station, seven miles east of St.
Joe, Mo., a thing accursed and
shunned by those who know its his
tory. They fear the baleful influ
ences which are said to surround it.
During the 12 years it has been
standing eight lives have been blotted
out by violent means, illness and ill
fortune have followed the advent of
new tenants, the crops have failed,
while those on neighboring farms
prospered and a sequence of misfor
tunes has dogged the footsteps of
those who have braved the place and
its curse.
The curse that hangs over the place
began before the house was built. It
ha'd its inception when two young
gypsies, rivals for the hand of a
daughter of the tribe, fell out over
their love affairs and fought. The
vanquished one stole up behind his
sleeping rival that night and plunged
a knife into his back. Then he went
to the king of the band and confessed
what he had done.
Whatever the motive which inspired
the kingwhether his heart was with
the murderer or whether he did not
want an investigation by the authori
tieshe ordered that the body of the
slain man be taken to the knoll near
by and buried.
It was years later that Christopher
Schroers, a young farmer, building the
house to shelter the wife whoto he
soon proposed to take, looked down
from the roof he was shingling to see
standing at the foot of his ladder an
aged gypsy crone. She expressed a
desire to tell his fortune.
The fates are unkind," said the
gypsy dolefully, shaking her head.
You are soon to be married. You
dream of a long life ahead. You
think to gather with your children
and grandchildren about this place.
But in your hand I see naught but
trouble. Your dreams will not come
House on Which Curse Restn.
true. You will meet a death of vio
lence, and your widow will be loft to
mourn alone."
Get out with your bad-luck tales,"
said Schroers and laughed again.
"I read a-truly," said the gypsy.
The house that you build shall be a
house of ill luck. Beneath one of the
trees that shades it there lies a body
one of my own tribe who was buried
there by the hands of his friends.
His spirit cries out for vengeance'and
a peaceful, hallowed grave. Until
this is accomplished there shall be
no rest for those who live here."
Schroers returned to his work whist
ling. If he ever thought of the gypsy
woman's prophecy he did not mention
it to the girl he soon married and
took to live in the new house. A few
months later, returning from St
Joseph one night, Schroers allowed
his wagon to tarry a moment too long
on the railway crossing almost in
front of his own gate. They picked
up his mangled body a hundred feet
away, and the wreck of his wagon
was scattered along the right of way.
Tragedy has marked the place evei
since.
BAD ROADS COST MILLIONS
Farmers Lose That Amount Yearly,
Says A. C. Trumbo of Mus
kogee, Okla.
Denver, Col.A. C. Trumbo of Mus
kogee, Okla., president of the trans
Mississippi congress, which met in
Salt Lake City, declared that the pro
ducers of agricultural products in
America lose annually $250,000,000
over their European neighbors through
cost of transportation.
The solution of the problem, said
Mr. Trumbo, is in good roads, a ques
tion which he says the forthcoming
congress is going to make paramount
&**!
