Newspaper Page Text
VOL. 38 NO. 3i
REAL KOBO IS
FRIEND OFWORK
Denver Dutchy Declares That
Wanderers Bear Brunt of
Many Heavy Tasks.
BEMOANS THE DEAR OLD DAYS
Old Thoroughbred Tramp Has Passed
and Profession Has Petered Out
Only in Comics Do You See.
Tried and True Tramp.
Seattle, Wash.Where are the
tramps of esterdav ?*those aptly
dubbed "knights of the road," who, in
halcyon days, were a common sight
along stretches of railroad right-of
ways, throughout the country. Shift
less, happy-go-lucky fellows they were
readily identified as "wandering
Willies," or membeis of the roving
mendicant fraternity, by their make
shift hats, unkempt and usually un
washed stubble beards, ill-fitting
patched trousers, nondescript coats,
battered and tattered over-sized
shoes, but, best of all, by the tools
of their "trade," a tin can and ban
dana handkerchief bundle which they
carried on the end of a short stick
over the shoulders.
"Alas, poor Dusty Rhodes! I knew
him well, Horatio'" moaned Denver
Dutchy, a more or less retired veteran
of the road, as he gently closed a
grimy paper-bound edition of Emer
son's Essays, which he had been read
ing for diversion while Vbeating it a
division," several weeks ago in a box
*a from Pueblo to Denver, Colo., over
the Colorado & Southern railroad. His
traveling companion and confidante
of the last three days, the reporter, a
mere novice, whose experience as a
hobo consisted of a trifling 23,000
miles covered at intervals during a pe
riod of four years, had askedtor rem
iniscences of the old days when "box
cars were box cars, and men were
men," stirred by fond memories of the
past, was visibly affected.
Bemoans Dear Old Days.
"Ah, will those dear days ever come
again," he said almost sadly, shifting
his weigh! as the train took a sharp
curve and rumbled into a long, dark
tunnel the mountain side. When
daylight again showed through the
open door Dutch continued: "I think
not. The old thoroughbred tramp has
passed, and the profession has petered
out. Only In the comics do you see
the tried and true tramp of yesterday.
"Tramp life is a different life now
from what it was ten years ago. And
what makes it different is this: The
old-time tramp was on the road to do
as little work as possible. When he
needed a stake to hold him over the
winter in the North there were plenty
of jobs in almost any town where he
could put in a few days' work and
come clear with enough money to live
for a few weeks. On the road he
could always tackle a woodpile for
some 'kind lady' and get fed. Then,
again, the jungles in every town were
always full of 'bos' who had plenty of
food they had bummed or had bought
"Getting was easy in those days,"
Dutchy went on. "But now! There
are several million men on the road
tramps and bums allbut they're not
on the road because they want to be.
Unemployment has put them there.
Homeless, penniless and sometimes
friendless, they are beating it from
one town to another looking for work.
Few Realize Hardships.
"People in the city with jobs don't
know what a hobo is up against. For
that matter few of them know what a
hobo, in the true sense of the word, is.
They don't know that a real hobo is a
traveling workman who does some of
the hardest and poorest paid labor in
the United States. Who harvests the
great grain crops of the Middle West
each year? Hobos who drift in from
all over the country harvest it. They
also build the railroads, irrigation
projects and other construction jobs
cut the timber in the often-lousy log
ging camps, harvest the ice crops,
work in mines and oil fields, and per
form other work that lasts for only
a short time and which only the drift
ers will tackle. A hobo will only bum
when he is down and out and can't
work out a meal."
Denver Dutchy said many other
things. Subsequent investigation finds
that he is correct. The hobo is a
worker.
Conditions on the road are pitiful.
In parts of the country where the un
employment situation is not critical
the life is not so hard, but in portions
where it is, as in the entire Southwest,
many hobos are leading a life that is
really worse than that of a hunted
animal^ Railroad detectives and spe
cial agents chase them off trains and
out of railroad yards and the local
police order them out of towns or
arrest them for vagrancy.
Drastic Laws Against Them.
Many states, especially Texas, have
drastic laws under which a man must
serve from one to eleven months on
road chain gangs if found guilty of
vagrancy. This punishment has made
many men bitter against the police
and citizens of many cities, and agita
tors and agents of several radical or
ganizations are using this fact as an
argument toward enlisting hobos to
their various causes. In the North
'wesr. posted at nearly every Impor
tant freight division point, are repre
sentatives of the I. W. W. who solicit
and often succeed in enrolling hobos
for rea car
'ip"fr
ds" on the strength of thls^
argument alone .They hold toe fed-
-i$#fci*
eral administration responsible in a
large "measure for national unemploy
ment.
"Here's a land of plenty," they say.
"You, a human being must wander
through it starving, eold and tired
with no place to lay your head. An
alley cat or stray dog is better off
than you are."
Few people realize what segrega
tion of these two or three million idle
men would mean. If there were not
these, hobos swarming in hordes over
the railroads in every section of the
Union, the unemployed permanent resi
dents of-most of the cities and towns
would hare less chance of getting po
sitions. The city man should be thank
ful that there are hobos in times when
work is plentiful.
^Outlook Bad for 19.22.
The outlook for 1922 is unfavorable,
especially for the winter. With so
many mines and mills shut down, and
with the harvest season and con
struction jobs nearly over, it will not
be long before several hundred thou
sand hobos will again have to "hit the
road." Most old-timers predict a win
ter that will be worse than last year,
one that brought much suffering.
Jails will have to be thrown open
and winter quarters provided as well
a* bread lines formed.
Hobos everywhere ad\ ise youngsters
not to try to beat their way anywhere
at present, especially riding "blind
baggage" on passenger trains. Mail
guards have shot and killed so many
suspects that it is unsafe.
Besides these hardships, there are
more severe ones that tax a man's en
durance to the utmost. In spine towns
throughout the nation the restaurants
and homes have been pestered so
much by hungry men seeking work
that several men have actually
starved to death in them.Ted Seel
man in the Chicago Dailv News.
LARGEST RADIO VACUUM TUBE
3W
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$qdp|^^^|^|^teAi
Dr. Irving i^angmuu, assistant di
rector of the research laboratory of
the General Electric company, inspect
ing one of his new 20 kw. radio vacu
um tubes, the largest ever made. This
is the tube Marconi predicted would
revolutionize wireless by replacing the
gigantic alternators now used in trans
oceanic radio.
In his right hand Doctor Langmuir
is holding a 20-1 radioton, the tube
so widely used by amateurs with re
ceiving sets. This shows the compara
tive size of the new tube.
AGED TREE IS BLOWN DOWN
"Lookout," Largest Cypress in State
of Florida, Was 49 Feet in
Circumference.
Moore Haven, FlaThe "lookout
tree," a cypress believed to have been
the largest in Florida and which had
stood for ages near the shore of Lake
Okeechobee, a short distance from the
settlement of Belle Glade, has been
blown down. It was 49 feet in cir
cumference.
At the base was an artificial mound
of saiid believed to have been carried
there from the lake shore by mound
builders, who once were inhabitants of
the territory. The Indians or pre
historic people buried many of their
dead in the mound, for numerous speci
mens of human bones have been re
covered from it. One of the most
interesting of these was a wristbone
encircled by a crude handcuff, a re
cent discovery.
INDIANS WILL GET $2,500,000
United States Offers, Sum to Potawata
mies in Canada Waiving Rights
to Wisconsin Land.
London, Ont.A. G. Chisholm, solici
tor for a number of Indian tribes in
western Ontario, announced that at a
recent conference in Ottawa with In
dian department officials he had been
informed that the American govern
ment would pay $2,500,000 to the Pota
watami Indians who are resident in
Canada in payment for certain rights
they once held in what is now Wiscon
sin.
Mr. Chisholm said tribal members in
the United States are now being paid
off and notification has been served on
the British ambassador at Washington
that the money soon would be avail
able for the Potawatami Indians in
the dominion.
Never Absent Nor Late.
York, Pa.From the time she began
school, at the age of six years, until
the day of her graduation this spring
from Millersville Normal school, Mary
E. Fetrow of Lewisberry was never
absent. Her unusual record shows
she never was tardy nor ever excused
from any part of any day's work in
her school career. She was at her
desk 2,7ftf days and spent 19,200 hours
at her studies In the schoolroom,
[JURAL CUSSES
LONGEST Lie
'o-
Census Bureau Also Finds
Women at AH Ages Have
Better Chance for Life..
6IRLS HAVE BEST CHANGE
Examination of Mortality Tables In
dicates Decided Improvement in
Infant Mortality.Rates*Ex-,
pectation Is increased.
Washington, D. C.The Department
of Commerce, through the bureau of
census, announces that the second of
ficial publication on life tables derived
from births, deaths and populations
is soon to be issued. These tables
show conditions as they existed in
1890, in 1901 and in 1910, thus making
it possible to study the changes which
have taken place in mortality during
two decades.
It is shown that mortality at practi
cally all ages is higher among men
than among women. In particular,
it appears that the most favorable
mortality in this country is found
among women living in the rural dis
tricts. The rural classes, regardless
of sex, enjoy a much lower mortality
for nearly the entire range of Ufe
than those living in the cities. W^le
the expectation of life, both ajnong
men and women, in most cl&sjes bas
steadily increased, there is no in
dication of any definite fcngthening
of the span of life.
In other /words, "while almost all
classes of persons are living to an
elder average age, the limiting age of
human life does not seem to have ad
vanced.
Girl Babies Have Best Chance.
In 1901 the expectation of life
among white girl babies at birth was
about three years more than among
white males, and in 1910 the excess
in favor of the girls had increased to
almost three and a half years. There
seems to have been a general improve
ment for all classes for the ages up
to about age forty for men and age
fifty for women, except for the negro
population. Above these ages no im
provement is shown, and in some cases
the mortality at the older ages in
391Q was actually less favorable than
it was in 1901.
An examination of the infant
mortality tables indicates a decided
improvement in the infant mortality
rate in most classes of the population
between 1901 and 1910. The expecta
tion of life of children born in 1910
also shows a considerable improve
ment over the expectation of *life of
children born in 1890 and 1901 and
practically all classes of the popula
tion. The infant mortality in the
rural districts was considerably lower
than that in the urban districts, both
in 1901 and 1910, but the difference
in favor of the rural districts was net
as great in 1910 as it was in 1901,
indicating that the efforts to improve
infant .mortality conditions in the
cities are undoubtedly meeting suc
cess.
Life tables are also given by sex for
Australia, Denmark, England, France,
Germany, Jlolland, India, Italy, Japan,
Norway, TSweden and Switzerland.
They may be used to compare rates
of mortality and expectations of life
at any age in one country with those
of any other country^ or with those in
the United States.
Low Mortality in Norway.
A comparison with these countries
shows that, except for France, India
and Japan, the rates of mortality
among men and women are less favor
able in this country Jthan in the
foreign countries mentioned. For ex
ample, the lowest annual rate of mor
tality a thousand at birth is found
in Norway to be about 81 for
males and 67 for females, while
for a similar class in this
country it is about 127 for males and
105 for females. This indicates that
there is still much room for Improve
ment in this country.
The most important mortality tables
used by life insurance companies in
this country and in foreign countries
are included in this publication.
BOYS BUY MARKS IN PARIS
French People of All Classes Invest
Their Money in German
Money.
Paris.The fever which has prompt
ed French people of all classes to in
vest their francs in German marks led
a twelve-year-old boy to a large Paris
bank, where he asked for "a franc's
worth of German money.'*
"Perhans, though," said the child,
"it would be better if I bought Hun
garian money. I read in the paper this
morning that marks had gone up, but
Hungarian money hadn't, but Hungary
has lots of corn and I think her money
will go up soon, don't you?"
The clerk told the child to Invest
his franc in candy.
Put on Shoes in Sleep.
Hammond, Ind.Al Roberts, tem
porary resident of the Hammond jail,
was given a pair of new shoes by a
jail worker. He put them under his
pillow when he went to sleep. Awak
ening, tbey were gone. He accused,
bis cellmates and his fists started a
small riot. When the police persuaded
the rioters to" cease, Roberts found
the shoes, on bis feet. He had put
them on while asleep, so the police be
live and stancbly declare.-
'Is
ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS. MOT.. SATTJEDAYrAUGlTST 5, 1922
HAS PORCH AUTOS CANT HIT
Postmaster Whose Home Is on Sharp
Curve of Road Tires of Being
Bumped by Speeders.
Newton, N. J.Postmaster Lester
T. Smith of Layton has a big front
.porch on his house, jtfilch is on Bing
man's road at a point where there is
a sharp curve, and for many years he
has sat there in the evenings and
smoked his pipe without anything
happening to him. But the other day
he was having a smoke when an auto
mobile came around the bend and
skidded, smashing into the porch and
wrecking on$ end of it.
The automobiUsjt paid for the dam
age and went on hisa and the post
master sent lor a Ajparpenter, ho
worked all night and all morning put
ting a new end on the porch. Late
in the afternoon the postmaster went
out to have another smoke, but he
had hardly tilted his chair back and
lighted his pipe when another auto
mobile came whizzing around the
curve and skidded.
Onee more the machine crashed into
the porch and wrecked an end of it,
and, since it was the end on which he
was sitting, he went down with the
wreckage. But he was not hurt, and
he got out of the debris in time to col
lect from the automobilist, who paid
and drove on. Then the postmaster
called for the carpenter and gave or
ders, but not for a new front porch.
He told the carpenter^ to tear down
the front porch and biild one on the
rear of the house.
"Maybe I'll have peace there," he
said. "Soon as I get my new porch
done they can skid1
all they want to,
but to get me they'll have to jump
over the house."
BUILDING AT HIGH MARK
Reports From 141 Cities in the Uni
ted States Show Greatest Ac
tivity in Years.
New York.Building' records for
June, showing a total construction val
ue of $218,674,499 in 141 cities, set a
new high record for 19*^2, Bradstreet's
reports.
The previous high mafk for the year
was $206,804,015 in M|y. The June
figure compares with $127,671,278 in
June, 1921. I
The total for the second quarter of
1922, $683,568,331, maksl a gain of 32
per cent over the high-record first quar
ter of this year* and of| 63.7 per cent
above that recorded iaJme same quar
ter of 1921 This second quarter's to
tal, it might be noted, is slightly in
excess of the total for the combined
first and second quarters of 1921. This
total for the half-year, with 23 cities
yet to be heard from as to June, is $1,-
200,998,472, a gain of 75.9 per cent over
the like period last year.
GERMANY EXPELS COUNTESS
Hetta Trauberg, Pacifist, Driven from
Native Land for Her Peace
Propaganda.
Vienna,Countess Hetta Trauberg.
the German pacifist, who was interned
by the Germans during the late war
because she condemned submarine
warfare, the deportation of ^Belgian
and French women and children and
the treatment of .allied prisoners, has
been expelled from Germany because
she still persists in her peace propa
ganda.
She is at present in Vienna, where
she is compiling a book, deriving much
of her material from the archives of
Vienna. She is said to have secured
war letters exchanged between the em
peror of Russia, Emperor William of
Germany and the Austrian emperor,
Francis Joseph.
GREATER NAVY FOR SWEDEN
Parliamentary Commission Urges the
Building of Fast Cruisers and
Destroyers.
Stockholm, Sweden.A parliamen
tary commission, supported by navy
experts, has proposed for the Swedish
navy a building program for the next
ten years of four fast armored cruis
ers, twelve destroyers, .six torpedo
boats, three mine layeis^ twenty-two
submarine chasers and a number of
smaller craft. The armored cruisers
are to be 6,500 tons each, with a
speed of thirty knots, with eight 21-
centimeter and six 12-centimeter guns.
As the proposal is based on parlia
mentary consideration, there is' a prob
ability of its being passed at the com
ing session.
Board Bill Too Heavy,
Prisoner Is Released
Arthur States of Lima, O., lit
erally ate his way out of prison,
where he was serving aer be
cause of his inability to pay a
fine of $1,000 on a liquor charge.
He served only a few weeks
when the county commissioners
began figuring out results of
the incarceration of States at
a fixed amount a day to apply
on his fine. ^st-02v
Tne board ordered him par
oled with the understanding
that he pay $7 a month on the
fine. Eleven years will be re
quired to liquidate It. His board
i had already cost the county
$100. Commissioners figured that
It would cost $1,249.50 to collect
the fine for the state had he re
4 mained in jail. rt
U.S.FILMSHOWS
DANGERSTOELK
Campaign to Save Majestic Mem
ber of Deer Family From Fate
of the Buffalo.
STARVATION GREATEST FOE
Adequate Winter Grazing Grounds Are
an Absolute NecessityWinter
Snows Drive Herds Into Forests
Where Poachers Get Them.
Washington.The question of
whether the elka noble American
animal and the most majestic of the
deer familyis to follow the buffalo
into near-extinetion is asked in film
form in a new United States Depart
ment of Agriculture motion picture,
"When $lk Come Down."
Up in the highlands of Yellowstone
National park dwell the remaining
big herds of this animal. In the park
where they are well protected there
is an abundance of feed in the summer
time. But in the winter, when the big
snows sweep down on the Rockies,
the elk are forced from the mountains
and out of the park, to the lower
levels where there is less snow. In
this annual migration many of the elk
pass into the national forests which
entirely surround the park. Thus
they become a source of concern to
the forest service, which, in co-opera
tion with the Montana state game
department, is responsible for the new
film.
To Protect the Elk.
The film story opens when a big
snow is due. From a ranger station,
forest rangers and a state game ward
en start out to protect the elk from
"tooth hunters." Up in the mountains
"Six Prong," a great bull elk, sniffs
the coming snow and starts to lead his
clan to the lower country. Sam Bil-
Most Majestic of Deer Family.
ler, a notorious poacher, also senses
the coming of "elk weather," and he
and a companion leave their cabin for
the open ranges, knowing that the elk
will be easy to trail and kill when
they are handicapped by snow and
hunger. The adventures of the three
elements in the triangle are fthen
shown, up to the trailing and killing
of an elk by Biller and Biller's arrest
by the rangers. The story ends with
the statement that the elk can be
protected from poachers, but that star
vation, the animals' other dangerous
foe, can be permanently thwarted
only by the provision of adequate
winter grazing grounds.
The available winter range in the
national forests is far too limited
in area to support the great bands that
migrate from the Yellowstone park.
The greater part of the winter feeding
grounds is^ also, not within the nation
al forests but under private owner
ship. The solution of the elk prob
lem, it is said, lies in the purchase
of these private lands either by the
government or by popular subscrip
tion.
Cold Photography.
"When Elk Come Down," was pho
tographed last February in the Ab
saroka national forest, Montana. The
camera1
work was done with the ther
mometer twenty and thirty degrees
below* zero. There are many scenes
in which the elk appear on the snow
covered mountains. Good "close-ups"
of the animals were obtained by the
use of telephoto lenses.
The picture, two reels in length, will
be distributed and exhibited largely
through the co-operation of organiza
tions interested in perpetuating the
elk and other game animals. Prints
may be borrowed from the department,
or may be bought at the manufactur
ing cost by authorized institutions.
Crow Rides With Mailman.
Norwich, N. Y.John Cheehy, rural
mail carrier, has a pet crow named
Jim, which rides with him on his mail
route. The crow has never offered to
fly away and may be jjpeen every day
riding with Sheehy in the latter's auto
mobile.
Often the crow is perched on Shee
hy's shoulder when he goes to the
post office to make up his mail for de
livery. The crow was taken out of a
nest and is about two months old.
Two Men First to Climb Mt. Victoria.
Lake Louise, Alberta.Val A. Flynn
of St. Louis, noted amateur mountain
climber, and Rudolph Aemer,^ Swiss
guide, succeeded in climbing the face
of Mount Victoria in the Selkirk range,
11,600 feet This is the first tune this
feat has been performed. Flynn has
tried it three times before^S? ifellll&f:
Maniac, Alone on Ship,
Comes From "Nowhere"
New Bedford, Mass.A 30-
foot schooner, battered and
niastless, was discovered ashore
on West island, in the outer har
bor here recently. On board
the hulk wa^ Osmund Erlckson,
who said his address was the
sea. When found he was eat
ing a* handful of grass.
Erickson, who was suffering
from starvation, was unable to
tell where the vessel came from.
According to police his memory
was impaired by the privations
he Lad undergone.
The schooner, the name of
which could not be determined,
carried a crudely arranged mast
to replace two that had appar
ently been carried away by a
storm. This mast was about six
feet high and pieces of old
clothing had been used for sails.
The hull-had been mended in
several places with bits of zinc
and tin.
FIND NEW ANIMAL FOSSILS
Specimens Discovered in Arizona
Throw Light on American Life
in Pliocene Age.
Washington.Animal fossils throw
ing a new light on the little-known
animal life of America in the Pliocene
age, have been added to the collection
of the Smithsonian institution by the
field explorations conducted in Arizona
in the past year, and described in a
report by the institution. Among the
most interesting specmens discovered,
the report said, are a new species of
mastodon, a large and small species
of camel and two or three species of
horses. W. Gidley, member of the
Smithsonian staff, who conducted the
explorations, says the collection of fos
sils "represents practically a new fauna
of the Pliocene age, containing about
60 vertebrate species."
Dealing with the a^trophysical field
work of the institution, the report said
the observations of the sun now being
made at its station on Mount Monte
zuma, Chile, are being telegraphed dai
ly to Buenos Aires and "employed reg
ularly by the Argentine weather bu
reau for weather forecasting purposes."
"While the Smithsonian Institution,"
the report said, "is not yet in a posi
tion to champion the use of statistics
of solar variation for weather fore
casts, the great interest which its
studies of solar variability have
aroused here and abroad seems clearly
to warrant the continued maintenance
of its two stations until a satisfactory
basis for a test of the solar variability
as a weather forecasting .element has
been laid."
KERENSKY TO TELL SECRETS
Memoirs Say He Sought to Save the
Czar, but Was Frustrated by
Great Britain.
London, England.Startling revela
tions respecting the dethronement and
death of former Emperor Nicholas are
promised by Alexander Kerensk, one
time head of the Russian republic,
who has been, quietly writing his
memoirs in a London flat. Kerensky's
plan was to spirit the emperor out of
Russia to a neutral European country
or to the United States, but this, he
contends, was frustrated by Great
Britain.
The book of the former Russian dic
tator will begin with the inception of
the war and cover the final collapse
of the empire. It will explain not
only the cause of the Romanov over
throw, but the failure of Kerensky's
own government.
The writer declares that if the al
lies had been willing to let Russia re
main passive for a period they could
have kept her as a valuable ally. The
book will point out that the entente
insisted on Russia's displaying energy
on the front while in the throes of a
revolution at home.
His own overthrow Kerensky attrib
utes to simultaneous pressure from
the two extreme parties, the royalists
09 the right and the Bolsheviki on
the left, in addition to the hostility
of the army.*
BATTLE IN RUMANIAN TRAINS
Crowds, Jamming Coaches, Often
N Come to Blows Serious
Accidents Frequent.
Galatz, Rumania. Some railroad
trains in Rumania are so Jammed that
conductors are powerless to collect
fares. Hence the impression is con
veyed that one may travel for nothing,
which serves only to bring larger num
bers to the already overcrowded
coaches.
Like most other war-affected coun
tries, Rumania has not enough pas
senger coaches to take care of the
throngs who want to travel. The Ger
mans and Austrluss confiscated most
of the rolling stock. Passengers today
are forced to ride on the roofs, bump
ers, running boards, and even on the
undertrucks of the coaches. Fist
fights, to say nothing of accidents,
fatal and otherwise, are of frequent
occurrence.
iy,
Woman Chief of Policed"
4
Martinsburg, W. Va.The new city
council has appointed a woman chief
of police or city sergeant, as the office
is officialy designated here. She is
Hiss Hattie Zepp, Republican, and
well known busbtesp woman,
ceeds Oscar, M$ )BlfaasS$J^'J*
4
$2.40 PER YEAR
FINDS BATS TO
BE MALARIA CURE
Erection of "Roosts" Around San
Antonio Made the Lowlands
Habitable.
EXPERIMENTED FOR YEARS
Dr. Charles A. R. Campbell's Discov
eries and Scientific Work With
Bats Interests Naturalists
All Over World.
Los Angeles.Malaria, the disease
that competes with tuberculosis and
cancer in its heavy toll of life, has
found its'Nemesis since science pro
tect*! and shelters the bat as the nat
ural enemy of the malarial mosquito.
Tlie result of Dr. Charles A. 11
Campbell's discoveries and scientific
vi ork with bats and mosquitoes has in
terested naturalists all over the world.
The first bat roost was built in San
Antonio for the purpose of nddiny
the oity of the pestilential malarial
mosquito
For years Dr Campbell experiment
ed on bats to discover why they were
immune from the disease that wrought
s-uch havoc with human beings.
Bats Abhor Jazz.
It took a great many years for Dr
Campbell to be **ure of the cause for
the difference in the susceptibility of
the bat and that of other mammals.
W. D. Hornaday writes in the Los An
geles Times. The great difference
the anatomy of the bat was found to
be in its relativelj much larger spleen.
It is to this organ that Dr. Campbell
attributes the ability of the bat to
thrive on the mos-qu'to and consume
large numbers of them without being
affected.
N
In his experiments with bats Dr
Campbell has come across several pe
culiar characteristics of the animal.
For instance, bats abhor jazz. A
phonograph, a jazz record and a small
boy stationed on the top of a hunting
lodge infested with bats so startled
the animals in the early morning hours
as they returned to roost that they
flew some two miles away, entered an
other lodge and never returned to the
one in which they had been living for
two years. The explanation of tins is
that the ear of the bat is so delicate
that discordant or strident noises are
to them the most irritating of all sen
sations
The remarkable value of bats as a
health service was demonstrated in
San Antonio when the malaria infected
swamp region around Lake Mitchell
where there was abundant grazing for
cattle was experimented on. It has
been said that formerly it was im
possible to build fences around this
land bordering the lake strong enough
to hold the cattle.
The myriads of mosquitoes were not
only dangerous on account of their
germ-carrying propensities, but their
bite was too painful even for beasts
having shoe-leather hides to endure.
Dr. Campbell erected a bat roost on
a rise in the neighborhood of the lake
and in a year the place was cleared of
mosquitoes and thousands of bats had
taken their places. The gracing land
is now covered with fine, healthy cat
tle and the farm land is irrigated from
the waters of the lake. Malaria is al
most unknown among the people dwell
ing in that locality.
It requires ten to fourteen days for
the malaria parasite to develop in
the blood of the mosquito after the
insect has been infected. With a myri
ad of bats flying about each night in
search of mosquitoes as food there is
little chance of a mosquito living ten
days after it is old enough to fly
abroad at night.
Many Bat Roosts in San Antonio.
After the success of this campaign
against malaria bat roosts were estab
lished in the southwest outskirts of
San Antonio. This was so successful
in ridding that portion of the city of
mosquitoes that the state erected an
other at the Southwestern Insane
asylum in San Antonio. Another was
erected at the West Texas Military
academy in Alamo Heights. Summer
homes and farms are now taking up
the idea.
Some of the bat roosts erected
under Dr. Campbell's supervision are
of mammoth size. Often they rise to a
height of thirty to fifty feet and are
fifteen to twenty feet square. The
largest of them accommodate from
0,000,000 to 8,000,000 b9ts, it is esti
mated. In the early evening as they
take their departure for the mosquito
hunting grounds they have the ap
pearance of a dark cloud. Bats do not
range over a wide territory in their
foraging expeditions, it is asserted.
Ordinarily they cannot be counted on
to cover a radius of more than three
miles and often they confine their
flights to a mile or less from their
roosting place.
"Wolves" Get $750,000,000.
New York."The Wolves of Wall
Street" have,robbed their victims of
$750,000,000 since the close -of the war
through fraudulent stock promotions
and bucketshops, declared District At
torney Banton in a statement discuss
ing the ^prk of his office for the last
six months. Y^S^m^ Ss
She Parachutes 1,600 Feet.
Rome.Signora Geraldine Grey Lof
fredo ascended in an airplane at the
CentoceUe military flying grounds, and
descended oveif %$O0 ^feetMn P*ra|g
:**8vl *0fe She Is the first woman to have,
