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Three Big Chemical Firms Under Fire As German-Owned Attorney General Begins Investigation Into the Transfer of Stock Profits Run as High As 1,100 Per Cent Treasurer of Roessler & Hasslacher Company the First Witness An investigation into the ownership of three chemical companies to deter? mine whether a transfer of German owned stock to American interests just before the United States entered the war was hona fide whs begun yester? day by Attorney General Merton E. Lewis. The inquiry started at the re? quest of A. Mitchell Palmer, alien property custodian, is in charge of Al? fred Becker, Assistant Attorney Gen? eral. The concerns involved are the Roess? ler & Hasslacher Company, New York City; the Niagara Electro-Chemical Company, Niagara Falls, and the Perth Aniboy Chemical Company, Perth Am boy. N. J. If the investigation shows that the transfer of stock from German to American interests was only nominal the government will have the power to seize all the transferred stock. This stock, combined with the present Ger? man-owned stock, already taken over, ! would give the government a majority of the holdings in each of the three companies. which manufacture all kinds of chemicals used in the sciences and pay large, dividends. Owned in Germany Mr. Keeker said yesterday he would seek to show that between 80 and 90. per cent of the stock of each of the ; companies still is owned by German I interests, and that when the war began the mother corporation of all of the concerns, the Gold and Silver Refining Process Company, owned this amount of stock. -Mr. Becker added that he would prove that Oscar K Seitz, a law? yer, of 52 Wall Street, went to Ger many just before this country entered the war and succeeded in getting the mother company to sell to American ; ititerests a great part of tiie stock of ] the three companies now under investi- ? gat ion. Since that trip, ?Mr. Becker said, own- | ership of 62 per cent of the stock of the companies now appears to be in the United Stales. William A. Hamann, treasurer of the ! Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Com- [ pany, was the fust witness. He admit ted there was a sort of mutual owner ship of the stock between the three' companies, and that much of it had originally been owned by the Deutsche ; Gold and Silver Scheide-Anstalt, of! Frankfurt, Germany, and allied inter- j ests in that country. He said Mr. ! Seitz had been sent to Germany by the i Roessler & Hasslacher company to j 'nave some of the stock transferred to Air. Roessler and others in this coun-, Holdings Enumerated Asked by Joseph II. Choate, attorney; for Mr. Palmer, for the total amount of j outstanding stock, he listed it as fol-1 lows : Roessler & Hasslacher, 13,000 shares, par value $1,300,000. Niagara Electro Chemical. 1,000 hares, par value $100,000. Perth Ambov Chemical, 4,000 shares, par value ?2(10,001). In response to a question by Mr. j Becker Mr. Hamann told of some enor- > mous dividends these companies had oaiti. The Niagara company paid 1,100 per cent in 1915, he said. Mr. Meeker brought out that even in j the face of hu.^e profits the German j owners had sold stock in the Roessler! & Hasslacher Company, which had a I hook value of S510, for $200 a share. ? while the Perth Amboy stock- had a ! book value of $1,550 and was sold for* | S40?. Dividends of the Niagara stock in ' ,i year were more than double the :.mount paid for the stock, it was shown. The hearing will be resumed Monday morning at 10:.'10. Bernstorff Left Reptile Fund in 16 Banks in City < entmin-.1 lie m pane I ?n the staff knew that the German? ' were in control. Even the printer: then referred to Dr. R?mely's office as "Little Germany." Up said that ho ; 'eft the? paper ton days after Rumely took over control. Perkins Got Out of "Mail" Mr. Mills said that a morning news? paper had published a story on tlic career of Dr, Rumely between the time when he and lus friends made the offer to buy the paper and the time when it was bought by Rumely. II \ said it was thought in th(' office that S. S. McClure had no financial interest, but was on a pension. Later McClure went to Japan for "The Mail." Then he -aid: "Knowing that George W. Perkins was financially interested in 'The Mail,' I went to him about six weeks after Rumely took control. I wanted to ?n form him, a-; the chief financial backer of the paper, just what the conditions were. Mr. Perkins then said to me: 'Oh, don't worry about me! I made them buy back every scrap of paper I had.' This was after I told him of the German ownership of the property." When Mr. Stoddard was asked by re? porters about the Perkins notes he ieemed much surprised. He said that, .11 1900, Perkins had lent him several thousand dollars. How much he would not say. He explained that the money had been loaned just as from one neighbor to another, and that he had given Mr. Perkins notes as security. These notes were not taken up until 1917, when they were bought and the interest on them paid with the money Rumely put in the paper. Mr. Stoddard, in answer to questions, s-aid that he had stayed with the paper to protect his men. He made an agree? ment with Rumely, when the latter took control, that he would not dismiss the staff. However, Rumely did force r,ome resignations. Said Bernstorff Owned Paper Mr. Mills also told the newspanei men that later, when he and the for mer editors of the paper learned tha "lb* Mail" was losing from ?3,UU0 ti ?55,000 a week, they made another at? tempt to buy the property. He said I that they informed Daniel Nieoll. sec ! retary to Mr. Stoddard, of their inten i tion of buying the paper. They told j him that they were going to see Rume i ly about it, and that ha explained to I them that this would be silly, as he ! did not own the paper, that it was the ' property of Count von Bernstorff, and , if they wanted to do business with ' him they should consult his attorneys, 1 Hays, Kaufman ?X: Lindhcim, Assistant United States Attorney j Harold Harper, who has charge of the ; prosecution of the Rumely case for the ; government, said yesterday that the telephone calls between "The Mail" : office and Hie German Embassy in Washington are being cheeked up and that the files of the paper are being gone over. The government is of ttie impression that interesting light will ; be thrown on the case when the nun her of telephone calls direct, to Count ; von ?Bernstorff and Dr. Albert is checked up. Evidence of the activities of the German government and its agents to establish a German-controlled press in this country were presented to the Federal Grand Jury yesterday, and the investigation will continue for at. least two weeks. At that time indictments are looked for by the United States Attorney. Among those seen to go into the grand jury room were Thor B. Neilson and John A. Sorensen, former partners of Herman Sielcken, from whom Rume" ly claims fie received the money for the purchase of "The Mail." Another was George Warren, an officer of the Columbia Trust. Company, which was the executor of the estate of Sielcken in this country. O'Leary Falters Under Grilling; Admits Charges ( ontlutirtl from jtage I full quarter of an hour, the witness's aged mother sat with her eyes closed, ! her hands pressed tightly over her j ears, an expression of acute pain twist- j ing across her face. His father, who has likewise attended every session of ? the present trial, remained with bowed ? head, his hands working convulsively I along the arms of his chair. Colonel Thomas B. Felder, counsel i for the defence, objected strenuous'y j to the admission of this communica? tion, as he did to the submission to ? the jury of all the other utterances of : Jerry's which Mr. Barnes offered yes-j terday. But on the day before, under the | guidance of Colonel Folder's question- j ing, Jeremiah O'Leary had begun the ; business of his own defence with an ' expansive protestation of his loyalty to America. Yesterday he entered Judge ; Augustus N. Hand's branch of the ' l.'nited States District Court wearing a | Liberty bond button and a gay red- ? u'liite-and-blue bouteoniere and con- j eluded his direct testimony in the ? same general tenor. Judge Hand on this account ruled that the door had been opened for an i inquiry into Jeremiah's relation to his ! country, and Mr. Barnes lost no time i in leaping through to seize the oppor? tunity afforded. Brother's Case Lost Sight Of In the ensuing hurly-burly the case of John O'Leary?-whose fate, on a charge of having conspired to aid in I his brother's runaway, is the issue really at stake in the present proceed? ings -was almost completely lost sight j of. Once it loomed momentarily into the spotlight when a letter he had written to Jeremiah following a violent anti-British speech of the latter's way introduced. "Don't weaken- keep it up." advised the letter, which was signed "Affec? tionately, John." For the remainder of the time, how? ever, Jeremiah usurped the centre of the stage even more exclusively than he has on his former appearances in his brother's case. His whole attitude from tlm time the war started, in 1914, up to the day of his own indictment under the espio? nage act was unsparingly raked by the prosecutor. First, from his published writings, the witness's assertion that he never had condoned the sacrifice of the Lusitania was refuted. Then, one after another, Mr. Barnes ' traced O'Leary's successive efforts to wreck the Anglo-French loan, to foment an anti-British cult in this country, to sway Congress through monster peti? tions, to secure an embargo on food, finally to force an eleventh hour senti? ment for peace. In the course of the narrative it was Gorman names and mentions of Ger? man money and gatherings in German restaurants that were continually re? curring. Once a slim, bushy-haired, bespectacled youth, who admitted to being a German subject, was called from the back of the room. His name was Wiener, and he was the person from whom Mr. Barnes stated Jere? miah O'Leary originally sought an in? troduction to" Dr. Albert. Claims Forgetfulness At first, when the onslaught, was un? leashed against him, the witness, who has been so debonair and nonchalant heretofore, sought refuge in protesta? tions of forgetfulness. Tetter after Kiter, signed with prominent German names and addressed to himself, he declared he could not recollect. "You'll admit you'probably got them, though, won't you?" asked the District Attorney "No, sir, 1 won't," returned the American Truth Society's chieftain. "Anybody could have put those in my flies, or could have added something to them after they got. there." It was on account of this same pos? sibility of tampering, ho declared, that the subscription book of the American Truth Society ceased its entries ab? ruptly on April 7, l'j>17, and was re? moved from the organization's- office. Saos He Feared Detectives "We observed jimmy marks on the door," he raid when Mr. Pi...... asked him abou. this. "It was ill : as if a ral had gnawed it, and 1 vas afraid detectives fre?r, the Department of Justice or British agent would steal it, in an effort to show that 1 had re? ceived German money. That's why ! took the book away, Mr, Barnes." As the record piled up, however, Jeremith O'Leary became more and more subdued, more or more reticent. It was only as the session was do? ing that, apparently deciding the conn'. against him was too full to make fur? ther fencing of any avail, he suddenly sat forward in his chair, addressed himself directly to the jury and be? came once more the O'Leary of the first trial, "I don't want any speeches," cried Mr. Farnes sharply, a half dozen time aft*, r that. And" "1 know you dcn't," Jeremiah replied in every en. e. "but a man has hi* feelings, Mr, Barnes." Telling how, after campaigning against Wilson in the last Presidential election, he had" entered into the Jer? sey Senatorial tight, his voice rose to a shout as he announced: "And we heat Wilson's man, Martine, two and ahull to one- two and a half to one, Mr, Harnes !" "Who do you mean by 'we'?" asked the prosecutor. "I mean the small, despised bant that you're trying to send to jail. Mi Barnes," he thundered buck ?and ther repeated it. After that he stigmatized Bainbridge Colby as n man who "didn't have enough backbone" to fulfil a speak ing engagement at a big anti-Britisr rally. He admitted notes he had mad? for a speech of his own on the back ol a German programme, wherein tier Czernin Sells Land, Fearing Revolution ( Hy The Atooeiatcti Press) ITALIAN A KM Y HEAD? QUARTERS, July 12.?Austrian prisoners confirm"tho reports that a large number of noblemen are selling off their estates in Bo? hemia and Moravia because they fear a revolution. It is said that Count Czernin, former Austro-Hungarian For ?ign Minister, has sold for 3,000, 000 crowns all his lands in Bo? hemia, and that the purchaser was a banker with agricultural interests. It also is stated that Count Henry Clam - Martinic, formel Premier, expressed the opinion in Vienna that a revolution was probable in Moravia, and lie therefore, was selling his lands there. many was called the "most civilized 1 nation in Europe." Talks of Irish Itevolt Of the Irish revolt he talked at | length. Sir Roger Casement, he said, i he had wanted to head his proposed ! press bureau because of his "literary ; attainments," in order to counteract ; the "British-controlled press in thin ? country." At the las* he was excited i explaining about a Carnegie Hall mass ! meeting, and declaring: "1 will explain, Mr. Barnes. I don't ; want to be put in the position of being | disloyal to this country I love." Monday the trial will be resumed, | and then Mr. Barnes is going to cross j examine Jerry on his flight. Roosevelt Pictured As ?. W. W. by Wearing An ironical picture of Theodore Roosevelt jailed for disorderly con? duct as an I. W. W. speaker was drawn by Scott Ne.aring in an address? before a Socialist mass meeting last night at 3N75 Third Avenue. Nearing, who is under indictment for violation of the espionage law, defended Eugene V. Debs, who is at liberty on bail for a like offence. "The indictment of Debs shows an effort to get men responsible for in? dustrial agitations," said Xearing. "Do you suppose if Theodore. Roosevelt were a member of the I. W. W. he would get away with the kind of stuff he writes and talks? Not on your life! He would be in jail in ten minutes. "We are facing the beginning in the United States of a deliberate move? ment on the part of plutocracy to get rid of the industrial classes. No one is free in this country while Debs re? mains under indictment. Theodore Roosevelt can get away with frank speeches, but Debs cannot." The meeting was called to promote the candidacy for Assemblyman from the 2d District of W. M. Cook. Police stationed at the door demanded regis? tration cards from members of the audience and arrested three men for alleged draft evasion. Declares Militarism Ostracizes Germany PARIS, July 12.?Germany has ex- ? eluded herself from the society of na? tions, and will remain outside of it as long as she is embarrassed by militar? ism, and the door will not be opened until she has changed, says Andr? Lebey, who is writing a report on a leagu? of nations for the Foreign Af? fairs Committee of the Chamber of Deputies. In a statement to the "Petit Parisien" Deputy Lebey adds. ? "The Allies have organized at Ver? sailles an inter-Allied War Council. Why should they not organize there an inter-Allied committee to study the idea of a league of nations? This would bo a sort of small-sized inter-Ailied peace parliament to do for peace what the War Council seeks to do for war. The two actions are parallel and comple? mentary. This first international par? liament would be the germ of a league of nations. Why not seize on the occa? sion of the anniversary of July 14 to create it?" British Admit Falsely Accusing U-Boat Crew LONDON, July 12.?Charges made by Naval Paymaster Collingwood Hughes that a captain of a captured derelict, German submarine left four British seamen on board the U-boat when he knew that it was about to be destroyed hy a patrol boat were unauthorized, according to a statement issued by the British Admiralty to-night. The state? ment reads: "There, is no information in the pos? session of the Admiralty in confirma? tion of the statements made by Mr. Hughes, which were made entirely without authority." U. S. Wounded Protected PAR?S, July 11.?General Merit te Ireland, chief surgeon of the American expeditionary forces in France, is en? gaged in an investigation of the meth? ods of handling and treating the wounded in the recent battles in which American troops were engaged. General Ireland has detailed several of the leading surgeons from the reg? ular medical corps and the medical reserve corps to visit the hospitals and confer with the medical officers on the subject. The soldiers them? selves also are to be questioned as to iiow they w re pleased with the treat? ment they received and if they had been iifvlectprl in nnv wn Hindenburg Wants A Breathing Space AMSTERDAM, July 12.?Field Mar? shal von Hintlenburg recently wrote a reassuring letter concerning the wa to General von Recht, president of the Fatherland party, at Naumburg, accord? ing to tiie "Cologne Gazette." "Things are going well," von Hinden burg wrote, "only our friends the arm? chair strategists must allow us a breathing space which cannot t?e dis pensed with nowadays when battles last eight days or longer, when the entire army can no longer be. concentrated?on a single battlefield and when both great powers of the world are able to pro? duce artillery which can enter into ac? tion with full force and simultaneously on the entire front." Albert Returns by Airplane PARIS, July 12- The King and Queen of Belgium, who had been visit? ing England, have returned to France by the same means which they used in crossing the Channel to England through the air. The return passage, I the newspapers say, lasted thirty min- | ntes. The royal couple said they were delighted with the experiences of the j aerial voyage. ? ! Palmer Drops I CukorFrom Bank Board Hylan's Civil Service Head, Hearst Follower, Is Out by U. S. Order ! Alleged Spy Leader Thought Arrested Seizure of Transatlantic Is Followed by Charges of Espionage ? Morris Cukor, member of the Mu? nicipal Civil Service Commission since ' the first of the year and made presi ' dent of that, body only a few days ago by Mayor Ilylan, was one of the di? rectors of the Transatlantic Trust Company to be dropped when A. Mit? chell Palmer, the Alien Property Cus? todian, forced a reorganization of the bank. .Mr. Cukor, it, is understood, wns originally made a member of the com? mission at the request of William ; Randolph Hearst. The Commissioner is a Hungarian by : birth. He has figured in polities in the ! city for a .number of years and has been instrumental at different times I in swinging the support of the various Hungarian organizations to different j candidates. He was active in the Hearst j interests in that respect at different | times. Think Spy Leader Caught In a statement on the Transatlantic Trust Company affairs issued yester? day, Francis P. Garvan, director of the New York office of the Alien Prop? erty Custodian, concluded by attach? ing without comment the translation of a speech said to have been made August 1!?, 1915, by Mr. Cukor. Guido von Steer, former private sec? retary to Emperor F'rancis Joseph of Austria-Hungary, who was taker, in custody by agents of the Department of Justice Thursday a* the offices of the Transatlantic Trust Company, lias been in complete charge of the espion? age and .propaganda activities of the agents of the Teutonic countries in tiie United States since we declared war on Germany, according to Federal officials. This was learned yesterday, when Charles de Woody, of, the Department1 of Justice, in talking of the case of the Transatlantic concern, said that, as far . as his agents could ascertain, von Sieer was employsd in the trust company as , director of its ''confidential agents." Mr. de Woody refused to discuss the matter further, except to arid that the investigation is being pushed and developments are looked for within a short time. Agents of the department are checking up von Steer's fre? quent visits to Allentown, Penn., where it is known he had an establishment suspected of being- the Eastern head? quarters of a Teutonic spy ring. Succeeded von Bernstorff Von Steer came to this country shortly before the United Slates en? tered the war. lie was installed imme? diately es iiead of the confidential in? vestigating bureau of tho Transatlantic Trust Company. Later, according to a well informed Federal authority, when Count von Bernstorff and his entourage left for Germany, von Steer was picked out as the man to direct tiie spy work ;n America. Having been schooled in thai danger? ous system of intrigue of tiie Central Powers while private secretary to Em? peror Francis Joseph, he was looked upon by his German masters as a man to be trusted, and it is understood that vast sums of money wore put a! his disposal to carry on the work started by Drs. Dernburg and Albert, after Captain Franz von Rintelen was appre? hended. Funds Being Traced i The Fedeial authorities are o? the opinion that the same complicated method of the transfer of the funds ; in the Bolo Pacha and Dr. Rumely 1 cases was followed. The matter is be? ing investigated and all expenditures by von Steer checked up. He i-, being held at the Mercer County jail pending the result ot the investigation. If lie is not interne'! he may be tried in the Federal courts for violation of the espionage act. In a statement on the Transatlantic Trust Company's affairs, Francis P. Garvan, director of the New York office of the Alien Property Custodian. told how th'' hank was used as a con? necting link between Austro-Hungar* ?ans in thin country and the mother? land. Sine the outbreak of the war, Mr Garvan declared the bank has encour I aged the purchase of German and /Jus 'trian war bends by its depositors. Mr. Garvan said that for the last '. two years the bank, which has an Fas Side branch at 10!* Avenue A. declare? dividends of 8 per cent and 6 per cent At the time of its organization tirer? were a number of directors, incluc-inj Alexander von Neuber, who were Aus iriau aliens, the law requiring tha cnly one of the directors be an Amer ic?n citizen. He added that 8,000,000 kronen liai I. cen placed with the bank and tha | on 4,000,000 kronen only % per ten it terest was charged by tile Austria government. The trust company claime to be an Austro-Hungarian ?nstitutioi ; nd this claim was also made by th German consul. Had 00,000 Subscribers Just prior to the war, 182,000,000 : kronen ha 1 been sent to Austria, Mr. Garvan said, and he declared that the bank had 60,000 customer?. The num? ber of depositors was given as 14,000. Most of the depositors were obtained bj bank advertising in foreign Ian gunge newspapers. Even after the declaration of war, Mr. Garvan said, the advertising was continued, urging workingmen to de? posit their money under a special agreement by which it would be rent to Austria after peace was restored. He added that 20,000,000 kronen fiom the sale of Austrian war bonds and 14,000,000 kronen from the sale of Ger? man war bonds had been sent, to Austria. Mr. Garvan assured depositors that the bank had ample funds to pay them ? tiff in full, and that there was no reason for them being alarmed, i "The bank will now he run as an ! American institution." said Mr. Gar | van, "at about one-tenth of the former | cost to depositors, and immigrants will gradually be brought around to Amer I ?can methods." The Cukor speech was delivered at a luncheon given by Alexander von Xuber, Consul Ci?era! of Austria-Hungary, on the eighty-fifth birthday of the'late Francis Joseph. Count Dumba, then Ambassador to this country from Aus? tria, was the principal speaker. The i "JSew Yorker Staats-Zeituns," in re ', porting the .speech, under tho heading j "Hail the Hapsburgs,'' printed: "Speaking of the position of Ameri? cans of Austrian, Hungarian and Ger? man extraction, Mr. Cukor said: "'We do not waver in our loyalty, but we do not concede to anybody the right to give us instructions as to our love for our fatherlands and our aid for our oppressed brothers. Stands by Homo Country ? " 'Free speech is the right, of every ! citizen. Yet, a part of the press would i take from us this right because we sympathize with our people. "YVe energetically refuse to be muz? zled by anglophiles and jingoes. They talk of the Allies' struggle for culture, although it is the battle of Russia, and although but a few years ago many of these papers were loudest in de : nouncing Russia. | " 'We protest, as American citizens, j against being compelled to be silent ' against English chicanery, Russian tyr? anny, French perfidy and Italian treach? ery and also do we. not agree that our adopted country shall become a factory for instruments of murder to be de? livered to the "torchbcarers of civiliza? tion," these torchbearers being the colored men of India, Africa and the I South Sea Islands and other wild I hordes, against the 'barbarian students' | of Heidelberg, Berlin, Vienna and Bu ; dapest.' " ? Cukor Recalls Speech The speech was read to Mr. Cukor in ! his office in the Municipal Building I yesterday and he was asked if he re? called making it. He refused to deny it, and added that he might have made ' it at a meeting to commemorate the firrt anniversary of the war. He said: "I recall making a speech in which I said that at that time, as American citizens, those born in Hungary had a ! right to sympathize with the people of . (heir race if that sympathy was con ; sistent with their duties und obliga? tions as American citizens. "I further said that no one of us : could find fault with a Frenchman or ! an Englishman for sympathizing with , his people, and, therefore, no one can ' find fault with us for sympathy with ; our people if we do not go beyond our duties as American citizens. I said th.'it we should never permit our sym? pathy to run away with us and over weigh our Americanism." Late last night Mr. Garvan asked tor a correction of the statement appear ; ing in the press that, the Mutual Life : Insurance Company has any interest in ! the Transatlantic Trust Company other than that of landlord and tenant. War Workers 111 From Glass in Candy The police and military authorities are investigating what is thought to have been a bold attempt to poison by means of broken glass employes t?f the L. W. F. Manufacturing Com? pany at College Point, L. I. fine, em? ploye, Mrs. William Cambridge, '?l'A Jamaica Avenue, Flushing, L. I., be? came so violently ill that Dr. Alfred F. Andler, of College Point, was called to attend her. Several others were made ill for a short time. The glass was contained in candy distributed to the employes during the noon hour by a young man who said it was a sample of a new kind of con? fection. The candy was in small bags on which a patented name was lettered. Officers of the L. W. F. company, which is engaged in manufacturing aeroplane parts for the government, re? ported the ?natter to the military au? thorities at Fort Totten. 3,000 Class 1 Men Called as Foresters W A SIIIX 0 T O X, Jul y 12. ? P ro v o s t Marshal General Crowder to-day issued a call for an additional 3,00u men from thirty-eight states to produce spruce wood in the forests of the Northwest for airplane construction. From Class 1 only, men who are qualified for special or limited service will be accepted. These, as well us registrants in the second, third antl fourth classes qualified for genera! military service, may volunteer until July 2-'>, bur, after that date sufficient men will be selected from Class 1 tt make up any deficiency in a state's quota. The men are to entrain July ?! for Vancouver Barracks, Vancouver Wash. Hog Island Yards Nearincr Completion PHILADELPHIA, July 12. Rapid progress is being made toward the com? pletion of the Hog Island shipyards, ac? cording to Admiral Francis T. Bowles, director of operations, who to-day an? nounced that thirty-five keel.? had been laid and that the number of workers at the yard had reached 28.500. This, Ad? miral Bowles said, is but 1,51)0 short of the number of employes that will be required to operate the yard at full capacity. All the ways are expected to be completed early in August. Members of the Naval Consulting Heard were to make a tour of the big plant to-day. U. S. Aero Club Gives Medals to Air Heroes (By The Associated Press) PARIS, July 13.?The Aero Club of America through its foreign service committee here has awarded the medal of the organisation to thirty-three aviators representing tiie United States. France, Great Britain, Italy ami Belgium j The aviators receiving the honor ? aie : UNITED STATES Major laical Lut-' berry, killed; I,. Norman Barclay, killed: .inline. C. Uiddle, killed; Andrew >'. Campbell, killed; Oliver M. .Chadwlck. killed; Victor Chapman, killed; Edmund (.'. Genet, killed; Ronald Huskier, killed; James McConnel. killed : Douglas McMonnsIe, killed; Norman Prince, killed; Killen V. Rockwell, killed; Corporal S. Walcott, killed, and Major Will? iam Thaw. FRANCK Captain Guynemer, killed ; Lieutenant Donne, killed ; Adjutant Lenoir, ! killed ; Lieutenant Chaput, killed; Lieuten? ant N'unv'ciPiT, killed ; Lieutenant (iarvos. Lieutenant Fanck, Captain Herteaux, Lieu? tenant Madon, Captain Deullin, Captain Pinsard nnd Sub-Lieutenanf Guerin. GREAT BRITAIN C?ptain Albert Ball, killed; Captain Fletcher Philip Fullnrd and Major WilPam A. Bishop. ITALY Lieutenant Baracca, killed; Sub Lieutenant Olivan and Major Piccio. BELGIUM Lieutenant Thieffry. Urges Perkins as Coal Chief That George W. Perkins will be sug? gested in a few days to Fuel Admin? istrator Garfield for appointment to the' pest of State Fuel Administrator, vacated several months ago by Albert 11. Wiggin. became known yesterday. f'harles S. Allen, secretary of the Wholesale Coal Trade Association, de? clared yesterday that he heartily fa? vored a man with Mr. Perkins's quali? fications. "George W. Perkins has been sug? gested as a man who would accept? ably till this post." said Mr. Allen. He declared he is convinced Mr. Per? kins could soon place New York on a par with New England in coal distribu? tion I Says Cuba Soon Will Join in War With Full Force Secretary to President Men? ocal Declares Participation Grows Stronger Daily Cuba'- participation in the world war, direct and indirect, is increasing from day to day and, as time passes, will be noted more by the other na? tions fighting to end Prussian mili? tarism. This is the message that Eusebio S. Azpiazu, confidential secretary to Presi? dent Menocal of Cuba, brings to this country. Senor Azpiazu, at the Hotel An sonia last night, emphasized the fact that Cuba daily is becoming more and more a factor in the war. "Yet in spite of the war," said Senor Azpiazu, "Cuba's ?rotrress has been un? interrupted. Our internal affairs arr in a satisfactory condition and, thank: to the unceasing efforts of President Menocal, our participation in the waj is increasing." Biggest Sugar Crop According to Senor Azpiazu, the sugai crop now finished, is the biggest in th< history of Cuba. "While it was not at large as we expected," he said, "it ex? ceeded that of any other sugar-produc ing country in the world. It totalle? 3,250,000 tons, or approximately on? and one-quarter tons for every one oi the 2,750,000 inhabitants of the island Practically ail this sugar goes to th? Allies. They depend on us almost ex clusively." "The Red Cross receive:' the suppor of everybody in Cuba," ho said. "Mme Mariana Sera de Menocal, wife o President Menocal, is head of the Re? Cross in Cuba. Chiefly through he efforts there was raise?! ? 1,000,000 b; subscriptions to equip Cuban hospita units for France. And Congress vote? an additional $500,000 yearly to be de voted to the upkeep of these units." In addition to this, Senor Azpiazu sai. that the Cuban Congress voted to dis tribute $2,.ri00,'j00 among the Red Cro.s organizations of the United States France. Belgium, Italy and (Heat Brit $250,000 Already Cabled ' The first quarter of a million dol ! iars," he said, "was cabled two or three weeks ago and divided as fol? lows: "General Pau, France, $100,000; United States, $40,000; Great Britain, $40,000; Italy, $40,000, and Belgium, $30,000." Every possible step ?.5 being taken by President Menocal, said Senor Az? piazu, to check the spy evil and wipe out what few German propagandists there ! may be hiding in Cuba. "The passage of the recent espionage bill," he said, . "will greatly strengthen President Menocal's hands in dealing with the situation. An?! it is at the insistent demands of President .Menocal that the House of Representatives has been sit? ting in permanent session in Havana since. Monday discussing the compul? sory service law, which will go into effect immediately. I expect :o hear at any moment that the measure has been passe?! by Congress. ' Cuba, according to Senor Azpiazu. has gone in strongly for aviation. "A squadron," he said, "has been organized and preliminary instruction is being : given by Lieutenant Terry, a Cuban in the French army, who has been granted a leave of absence at the re? quest of Cuba." Crops in Rumania Reported a Failure Corn Yield One-Twenty-fifth of Annual Size; Peasants in Want PARIS, July 1-. Rumania's peasant population is in a more precarious con? dition from lack ?if food an?! clothing than at any time since Rumania entere?! the war. Reports reaching The Asso? ciated Press from authoritative sources indicate that ail crops this year are IV. i lures. The crop of corn, which in normal times is the great national staple, nrobablv will vield less than one-twen i ty-lifth of the usual yield. Of wheat, maize and other cereals there is cnly sufficient to feed one-tenth of the p< pu? la t ion. , What little food there was has been requisitioned by tiie Germans. The bread ration has been reduced further and amounts to less than half a pound ciaih . The crops in Bessarabia are uncer? tain and are in almost as poor a con? dition as in Rumania. Owing pnrtly to neglect and partly to lack of labor, seeds and rain the greater part of tl,ose> countries which once teemed with : agricultural products of every kin 1 are now great barren wastes. If the Germans expect any food fiom this -.vaste territory, the reports con ! ciude, they can have only the slender hope of better crops next year. For I the present Germany will get only a ! mouthful. Paris to improve Its Port PALIS, July 12.- A committee of the ? municipal council of Paris has sub? mitted a report approving the issue of a credit for $10,000,000 with which to de? fray tin- expenses for improving the port of Paris. Two years ago the Minister of Publie Works, Marcel Sembat, announced that a project was under way for improving the traffic facilities between Paris and Havre. Railroad tracks and a barge canal were planned to relieve shipping congestion between Paris and the sea. It is probable that the above project is connected with the plan announced by M. Sembat. Pershing Wants Chaplains The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ m America, which sent greet? ings to General Pershing and the American '?rniy in France through the Rev. Dr. Charles S. MacFarland, re- ' ceived a cable message from Dr. Mac- ; Farland yesterday thai General Persh- '? ing asked the churches "to send over their very bist ministers as chaplains." Dr. MacFarland said he was "im- : pressed with the fine Christian spirit" of General Pershing. and that it was "a great thing to have such a man in charge of our boys." Jews Must Leave Finland, Says Senate LONDON, July 12. The Finnish Senate has decided to expel all Jews from Finland, according to advices from Copenhagen to the Exchange Telegraph. More than three hundred Jewish families will be forced to leave the country. The Senate justifies its decision on the ground that Jewish financiers placed funds at the disposal of the Red Guards. Th?> Jews declare that they were forced by the Red Guards t-o uive them I are o sums of money. Food Prices That You Read | About and Those You Pay IA Long Island Butcher Who Has Never Heard o? the Federal Food Board The Tribune Co-operative Buying Clubs Serve Coffee at Popular Prices Edited by ANNE LEWIS PIERCE, Director The Tribune Institute FOOD PRICES?AS QUOTED AND "AS IS" jv Amityville, L. I. ! Editor The Tribune: On July ;? you published an article headed "Food Prices Reduced" and gave as some of the prices of the federal Food Board as follows: Sirloin steak, 31c; top round, 34c; pot roast, 31c; .-tewing beef, 2.">c, etc. My wife cut this article from The Tribune and took it to a butcher j in this town. They just laughed at it and said it was wrong, as they had : to pay so much per pound and could sell it no less. Some of their prices Were as follows: Sirloin steak, 52c; chuck steak, 10c; chopped beef, 40c. Said he had never heard of the Federa! Food Board prices. What we would like to know is, Has the Federal Food Board control of butchers outside of New York City, and was he justified in charing i his prices? Is there anv way of finding out what they should charge? J. H. H. This letter illustrates perfectly how all concerned car. he#a little wrong- and the consume)* completely mystified and partly cheated. Point No. 1.?The prices quoted are for "good cow." They were correctly quoted, but this tag was omitted. The grade of a purchase makes all the difference in the world in its price. On the same date your sirloin steak, if it came from "mediun steer." should have cost 38 cents, untrimmed; the top round, 42 cents ; the pot roast, 39, and the stewing beef, 32. Furthermore, the steak, if trimmed, would cost as much as 44 cents, instead of 38, and expressing of the beef to Amityville, L. I., at 20 cents a hundred, would have brought the price up, possibly, to 46 cents a pound, with cartage costs. Sirloin steak was selling in the Washington Market on this date at 45 cents. Giving Friend Butcher, of Amityville, the benefit of all doubts, he probably was profiteering on his steak to the tune of about (j cents a pound for-the sirloin steak and 8 cents a pound for the chopped beef! There is just one other possible point to be brought in Friend Butcher's defence as concerns the margin between his prices and those suggested by the Federal Food Board. If he is delivering the meats and carrying charge" accounts (on which he pays 6 per cent interest; then he has the right to an addi? tional margin of profit to cover this expense. But, when all has been said and done, it seems to us time that thi-s particulai butcher heard of the Federal Food Board and its prices in an of ficial way! To answer our correspondent's last question, be it notei that, whereas the Federal Food Board, through its Deputj County Food Administrator, would have direct jurisdiction ovei Amityville, L. I., it would have no power to enforce a price, bu if it could be proved that he was profiteering or breaking anj of the merchandising rules laid down by the board he would bi subject to the provisions of the food control act. The way to find out what should be charged is to read th< market quotations and report doubtful cases to the Federa Food Board, but be sure of your facts and the conditions sur rounding a sale before you convict any one of profiteering. Con ditions are trying enough.-and war prices of necessity high enough, without the condition being aggravated either by unjust suspicion on one hand or unjust charges on the other. F?SH, VEGETABLES AND FRU?TS ??quails at sea. Few fish on land. Better luck hoped for next week?speaking for the consumers, not the fish Butterfish, weakfish and mackerel, with some flounders and flukes, are about all the market offers in any abundance, and these are the current prices: For butterfish, wholesale. 12 to 18 cents; retail city market. 18 to 20 cents: suggested price i,y the Federal Food Board as right in city, 17! ? to 21 ' _?. Weakfish, wholesale, 12 to 15 cents; city market, 20 to 22 cents, and suggested price, 161:? to 21 ! j. For the mackerel, which are really the best fish now. the tinker, or baby mackerel, are 15 cents, wholesale. The bonito mackerel (which are the large fish, now substituting for the Spanish mackerel, out of season) brought 10 to 17, wholesale. They should cost the consumer 21] -. to 221-.. according to the Food Board, and they do cost in the Washington Market 2o cents. Even a bad week for fish is better than a good week tor meat when it comes to prices ! The weather has been as good for vegetables as it has been bad for fish. Heavy shipments ot* apples, cabbage, canteloupe, cucumbers, lettuce, onions, peppers, peaches, potatoes, string beans, tomatoes and watermelon are reported. Onions and cab? bages are being neglected for the more seasonable vegetables, and cucumbers are the current vegetable that is most plentiful. As to fruits, peaches are in the ascendant, coming mostly from Georgia; and though great quantities are being received, the demand has kept the price steady. Good quality fruit costs about 45 cents for a two-quart basket in the market. Canta? loupe and watermelons are the chief rivals of the peach for favor, and are averaging 15 to 25 cents for cantaloupe and iK) cents for watermelon. TRIBUNE INSTITUTE CONSUMERS' CO-OPERATIVE CLUBS (U. S. Food Administration License, G-67,333.) A Coffee Party of Proportions ?~^VlD you get your imitation to the Tribune Institute coffee 1 party in the Sunday issue of July 7? If not, k>ok in the ?$ Institute section to-morrow, and in the meantime send us the attached coupon for samples of three good coffees which you will be able to order through the clubs or by parcel post after July 21. About 228 newcomers are drinking coffee with us on this invitation, besides club members in some 300 clubs. Will you join them? And telephone or write us which coffee red. white or blue you like best before you are prejudiced by a knowledge of the prices and names. (Phone Morningside 7795.) The Institute pages of the Sunday Tribune for July 14 and 21 will tell you the details and prices, how much you can save a month by buying your coffee in this way and just what the three kinds of coffee are and their wholesale prices. To know what you aie buying /'s the tiist requisite tor gett'uty what you want and paying a just price for it. Orticr gour Coffer g?amplrs To The Tribune Institute Consumers' dubs Service Station. 32it) Broadway, Sew York Lit}. Referring to your oiier in The Sunday i rihunc oi July ?? send tne thtee sample five ounce hags or coffee. Red, White and ?Hue. tor which I inclose 31 cents?25 cents for coffee and 6 for postage. [Club members omit postage and give number of club.] Same. : Street Address.City and State. ' (Wholesale market price* arjl conditions are based primarily on **" ports oj the Nev York office of the Bureau of Markets, United St*** Department of Agriculture. The discussion of the retail market, its ppre and special war conditions arc prepared in collaboration with the Sw York Federal Food Board.) (The market column appears on Saturdays)