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THE SUN, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1912. TLKSIMi. DKCKMHKH :i, mis. Knlercit At the IVi-il Oflirr at New York as Second Class Mall Hatter. 8nbrrlptlimi hy Malt, Postpaid. DAILY, Per Moith SO RO DAILY, I'cr car tl on UUNUAY, I'cr Uar a no DAIl.YA.NIKSl'MiW, I'rr Year H .-.( DAILY AMI: St'XDA Y, IVr Month .... 75 I'oitage to fordtfn (nuiitrlrs added. ' Atl check, mnriry orders, Ac., to tic made pay able toTiiKHt'N. Published dally. Including .Sunday, Hy th Sun Prltillnk'nml Publishing Association nt i;n Nassau street, In the HnroiiKli of Manhattan, New York, Itrsldrnt and Trrastirrr, Wllllnm Itrlrk. 170 Nassau street, Vlci-l'rrIilrnt. Kiluanl t'. Mitchell, 170 .Simill lrtrt; Secretary, Chester S. Lord, 17U Nassau strict. Lonilon oftlcr. l.'fflngham House. I Arundel trrrt, .Str.inl. Paris oftlcr, 0 Hue de It lllchodlfre. off line du Quatrr Siptcmhrr. Washlnitton omce, Illbhs hullillne. Brookln omcc. inj I UlnsMnn street. our trtentls itlic taeor us villi manusertnts and tllustra'itins lor niMirndofi mh In hare re)eelrd articles returned they must in all eases sent' stamp lor thai vurpo.'. The K fleet or the Dissolution of tlir llarrltii.tii Merger. Corcful ittid detailed study of the de cision handed down by tho Supremo Court yesterday in what lias lonn boon commonly known its tho Union I'neific- Southern Paeilie merger case v. ill bo required before a full and iiceurnto undrrhtandiiiK of the scope of tlm dc cision ran bo reached, lint from the telegraphic despatches it appears that tho court has held that tlm acquisition BOino years nuo by the t'nfon Pacific Railroad Computiy of n controlling in terest in the Mock of the Southern Pa cific liailroad Company and tho exertion of Mich control in the subsequent period was and hits been in restraint of ttade. Tho 1 nion Paeilie company must, ac cording to the court, part with itseontrol in tho Southern Pacitic Knilroud Com-iwny-utid must in its corporate capacity censo to exeicNo any authority over the Southern Pacific The court suggests, however, that a Ick.i1 plan may be de vised whereby the I 'nion Pueilic may own and operate tho old Central Pacific Railroad, which wns purchased a long tlmo since by the Southern Pacific com pany, and over whoso tracks the car-i of the Union Pacific run to San Francisco from Ogdon. It was for the purpose of obtaining control of the Central Pacific that the Cnion Paeilie chiefly desired control of the Southern Pai-i fie. system. Th Southern I'aciflcrailroadoixMtiiz;! tlon is in splendid financial and physical condition and can easily be operated in independent fashion as it was before the time when Mr, Il.utltlMA.v bought it for the 1'nion Pacific interests. The disposition matle of the case by the Supreme Court yesterday should have no ml verso effect whatever so far as we can see upon the Southern Paeilie company. Neither, with the long de aired control of tho outlet to tho Pacific coast left In its hands, can we see that tho affairs of tho Union Pacific are ma terially disturbed, Tho stock of tho Southern Pacific which the Union P.i cifio owned must be parted with, and, following the precedent f-rt in nil pre vious cases of the kind -a precedent which was the only one justified by equity and common sense this stock will, presumably, be distributed among the Union Pacific shareholders. In other words, a segregation of tlm Southern Pacific's assets owned by tho Union Pacific will be enfotccd such as wns enforced in the cases of the Stand ard Oil Company and tho American Tobacco Company. The original Stand ard Oil and American Tobacco Mook liolders did not suffer much by that (segregation; nor do wo believe that tho Union Pacific stockholders will lo hurt by tho execution ora similar process. Tho stock of tho Southern Pacific is far moro valuable now than it was at the time the Union Paeiflo bought it. (A British Protectorate In Kgypt. The report that Great Rritain is soon to proclaim a protectorate over Kgypt, which rests upon the declaration of a Cairo banker, will attract attention If it does not obtain immediate credence because it falls in naturally with much that has been previously suggested in international discussions. In the past twelve months there have been pro found alterations in the Mediterranean world und a Hritish advance now would hardly .seem to count erbalaneo what other groat nations have obtained or aro likely soon to reali.o. From tho outset of illrittsli occupation of Egypt to loot MicceMive English Governments with" varying sincerity havo nsserted that this was a temporary etep, that Ilntwh garrisons wero to bo withdrawn when that hour arrived that they wero no longer necessary to preserve peace. During these yearn: French hostility, Turkish intrigue, the disorders in tho Egyptian Sudan inci dent to tho Mahdi's rebellion mado British rule difficult Indeed, it was not until Franco and England readied their final settlement nnd Ilritish nur render in Morocco was compensated by Fronch abandonment of Egypt that tho track was clear for a chongo that should put Ilritish ntlo upon a really solid basis at Cairo, In tho meantime tho annexation of Tripoli by Ituly, following French ad Yanon in Morocco, wholly changed the naval and military position of Egypt. Again tho collapse of Turkey in the present war rcrnovontho possibility of Ottoman opposition to I ho extinction of nominal Turkish suzerainty on tho Nile. In addition tho growing probability that llussla will obtain from tho Powers, in tho settlement of the prcnenl Eastern crisis, tho frco passage of the Ntrulta for her Block Ben fleet warns tho English to consolidate their Egypllun Interests. It to clear then that a proclamation of British prot;torato In Egypt is no longer a rcmoto contingency. To sub Untiate her moral as well as her mili UtT claims Great Britain can point to splendid achievement. Under Hritish rule Egypt has been raised from misery to proscrity, railro.-rls, in Ration works, nil tliu things that civilization brings to neglected and barbarous lands, have followed Ilritish garrisons in Egypt, nud Lord Krinii:xi:ii has added to the lau rels of Omdiirman not less Milid tri umphs of a less military character sinco he returned to Cairo. Vet in one respect the Ilritish have been less successful than the French in North Africa nnd must presently fall behind tho Italians. Egypt remains a colony of exploitation rather than of ficttloment. Whllu the French have es tablished 800,000 Europeans in Algeria and Tunis, half of them actually French, and the presence of 100,000 Italians in Tunis forecasts u similar invasion of the new Italian Libya, English sub jects in Egypt number but 15,000, against JO.OOO Italians and 0.1,000 Greeks, and tho whole European population counts but 150,000 in 11,000,000. The growing restiveness of tho Egyp tians and the spread of nationalism havo revealed an internal need of strength ening the basis of Hritish rulo in Egypt, while the presence of Italy on tho east ern frontier and tho prospective en trance of Hussia into the Mediterranean have served as further warnings. As a result of the change in European align ments a Ilritish protectorate would bo unopposed by Hussia, by France or by Italy, with whom secret agreements on public bargains have previously been negotiated, Turkish opposition would have little value now, while AustrilFnnd Germany aro not yet naval Powers of sufficient magnitude to challenge the issue. Thus it seems at least probable that King GKOlidK'H reign may sec one moro considerable addition to the great est empire of the world. Norman Shaw. The death of N ohm AN SltAW, at SI, removes one of the most notable and perhaps tho most original of Hritish architects of his generation. The pre ceding generation of architects, the generation of Sir GiftiKivr Scnrr, of Ht itGKS and HfrrKitriELt) and Stkklt and Watkkhol'se, of whom Water iiol'si:, dying in 1005, was the last sur vivor, had devoted themselves to show ing that Gothic architecture was ade quate to all purposes nnd to every ex pression. The Victorian Gothic revival of which they wero the conductors might have succeeded better if they had not confounded the principles of Gothic architecture with the forms in which it had found historical expression. In practice they regarded theso as the sources rather than ns the Illustrations of tho principles which wero 'in fact those of real architecture in general. With true Hritish conservatism and "prehensility of tail" they continued to repeat forms from which tho life had departed with the passing of tho modes of construction which had given rise to them. Their Gothic was thus largely a matter of taste nlone, of preference for the Gothic forms over classic. They failed to make it a living language nnd to express it for all purposes. Even when the revival was at its hcightLord I'ALMEnsTo.v directed Sir GiLnKitT Scott to make a classic design for tho Foreign Office, to tho disgust of that architect. Hut In ISCm, at tho timo of the competition for the new l-iw Courts, which was tho most signal demonstra tion that the revival was in possession of tho field, there was not ono notable design that was not In some mode of Gothic, nnd no other would havo stood any chance of acceptance or considera tion. Hut it was soon recognized that the revival had not succeeded in domesti cating Gothic for residential purposes nor in commercializing it for commer cial purposes. Its most ambitious ef fort in tho way of n publio building, SntKET'R Iayt Courts In tho Strand, was a failuro with the Hritish public. So equally was Its most ambitious effort in purely monumental architecture, tho Albert Memorial in Hyde Park. Since 1870 modern Gothic in England has been mainly confined to churches and colleges. It was just nt this time that Noiwan Shaw, already a man of 40 and known as a picturesque and artistic draughts man, came into the field with his pro posal for what may bo called, though very loosely, a classic revival. It did reemploy classic detail, but purely ns decoration nnd with a freedom and usefulness much more in the spirit of Gothic than of classic. Ilia "freeclassio" was exhibited in several country seats and in one town house, Lowther Lodge, which created much commotion in tho English and American architectural cir cles of tho early '70s. Tho now revival presently became known as "Queen Anne,' for no good reason, for nothing could Ih) less liko tho formalized design which tho followers of Sir (,'lllilSToi'HElt Whkn wero doing during the reign of Queen ANNE than tho raoy nnd idiomatic work of tho revivnliht. Tho New Zea land "chambers," or as wo should say "oflico building," was as much a novelty in commercial architecture as liowther Lodge had been in domestic. Tho qual ities of these lines are shown on a hugo and moro imposing scalo in tho new buildings for tho Scotland Vard, a work at which Ixindon long looked askance, but finally aecpp(y. Tho early Imi tators of Khaw wero not successful, but with such colaborers as Mr. Col cutt ho at last succeeded in imposing upon Ixindon a now secular stylo, marked by vivacity of design und disregard of purism as well as by strong contrasts of color. Tho "motives" and the general treatment wero derived more from the Contlnont than from any historical examples in tho Hritish Isl ands, and It would not bo unfair to de scribe tho stylo of modernized Ixindon as a version of Flemish Itenalssunco. All tho same, tho stylo has suffered a sea chango In crossing tho Channel. It has really been naturalized and bo como racy of tho soil. It Is a mundano manner, obviously unsulted to churchoa and colleges. Though Mr. Hhaw built an acceptiiblo Gothic church or two, ho was not distinguished and apparently did not asplro to dis tinction as an ecclesiastical architect. Hut ho had done moro toward express ing tho life nnd spirit of his country in building flmti any American archi tect or group of architects has suc ceeded in doing for this country, hopeful as Kiciiaiid.son'h attempt In that be half looked thirty years ago. Our country homes, it is (rue, aro often original nnd native expressions of those who inhabit them. Our skyscrapers havo an originality enforced. Hut our publio buildings aro all done after the latest Parisian fashion, the grandi osity and fnetilioiiMiess of which is nt least as un-American ns it Is un English. The movement which Nohman Shaw originated nnd to which ho was tho most important contributor is in har mony with tho time and place. It expresses nrtistically tho unpretentious, undemonstrative and homely taste and temper of the modern Englishman. He has an architecture in which he is at home. Taxed for Unasked Advice. Nothing could more completely expose the mental characteristics of a certain type of volunteer adviser to public offi cers than tho annoynnco Governor Wilson has been subjected to through the failure of his uninvited counsellors to pay for tho postage on tho letters containing their admonitions and warn ings. Tho amount involved is negligible, but the fact that tho authors," of these underpaid letters, through carelessness or ignorance, compelled tho recipient to go into his own pocket for the sake of reading them indicates accurately the value of their recommendations. The charitable view to take of these high statesmen is that they do not know what the rate of postage to Hermuda is, but acquitting them of malice or closo flstedness leaves them in tho ridiculous position of instructing in matters of complexity under a cover which betrays their own Inadequacy to conduct their affairs with ordinary caution. Their presumption at least is admirable, and Governor Wilson has liad sufficient dealings with the public ho will soon servo in its highest olllco to recognize tho exact amount of weight arguments and declarations from sources such as these deserve. A to Herring on Pier. Our neighbor the Tribune finds it "not surprising that the present emergency in tho matter of long steamship piers at this port should provo tho opportu nity for putting forward n number of schemes for tho development of other parts of the waterfront, but it is re grettable, for the reason that on vari ous former occasions precisely such a process has caused the delay which has led to tho present crisis, and there is ground for fearing that once moro it may do the same," and it adds: "A number of tlmonln rerrnt yearn the need of Improved termliml fnrllltlrs has been ureed, whereupon there have been cries of 'I,o, here!' and "Lo, there!' from (lOwnniK, from Oraveoend, from Jamaica Hay, from Port Morris, from Bayonne and from Montauk Point, until In the multi tudinous clamor of conflicting claims the real need of the time has been overlooked and abandoned." The "real need" of this time, as of previous times, is not merely to meet tho emergency of the moment affecting one class of shipping and not the most important class -but to devise nnd adopt a system of port development that shall precludo forever in tho future tho possibility of other emergencies. There is h guaranteo that tho thousand foot ship marks the limit of economical con struction for certain kinds of business. There is no reason why this port should not be ready to receive and care for in safety a ship of greater length than any now building or projected. Meanwhilo there is every reason why every encrgv should be devoted to the upbuilding, for nppropriato purposes, of Oowanus, Gruvcsend, Jamaica Hay, Port Morris, Hayonnenndeven Montauk Point. Each portion of the waterfront should bo improved on a general and comprehen sive plan, without artificial benefit to any iu me expense oi omers. - ( Corncob .Pipes. In the Innwanct Field of Louisville Mr. H. M. Dean invokes in n fervent and an admirable odo his "Old Cob Pipe," whereof may wo borrow three stanzas: "I've tried 'em all, Old Timer, meerschaum and briar and clay, I even tackled the hookah hut 1 laid em all nay, For you are the best, Old Timer, uly and black and broke. And 1 know when I irlve, you the fllllne I'm sure for n straight up emoke. "friend In llrnn of trouble, comrade when pleasures burn, You clvo oft your mind caMnir Incense, ask- tnc naught in return Save thnt ynu have the fllllne -a match to start the Are: Then here's to you, Old Timer, pipe of mjr heart's desire, "Your cost was probably a nickel it Isn't your way to brag, nut aurn you're as good as your brother with tho big price marked on the tnc. Then here to you, Old TIjner, for I know you're broke J uat right; I'll five you one morn filling we'll burn it and say good night." Of many kinds of pipes may words of affection bo spoken truly. Perhaps a "T. I)." comes nearest to tho heart and lips; it is blnck but comely, and only tlm strong and skilful oan smoke it triumphantly. Tho briarwood is the steady friend of millions. Tho rearing and education of a meerschaum re quires perhaps too much unremitting care for a busy generation. Tho corn cob used to have all thu practical and many of tho romantic virtues. Wo havo known men compelled to frugality to mako an excellent breakfast on a corncob pipo or two of tobacco. Your corncob lasted in u way not to bo sus pected from its apparent fragility and it had u wealth of flavor, a tang and i i. - i - uuuquuv ui ua own, Thero was nover a pine better adapted to tho open nnd tho wind. Wo don't recall any other pipe fitter to be smoked I In bed by the careless or the well In- ' sured. Then there was some aroma of nssocl.-itlnn ,!,...,( ii It u,.,,,,,.(,l nnr:. Q u . .1... T. --"' ... . ','FSnI I ,. .. ..r 1 1 i in . . ..I was one of Iho most deliberate. easy-J , , , - , I iroltlif nlwl r fn In tl I I nP ni,u,a .lliiiiil 11 I r, w. ijaci, ,i. I'uiiifi iiuiK inw iiiiipioyineiH oi ciinu muur was tho hazo of Indian summer, the!'" the canning factories of northorn Now rich rcposefulness of the Hon. Gum Shoe h0 8,1n''-"; 1 k!,ow. something of this lit! t wlmti l,, iu i nnn.t,, il. into Africa. And your good old corn cob pipo lived long. Ear bo it from 'our hearts fo say any thing against an industry dear to Mis souri und of tho most benevolent pro dllction, but aro corncob pipes what they used to be? Do they become charged with ns amiable iwllMtlonB? Hasn't tho "Old Cob Pipe," po well sung by Mr. Dean, been affected, like every thing olso beneath the sky, by tho high cost of living? It looks as ir the return from Hermuda would succeed at every point at which the "return from Elba" failed. A promise of the immediate construc tion of a railway from Tangier to Fez should serve to stimulate the French imagination, for this stretch is the first division not merely of the line across the Kahara that is to make Cape Town a rail and ferry suburb taf Ixindon, but is also to reduce the oceun voyage to Mouth America to throe days and insure through trains from Paris to Dakar. At first the Btiggestlon thnt Colonel Ooetiulh be rewarded for bis work at Panama by promotion to the rank of Gen eral seems Inappropriate. Ho has won no distinction ns a military strategist, no decMvo victory over nn armed foe of the republic. V-t Colonel (Ioetiials certainly deserves enduring and conspicuous rewnrd for his groat work. How can It be con ferred on him except by promotion in the servico of which he is an ornament? Nor Is it impossible, or even improbable, thnt ho might turn out a most capable and effi cient General wero wnr to call him Into nctlon. He has courage, executive aUI Ity, the power to inspire men with a rcii timent of devotion to his caufe nnd to himself; he Is a wise disciplinarian, nnd no other officer in the army is much more experienced than he in the command of troops. And what nn obligation to re ward Gof.tiiaix rests on his countrymen! Tho "sick man of Kurope may nt least keep a bedroom iu Kurope. Now thnt the football season is over tho business of assembling All America elevens is in full siting. There can be no doubt Unit it fills a real want. Under graduates and even graduates, some of whom feci nn absorbing interest in foot ball nil their lives, are curious to see whether their fnvorites are on the magic roll. There may be resentment when a famous end or back Is rejected, but so many experts are engaged in making up All America elevens that if the great llnehroaker or punter is not on one list ho will surely lie found on another Then there are the second All America elevens, In this reserve any good player ought to be discovered by anxious admirers. It In satisfactory to know that there is no court of Inst resort to add or to substitute. Any man may pick his own All America eleven nnd scorn the selections of any other man. Kven the experts do not agree nnd may sometimes be mispeeted of partiality. A CLEAS CITY. Mike the CltUens Help, Net Hinder, the Authorities. To the Editor or Tub Scn Sir- A re cent article In The Sun by Commissioner Ldwards pointed out thnt New York would be a comparatively clean city If household ers collected dirt and rubbish from their sidewalks Instead of sweeping them into tbe'street. If a law on this ubject could he pasned one may eaMly see" what a revolution might he effected. There are ctrincent regulations in t hl regard In Cierman cltlee Berlin, one of the cleanest of cities In spite of her high wind, has a remarkable system of street cleaning. The ahe, Ac, are carried from the houses by two men, und the can fits nn open ing in the otherwise hermetically sealed cart. One never see printed advertl'e- mentt flung into doorways and along the streets ns Is so common here, The utreets In many quarters are watered and "-snuee-geed" twice a (lay, nnd sweeper on foot follow the machine closely to collect the rubbish before It is ugalu realleged to the wind, Coiumisloner Kdwnrd' plan might well come under the conideratlon of the neighborhood clubs. Doubtless ten years hence it will be a penal odence for a New York furnace man to sweep so much ns a burned match Into the gutter. K. Nkw Yorix, Decembrr 2. Panama Canal Toll. To tiik KniTOR or TlIK Si .v -.N'ir: I have read with great Interest Mr .Mnrstou Nllea'a letter on the perplexed subject of the Pan ama Canal lolls, lie concludes very prop erly that the Constitution does not prevent the !ev)iug of tolls on our coastwise, vessels going through the canal, that no valid dis tinction can be made between foreign and coastwise shipping nnd that, we have n pur feet right to remit tolls tonurow n vessels. The Ilritish protest was based nn the the ory t lint we could not remit toll, anil this mistaken notion gavn President Til ft tho chance, which he seized, of giving a lawyer like answer to that contention. Mr. Nile, however, doe not say, though it seems impossible to deny on n literal rcuillug of the treaty, that our war vessels should pay tolls ns well as our commer cial vessels, And this leaves open the (luestinn as to what would happen should we bo involved In war with another nation. Kliould w deny to our friends the enemy the right to go through the oannl on "terms of perfect equality," and If so, what rule of International law would Justify us in abrogating the treaty; for by Its terms, taken literally, we have no escape in times of peace or war? And such considerations must at least make us mora charitable toward those who attack a literal reading of sflie treaty, armed as they assert with the "rule of reason." The treaty ia certainly an unfortunate on for ua, but it can hardly he said that the consequence to ua produced by a literal reading of It are so absurd as to warrant us in doing violence to its language. Walter. II, Brca . Bil.Tiuona, Md,, December 2. Th Price of Milk. To Tim Rditob or Tub .sra-lr; four and a half rents a quart from this date It not the highest price for milk that has been paid the producer. The exchange price was Hi rents la November, toil. nsaaiN riuru, niCKBNSirg, N. J Deeember I. On a Can f Sardines. Sweet nsht Yanked young from out their native brine, To mllKty this appitlte of mlnsl Ah, well 1 know you cannot choose, Un ran, Hut hold emplrkled minnows killed by mini On tome dust ridden shelf you patient lie Till sounds Uio quick lunch or the plrnlo cry: Yet. can. my ronicience bids me think It wrong To do up Din that might hs lived so long; i weuia not pieau tor outer thingk marine, Dut, n, I weep for thee, young canned lardlnel Dog Aetna, VIIII.lt l. illOlt IX CAXNEMES. ' . T,,e mll,,,r' KxpUlnetl Former " VOrKlIl; 1HIJ. To hik riuiott oi' ' iik Scn .Sir' 'l here i.,. i...... i.i.. .n r , i, .," ,,-r-u it'ii-MMi-miiii! uip'i'ii'.iiuii yjt itnu t , ..1.11.1 fi -.-!""" ""villi- KUMieu my kiioiuo irum h iiersoual examination of tho subject from tho viewpoint of that very unpopular citi zen tho largo employer of labor. 'I ho canning season in New York fitato opens In June mid closes with the killing fruits about November I. This gives the canuers u season of flvn months In which In . secure the ecason's pack. In consequence !U8 various factories an Idle for seven '""" fire, both Items creating a largo expense, with no return, A few clerks and laboring men are employed on the premises during this Idio senson, Hut with the warm days of middle June the peas begin to mature, and once started they como with a rush. The factory of which I have special knowledge uses the product of g.ooo acres, running each year over 410,000 cases of goods, about lSO.OuO of which nre peas. The labor to handle this pea crop will not be found waiting employment at the factory doors, It must be arranged for months ahead. It I In most cases Italian labor, and if It were not that these Italians can be secured I doubt If this great Industry which means so much to the food consuming pub lic could be maintained, A padrone Is found who agrees to produce I from the larger cities a certain number of Italian families, In the earlier part of June theso families arrive by the tralnlond, bag and bnggage, old and young, married und single, mothers with blnck eyed bam blnoa t tho breast, stocky, swarthy boy and girls, all eager to see the country, to Play In the soil nnd In the sunshine. There Is mulutulned u village of sharks or rude tenements, like miners' houe, for these people The padrone settles them and they are eager for business. They like this work. It Is a picnic for them, n ur lval of the hop picking wanderings of the European peasant. There Is a sclioolhouse in this new Italian village, with n schoolmistress employed by the factory to teach nil tin; children who will go to school. Meanwhile tho peas pour Into tho factory The day nre long. Much must be done quickly, and as nearly every body works by the Job, or piece work, as It I called, tho longer tho day the better, be cause then the morn money can be made, No sooner do the pea vine turn yellow than the bean crop comes along, and beans have to be picked by hand. So whole families move out Into the open field and gather bean, I havo watched them often, Let us say a family consists of the mother and father, n boy of twenty, a girl of six teen, n couple of children from eight to twelve and a baby They will all be in the Held, for everybody but the baby can pick beans, and thuadd to the common fund. I.et It be understotxl hero thnt no one hires them children, They st their parents at their own volition. MUn nil children, thev work part of the time and play the ret. They roll about like young dogs iu the soft earth and the baliies sleep all day long, 'I his I the child labor you hear so much about Theso children do not work In the factories near machinery. What a pitiable picture for the dellcnto imagination, thoe tired children In the fields! When I was 7 I picked isitntoes all day long. I raked after the haret wagon. I pulled weeds 1 followed a stone boat and picked up hard head from the soil. When 1 was 13 I cut down tree iii the wood and loaded the log on a rtfelgh. with the aid of a brother who was Id Then we cut this wood up Into stove wood, for ws had no father and no hired man. Wo worked harder than these Italian boy and girls all our childhood, and those ore the day of my life that I love to remember. The puling sentimentalists who are attack ing the canners aro attacking civilization. There Is a fcult arising In this country which considers toll u curse and delfles idleness and a shallow education If it were not for theso canning factories Italian laborers in the cities would lose their annual holiday in the country. They would lose a chance for profitable employment at a kind of labor they love If they could not take their children they could not leave the cities. The children work simply to keep them out of mischief, and hen either father, mother, son or (laughter Is tired th&y knock off for the day They are absolutely their own masters. I have talked with thee people They are a healthv, well fed, happy go lucky set In the evenings they play musical Instru ments and they dance and slug, They are a necessity of the canning industry, for the American boys and girl arc too nice to work iu the field any more. The social uplift ha got them. Wo see thousands of them In the choruses of our city theatres. As to wages, thee people are paid the high est poslile wage, and many make enough In the Ave months lo live on the whole of the year. The profit to the manufacturer on canned vegetables Is from one-half cent a ran to a cent nnd a half Quantity alone makes the profit. ' This 1 certainly an age of busybodles I wonder do tho American people ever stop to realla thut these social upllfters are one of the chief causes of the high cost of living. If they had their way a can of tomatoes Instead of costing I'i cents would cost at least JO cents, This Is the Insvltabte result of their endeavors Director, New Yobk, December 2. A Had nnMnran. To Tnr. KtilsoH or Tnr. Scn -.Mr.- The hoy he turned Iirtgam. When my c rorrrlri came up on the ritimhwaller Wednesday morning I found on the shelf beside the basket a boy's rap. I thought at llrst ome other delivery .boy had ihumn lhl boy's tap on the ttiimbwalirr for a Joke, hut In the rap I found a scrap of paper on wlilih was written a reminder that this was TuunkftgUhif ; the hoy was looking for me to end down In his rap a nickel or a dime; and I put In a nickel, as other people did, nume of them more It Is a rustom that has come Into lnrralng vogue within theipsst few ears. Yesterday all thedrlUery tiny,' or nearly all, tent up their rapt In this way and we put somethlhg In each; In a way we had lo. ' Some of the things they wrote on the papers were humorou. hut It was all unpleasant Just the same. I used to think that in this country we were all free and Independent, one man as good as another, and all that, but heac are the bey turned beggars, taking lips. It's a bad business. Honsiiiiri. llnoon.TN, November 30. Maryland, Our Maryland. To the Editor or Tun Sck -fllr; New York's a funny town. Here's Oscar Ratntnersteln pro claiming himself the apostle of opera In Kngllsh, language he does not speak. With the greatest harbor In the world, your merchants are racing around to boom up trade, while the authorities are trying to restrict the length of piers and shut out Immense shins that sny other city would give Its eyes to get Ana your music, rrtuc make themselves ridiculous by storming at every new singer who threatens the supremacy of the old favorites who ring the same old operas In the tame old way with the same old cnery, New Yotk needn't feel so sore because Phila delphia, got Tllta ItuITu, It was her own fault. Telnuxlnl may have her faults, but she can sing In circles all around, above and below any soprano In the Metropolian. 'There's no need uv argyln' ag'ln a success." A 1-ooxia On. DiLTlilOBl, ltd., December 1. A Great Word Unknown In a Great Mat. To Tits DniToa or Thb 8tut-Wr: Araln tou have us searching the dictionaries and again the "dictionaries are "guessing," llererrlng to your vigorous editorial article the other day "Shop llarly," may I ask, What I a "spug" and why! It sounds as If It might add another Inv in TtunksgUmg Day, If that were possible, In tho Old Hay Htate, horns of Kugen Noble Fua and Adellnr-Monry-rita. O 3 H raix llivii, Utss., Novtosbtr Ms MOSEY MARKET RELIEF. The Abandonment of Dally Settlement In Vlntl Ntrcct Mould Insure It. To tttr HniTon or Tnn at'.v Sir! In a recently published nrllelo by Secretary MaoVengli on the relations) between the Treasury nnd our banking system and the resulting evils thero Is n statement that has been recognized ns true for tnuny yenrs br all students of tho subject. Coining from such an authorllntlvn source It should have conslderablo effect In hastening the application of u remedy to thn evils under which our cotinlryins labored so long. Ilu says that among those evil nre: The recurrent ordinary Hrlnrcncles In the money marke.1, "which keep relations heturen the bankers and business men of the country almost continuously at sixes and sivens." Also "the tendency which forces our bank balanres Into speculative channels, keeping tliem from regular trade and commerce." Thero Is n step In the way of relief hy lh New York Htock llxclmngi) that would go far to remove tho evil In theo two di rections; a change In Its manner of deal ing from dally settlements to methods according with those prevailing In the other principal financial markets of the world, llecauso of thn present sysletii u billion dollars must always bo kept "oti tap" In the immediate vicinity of the Slock Exchange. This great amount ould be distributed among thu bifluess interest throughout the country. It would bo re leased liy the proposed change. This matter should be seriously con sidered by the members of the exrhaiue und by the banking institutions Imme diately Interested. A liirgo majority of both classes declared themselves In favor of the proposition when It was presented more than twenty-fire years ago. I am confident that It would lie found effective and would be of great general benefit. Ei-Mr.Miii.s. New Yore, November 30, "THE STVItY OF OEllMAS." A Card of Tbanki-l'rom the Killlor of the "Seir-llduealnr." To Tnr. Ennoii op TlIK Ht'N Sir- Permit me to thank you for the editorial article "Th Study of Oermnn" which Tiik Scn showed on November IS concen.ing my publication "tlertnati on n Trip to Cermany " I appreciate this article much the more ns I know that you would not dedicntesn much of your most valuable space to n matter of small Importance, Let me, however, call your attention to the fact that what you quote a a conversa tion carries in my manual the beading "Ex ercise." An attentive render will always notice thnt As a conversation, of course, those sentences would not be well selected, but as nn exerclo they will iippeur in a dif ferent light, The object of thee exercise I to famil iarise the etudent with the words of the vocnbulnry nnd to drill him In the applica tion of the grammatical rule given In the "Note" Thus the sentence "'I his I n ship' ha been selected to show the only neuter noun so far Introduced with the In definite nrticlo In the nominative singular. I find much satisfaction in the fact that you quote a part of the first leon thnt Is of minor Importance and give it so much of your most valuable space. It puzzles me what you would do with tho most essenll.i. part, the Text. lam glad that, although unintentionally, I have given you an opportunity to amuse the renders of your publication, and I hope that in reading the next number of the Self-Ediieatnr you will find more oppor tunities to do so, Max Ilir.sciirixntn. Hcraston', Pa., December 2. REAL iirCKWIIEAT CAKES. The Constituent Parts or the Hatter as Mixed In New I Finland. To the Editor or The HvsSin If "D." and "William Ilyrnes," whoso letters I no ticed in TllK.SL'X of November 30. nill follow the few simple directions which I give they may have buckwheat cakes very much "like those mother used to make" I'ut one l'leischmnnn's compressed yeast cake in half a cup of lukewarm water nnd stir until it l.s dissolved. Sift together two cups of genuine buckwheat IJour, half n cup of wheat flour, half n cup of Indian meal mid one tenspoonfiil of salt. Add the yeast and enough lukewarm water to make a batter of the consistency of "molasses in January ' A pitcher holding two iiuurts, to allow for rising, nnd n wooden spoon will bo found aluablo aids. Tlm batter should be mixed ut night. Just before bed time, und should Ik) covered and set to rise in a moderately warm place. '1 hen It will bo found ready to baku for bre,ikfat 1 Just Is'fiire bnkini; odd one tablespoon f ill of molases to tho batter, to give tho cakes n delightful brown Havo thn griddle lightly but completely greased, und hut but not to the scorching point iiud thu success of the cakes is assured l.ncli morning save three or four tnblespoimluls of the batter "for seed," to which add tho flour the following night 111 the proixiitiims al ready given In this wuy tho yenst will bo good for at least a week Hut lifter the doc mid morning it will l well to ndd to the batter. jut liefore baking, 11 pinch of bak ing soda, u scant iiuurter of n tenspoonfiil, thoroughly dissolved Iu n little hot water. This Insures the sweetness of the cnltes It roes without suing that tho cakes should be eaten right off the griddle If pos sible. Any pnnenkes becomo soggy if al lowed to stand long. It. t'cnrm, lUr.rrotii), t'oiin., December 1. Yeast l'urrnrs anil other Itinerants of Old Times. To THK. Klinon of Tun St N- .Sir.- To a plaintive imiuiry in n letter to Tiik Scn where brewers' yeast, a component of the batter for buckwheat cakes, I obtainable, 1 reply that I don't know, but I think It safe to say that many of us have not fully suc ceeded In digesting the old flannel cakes nnd sausages even unto Ibis day. Itecollection Is revived of thn purveyors of thn yeat, say, fit! y yeurs ago or even less. They w ero native born and plied their occupation only lute in tho afternoons and after nightfall, m'uking tho welkin ring with their clarion note, Their stock wns can led in two cedar pails, all wood, inclusive of bails and hoops, and theso cssels were larger in diameter at bottom than ut top A broad, easy yoho of wood rested on the shoulders from which the palls were suspended, and tho carriers were thus free to beat their hands together for warmth or form thorn, into a trumpet to roar their wares to appreciative house wives. Thev were nkln to the itinerant oysterman, similarly enulpiiod execut that h carried in tin palls thu bivalves (or thn immediate delectation of our people during tho winter's evening. Them gentlemen also had voices as powerful us that of Provi dence, Then the honey man with his huge oval shaped crockery dish poiod Jauntily on his head, naught wavering during his move ments in hls reverheratlng dnmnnd for purchaser. Following hint, the soup fat buyer, tolling under his heavy and riincld load, and the negro chimneysweep, nnd the but what's the use? "I'is to laugh nt, not to deplore, the passage oftho ghostly procession of nu older New York, Nkw Yor., November 29. Time Was. Boks That Would Help a Castaway. To tub i:ditoh or tub Hnsir: I quite agree with your Oklahoma correspondent. To be able to read only "The Trench Devolution" on a desert Island would but Increa&e one's misery. Were I a castaway I should want to have a humor ous book In my possession, Life being Janui faced the humorist lesta his characters with a double mask, for humor Is the revelation of the dual aspect of life, pathos ns well as fun. I don't meyin I'd like to have a book hy a "funny man." He can only show you one side of life at a time: the humorist ran show both I'd like to view life In IU eternal contradiction, aud dwell over the fact that It was not 1 Mho ought to Have been cast away but my friend Jones. Any one can make himself miserable over dabs of black Ink on white paper, but I should want amusement, some book after the style of "Onco on board the lugger and she Is mine," or a story about Noah looking out of the window, exclaiming, "Dear me I Why, If raining," while Mrs. Noah la selied with the Idea of writing a novel about the whole oc currence, and the world Kearchc for its um brella, ny the time I'd read the bonk n hundred Urae the strong thoughts I should most probably put forth would bring a ship to look for me and that, I'm sure, "Th Krench Itovolutlon" never would do. ZiNi, iraoou.ni, Poccmstr IV UNCLE SAM'S BUDGET TOTALS $1,105,206,963 Iiu'ronsfid Appropriations Asked for Every Department of Government. A KTIFIOTAL LEGS, $85,000 War Voicrnns Need Them En listed Men's Interest on .Savings Is $90,000. WASiuxnroN, r)po. 2. Thnt tho cost of maiutnlulnf! tho Federal (lovornmont in IticroasitiK by lonpn every year Is ahown in tho estimates of appropriations) thnt will bo required for governmental pur IKise In tho fiscal year to begin July I, 1013, n HUlimltted to ConRreiw to-day by tho Secretary of Iho Treasury. The Hepubllcan Secretary of the Treas ury ukI(h the Democratic House to pro vide appropriations for tho varloua de partments in tho now fiscal year footing up Sl.lfx3.srsn.nn3. Last year tho esti mate. UKRrcKnted Jl,OIO,84R,o:. Thn Democrats cut tho estimates and tho resulting appropriations aggregated Sl.mo.-llS.7IO, as compared with f i.026,682, RSI In thu previous year. The Demo cratic leaders will make another effort this year to retrench, but admit that the appropriations will again exceed Si.ooo.noo.rxjo. x Increased appropriations are asked for practically every department of tho Government. Congress itself must havo more money to keep In motion. As npe cial i-essious aro getting to bo pretty nearly nn nnnunl custom, Congress it becomltiK a mighty expensive institu tion. At tho last besslon 112,290,519 w.n appropriated to maintain tho lcgislatlvo brunch of tho Government. An appro priation of $13,20 1. 0S3 Is nsked to keep Congress going In the new year. This increase is needed largely because tho Houso in tho now Congress will consist of 433 members instead of 301 as at pres ent. Khtimates of appropriations desired for other departments are: Interior Department. $228,023,164; War, $211,251,702; Executive, SS20.700; State. $1.1112.012; Treasury. $142,373,870; Terri torial Governments. $130,750; independent oflices, 2,MW,in3; District or Columbia. $I3,II20,SU7; Navy, $151,301,577; Tost Olllce. S2isl.701.5as; Agriculture, $23,078,430; Com merce nnd Uibor, $10,873,261; Justice, $!0,70S,3.N7. At tho loginning of tho last session tho navy n.skcd for a little, more than $r.'0.ooo,lKK). Tho increase asked this year is duo to tho recommendation or tho ' Kecrolnry of tho Navy that Congres-i authorize tho construction of threo now battleships nt a cost of $15,000,000 each. Another big item in tho book of osli mates this year Is that relating to pen sions. At tho last session an appropria tion of $184,725,000 was made on thi account. As a result of the passage or tho Sherwood act the amount now needed for tensions totals $l5.220.O00. To contimio work on the Panama Canal an appropriation of $30,174,432 Is nsked, us compared with tho estimate of $31. 305,000 submitted at the last session. To begin work on tho fortifications of th" canal heretofore authorized by Congress un item of $0,760,000 is included. For the improvement of rivers and harlsirs nn estimate of $38,785,002 is in eluded, as compared with $40,455,820 last t-enslon. Seven million dollars are asked for tho building of irrigation works in the arid regions of the West. The c.xcnseH of tho postal service have increased iu nearly evory department. Increased appropriations are asked for clerks, curriers and other employees. The item for inland transportation of the mails is fixed at $40,601,000, as com pared with the estimate of $47,846,OOU submitted a year ago. For the railway mail service the sum $24,000,000 is asked. An item of $23,000 for the travel ex-l-enses of tho President is embraced In tlie estimates. An increase from $200,000 tri $300.00.1 for enforcing tho anti-trust laws is asked by tho Department of Justice. For sup piession of tho white slave t radio $200,000 is asked. Arms, ammunition and subsistence of tho army and navy add millions mora to Uncle Sun's expense account. For continuing tho Commerce Court $34,(J()0 is asked, but will probably be re fused by tho Democratic Administration, Other items aro: Eight thousand dollars for euro and proiugation of Alaskan reindeer, $3,r.l'! for care of Senate bathrooms, $11,000 for the leper colony on Guam Island, 1I(KI,(I for a dairy for naval cadets at Atmavolis, $100 for rejmirs to Oeorco Washington's birthplace at Wnkefleld, Va.; $200 for re jiairs to the house in which Abrahnm Lincoln died in Washington und $:,rro for artificial limbs for war veterans. Tho bust item is $30,000 under this year's account Jiecuuso of tho decrease in pensioners, Another reguest is for $90.(XI to pay interest on enlisted men's ImnUini; deposits with nrmy and nuvy paymasters. Incroaso of tho "secret fund" of tho diplomatic, service from $50,000 to SOO.onO is reuested, For tho urmy aviation corps $loo,non is nsked, as compared with" $lo,ooo lust your. Navy hydroplane K-rvlce work will cost only $10,000 next year, it isestimatod. Tlie Department of Agriculture esti mates include $300,onu for suppressing the Southern cattle "tick," $8,R00 for experi ments in making desert cactus available for stqpk food, $I07.20H to light the cotton boll weevil,' $200,000 to light forest Iftes, $743,000 for enforcing tho pure food laws, $371,000 for eradicating fruiMfml vegetable pests, parasites und insects and $2,857,000 for tho puhlla health service, including $409,MKt to fight epidemics, An Increase of $1,400,000 to a total of $8,814,000 for post office building additions and improvements is requested. Hie principal expenditures required are; Host on, $410,000; Minneapolis, $200,000; Muskogee, $105,000; Newark, Ohio, $100,000; Now Orleans, $157,000, and Washington, $070,000. A now appropriation asked is $300,000 for tho moat Inspection service. N'o money was appropriated for that work this year. Fow salary increases or general in creases in other expenditures are tug- ....... ...1 1. . I. . Ajki 1., hOTi"i 'J um iiuvn iiuiv-iib uiuuuiin, Submission of the estimates to-day was a trial adoption of President Taft's idea for a general annual budget similar to tho Ilritish national budget. E. A. MERRiTT SWORS IV. Ki-npcakrr Takes nearer V, Malby'a Heal, la Cangrrss. WahiiInqton, Deo 2. Four new mem bers of the House wore awom in at the opening session to-day, Tho oath was administered to E. A. Merrttt of the Twenty-sixth Now York district, who wan elected to succeed to tho vacancy created by tho death of Ilopresentutivo Ocorgo V. Mnlby. Iowis T. Morgan of Louisiana suc ceeded tho luto ltepresontatlve Wick llffe, A, O. Hart of New Jersey succeeded William Hughes, who was nominated for the Senate by tho Democrats in tlm recent election, nnd Georgo I!. Bcotl of Iowa succeeded tho luto Hopruscutativ Hubburd. 1 MM l 'ilBk-BBI - L 1