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HAWAIIAN GAZETTE.
J. MOTT SMITH,
Director of the Government Press.
HONOLULU:
WEDNESDAY, OCT. 14, 18C8.
BY AUTHORITY.
Cbarles Altbzd Castle bu this daj been
-J appointed Registrar of Public Accounts.
C. C. IUbhis,
Slinbter of Finance.
Finance Otnce, Honolulu, Oct. 6, 1868.
To all whom it may concern, be it known,
that the Cattle-Pen at Waiobinu, makai of the
Public Road to Kona, hat this day been set
apart as an enclosure for the impounding of
cstrays for the district of Kau, Island of Ha
waii), in conformity with section 231 of the
Civil Code.
Fekd. W. IIctcbisox,
Home Offlce, Oct. 12, 16t8. Minister of Interior.
OrriciAL iroTiriCATios bat been received
at tbii Department, that the Consulate of the
Tree and Hanseatic City of Bremen, baring
been merged into that of the North German
Confederation, ceases ita functions from this
date, and that the duty of said Consulate of
Bremen will henceforth be discharged by the
Consul of the North German Confederation.
(Signed.) Siepiicx II. PiiiLiirs,
Minister of Foreign A flairs, ad intrrim.
TJiTAarvurT or Fobxigj A it tins, I
Honolulu, Oct. 2, 1S6S.
To Robert G. Sans, Esq., and Richard H.
Staxlet", Esq., Grating:
Whereas, by "An Act to compile and pub
lish tba Penal Laws of the Kingdom, both in
the Hawaiian and English languages," ap
proved 22d of June, A. n. 1S68, the Judges of
the Supreme Court are directed to cause to be
compiled, ready for publication in both the
Hawaiian and English languages, the Penal
Laws of the Kingdom which may be in force
at the termination of the Legislative Assem
bly of 18C8.
1Ye having full confidence in your skill and
ability to make the compilation of Penal Laws
above directed to be made, do hereby commit
ion you jointly to compile ready for publica
tion the Penal Laws as herein directed, and to
submit the same to us for examination, and
being approved, you arc further charged with
the duty of reading and correcting the proofs
of the printer, in both Hawaiian and English.
And for what you may do in these premises,
this shall be your sufficient authority.
,, EusnA H. Aixex,
Signed Jj)(ES w AcsII!t.
- List of Tax-Collectors
Appointed for 1808.
r
OAllUl
Honolulu G JI Luce
' Ewa and Waianae J W Keawehunabala
Waialua W C Lane
Koolauloa .Paukiolani
Koolaupoko S G Wilder
JIAUIl
Labaina -Peter II Treadway
Wailuku H Kuihelani
Jilakawao J Kcobokaua
Hana T C Forsyth
Molokai and Lanai D Kaopeahina
II AW AH l
Hilo...... ...G W Akao n&pai
Hamakua -J K Kaunamano
North Kohala ..W Merseburg
South Kobala... H Cooper
' 'North Kona...... J G Iloapili
South Kona ..K Kamauoha
Kau L E Swain
Puna.:...- S B Puatnana
1CAUAII
Uanalei Sam'lWilcoi
Anaholo S Kamahalo
Lihue .....T II Marshall
Koloa .W 0 Smith
Waimoa J II Kapuniai
Niihau .....Frank Sinclair
By order of the Acting Minister of Finance.
TnE Statistics of tho Collector General
of Cnstoms show that the gross value of
our exports for the nine months of 18G8,
have exceeded that of the same period of
186" by S118.797 78. We have, in other
.words, sold our products at better prices,
or have so increased their quantity that tho
value realized is greater, by the above
statement, than wo received last year, and
tho nation and individuals arc by so much
richer.
This is duo mostly lo our leading ex
port sugar, which has been gradually at
taining a better footing, both as to the
quantity produced for export and the
prices obtained in the market. The gain
in quantity thns far over last year, is, as
shown in the tables, C42.0C1 pounds, and
the prospect for 1869 is, that onr export
will be still further increased by one or
two million pounds, which, if prices keep
up, will add largely to our resources and
wealth.
It must bo admitted that our Bugar plan
tations aro intimately connected with our
material prosperity as a nation, and that
their successful prosecution is a matter of
general interest. The greater part of our
business and commerce is directly or indi
rectly connected with these plantations,
and tho disposal of their products, aud
wbfcn they are running at a profit all classes
feel the benefit.
It in a gratifying fact that tho year, thus
far, has been a paying one lor the planters.
Basing their business upon the laws of
trade, supply and demand, laws which
may bo said to be independent of legisla
tion they have proved to themselves that
they ore able to enter tho field of compe
tition, and secure a fair remuneration for
their produce ; that they have some con
trol over the market by reason of their
proximity to it, and tho necessity of thoso
there ungaged in like business, so that the
way to an assured and moderate success is
fairly within their own reach.
It is also gratifying, that while much
may bo done to enhance and stimulate our
sugar enterprises by treaty relations, to
know that we aro not entirely dependent
upon them for ultimate success.
The effect of this increased value of our
exports is observable in the various depart
ments of business, sad we may believe
tbet times are easi;r,althoBgh, there ia sot
as yet, any new projects afloat for the em
ployment of spare capital. The latter is
abundant for nil the ordinary wants of bas
inesa.having been thrown upon the market
by tho plantations paying a part of their in
debtedness, and consequently withdrawing
as borrowers. Tho lower rates of interest,
brought about by the improved condition
of bncinocu, as well as the law enacted by
the brt Legislative Assembly, places pro
jects of improveaeflts and new enterprises
more surely within the reach of borrowers,
snd must soon have its legitimate effect
upon the expansion of various industries.
The value of real estate has also ad
vanced daring the year, tho transactions
in this species of property having shown a
marked appreciation in the prices obtain
ed. We can have no surer indication of
prosperity, or of tho improvement of the
times, than the rise of real estate.
It is evident that we have received, in
an available shape, the excess of the value of
our exports this year over last, and with
this have been paying debts, investing in
improvements, and in other ways placing
ourselves in position for a still farther vig
orous prosecution of business. A glance
at the assessments for this district of
Kona shows, that the general wealth has
increased, in that the returns, ol personal
property is increased by more than half
a million of dollars over that of last year.
This advance cannot be attributed to acci
dental accretion of property in some hands,
since, throughout the roll, almost every in
dividual returns an increased figure to his
former assessment. Such facts are unmis
takable evidence that our national wealth
and prosperity is advancing, and that we
have no reason to be discouraged over the
future, or querulous over our present cir
cumstances. Is is significant that the gain of 8118,000
in our exports, has been 'made in the face
of a decrease of several of our products,
which have not reached during the nine
months the figures of last year, and have
suffered 'under a depressiou of prices.
Coffee has uot for several ngonths com
manded a'price that wonld warrant its ex
portation, and it ha3 languished under the
fluctuations of value iucident to trade.
Rico and wool have also fallen off, although
neither interest can be said to bo suffering,
the former especially having created for it
self a home consumption, which secures
for its growers a fair and remunerative
price. Our leading agricultural enterprises
are prosperous, and arc drawing with them
to an easier condition and to better times
all classes of .business. This is eminently
noticeable in the grazing interest, the im
provement in which is owing solely to the
home demand that has sprung up, and
lifted it from that condition in which, a
few years since, Eome grazers were glad to
boil down their bullock for simple tallow.
From the soil of these islands we must
draw our wealth, and upon its cultivation
we must rely for a permanent prosperity
and an expansion of oar business and pop
ulation. We cannot hope to become a
"manufacturing nation, and we must not de
pend too ranch on accidental or capricious
sources of income.
We are g!ad therefore, to note the pro
gression in our exports, that has already
almost closed the gup that has always
made our customs' returns show a large
excess in tho value of our imports, and
must shortly place the bilance upon the
other side. It will also not only reassure
our home capitalists and laboring men,
who havo thus far almost wholly upon
their means and skill developed our agri
cultural capabilities, that we have mines of
of wealth in' our soil, but tho proved fact
will inspire confidence in ns abroad, and
bring to our doors both men and mean3.
Capital may be timid by reason of absurd
and hurtful remarks, but if we can hold up
our success in rebuttal, it will be an irro
sistablo persuasive power.
- Memorial. The general sentiment of our
community regarding the treaty still pending
In Washington, is set forth in the following
Memorial, which has been sent to His Majes
ty, and which wc are permitted to publish:
Honolulu, Oct. 8, 1S66,
To His Majestt Kamehameha V.,
Xing of the Hawaiian Islands:
Mat it please Youk Majestt: The un
dersigned, residents of the Hawaiian Islands,
deeply interested In their prosperity, and be
lieving It would be greatly promoted by the
Reciprocity Treaty with the United States,
wbo&c passage baa been sought with such
untiring fidelity by lils Excellency C. C.
Harris, Tonr Majesty's late Envoy at Wash
ington; believing also, that the probability
of a successful issue to the negotiations
which, for this purpose, bave been in pro
gress, will be greatly increased by the pres
ence, at Washington, of a duly accredited
Agent of the Hawaiian Government, beg
most respectfully to recommend that Tour
Majesty will appoint eome suitable person
to proceed to that place for this purpose.
The undersigned have the honor to be,
Very respectfully, Tour Majesty's Obedient
Servants.
S. N. Castle,
J. Makec,
a Peck,
J. B. Atherton,
IL A. P. Carter,
C Brewer,
C. R. Bishop,
II. nackfcld&Co.,
bv AtL J. Bohlman,
F. A. Scbaefer,
G. II. Luce.
W. C. Parke,
L. McCuIl v.
J. W. Austin,
E. Hoffscblaeger a Co.
Lewero & Dickson.
E. O. Hall,
J. Mott Smith,
B. F. Ehlera & Co.,
8. M. Damon,
II. E. MclntyreaBro.
C. IL Lewere,
Bolles & Co..
T. II. Davics,
8. G. Wilder,
A. F. Judd,
J. O. Carter,
C. J. Lyons,
Walker fe Allen,
P. C. Jones, Jr.,
W. L. Green,
II. M. Whitney,
G. Rhodes.
A. 8. lllcgborn,
J. T. Wnterhousc,
II. Dickinson,
E. P. Adams,
E. Hoffmann, M. D.,
JI. Raplce,
It,McKlbbin.lr.M.D.
R. W.Wood, M.D.,
J. 1. Dowsctt,
M. C. Monsarrat,
E. Fenard,
C. N.Snencer&Co..
T. A. Hobron,
it. Liimona,
C. A. Castle,
E. 11. Bovd.
iJ. 8. Richardson,
li. .May,
W.Hitlebrand.M.D.
E. Streliz.
a S. Banow
L. L. Torberf,
M. 8. Grinbaum a Co.
JL A. Wlderoann,
A. D. Cartwrlght,
IL Prendsrgast,
T. S. Mossman.
J. 8. Smithies.
PdaKO Flood, A heavy freshet happened
the last of September, at Puiko, near Ka
walhae, Hawaii, which destroyed the fish
and salt ponds, besides doing other damage
at the shore. Large quantities of drift-wood
and debris were brought down by the torrent
from the slopes of HualalaL Such on un
usual occurrence in a place where rains and
running streams are not known, and dry,
rugged lava fields usurp the land, Indicates
that either a water-spout broke on the
mountain, or some other extraordinary flu
vial phenomena happened iuka.
Xlie Adulteration of Sngars.
We give the following letter or Mr. Castle
on sugar, published In the Adtertiter of last
week. The argument is conclusive, that
color forms no criterion of the constituent
elements of sugar that color merely deter
mines the market value, the basis on which
the U. 8. tariff I founded.
The morality or immorality of making No.
12 sugar in the producing conntry is a point
that may be left to those who delight la con
troversy and discussion ; legality or illegality
is the main question. The change by the law
of 1SC7 of the excise duty has rendered the
statement that refiners pay me cent on the
pound for their manufactnred sugar, lncor
rect.; but by the argument In Mr. Chafer's
letter in another place, it will be seen that
the present excise duty need not be noticed
in the calculation.
Honolulu, Octobers, 1SGS.
Mr. Editor: From my stand point, tbe
remarks of the commercial article in tbe last
Advertiser, upon the sugar question, seems
erroneous. Tbe United States are not sugar
producing (from cane at least) excepting
Louisiana, and the high duties upon sugars
under No. 12 are 6olely for revenue a war
measure. Formerly the duties upon sugars
were thirty per cent ad valorem, but not long
before tbe war they bad been reduced to one
half cent per pound. They were raisedby
tbe tariff of lbCS, and again, subsequently,
to tbe present rates.
The refining interest of the United States
Is a large one, employing a heavy capital and
a great amount of labor. It is a manufacture
Ing interest; bnt sugars under No. 12 do not
compete with its manufactured sugars; raws,
however, over that grade In rotor, do come
in competition with its coffee sugars in the
general market; and tbe additional half cent
per pound Is, I think, designed more to pro
tcct a great manufacturing interest than for
revenue.
Sugars under No. 12 are not really in a
marketable condition for the general market.
A very large part of the West Indian sugars
are above No. 12 In color, whilst tbe great
body of Manilas are below, and have no sale
In the general market, being used only for
refining. Tbe duties are levied no donbt
with reference to tbe market value of tbe ar
ticle, and that value is determined in sugar
by its color; if under No. 12, it is fit only for
refining, and refiners arc almost tbe only pur
chasers, it belnjr suited only for their mann
fact are. If above No. 12, it is fit for tbe gen
eral market, and comes In immediate com
petition with their products. By darkening
their sugar with coal-dust Its value for tbe
market Is effectually destroyed, for it cannot
be sold as a grocery sugar for consumption
until It has been refined, su that the protec
tion of the refiner Is more perfect than If it
were below No. 12 In color, and not darkened
artificially, for that could be used without re
fining. The Importer of spirits reduces the
strength of bis article because be expects to
make more in this way than to pay tbe high
er duties upon the stronger article. But bis
spirits arc left in a marketable condition.
Tbe refiner colors bis sugar witb coal-dust
for tbe same reason, but has the disadvantage
of utterly destroying its value for the gener
al market by so doing.
It is also assumed that tbe color determines
the value to tbe refiner that the lighter the
color the greater the amount of tbe material
suited to bis purpose, and the greater Its val
ue to him. Tbe color determines the market
value, but not the value to the refiner. The
larger tbe amount of cane-sugar, and the
smaller the amount of grape-sugar the
more value it is to the refiner, and dark
sugar, under No. 12 in color, often possesses
these principles or constituents in quantities
and proportions that renders it worth more
to him than a lighter colored article which
would pay Z cents duty and command a
better price in the market To illustrate:
in the refinery contracts tbe price is gradua
ted by the amount and proportion of these
constituents, which are ascertained "by chem
ical analysis. A given price is paid for all
sugars containing a certain amount of cane
sugar and not to exceed a certain amount of
grape-sugar. If there is any excess of cane
tugar, six cents on every 100-pounds is added
to the price for every one per cent of such
excess. If there is a deficiency, a deduction
from the price is made in tbe same ratio. If
there is an excess of grape-sugar, then seven
cents upon every hundred pounds is deducted
for every one per cent of such excess. This
is because its value to tbe refiner Is in exact
proportion to the amount of cane and grape
sugar contained, the former only being; fit
for the refiner's use, whilst the latter Is posi
tively injurious, destroying from once to
once and a half Us own weight of tbe former
In the working. But to the Illustration:
Three plantations, in different districts of
these islands', sold to the refinery on contracts
"respectively about 100, 400, and 500 tons of
sugar. The sugar of the flrtt analysed ten
centt, and the sugar of the second, thirteen
cents below tho standard, and yet its color
was lighter than No. 12. The sugar of the
third, analysedourreflt and a haf cents above
the standard, but its color was darker than
No. 12. In the general market the first and
second would have brought not less than one
dollar per 100 pounds more than the third,
and paid fifty cents more duty, whilst tbe
third was worth from to 27 cents more
for refining; than tbe two first-named lots.
To show more definitely bow little color is
to be relied upon as a standard of the value
of ram sugars for refining, I will state that
83,781 pounds from the first-named planta
tion, analysed SS.S8 per cent of cane-sugar,
8.00 per cent of grape, and 3.06 per cent of
waterand extraneous matter, being C6f cents
per 100 pounds below the 'standard in value
to refiners, and yet so light In color ns to be
subject to 3Lf cents duty; whilst from tbe
last-named plantation, 35,172 pounds analysed
97.18 per cent cane, one per cent grape-sugar,
and 1.83 per cent of water and foreign mat
ter, being 29 cents In price above the stan
dard, and yet so dark as to pay but three
cents duty. The former was subject to a
half cent per pound dnty mor? than the lat
ter on account of Its light color, but worth
95 cents per pound less to the refiner. 42,
S05 pounds of light colored sugar analysed
T9 cents below tho standard.
Tbe grape-sugar, so injurious to the refiner,
forms the sweet principle inboney, which
In its best condition, is almost as white as
snow; it is also found candled in raisins in
white bunches, sweet to the taste. Tbe
above-named factt will make it clear that tbe
color of raw sugars does not and can not de
termine their value for refining, as seems to
be assumed la the commercial article. !
Bat there Is a point to which I hav not
alluded In the foregoing remarks. Does the
revenue suffer by darkening the sugar? Im
ported without darkening, it would pay 3J
cents duty; but the refiners would not buy
It, for they could uot afford to do so. It
would be sold for grocery sugar in the mar
ket and tbe government would realize its 3Jf
cents per pound only. Bnt darken it and It
cannot be used without being refined. It be
comes emphatically tbe Imported raw mate
rial for home manufacture, and not only sup
ports tbe capital and labor of this great In
dustry, so beneficial to the country, and
which contributes so much directly to Its
wealth, and indirectly to Its revenues by the
taxes which must be paid into tbe exchequer
from tbe increased wealth and increased in
cones, but it pays also a direct excise tax of
one cent per pound more or less as a manu
factured article; so that Its added benefits
arc labor for the needy, increased wealth and
Incomes and Increased revenue direct and
Indirect for the country.
Let me repeat. The imparities of sugars
below No. 12 render them unfit for use with
out refining; above No. 12, they arc generally
purer, and being lighter In color, come into
competition with a borne industry which it
is deemed politic to protect by an enhanced
duty, for sugars of this standard arc expect
ed to be sold without refining. It could not
have seen the intention of Congress to charge
the manufacturer tbe protective duty upon
an article bf foreign manufacture imported
by bled as raw material for bis manufacture,
and to charge bim besides witb the excise
duty apon bis manufactures. It seems to
me, that to charge tbe manufacturer 3 cents
and tken one cent per pound as a home tax,
wbilst'tbc importer of the forelxn competing
article pays bat Z cents, would be both im
politic and unjust. I do not now feel that
to darken the sugars which must in conse
quence be refined and pay the additional
home tax is either morally or legally wrong,
and that tbe sugar is as much sugar under
No. 12 as if the dirt aud coloring matter had
never been extracted. I justify no fraud
upon governments or individuals. Govern
ment officials sometimes make mistakes ruin
ous to individuals; I have heard of a cargo
or cargoes of melado (undroincd sugar) being
seized upon the charge of an attempt to de
fraud tbe revenue by attempting to import
sugar of a higher dnty as melado, which pays
less. The case was appealed, and tbe deci
sion of the Supreme Court rendered in favor
of tbe owners ; but the delay, the leakage
and the expenses ruined the enterprise. I
have known melado sent from here, charged
with sugar duties, (whilst there could not
bave been more tban 1700 pounds of sugar in
a ton) referred to Washington and no redress
obtained. But I have already said more than
I intended, and will only say in closing, tbat
if my views aro wrong, I am sure they are
honestly held. Tours truly,
8. N. Castle.
P, S. A friend first mentioned to me some
weeks since tbe darkening of tbe sugars, and
tbe spontsneons remark which he made was,
that It reduced tbcm to tbe condition of raws,
which must be manufactnred before tbey
could be sold. It seemed so natural and just,
as they would then be obliged to pay excise
tax in addition, that I was surprised two days
before the steamer arrived to hear the sug
gestion that tbey might be seized, for even if
there were no further tax to be levied on
them, no industry or manufacturing interest
to be promoted or fostered, I fail to sec why
tbe refiner's right to darken bis sugar is not
ns perfect as tbe distiller to weaken his spirits.
One adds water and the other coloring mat
ter, neither of which are spirits or sugar; but
the refiner fosters a great industrial interest
which would not otherwise be, and pays the
treasury an additional tax of more than tbe
half cent duty which be would have paid.
As to not giving information to the officers
about darkening tbe sugar, why should Mr.
Gordon or any onu else do so, if tbey thought
it was ineir unqocsuonea rignr. a.x.u.
Kcfinery Sugar.
Mk. Editor; There are several mistakes
in tbe remarks made by tbe Advertiser upon
Mr. Castle's article on Sugar.
llrst: Grape sugar is valueless for refining
pnrposes. hvery planter knows that sugar
will show a better ana! sis after being ex
posed to the atmosphere; also, that grape
sugar gathers far more moisture from the at
mosphere than cane sugar; thus causing a
large loss by leakage on the voyage. Al
though grape sugar is made by the process
of refining, and finds its way Into the golden
syrup, yet I believe that all- tbe original
grape is a damage and loss to the refiner.
Second: Does tbe United States revenue
suffer loss by darkening tbe high grade su
gars 7 I answer, Xo. It Is well known tbat
tbe average of all the Island sugar is nnder
No. 12, or 3 cents per pound duty to tba
United States. In tbe mixing of all grades
together, about 2 per cent, of moisture can
be dried out, which, compared with the dis
puted lot, would stand thns: 2,010 pounds
adulterated, 3 cents duty, J00.S0; and 1,950
pounds mixed sugars, 3 cents duty, $53.50
the revenue therefore gets $1.80 per ton more
duty in the former case.
Third: The Advertiur says "the total
profit on each ton of 'doctored' sugar is
S38.25." The following statcmentwlll show
a mistake of $31.45, or that there Is only $6.60
between the values of No. 15 and No. 12.
An English authority, it says, gives the av
erage product of a ton of refinery sugar,
when refinCd, as follows:
Para sugar, 1,410 lbs., or 70.5 per cent., 8c 112.60
oiauei.. . MAJ ao M,v an li.w
Waite,....
90 do 4.5
da
Total 1127.80
The above I call very bad refining. The
Advertiser then compares this showing with
some old analysis of sugar, thus:
Pure sugar, 1,W0 B., or 87.00 per ct., 0 Sc., !ISS.20
Molaasea... 55 do 2.75 do 8 1.65
Wiute, 5 do .25 do
Total JU8.85
- Having often refined No. 15 sugar, I will
give the correct analysis, which should be
used in the comparison.
Pure sugar, 1.G00 Ibj-, or 80 per cent, 8c, $123.00
Molamea... 280 do 14 do 3 8.40
Watte. 120 do 6 lo
1136.40
Lesa the extra, pay to revenue of&cer 1.80
Total S134.0D
A mistake by the Advertiser of merely
$31.45 per ton; the difference, tC.tiO, makes
It therefore quite impossible to pay another
i cent, or $10 per ton, duty.
Tours truly, Alfred Ciiateb.
Coal Oil. Dealers and those Interested
In coal oil assert that there Is no danger,
but accident upon accident gives the Ho to it.
Much of the coal oil in use has been prbperly
refined and Inspected, while no inconsidera
ble portion never passed nnder tbo test of
tbe inspector. The assertion Is made that
when the oil in a lamp is consumed, or while
it is being consumed, the vacuum is filled up
by a gas which is explosive; and the lower
the oil becomes the more danger there is
from explosion, should tbe gas by any means
become Ignited by the flame. Another
theory is set forth by those who bave given
t he subject some attention, and that is. that it
is always dangerous to blow out a lamp
through the top of the cblmney, as it blows
tbe flame down Into the gas generated by
the oil and causes explosions.
Kerosene lamps should never be blown
out, under any circumstances. It is tbe Im
pure oil tbat Is responsible, for most, If not
all tbe accidents which occur and therefore
coBswsers ought to buy only the best, and
from responsible dealers.
Japanese for Hawaii.
From the San Francisco Trxis, Sept. 3d, 1S
Eds. Timbs: Some five or six months
since the Government of Hawaii effected,
through the Consul General of tbat Kingdom,
with tbe official authorities of'Japan, a con
tract for the services of a company of Japan
ese coolies, with view to securing a more
efficient and reliable class of laborers on the
sugar plantations of those Islands.- After
these laborers bad embarked and were about
sailing from tbe port of Yokohama, furnish
ed with passports from tbeir government, a
new party having succeeded to power, objec
ted to their leaving; refusing to issue new
passports or acknow ledge tbe validity of tbo
old ones, as well as declining to grant tbe
vessel on which these people had embarked,
a clearance so long as tbey remained on boaid.
Tbe cause ot these proceedings did not rest
in the alleged violation of any existing law,
nor in any complaint on the part of tbe la
borers tbemselves, who, satisfied witb the
arrangement entered Into on their behalf,
were anxious to depart, but in an unwilling
ness on the part of tbe new faction to have
tbem leave tbe conntry.
At this Juncture, Mr. Van Valkenburg;
United States Minister to Japan, having Ibis
particular case in view, published an official
notice, declaring tbat the law relative to the
coolie trade ol China was applicable also to
Japan ; advising Mr. Seward, Secretary of
btate, at the same, that an attempt was tnus
being made to Introduce this odious traffic in
tbat country, and counseling tbe enactment
of more stringent laws for Its suppression.
The business of engaging these laborers
bas in this instance, sas Mr. Van Valken
burg, been conducted by a Mr. Van Reed,
who appeared to be acting as Consul-Generai
of Hawaii witb tbe consent of tbe local au
thorities at Yokohama. Tbe gentleman al
luded to Is Mr. Eugene Van Reed, formerly
of this city, where he was well and favorably
known, and who, for tbe past seven years,
bas been residing In Japan, having thorough
ly mastered tbe lauguage and become well
acquainted witb the laws, literature aud
usages of that people long before Mr. Van
Valkenburg arrived In the country. The an
tmns of our Minister is made maulfest by his
use of tbe expression "appeared to be acting
aa Consul General of Hawaii," when, In fact,
Mr Van Reed had long been known and re
cognized as such official, tbe consular Sag of
tbat nation having lor several years oeen ny
Ing over bis residence. As well might It be
said of Mr. Van Valkenburg that he appeared
to be acting as Minister of the United States,
at a time when there can be no question as to
tbe fact.
But without dwelling on this discourteous
expression, it may be well to Inquire whether
or not this particular act of immigration from
Japan was attended witb such circumstances
as would warrant its being deuominated an
attempt at opening up tbe coolie trade in
that country, inasmuch as this event has
been gravely commented upon by the New
York Tribuneand other Eastern journals, and
been made the subject of a communication
from the Secretary of State to the Senate,
wherein it is recommended that tbo law pro
hibiting the coolie trade with China be made
applicable also to Japan.
The transportation of this class of laborers
from India and China to Cuba, Peru and oth
er foreign countries, commenced about thir
ty years ago, and.baving been attended with
great cruelty, led to tbe enactment of laws
by China lorbidding it altogether. Crowded
in the illy ventilated holds of vessels, many
of these unfortunate beings perished during
tbe passage, while others resorted to suicide
as a ready means of freeing themselves from
suffering.
In CMna.tlic business was conducted by
tbe agents of ship-owners, who, having stip
ulated to furnish a certain number of coolies,
visited the opium and gambling bouses,
where, finding those overcome with stupor,
or who, having become Involved in debt
which they were unoble to discbarge, readily
consented, for a small sum of money, to en
gage in a service and to emigrate to distant
countries concerning which they knew little
or nothing, tbe very terms of tbe contracts
under which tbey were engaged being con
cealed from them. Having once consented
to go, they were hurried away to the port of
embarkation, and there kept in close confine
ment until sent away. On their arrival at
their place of destination, they were soldlor
a term of years to the highest bidder, who
thenceforth treated tbem as slaves. At the
end of this period they usually found them
selves so deeply in debt that tbey were com
pelled to re-engage to their masters, who
tnus reduced tnem to perpetual oonaage.
These hardships and cruelties finally caused
the English and Americans also to legislate
forthe better protection and comfort ol these
coolies. Tbe provisions of these laws were
mainly directed to regulating the number of
persons, tbat ships engaged: in this traffic
sbonld be permitted to carry, requiring them
to be properly ventilated und provisioned,
andguardingtneseunfqrtunate beings against
fraud and oppression, not only during tbe
passage, but also, after tbey were landed.
That these were wisoandhumanecnactnients,
in view of tbe early horrors of this trade, ad
mits of no question. But it does not appear
that the case, of which our Minister felt call
ed npon to take cognizance, was marked by
nnv feature calling for such Interference.
These people well understood tbe conditions
of tbe contract into which tbey bad entered,
as well as tbe nature of the service which
they were expected to perform; and, having
first obtained the consent of their Govern
ment, went voluntarily away. Tbe ship was
a large sized British merchantman, carrying
bnt little freight, and afforded the best of ac-
commooatious ior tne small company sent
out, numbering one hundred and fifty per
sons. It docs not appear but tbat sbc was
seaworthy, well watered and provisioned
leaving no ground whatever for being char
acterized as an attempt at introducing
tne coolie traue in tue onions sense usually
attached to it, in tbat Empire. It cannot be
expected that this class of emigrants will bo
carried as cabin passengers; and since the
conditions under wuicn tuey cmuarkeo were
as favorable in this case as can generally be
hoped for, to object to tbeir going abroad
under such circumstances, would be equiva
lent to preventing tbeir emigration altogeth
er: an end that our Government docs not
seem to have contemplated In sending out a
commissioner to promote this very object,
whatever may bo tbonght ot the expediency
of admitting tbcm in large numbers to this
country. The action of our Minister evident
ly tends to defeat this policy, whether it be a
wise or an nnwlsc one.
Uhivxusal Spitraoe. The New Tork
Xation. discussing tho record and prospects
of the Republican party, represented espe
cially by the lower House of the Fortieth
Congress, utters some things abont tbe
universal sntfrac-u mania that aro worth read-
In;; and tblnkinir. of. It says:
"Another circumstance which has had
an unfortunate influence on the House of
Representatives Is tbe inordinate importance
wbich tbe condition of public affairs has
caused the party to attach to universal suf
frage. The establishment of unirersal suf
frage became, after the war. not simply, a
leading feature in the reconstruction process.
uui n carainai political oocinne wim me
more advanced memucrs or tno party.
With this we have, of course, no fault to
find; bnt the agitation about universal suf
frage bas had tbc(not universal effect of
thrnwlmr a hntrt nrniind it. and leading irreflt
numbers of peoule to think of it and talk
or It as II It were a new means oi saivaiiuu
for all tbe nations of the earth, and as if to
advocate it was a sore means of hastening
tbe rcinn of righteousness as II It were a
perfect antidote against corruption, lawless
ness. Ignorance, vice, and all tbe moral and
political Ills which afflict humanity. The
resnlt bas been tbat candidates for office
bave, oflate, only bad to be sound" on
this queston to make all else In tbeir
character and attainment of little conse
quence It Is not very long since we read
an article in a religious paper, treating tbe
habitual drunkenness of Senator Tates, of
Illinois, as a trifling matter, in consideration
of tbe senator having recently delivered a
speech against color discrimination In tbe
distribution ot the irancnisc. ine quaiinca
tlon being an easy one, of course tbe coun
try swarms wun tnorongniy wonoress,
lond voiced advocates of "tbe rights of man."
and of course plenty of tbcm find their wayi
Into congress."
A CEXTEtAUiAX. Mr. David Makepeace,
of Norton, Mass. Is one hundred and one
years old. He still works on his farm, and
last July mowed on a wager against a gentle
man of eighty-seven years of age, beating
bim by about a rod.- He bas voted for every
President of tbe United States and Intends to
cast bis vote for Grant and Colfax at the
coming election. He voted forGen. Washing
ton at nls second term of oSce, and remem
bers many Incident connected with our war
of independence.
THB UNDERSIGNED HAS CON
ttantly on band and for sale
Meta, Navy and Pilot Brutf,
From the Celebrated Steam Bakery or
Campbell & Co.,
(Late NICHOLS & CO.) San Francisco, which
be offers for sale at tho lowest market rates.
TESTIMONIALS
We the undersigned, Snip-Masters, have
used Nichols A Cos Hard Bread for the pait
four years, and find ifsnperior to any we bare
had in San Francisco. For the put two sea
sons we have taken their Bread exclusively,
and do cheerfully recommend it aa the best
for long sea service that we hava used on this
coast,
(Signed)
Jas. ft. Hcsnsc, Master Bark Fanny.
N. B. Wilcox, Matter Bark Massachusetts,
W. N. B arses. Master Bark Eugenia,
L. N. Hibksdeex, Master Bark Helen Mar,
D. R. Fbaser, Master Ship Florida,
II. Coovt, Muter Bark Harrison,
A. Wbelsox, Master Bark John Howland,
and others.
Sax Fraxcisco, Nov. IT, 188S.
My owners bare been using Nichols A Co.'s
Hard Bread for the put three seuons and can
recommend it as being A No. 1 to keep on
board ship eighteen months also that it is as
crisp and good at the end of that time as when
first pat on board.
AnRArtAM W. Pierce,
Agent for Snift A Allen, N. B.
ALEX. J. CARTWRIGHT.
Honolulu, Oct. 1808. J-2m
B. F. EHLERS & GO.
HAVE ON HAND, AND OFFER
P0B SALE AT LOW BATES,
THE FOLLOWING ASSORTMENT OF
Fancy and Dry Goods,
VTAMELT A COMPLETE AND WELL
JL Selected Assortment of
Dress SITteB,
Fancy Merinos, Delaines, Cuhmeres, Cloth,
various styles of Prints, a variety of Table
Covers, Woolen and Silk Shawls, White and
Fancy Flannels, Perfumery, Silk and Lisle
Tbreadi Kid Gloves, Deer-skin Riding Gloves
for Ladies and Gentlemen, Linen and Thread
Laces, Cotton and Silk Trimmings, Velvets,
fine California Blankets, Berlin Wool, Hosiery,
Hals and Caps, Cotton, Linen and Linen Lawn
Handkerchiefs.
Artificial Flowers and Wreaths,
LATEST STYLES OF
Silk Sacks & Ladies' Cloaks,
Muslin and Embroidered Window Curtains
and various other articles.
WE ARE CONSTANTLT SUPPLIED
With New Goods in our Line,
From England, France, Germany and
the United States.
Orders from the other IhIiiixIh
37 carefully attended to. lm
JUST RECEIVED
From San Francisco
FEB STEAMEB "IDAHO."
JTEW CALIFORNIA CHEESE,
New California Bacon,
New California Hams,
New California Smoked Beef;
New California Codfish,
New California Maecaroni,
New California Verroscelli,
New California Potatoes,
New California Onions)
New California Oats,
New California Bran,
New California Oat Meal,
New California Rye Meal,
New California Buckwheat Flour,
New California Coarse Hominy,
New California Fine Hominy,
Cases French Mustard,
Casea French Olive Oil,
Cases French Green Peas Petit Pols,
Cases Green Corn, In lib tins,
Cjimcm Cain. Jrcen Apples,
FOR SALE LOW BT
37-4t H. T. McINTTRE A BUO.
COFFEE!
WE HAVE ON HAND n superior
let of KONA COFFEE, selected with
special care, ami now tiro years old. Very
desirable for Grocers, Families, Ships, or Ship
ment. For sale in quantities to suit by
SS-lm WALKER A ALLEN.
NOTICE I
MR. ALBERT JAEGER HAS BEEN AD
mitted a Partner into my Business, which
will be carried on by ns jointly under the firm
name and style of
II. V. EIIIaERS Ac CO.
B. F. EHLERS.
Honolulu, Sept, 25, 1808. 37-1 m
KEM HO,
Restaurant and Boarding House,
Corner of Hotel A. Haunakia fits.,
THE TABLES WILL BE SUPPLIED
with the best in the Market.
Ulciilx at all IIoniK.
Board Iter week. $3.00 and $4.00.
Single
Meals down stairs 12 cents.
38-3m
Tax Collector's Notice.
mAX-PAYEItS in the District of
JL HONOLULU, Island of Oahu, are here
by notified tbat the undersigned will com
mence the collection of Taxes for tba year
18S8, at bis office on Marine Street, (opposite
tbe Honolulu Iron Works) on Wednesday,
September 30, and in conformity with Section
03 of tbe Civil Code, all persona liable to
taxation In thir District are hereby required
to make immediate payment of the same.
Office open every Monday, Wednesday, and
Saturday, from A. M., to i P. M.
GEO. II. LUCE,
TAX-Collector, Honolulu.
Tax-Collector's Office, Sept, 28, 1 8118. 37-3t
For Molokai.
Tbe Schooner
KAMAILE,
Will run as a regular packet between Hono
lulu and Molokal. touching at Kaunakakai
and Pukoo. For freight or passage apply to
the Captain on board or .
38-3a H. PKENDKK9A8T, Agent
PACKET LINES.
GALLT0SXTA. eSMOX AX
STEAMSHIP COKPAirri
San FraKfscejfotlm
Tho Company's SpleadM Al SteaasUp
IDAHO & MONTANA,
WILL RUN REGULARLY BETWEEN
Honolulu and San Jtummoc,
By the following Sohedsl of Time:
SAN PRANC1SC0.
viraaraxs..
Wednesday,
Moot a.
Idaho,
Hon Una,
Idaho,
Montana,
IdahelSea
Montana,
Oct. I
Oct. S
Not. IS
rrldr ! r.
- Sot. ST
" Bee. 11
" J la. S
Jao.
" Tee.
" Max. 12
Dec
Dec 30
Jan. 30
Feb. 10
IIOSOL.TJL.T7.
AaUTAU.
Moodav,
I BIFAOTCIIS.
SaUnTj Oct. U
" Not. H
" Jc
" Dec ra
" JaawlS
Fab.
r.t. a
Montana,
Oct. n!
loano,
Montana,
Idaho.
Montana ISO
Idaho,
Montana.
Not.
.Nov.aji
Dec a
Jan. 11
Feb. I
FeUS
Liberal Advance Made em all
Shipment per Steamer.
Cargo for San Francisco will be received
at the Steamer's Warehouse, and receipts for
the tame given by tba undersigned. No
charge for storage or cartage. Fire risks in
Warehouse not taken by the, Company.
Insurance guaranteed at lower rates than by
sailing vessels. Particular earn taken of ship
ments of Fruit.
AH orders for Goods to bo purchased In San
Francisco, will be received and filled by reUrn
of Steamer.
3rShlpmentj from Europe and tbe United
States, intended for these Islands, will be re
ceived by tbe Company irt San Franebco, if
consigned to them, and be forwarded by tbeir
Steamers to Honolulu, Tnze or CUAaei, ex
cept actual outlay.
3L,Passengers at requested to tako their
tickets before 12 o'clock on tbe day ef sailing
and to procure their Passports. -
All bills against the Steamers mnit be pre
sented before two o'clock on tbe day of tail
ing, or tbey will' have to lay over tiH tbo re
turn of tho Steamer for settlement.
H. HACKFELD A CO.,
38-3m Agents.
Till! 8TEJurIR
HLIXj jA. TJ3E3 iSL,
WILL, LEAVE HOSOL.TJLU REGU-LAIUYX-
OS
Monday, Sept. 2Sth, Monday, October I(th,
Monday, October 5th, Monday, Nov. Ind,
Monday, October 12th, Monday, Nov. 9th,
Monday, October 19th,
At 41 r. x., precisely, touching at
Kalepolepo,
Makee's ltftniZlasTf
Kenlakckua,
Kallisa,
Kavralkae, and
Mahnkosaa.
ASD LIAVISO
Kealakekua, Wednesday, about noon,
Kailua, Wednesday evenings,
Ka walhae a Mahakona, Thursday evenings ,
Arriving back at Honolulu Saturday mornings.
38- WALKER A ALLEN, Agents.
For Bremen, Direct.
The A 1 Hawaiian Clipper Bark
R. C. WYLIE,
II. HATTEBaM!t!V, Master,
WILL HAVE DISPATCH for the above port.
For freight or passage, offering superior ac
commodations, apply to
38- H. HACKFELD A CO.
HAW AIT AS" PACKET LISE.
For San Francisco,
The following First-Class Ves-
leu will run regularly In the
Honolulu una:
C. MURRAY.
I.
CA.-UIJKaKGE,
CLAKA R. Mirriz.
Eor Freight or Passage, having Superior
Accommodations for Cabin and Steerage Pas
sengers, apply to
WALKER A ALLEN,
S8-3m Agents.
FOR NAWIL1W1LI.
the CLirrzs scnoojzR
Si HATTIE,
CAPTAIN NIKA.
Carrying the Hawaiian Jtail ei'llnl SMJjt
W1H Leave Honolulu Every Saturday-,
at Four o'clock r. x.. Returning, wLU leave
Nawiliwiii every Tuesday afternoon.
For Freight or Passage, apply to
38-3m 1). FOSTER A CO.
REGULAR PACKET FOR HILO.
the CLirrza scuooseb
ODD FELLOW.dk
CAPTAIS DAVIS,
Will run regularly as a Packet between Hono
lulu and Ullo. For freight or passage, apply
on board, or to CHUNG 1I00N,
38-3m Agent.
For Lafiaina am. Matee's imir.
The fine a launch clipper schooner
Baa lalailp
E. D. CRANE, Master.
' Will run regularly and punctually on tbe
anoTe route. or Irelgnt or passage apply
to the Master on board, or to
S8-3m C. BREWER Sc. CO.
For Hilo and KaMMfatti, Maww.
dSL Sch. Active,
Will ran as a regular packet to tbo abova
ports, touching at LAHAlNA. Fortnight or
passage apply to
WALKER A ALLEN.
38-3m Agent.
For HILO, PAliXAA art KJUVKI.
The ictoHtr
HAMLIN, Hatter.
Wfllrun regularly for tbe above port. For
freight or passage apply to
L. L TORBERT, Honolulu,
2-3m Or J. IL CONZV, Hilo.
For m arijtonei, U
& Sch. Annie,
Will ihhs tiUi- pawte a tka
ports. For frif hi or innate aaal to
38-Ja WALKKK 4 A LLKX , A gmU.
