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TE N EANS1UI~ Y " DE110 CR A T. -- 6 OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA AND OF THE OITY F01 NEW ORLEANS. VOL. II--NO. 87. NEW ORLEANS, TUESDAY, MARCH 19, 1878. PRICE, FIVE CENTS. THE ONLY TORCH EVER INVENTED IN WHICH IS COMBINED Absolute Cle .nliess, POSITIVE IGNITION 9 SAFETY. GAS.IIIGHTING. TORC H. Pa} htentd July 24, 1871. Pasoatel wovemnmer s7, 1877. SIS ShIPLE, DURABLE, LIGHT AID OQIAIElTAL. Indispensable in Hotels, Stores, Of Slees Private Dwellings, Factories, Sand all Other Places where Gas is This article affords an Instantaneous and positively reliable means of lighting gas, and is superior to matches, the wax taper, alcohol or any other torch known. It is adapted to lighting gas burners of every variety, with or with out globe, shade, chimney or reflector, in any position as to height or angle. They are made at a convenient length to reach burners on chan dellers without the aid of steps, and each one is supplied with a key turnr for turning on or off the gas. Chfldren or servants can manipulate them with perfect facility and positive safety. They will not smoke the globes or fixtures, and no concussion takes place at the time of lighting. . 'No match is required to light this Torch; it produces its own ignition, and is always ready to light one or more gas jets. lt Unlike any other torch, it confines its own lighting material, and allows no grease, liquid or any other substance to drop from it on the carpet or furniture. In prirate dwellings, stores, factories, or otheL 'htees where large quantities of Inflammable materials are about, the immunity from danger of fire from its use is positt-e and complete. Printed directions will be found on the inside of each Torch. E. OFFNER & CO., 174 ..... CANAL STRiEET ..... 174 Sole Agents for New Orleans. TO THE PALAIS ROYAL, FORMERLY LEVY'S DOLLAR STORE, 137 CANAL STREET, iEWV ORLJEAN-S. ADMISSION FREE. CA.ALOGUES IFR.EE4. This Grand Establishment should be visited by every Stranger coming to New Orleans. Strangers will please not obstruct the sidewalk in front of the PALAIS BOYAL'S magnificent show windows, as the interior display of this mammoth 4b shment has been made to harmonize with the exterior show windows, and poulte ladies and gentlemen clerks have been purposely engaged to show visitors all the necessary attention. For the Carnival Buy your KID GLOVES at the Palais Royal; Evening Shades from 40 cents up. Grand display of FANS, fron 15 cents to $50 apiece. t PARASOLS, all prevailing styles, from 25 cents to $10. Novelties in French JEWELRY. Ladies' NECK WEAR. The CHEMICAL GEMS, set in Gold-the best connoisseurs can't distinguish thoem fkm the First Water Diamonds-begin at $2 50 a pair, GET A PAIR FOR THE CARNIVAL BALL OR ANY OTHER BALL. $ RUCHINGS, LACE GOODS, -AND A thousand other Novelties which ladies delight to buy. We echo the sentiments of the public when we say, TO THE PALAIS ROYAL, sad get a Catalogue to read at leisure, and if you can't call, send for one. It will be mailed to you free. Address E. ~LEVY, 137 CA~JAL STREET, NEW ORIANS. , FROM THE CAPITAL. STARTLING DEVELOPMENTS RELA TIVE TO MAIL CONFR MACTS-SENA TOR DOICCEY IMPLICATF D IN FRIAUDS ON THE GOVERNMENT. The Anderson Decision-Astonishment of the Republitean, and Anauzement and Dlssust of the Democrats-The Collee* torship. ISpecial to the Democrat.] WAsHINOTOx. March iRs-Startling develop ments have just been unearthed by the com mittee investigating mail contracts, Implicating Senator Dorsey with the ring of contractors in Arkansas. Texas and the Indian Territory In wholesale frauds. Full information cannot now be ascertained, and several erroneous ver sions of the story have been published today in the Northern and Western papers. Enough, however, has been semi-oiftoially given, out to show that Dorsey systematically ran the Washington ehd of the combination, though it seems that he kept up his partnership with the firm under the name of his brother, J. W. Dorsey. As the case stands now, unless some loophole is found for him to crawl out of, Dorsey is liable to indictment at once in the United States courts for conspiracy to defraud the government. The decision of the Supreme Court In tie Andersen Case causes much astonishment among the Re Dublicans, who did not expect such a sweeping decision in condonation of the crimes and frauds of the Returning Board, and would have been abundantly satisfied with sim ply remanding the ease for a new trial. The Democrats, excepting the few who have been actively. conspiring with Bates, John Sherman A Co. to save the Returning Board scoundrels from justice, are amazed and dis austed, and the general expression is that the whole matter has now been taken out of the pale of national interest and must be left to be fought out by the people of Louisiana them selves. The view taken of it here is that the Supreme Court has In effect decided that there is no law In Louisiana for the protection of the purity of 4 the ballot box against the crimes of scoundre a r who may be able to get their hands on the re turns at any stage of canvassing the votes. Hilarity prevails at the White House, how ever, and it is said to-night that a Collector will be nominated to-morrow after the OCbinet mee' ing. Packard seems to be the favorite again, although it is reported that Wells is on the way here to make another dead set in favor of the gang he represents. BUELL. ........- 44"*-- ..... CONG REALIONAL PROCEEDINGS. The senate. WASHINuTON. March 18.-As usual on Monday morning a large number of petitions and memo rials were presented in the morning hour, on them the fIollowing: B r,Ferrs: PFrom a one-legged and one arme, soldier itking an inarea e of penslon B1,Mr. Padoek: A meo rll agaist the re .o.Ltw5lIte Melo 1 l 1 ...... Legislature of Jirginia in favor of a pension to soldiers of the Mexican war. Mr. Thurman presented the resolutions of the Ohio Legislature for same; also, resolutions relating to the repeal of the resumption act. Mr. Edmunds, from the Judiciary Commit tee. reported adversely the House bill relative to the disabilities of women in the District of Columbia. He said the bill proposed to admit women to prac tice before the Supreme Court of the United States on certain conditions and qualifications. Under the present law the hu preme Court made its own rul s and had, as well as all other Fed. eral cour a, nower to admit women to practice before it. The committee thought, therefore, that instead of the bill being a relief for women. it was a resignation in their favor. The com mittee saw no good reason t> change the pres ent law, and asked that the bill be indefnlitely postponed. Mr. Hargeant asked that the bill be placed on the calendar. Mr. Windom, from the Committee on Appro priations, reported the House bill authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to employ term norary clerks, with sundry amendments. Placed on the calendar. Mr. McCreary asked what progress the Ju dciary Committee was making on the bill to repeal the bankrupt act. Mr. Edmunds said the committee was making progress, and he hoped that a report would soon be made. On motion of Mr. Thurman the Senate took up and, after amending, pas-ed the bill to pro hibit members of Congress from becoming se curities on certain bonds. On motion of Mr. Windom the fortifications bill was taken up and passed as it came from the House. The bill is the same as the fortifica tions bill of last year. On motion of Mr. AllFson the bill authorizing the Secretary of the IJntrior to make certain negotiations with the Ute Indians in the State of Colorado was taken up. Pending the consideration of the bill the morningh, ur expired, anrd the S8nate took up as unfinished business the House bill to author Ize the granting of an American register to a foreign built ship p.for the purpose of the Wood ruff scientific expedition around the world, which came over as unfinished business from Thursday. The substilute reported from the Committee on Commerce was rejected, and the bill was discusted till 2 o'clock, and then laid aside till to-morrow. Mr. Christiancy then addressed the Senate in support of the sinking fund bill, reported by the Judiciary Committee. He referred sarcas tically to the provisions of the Rallroad Com mittee's hill to enforce compliance with terms of the bill which were so cruel that if the rail road companies failed to ,omily. the govern ment had the right to declare the requirements inoperative, a provision equaled nowhere, ex cept in the instructions of Dogberry to the watch. That bill provided that the railroads should give their assent. If they refused their assent, and they would,unless the}ithought the bib bet ter tbanthe pre·ent law. the bill would be void. and the next Congress would find things as they now stand. He believed that the compan ios would assent and pay many millions to get rid of the clause in. former bills, that gave the government the right to alter, amend or repeal at any time. Referring to the acts of 1962 and 1864. he said that he should not, as the Senator from Ohio, ignore any of the imputations of that contract, for the two acts were a contract, between the government atnd the two railroad cmpanies, and especially the fundamental stipulation up on which all others rested, and without which the others could never have been enacted. Nor should he in his argument ignore the existence of the stipulative clause reserving to Congress the right to alter, amend or repeal at any time. This, he contended, meant nothing, or it meant exactly what the words expressed. It could not be construed to mean that Congress could only amend or alter with the assent of the road. He did not contend that the rights of vested property existed, as. for instance, land granted to roads could not be taken, either from the road or fr,m third parties, except through the intervention of the judiciary. He next proceeded to eite a large number of decisions in refutation of the position taken by Mr. Matthews inihis speech, and in support, f his view of the law and the construction to be put upon it. In conclusion. he said none but an able law yer could have presented so plausible a case on so weak a foundation, or could make it appear so much like law with so little in it. Mr. Morgan was recognized as the next speaker, but, on motion of Mr. Thurman. the Senate at 4 p. m. went into executive session. and when the doors Were opened again ad journwd. Under the call of.the States a number of bills were i.oduce. .referred, among others arob eans ais5 relatiag to tin nSouthern mail contract'trs. This Is the bill that was defeat' d on Friday. The forsrer bill went to the Committee on Pt staffices, but undur Mr. onrer's objec lon it wa» to-day sent to the Ccmr Ittee on Claims. By Mr. Elam, of Loulisana: A bill to pay cOer. tain Southorn mail contractors. Referred to same commit'ee. 1By Mr. Banning, of Ohio: A joint resolution for the payment of pensl, ns to soldiers of the Mexican war and their survivors: also, a joint resolution of the Leglisa'ue for the rnoatl of theresumtionl art, and asking Sauators and t liepreentoatives to ro'e for said rope I. By Mr. Willis, of Kentucky: A bill to estab lish a branch nmint r t Louisville. By Mr. E'swor h. of Michigan: A bill toamend the RIvised tlatues relative to na'lonal banks. By M r. SamDpson, f Iowa: Abill to amend the constitution of the Untied States so as to pro vlde for the election of President and Vice Pres. ident by adirtct vote of the peorle, without the Intertosltion of an electoral coll.ge, and at the same time to preserve the relative rights of the By Mr. Conger of Michigan: A bill to repeal so mu h of the sendry civil * propriation bill of KMarch s, 1877. as provides for the payment of Soutbern fail contract,,rs, By Mr. hleldher of Texas: A bill for the constrnetion of a mllitary Dpotway from Ban Antonio. Texas, to Lare o1, on the ino Grande. By Mr Cox. of New York: A j dint reulution for the erection of a monument over the grave of Thomas Jefferson. The Spesker an rounced the following Com mittee on Centenidal Memorials Messrs. Pat teeson of New Y,,r, Briags of New Hmpeshire, RIoe of Massaehusetst . Harner of Connectiout.. Ballou of lRhode Island Csark of New Jersey, Ward of Penr ylvania, William* of Del-ware*, Henry of Maryland. Bobell of Virgalns. 8 e, le of North Caro lina, Evans of South Carolina, and Smith of Georgia. Mr. Springer. of Illinois, moved to suspend the iules and pats a joint resolution ;providing for the deposit of fliver bu lion on the same term- as gold bullion is deposited. Mr. Ste h, ns. of Georgia, expressed the hope that the bill would not pass. The yeas anti nays were ordered and tellers were demanded on the ordering of the yeas and na s. The members voted very slowly, and at 2 o'ilo,,k the Speaker announced that the District of Columbia Committ ae was entitled to the, floor to the exclusion of all other business, and the committee was called for a report. The House was engaged al the -to t ot the af ternoon In the consideration of Disletrict of Co lumbia business. and at r, p. m. adjourned. UIRLAU uusInea5. anI Ra a p. m. aWJOUinet. Army Promeotions. WASHINaTON, March is.-Mr. M rsh, of Penn sylvania, introduced in the House to-day a bill relative o promotion of army offl -era. I pro vid s that prom, tion of commissioned o(ffiers shll b. lineal, through all grades ut to t nd in. eluding the grade of colotnli of cavalry. artil lery and infantry, and nt by re.l ,oeto ; pro vided, that in case of a volunta y trans er of an army officer from one arm of the service toanother. to a position below his lineal rank. he -ball thereafter be entitled to slch prom , tion as pertains to te poshiton thus accepted by aim. That sub,lte, n of cavalry, artillery and infantry. promoted from se.ond lieu'eu atn4 to first Ilieutenats. and from first Ifeuttn an's to capt ins. dturing each half year, shall he assigned on or before the next succeeding first day of January and July of each year. to such vacancies as may have occurred In the Kradea. to which they shall have beon promoted in their arms of service during that period, and in such manner as shall incur the least expense for transportation. Confirmations. WAsuawoTro, March 1.--The followlng nram inalors were confirmed in executive session by the Senate to. day: A. N. Beard, Collector of Onatoms at Boston; M. D. Ball. Collector or Customs at Alexand is, Va.; Ben J Simpson United 8 ates Marshal for Kansas; Chas. L C. (kadless, of Pennstlvania Justice of the bupreme Court of New Mexico. Mmmainttem. WASHINGTON, March is -The President sent to the Stenate to-day the following nominations: Geo. E. Bullock, of Indiana, to be United States Consul at Cologne, and Ada O. Sweet to be Pen sion Agent at Chicago. Senator Euatla' quarantlne Bill. WAsaHInTro, March 1.--The bill Introduced in the Senate to-day by denator Eustls pro poses to confer power upon any State exposed to the intr duction of epidemic. contagious or infectious diseases, to establish quarantine laws or regulations and to levy a tonnage tax upon vessels entering Its limits and subject to such quarantine laws and regulations, of slmfi cient amount to maintain and properly exe cute them. The Fishery Award. NEw Yonx, March 15.-The Telegram's Wash ington special says the subje, t of the fishery award continuq. to excite great interest there. There have been several alluslons of late to the secret history of the appointment of Hon. E. H. Kellogg as the American member of the Halifax commission, and it is stated by well informed Massachusetts men that E. H. Kellogg's ap pointment was brought abut mainly through the influence of Gen. S. Boutwell. who assured Mr. Fish and Gen. Grant that he was a proper person to succeed Hon. W, I. Clifford. who was first selected, and who died before the organ ization of the commisslon. The material facts in regard to the selection of Mr. Delfosse as third member of the com mission have not all been stated. Sir E-dwtrd Thornton 1-I authority for the statement that, although Mr. Fish obje ted to the selection of Mr. Delfoese, yet at a later day and while the appointment was still undetermined, Mr. Fish expressed a verystrong desire to have Mr. Del fosse appointed. Sir Edward had called upon Mr. Fish to discuss tete aDDpolntment of the third commissioner, supposing that Mr. Del fosse was out of the question, on account of the objection of our government; but, to his sur prise, Mr. Fish expressed his entire -atisfac tion with the apoointment of Mr. Delfosse. and indeed, gave Sir Edward Thorntonuto under stand that he preferred it. It would seem, therefore. that our government Is wholly precluded from finding any fault wit,, the selection of Mr. Delfosse, for when he was named by the Austrian Minister at London. It was the understanding of that functionary that both governments were suited thereby. The Deficlency BIll. WASHINGrTON, March 18.-The Senate Commit tee on Appr,,prations autho' ized Itenator Win dom to report the deficiency bill for the Treasury Department. The c mmittee amended the House bill by in creasing the appropriation for temporary clerks from $600ooo to $20 000. It also added an amendment to provide for 34 clerks in the Sur geon General's office, appropriating $11.902 therefor. Donating Bronze Guns. WAsHINOTON March 18.--Mr. Morse to-day introduced a bill authorizing the Secretary of War to donate to the city of Boston twenty 12-pounder bronze guns. for the purpose of or namenting the grounds in which stands the monument in honor of her deceased soldiers and sailors. The Pursuit of Redmond, the Seath Caro lina Brigand. WASHINGTON. March 18.-Commissioner Raum has received an autograph l8tter from Gov. Wade Hampton, proposing his active assistant, in the efforts Pow being made to capture the brigand Redmond, and has accepted the offer with thanks. It is probable that the days of this South Carolina Rob Roy are numbered, now that the State and United States forces are united for his capture. Seizures. WAsHINorTON, March 18.-The following is a list of seizures in the flifh district of North Carolina during the month of February: Thirty six illicit distilleries, 85.ooo gallons beer, m1 gal lons whisky, one horsbe and wagon and one two-horse wagon. The Pay of Army Ofcers. WArHINoTroN March 18. - Representative Bragg's bill to regulate and limit the pay and allowance of officers of the army, fixes the pay as follows: General. 12 000 a year; Lieutenant General. auseo: Major oeneral. $6000; Brga'iiler Gen-ral, sa000; Colonel. iseeo: L'eutenant Colonal, $o000: Major 5200. The bill provides forthe payment to each commisslonedofflcer below the rankof majior, innelning ebaplains and others having similar rank or pay. of 1 per cent of their uear ye yp ,for ea.-t of ears of ak ·M~ia.8 l~~~(~ the yearly pay of such grade, as provided by law, It further provides that at places shore there are no pbhlic quarters commutation thor~tor may be paid by the pay department to officers entitled to the same, at a rate nor exceeding C i e ar room pr month. The act to take effect and be In force from and after Juneno, 1878. s Spencer's ElIht Hour 11, SWAsIHtsoTOw, MarTh 18 -Senator Spencer in I troduced in the Son te to-day a bill providing that alght hours -hall constil ute a day's work for all laborers, mechanics or workingmen em ployed by the government or by any contractor Sl'or the goavernment, and makes it the duty of every government official makiln a contract to Snsist upon a stipulation to that effect No re duction in wages shall he made on account of I the present rules in the vicinity where such 4 lab ,rers, workman or mechanics are employed. Any laborer shall h've the right to sue and re- 4 Scover In any United Stateas court, any less 1 amount of wnaes any Contract or agreement to I the contrary notwithstandines. I slwerth's Natleal asshsk HllI. WAsHarxizI', M&aeh is.--Mr. Kllswwrtb Intro aneed in a he iouse to-day a bill amending see tlon e14s of the Rey.ied Statute. relating to as tionat banks, by adding a provisothst no share hl.Ider shall east, at any meeting for the eletion of directors, a greater vote than one-ihir d of the entire capital stock of the banking asso iations orianized nnr'er the provisions of thelaws of the United States. Proposeed erpeal of the Bankrupt Law. WASHINGTox. March 18.--The bill introdneed in the Hou e to-day by Renresntative Met oalfe, of Missouri, repeals the bankrupt acts and all laws and parts of laws amendatory theraeto, conluding with a provision reducing the fee' and ebarges of commissioners one half in cases now pending. a1 -----44C------ - -- e -- - THIE EASTERN QUESTION. 2 ENGLAND PROTESTS AGAINST TUE FORWARD MOVEMENT OF d THE REUJIA.A. And Their Advance Upon the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles. Loxnox. Marbh 19.-A protest of the British governm-nt against the forward wovements of the Russians and their advance against the - Bosvhnrus and Dardanelles has been forwarded II to St. Petersburg. 5 The British Fleet to be Kept at ConstanttI S nple-Greece and the Conference. LoNDoo. March 18.-In the House of Com. r ntns this afteranon i8r Stafford Northcote a Chancilor of the Exeherquer. announac-d thit *, the existing eircumstances ust tilfed the govern. ment in keeping the British flet at Constanti. d nople. He said that it was not true that Russia y had refused to admit Orec- to the conference. . A Russian Request for Permission to Em. a bark Troops at a Turkish Port Be* t fused-Russlan Reinforcemrents. 4 LoNDoN. March is.--A dispat'h from Con r stantlnople says the It istans have asked per h misl n to embark a portion of their t:oops at r Blyukere. and the Porte has refused to a,-ede. The Russians near Boulaci have been further reinforced. Russia Concentrating an Army on the S Austrian Frontier. Loinox. March 19.-A dispatch from Vienna says it is rumored that the ltrasaans are eon s. centiating an army on the Austrian frontier. [ Defeat of the TheIsala Insurgents. Iou."ow. March 19.-A diea eh fem Athens • s the Thrsailas have boen defeated at i Yale. . : ervia bjects to the Terms of Peace. e LoxDoN, March 19.-A dispatch from Vienna says: The Servian army under Lesokvats have created a demonstration against the terms of peace. GENERAL FOREIGN NEWS. ENGLAND. Further Decline In Consols, Loimox. March 18.-Consols have declined to 95. The opening quotation was 95d. Prospective increase of the Royal Family. LoNoow, March 18.-The Duchess of Edinburg is approaching her accouchmeut. bt. Patrick's Day in Ireland. LoNDoN. March 18-The demonstrations throughout Ireland yesterday, in honor of tit. Patrick. were very orderly, and no disturban. ces are reported. The Great six Days' Walking Match. LoNDON, March 18.- The great pedestrian competition commenced at Agricultural Hall, I lington, at 1 o'clock this morning. It is a six days' walk, for prizes amounting to upward of £750. Among those who started were: Dan O'Leary, the great American pedestrian. E. P. Weston, who i- iii. did not start. O'Leary Ahead. LoNDOi, March 18,-In the international pe destri.n contest at Agricultural Hall, O'Leary, at 1 o'cl ck this afternoon, was ahead of all the other contestants, having at that hour covered sixty-six and a halt miles. W. Crky. of L,'n don,. was second, with sixty-five mlles, and W. S~, ith, of Paisley, third, with sixty-one miles. O'Leary is in excellent condition. Progress of the Walklang Contest. LoNDON, March 18.-Large crowds have vis ited Agricultural Hall, at Islington t-,.day to w tness the ,ommeneement of the six days ne destrian conte-t. At 7 o'clock to-night the dis tances accomplished by the more advanced competitors were as follows: W. Corkey, of London 94 mile4; H. Brown, of Futham, 86 miles; W. Lewis, of Islington, 85 miles; James McLeavy, of Alexandria. 83 miles; Henry Vanghan, of Chester, 82 miles; Daniel O'Ieary, of United State- st mi.es: George Ide, of North Woolwich, and Johnson.eo miles each. t'orkey was walking gamely and making some fine bursts of spec d. O'l.eary, during the day. had kept on a trot and maintained the lead until the afternoon, when he took a long rest. Upon resuming the track he dropped the trot, and has sinte kept up a steady walk. He was in fine form and received muhe encouragement from the immense throng. The excitement to night is increasing and over s000 spectators are present. End of the First Day of the Walklng Match. Low~os, March 19.-A very large audience was present at Agricultural Hall. Islington, all last evening, to c itness the pedestrian contest. and great intere't was taken in the affair. At midnight the distances covered by the more ad vanced pedestrians were as follows: Corkey 113 miles. O'Le-ry 112 miles. Vaughan 101 miles, McLeavy and Brown 100 miles each. Corkey and O'Leary, after walking as above, took a rest. t he Weavers' Strike at Oldham Still On. LowDoN. March 18.-The strike and lock-out of the Oldham weavers has now lasted a month. Neither side seems inclined to yield. Between 5000 and 600ooo men are in the strike, and hun dreds of operatives in other departments are kept idle-in consequence of the stoppage of work by the weavers. Great distress prevails. Failure of Cotton Manufacturers. MANCHESTEn, Eng., March 18.--. Greeves & Co.. cotton manufacturers, have failed with lia bilities of $150.000. A Bankrupt Municipality. LONDON, March 19.-A dispatch from Bome says the municipality of Florence has 'uspend ed payment, being unable to obtain a loan. ROME. Cardinal Melloskey Banqueted. RoME, March 18.-The Irish order of Fran ciscans gave a grand banquet to Cardinal Mc Closak y yesterday. Many no'able persons were present. FRANCE. Armyr Changes-The aeshlgtatio of . Leon say Regarded lapprobable. Pais Meyt'lch 1&.-O0u. out bas beena porWn totthe somlll o 'd rn NOT GUILTY. Decision of the Supreme Court in the Anderson Case. A Forger Not Unllty of Any Crime against the State. No. 7072. The State of Louisiana vs. Thos. C. Anderson, appellant.-Appeal from the Si perior Criminal Court, parish of Orleans. The defendant having been convictedof the crime hereinafter set forth, was spntenced to two years' confinement in the Penitentiaryl, from which he has appealed. The offense charged in the informatioffelI that he did fal)ely and feionlously sutir les publish as true a certain altered, false, forms and countesteited public record, to wit: Tih returns from the parish of Vernon of Ma election held for presidential electors, in the State of Louislana, on the seventh day of No vember, 1876, as shown by the original retrnS of said electkion made by the supervisors of election for the parish of Vernon, knowing the same to be false, altered, forged and ooulntV. feited, with intent to injure and defraud, eti The case came up upon numerous bills oC exception and assignments of errors. We shall confine our examinationto such ofthem only as are necessary to the decision of the issue presented to us. The prosecution was commenced by an la formation filed by the District Attorney for the parish of Orleans, and it is objected onbe half of the prisoner that the filing of an rp formation is not allowable, because-Srst,, there has never been a preliminary examint tion of any specific charge against him, ad.d that he did not waive such examination, a .d has not had an opportunity of meeting thela witnesses against him and of cross-examibi n them; second, there has not been any findLaC by an examining officer that the cgeiee charged has been committed,, nor any adjudi cation by such officer that the prisoner wase' guilty thereof; third, the information flled,.! a flagrant violation of section 1010 Revised Statutes of 187j1. That section merely provides how prelin.,. inary examinations before committing ms~ trates shall be conducted, and is muchtl e same as the statute of other States upon that subject. The objections are not well founded. I has. never been supposed that a preliminary en amination by a committing magistrate wan an indispensable precursor to a proseevtkwm. either by indictment or information. One of the counsel for the prisoner argued orally ae very different objection, via: that as our orim inal mode of procedure was as at common law, and informations could not be filed with out leave of the Queen's Binch, whi tch an granted only on proper afdarvite, thmfwetmai an Information cannot be filed here unalema similar course is pursued. In England there are two classes of i-ferms ations-government informations and those, emanatingfrom private individuals. Thereis no local officer there whose duties were the same as those of district attorneys in tr. Statesof this country, oraoldtitor, astheyare called in some of them. That office is the eote ation of the American system. The Attoml p General of England filed informations on beN. half of the government ez officio but othe~ r were tiled at the instigation of private di.. viduais, and by counsel on their behalf, sad though the prosecution is in the name of the, sovereign, these individuals who provoked it were mulcted in costs if It failed. By the common law it was in the power" of any individual to file an information witoa, out disclosing to the court the grouneds on which it was exhibited. 1 Chitty Ordm. Law, 856. The frequent exercise of this' power by private individuals from motives of malice or private revenge provoked the stat ute 4 and 5 W. and M., by which private indi- , viduals were henceforth prohibited from filing informations without the consent of the King's Bench. There was a reason, therefore, for requiring in England an information to be supported by affidavits before permission to file it would be given, that does not exist here. No one can file an information here but the law officer. The publihe prosecutor, by whatever designation he may be known, is the only per son who can initiate a criminal proceedng in that way, and as he is acting under the sanc tion and responsibility of his ofice, the samne restrictions are not imposed upon him as were wisely imposed by the statute of William and Mary, which changed the common law on that subject. subject. If the Attorney General of England were now to offer to file an information in the Court of Queen's Bench, he would not be re quired to accompany It with affidavits; while, if offered by a private person, through his counsel (for he cannot do it in person), the court requires to be informed aliimue it there is reasonable ground for it. Chitty, C. L., 859. Nevertheless, our statute still re quires that the consent of the court shall first be obtained, and in practice (here at least) it is granted as a matter of course. Every constitution of this State has con tained the provision that prosecutions shall be by indictment or information. Our statute restricts the latter to offenses not capital, and requires the consent of the court to be first obtained; but that being done, and there is no mode prescribed for obtaining it, the pros ecution by information has never been doubted to he of equal validity under our law with that of indictment for any offense not capitaL It was very early held here that the amend ment to the Federal constitution, which re quires the intervention of a grand jury. relates only to crimes cognizable by the United States courts, and to criminal pro ceedings in those courts. (Territory vs. Hat tick, 2 Mart. 88.] And in 1869 a case was brought up wherein the Grand Jury had ignored a bill for manslaughter, and immediately there after, on the same day, the district attorney flied an information charging the defendant. with that offense. A motion to quash, on the ground that the Grand Jury had ignored the bill against the same party for the same of fense, was sustained by the lower court and the State appealed. Held, that the State. net barred frons proceeding byf tormtio notit tandins the Grand Jury had ignored T1~. B~~asL: ..;;r . ;Ab·' ,