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I !fj* THE APPEAL AN AMERICAN NEWSPAPER ISSLI:D WEEKLY J. .ADAMS, EDITOR AND PUBLISHER i ST. PAUL OFFICE No. 301-2 Court Block, 24 E. 4th st J. Q. ADAMS, Manager. MINNEAPOLIS OFFICE No. 2812 Tenth Avenue South J. N. SELLERS, Manager. TERMS STRICTLY IN ADVANCE SINGLE COPY, THREE MONTHS. .80 SINGLE COPY, SIX MONTHS. 1.10 iiNULE COfY, ONE YEAH*aA....$2.ot When subscriptions are by any means al lowed to run without prepayment, *h* terms are 60 cents for each Li we*.**.* *nd 5 cents (or each odd week, or at the rate of $2.40 per year. Remittances should be made by Express Money Order, Post Office Money Order Registered Letter or Bank Draft Post Stamps will be received the same a* for the fractional parts of a dollar Only one cent and two cent stamps taken liver should never be sent through th* mail It Is almost sure to wear a nol* thro* gh the envelope and be lost oi els*- 11 may be stolen. 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Hubert Eaves, a colored boy 11 years old, at Des Moines, Iowa has several times refused to salute the American flag at the Clarkson public school, which he attends and has been arrested by the truant officer. He says: "America is a white man's country, I have no country." It is said that he was instructed to do this by his parents and if true they are not only making fools of themselves, but are guilty of treason when they teach their son to refuse to salute the stars and stripes. They have done the boy a great wrong by endeavoring to instill such pernicious ideas into his mind and they are teaching him a falsehood. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States specifically states: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subjects to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. That covers the case of the L-" Eaves family. Both parents* and the, jjMk boy were born here and are citizens &*'/ V^y right of birth, and this country is as much their country as it is the ag^ country of any other persons who ^y were bornHhere. Jgi' Vardaman, Tillman and some other ffL, more or less notorious sons of the South have announced that this is a "white man's country" and no doubt fjt/V.-j- THE SIN OF SILENCE The woman afterwards confessed that the colored man visited her not only with her conbent but at her solicitation. Remorse over her fiendish act so preyed upon her mind that a short time after she died a raving maniac. That was twenty years ago. Now the fire fiend has again visited the Texas city and Paris is in ashes. This time millions of dollars worth of property of many of the "leading citizens" who took part in that man burning has gone up in smoke. Is this retribution? PSYCHOLOGY OF PREJUDICE. Last week the St."Paul Pioneer Press contained a very remarkable editorial which has been so generally and favor ably commented upon that we repro duce it for the benefit of exchanges and some people who did not see it. It certainly has the right ring. The occasion which inspired it was a meet ing of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: PSYCHOLOGY OP PREJUDICE. "It is the duty laid upon every American to rid himself of race prejudice so far as may be. And, this being America, race prejudice should be entirely banished from our national life, if not obliterated from our per sonal attitudes. "In any event, no American has a right, the smallest personal right, to speak or think his race prejudices in public. That is un-American and registers him as not an American. It is a difficult thing to do at best, this ridding one's self of prejudice, particu larly of race prejudice. There appears to be no corollary of tolerance to the American proposition of liberty. But, never was there a moment in our his tory when the call to this difficult achievement was so loud, or the op portunity so large. "And, at this moment when every man feels prejudices and every man knows it is laid upon him to act so far as possible free from prejudices, there is a very large opportunity to consider and banish a certain race prejudice. We have had the race with us almost from the beginning and will have it to the end. Much injustice has been wrought and will be wrought if To sin by silence when we should protest makes cowards out of men. The human race has climbed on pro test. Had novoice been raised against injustice, ignorance and lust, the in- quisition yet would serve the law, and guillotines decide our least disputes. The few who dare must speak and speak again to right the wrongs of many.Ella Wheeler Wilcox. ZM they would be greatly pleased if the colored people would accept that view of the matter and get off the earth or at least out of the country in fact some of these "statemen" have sug gested the deportation of all colored citizens. The average American knows that this is the colored man's country as well as the white man's country and history tells us that the colored man is worthy of the citizenship. In many things the country is un just to its colored citizens. Both pub lic opinion and legislative enactments are in many cases un-American, but that does not change the basic fact that all persons born here are Ameri cans and people who teach their chil dren that this is a "white man's coun try" and advise them not to salute the flag, are traitors to the land of their birth. IS THIS RETRIBUTION? The first lynching by burning a human being at the stake took place in Paris, Texas, many years ago, when Henry Smith an innocent colored man, CHARGED with assault on a white' woman, was saturated with kerosene oil and burned to death in the public square. It was a gala event. Thou sands of people, including "many of the leading citizens" came from miles around to witness the human holo caust. The woman who made the charge lighted the fire and as the flames crackled about their victim the elite of Texas danced like demons about the pyre. we do not conSrm or graMof mS *Te only toleration but friendliness to this church and for the society which na tionally is pledged to urge the ban ishment of this prejudice, the society for the amelioration of the conditions of the colored people, President Vin cent of the University will speak on 'The Psychology of Prejudice.' It is an illumination of which we are all in need. Too often our prejudice is a matter of instinct, without any psychology, any mental side to it. To discover where we err, and where we fail to manifest any intelligence, should go far to cure us of our medieval ill. And at this moment, there is nothing which we, as Ameri cans, an amalgam of all races, are so much in need of as an understanding of prejudice, leading to its elimina tion, or at least its subordination in public affairs." SEGREGATION IN ST. LOUIS. Only one daily paper in St. Louis had the courage and manhood not only to fight against segregation but to severely rebuke the other papers which stood for the unholy thing. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, the Pulitzer paper, in an admirable edi torial, set forth its view of the situa tion as follows: "The forces backing the segregation movement were so powerful that they were able to control newspapers and induce them to abandon their princi ples. That they should mislead for a time a large number of voters is not a matter of wonderment. "Of course the ordinances adopted under the initiative will have to stand the tests of the courts. We do not believe that they will survive. If they do not we do not look for a solution of the problems they were planned to meet. We believe that they are mis takes and that they will be recognized as mistakes and set aside in favor of the principles they violate. We hope, however, the experiment of segregation will not lead to serious consequences. "The racial problems with which they are planned to deal must be solved on a sounder basis of justice and lib erty and with a broader spirit of hu manity than are embodied in these measures." It is said that the intelligent col ored people of Saint Louis will fight segregation to a finish and that they must do, for upon the proper settle ment of this question depends their very existence. Segregation is spread ing all over the country and money must be raised to carry the question to the Supreme Court of the United States. THE APPEAL hereby subscribes five dollars to the fighting fund and and has forwarded that amount to the National Association for the Advance ment of Colored People at New York, the same to be added to the fund for carrying the matter to the court of last resort. Who will follow suit? "BASIS OF SOCIAL STRIFE." In a recent address before the Sun day Evening Club, Bishop Charles D. Williams handed out some straight goods. We quote three sterling para graphs: "Nine-tenths of our social strife come from trying to know people by labels or numbers. We require a great deal more temperance and virtue from the tramp who comes to the back door and asks for cold victuals than we do from the society youth who comes into the drawing-room and asks for our daughter's hand. "Think of the simple Russian, Ger man and French peasants across the sea tonight, murdering each other. If you went through the ranks most of them wouldn't know what it is about. They are doing it just because thorit* enl fl w enemy.' otne race. "The secret of nearly all our hatred "On Tuesday night at the Plymouth and indifference toward our neigh- THE IMII W II DARSS I honor the man *i in the con scientious discharge of his duty dares to stand alone th* woild, with ignor ant, intolerant judgment, may con demn, the countenances if relatives may be averted, and the hearts of friends crow cold, but the sense of duty done shall be sweeter than the applause of the world, the counten ances of relatives or the hearts of friends.Charles Summer. thall ha t: X^TJXV STTa THE REASON WHY. A distinguished foreigner who *is touring the United States had this to say relative to his impressions of the race question in this country: titles we hate to face realities. We are getting morally color blind to the REFUSED A HEARING IN WASH- i finer shades of righfand wrong. Off en INGTON BY VINSON OF I we are afraid to be alone with our GEORGIA real selves" for fear we should get acquainted with them." "I have always been interested in what is called the race question in every viewpoint and if possible find some reasons for its existence. "After I had met so large a number of intelligent, well educated, refined and cultured colored people I was at a loss to understand the reasons for the bitter race prejudice and the at tempts in various parts of the country to segregate people of color. "The problem was largely solved when I attended at Evanston, Illinois recently a conference of the various branches of Methodism and in which the colored branches had representa tion. "That a body so-called Christians should find it necessary to even dis cuss the question of segregating any class of people was so contrary to the spirit of Christianity that I was greatly surprised but after a South ern delegate had in a vigorous speech opposed segregation,- I was dumb founded to see a bishop of a colored ^Methodist church arise and make a speech favoring the separation of his branch from the proposed union of Methodism. He referred to his mem bers as "white folks' Negroes" and said they wished to be set apart. It was a disgusting revelation. "The whole thing is now clear. Some ignorant, short sighted self-seeking leaders are seeking segregation in the church for some personal reasons. Evidently they are not versed in his tory or they would know that they are playing with fire. If they are segregated in the House of the Lord, segregation civilly and socially fol lows as a natural sequence. Old col. ored men who were reared in slavery are apt to have slavish ideas and the only hope of the colored people is that tire young men, the clear headed thinking young men, will take charge of the situation and push to the rear the truckling leaders who are willing to sell their birthright for a mess of pottage." HONORABLE SECRETARY VISITS. "The Honorable, the Secretary of the Treasury," W. G. McAdoo, has started for South America. He is accompanied by Senator Fletcher of Florida. The United States is reaching out for Cen tral and South American trade and these two worthy segregationists will no doubt receive a rousing hearty wel come from the warm hearted Latin Americans. In Brazil the "Honorpble Secretary" will meet many prominent citizens, high officials and merchants who are colored men of various shades, from a bright yellow to a lustrous bJack, and he has made a great mistake if he has not included among his im pedimenta samples of the famous seg regated water closet which was in vented by former "Honorable Assist ant Secretary of the Treasury" Will iams and installed in the treasury building at Washington by "The Hon orable, the Secretary of the Treasury" McAdoo. Doubtless this new-fangled Democratic contrivance would greatly impress many of the men of various mixtures of Indian, Negro, Portuguese and Spanish bloods, "The Honorable, the Secretary of the Treasury" will have the HONOR of meeting. And it is appropriate that "The Hon orable, the Secretary of the Treas ury" should steam away on the U. S. armored cruiser Tennessee. The name Tennessee, as well as that of every other state in the murder zone of the United States, is one for segregation ists to conjure by, reeking as it does with civic injustice, race prejudice, jimcrow laws, religious cant, hypocrisy and lynching. THE LIAR AND HIS LIES. Recently in Richmond in the more or less "grand old commonwealth of Virginia," colored citizens according to the Daily Times-Dispatch, honored a Catholic priest who had worked among the colored people, by present ing him a silver tea service. So far, so good, but in his speech the colored brother who made the presentation speech said that "the white and col ored people of Richmond lived side by side in most harmonious relations and that there was not the least sign of race prejudice." Now somebody has lied. Either the Times-Dispatch has misquoted the speaker or he has deliberately falsi fied. The Planet, the Reformer and the St. Luke Herald newspapers pub lished by colored people has stated scores of times that rank prejudice exists and certainly the enactment of the city segregation ordinance which does not permit colored and white people to live "side by side." In truth the talk about "harmoni ous relations" is mostly bunk and it has been handed out for years by the" bootlickers who for personal reasons desire to curry favor with their op pressors. 'Harmonious relations," "not the least sign of prejudice" and such ex pressions are lies and the man who niters them knows that he is a liar. A white youth at Jacksonville, Fla,, raped a colored girl six years old. No talk of lynching. *r COLORE COMMITTEE On Bills Favoring Jim Crow Cars and Making Marriage of ^Colored and White People a CrimeRep. Tink ham Conducted Hearing Alone. th the Halted States and since my arrival T^eToUn I have endeavored to study it from attempt to get a hearing on bills for (From the Boston Guardian.) Mr. Archibald Grimke,Branch presidenfto the Washington. D. C, Nati nal Association for the Ad- SS separate street cars and against inter marriage of white and Colored per sons, introduced into Congress. He says that Rep. Ben Johnson, of Ken tucky, chairman of the District Com mittee, ignored his request and a hear ing before the sub-committee was se cured through Congressman George Holden Tinkham of Boston. When this Colored committee ap peared Rep. Tinkham telephoned to the sub-committee chairman. Rep. Vinson of Georgia, that some citizens were on hand, which brought him to the scene. The latter, however, on viewing these citizens took Rep. Tink ham into an ante-room and practically accused him of deception in that those present were Colored Americans, sup posing they were white ones, who favored the bills. He flatly refused to hear this committee and is alleged to have said to Rep. Tinkham: "I never was more astonished in my life when I saw the committee rooms filled with a lot of niggers and mongrels." Tinkham Conducts Hearing. Rep. Tinkham then conducted the hearing himself, having a stenographic report made of everything said. Pre sumably no white member of the or ganization was present, and no Colored woman spoke. Colored men mentioned as speaking were Dean Kelly Miller and Prof. Geo. W. Cooke of Howard University, Mr. Grimke, Mr. White field McKinlay, a wealthy business man, ex-Collector of the Port of Georgetown, James A. Cobb, Esq., and ex-Asst. W. S. District Attorney of D. C. Indifferent to South's Aggression. The article says that there will be no printed' report of these arguments, because Colored persons are not con sidered as citizens by the Democratic majority in Congress, and that the South has deprived the Colored people of all representation in Congress (of course with the acquiescence of the Republican North) and introduces hostile bills upon which now it tries to refuse a hearing, and asks how long this disregard of the rights of Colored citizens under the Constitution is to go unchecked by the "American na- tion." Mr. Grimke summarizes the argu ments used, especially against the stigmatizing and degrading anti-inter marriage bills as follows: We showed why the bills ought not to become law that white and Col ored people have been riding in the same cars since 1865, without race friction that there is no public de mand for separate cars and street railway companies are opposed to them and while we did not advocate the inter-marriage of the races, far from it, yet we were opposed to these anti-marriage bills because there is no necessity for such a law, as in ter-marriage between the races is very rare and is, in fact, a negligible quantity in the District of Columbia as such marriages constitute but a small fraction of one per cent of the marriages in the district. We went further and deeper, and showed that such a law would operate not to raise public morals but to lower them not to prevent the inter-mixture of the races but to make amalgamation ap pallingly easy. Laws Against Inter-Marriage Do Not Stop but Increase Inter-mixture of Colored Blood. He showed how such laws operate to preserve race purity in the .South by establishing double moral and legal standards, and how white men can and do live in concubinage with Colored women there, having chil dren by them with impuity that they live in lawful union with white women in their world and in unlawful union with black women in their world at one and the same time, producing in consequence a vast number of mixed bloods every year. We showed that if Colored women had the same legal redress against white men which white women possess, by action for seduction and bastardy process, and that if these white men could be forced legally to support their Colored children, could be brought to book by the criminal law for adultery and forni cation with Colored women, there would be vastly less inter-mixture of the races in the South than is going on there at present, and that the South is opposed not to illicit inter course between the races, but only to legal sexual relations between them Must Judge A Group by Its Beat. (From the Christian Register, Boston, Mass.) No one can be said to know any class of people who has not been in intimate and sympathetic relation with the best as well as the worst of the class. We compare many persons who live in the South, and think they know the colored race, with others who have had no such contact, but who have come into intimate and sym pathetic relations with large numbers of that race whom their Southern Mends have never known and of the two sets of people we should say that the second knew the colored people better than the first. They know aspi rations among them that the others do not know, or, knowing, do not enter into and appreciate they know capabilities by direct contact'with the best of the race which others are obli vious of they know qualities which only respect and sympathy can bring out they know possibilities to which others by their very acquaintance are blinded. If those who know the col ored race through the mass and by observation merely could, know what Individual possibilities are demon strated in growing numbers of the elect, and would be courageously can did with themselves, they would re vise their judgments and possibly sof ten their prejudices. At any rate, they ought to credit to those on whom they, charge ignorance of the colored race the values that come from know ing how many of that race are the equal of any members of the dominant race in the highest abilities and in the) clearest aims. No estimate is worth much which does not take people at their best. a *v ^aw-j KJ1.1. eXce DR. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON BE JUST TO THE LIVING. see the -Supreme Court of the natior n^an+iT, TVT~ -i A declare unconstitutional thee very iiJKS *iL??c f?r different racv Ag pub journals which- took notice ofE. the. asserted that the comment made by Edito W Du Bois in The Crisis, on the death of the late Dr. Booker T. Washington. The virulence of the attack, by these papers upon Dr. DuBois, was more untimely than anything he had said about Mr. Washington. Editor Du Bois gave public utterance to his con victions, and in so doing allowed the world to know the estimate he had of Dr. Washington. Many others may think like the editor of The Crisis, but will not dare to express it. Mr Wash ington would not have been a man, if he had been without fault. As a man he made mistakes of judgment, though honestly we believe. The editor of The Crisis recognized not his personal mistakes, which had to do with his personal character, but those acts which had to do with the shaping of the destiny of the race in this country. In criticising the public acts of a man, no one should be held up as an enemy nor as unjust if the criticism is just. Those editors who abused Editor DuBois did not at tempt to show that he was wrong in his judgment of Mr. Washington. It is grossly unfair to appeal to abuse when one is in a combat. The very fact of appealing to abuse indicates that the opponent is correct and there is not an argument to meet him, but assaults upon him must be the alternative. Truly, Dr. Washington stood out as an educator of no mean ability in the industrial world. He achieved his prominence in that por tion of the country where great an tagonism to the advance of the race existed. He had to "stoop to con- quer." He made great concessions in order that he and his institution might accomplish a good for the race which they otherwise could not. In the opinion of the editor of The Crisis Mr. Washington conceded too much. There are certain facts that stare us in the face and we must consider them. First: Tuskegee has grown, but the common school education of the race in the South has shrunk almost to nothing. Second: During the height of Mr. Washington's popularity almost every Southern state tried to segregate the school fund Third: Though Tuskegee has turned out many worthy students, the rank and file of our children in the South are worse off today than they were thirty years ago. Fourth: The financial backing of Tuskegee institute, by the most in fluential men of the country, resulted in an alarming decrease in gifts to higher educational schools to prepare leaders for the race. Fifth: In spite of the conciliation of Mr. Washington, the South during his life-time destroyed more of our men by lynching, and lawlessness than at any other period of its his tory. Sixth: The advising of our people to eschew politics and get materia.l wealth, did not make theinra one whit better, for am fast as the race got wealth everyc device for segrega- i ulives S pp ur a and ss Seventh: Mr. Washington lived to ed the Haitian government. E- W- *S3*l3g8fl8!D"- tet- vices which he asked the rac to sude |mi a I otne wor The Lynching of Haiti. (From St. Luke's Herald.) But, why not Mexico? Well, Mex ico has a populationeable BURGHARDT DU BOIS^F w* tha cou intention of thetr amendments, that made the race citi zens, was that they should exercise the franchise for the protection of their citizenship. Eight: Though Tuskegee attempt ed to keep both races in a kindly atti tude, no man was more abused than Mr. Washington when he ate with tht president of the United States Ninth: The summary is, the very things Mr. Washington desired most to accomplish he died without seeing. For twenty years he labored to have his people secure the rudiments of a common school education and enjoy the friendly attitude of their white neighbors. This he did not realize tr any considerable extent. The editor of The Crisis believe the very attitude of Dr. Washington riveted upon the race the very evils he sought to dissipate. The editor? that belabor the editor of The Crisif should disprove this position or ac knowledge their mistake in unjustly attacking a wise man. Evidently, n* man will attempt to foster to tht same extent the policies of Mr. Wash ington. It is very doubtful that Tus kegee can continue on the same elab orate scale, unless philanthropy en dows while the country feels keenly the death of its founder. All sensible persons believe the race must have material basis upon which to stand It must also be remembered that the material prosperity of every people is protected by the skill and brains of the learned in the law that guide in dustrial enterprises No race needs learned professional men as mveh as our race. No race needs a leadership which is equipped with the very es sence of scholastic ability as does the race. When men say that William E. B. DuBois has done nothing, they stultify themselves. He has his faults, but he also has the virtues of manhood, scholarship and ability that will immortalize him. There are many students who look with pride upon their stay in the class room under this man of brains and the in fluence of his teachings has permeated this country. Great scholars are a race's greatest assets. It is time for the race, and especially its press, to taboo abuse of our men who are men and will let the world know it. We must learn to differ from men and respect them. If the criticism of the editor of the Crisis was in opportune at the time, the vitrialic attack on him is more so. Let us hope the press will learn to be just to the living. Rev. William A. Byrd, Rochester, N. Y., in the Gazette, Cleveland, Ohio. of 15,000,000. people wIt has several men calling themselves generals,e backed by armies that will a eac ar will not fight any people who can figbt back. The helpless and unarmed are ated NegroeW this administration has lynch- ---_ our prey. Just as we lynch helDless l- si^ ^J: