Newspaper Page Text
4
VOLUME XIV.
MIDDLEBURY, VERMONT, TUESDAV MORNING, FEBRtfARY 5, 1850.
NUMBER 4t.
2
I)c ittiuMcbntn Ucgtstcr
tS rUOLUIIRD.GrCBT TUESDAY MOItNIKO, I1Y
J. II. BAHRETT & J. COBB.
OFFICE IN STEWAUt's HUII.IHNO, ON MAIX-ST
fF.KMS.
lly Mnll, or nt thc Oflicc, per onnum, $1,50
If not iuiiil within thc ycar 1,75
Jlv Carrlcr, 2,C0
it not pniu wituin 1110 ycnr, 2,23
K?"No papcr discontinucd until nrrcaragcs
nrc paid.
ttAll rommunicntions mut bc Tost 1'nld
t?"T, 11. Fnlmcr is ourngcnt in lSoston
nml New York.
Winter Evcning Heflections.
The following pocm 1ms bccn ntlrihutcd lo
thc lato J. 0. Q. Iiraiinml, nml is publishcd, wc
bclieve, ntnong li!) pocms, with llic cxccption
of thc last stsnza. A corrcspondent sends it
to us from Fiiltin county, Oliio, claiming it ns
having bccn wiittcn by Miss Abigail llnll, of
West Bloomfield, in Ibis Stntc, alterwards Mrs.
I)aij3on, Fulton county, Oliio. "It wasro
viscd by hcr," Iic snys, a short tlmo bcforc her
onllmely dcnth, antl publishcd in tbe lllinois
Cliampion, l'eoria, in 1835." Tbo changcs
irom the Iincs attributed to Brainard are con
sidcrablc, and somc of thcm aro manifcst iro
prorcracnts. l'crhaps some of.our litcrary
rcadcrs can give ns somc cxplanlhon of tbcse
conllicting claims to ttie poem. .K 3. Evt,
i'cif.
The dcad Icavos strew the forcst walks,
And withered are tbc pale wild flowcrs ;
Thc frost hangs glistcning on thc stalks,
Thc dcw-drops fall in frozcn showcrs.
Gonc are thc spring's green sprouting boivcrs,
Gonc summcr's rich und mantling Tinc,
And antumn's frcsh and ycllow flowcrs,
On hill and plain no longer shinc.
I beard a clear and vrlld-toncd note,
That rose and swollcd from yonder tree,
A gny bird wilh a racllow throat,
Therc perchcd and raised hcr song to me.
But wintercomcs and where is shot
Away whcre summcr wlnds s'.ill rove,
Where leaves ara frcsh, and cvcry trce
Is vocal with tbo song of love.
All mild bcneath a sumtr.cr sky,
And frcsh tho flowcr that blnshcs thcroj
Should nortbcrn breezcs rustlc by,
Too rude tbeir Uasts for blooms so fair,
No forest-trec stands nakcd thcre,
No Jtrcam bencalh tho icc is Ucnd,
No mounlain tp, with sleety hair,
Ilcnds o'cr tho snow its rcvercnd head.
Go ihen, with all thc birds, and scck
A happier climc, with livclicr flight,
l'rom sunnybowers the evcninggrccl,
And leavo mc loncly with thc nigbt.
ril gaze npon tbo cold north-light,
Behold whcre all its glorics shine ;
Sec that it all is fair and bright,
Kecl all its cold, but not rcpinc.
llepinc ! O no ! and nby should 1 1
Hoon that swcct bird and spring will come : .
If not to mc, bcyond tho sky,
Than thinc, I hope, a happier homc.
Case of Lientenant Randolph.
Every newspaper reader remcmbcrs
the folly of Liculenant Randolph, who
pulled the nose of General Jackson
uhile be was President of llie Unilcd
Hlntcs, (binking to makc bi.Ttsclf fn
mous, but who only succecdcd in be
coming infamous. Tliis gentloinan is a
relalive of llic late J 0)1 11 Randolph, of
Itoanokc.
Thc cause of liis animosity ajraiust
Genural Jackson, was the fact that llic
old Gcneral refused tn lake his parl
when he was acciised of bein;; a dcfault
er to the Unilcd Slates. On the olher
liand, bcing decply incenscd at some
part of I.ieul. Uandolph's coudnct, Gen.
Jackson ordercd hiin to be courl-mar-tialed,
on chargcs of dcfalcation. Hc
was found iiotguilty-, ve bclieve ; but,
as the rcsult was not satisfaclory to llie
licro of llie licrmitage, Iic revcrsed llie
ilecision, aiifl slrnck the nainc of Lieul.
Randolph from llic list of the navy. In
disiiant at the trcatmcm he lia'd rc
ceivcd, Lieut. Randolph urotc a ehe
inent letler tolhe President, denying his
power to remove him, but at oncc len--dcrtd
his conimission to .Mr. Mndison,
then llie late President of the Unilcd
Slates, from whoso hands he rcccived it,
Lieut. Randolph avowed lliat his inju
ries should not go unavrnged ; and, at
last, he adopted a despcrate stepto grat
ify his ihirst for veneeancc,
In llie ypar 1832, General Jackson
was invitcd to preside at the creclion of
a monumenl, to pcrpclunte the meinory
of " Martha, the inother of Washinz
ton," wliichhad becn given by Silas 12.
Burrows, of New York. The ceremonial
was to lake place near the city of Freil
ericksburg, Virginia.
The old soldier was on his wsy down
the Polomac, when the boat stoppcd 'at
Alexandna. A croivd of pcrsous rush.
cd on board to grcet him. Among oth
er, an individual, a stranger to the
General, in an undrcss naval uniform,
approached him, and was delibcrately
taking ofT his gloves, wlien the General,
courleously holding out his hand, re
4iiesled the stranger not to trouble him
aelf j but thc lalter, after remoring his
ylores, iustead of seizing llie tendered
hand, quickly snatchcd and clulclicd the
nose of the object ol his vengeance. A
dozen swords leaped from their scab
bards, and scveral persons tprung attho
stranger; but the General threw them
all aside. and rusliintr inwnnN ;).
nt, exclaimed ; "Stand off, stand o(T
ici me gei the scoundrel let no
body intcrfere." i the melee, hov
erer, Randolph was liurried off the boat.
Immcdiately aftcr Lieutenant Ran
dolph had complcted the desecralion he
meditated on the nose or tho President
and he pulled it so hard and so long
that it bled mosl profusely he delibe
rately walked ssliore, mingled with the
crowd, and no atlempt was mado In ar
rest him. Ile had simply commilled an
assault and batlerv: for the anniii nf n
President is not a wliit more sacred than
that wlncli prnaments tho face of any
otlier citizen.
The affair created a very great exciie
ment atthe time; the conduct of Ron
dolnh was denounced bv nll niriii-
and, instead of bettering his condition.
ne onij renaereu 11 tenioiu more des
perate and liopeless: From the year
1833, up to 1837, durini tho wholo of
wluch period Generil Jackson was in
posseision of the Prtaidency, he often
visilcd Washington, and no altcmpt was
niaue to arrest him. llisplacc offamily
resiileiicc was near t reucricksburc
Virginia, whcre, wilh ihc cxccption of
occasional visitsto the capilnl, hc livecl
111 coinparutivc soliltiile on a little larm
his only companion beine a licroic wife,
who, when cvcry body cUc scemcd to
havc dcscrlcd him, iinitcd hcr fortuncs
u nli his, and sonthcd his niisfoi tiiiics and
inorlilicatioiis b hpr ccntlc iiifluc.icc,
Thc mnnncrs of Licut. Randolph, like
thosc or all 1ns laniily, wcrc vcry ccccn
Iric. Iic kncw nothing of llic world,
and hcld biil little convcrsc with il. His
chicf ninuscmcnl was wnlkiug in Ihcsc
cludcd wood?, wilh a large staff in his
hand, and coniinnnins with himsrlf. Iic
always avoided socicly, and but fcw of
his ncarcst ncighbors havc known him
cvcti by f iglil. Slill, he is .1 mild and
amiablc gcntlcman, ihouoh scnsilircand
nuick to rcscnt an injiirv.
This bcinc his first opportunily to ask
for a rcstoration to liis rauk in thc Navy,
sincc 1832, hc has reccnlly opplicd to
General Tnylor and his wliig cabitiet to
be reinstalccl. liis nppcal is now under
cnnsidcration ; and it is said that it is
supportcd by Mr. Clay, Mr. Wcbslcr,
and by many ol thc more iiillucnlial
statcsmpn of thc Union. It is at the
same tiine, we are told, opposcd by cvc
ry protmncnt officcr in the navy, on the
ground that it would intcrfere with their
riglits and chances of prclcrmcnl.
Pius the Ninth.
The followitig characltT ofPope Pius
is from an arlicle in llie London Quarlcr-
ly Jievicw for October, 1619, headcd
" Romc," uritten ogainsl thc Republi
cans, against the Republic, and against
nll liberal or revolutioiiary princip.'cs.
TheRcpublicans are callcd dcmagogucs,
bandits, and as-assins , and Garibaldi,
who kept Oudinnt and the Frcnch army
so long out of Rome, is colltd a robber
and a plundercr is accuscd of plundcr
ing llie Ronians, undcr the mask of pat-
riotuin, of half a million of dollars:
and Alazzini, and all thc olhcr natriots.
comc in for a liberal sharc of vitupcra
lion and dcnuncialion. This wc men
lion, merclytoshow that llic characler
given of the Popc is drawn by one who
is on liis side ol Ihc queslion, and is, we
prestimc, mipartial, ccrlainly, if not jusl.
We had thounht thal Pius was a inucli
abler and a much bctler man than his
English partisan dcscribes him to bc.
Wlietlier Ihe porlrait is a good likcncss
or rml, e cannot say : but llic l one
might wcll say, wc think " Save mc
from my friendsl"
"No person who has fijurcd 111 those
days of folly and madncss has bccn more
misrepresciited than Pius IX. none,
we belicve, who cvcr playcd so conspic-
uoui a part, wasless remarkable for eni
inent quulilies of any sort. Ilardly
raispd abovc thc lowesl grades of medi
ocrity in talent or acquirctncnt, hc was
utlerly unpreparcd to meet Ihe difficul
lies of his posiiion. With a mystical
devolion, wilh a minutc and scrupulous
obscrvancc of forins, nud wilh irre
proachablc moral conduct, he has 110 el
evation of sentiment, nor any lofly con
ceplion of thc dulics of man. Ohsli
nale in Irifles and immovable to reason,
lie rcadilygivcsway bek'rc intumdation.
Soft and well-nieaning, he possesscn nei
ther scnsibility nor active bcnpvolcnce.
Selfish from want of imagination railipr
than I'rnm eiilculation, he is indiffcrent
to cvils he does not witncs, ihough in
capable of reMsting aa imporluuaie ap
peai. 111s goou nalure cciticurrcd witli
his vanity to give hiin a keen dcliht in
llie applauses of the moh. Ycl it was
ralhcr from his tiniidity that llic grealer
part of his popular concessions werc cx-
tortcd. Loviiii; trin'mir conversations.
talking of himself and his carly histnry
wilh an undigiuflcd prolixily, isnorant
ol business, iudolcnt and immcthndical,
I10 can with diliiculty he induccd lo
form a rcsolution : and infirm of nur-
pose in all that does not rcgard himself,
ne rcvoiics 111 tlie eveiuii" tl.o trrcvoca-
Itlc dccision of the same moriiing. Like
au leeuie persons, he is rrcquenlly falsc,
not becauso falsehood is conzenia'l to his
di.'pnsition, lint tecause his teinpcrament
snruiKs irom uie nvowal nt coiniclinu.
Nis weakncss is gralificd by couardly
and time-serving counsfls. Uncasv in
Ihe prespiicc of supenor men, he natu
rally prefers mediocrity. lncapablc of
tricndsliip, lie lalls easily undcr the do.
minion of low favoritcs, and is fond of
bcing cntertaincd wilh tales of gossip
and thc childish buffooncrics that de
light tho vulgar. Wilhout bp'mg at
tached to the pleasures of the lablo, he
is whimsically particLlar in all his tastes
and habils : such is his dcrotion to thcm
that neither business nor distress of mind
could wean him from thcm. In ihe
midst ofthedangcrs and diflicullics lliat
pressed round lum during the last few
wepks of liis stay in Rome, neilher
sleep nor appelite dcscrlcd him ; and so
dcficient is lie in scnsibility, that he ao
tually grew fat in liis hiimiliating reireal
at Gaeta, A princc ofsuch a characler
pould hardly fail at any time of exercis
ing a sinialer influcnce on tho dcslinies
of his country. Under the p'esent cir-
cumstances ol diliiculty, he has bccn the
ruin of Rome and Ihe l'enacv. and a
scourge to Europc."
Lady MlNrna in Califoiinm. A
young man from Maine, writing to his
C. 1 - r ! i P
inuitua iruiu wiiuuruia, says nis party
found, near the Sacramento. and almost
thirty miles from any other digging, two
iniciiigeni and beautilul young ladies,
with no other atlendant cxcept an old
lfreyheadcd negro, whotn thcy had cn
ticed to accompanv tlictn, and who is the
aervanl of the fat'hcr of one of thcm.
he cldcst of thcse girls is not twenly.
It eema their imagination had becomo
exclted by the gold stories which thcy
had heard, and they hid delcrmined to
try their hands al making a fortune.
1 he old negro was past work, and was
left 111 the camp during tho day to look
after the household afTairs, and keep
watch, whilo the girls pursued their mi
ning operations. When the party reaoh.
ed their camp, the old ilsrkey was alone
in it, but the girls came in during ihe
day, and reccived their visitors hospita-
bly. Tliej cxprcsscd no fcar of bcing
inolcslcd or robbcd, and said that they
should lcave for homc when they had
accumuiatcii J?lii,uuu ; they nau already
naihcred 87,000. Thpy wero from
Tlorida, and the youngcst ran away from
scliool tncnter upontlic cxpedilion.
DiscRi.MiNATiNn Patiios. The sym
pathics of thc passcngcrs 011 board ouc
ol our Lake stcamers wcrcrcccntly vcry
inucli excitcd for thc widoiv of a man
who had dicd on board, during n trip
from Dclroit to BufTalo. Iic had bccn a
slceragc passengcr, and lcfl nol only a
wife, but scveral childrc-n to mourn his
dcjinrturc. Povcrty secmcd to bavp
claimeil thc family ns ilsown, and atthc
ir.ercy ol llie world s cliaritics,. llicir
prospccts seemcd drcary cnough.
ihe snbject was agitalcd in thccabin
of thc boat, a collcction was startcd to
aid the forlnrn widow and hcr helplcss
uilants. 1 lie au 111 ainountpd toconsnN
crablc, and with cycs ovcrflowing wilh
tears of cnmmiscration, a cominiltecpro
cecdcd to bestow thc gift upnn thc poor
widow.
She wasscated upon a barrcl of white
fisli, knitting, whcre tho cnmniillce
found hcr, and shnwcdevidcncc of bcing
parlialiy rccnnciled lo tlie loss she had
stistaiucd. Thc moricy was paid over
llio widow dcpositcd it in a purse con-
tainiug a largc amount ofsilvcr and some
gold, and then, ns she rcsumcd her knit
ting, rcmarkcd wilh subducd fpcling:
"Waal I dunno as I ortcr crv much
hc was'nt rcally a blood relation I"
1 he Committee rctircd. JSufalo
uouricr.
Litkhauv BLUNDEn. When Godtvin
was employcd 111 writina thc lifc of
Chatham, hc applicd to inany of his nc
quaintaiices for suitable anecdotes and
suggcslions. Mr. Fawcctt supplicdhim
wilh a striking passage from aspeech
which Iic hnd heard Chatham dclivcr.
on general warranis: " Every man's
Iiuusr is callcd hiscasilc. Whyt Be
cause it is surroundcd by a inuat, or de-
lcnded by a wall I Io. It tnav bc. a
straw-built liut ; thc winds may whislle
around it; the rain may cnlcr it but
the King cannot." The point was nluin
cnough; but when hc came lo read the
printed voluine, he found it llms arrang
cd : " Every man's hnuse is callcd hTs
castlc. Wlij 1 Bccause it is surround
cd by a moat or defended by a wall
No. It may be a straiv-lniilt hut ; the
rain may culcr it ; all the winds of hcav
nu may whistln round il, but the King
cannot."
fjy The hearls of many passcrs by
were dpcplv allcctcd 111 Beavcr strccl
ycsterday allcrnoon, says the Albany
kvening Journal, by the sad smhl of a
little boy of cight or ninc ycars of age,
endcavoring lo sustain and lcad home a
drunkc:i woman doubtlcss his mothcr.
Hc was a tidy looking little fellow, who
wcpt and hid his face in sorrow and
shame, whilo struggling to hold up his
loiicring uuruen. 11c cvidcntly felt
kcenly tho dpgradalion of liis wrelchcd
parcnt, nnd slirunk from the gaze nf
those who met him, as if hc (poor child)
were ihc guilly party.
Report of the Temperance Central
Coramittee.
To Ihe Vermont Stnlc Temperance Socicly :
Tho aspcct of our causc to-dav. so far as
it rclatus lo our own Stale. is n'uilo tliflf-r-
cnt from what it was one ycnr npo. The
characler of Vermont has bccn nobly re
decmed. Tho frrcmcn havc snokcn wilh a
oLa to bc heard ; and by a innjority Ibal
would have fcctlleil any olhcr queslion for-
uer. Altcr tncA a dcfcat ol' an issuc so
plain as Ibis, no political party would h.nc
lliought lo riso again. An ordinnnr questioh
oncc answcred with such dislinct'ness, had
ucen answcreu iorevcr.
liut ibis is 110 oidinarv nues'.ion. It is n
subjcct of 110 common inlcrcst. 11 Ihorc
cver was n monslcr of ihousand heads, thc
cullins off of one of which onlv pavn
)irlh lo a mj riad of new oncs, llint luonstor
is jnlcnipcrancc. 11 seems almoit as irli'a!li
wcro iniposiihio lo it, and as il Uiero werc
no cnd lo his surpcnt forms. Intcmpcinncc
had indccd comc tn bo a sysk'in ol tolos.d
slnturc, old and vcncrated. Its power was
iikc lliat of somc vast system of idolatrv,
ndoptcil in thc infuncy of a nalion.inwrougfit
inlo nll thc forms of gove rnmenl, into nll
llie nrrangcmcnlsof every fainily circlc, inlo
all tbo thoughls and sympathics of tho pco
plc. Such n syktcm is no! cniilv brokcn un.
iiionarcus nate iouim uca-vio conqucr a
nalion, but hard lo clinnso tfieirsods. This
is what fuw have dared to allempt ; nnd what
fcHer s.till havo bccn nblo lo do. I'crlians
no tyslem of idolalrv was cvcr moro Ihor-
oughly incorporaled wilh thoestcrus nnd
habits of any peoplo than tho sj stem of stron
drink wilh tbe systcms and habits of lliis na
lion. Suruly no idolalrous sjslcm cvcr bad
a grcalcr numbcr and varicly of iuiagcs, and
slirincs, and leinples, and foslivo days, or n
moro univcrsul dovotion to it. or moro nbun-
Jant eacriliccs. It had nrown wilh our
row'.liand lren2thened with our Elroni.tli.
Thcro was not a lown in ll,o land. bnwevcr
small. williout a tcmplo and a pricst to ollici-
mu. iiumiy vuieii uiu noi tnaiuiain an
nllar, covcrcd with iJols deuii-johiu and
decanlcrs was suro to loso castc and be de
scrted. All public days, wilhout dislinclion.
wcro appoiriled times for pourin!? out obla.
tionsjandas if intempcrancc was tbo vcry
goddcss of libcrty, tbcso libalions wcio larg.
ost about tbe ballot box, and tho halls of lcg
islalion, and Iho bar ofjnstico. Childron
wcro inilialed ovcn in tho cradlo. Vorhip
was perfornied at cvcry social interviow, at
tho family mcetiug, tho marriago nnd tbo
burial. Tho victirus ofl'ercd in sacrifico an
nually wcro coinputed ut fifly thousand, and
not lcss than Gvo hundred thousand wcro
constantly tt a courso of proparalion for tho
tacrifice. Such was tho violenco of public
sentiment, that if any ono venturcd lo op
poso, bo was met by a cry loudor and longcr
ihan when all Kphcsus cricd for tbc spaco of
tlireo hours," Grcat is Diana of tho Jphc-
tiani.
Now Ihe wondcr is noi that inlcmncr&neo
has not bcen brouzht to an cnd in iha inaee
of twcnty ycars. Wo rathcr wondcr that
any thing should havo been dono towards
breaking Uownsuch a tyslcm astlus: that
any morlal should havo been bold cnoiuhto
mako Ibo altcmpt. Tho work could not harc
becn dono at onco. It was ncccssarv to nro.
cced lilllo by little. And thus in llio provi
dence of God it has bcen begun and carried
on.
Tho flnt (ten was ihe fonnslinn nf "Mnr.
al and Dcnorolent Socieliej." Tbe priuci
plo of those Sociclies was, that cvcry incm
ber pay a Ux of fifly centi for iiry gallon
purchased by him, Tho object of the ta
was to rcrtrnln Iho use. Il howovcr accom
pliscd nolbing in tho way of rcstrainl. But
thc orgnnizations iliil pnoil by cilling altcn
lion lo tbc cnormily of the cvil, and hy col
lccling facls and slatislics. This picparcil
tho way for n mcasurc more cdlcicnl.
Thc ncxt imporlant slcp was Iho plcilje of
tolal nbslincncu from nll llic ci! spirils pro
ccrding from tho worm of thc slill. This
was a bold slcp. Tho land was coimiljcd,
nnd IbotKinds wcrn rcady lo shouldcr mus
ketin dcfcuco of their gods. Tho cauo
mado progrcss. .It was soon d:siovcrcd,
bowcvcr, that thc spuils of dislillalion nud
fornioiilation wcrc all or llic same daik fiim
ily; lliat llio iliflVrenco bctwccn distillcd
nnd fcimcntcd linunrs was onlv llio dilfcr-
cnco hctwpcn Uacchus in fmtinn nnd Unc-
hus 111 riifflci. I ho nuonlion of A new
plcdgo was Ihc rcsult. And now for Ihe first
limo thc. grcat cxtcnt and power of Ihc sys
lcm bcgud lo nufold ilelf. Thc cry was
loud, tbc ballln ficrcc. Untlcmpcrancc had
lal.cn Iicr posiiion and was stronii in llic dc-
fcnccs of truth, Hcr fiicnds now bopcd Ibal
Iho victory was won.
soon, liowcvcr, 11 uccamc anparcnt llint
tho vilal power of intempcrancc was not
brokcn. Thc instilution as cl ftooil firmin
Iho grand ciladel oflbolaw. Hcr tcmplcs
rcmaincd ns bcforc iu nll their atlractivc
glory. Hcr mcrccnary pricsls ftill ininistcr
cd nt hcr nllars, nnd cinplovcd their bcst (1
forls lo pcrpeluate hcr worship. And wor-t
nf all. Ilicsc lcmnlcs wcrc rcarcd and tlc
lcnded by Iaw : ihcsc pricsls wcrcapnoinied
by Iaw, and consccrntcd by thc hands of tbc
ludcs. ibus llio "icgis " ol Iaw was both
for n glory and a defcncc. What now could
bo doncV In thcse cntrcnchmcnts mcrc
moral suasion had no power to crush tho cn-
cmy. As wcll altcmpt lo batlcr uonn Oib
rallcr with npnlcs. Kvcry nvcnuclo niosress
was closcd up, for tho encmy dcficil our at-
tacks aml stooil rcnuy 10 lake tnc spoil irom
our bands. Whilo wo addressed rcnsonaml
consciencc, thcy pandcrcd lo prcjndicc and
appelite. I'hosc whom wo rcctainicd thcy
scduccd back ngain.
And now came thc grcat eonflict to wrcst
from Ibis crucl ssiein ihc protcction of law.
Thc hislory of Ibis conllict is curious in tbc
oxtrenic. I.ikc Halnnk of pld, thcy go from
ono hill-top lo unothcr offcring their sacii
ficcs, nnd looking (or a propitious answcr.
Ilut "thcrc is no cnchantmcnt nzainst Israol."
Thcy plcad that thcy are Ihe truo fiicnds of
temperance, on llic pnnciplo ol sunsion,
which tcuuicrancc mcn havc dcscrlcd to llie
greal ilanrjeruf llie cause. Then thcy arc
llic Irue lricnils ol hncrly. reauy to sacnlicc
lifc inoppotilion to tboso nho would coercc
mcn iu ciiting nnddrinking. Tbtn thcy run
to Iho Coi.stilution of Ihc Unilcd Slates for
(helter. Thcy havc tricd llaltcry and tbrcat
cning, and ccn nppealcd lo jilicu nnd rc
ligion;nnd nll in vain. What ncxt lhc(
will do remains to bo sccn.
Jsotwiihslandinz all. tbe citadel has bccn
lakcn. Tbo law is turncd in our favor, nnd
tho h.vppy cfTectsof it bcgin to nppenr. We
must not howcver expcct too inucli at oncc,
or sink in discourngcnicnt becauso tbe cr.c
cmyis not nt onccdiiicn from liis hidin;
plnccs. Somcthing has bccn gaincd llie last
jcar. Tbo amount of liquors consmncd ha
bcen vaslly lets than ihcprcrious jcar.
Somc havc cludcd Ihe law and carried 011 11
clanilcstine tiafiic. This waslo be cxpectcd
Somc too, havc ilcficd Ihc law;in this we
urc not disappoinlcd. The Iaw has bcen
ineir glory and delcnce so long, il a hard lor
thcm lo bclieve it ougbt not to bc so slill.
Tho powci of Iho old system continucs to bc
felt.
I'hcro has bcen moro cncrgy and succcss
in prosccuting slolalions of tbc law. Ihc
friends of leinpcrniico aic putting 011 cour
ngp. anu beginning to act hko men. 1 licy
find it a lcss hopcless taskthan was supposcd
lo bring Ihcm to justicc. A ery grcat
change has laken place in this rcspect with-
111 mc usi two ycars. 111 one couniy, iho
jcarsngo. llio grand jury boldly rifuH'd
to notico prcscptmcnts undcr tbc tem
poraiicc law, and no bill coul l by any incniis
bo oblaincd, liowcvcr llagrant the. oll'cncc.
Sinco thal bills havc bccn found in scorcs of
inslunccs m lliat taiuo counlv. nnd now
-.enrcely a man darcs lo stand 11 trial. The
great majority plead guilly nml pay the pcn-
any.
Slill wc nrc nivarc Iho law is violated. and
lliat many havc hitbcrlo oscapcd punisl.mcnt.
In some cascs this resulls from tbc dilhcnlty
nf deleclion. This is spccially Iruo nlon'g
thc lincs of railroads, whcre liquor is keptin
shantics aud sold cxchiMvcIy lo liish labor
ers. In other cascs il hasrcsulled from trial-.
bcing delaycd, by variousarlifices, until wit
ncsscs nrc dead or out of icach. And il
should bc lemcmbcred lliat ibis class ofwit-
ncsscs are not lonir livcd. In lnorc cascs it
is Iho rcsult of Ibo defeclivc statc of public
sentiment, and of iiegl'gcncc or cowardice
011 tbe part of Iho friends of thc law.
II is manifcst that thu crcat labor now 1.-
lo briii!! up public scnlinicnt in rclalion Iu
law. 'c nro not 10 cease. our cfforls lo ;icr
suaile mcn lo lcinppi ancc. Tho pledo must
noiucgivcn up. llus 11 llio pasonl ol
teuipcraiicc. and mut bo prcscrvcd whilc
thc order lasts. Uiit the hcat of batllc now
is to giiu tho law, and sccuro it forcver on
the sido of temperance. Wc would not bv
this be unilcrslood lo mcan that cocrcion is
our rclinncc. I.nw is nothingmoro tlinn tho
cmbodimcnt of public tcnliincnt ; tbo oice
of thc peoplo rcduccd to Iho form of a slat
utc. Ivor is Ihcro in tho slalulc form of nul-
lic sentiment on this subjcct anything coer-
i-ivi'. exccpi u 00 upon a nino 01 uut.ine.s
nbicli has not ono s'uiL'lc considcration in iN
favor ; nnd which dcservcs clcrnal rcpro' j
lion for thc abominable frauds aud iniquiin
which aro inscparablc fiom il j and much
moro from Iho fact that it is nroicd bv n
thousand witncsscs to bo in nll its tcndcncio
and cll'ecls, rri, only evii., AND THAT
UU.MhVUAblA,
Hcro we sav lies Ihe tu" of wnr. and tbe
demand comes for Iho bcst tninds nnd llie
bcst hcarts in Iho land. Tho days ol'nov ci
ty. and cxcitin" itineraucv nro nast. and
wc musl now havo sobcr, carncst. cndurins
mcn to carry 011 Ibo conllict to victory. Tho
principlcs of temperance a-luiit ot' clcarcr
cxposilion and cnforccmcnt that tboy havc
yet rcccivtd. Couimuniiy nccds to bo moro
thoroughly nwakcd and guardcd. Tho na
turo and tffcct of liccnso laws is not fully
undcrnlood. Mcn nro yct bliudcd by rcver
cnco lor an old, vcnerated system, and do
not ico that liccnso laws aro all on Iho tidc
of intempcrancc, and that thcy actuallv ap
point agcnts and afford all lacilitics 16 sus
tain flii'i incrcaso it. They should be mado
lo lecl that laws probibiling Ihe salo of li-
auorsaro inmost perfcct harmony wilh frcc
om and jusiico ; that llicir cocrcion exlcnds
no furlher than to tho chainini; of Ihc o.
that is tconl to push At.'Ii tiik owmkhs
know it. incy just uissolvo Mng Alco
hol't Parliamcnland dismi;i his body guards
to leck an honesl llvclihood. Thcy lake a
way tho tcmplalions which tho old laws had
placcd at every cotner, and sbnt Iho len
thousand gales to hcll which thcso had ihrown
oiwn. -1 hcy also brcslc tho fctlcrs of ten
thousand slares, aml drr up innumorable
fountains of povorly and'crimc,
discaso and
il
tipaiu. 1 ncy rcsirain nolinng hut crimc,
distrcis and ruin ; and in placo of ihcso
bring hcalth, induslry, sobriely, virlue.goo.l
will, prospcrily and bappines. All Ihis ad
mits tha cloarest demonstration. Let Ibis
demonstration bo mado to Iho minds of all,
and ihe temperance law will bo firui as the
hills.
Our work is nnl done. We bave iuit
reachcd tke point whoro the conllict of grcat
principlcs of law nnd juilicc and mcrcy
ragcj. Ict no ono bo discouragcd becauso
llio uatllc is proiongci'. It is a grcat rclorm.
a war upon u system of grcnt age and
strcnglli, anu wlien llie work is lairly com
pleled, wc shall find to our amszcmcnt and
joy, that socicly is ronovalcd, nnd that hcr
vcry loumlntions havc liecn laid anew. llns
is not tho work of n dav. "Kvcry noblo
wotK is ni nrsi impossiuie. j-.iciy grcnt
work too has cost labor nnd time. " All
work of man," says Carljlc, "is ns thc
swimnicr's ; n vast occan Ibrcatcns lo dcvour
lum ', if ho front it not bravelv, il will kccn
ns woru. ou 11 is wnn uie norKOi icmper
nnce. Wo must slill prcparc for work,
Thcrc is work lo bc dono lo sccurc public
sontinient on llio rigbt sido and kcep it thcrc.
Work to bo dono to sccuro a full ixprctsion
01 it at mc ballot box. J,ct us go to it hko
cnrncst mcn, wasling nonc of our cncrgies
on unimportntit tliingx. Whcthcr it bo wcll
or not tlinl thc frccmcn of tbc Slalo should
hc callcd cvcry vcar lo dclcrimnc Ihc law
Ibis is not thu point about which wc nccd to
wnslo worils. I lat queslion will tnko care
of itsclf in ilue time. In ils nrescnt form it
opcrnlcs wcll by giving wnrning thal it is no
limc ycl 10 siccp. 1 nc law, as 11 slaiuls.
must bc sustaiucd, or Ibo I'bihstinps nrc unon
us. Onlv let somo Dcliluli charm us lo sleep.
1 ll .'!.- 1...,. ! -I .
iinii an 11111 uiiiicncs ui iiiicuipcrniicu wiu
opcn atrcsli. Wo havo no other defencc
'iut llie law, irom mc assaults or tho vcndcr.
Wcliavono other for a numorous class of
lorcignors who aro ibulv incrcasingin our
rilatc. Whatevcr Fiilhcr Mnthew might do
if howcre hcrc, wo certamly bave 110 pow
er to reach thcm with argumoiit. If Ihc law
appoint agcnls cf intempcrancc, thcse mcn
will surely drink dnd bo drunkcnjand uc
must lake carcof thcm, till molbcr carlli rc
ccives tbc trusl
A slnglc amcndmcnt in the prcscnt law
would rcndcr it far more cflicucious in ils
operations, nnd yuur commitlco think it
would bc wcll lo lake mcasurcs for ieciiring
it. Il is that of giving concurrcut jurisdic
lion to thc Juiliccs or this I'cacc. l'rosccu
lion in thc County Courts is ntlcudcd wilh
inany obstacles. Justico is loo lcng in ocr
taking oll'cnccs. A singlo ofliccr has it in
his power, if hc will, tomakc thc law n dcad
lclicr for n wholo couniy. Imporlant wit
ncsscs arc often oul of reach at Ihc limo of
trial. If jurisdiuion wcro gitcuto Justircs,
Iho grent majori'y cl'ca'es inisht bcdcsnalch-
cd wiOi far grc.ilcr iromplnut3. and far loss
cxpcnse ; whilo thu inb.ibitnuts of caeh towu
could bctler judgo of caeh pariiciilar oll'enee,
thc witncsscs would hc at hand, nnil nll llic
(.ircumslanccs licsli 111 reeollcclion. Wc
thcrcforo rccomniend that applicntion bc
made, by pctition or n'herwiic, to ihc ncxt
hcgislaturo to grnnt this amcndmciil.
Notnilbstanihng tho strong majoiity I.ist
March, wc are conlidcr.t tbc hope is cnter
taincd that it will bc rovcrscil this ycar.
Thcre are slronc motitcs lo impcl thc ado-
catcs of Liccne to a grcat ellbrt lor 1 fsi-.
1'liR gain to be derivcd is a powciful moliic.
Hut ibis is not all. Thcrc nrc a gient num
bcr of indictinciits which havc not bccn
tried, nnd Ihe hopu of tscapo depentls upon
leiar aml a cn.ingc 01 llic law. iicrc is a
motic which wili stiffcr 110 stono lo rcinain
unturncd. 1'bc fi icnds of temperance mut
lliercforc awnkc. Ono grcat object of this
meciing shoulil nc lo creatc a strong impres
sion Ibrongbout thc Slalc that llicrc is much
to bc donc, and 110 limo f'ordclny. Mcasurcs
should bc t.ikcn to sccurc mcctingtatan car
ly day in every county and town aml school
listnct 111 tnc Matc. II tlie scalcs shoulil bc
turned ngain, it would lake ycars of hard
labor to rcgain the coiifidcnce which will be
lost by it, Let it bo scen that Tempcrincc
is awakc and in Iho fictd, and wc have noth-
to fcar. Tho grcat niattcr is to securea
I'ew earnist mcn in caeh lown, who will flir
up the people, who will cmploy thc prcss
which wo aro hnppy lo ay has bccn icady
to len.l ils support the past vcar, and to scc
that all is donc which ought to bo donc. A
uniform plan of cfforts is not nccecarv lo
sueccs, peibaps is not dcbirablc. llarncsl,
wofkmg nitn wiu nnd out a way lor tlicm-
selves, and that is gcnerally thu bcst way.
I bo lulo movcmcnl in t ranklin couniy cic
scrvcs lo bo imitatcd. Wc want a dccidcd
and an atoncd purposc to carry out Ihc law.
It is truo we tlunk that our causc inakcs nc-
culiar claims, at thc prcsent time, upon tho
scrviccs of professional mcn of all classcs,
cspccially upon minislcrs of tl.o Gospcl. to
sct forlh Iho grcnt principlcs of mercy and
justicc embodicd 111 thc s'ntuta which pro
hibits tho salo of intoxicaling liquors.
In conclusion, wc con rnlulalc tbo bocie-
ty now convened for llicir nnnual meciing.
May candor, earncstncss, harmony and de
tcrmincd purposo chnractcrize all ourdclib
cralions. All which is rcspcclfully submitlcd.
JoSKPII Stkklk, l
ZlMlil llOWK,
IIaI'.vkv O. Hiqi.f.v, I Central
C. Kittrkpgi", I CommiUer.
J. PVKWMAN,
CllKSTKl! Srr.NCKII.
Windsor, Jan. 10, lbOO.
Trouble at the Michigan University.
We lcarn from the Dclroit Frccman,
thal this young Instilution has already
bccnmc eutanglcd in a difficulty, which
seriously endangers ils cxistence. The
causc, as usual, lies injhe high-handcd
acls of somo of its Professnrs. During
thc lalter part nf Deccmber last, the
Facully ezpcllcil twenty-two studcnts for
llie crime of belonging to Sccrcl Socic
lies! The Freeinan says :
On the following day iho town of
Ann Arbor was full of cxcitcinent. An
- i- ... .; 1. .
.uu.B..,.w.. r S -3 y ,
cilizens 111 uie cvtning, at 1110 oun
Ilcuse, and rcsolulions were adopted. I
condcmniug in the strongest terms Ihe iho Aorth ; 1 folloned ihc dictntis of iny
action of iho Facully, and rcqucalcd own judgment ; and I ran say in cll sin-tht-m
tn rcsign. It is admitled on all ccrity thal jiidgnicnt is now what ii was
hands that Ihe mcinbers expclled are the ,nn . , ,,...,
mnst rcspectablo class of studonls, in Sir, Ircgrct lliat Iho b,!l d.d not pw,
l , ,. 11... t and 1 bchevo tho counirv will ycl regret it.
aieni, scnoiarsi .p, anu ..cpomneiii. in , w lvji ii'necp.8.iry,ton.ake mysclf
face of these admilted facls, hcre 19 a I Sllcrince. in order 10 atuin thc great ob
law made which presumes such studcnts 'jecl of harmonizins this Union, and of
tiuwoiiny 01 a connccuoii wun uie cci-
lege, and dangcrous tn its gnrrrntnent
l here bemn no evidence against thc
characler of thcse sncirties, nothing
which provcs ll em hurtful to the stu
dcnts or tho college, there is na ground
of objeclion which can be urgcd against
them, cxccpt ihat lliey re secrct. If
thcso sncieties are injurious in their in-
lluencc and tPiidennes to the insiituticn,
lel the public know the facts; and ifnot,
let the law berepcaled. Such societies
cxist in all the respectable collcgei in
the country, and many Professors and
1'rosidcnts ot colleges are mcinbers ol
these socielies, which our University is
vaiuly trying to ciush. 1'his oannnt bo
done wilhout some better reason than pn
aihttrary eiiactmrnt."
The immcdiate cause of lliis oulbrcak
oalho part of llie Facully, va the pub
licaliou by llie Chi Fralernily of a
llit of itt membert llamilhn Journul.
SPEECH OF MR. PHELPS,
OF VETtMONT,
In Scnato of .tho United Statcs,
Jamuart 23, 1SS0.
Tho Scnalc hotlng rcsnmcd tho considcra
tion of thc molion toprintthe rcsolutions of llio
General Asscmbly of thc Statc of Vermont on
Ihe subjcct of Slavcry, which were somc time
sincc, presentcd by Mr. UriiAM
Mlt. l'llEhl'S. Aftcr thefew remnrks
which I innde ihc olhcr day, I enlcrtiiincd
ihc hope llint I should nnttiud inymlf un
dcr llic iiccesity nt prcscnt of parlicipn
ting uny furlher in tl c debale on this qucs
lion. liut, sir, nftcr whnt bns fullcn Irn n
thu olhcr side of this Chainber, 1 felt it
(Inc to inypclf, nnd iluc to thc Slato which
I in pnrt rcpresent, to olfcr somc furlher
reni.irk.i iu vindxation of ,ny cuurse and
their course.
Sir. I havc bcen callcd upon to face
thc iiiusic.'' I hnvn no dipos'tion, Alr.
I'rcsiileut. lonvoiil the "fncmir" of any
"music-," hut I must hc nllowcd to say
sir. that I think we havc some vcry bad
iiiusic " cn this lloor. I havc bccn cnl
lcd upon, sir, to im ct tho isue. I makc
noissue here which 1 11111 not prepnrcd to
tucct, aml ltiunt that iny consiilucnts will
innkc no issuc hcrc which 1 nin not pre
pnrcd to nicct. Nny, sir, I nm prepnrcd
In mcct tho upproaching issuc, prcgniint
ns it is with cousequcnccs to this country.
oir, it has bcen saul ny gciiileinrn on
the other sidc of this Chnmhcr that lliis
grcat issuc wni forceii upon thcm. It
lias not, howcver, bcen f'urccd upou
iheui by llic officioiisncss of nny piiriion
of this country ; it is au Issuc which lias
furccil itsclf upon us, nn issnc which has
come hcre iiumvited nnd uuuclconic
It prcsonts ilsell'ns ono of llint Irnin of
coiiscnucnccs wlncli innny 01 us lorcsaw
and rcsisted. It comes here ns thc conse-
quencc llic ncccssiiry cr.nscqiiencc of
11 I111111 ol mcasurcs whicn 1 lor one havc
rcsiBlud from thc outset It is onc of Ihc
I'rui'a ol that spirit of nggrandizcincut, nnd
conqucst, nnd niililary acquisitimi, w hich
sccni.s 10 havc infcctcd nnd infiitunted ev
ery republican Governuicnt. Sir, it is
onc of llie fruits of llie Mcxicnn wnr
iho fruits ofthat poliry which origiiiiiteil
iu the disposilion to extend Ihe urca nf
0111 power, but which cni ries in ils trii'ii
Ihnclcmciit which mny intlic cnd disolve
ibis Hcpablie. Sir, I nm not surpriscd nt
this issue. It is what 1 havc long antici
puted ; il is an issiio which wo cannot n
vonl; aud hcrc, sir, lies its diulctilty nml
its diiligcr it is u qiicstinli to Iih fctllcd ;
hut lo'cnctlk'd 110 man 011 tliifc lloor 110
cun iiiui' ipnlc.
sir, iu npproncliiii this iiucstioii, 1 nm
not forgclful of tho plcdgu which I gnve
llic Scuitic nu n fori'cr occiiion, lliat I
sli.iuld appronch it coolly, delibcrately,
aml wun ice.ings 01 concinalinri ; lliat 1
should upproach it wilh nnnrdcnt uttnch
ineiit tn thc Cuiistitntion nnd tn llic Union.
Sir, 1 slmll not bc divcrled frnin this do
teriniiintion, whnlcvcr mnv bc Ihe tcuor
or lciuper of thedibate. It is truo thcrc
mc many consideriitions, somo of llicni nf
grcnt iiingnitudc, prcssiug upou 1110 not
lo uepnrt 111 tne lenst Irom whnt I con-
Hidcr u cool, nnd dispnsiioiintp, nnd rn
tiounl eousidcrntiunuf ihis queslion.
sir, wc nrc nll nllachcil tu llic uninn;
no nll vuluc llie liarmouv nud stnbi'i'V nf
that Union ; nud no tnpic which tcuds lo
eiiilnngcrcither, (ihuuld.il) iny juilgtncnt
bc di cusscd hcre iu nngcr.
Sir, llicec nrufessions mnv hc douhtcd.
My nrofufcsions thc other day secni not to
havc carried with tlicm tlie mo-t inqilic
it coufldcncc 011 thc pnrt of same geulle-
otr, 11 prool wus wimiiug ol ihc
sinccrily nf my professions 011 lliis subjecl,
:. t . ... I. 1. 1 :.. 1.: . . r 1.
11 is 111 11-: iuuiiii in iiiu iiis-iy 111 iny 'IIU-
lic lifc. Thcro nrc incsagcn, Mr. Prcsi-
lcnt, in thnt life hcre which Sunators
ought not lo have forgoltcn.
It is but n fcw mnulhs sincc. in thc sit-
uutinn whcre I now staud, 1 ndvocnlrd
Ihe inciisurc nlluilcd to by thc hounriiblu
Scnalor from South Carolina, I ullude
to tho tcrrilorinl bill rcportcd by the sc-
ici comiiiiiiccroniinoiuy cnilcd tnc uiay
ton compriimisc. Thc bonorublo Scn
alor from South Carolina Iho other duy
pronounccd lliat bill satisfurlory to thc
Soulh. His c.ircskion was. lliat it vvns
"IVnined losavo llio lionorof thu Soulh."
1 s',ituiued thnibill ;und undir what cir-ciiiiistance-t
? Sir, 1 kn'W from thc out
sct thc posiiion 1 uns nhout to lake iu
conscntiu to bc n incmbcr of lliut coui
inittcc. I kncw lliat wasno euviablc, but
a pcriloiH pu.siiion. I k 111 w wcll tliediffi
cully ofieconciliiig Ihe v.xciled fccling.-i
of lifrercniseclions nf lliis enuulry; 1 was
not igunrnut of thc itauger ol'nny coiicps
sion wilh n ricw In poinpioiiiisc. 1 kuew,
sir, tho tcinpcr nf tbe people uf diflri ciu
seciions of lliis Uniini, and ibal cvcry con
ccsaion 011 cilbcr tide, howcver pniall,
would bc vicwed with exlrcnic jealousy.
Sir, I niight havc nvoidcd this pnsituni;
1 might have gonn further, aud wheu thc
bill was rcportcd I might iinve consullcd
my own popul.irity by goiug with my
friends of thc Noitb, nnd in following thc
crowd iu deiimmcing llio crcaiurc ot our
own crealiuu. Sir, it was not uiianticipu
tcd thut, in conscqucncc of my coursc up
on that bill, iny naine should be nssocia
tcd wilb terms of reproach ; that npprn
briuin, pcrsonalily, and, sir, I mny ndd,
pcrsonal insuluhould bo east upon mc.
Ilut. sir, I trusl I wns influcnccd liy high
cr nnd hcttcr motives ihnn the inero love
of populnrity. I hnd a iluiy lo pcrfurm
hcro; Idesircdto sce this troublesouio
and dnngrrous queatiun ectlled ; aud, in
tho disciiargo of lliat duly, I cnmo bo'd'y
to the vindication of thnt bill. whi'o it was
dcnnuueed by Ihc nlinoit unnnimoiis volcc
of )e Nur,h- nnu , , n(Ij , , ,
, Jt :, -nt. ,:r.,,v ,', -.,.
utnpv. 1 stood a'ono ofull iho neonln of
puitiug an enn iorevcr 10 inc qucsnon
which now agitates und alarms us. II
Ihat object could havo becn nttained by
tho sacrifico of my public prelenslons, I
would have considered the object vory
rliraply purchased. Sir, when gentlemcn
from olhcr sertlnns of this Union ; when
genllciiien from from Ihe South will place
theinsehes in thi gap lictuccn tho exci
Inl feclings ol" llicir constltuents aud thc
harmony of this Union i when they, ilis
regarding thc cxcitcinent nf the tunineni,
will broast Ihemsclvca to the storni of prp
ular prejudice, liaznrilinj their populari
ly and llicir good naine with nn rxcitcd
conslilucncy, proinlse thnso gcnilcinen 1
will ncver do them the iujimice 10 iloubt
Iho-sincerily of their nroleMloiia.
I willpursuo Ibis subjcct no furlher. My
object is to sntisfy ihc Scnate, that in what
I havo taid in relation tn ihe rallivalion of
hanr.onious spirit, whatevcr professions I
havcmadtjOf adliposition lohsimonizo iho
d.ifTirent sectiniis nf ibis Union and bcPIa
foretcr this troublt-somc questior, iny sin-'
cerity is provcil by thc courso 1 havc lutherto
laKen 111 my action on uns noor.
Sir, ono object I havo in addrcsing thc
Sonntn on thc prcscnt occasion is lo vndi
cnle ths rcsolulions presentcd hern from thc
Slalo which I in parl rcprescnti Tboso res
oluhons havo bccn tbc ohiect of no vcrv
conciliatory commcnt. Almost tho wliolc
calcsory of opprobrium has bccn bcstowcd
on thcm. Sir, Ibclicvolcnn vindicatc llifsO
jcsolutions bcfore tbo Senaip, nnd bcforo Iho
world. Thcy havc becn, sir, misconceived
hcrc, nnd most grooly mirepresenlcd clsc
whcre. Thcy havo bccn pronoi.nceil on this
lloor oflcnsiva. violcnt.'onnrobriniis. vitimcr-
alivc, unjust, insulling, Ircnsonabtc, and un
trtic. Sir. if thcrc is nnj thing lcft in llie
ralcgory of opprobrium not bcstowcd upou
thcm, it may wcll be regnrdcd as surph'jnge.
l.cl mp revcrt lolr.e resolutionstlicm-clvcs
I havu said that they havo bceq nilsconstrued.
Sir, if they have not becn most cgregiously
misconceived, I have not tho cnpacily to
judgc. Thcv arc drawn not. pcrhaps, as
skillfully ns tlicy ought lobc. Tho Inngunge
is pcrhaps not precisclv what olbcrs would
havc cmployed to cxprcss the same fcnli
mcnis. I will rcnd thcm. Thc liist rosolu.
lion nsscrls
" Thal slavcry is a cilme againslhiimanllv
aad a s,orc evll in ihc body nulin'c, Ibal was
cxcuseil by Ihe framcrs ol Ihc Fcdcral Con
stfiullon as acilmc cnlallcd upon Ihe counlry
by Ihclr predecessors, and toleratcd as a thing
01 incxuinuic nccessuy."
Tho olhcr day I look Iho libsrly of rc
marking lliat Ihe, sentiment here cxprcsscd
was tbc general icnliincnt of thc eivilizcd
world. In makir.g Ibis rcmark I rcally rc
tarded it as rathcr commonpl.tco. Il sccms,
howcver, to have bccn rrccivcdas ofl'cnsivc,
and was so considered probnbly bccausc llic
rcsolutions themsehcs wcrc considered to
eoiivry an offensive iinpulation. Sir, when
I made Ihc lcmark, I considered Ihat thcse
rcsolutions east nuimpiitalion on an) poilion
of this Union. I regnrdcd thc rcsolutions
ns mcrcly exprcssing an nbslracl epinion,
dircclly iniplicaliug nobody ; and, haring tliis
vicw of ilici'purport, I lcll nt libcrty to on
dorso them, allbough if I hnd regarded thc
rcsolution ns conlaining an offensiic imfiutn
lion on any portion ol Ibo Union I shunlii
probnbly have avoided tbe cxprcssioi'. IJut
thcso rcsolutions mcrcly cxpicss nu abstrnct
opinion. M'hat is it V That slavcry is a
erimc, or, if you pleasc, an oll'enee against
liumanity. 'Wliom does this iniplicato '! L'p
on wbom is rcnsuro cat V Upon Ihosa and
Ihoso only, who parlicipalc in llic oll'cncc
nnd aro responsible for tbc crimc, if thcre
bo n crime. If criminalitr isiinpiili.d tu any
one in partieular, it is by infcrencc, nnd b'v
infcrcncc nnly. What, sir, haic you anll
what have I beard from ourchildbooil on lliis
subjecl ? Wo bave all heard and felt Iho
forcc of the vindication of thc Soulh on this
subjcct. Originnling ns it may, the eonlin
uaiico nf ibis instilution has bccn vindicalcd
by genllcmen of thc South ; first, on !te
ground thal they arc nol rcspnnsibls for its
origin ; and, sccond, on Iho ground that its
existcnco bcing a mailer r,f incxornble nc
cessity, thcy urc rot rr-ponsiblr for thnt con
tinuancu. Sir. this Inngunge has becn uscil
cvcrywhere. I have not or.ly heard il, but
1 liavc useil uns inngunge rmscll nmong m
own conatitucnls, in cxcuse, if you pleasc, or , any other man who ever eialed 111 ihat
in vindicalion fifyou pleasc to use ihc lerm; quarlcr of ihe Union. But lliis an"iia"o.
of Ihe people of the Suulh for their partici- l,c considered as ihe .iii'-ua"e of Ihe
VTr Vfet'Z force .f l.iis argu- t"' r' "",eS.;
mcnt. hetitbcan on'enceifvou pleasc; !"" h-ib iit.nr become "fwinticsn
Ihoso who brought il inlo tbe countr) are rc-1 1 ransplantfd from Ihc .nil nf Virgmiii
sponsible, Ihojo who participate in il are re- l the free soil nf the North, thcse sen
sponsiblo fo iis continuancu ihen its nboii- j timenls, which at one time did honor Iu
lion ean bc made cotisistcnt with their safely. .the head nnd the heailof the nulhor,'
1 iinvu cicr icii me lorce 01 iii.s nrgunicnt. ;
Aml wlifir eftv llin rpcnlutinria t I hnv I
aiiu wiint sav uie rcsolutions t I licy tx
prcss thc opinion thnt thc instilution is nn
od'cnte against biimanity. Thcy piocecd
furlher lo furnish tho vindication which Ibo
Soulh havc alna)s uigcd for llieniscUcs, Ihe
fait th.it tho inslitulion was eulnilcd upon
Ihcm by Ihoso who had gonc bel'oie Ibcni,
nnd thnt its conliiiuancc wilh thcm risis up
on incxorablo nccessilv. Now, ?ir, havihg
this vicw of Ihc rcsolulions, lindiug they pre
sentcd, nt the same moment in which thcy
brnnded '.be institutinn ns n crimc, tho cxcnse
in cxculpalion of the South, I could not re
gard thc scntiinriit ns au imnuintioii upou
thcm. Il was with this vicw Ibal I hazardcd
thc remhrk which I ihcu con idcied und
now con-idcr rntbet as a common-place ono.
wilhout thc sligbtest idea it could give ol
l'enee lo any onc.
But, sir, does the asserlion need proof ?
Does Ihc opinion thnt thc instilution is in
cnmbtcnt with thc dictatcs of bumanily nccd
pioof?
Sir, what has bccn llic opinion, and what
is now thc opinion of tbc eivilizcd orld?
What has bccn tho langugc of thc nblesl
aud bcst menof Ihc Soulh ? What language
h.ivo thcy hold, and what has Ibc ciiilizcd
world at lurgc said and done on lliis subjeetV
Why, sir, if wc look nbroad wc find tbc opin
ion of tho eivilizcd nations of Kurope cx
pre.'scd by their ncls. Great Hrilain baspiil
nn cnd lo thc iinlilution ; 1'r.mc.c demolih.d
it nt r. singlo blow. Onc of th first acls of
Ihe Frcnch Ucpublic I speak of it as il is
existing now was the nbolilion of this in
stilution lolally, univercally, absolutcly, wilh
out rcscrvalion and wilhout qualificulion,
tbrougboul hcr dominion. Sir, Low did wc
fecl, and how did this Scnalo act in regard
to that mattcr? Havo gentlemcn forgottcn
Iho rcvolulions of congratulation, and sjm
pathy, and approbation which wcro trans
mittcd fiom this bodv to Franco immcdiate
ly aflcrhcr lato revolulion ? And haio gen
tlemcn forgoltcn tho rcmark which I thougkt
proper to mako on lliat occasion, when wc
wcro cxprr-sing our grntificalioH that, nmong
tho first acts of thc new Uoieinmont wilh
wliom we were eympalbizing and to whom
wo wero e xtcniling our eongralulalinns, was I
thc absolutu and uiuiuulificil cxcculion of a
mcasure about which iny liumblc ronslilu
cnts were not cven pcrmitlcd to tslk ? Yes,
bir, tbo ixe was put lo thc root of Ihe insli
tulion. It was done boldly, prrmplly, deci
ively i and yct, at thomonicnt when wc wero
Ihus expressing our s) mpalliics and cxlond- i
ing our eongratuianons, tr.c subjecl, wl.cn
prescr.lcd pcrc from a constitucricy rcprc
scnlcd on this floor, was laiil upon tho table
upon tho queslion of rcccptiou. Now, sir, 1
fitd 110 fault with Iha) dinpotilion of tha sub
jcct, to long as it is Wo'ight hcrc bv Ibo oili-
;. .. e t i . t i , .
ciijus lanaii'.isin ui propiu wnoiinil ocucr ICI
ii alone. So long 11s it is thc mero lopic of
dcmagogbrn tnd popular sentiment, I care
not, if il is presentcd hore in Ihat spirit, if
it is put under your lablo. But tho subjcct
nrcsenti itsclf now in a different sniril it
comus to us, as I have already rcmarkcd, un
inviled and unwclcomc. It is an intruder
upon us,bttl, aten Ihough it is on intruder,
it must bo reccived, for we rannnt cct rid of
it. Tho issuo is mado in rctpect to these
Terriloriei in reforence to this inilitut'on.
and it eannot bo evaded. It must bo lnet
and it must bc dcclded, for it h iinpossiMo lo
nvuiu 11. uiiui'r ineso circumsianccs u is
tho risht of every Slalo and of any Slate in
tliis Union to express its sciiliments upon
Ihis cngrossing subiect. M is Iho richt and
iluly, in this aspcct of the queslion, for every
wiam iu rAiin; liut uiny ll upilllDll al iu
.1 ,. r , 1 ' . 1
llie propriety of extendinnlhis inslitulion to
our rerrilories, but ils opinion of tho Insti-
.ui.wii iibvi..
, . .
But if I was not rigbt m the rcmark I
droppcd the pltier day with rerei-enec to tho
vicwi , nnd opininns of Iho civ.l.zed world-
with ihe cxccption pcrhaps of a sniall pnv
tlonof itln which tho (nsti(titioncxi.ls-ilI
am ln error, lel genllcmen point me to some
snot in (hc civpizcd tforld whcre tho inititu
lion dori not pcw txist, and nhcre that elv
illzcd people demand its introduction. Sin
who dcsircs it ? When nnd wherc, in whaf
portion of the globo do you find an carnest
wish cxpresse'l lor its introuuclion wncro 11
has not beretoforo cxislcd ? Whnt now M
Ihc sentiment ol tho people of all these Tcr
rilories ? What was thc scnlinicnt ol Orc
gtln, nnd what is thc sentiment of C'alifornia
She ba precntcd us hcre a constitulion. in
which Ihc people havc.illcmpted to prohibil
thc inslitution. But, sir, 1 nccd not go a
bread for malcrial Id vindieale my expics
sion ; I may appeal to the exprcfsod opiiuons
of thc ablcst and bcst mcn of llio Soulh
the ablcst nnd thc bcst mcn wliom this coun
lry has cvcr proiiuccd. What wcrc thc o
pinions of Wnshinglon, cf Mndieon, and of
.Icfl'crson ?
Sir, ncnllemcn seem to havcforrrollen
thc e.xprcssirc latiguage of these mcn,
whcn.thcy regard the expression of slm
ilar scntimcnls in these rcsolutions as of
fensive to the South. Sir, let tnc advcrt
lo some of the opinions of Thonias Jef-
ferson on this subjcct, aud let mc at thq
same time advert to Ihe course of Vir
ginia hcrsclf iu rclalion to thc introduc
iiou of this iiulituliuii. Mr. Jcffersoir
tclls us :
"Duringthe rcgnl Govcrumenl, wehad nt
onc llmc nbialned a law which fmposed sucha
duty on Ihc imniirtation of sdnvcs h' nmulinicd
ncarly to a prohibltion, when one Inconsl Jeiaie
As'einbly, placed under a pcculiarliy of clr
cumstanccs, lepealcd the law. This icpenl
met a joylul sanclion from thc ihen h'oVcrcisn.
aad nodevlces, 110 eipcdients uhh b could ev
erahcr be aitempted by sub-cnuenl Ascm
blies jnd thcy seldum met wilhout nll"inpt.
ing Ihcm coiihl Miccecd in geltinj, the ionl
issciit to a renewal nf ihc duiv. In ihe verv
llii scsslon hcld under ibs republican Clovcrn
nic-til, llie As-nmlily passed a law for lh. pr
rclual piohitiitinn of thc hnportaiion ufslavc
This willin mc rncnsuieatop thcincreac of
l Ii i - great poliiical and moral evil. white ihc
minds uf our ciliens may bc ripened f r n
coinplctc cnianclpaliun ol hiiman naluic.
D'jison i iryiiin, pp. n.
Sir, the scriliiiienls here exprtsscd nro
the sentimciils of this day of tho I'ree
Slates, and if an npology bp necc3rv'
011 their prt for their expression here, it
is to be lound 111 llic tacl that thc Nn
guage is that of a dislinguished slates
man anu palriot uf Ihc South. Mr.
Jefferson savs furlher :
"And c.vn the liWrlics ol a raiion be ihoiiahi
sccilre when e havcrcmoved ihcir mily fnm
naMs, a conviclion m llic mirds ol Ihe fcnple
ihiti ihcae libcrilcs are Ihc e'tti uf fiod 1 Tb.it
thcy aic nol lo be violaied lni wtih his rnlli T
IiiUccd I trcmlilelor iny ccui'irj wlnu I rtf.ee
ibal God is jii-; ; ihat iiis jnsiice ciniiui livc
Iorevcr." 6'ump, ;i. 300.
Whj tremble ! If slarrry bp 110 siu
and 110 crime, why tremble at thprellc:--tion
" lliat God is jtiat. " Sir, this l.in
fiiage, when il was ultcred, was the Inn
gtijge of ihe p itiiot nnd thc ta(esln.'ili.
It was the language of a man i.nre
prominent as a southern stniesninii thats
i,e now ,lpSenefated inlo 'fnnaticism.'
.... . ,v . ... J -
J Ii 1 3 probably is an rlliislratiou of what
ihe SciKilnr from Michigan f.Mr. Cas-1
calls Ihe prngrers of Ihe age of prog
rcss in moralily and in political etlncs.
Thc semimeuts thus ullered in ihe vcrv
heart of iht! country whcre this inMitii-
1 lion exisls ullered hy Mr. Jefferson
wilh llie ap, rubation lI his ( wn coun
try, his own people, and of llie world
when reppaied hy my huniblr consl.l
uency, iu less poinled and lcss vigorous
lerms, become "fanntidsm. "
What have we donc here I i'hatsorf
of brand has Congiess put upon ihn irts
stilulion ? Sir, at the vcry outsct of our
lcgislatioti, thc subjecl of ihc elaicttatiei
was laken up. As early as 1191, al
lliuugh ihc importaliou into this counlry
could not then be prohibiifd under thc
Coii.-lilution, laws werc passcd againsi
carrying on tl e forcign slave traile, wilh
llic severcsl penallips altochod tnthcir
violalion. As early as.May, 1600, an
oihcr act was pas?ed involving ihe fof
feilure of all vcssel? huilt aud equipped'
for the purposc, and all persons cmploy
ed iu thc business 011 board llio.-e sliips
were made liable tn a penalty of i2,0t)0
and itnprisoumcnt for two ycars. In
March, ItsDT, an act was passcd proliib
iling thc introduclion of tlaic inlo ihc
country after Ihc first nf J.uiiiary, IbOrs.
The law also protided that all tistcl-i
buili and equipped for lliai purpose thould
be forfcited, and Ihc penalty on the per
Mins pngaged in filting out such vcmpIs
was fixpd at a fine ol 620,000. The
penalty for the imporlation of thcslavrs
into the country was iniprisonmeiu Crr
not more than l?n nor lc.-s than fire
years, aud a fino nf not less than (10.000
nor less ihan 1,000. The act of lblS
wasasimilar one. In May, lt-iO, the
trafiic was prnnounced piracy, and pun
ishcd wiih death. Now, sir, Is thu traf
iic, w hich )ou dcnominaie piracy aml
punish with deatli, to be dpuominatpu'
a crimc or not ? The express. nn in thu
rcsolution assumes that it is a crimc, If
It is un crime, why pronouncc It piracy
aud punish it wilh death Sir, I am a-
ware that these pcnallics are dirccled
against thc slarc tradc, and that it is the
importation of slaves wluch has bcn
made the object of these slringenl and
sevcro. pr"hibitions j but is nnl the tn
slilulinn jtself a perprluation of iho ol
fencn against humanifyl It oiiginatrd
at the outset in what you deetn piracy,
and, however long it may conlinue, Il
partakes slill of the characler nf ils on'
gin. It is of ihe blood of its on 11 lin
eago. Sir, the nresent gcnrralion may not
ho rcs)onsinp (ot its origin it may bo
an evil which thcy cannot remedy Ilut .
sir, do these considcnli'.ns rcnilcr Iho
inslilulion less Opprcssivc, or innrecnu
aistent u ith the dictatcs nf ntimanity 1
This is not all, Mr. PresMenl. In
our Ireaty with Gieat Urilain, ratified iu
181:1, we Ftip'ulatcd toeniploy a force on
llie coasl of Africafor (he supprcssinu
'of this slate (rade. and furlher. llie nar.
tics (o lliai trenly cngaged to cxert their'
inlllimiO tlllTl nnllr-l.a clill nnlmill rf
n.iiviia siiii m;i iuiiiih i
the trafiic.
tlf)r lnarkot). It was thniight to be H13
b . f i.cou r aSini; ll.Vs (fisguslin-.
, n- ; 1 "V'h ii-t"uii
'"mc 10 c,ose ll'o markets. Iit rja
mY cnnnitflency now pfnposel 'I hef
proposc not to open new markrts in (cf
ritorics nhcre llio in UtulK it ih-es nm
