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Vol. LXXV....N0. 23,084.
(< ?iMrltlil. mm.
By The TrllMinr |#BM laHon I
TUESDAY, JINK 1, 1015.
* *
PRTi'V f")W fWT '" (,'T?r ?w York. Newark. .\-r.,.
' ' 'rj V ?? ? EINKWIIrRK TWO < F.NTH.
Wilson Prepared to Act as Well as Speak;
Will Hold Kaiser to Strict Accountability
?LOOK AHEAD'
WILSON TELL?
THE COUNTR
Appeals to Nation i
Memorial Day Speec
at Arlington.
PEOPLES WILL
RULES LEADER
In Wide Common Couns
Lies Real Strength of
a Democracy.
SPEAKS TO VETERAN
President's Words Taken
Show He Looks to Nation foi
Guidance in Crisis.
? 1 -"-un* Hur-ftu ;
. May 31. President W
?t. ga\e up the whole of this aft?
n to honor the dead of both t
! War ar.d the Spanish-Americ
War in Arlington Cemetery. In 1
speech to the veterans at the ampl
theatre the President intimated ve
broadly tha* hi? inmt to fhe (ierm
, _.?.,_..... )B ^-oyifj f|n<| Hg inspit
? ? ? ? - ' ; ation'a "
"Duty for a ration is made op of
many complicated elements that '
man car. determine it," the Preside
said. "No group of men without wi
(ommon counsel can possibly dete
I what the duty of the day is. Th
?? the strength of a democracy, becau:
there the ?."-cat body i
a democriicy the expresi?n of an u:
trammelled opinion which seems to fi
.:.? ? ?ona of dut]
sn<; ? i ^tar.rl at 'he head <
t as their boundcn dui
: ? ? to < ipres! in their o*\
?hings that seem to rii
-?science and hope an
great body of the peopl
.a few moment? before Pr?sider
Wilson uttered these words loion'
John MeElroy, Department Commande
of the r,r;.'-.d Army of the Republii
had ?rooted enthusiasm by aasertin
thai '? 'ild only live to lone a
there uere Ami I ' ?ons to flg?
fer he- P"-?iHent Wilson also 111
Itnei to ng of Lincoln's Gel
tytl irg address.
After the eremc ies in the amrh.
theatre the Vr- aident drove to ths
part of Arlington ? emetery where th
Maine. Memorial Monument was un
>eiled. There he l'sttred to a speeel
by Secretary Ps".'.<'.!s and aftcrwan
held a short rece,
Firm Jaws and Stem I ook.
What Mr Wileon'a thoughti were a
he rode through the cemetery and sa-J
th* counties? (trav?s of men who ha<
r ? en their lives in defence of thi
ITnior ona can only imagine. Perhapi
there wa? an inkling of it in his firn
?'? Jawa. R^d the stern look on hii
?-o is no doubt that the Pr?s
H*iit was thinking gravely a? h?
looked a' those silent reminders o?
war aro listened to the eulogies 01
1 - the ground.
In tu ?r-eech to the veterans ?n tV
amphitheatre the President pointed tC
the one thing to look to
? rn'S"r daya were before
? had yet seen, and
i onaeioaaneea of tho?<=
no? eras that they rnust
<? their best endeavor to embody
I and said and were th?
heat ? th? 1'n.ited States
"I have not come here'to-day to de
live? an address," said President Wil
Nhu1 t'ierely reverent 1\ to take
port | the sentiment o)
?e dny. It is necessarily
s day of reminiscences. Remi"
s profitable exercise. It
c" ???? r gs to tho?e, aprropri
oi ly. who have left the
stage n< lif# and have nothing
to tl except the ttvngs that
f<re pon, ?nf] ,]^.lf).
- not behoove a nat'<Mi to
< . < . ? '? Oulder,
toi tantly in the j ears
and in the |? ? - ? ? I
? to the display of iti
? there are reminiscence*
I whole-om?.
e these reminiscences nre
? t rsnf.ed the rCCOlU '
' I eroism, da* s when great
round il po?v,r>le to express
l a? in them by tl e
? Cl ' of e\erv power that
em. .
I>a> of Stimulation,
?? gives dignity to ?
?*J like this It ia not a day of "regie?;
? h day of weakening memory;
>' la a day of stimulation. lt>.;, my
friands, these Stimplating memories
*e ?r? sometimes apt to minimize be
1 we do not see the full signitV
1 ? of them. We are constantly
1 sing of the great war of which
' ? to day as a ?ar which tared
On, and it did, indeed, save
the 1'inon, hut it W?a a war that did
? F'eat deal more than that. It
crf"'' country what had
B< r existed before a national con
? It was not the salvation
of the fnion; it was the rebirth of
the Union. It was' the time when
Continued on pn^e 6, column A
WILSON POINTS TO DUTY OF LEADERS I
Dutj for a Rattan is made up of so manv complicated elements
? that DO man ran determine It No group of mm without wide com |
, mon counsel cxn pottibly determine what the duty of the day is j
1 hat i* the strength of n democracy, beennte there daily rises In
the ((TCftI body o( a democracy thr expression of an untrammrllrd ;
opinion which seems to fill the air with its suggestions of duty, and !
those who stand at the hrad of affairs have it as thrir houndrn duty
; to endeavor to express in thrir own actions thosr things that scorn
; to riso out of the eonscience and hope ami purpose of the great body
j oflhe people themselves
It does not brhoore a nation to walk with its ryes over its
shoulder. Its bu< ess is constantly in the years that lie ahead of
it and in the present that challenges it to the display of its power.
The tolemn letton of these memories for us is not that wr
mutt he ready to save the Inion again, for there are none among j
? us who thr-aten its life, but that we must see to it that the imit\ i
! then realised, thf vision then seen, is exemplified i" US and the j
I things that we do
Greater days li^ before this nation than it has evrr seen vet.
and the solemn consciousness of those who hear office in this time is
that they must make their best endeavor to embody in what they do
and say the best things in the United States.
ZOUAVES OF '61. IN FADED UNIFORMS. WITH MAR WORM mi ORS PASSINT. RIVFRSID1 DR I VF RFVIFWINCl- STAND
TAFT UNIMPRESSED
BY GERMANY'S REPL
"Irresponsive and Inconclusive
His Comment on Attempted
Submarine Defence.
Nsw Haven, Conn.. May SI. T'
only comrner/. that former Preside!
Taft would mak? oi. the reply of fir
many to Presiden' Wilson's letter wai
"I think ? .?t ? i reply of the Ge
man Government il irresponsive an
inc inclusive."
? ? -
ZEPPELINS SCARE
LONDON SUBURB!
Reported Seen in Metropolita!
Districts and on Kentish
Coast.
London, June 1. The official pr?s
bureau issued the following announce
ment last r>'~ht :
"Zeppelins are reported to have beer
seen iiear Ramspate ion the Kentisl
coast, sixty seven miles east-southeas
of London and Rrentwood i seventeer
miles east-northeast of London' and ir
certain outlying; districts of London
Many fire? are reporte.i, hut these can
not hr absolutely connected with the
airship vi
"Kur f particulari will he i?sued as
toon as thc> can he collected and col?
lated."
Prior to gi\ "'s Oi'l the ahove com?
munication the Clc ?i Tress Bureau is
lUSd a notice m.ndinfr the new?pa
; pers that In II ?rtercst of puhlir
gaiety no ?tateme* i whatever should
be published <i a i? R with place in the
retth bor hood ol London reached bv
!
i't or lha Court? supposed to be
taken h\ them. U ?.'is added that ai.
Admiralty communication would pive
all the information Ahich mi^ht prop?
erly he published.
I "The Morning 1 i t" gives a recapit
? ulation of tie /iprelin activitv in
England daring th< last few months.
i railing attention i the fact that '.he
raiden hav< en rradoally getting
closer and close I i London, until a
week aro there em a visitor to Sou'h
Knd. The new?*>aner adds that there
I was a report that tHs airship reached
i as near London as l'im ford, which lies
Itwel.c miles to the northeast.
COLUMBIA JOINS
WITH SING SING
IN EDUCATION
Graduate Students to
Teach Convicts in Moral
Reclamation Plan.
Columbia University and Sing Sing
will work hand in hand from now on
to educate the prisoners and to start
them on the road of respectability and
".depend let. Under the leadership of
Profess II i llegas, head of the eie?
rn ntat. hing depnttment of Teach
ers Collet ind Extension Pean Kg
bert, the graduate student? of the uni?
versity will begin in a few weeks the
educational reclamation of the convict.
Plans for the work were drawn up
at the home of Mrs. John H. Flagler,
of (?reenwich, Conn., yesterday after?
noon by fifty of the foremost evperts
in prison reform in the United States.
Thomas Mott Oshorne, warden of Sing
Sing, has promised to adopt these plans
immediately.
The report was made by Pr. .lame?
C. Kgbert, dean of the extension and
the summer session departments of i o
lumbia University. For weeks Pro?
fessor Millegas has been at work on
these plans He was in touch with Pr.
Kgbert and Pe;in R?ssel, head of
Teachers I ollege, from whom he ?o
lieited suggestions. I'ean Kgbert also
hopes to send professors from his own
department to teach the prisoners e'e
mentary, high school and college sub?
jects.
Natiim-H ide Plan.
Hia plana go c\en further than Sing
Sing, for he oioposes that each prison
in the United States have an educa?
tional director, who will draw from
uithiii and without the prison tor the
teaching -tafT. whose duty it will be
to outline the nature ot the study and
the courses. The part the nniverail ? -
would play in this educational sys?
tem, according to Dr. Kgbert, would be
in supplvuig such directors and teach?
ers and giving cours* ? at 'he nnivi rsi
tiea which would train teachers to han?
dle the novel and difficult problem!
presented at the prisons.
"The prisoner who has served his
time under the old theory that pun
I Continued on !>??? ?. column 7
i
War Thrill Stirs City ?
to New Pride in G. A.R.
Crowds in All the Boroughs Watch Men of '61 with
Keener Appreciation than Ever, and Veterans
Cheer Call for Adequate Army and Navy.
It was a different sort of Mcmor
Day. Marching through the streets a
as^rrnhled in the cemeteries were t
fast thinning ranks of Civil War \t
crans, honoring the memory of the
comrade-. Along the lines of msr
were thousands of cheering spertatoi
again expressing by their presence ai
voices their reverence for these survi
or? of a great war.
But underlying the van?d patriot
observances of the dav was a new r
citenient. The atmosphere was su
charged with it. As the crowds li
tened to the martial music of tr
hands, gave their attention to oratoi
who painted the glories cf the dee<:
performed hy the boys in blue in t
or gazed upon those same 'itterin
"boys," a line of veterar ?. s the
marched past in reciew, old and youn
found themselves t.iik "\g of whst th
n*xt Memorial Pay might bring abou
A cloudlet .-.kv from ?h;'''i the su
shone warmly, taking the rly chil
from the air and a crisp te.-ze al
comhined to heighten the effect upoi
the people wherever the Ameiican flai
was unfurled. Tattered hattleflags o
New ^ ork regiments that receiv- <
many of their rerts and stains fron
haden hail gleamed in the sunlight.
Veterans Rally Again.
Mortality statistics prove that th<
ranks of the (?rand Army of th<
Republic have been severely depletes
since the last Memorial Pay, but, whil?
nctual heures cculd not be obtained
yesterday, it was certain there wer*
more veterans in line yesterday than
last >ear.
Those who might have stayed al
home because of advanced years in?
sisted upon being driven to the review?
ing stands. Wheel chairs and crutches
aided the other?. The more hardy vet?
erans who took their places in line felt
the thrill of the occasion .n their knees,
i if the lightness of their step and the
j aprightlincss of their whn!e bearing
meant anything.
The most outspoken expression of
, what was in the mind of every one wai
uttered by Henry B. Hreekinndge, As
sistant Secretary of War. at the memo
rial exercises of U. S. Grant Post yes
terday afternoon in the very shadow o
| Grant's Tomb, on Riverside Prive.
Peare-at-Anv-Price Cost.
I
"If Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses Crant
and the men of the drand Army ol
the Republic had been peace at-any
pnce men the nation would now be dis
rupted." he declared "If Patrick Men
ry, Ceorge Washington and Thoma?
Jeffer'-r.ii had been peace-at-any-pric*
men New York to-day would be s
provincial town and the United State?
a colony."
One hundred and twenty-five gray
, haired men, many of them having
: fought with (?rant at Viek?burg and
Richmond, thumped their canes on the
; sidewalk, clapped their white-gloved
! hands, dropped the<r caps in their ex
f citement and gave every evidence of
hearty agreement with the speaker.
"The military pohcj of the United
State?, if it can be dignified by that
term, is inadequate and the duty of
such citizens as you is to see that it
is reconstructed right speedily." the
second highest official in the United
States army declared. The veterans
went wild.
"Those who would ajot strengthen
the defences of the country tell us
i that preparation for war does not pre?
vent war,' he continued; "that the
building up of great armaments tempts
war; that the possession of the
means of striking is a tempta?
tion to -trike; that the influence
of America in the world should be
by moral force and not by brute force;
that war n terrible, and under no
circumstances should be resorted to.
"Those who stand for the strength?
ening of the national defence admit
that preparation for war does not pre?
vent war, hut insist that it does pre
?? vent certain dire consequences of not
being prepared."
The men of the U. S. Grant Post
voiced their hearty approval of the
statement.
"The disarmer has the facts against
him, but he is not a gentleman who
deal' in fact?," Mr. Rreckinndge said
"With individuals and nations the
true measure of greattess is the ca?
pacity for self-sacrifice. There i>
nothing to fear from the courage and
iteadfastness and capacity for self
1 Continue* en paye t, celumn S
NOTE AN INSULT
AND A QUIBBLE,
SAYSU.S.PRESS
Most Papers Urge Posi?
tive Action, While Others
Favor Discussion.
While the American press generally
condemns Germany's reply to the Lusi
tania nn.e, there is a difference of
opinion as to what course the United
States ought to pursue. Some news?
papers call for immediate action, with?
out further parleys. But others advo
cat" a tempori/.ing policy, that the
Kaiser's government may have an op
p rtunity to make explanation and pos
sihlv concessions.
Many editorials denounce the note ve?
hemently. "An insult" and "a quibble,"
it is called. It "avoids and ev .des" and
is a model of "German stupidity and
prevarication," other newspapers say.
Almost aii agree that the reply is
purely a "play for time." .Some of this
t .itorial comment follows:
PHILADELPHIA INQl'IRER The
reply is temporizing in nature. It is a
play 'or tine, a studied effort to in?
volve this coutrv in a meaningless and
long-drawn-"u' discussion far afield
from the re.il point of issue. To put
it plainly, Germany is trifling with the
Cmt^d BtotOl
PHILADELPHIA PRF.F? It is clear
that the maintenance of friendly rela?
tions with the German government, in
the light of the a'Vitude which it has
rim-, n to take, is going to be very
diftiru't.
BOSTON' HEBALD The reply of the
imperial German government avoids
and evades the main issue. The sooner
the President make? clear that we have
\??> tune to was'e in the ascertainment
r irhat our rights are the better it
will be all around.
BOSTON ADVEBTI8EE The note
i? a dalibornta and araasing insult.
Through the mixture of quibble*, cv?.
liona and untruths, however, there runs
tins plain message: For the slaughter
of tha helploM men. women ;ind chil?
dren Germany will offer no reparation
whatever.
PITTSBURGH GAZETTE - TIMES
The lives and right? of American citi
Con Lnuad on paft t, co liana a
KAISER NOT CERTAIN
OF LUSITANIA'S GUNS
Washington. May 31.?The of?
ficial text of the German note on
! which the action of'the United
1 j States will be based was deci
i pher cd to-day. It differs in
! phraseology from the unofficial
j text sent in press dispatches last
night, but in no essentials.
One difference in language,
i however, Which attracted atten?
tion was that which said the
,| Lusitania undoubtedly had guns
! on board which were mounted
I under decks or masked. The
word "undoubtedly" was omitted
j in the unofficial text. This was
! taken to mean that Germany
I was not altogether certain of the
authenticity of its information.
1 ???
Bernstorff Conference Wednesday
Not Expected to Change
Presidents Course.
WISHES NATION'S GUIDANCE
_
?????????
Speech at Arlington Taken to Show He
Is Anxious to Voice the Real
i '
Conscience of America.
Washington, May 31.?President Wilson intends to shape
the course of the United States government in the international
crisis which has arisen so as tc* leave no doubt abroad of the coun
J try's purpose not only to speak but, if necessary, to act, for the
cause of humanity.
Two things were practically determined on by the President
to-day in the solemn atmosphere with which Memorial Day envel?
oped the national capital.
The first is that Germany's avoidance of the larger questions
of humanity and the spirit of international law by a technical argu?
ment on a hitherto undisputed point in the statutes of nations?the
requirement for visit and search by war craft when encountering
merchantmen, whether carrying contraband or not?must be m*t
promptly. The reply will be a note again setting forth briefly
the facts as found by investigation of officials here as to the cargo
and peaceful equipment of the Lusitania, and reiterating the earnest
intention of the United States to hold the German government to a
"strict accountability" for all violations of American rights on the
high seas.
CONGRESS NAY
BE CALLED IN
EXTRA SESSION
Legislators Believe It
Would Follow Any
Break with Germany.
(From Th* IrflMSM 1 urffj ]
Washington, May SI. An extra ses?
sion of Congress, to provide the means
necessary to prepare the country for.
any eventualities, will be a necessity
if diplomatic relations' are broken off,
with Germany, is the opinion of a ?core
of Senators and Representatives who
were informally discussing the situa?
tion to-day. The view taken by these
men is that the I'nited States is not
now prepared for war, and it would be
the best possible course, in view of the
ternta in cich the German note was
couched, to get as nuch start as pos?
sible in its preparations for anything
that might happen.
"As certain as the night follows the
day," said one Pemoeratic Representa?
tive, "the breaking off of diplomatic
relation: will result in war within a
few months following the severance."
This was the general opinion among
the national lawmakers, the theory
being that if the German government
refused to comply with the demands ;
in President Wilson's note, particular?
ly regarding the submarine blockade,
this government's first step would be
to recall Ambassador Gerard and give
' Count von BernstorrT his passports.
It is not thought this will occur im?
mediately, but possibly after the ex
? change of one or twj more notes be
I tween President Wilson and the tier
man gj\ernment. Then, It is said, with
the tinal refusal of Germany to comply
with the humanitarian demands of the
Lnited States, the only possible step
! short of war would be the severance of
| diplom 'tic relations.
Would Stir German Hatred.
The effect of this on Germany prob?
ably would be, legislators think, to
arouse the most intense hatred for the
i United States, each new country hav
! ing entered into hostilities being more
bitterly hated that, the countries al
r^dy in. This hatred, it is thought,
? would result in outrages which would.
, force this country to take the only
' remaining st.p an actual declaration
of war.
German submarine commanders, it is
pointed out, would not vsorry \eiy
much, one? diplomatic relations were
severed, about torpedoing a ship flying
the American flag or a belligerent mer?
chantman carrying American pa
gers. "ne or two such occurrences,
following the severing of diplomatic
' relations, probably would so arouse the
temper of the people that the clamor
would rival that which followed the
blowing up of the Maine, ami which
forced President McKinley into war.
Taking this view of the case, believ?
ing that President Wilson w.li stand
I firmly by what he said in hm note of
May 13, and believing iust as firmly
that Germany does not intend to COM
ply with his demands, members of Con
I gress .old that this cour.try should be
: put in a state of preparedness ."or
j war wiih all possible speed.
A minority of the legislators are hope?
ful that Germany will realize the just?
ness of the demands of this govern
The lives and rights of American cti
ment and gain ?otre inking of the tem?
per of the American people, but the
majority do not believe thij will be
the caso.
Only the Presidert has the power to
j call Congress into extraordinary ses?
sion, and he must give thirty days' no
I i "Btlourd on page 4, column I
Count von Rernstorff, the German
Ambassador, has been granted an In?
terview with the President for Wodnes
day noon, but unless he brings sonv
proposal from his government answer
irg the demands of the United State
differently from the note just roosiw
from L'r. von Jagow, the German For?
eign Minister a arc imstance whic'
is doubted in well informed quarters
the President's course, as framed by
him in consultation with his Cabine-,
to-morrow, will not be materially af?
fected.
Determined About Mexico.
The second decision is that, not?
withstanding th? eritieal situation with
Germany, there shall be issued to?
morrow the statement which has beer
in preparation for several days to be
communicated '<> the leaders of all
factions in Mexico, serving notice that
unless they taeanseives bring to an
early en.I the deplorable condition?
which their warfare has wrought, some
nth. i means will be found by the
United States, in the interest of hu?
manity, to save the millions of non
combatant Mexicans trosj the thro.'F
of starvation and further devastation A
of property. II
To-morrow the President will lay be- *
fore the Cabinet both questions, The
effect of the warning to Mexico, the
President hope-, will be the eoalition
within the next ? ?' the best
elements in I to
form a provisional government
which the l ! ue,i Stati ? ;?? i statt
countries can accord early recognition.
The ten>e situation produced bv the
receipt of an unyielding reply from
Germany to the request of the 1'nited
States for reparation lor the lrtV
American lives lost in th- sinking of
the l.usitania and guarantees ?i.'''
the destruction of American lues or
property in the future o'crshadowed
the Mexican problem as well as all
ocher governmental setivitios to-day.
Wilson Seeks Solitude.
The President, upon whom re-ts the
burden of deciding the government's
foreign policy in the absence of (or.
tOUght solitude during the earl/
hours of the da;., as he did in the tr\
ing days immediately aftei the linking
of the Lositania. lie read the new
paper te\t of the note, the editorial
comments, scores of HSOSSagl ?. anil Wtttt
motoring his t roritc diversion wheri
lirbod application to
probier
The official text of 'he German note,
differing only m phra tn^
pre>s '. the White
H noon, Hs the Pre?i
dont -I a I tod toi A ? ? v to
attend the memorial ? tho
Grand Army of the Republic and the
dedication of the Maine Memorial.
For several hou dent was
in the beautiful eit| of the nation's
dead on the green heights of the Po?
tomac. There, in an a'mosphere of
reverence, the prayers of the chap?
lains and the orations of I'abinet offi?
cers, war veterana tnd others, al?
though phrased in generalities, ro?stt
eil tl i gra ? enal crisis now
confronting the L'i I'.dges
of fealty to the Pi ; the
? , to uphold it^ honor. Rod i*.
necessary to Itghi had be?
fore in ;i< hi tory; prayers for pea.?
and ex| ?? hope that the
influence of the United S'a'es might
yet hr ng peace to Europe through its
example of paticp'. restrs those
occupied the thoughts of the PrestdsMt
mOSt of the af,i I >oon.
Would >peak for People.
Hi? own speech, draw r g a'entioB
to the desire or those .. ? des?
tinies of the I nitl 'ibody
in their acts the expression of "the
moled opinion" of the people
of Amerea, was interpreted by man/
of his heaters a . tha: Mr.
Wilson i; sn ?ous that Ins course in
the internal "tal situ?t on be guided
by the real wishes of . \ .ans.
While the Matine Hand played be?
tween ?he speeches Mr. Wilaoi -?etihed
! some short hand notes on his pro
! gramme suggestions, ,-ved, .
' which occurred to him !'>>r the forth
! coming note to Germany. On returti
:.j Arlington lie remained in his
1rs reading t?ie official
? e German note, lie dined
with hi daughter. Usa Margaret WW
ind his cou-in, Miss Helen Wooe>
,,,< Bo After a .-hoit n.ie to-night
he returned to hts work, mapping plans
for the all-important I shiaot meetm?
of, to-morrow.
just what th? Pr?sident *..! propose
