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THE SUN, MONDAY, AUGUST 9, 1915.
MONDAY, AI'Gl'ST 0, 1015.
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del atreet, Strand.
Parla offlca, ltue da la Mlchodlere. oft
Rue du Quatra Feptembre.
Washington olhce, Hlbbs nulldlng.
Brooklyn omce, 106 Uvlngiton street.
our frlenit who favor mi irlfA maeu
tcripti and IlluHratloni or puhllcatton
to nave rtlttttd arttclr returned then mutt
in alt nun und ilwii'i tor that tmrpoie.
Port snd Starboard Patriotism.
Dr. C. J. Hkxauer of rhlladplpula,
who Is Gerniiiu ou the !rt mul Amer
ican on tho starboard side of his
hyphen nnd who has been presiding
over hyphenated Oolngs on u lari:e
rtcnle out lu Sun Francisco, confessed
in an address that lie is not proud of
bia country thai Is of his starboard
country. It Is because of the war
munitions commerce.
"A nation," sulci tho excellent Herr
Doctor, speaking for port as opposed
to starboard patriotism, "which prays
for peace on Sundays and supplies
Kngland with arms and ammunition
11 the rest of the week Is, to say the
least, hypocritical."
Thlsispretty severe, but not one whit
too severe on a nation neutral that
would sell arms to a nation belliger
ent, even with or without a weekly
day off for prayer. Of course not
an ounce of explosives or a weapon
of any sort has been sold by the
United States to Kngland or any other
of the countries at war. On the con
trary, very rigid measures have been
taken to prevent so much as one of
our discarded Krae rifles reaching
the belligerents. American merchants
and manufacturers, on the other hand,
have been doing and are likely to
continue doing a roaring business In
evlllng war munitions- to first comers
on the market, n business from which
many of Dr. Hlxamlb's sagacious
fellow hyphenates have no doubt
made substantial profits by judicious
attention to the stock markets. All
this, It should be hardly necessary to
My, is quite another matter from .1
nation engaging In such t radio. Of
course Dr. IIexamer knows this, and
that makes It nil the more regrettable
that bis looseness of language should
contribute to the already too great
confusion of thought on an extremely
Irritating topic.
But perhaps Dr. Hexami.r's own
mental' lucidity may temporarily leave
something to be desired in the stress
of these exciting days. For Instance.
In the same address he says: "From
the way most war reports read wo
might Just as well tear up the Dec
laration of Independence and become
loyal subjects of King George."
Not a bit of It, not u bit of It, Hen
Doctor. Wo got through with King
Georges for good and all many' n year
ago, and all the vast supplies of not
only munitions but of men as well
our last George was able to buy so
freely on the continent f Kurope for
our destruction here at home were
not sufficiently potent te keep us his
loyal subjects.
It really is to be feared that the
excellent Herr Doctor's port boiler Is
little overheated.
The. Bells of War.
The.great bell of the Cathedral of
fit. Stephen, Vienna, cast from cap
tured Turkish cannons more than
two centuries ago, is to return to war
s an Austrian "skoda," a 4'J centl
meter mortar, big calibre shells or
shrapnel. The church has given this
treasure to be melted up as part of
the war metal collection.
Here is another of the reversions
t former times that the war has dis
closed; to the days when he who com
tqanded the bell commanded the town,
when the conqueror Melted down bells
for ammunition or the conquered saw
his cannons cast into bells. Hells have
had a great part 1n war, they have
summoned soldiers to arms, and they
have rung over triumph and defeat.
The old bells of Chester Cathedral
rang tho victory of Trafalgar and the
death of Nelson, "after every peal a
single booming note of grief." An
other old English bell, cracked uuder
the strain of Waterloo rejoicing, was
recast and relnscrlbed, "I rang tho
downfall of rtuonnparte, and broke."
Some of the famous French bells
were melted down for gun metal In
the Revolution. Many of the bells
of Belgium, renowned as a land of
hells and where were tho finest prod
ucts of the art In its prime, havo al
ready met the fate of the tocsin of
Kt. Stephen. Old "Itnland," tho bil
of Ghent, that sounded only vlclnry,
nnd the 000 year old "llnnidn" of
Antwerp, proclaimed neither their
rlty's danger nor fall.
The Great Growler, "die grnsse
Bruninierln." of St. Stephen weigh
only seventeen tons, not much when
II Is remembered that if Itussla too
U ' (1 . . r. . 1 . 1 , 1 . . . .
no iv uiuii uii uer ueiis uuo con u
And In Moscow one that weighs 180
tons and another 12S tons. Old St.
Stephen's bell In times past could
have made n small battery of Artil
lery. To-day It would furnish only
a third of the material of n 42 centi
meter mortar, and as the shell used
In this monster gun is five feet long
nnd weighs three-quarters of n ton.
It would not even go far as Ammu
nition. "These shells." It Is said, "kill
every one within 150 yards and many
further off"; rifle barrels melt as
If struck by lightning; men who dis
appear In such explosion "nre re
ported ns missing, as there Is no proof
of their death." The old bell comes
down to woful bus-Incus from the tower
where it has so long pealed only
peace.
Benjamin F. Tracy.
More than sixty years of useful
ncss the late Benjamin F. Tracy
iiavo In nn unsclllsh spirit to bi
country. This generation has to be,
told that he was a pioneer of the lie-1
publican party In New York. As Dis
trict Attorney in Tioga county lnj
18.M, being then n young man of -I, (
he promoted the first mass meeting
to elect delegates to the convention
at which the ltcpubllcan party In this
State was organized. The orator of
the Tioga gathering was David Wil
mot of Pennsylvania, author of the
famous proviso. Young Tracy drove
forty miles in a buggy to invite him
tvj speak. Of Wilmot General Tracy
said long afterward; "He was a tine
man, very serious and sincere, nt
particularly humorous, but Just
adapted to reach tho convictions of
our people." The description would
havo fitted Benjamin F. Tracy him
self during all his public service. He
came of the hardy, enduring Ameri
can stock that took Its politics seri
ously, and, loyal to its convictions,
was ever ready to tight In the Iat
ditch for them.
It Is not surprising that the "Whig
boy" who went Into jvolltlcs befow
he could vote and after helping M
organize the Republican party en
listed fnr tho war tn iibnllalr Mlnrorr
ii ml save the Union was a partisan)
to the end of his days, always one o'j
tho Old (iuard and a conservative)
distrusting the new school of reform,
with Its indifference to the safeguards'
of the Constitution. Hut If General
Tracy was a partisan no one cuTj
douuieu ins intellectual uonesty or
Inpugned his courage. His loyalty to
associates was sometimes thought n
fault, but he knew no other way of
fighting for n cause. Character could
never be denied him. He was an old
Unman, and while men inleht differ
with him they could not but res-peel1
him. He was always one of the robut '
figures In the Itepubllcan party of tin? I
State and nation, and In every crisis
UkNJAMiN F. Tbcy was a genuine I
American. j
As Secretary of the Navy General
Tracy rendered the country an lnef
tlmable service, for It was during
his administration that the battle
ships Indiana, Massachusetts, Oregon
and Iowa nnd the cruisers New York,
llroolilyn. Columbia and Minneapolis,
which played so prominent a part In
the war with Spain, were authorized.
He was one of the earliest and mo.t
vigorous advocates of an adequate j
navy. l or this alone his memory
should be endeared to a people who
find themselves now confronted with
the stern necessity of preparing the
country for the arbitrament of war
lest It be overwhelmed In its weak
ness In an evil hour.
The Hand on the Steering Wheel
nd the Foot on (he Pave.
The reMrt that thirty-four persans
were killed In the city streets by au
tomblles In June Is disquieting te au
extent not Indicated by the numerical
measure, though It Is more than ono
death a day; not even because It
shows a startling increase over the
death score of Juue, 1014, for auto
mobile accident records do not rise
and fall In fixed relation to any de
terminable factor but because the
annual exaction of the gasoleae Jug
gernaut exists at all.
lu every ono of those thirty-four
fatal cases, ns In hundreds that were
not fatal, it is altogether likely that,
however Inevitable the crash at the
moment of Its happening, there was
negligence or fate defying reckless
ness by some one that contributed,
entirely avoidably, to the Inevitable
nes, and for which there can be
named no explanation save that of
criminal or Insane readiness to "take
a chance," and, flatly, no excuse. The
fact that the fellow who expresses
readiness to take the chanco gener
ally escapes with n wholo skin while
the broken bones belong to the fellow
who did not mean to take cbaaces at
all ought to operate upon the public
mind In two ways; to stimulate it
to Insistence on Ironclad, restricting
control of the agencies of disaster,
and to encourage greater prudence
in the first person, singular.
Control of the mall van, empty per
haps nnd plaything of u speed bitten
driver; of the private car rushing the
"ingiiate" to The Street In the morn
ing ami back to his home or club at
night; of the taxi dashing to catch a
patron's- (ruin or to save the loss of
tlvo minutes at a tango party; of tho
private chauffeur "Hiking her out"
without his employer's knowledge nnd
leasing his breathless, ecstatically
soared lady friend with a performance
on "the high"; reasonably complete
control of thexo menaces Is In tho
power of the police. They cannot make
the financier rise earlier, but they can
make the penalty of tardiness his
Instead of the Innocent bystander's.
They cannot make the traveller start
In time, but they can makn him miss
bis train Instead of endangering other
riders or foot passengers.
F.rror should bo stopped at Ihu
source. Tho recklessness of some com
petent drivers is ono source,, and It is
susceptible of pollen conlrol or nt
least severe restraint. Incompetence
Is another source, nnd tho llcenso Issu
ing agency can check lis oiilllow with
the sluices of discriminating exami
nations and stern censorship of gaso
lene aspirations. No untested hand,
no hnnd of "a child, nn untrained
amateur, a neurasthenic, nn excitable
person or a weakling," ns tho Health
Department competently expresses It,
should be permitted to touch the start
ing lever or the steering wheel.
The llrst safeguard of the public
afoot against the public nwheel would
be n well enforced code of "trnfllc
rules" for pedestrians. Hut when this
great, clumsy, stupid, Irresponsible,
Irrepressible, laughable nnd lovable
ever dodging family of Father Knick
KRnoctfF.R becomes sensible nnd care
ful nnd submissive to Intelligent meas
ures for Its protection against Its own
blundering, obstinate self, men will
have attained Immortality, and the
snorting, screeching, fuming, plunging
automobile will have no more power
to slny.
Meanwhile It is the part of the wise
and practical Individual with no long
ing for early Investigation of the mys
teries back of the beyond to walk cir
cumspectly, that he may lose a minute
and save n leg.
An American Pledge.
In psychology ns In the practical
affairs of life It seems to be true
that: In union there Is strength. As
the churches havo n Day of l'rayer,
a day certainly of reflexive If not of
visible objective beneficial effect, Tin:
Sun ventures to hint that the spine
of patriotism may bo stiffened by a
Day of Kesolve, when every loyal
American may bind himself, In some
such form ns Is herewith tentatively
suggested, to the application of hU
Individual Influence to promotion of
the common fortunes:
"l, John smith, citizen, by birth or
by solemn oath of allegiance, of the
I'nlted States of America, do resolve
from henceforth to avoid tho pessimis
tic necllaienc, unmanly surrender of
prerogative nnd unjust default of civic
duty thnt kIvb opportunity to the
demagogue, the disloyal propagandist,
tho organized strength of 'pacHlat'
weakness ; to oppose, ao far ny In my
power lies, the civic heresies of hypo
critical or blind Idealism and the
treachery that would send Uncle Sam,
armed with a broken bladed J.ickknlfe,
Into International ways where highway
men lurk; to support my party to far
as It promises to uphold unspotted the
American flag;, to defend American
rights and protect American citizens;
to endeavor to purify It of factional
ism and error, and In every way, by re
straint of seld'h Impulse nnd cultiva
tion ot sanity with cournge, to con
tribute to fnr ns I may to th spread
of true Americanism in this time ot
test. I shall earnestly and unceasingly
endeavor to keep my heart straight on
my shoulders nd not twist the other
fellow's neck because he Is not looking
In the direction I do."
Terhaps It will not be thought Im
pertinent to direct a special adjura
tion to Democrats. Being n Democrat
has always been exciting. To-day
that peculiar condition of political al
legiance parenthetic to the major rela
tion of Federal citizenship offers un
matched opportunity for level headed
Americanism, or Ignoble and mis
chievous un-Aracrlcan Influence in thy
complex of civic forces out of -which
Is Inevitably to emerge n fate In ter
restrial relntlous for the I'nlted
Stntes of America. Necessarily the
determination of that fate for good
or bad depends ii!on the wisdom and
courage of the nation, and at least
until March of 1017 the responsible
privilege of executing the national
will devolves upon the Democratic
party as agent.
There will be politics, bitter poli
tics, even In the settlement of the
problem of national defence; but woe
unto that man through whom politi
cal obstruction comes. The snake
warmed In the bosom of the Adminis
tration has wriggled into the open;
there let It be scotched, the menace
of BTynnlsm. The direct way Is for
the constituencies of gentlemen who
will represent in the next Congress
the opposition wing of the party In
power to let their representatives
know that the Interpartlsan and In
trnpartlsan rivalries nnd Jealousies
that gave them electoral charter are
suspended In the Interest of the com
mon welfare of the united citizens of
these I'nlted States.
Make your resolution nowt
Carrama's Plea for Re cognition.
It Is uufortunnte for General Caii
ra.nza that while with ono hand he
pens a statement to persuade the
United States Government that he
should be reeogn!7Tfl as Provisional
1'rpsldpnt, with the oilier hand he
gives the Guatemalan Minister to
Mexico, Dr. .Ipan .1. ()Rrr.n, his pass
ports without assigning any reason
for the act. An explanation offered
but not by Don Vkni'stiano, who
maintains n dignified sllcucu ns usual
Is that by Joining In Ihu eonfo.--ence
which President Wilson culled
In Washington Guatemala has sinned
against the light and Its Minister Is
persona non grata.
By the same token, other Spanish
American nations must be lu bad
odor with the General. Of course
It Is no secret that nny undertaking
by American Governments to com
pose differences In Mexico mid bring
the hitherto Irreconcllnbles together
would bo resented by the self-control
bend of tho Cnrranza clan. On this
subject sumo Insldn Information may
be expiated from the Brazilian Min
ister to Mexico, Seflor Omvpira, who
has Irron representing the Interests
of the I'nlted States at the capital
and Is now departing, for reasons
thnt may soon nppenr.
. As Mlnlstcr of vForelgn Affairs Gen
oral Carran.a, who combines all offi
cial functions In himself, seems to
bo In n chronic stnto of protest nnd
rosenttiTrnt against tho outside world.
His suspicions color every proposal
made tn him. Does the United .States
npproach him alone or In union with
tho ABC Governments nnd nny
others, It Is nil the name: his gorge
rises nnd he- glares spitefully through
his spectacles. There Is no com
promise In the mnn.
This attitude antagonizes those
who would like to help him, nnd It
Is difficult to bellevo thnt n leader
who Is always ready to quarrel with
the rest of America can ever bo ac
cepted by the Mexican faetlonlsts, In
cluding some of those In his own
household. His plea for recognition
Is based on tho assumption that
Vknurtiano Carrasza Is nlono fitted
to recommend reforms to Congress
for the welfare of Mexico, nnd that
therefore he must not bo Interfered
with. Ills statement Is n challenge
tn those Mexicans who oppose him
us well ns n defiance of the I'nlted
States nnd Its associated nations.
The IVnnsylvanlan who paid a gro
cery hill after remorse had burdened
his mind for fifty-five years must
have a conscience with a cement
foundation.
Tho French General Staff may find
OcsTAVK llEnvr) somewhat of n. nui
sance at times, but he strikes n. true
note when he takes n rrave view of
the Hiioslan reverses nnd warns his
countrymen ngalnst "golni: to sleep
under laurels, nlready faded, which
were won for us by our troops eleven
months oro on the banks of the
Marne."
C.inal slide holds up big tourist ship
uKHnr.
Was tbo union of the oceans only
n trial marriage?
Two citizens of Kentucky perform
ing their duties nt the primary polls
were shot tn dentil ln.t week by en
thusiastic partisans. This form of the
preprlmary even the most devoted
supporters of that engine of virtue
will not long to see generally en
forced. On Saturday the witnesses to a
firooklyn street car accident raided
the cry "I.ynch the motorman!" Proof
positive that the midsummer madness
Is on the town. Ilcfore It Is overcome
we confidently expect a visit from
our faithful friend the "Wave of
Crime."
PA TERSON'S PLAYGROUNDS.
Certain Allegations Concerning Them
Challenged.
To the HoiTon or Tin SUN Sir.- A
recent letter from a Newark writer to
The Sun, copied editorially by a New
ark paper and later commented upon
by I'aterson papers, contains such nb
curd statements regarding I'aterson nnd
some of Its ollldals thnt I trust you will
allow a correction, with no Intention vt
ideating a controversy.
The statement was made that Park
Commissioner Fletcher regards super
vised piny ns "tommyrot." It Is also
alleged that the playgrounds under the
conlrol of the Itecreatlon Commission
were deserted, Most ridiculous of nil,
It Is vairl that the newly created
playground In Pennington Park, which
has been there for yenrs, cost the city
i.bout J12 a week.
If Commissioner Fletcher regarded
supervised and organized play as "tom
myrot" ho would not bo doing his duty
hi allowing thu present condition of nf
f.ilrn In Pennington Park to continue.
Theto nro dozens and dozens of nicely
printed nnd framed sign In Pennington
Park showing tho rules nnd scheduled
hours fur different kinds of piny. The
Instructor In chargo Is .i student of th
Springfield Training College, the great
est training school for playground work
e: In America nt this time. This In
structor is assisted by n rather promi
nent athlete in coaching the tios nnd
by a woman In the supervision of girls.
Ho also has two supervisors or Instruc
tors, technically called "life guards,"
whose duties include Instruction In
swimming. Chief Hinisou's already
scanty police force 1m called upon to
furnish two patrolmen to maintain or
der. If Commissioner Fletcher con
ceives supervision ns "tommyrot" he
could well be accused of "dry rot" to
allow the present system In his pet proj
ect to continue.
As a matter nf fact I can affirm that
representatives of the park Commission
approached two members of the Itecrea
tlon Commission's stnn and offered them
positions, in one case at a considerable
Increase over what the Newark corre
spondent calls nn already decent salary.
During tho three weeks ending July
30 the small yards nt School 23 nnd
-Monument Heights playground nccom
modated 4I.04G children and adults. Last
summer Pennington Park In flfty-otie
days entertained 27,1 06, and Pennington
Park then had two Instructors In play
ground activities.
If Pennington Park playground costs
tho city about $12 a week, who pays
the Interest on the $n,nno spent and
being spent lit playground Improvements?
Wlin pays the salaries of the Instructor
In charge it Is moro than $12 a week -his
two assistants, his two "llfo guarrta"
and th city police1
One has only to visit all tho play
grounds In I'aterson to sec that Com
missioner Fletcher Is not practising the
theory that supervised play is "tommy
rut," that tho other playgrounda are not
diserled while Pennington Park is open,
and that, regardless of what group or
whose ideas are best In creating recrea
lion, the kids nf I'aterson nre happier
this season than ever before.
II. M. nt!T!.ER.
PATrnsov, N. J., 'August 7.
The KeaJ Benefit at the Speednaj.
To tbc F.pitos or Tiie ScsSir; far
fear Trunk A Ksan's surgetllon in Tnr.
Kin should not elicit-that favorably r
pone 114 wisdom requires from the ipeed
y authorities, I venture to make a email
suggestion for the bmertt of th "ehank's
insre" millions and for hit.
Let us of the vast nujurlly fancy that
though the speednuy was provided by lli.i
city at our expense as a showy theatre
fnr periudlo displays by the fuhlonable
few, au overruling I'rovldenee at no e
pense to us at all actually provides both
the glittering show and the brilliant actors
thereof for the special delectation nf
hnl pollol who may occupy postl dl
tlntl at our own free choice and good
pleasure with esse and utter safety tn
ourselves, I'arkards and riirre. Arrows
thus bscome the property of the poor.
CiirsTr.s, August 6, j. a. M.
IteaJltatlon.
The bloody war roll on
Tn reach the hidden end;
We speak of legions gone,
Hut cannot oomprehend
We rsnnnt grasp the woes
Ho greatly multiplied,
There Is no man who knows
A million men have died.
Hut by the hearts bereft,
The gidvratonea scattered
Ah me, the millions lift
lde.
Who know on man has died I
OlOliAXOlSMB "iVlLION.
UNCLE SAM VS. JOHN BULL.
Mr. Ilertwlg Implies to Ills Three
Critics.
To this KDiron of Tit Hun sir;
Three of your correspondents have dis
sented somewhat tnrlly fiom the views
set forth In my letter of a few days
icgo, nnd I should like to say a word In
reply If you will Indulge me.
It Is charged thnt my parable plays
false to the facts, thnt Oermany renlly
occupies the rote of assailant nnd Kng
lnnd tho role of defender. The com
parison, however, was not drawn with
reference to nny specific net In the con
test between the two, hut with refer
ence to the general nspect of the strug
gle on llio sen. So Interpreted it Is en
tirely sound. One has but to run back
through his newspaper tile to find abun
dant evidence that Kngland's unlawful
abridgment of commercial Intercourse
between Germany and neutral nations
antedated Germany's submarine warfare
by several months. I do not refer of
course to tho present blockade, which
was Instituted after the German proc
lamation of u war JJ)nc About tho
Hrltlsh Isles. Tlut blockade, however,
wus merely an extension, not the com
mencement, of Britain's transgressions.
Her original operations against mer
chant shipping, In disregard of Inter
national law, furnished the provocation
for Germany's submarine operations,
and it is thercforu In exact conformity
to tho facts to describe the submarine
operations as defensive.
In denying that a Judicial character
nttaches to Pres.dent Wilson In the
actual controversy, your three corre
spondents betray a rather undignified
conception of the function of the Gov
ernment In such matters. Inasmuch as
a nat.on decides for Itself what judg
ment shall be binding on It In such af
fairs, It would be Igndble for It In mak
ing up Its Judgment to consider only
the damage to Its citizens nnd not to In
quire also Into the clrcum..i rices anil de
termine the truth of any protest of Justi
fication from the nation Indicting the
damage. Nations are accustomed to do
both, because It befits their dignity to
be Just to their sister nations, as well
as to he llrm In safeguarding the lives
and property of their citizens.
If a V boat torpedoes a Hrltlsh mer
chantman and the Americans on board
are lot, and Germany asserts that the
ship was sunk because It tried to ram
the I' boat or to sink It by gunllre,
our Government would not reject the
plea ns Irrelevant, but would take the
testimony from both German and Hrlt
lsh sources nnd paa Judgment on the
plea. Manifestly, then, the Government
does act 1n a quasl-JudlcHI capacity In
such matters. And If this procedure Is
Just and proper in dealing with specific
cases, it Is Just and proper nlso In deal
ing with the general situation, and we
come back to the original quest. on,
whether or not It l a Jut Judgment to
require that the nation defending Itself
through submarine operations against
the merchant shipping of Its enemy shHll
discontinue Its defence nt once, nnd, at
the same time, to permit the aggiesslvc
nation to pursue Its lawless suppression
of merchant shipping In which the other
nation Is Interested. It Is riulte Im
possible to reconcile such a Judgment
with the principles of Justice.
Put, say our correpondents, Oer
many has "murdered" our citizens, while
Great Ilrltaln has not, nnd, hence, it Is
right that we should deal more drasti
cally with Germany. It Is true of ourse
that the submarine campaign has pro
duced tragic consequences thnt have
been absent from the Hrltlsh operations.
Hut two considerations, quite Important
from our point of view, mint not be
overlooked.
In the first place, the struggle on the
sea has drifted into the stage of
"f rightfulness," If you will, largely be
cause our Government has been remiss
In enforcing the right of our com
merce to the freedom of the seas "from
whatever quarter violated, without com
promise nnd at any cost " If we had
firmly exacted respect for this right
from nil belligerents from the eom
mencement of the war. Great Hrltain
would never have taken the licence
with those rights that she has actually
exercised almost from the outset, and
the retaliatory submarine operations of
Germany would never have been ushered
In, or, If they had been, they would
have lacked the Jitstincation of self-defence.
Vj oiirselven are not blameless',
therefore, and we owe It to our often
proclaimed love of Justice to retrieve our
mistake as far as possible by demand
ing now that both offenders, riot one
alone, abandon foithwith their Interfer
ence with our rights.
Ill the second place this difference
In the consequence of German ami Itr't
sh operations Is due very larrlv tn the
fact that our citizens have rlm-en to
reepcet the rules prescribed bv llritain
for the conduct of her operations, while
they have disregarded the rules pre
scribed by Germany for the conduct of
her operations. Kqual respect for both
would keep both free from tragic eon
sequences to us. Kqual iletlame of
both would ns surely bring tr.ige con
sequences to us from both.
Hrltain tells tlx that although our
ships are laden with cargoes which are
not contraband, and although they are
bound for neutral ports where they havo
a perfect right to go, nevertheless they
must not fullll their voyages but mut
put Into a Hrltlsh port and subject their
cargoes to seizure. Ami our ships obey
and citizens of pro-Hritlsh sympa hle's
even praise the hand that uppresses us,
because the wrongdoer offers to make
payment for the cargoes. In shoit, the
"true Americans" hold our right to the
freedom of the sjs so lightly that thev
are willing to make It the subject of
bergaln Hiid sale with Great Ilrltaln.
And, even then, they do not get com
pensation for our darrnced trade rela
tions with out neutral customers Now
let us assume that an American ship,
bound for Holland or Norwa. with
American passengers Hiid a proper cargo,
defies the order of a Hrltlsh warship to
put Into a Hrltlsh port and Insists on
Its right to proceed unmolested and does
proceed. What would hippeii" Hrltlsh
shells would speedily tell whether or not
thorn Is nny frlghtfubiess Inherent In the
Hrltlsh programme
On the other hand, let us suppose that
our citizens were as deferential to f!er
many as they are to Hrltain, and, heed
Ing the German warning, ceased to
travel on Hiitlsh ships nnd travelled only
under rhe Stain and Stripes, ns all tine
Americans should be gl.nl to do In
that event, tlm Get man operations would
become as harmless to Ainer.can lives
as the Hrltlsh operations have been. In
stead of this, however, our citizens defy
Germany, while obeying Creat Ilrltaln.
deliberately putting themselves and their
country's peace tn Jeopardy nnd meet a
tingle, fate. And Mr. Metealf naively
likens litem to Innocent b standei s !
Tho loss of American lives, whether
nt Gei man or Hellish hands, Is deplor
able of course, but the fact that those
lives have been nst only at German
hands Is attributable quite plainly to
our own unneutral conduct In tho re.
spects Just described.
In conclusion let me aeltuntv ledge the
personal tributes from your three enrrn
aponderits, self-styled exemplars of "true
Americanism," "real American stock,"
"normal minds" and like beatitudes.
Their llnmerln wrath Is Indeed wither
ing. Tanliene nnlmls cirlestlbirs Ir.-e?
Helng nfrUrtcd with the blight of Her
man blood, although a nntlvo American,
of eourso I cannot pretend to the flaw
less perspicacity that distinguishes the
mental processes nf my critics, How
ever, ill venturing lo challenge the opin
ions nf such superlative wisdom, t am
encouraged by tho retlectinn that even
"Homer sometimes nods."
Herman S, Hervrwio.
IS'ew 3Tork, -August 3, v
SOCIALISM AND WAR.
The Possible Roinlti nf tho German
American Controversy.
To Tilt KniTon or Tits Hun Sir: Tho
development of the controversy between
this country and Oermany has al
ready clirnlunted the lending Ameri
can demagogue, Ilrynn, and his Intlu
enco from tho American Government,
which Is a no mean achievement In
itself; a far greater result is obtain
able. If tho American nation Is com
pelled to play Its part in the world'
work of destroying the Hohenzollern
and Hapsburc dynastlos, nnd their
coalition to dominate continental Ku
rope, the resulting OermaniAmcrlcan
war will determine not only Kuropo's
great military struggle, but also the
greutcst political and economlo strug
gle In tho history of this country, to
wit: tho attack of socialism and Its
kindred' cults upon representative gov
ernment In -cenernl, and upon tho
American political, social and eco
nomic structure in particular.
The sum nnd substance of the so
called philosophy of socialism, stripped
of all its dctnugogy and Its political
and economic faliehoods, Is that the
capable Individual shall not only sup
port the Incapable Individual, which
la unavoidable anyway, but that tho
former shall also divide alt of the
products of his Intelligence and Indus
try with the fool and the Idler.
Socialism's favorite method of opera
tion Is to organize labor and Incite the
resulting unions to attack business by
making tyrannical demands, and then
by seeking to enforce those demands
by violence. America hns long been
familiar with this campaign, -which will
reach Its crisis In the event of a for
eign war. Its fate will be ns Inevita
ble us that of the campaign to destroy
the nation's credit by establishing a
tllver standard.
Already It Is evident thnt the labor
unions, puppets of socialism, will make
tho military and naval necessities of
this country a means of attempting to
plaeo the nation under duress. In
England they have already adopted
this course with disastrous results to
the country, nnd the Hrltlsh Govern
ment suffers the humiliation of seek
ing the r favor. Such n condition of
political nnd economic slavery must be
worse than German domination.
The American people are still seeking
to control organized capital by means
of legislation, n work thnt Is being per
formed crudely and Ignorajilly, and
lu many cases unjustly, notably among
public service corporations. We now
face the equally Important t.wk of
securing nn absolute control nf organ
ized labor. This will not be accom
plished by making any new laws; the
existing machinery of the law Is
ample. The Issue will come when labor
attempts to block the manufacture of
supplier for the American army and
navy. The Federal Government will
meet that attack with the 1'edcrnl
army, anil a nation behind It, nnd the
triumph of law and reason will be as
certain nnd ns llnnl as the police power
of a great Government can make it
With the Austro-Oerinan coalition
and Its two component d) nasties anni
hilated In the fashion prescribed by
Panton for the Hourbons, nnd with capi
tal nnd labor In this country relegated
to their positions of economic factors
Instead of political favorites, mankind
will make Its greatest stride since
Waterloo, The double work will re
quire much money nnd possibly much
time, but It will nchleve n political nnd
econnm.c freedom greater than even the
native American has ever enjojed.
Only a fool seeks war, but the German-
Xmer'j'an controversy may pro
dure magnificent results, and the native
horn American has nothing to fear. The
treachery of the foreign element In this
country will be handled under a military
regime In summary faehlon,
Whether the die l cast or not, let us
at once prepare. In every fitate In the
I'nlon let Us order our Senators and
Representatives to provide for an army
and navy fp to cope with nny In the
world We shall m-ed n statesman and
a snldlr of the highest order : we hive
the statesman In the White House, the
war will produce the soldier.
Svsifrt, W. VrNAPi.r.
H sI.TtMOF.TC. Md.. August S.
DIPLOMATIC GRAMMAR.
The nhetorle In Onr l,nt German
Note .Instilled.
To Tur. KPtTon ok Tiik ;H-n Sir. "Kx
Pet.km.inV letter In Tiik Sr.v challeng
ing the -'beautiful diction" In the Gov
ernment's German note would be more
nleresling If it were co're, t
The repeated use of the pronoun "It"
Is forceful arid not surplusage, for It
leaves no doubt as to the noun It repre
sents. In the revised edition "K.v.
Iieskinan" supplants "If' bv using
"our " Had the Administration done
so It would have snned against tactful
diplomatic n.ige as well ns s.vntax,
for the revfon that diplomatic com
munications of the United States Gov
ernment are written t,i formaljy In the
Impersonal third per.t. 't.
If "Kx-Peskinan" will read the note
carefully he may see that the singular
form of the verb "to set" Is used In re
lation to the singular noun "suspen
sion" nnd not the plural noun "prin
ciples It appears tn me there must be some
ground for the "Kx" before "Pesk
man." If the copy hsd been given to
one of your staff, ns he suggests, nnd
It bad been returned In the mutilated
form of the revised edition submitted,
1 believe your proofreader would soon
thereafter find that he hnd plenty of
time to write letters to Till Sr.v
signed "Kx-Copy Header."
Jl'STIN PlttlNN.
New Toiik. August 7.
FORMING THE LANGUAGE.
Joint Hoard nf International KnclMi
Wanted by a Student.
To tiik KoiTon of The Spn Sir No
language has been subjected to mo.-e
or greater change than tho Knglleh
Rn.nl Shakespeato In the original edi
tion and then rend blm aa bo Is printed
to-day. Or better, rend Chaucer and
then read Noyes or Watson. To say.
therefore, that the nngllsli language Is
something mcrcd that must not be tam
pered with by Americans is ahsurd.
However, I think there ought lo be an
academy made up of Knulteh ami Ameri
can fcholare, simitar to those, of 1'raneo
and Spain, lo pas upon all changes or
Innovations. The -plan heretofore in
Kngland has been to let the language
take cam of Itself or to follow tho lead
of the court Now, com tiers may be
very prollclent lu the art of bowing and
saying "men things" but that hardly
llts them for reforming a language.
I'lulouliledly the beautiful elegance of
the French and Spanish languages haa
been due In the fostering care of the
academies aforementioned. V. M.
Nkw Yokk, August 7.
Adtlie to rlarhelors.
If you're homesick and alone
Tell It to the telephone!
To the mouthpiece frrnths your wsll,
Ppln your sorry lover's tale,
Hay: "I lead nn empty life.
Won't you kindly be my wlfeT
You ere swet, pellte and gay,
Harllng, name lh welding dsyl"
Hut as thus your thoughts are bared,
Hsvw a csr1 unlsss prepared
To be surd as a gn deceiver,
Pnn'l rake otf the darned receiver
Thus l.j rnndnii ipille astute
Hv a breath of promise suit,
Tor there my be eight or nine
Dictographs along the line,
. , 41. -0, Haskini,
UNITED STATES ENGLISH.
A New Dictionary Suggested for the
American Lnngnage.
To the Kditor opTltn SttN Sir: Mr.
Prank It. Vlzetclly's account of Dr.
Murray's great work, tho work that llko
a irreat deal of tho endeavor of mnn
wns left for others to finish, Interested
me because It is certain that for our
selves a perhaps jrreator tn.sk must be
underlakisoi by an American or a group
of Americans.
Tho Oxford Dictionary Is a history
of tho words ot tho Kngllsh languatre
traced bank to their sourcos In Kngland
or, at least, In Great Hrltain. While
this knowledge, It may be argued, hns
for us a degree of nc-.idcmlc value, per
haps ono should say n oertnln phllologlo
Interest, It Is too enraptured of tho Knt
llsh point of view to be In any sense
llnnl, for us nt Icist. Tho Jrlstory and
tho itellnltions nre brought up, sharply
enough of course, to date, but It Is an
Kngllsh, rather a Hrltlsh date, already
for us, Its Ink scarce dry, In the dark
backward and nbysm of time.
The Kngllsh have their language and
literature, of course; It Is theirs; nt this
moment they nre lighting to preserve
It, In Plandcrs and lu northern Franco;
they are entitled, we admit, to their
dictionary compiled ns they may sec fit.
Wo have, at various times nnd for
various reasons, found fault with the
Kngllsh; tho sum of their Inerrancies
no man, no woman, not wen an Ameri
can woman, can number, but wo havo
never wrested from them their lan
guage, txcept ns a convenient nnd cus
tomary means of Intercourse, wo having
no language of our own.
Irr using their language we have ac
cumulated thousands of distinctive
shades of meaning, peculiar lo our
selves, that are unknown lo Hrltlsh
lexicographers and have mainly been
overlooked by our own. It has been
pointed out that the classics cannot be
exactly translated Into Kngllsh because
our words arc only equivalents and may
not have, at least may not convey, the
same nnnnlng. The Greek verb and the
Latin verb that vvc translate "lo love,"
for Instance, differed perhaps In mean
ing from each other and neither meant
exactly what we mean, In the sain
manner Kngllsh words have suffered a
diminution or an nddltlon In the course
of our usage, so that In a sense we may
bo remaking the Kngllsh language Into
our very own.
Ws have, as President Wilson has
pointed out, no rain n ir any racial
tendency; we are as fre as blid.s. or
maybe a better simile, goats, from
whom every one knows we get the wold
"capricious." Ther Is no doubt that
this mixture that we are hns had a vital
effect on the Kngllsh language "as she
Is spoke and writ" by us, The main
forces that have most effected the
change Irr the mranls.g of words we have
taken from the Kngllsh have been Ger
man nnd Jewish. Thnt we have been n
little ashamed of these Intluenees on our
speech and writings, ami necessarily lu
our thinking, is not altogether to our
credit ; It is doubtless mainly because
wo have depended too much on Hrltlsh
tradition. We knew that there was a
change, but the residuum of Insular
prejudice that we, alas, Inherited has so
far led us rather to resent than to wel
come this change.
The welcome. I helleve. should no
longer lie. denied. We need, therefore,
some American Murray, or some group
of Americans, Including, besides the
presidents of our leading universities,
representatives of the various natln-.s
that we very evidently have not nt all
under present conditions assimilated,
who will devote ten or twenty ears, or
whatever time may b? necessary, to for
mulating a dictionary of what may still
have to be called the Kngllsh 1 inguage,
but with n difference O S. P.
Pittsiicru, Pa., August .
UNPATRIOTIC EMPLOYERS.
Ilschnrge of Guardsmen Away on
Camp 11 illy Not t'nt (imnion.
To THE Kiutor OK The Sf.v .Sir: The
effectiveness of the National Guard Is
greatly Increased by camp service. It
Is now recognized ns the prime essential
In the vear's woik of the guard-man
It Is a patriotic duty for ernjilojers to
permit their empio.vies who are mem
bers of the guard to take part In these
exenlses. Many eniigntHiu'd employers
following the lead of the Chamber of
Commerce anil other leading nssoi-li-tlons
of business men, do tbur part In
this nspect. but a very measurable mi
norlt do not
In the company t which I am at
tached there are several cases of ins;
who have lost their positions by reason
of camp mtv be Hie man cmploved as
a cieik b a lumber llrm. after arrang
ing to be away during the camp tour,
found at his house on his return a letter
from his emplo.vers This, teller, which
1 saw, reail substantially ns follows:
I am sorry not to hsvs sun um t.. f
you went av.i Your .srrvbes have nor
been enrlrely satisfactory nnd we ar tr
lug mi: a new mill In jour poltnn It
you will rail nt our nitl, e ou recsU.
a weeks silary so that ou win not l
prejudiced In seeking another situation
The facts that this lelter came Just at
the time It did, nnd tint the man says
that no pievious expiessioi s of an In
tention to discharge him or of dissatis
faction with his work were made, are
slgnltlcant.
In another case a man who was a ma
chinist had arranged, lie he thought, to
leave during the camp tour, and he bad
been told that he would be put on a da
Instead of a night shift upon Ins renin'
When lie reported tor work he was bid
that there was none for him. and upon
Inquliine why he wos told that "there
is none for you" There was work when
ho went tn camp, none when ho te
turned You cannot exjiect men tn give their
time and undergo the real labor which
t lies military branch of tho public service
now outatls at the cmicii.so of their live
lihood. No one would sooner avail him
self of tho protection which a mllltar.v
body glvew In times of stress than tho
very employer who thus undermines the
etllcleuey of the guard.
Thi' emplo.vie is not diseharced be
cause ho Is a member of tho guard, oh,
no' Section 14S0 . f the I'en.tl I'oile
makes that a criminal offence, but the
I iw Is so easily evaded that It Is of lllile
value Gkouok M. Welch,
l'lrst Lieutenant C A C, N. G. N. Y
New YonK, August 7.
HE WAS RIFFLED.
Anrl ne Tarried III Hull In the Only
Sate l'lare,
To the Ki'tTon op The Fin Sir- .
"dip" will alvvas to for a tup pocket, so
Mr. Page Is wrong. Also he will go for
the right baud pants pocket.
I was lillled for my "pol, " nt the
Johnson-Jeffries light Hy advice I was
carrying it In my right hand trou-eis
pocket and trying to keep tight hold of
my in.Tiiey.
I learned long ago where to carry
currency , no "dip" ever looks fr i'i
there, and when I carry It (tier,. I am
never "rlllled "
That place Is the upper left wal.stco.it
pocket. I.ATo.
Nom it Coi.rnaooK, Conn., August 7.
'Twni Tver Thn.
To the Knnvm ok The Su.v Mr It
rather nmuslng to see tho two sides of
the picture. Mr. Hash igeu nf llostmi
kicks that the Hrltlsli beat tus to a fraz
zle In transportation, and In another
column of The Spn vv read that the
Hrltlsh are "up lu the air" over our
knocking spots mil of ibein in i'luapr
grade nutos Mr lltsliagen, whale
sauce fnr the goose is wuei for th.
gHiider. Pon't worn ' H .ill !l, pctiit
where the nrrow llnds it in.nk The
man that can prfsluce the goods the
cheapest wins out 'Twas ever thus.
Jamks McG, Hiiovvn.
New-Souk, ugue.t 7.
$100 FOR A DEFENCE
CREED BY A WOMAH
Navy League Section Offo
Prize to Combat lcfl(ra6
of White Feather,"
MEMUEKSHIP IS GR(WlXq
WASltiNOTOSf, Aug. i-rrom all carta
of the country enthuslaeiUo response hi
come to tho appeal ot the -womna'a mo,
lion of the Navy Tjcugw. It Was ar
noutiesed to-night by the section uiat a
patriotic member had given $100 j ts
devoted to n prire for thei best ISO mti
creed ot national deferens to l vuel
Irv the work of arousing the need of tl,
country rfor national defence. The prlti
offer Is often to any woman over tt
age of IB yenrs.
The only requisite for entry Is to
am! send In a membership pledge, tr,j
thus become a member of the setlis.
All maimMirlnla must be In by Septemtsr
15, Written manuscripts ndl be .
ecptcd, but typewritten ones are pr.
ferred. They Khould be rent to n
Woman's Section of the Navy Limvi
Southern Hulldlng, Washington, D a
Tlve winning contribution wii b fn-,
mally adopted by the section ns, ,ti
creed.
A feature nf the opinions v leet S,
memliers e.' the section wns th .
presslort epf thankfulness r ,i p,
womin's section has been f'lriiied ta
offset the formation of pini e nt m r
price rsoclctleei anil ar,t -en -'riie t
leagues. Mrs. Mary S l.n, KwoM.
founder of the Daughters of the Ameri
can Revolution, mild
'I would iKiyei tt any rr. , wi.. r
fused to serve his eouiir y i
ncded liliri. I.et the men try ,iti ani
enlistment business In this imp,'. a. )
the women will show them. I tnij
such rank cowards and traitor- trie !,
of the league nf the vvh -e fr it or ) ,j
I do not believe srn-h a le igire wivi
get a very large tnemb'rsn p , r'. i
country. American men and won n ,ir
patriotic to the core. on,'., r,. ,,
stand and comprehend i ,. r.ri f0f
Ihrrn to be tty
"I have worked for peo e lc f
life, hut I know the best vv 10 ct
peaie Is to lisure It b.v e . ptrf t
our present weakness -if i it h
feme Is Icttl silly rind da!r.
"We put our men r Co'ip-e ia
our will, ami If the men of Pie t-v
can't make Congress vote s nii r .
tloual defences we w-iriien i' in" w,ll.
If 'ur legislators will pir ti . o
the gtouitd Jut now thev w ' '
mighty shout swelling over r r
from east to west, fiom - .
and what It sas Is Prcpa: , . .
If they do not heed bir t v I
know they will
"We lever vv uld have i n r
freedom if when the lioir i ! i v
upon us every man hail u I ; -
not to give lliillt.il servl. e to " s . .
ti ill time of need I I ' I t '
great necessity it would h.nc ei M
unpatriotic ami dlslo.v.il
"I.et every man iimj'Ii.i'' e un
derlying .-eerets o.' the pel., r c
price and antl-e nlistnient v. c
fo:e he el! Iris blrthr ig'it t .r .
of pottace. open his i.vs I vv . i
lo be a coward or a wen!
oil" ountr is in troubb
The wore, of toriultu Lie u.it. 0 ..1 v n
nuttee of l.ooo vvci" tliMiii. a ird
during the past we, k T e a . i u
merit of the iiieinberrnip of tne . r.iu
0:11111 ttee .if the imi 111I1- niter HI
number of States was mad. t"- m r -Massachusetts
meuioeib'.ip - "
George von I.. Me.vei. wife ef f v
J Secretur of the Navy; Mrs lr V
I dersoii, Mrs Panlcl l.othrop, Mis I
) btth I.liooln Gould. Mis Au.'i-m P
I Gardner. Mrs Kugerie N I-' s H
i James , Uuunuis, honor...
regent
P
It
Mrs. Gc
Jenkins. St ile rege.t I) li V .
Charles C, Chick, State vice-res. r
A It : Mrs James K Curb, w 1
Man- of lioston. Mrs II II
p'esdent l!o.on V. P C . M v
Slone HIn. kvvell, Ml ' '
Masury. president Paushb ' '
1'nion . Mrs. Gregory CP. ''
Kred S Converse. Mrs
Crownltislilebl, Mrs Wi'.n v V
m.ir. M.ss Mnble Y.irei M
Cinnoik, Mrs. William Ma lr
Mrs Kranklin Haven. Mis '
PranrK Mi-s Ida M K.. - - I V !
Kdilh W Penholrn
AIR SPECIALISTS FOR BOARD.
T Named lis orl-i , With td-
lsiir. 0111 111 i t lei-.
There wonr be r m, f a e .e.
nt'on spe. ,,il'sts i-u ')e . v
HoarJ, Secret, r Jos. pt.us v
mobilization of tlu e j-'iv - e-
So In uoui'nating two meir t-s f
bond the Amen, in S c ' r
nautlc Vhig'neers his r .,-i I 1 t
eoirunlttee composed o' ex.te 's e.
brain h of aviation to help .is m "
The society has nanx-l . '
nnvv board Henry A W e vv.i - i
prcMdenl, and Kluier A .--pe ., -e ' r
of the gyroscopic stnbi! 7ei e- ne--Ida
lies.
To hilp Mr Wn.nl ni'd Mr ierri
these members have beer, m i 1 .1 s- eenl
committee of the soiletv
nrvlll- Wright. Glenn II ('.1 " v
Starling. Purges and i- iafles M M
to advise on the rlieoiv ai I ' '
of aeroplanes and neror.nr - '
Peler Cooper Hewitt, Jo' n II H 1
uiorid, Jr, and Joseph
advise on the application ' .1 ' '
wai'larc. G.ipl Thoou- - H '
l.eo Stevens, Italph II 1,'sni 1 '
lliond It Prlie, tn .t lv 1 - '
balloons ami pa 1.0 huti
Mr Wood and Mr Spe 1.
l'Ulai choice of the so. 1, i s -
for ilie 11 ivy h".r l. ren mt . ' ''
of every leu voles , H c 1 s
Iilic engineers arid re.'ipterrs 1
oil -rrs-on an I John s "t c ...
of ihe Pranklin Institute 'e r
inventions of h.iMr ,'h.irn'.'
Mr Wood, eon of l-Vrh.it 1 te
time M.ivor of New YorU - - s
dent of the Aero Club of v - "
Speirv 1. v ice. preside! t .it
Soeietv of Ncronautn Cue '
member of the Aero i'bi
nauliral Society He in- .
g roscope to more t iw iw.
uses I lis si tbll .ei r. e 1 '
il l.o, J to.ofin. f.o .1 -i'. '
aeroplanes awarded ii ' 1
Piench CovcniniriiT
In a statement lsued e'.
ing of the i hoic e of Mr u
Sperrv the society s.ivs c 1
Ileal Inventions siibm 1 te I '
must he considered from ' '
the bro 11I purpose, Ihe I'
uiechauaal details
ACT TO AID JEWS IN WAR ON
More Tim 11 1 Oil Hod le II eprrsrni'd
nt llellef l oiifeienee.
Mom than a hundred J. ' r
7. it ions were represented ' 1
en In the Kduc.1tloi1.il V 1
in Kael Hrvadway jested i
pose was to plan for relie1'
Congressman Meyer l,"ii b '
sided, was made ehalrin m
mitten of a bundrs cl .lew
collect money fnr relief wo"
It was pted Hnl th
snoiild pb dge itself in see
. 1 H eve' v nnilv ' '
p ed 1 Toe oinin 1 ep w
union Hi w it 0 Jews mi 01 tic
tn create a st renin of e-oiir-
the Jews abroad until the C1.4
war,
