Newspaper Page Text
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SRODNDIN.SIBERIA
wiineee ridfin,fcnflih ,jlIUaIJB miniHMA
Competitors Mako Progress
"iTIiilo Misunderstandings '
With U. S. Grow.
1UAN GAINS STEADILY
Thil orfon Hoturns '"With
Warning Tlint "Open Door"
Dcpenls on Quick Action.
It Is with reBret and apprshensl&n
Jhat Russians litre and In .their own
country view the nipldljr accumulating
misunderstandings between Americans
and Russians around Vladivostok and
In the Far East, according to Phil Nor
ton, 'fomier'Actlnl director Of the Rus
ilan Division" Committee onEubllc In
formation, who arrived here recently
from Siberia and Is retained as trade
i !- hv a niimWfif VTiiksI nn and
cguitecnui - :
Amirican houses., "nai jinese misun
derstandings are' purely local, due. to
outside lnfhiond; and constitute an. In
ternational problem, all acquainted with
the situation 'Well know." aald Jlr.
Norton'.
"Whether or not the American Gov
ernment and people are aware of thla
I do not know. It, seems to me that
the time ban come when those who to
gain thch-i 6wnends strive to disrupt
the friendly relations between 'America,
and Russia and to retard tbe recon
structive efforts of -iho antl-Bolshevlst
forces should' bo checked.
"It appears now that considerable
success has been achieved by those
forces which look with disfavor upon
the return of normal conditions ,to
Siberia and upon any participation In
development activities in .rich Siberia
by1 Americans or American .capital, un
less1 applied indirectly.
The1 United States was the most pop
ular of all nations with' the Siberians
when wenrst entered Siberia after Join
ing the' Allies, but' this country is now
disliked niid Tfdlculed from Ekaterin
burg to Vladivostok. ,
'Competitors' Winning Control.
'The United States Is unpopular for
n variety, .of reasons, .which lnc'tide cu
rious accidents and antl-Amerlpan prop
aahdat but' mainly .because. Americans
made' great promises and preparations
to benefit Siberia, and then did practi
cally nothings to. fulfil .Siberian, expecta
tions. "At present our competitors are pen
etrating every corner of eastern Siberia
economically' and obtaining such con
trol of ports, transportation and mar?
ketlhg facilities that, if American busi
ness Is Inactive another year, American
firms will find difficulty In doing busi
ness In .Siberia 'except' through foreign
Intermediaries. ' '
"Thsipeople of .Siberia were so enthu
Funny But Effective
I Idoin
i
LJ"i ioigush as
f China sometimes
used in
produces
most amusliur results. A vlsl.
tor received the following bill:
Aosfadd .A SO. SO
Aoeler 3,50
Ataklmomagen 1. 1.00
15.00
Which Is simple enough when ex
plained. The Chinese liveryman hlm
ply wrote as it sounded, Translated
we get s
Morse fed... o.r,o
Hire , 8. BO
take htm. home again ... 1.00
15.00
reported
carpon-
A similar Instance
from a transaction with a
t'who rendered the following bllll
" doxos ip oraer IS. 00
Pne wood do... 2.50 .
One wooden dor v.. 2.50
.m. ' 12.80'
The correctness of the account
may be readily appreciated from the
explanation; The customer' ordered
two boxes at $2.50 each. One was
satisfactory: the other was hot Jn
other words one would do: the other
wouldn't do. I
V
CALLS FOR STUDY
American Prices for Manufac
tured Goods Too High for
Mass of People.
SPECIAL LINES NEEDED
Seller Must Have Direct Eop
rescntatives on tho Spot
to Get Results.
hundreds of Russian villages, lectures
and the distribution of literature the
committee sought to maintain- good re
lations between Americans and Rus
sians, The sudden abandonment of these
enterprises and the demobilisation of
the Committee on Publlo Information,
Mr. Norton said, caused the Siberians to
believe that America had finally de
serted them entirely. .Concerning " Jap
anese enterprise In Siberia Mr. Norton
aald :. .
"Japanese traders are everywhere In
Siberia. They .'and the British, are
backed by Government Insurance and
are making; the most of their opportunl
tfea I am not anti-Japanese, and In, the
main I admire their work without ap
proving all their methods. I believe
Americans should realise they are able
competitors.
Japanese Plan for rtur.'
"It is difficult to .understand how
thoroughly the Japanese are, laying the
foundation of their future 'in Siberia.
They have purchased municipal utilities,
mines. Umber and other sources of,
wealth. Their buyers and observers are
everywhere In Siberia, carrying on a
marvellous propaganda, which Is win
ning the friendship of Siberia for Japan
in spite of the fact that Siberians in
herently fear her. They have made false
steps in some cases in flooding the coun
try with Inferior goods and In obtain
ing titles to publlo utilities, land ind
mines in these unsettled times by meth
ods which many of the farslghted Jap
anese and members of tho Liberal party
deplore-
The hinges of the 'Open Door In the
For East' wilt be lighters, wharves,
warehouses, railroads and other facili
ties. In a year America will find these
hinges in Siberia all in the hands of
competitors, mainly the Japanese. It
will mean that one of tho richest coun
tries In the world, with a great future
before It, will be commercially controlled
by oar business rivals. The field for
slastlc about America when our repre- Anler'can tnrlse In Siberia, is 1 unllm
sentatlves nest entered the country." he 'ted "w. The right policy
said, "and such big demonstrations took ?' Amnera" vb slne" '? l slbt
place In.thelr honor that our future re- ' ?fV vw 1 of J1?
latlons seemed secure. This popularity l?,a"drall;okd !aclIIOesV doof.to
? a'.8",l8..0.f..m.l:!a , of the JUn."rie business' men'nbwl
but a year from now ltvwlll be too late.
Pride of Russians Injured.
"There can be but little doiibt that the
Russians desire to continue the long es
tablished friendly relations with Amer
ica. Their present anirer Is due to in
jured pride, disappointment and anti-
American propaganda, which have con
spired to cause a resentment against
Americans, but this feeling Is as vet
only skin deep, a slap at Its mother by
a cnuo, ana a snow or real interest by
American business men will rapidly re
adjust relations.
"We Americans deal with Siberia only
.in empty words when Siberia wishes to
sen us raw materials ana buy our manu
factured commodities. Are we going to
embrace our opportunity and build a
tremendous trade with this rich coun
try 7 We must answer to-day. Our com
petitors wlu make our to-morrow's an
swer worthless.
"If we will go Into Siberia now on a
prcper basis, study conditions, learn the
customs' and language, refuse to make
speculative prices, but look Into tho fu
ture for our profits, we will find our
venture will par In the long run. Ameri
can speculators have hurt our prestige
through methods which In the long run
will not pay either the individual or
the nrtlon.
"Conditions of trade are difficult la
Siberia to-day, but from a business
point of view the United States could
restore her favored position In Siberia
and build the foundation of a commer
cial future there by establishing contact
with the 'cooperatives,' which conduct
a number of systems of credit and stores
throughout Siberia, forming an Ideal
method of distribution. The various co
operatives are In this city to-day seeking
connections."
and accidents and turned Into' Indiana
Hon -and dislike by, a propaganda' of
promises to the people of Siberia, fol
lowed by our apparent abandonment of
our good Intentions 'toward them.
'The word widely disseminated that
this country had taken the lead In in
viting tho Bolshevlkl to negotiate at
Prlnklpo caused a wave of Indignation
from one end of Siberia to another. The
non-Bolshevlkl look on the Bolshevlkl
as murderers and worse, and revolted
at the Idea of treating' with them. As
a matter off&ct theBolshevlkl. are
Torser than th'ey are' painted In the most
sensational accounts you have received
In this country. America has been un
der suspicion from the-time the Prln
klpo plan was suggested, and this has
been deepened by the absence of any
clear cut -policy since then.
"What faith Siberians still held in
this country was destroyed by a whole
sale making and breaking of promises.
Americans In Siberia forany purpose,
irhen asked what America 'was going to
do for Siberia, -would make ambitious
promises in behalf of the War Trade
Board.
Expected Food and Clotalner.
"We werp, going to feed and clothe
very man. woman and child In Siberia,
according to American promises. Then
the War Trade Board went out of exist
ence, with nothing done.
"Such promises' by Individuals might
not have caused so much damage, but
the War Trade Board officially asked
the Committee on Public Information to
get data on the needs of the multitude of
villages ,ln Siberia, In the way of cloth-
lng and other necessaries. These were
laboriously gathered by the Russians at
our request and transmitted to the Pub
licity Committee, but by the time the
data, were, received the War Trade Board
had' gone'' out of business and bad no
use for the figures. The Committee .on
Public Information In Siberia 'was kept
busy from then on explaining why we
took such Information if we didn't want
to do anything with It 1
'The harm done to the) United States
It such occurrences was Increased by
the fact that the United States had no
positive policy In Siberia, and the Siber
ians were kept In bewilderment as. to
That were our real intentions. They
could not make out what we were doing
tnd were all the more auspicious on
that account"
Mr. Norton sad that anti-American
feeling and suspicion of all Americans
new to such an extent that even the
T M. C. A. and the Red Cross were re
tarded by the average Russians as sin
ister antl-Russtan movements. The tri
angular lnslgne of the T. M. C A, he
said, was commonly supposed to be an
emblem of Masonry, and the Impression
becsmo widespread' that the T. It C A.
micslon was to undermine the Russian
Orthodox Church". The Red Cross work
ers, he said, were taken for commercial
travellers selling hospital supplies. The
good work of these organizations ! now
baking a good Impression.
One American professor who was sent
out by the Committee on Publlo Infor
mation to lecture on the American school
system was put down as a sort of of
ficial book agent Mr. Norton said that
1 mission Of th rVimmllt.o nn Ptihltn
Information was purely altruistic; but
" average itusaian could not be
made to believe this. The altrulstio prop
aganda of the committee, Mr, Norton
"aid, taken In connection with tho
Peculiarities Of Ammrrn nnlli-v In Si
beria. BO puzzled the Siberians that they1
unmseiYea to aecipher the hidden
otject of the, visitor? from America, jmd
weie not satisfied .Until they had evolved
the most grotesque explanations of it
Hn.ion Not Understood..
uacK of appreciation of Russian
psychology attended nearly every move
on tho part of this -country, Mr. Norton
id, so that while aiming only to serve
-'u neip jtussia the American pro
Kramme accomplished little except to
.Cowwlitee on Public Informa
tion printed a weekly paper of which
copies were circulated all over Siberia
w Indirectly counteract anti-American
propaganda. By. moving picture Is
SIBERIAN TRADE NOTES.
Omsk American manufacturers of
sporting rifles and ammunition are find
ing a 'good market for their products in
Siberia. Tbe return of many ot the
trappera and hunters of northern Si
beria to their homes has brought the
fur business back to prominence after
two years of stagnation. Most of the
goods are shipped to Vladivostok and
Kamchatka and are distributed through
the cooperative societies.
Omsk The War Department Is. au
thority for a statement that more than
200,000,000 rubles were raised for the
reeds of the army by SlberUn. coopera
tives In answer to an appeal sent out
Many of the cooperative societies have
become very rich 'during the war. The
societies are aiding the army on the sev
eral fronts in conjunction with the work
cf the xemstvos or town governments.
Ouse Railroad rolling stock and ma
terials continue to be the biggest Items of
Imports received from America, Figures
compiled for the, second suarter of 1919
show that at-'-Vlkdlvoetolf more than 22
per centof the gross Imports Into that
port were railroad materials. Agricultural
Implements and machinery showed a
slight Increase. .Next year a decided In
crease In this material Is expected, as
several large contracts have been let In
the United States, and deliveries are
promised in the spring of 1920.'
Omsk Crops In the parts of Siberia
unaffected by the, Bolshevist military op
erations were very successful during
1919, according to a report recently
Pi tnted here. As .a result Siberia Is In
position to furnish considerable amounts
of, grain and; .other, agricultural prod
ucts 10s jsuropean jtussia as soon as mil
itary conditions permit their movement
Improved conditions for, next season are
expected, -uaenmery rrom America will
figure largely in thla development
VtD!voST0K Reports rrom the co
operative association at Kamchatka
shoW that since Its origin In lilt the
society naa grown steadily. It now
owns two complete fisheries, and last
year exported 540,000 pounds of dried
fish. Many . Ooreans are members of
this Booletyand are among tbe good
producers. The. capital ef the associa
tion at present Is 100,000 rubles.
The article quoted below, which might
well be entitled, "Some pointers on
trade between the United States and
India," was prepared by the. repreiwa
taUve In India of a, well-known Lon
don firm. It contains certain on-the-spot
Information in regard to marketing
American goods In India that should
prove of Interest to the manufacturers
of the United 8,'ates.
There are several very serious dif
ficulties In the way of establishing bus
iness in India In many lines ot Amer
ican manufacture which could be en
tirely avoided If .the American exporter
were better apprised of the conditions
prevailing in these markets.
Xs. a rule Amerkan prices for manu
factured articles are too high. It be
Inc necessary to understand that al
though tbe population of India la some
where In the neighborhood of SSO.OOtv
000, the purchasing power of abqut
200,000,000 of these people Is prac
tically nil. Wages do not average more
than 1 shilling, or 25 cents, per diem
over the whole country; and when the
cost of living is taken out of this It
will be seen that there Is a very small
margin left for anything In the way of
what Western people would consider
even modern conveniences, much less
luxuries.
In catering for the 'Indian market
therefore. It Is necessary that the man
ufacturer 'shall endeavor to place his
goods at a price. which will bring them
more nearly within the reach of the
people, and thla can be done in most
cases by making a quality to meet the
situation. t It to also highly essential
that the type of goods demanded by
the market shall be carefully studied;
and for this purpose, unless a represen
tative Is on the spot. It Is to be recom
mended that samples of actual' lines St
present being sold should oe obtained
by the American manufacturer in or
der that he may. match them, or, pref
erably, go one better.
racking-, Trade Marks and Designs
Another question Is that of. packing..
The packing that, will do for temperate
climates, or even some other tropical
countries,. Is In many coses absolutely
unsuitable for India. Take, for Instance,
such things as dry products In the shape
of milk foods, c and powdered forms
of chemicals. It Is absolutely essential
m most, cases that these shall, be, packed
In glass containers, otherwise the humid.
Ity of the climate causes metal packings
to sweat, and the contents,, to. become
spoiled. In. such matters also-aa the
packing of heavy chemicals for the mill
ing industries nitric, sulphuric, and
other acids the packing preferred for
these. Instead of being carboyai is 28
pound earthen ware .Jars, packed two In a
case, the cases being very, strong to, pre
vent breakage., In alt Instances, hooped
packing cases- should be used, as the.
goods are subject to very rough hand
ling by the native labor at the docks
and railways. Considerable loss la often
occasioned to manufacturers through the
use of fragile cases : the cases spilt and
the contents are not only damaged but
suffer also from ar Very considerable
amount of pilferage.
Care must be exercised here that no
design Is used that would be likely to of.
fend religious prejudices. This, again. Is
a very complex matter on which expert
sdvlce needed. It does not matter how
good the article may be, If it is labeled
or marked In any" way that offends the
religious views of the people, the article
will be quite taboo. It Is well to remem
ber that tho "Hindu and Mahommedan
both carry their religion Into their every
day life, thus coloring .their attitude
toward everything they touch.
Another point for serious considera
tion is that of payment for goods. .It Is
the practice of many American manu
facturers to demand payment ex factory
or f, a. a. American ports', and this' does
not meet 'with the requirements of the
Indian market The Indian merchant al
ways desires c. t f . quotations,' .so that
he will' know the exact lald-down cost
of -the goods In his warehouse. Careful
consideration is all that Is needed to en
able manufacturers to surmount this dif
ficulty; the merchant even being, willing
to pay a little more for ye convenience
thus accorded. Germany and Austria al
ways gave every facility In this direc
tion, and through their study f the
market requirements and the desires of
merchants had achieved a most wonder
ful success n this field.
Choice of Advertising? Mediums.
As In every other country, advertising
plays a very Important part In placing
goods on the Indian market but here,
again, much discretion must be used.
The uninformed advertiser Is apt to
spend a lot. of money on papers which
eke. out a precarious, existence by means
of obtaining advertisements and whose
circulation and influence axe ,so small
as to be practically negligible. It Is to
be regretted that In many cases ao-
vertistng firms farm out quite a number
of Insignificant native papers, selling
space to people who cannot Judge of the
advertising value of these, and thereby
causing a serious loss to the manu
facturer.
Summing the position up. it Is ad
visable that the American manufac
turer who wishes to develop his trade
In the Indian market should get in
touch with some reliable house having
an organization on the spot which
would, in their mutual Interest give Its
best advice and assistance in develop
ing the business and conserrlng the
Interests ot el) parties concerned.
FRUIT IMPORTS" ALLOWED.
oa
Austral 1 Lata Down Bars
Oranges and Lemons.
The Government of the Common
wealth of Australia has announced that
approval has been, given for the impor
tation of lemons and oranges from the
United States to the extent of 33 1-1
per cent of the average quantity im
ported -annually by each Importer during
tbe period rrom July l, lsis, to June
10. 1918. or. at the ration of the Im
porter, 32 il-I per cent of the quantity
Imported' during the year, July 1, 1917, to
June 30, 1912. Importations twill be sub
ject to quarantine restriction Imposed
as follows by proclamation:
Provided, that citrus fruits may be
Imported from the States of Arizona and
California subject to the condition that
each consignment Is 'accompanied by an
official certificate dated and signed by a
responsible officer of a Government de
partment of country of origin, giving
name ot mate wherein grown. Identify
ing the fruit stating the quantity and
certifying: (a) That the fruit was
grown In the specified. State ; (b) that In
said Bute citrus canker does not exist ;
(c) that the consignment Is free from
citrus canker and' from all other dljt
eases. All plants belonging to a sub
family or tribe citratae shall be under
stood to be Included by the term citrus.
S0&!explaihsdeclm '
Vast Internal Improvements
OE POUND STERLING
Are Planned.
The new Governor-General of Mada
gascar, M. Merlin, when he assumed
control of the administration last year,
appointed a committee of leading mer
chants and agriculturists at Antanana
rivo,! the capital, to advise him on the
best way to develop the resources of
the country. This committee has pre
pared vast schemes of railway, road
and agricultural Improvements, the
carrying out of which will result In
opening large tracts of country now
scarcely explored, and In establishing
rapid Communications between different
parts of the Island.
One line -of rallway runs from Ma
Junga up to Antananarivo and then
crosses the island to Tamatave, on the
opposite coast. It Is more than 1,000
miles In length and took years to build.
The extension of the railway system
to' other parts ot the Island from this
majn line, which Is now being planned,
affords an opportunity to manufacturers
ot railway rolling stock.
Manufacturers of telephone and tele
graph material of all' description will
And a ready outlet for their goods In
Madagascar. There are more than
1,200 miles of a telephone and telegraph
system already In existence, and as this
is being constantly extended from year
to year the possibilities of securing
contracts for supplies ot material are
promising.
Factories for making' sugar and soap
and for the preparation of rice and
beer are being planned, and In some
cases have actually been set on fa;t
Spare machinery parts in connection
with these factories are In constant de
mand. A great trade could be done between
foreign furniture makers and Madagas
car, for its Immense forests abound In
valuable wood of all kinds. Labor Is
cheap In comparison with tho prices rul
ing In other timber exporting centres.
Shortage of Internal , transport Is the
only Impediment in the way of making
Madagascar a great timber exporting
country.
Ot late years many residents from
the neighboring colony ot Mauritius have
settled in Madagascar. Their advent
which has been welcomed by the French
authorities, is to the benefit of the coun
try, as these settlers, being active and
ambitious arid possessed of some little
capital, besides being accustomed, to
deal with a black' population, take real
pride and Interest In their business.
HONGKONG'S TRADE
IN DYE RECOVERS
Chinese Beginning to Rely
Upon Own Products.
The trade in dyes and all similar
materials in Hongkong, China, la gradu
ally recovering, although It Is far from
its pre-war volume or value. The total
imports of dyeing and tanning materials,
mostly native dyes, coming Into Hong
kong in 1918 were valued at U.705,007
gold, gambler, mangrove bark, capan
wood and similar materials making up
'most of the amount The value of ani
line dyes Imported was only 133,101
gold; of which the United States fur
nished about two-thirds.
During the current year the value ot
both total Imports and of aniline dyes
has Increased, the total value for the
first' quarter beng 98.134 and that of
the' second quarter 1 102.200, a total for
the' first year of f 200,334, or, at normal
exchange, $932,(27 gold. Of this amount
the Imports of aniline dyes were valued
In the first' quarter at 191,429 gold and
In the second quarter at 115,095 gold, or
a total of 3169.524 for the' halt year.
Of the imports of aniline dyes In the
first quarter the United States furnished
almost the whole, while of those in the
second quarter the United States fur
nished only, about three-fourths, Japan
furnishing a small portion of the bal
ance probably of American dyes and
Switzerland furnishing a portion. The
shipments from Switzerland .are in
creasing In quantity. It does not appear
whether these dyea are of German or
Swiss, manutacture, although they are
accepted, as. Swiss.
Hongkong Importers are not finding It
easy to secure the Chinese trade with
Amerlcanor other aniline dyes. Either
the unfamiliar appearance of the pack
age, the' actual or Imagined difference In
quality or divergence and variations in
shades' or some other reasons operate
against all these new dyes, while the
difficulty of securing supplies at times
has been a very serious added feature
of the situation which has affected Swlsa
dyes as welL The Chinese at present
aro evidently relying upon their native
dyea more than they have for many
years, but at the same time it Is al
ways to be realized that the demand for
good aniline or other foreign dyes In
China la always practically without
limit
The price of such dyes naturally Has
much to do with their success In this
field, especially in the case of artificial
Indigo, for which there Is always an
especially strong demand and an un
limited market but In which the com
petition of native made natural indigo
will be felt when prices go high. In
other colors there Is less difficulty as to
price, hut there la an absolute need of
uniformity In quality, colors and an
Important regard for trade marks and
the nature and size of packages.
PAY INCREASES IN NAVY.
Australia to Reward Those Who
Served Durtzur War.
Mkxiournk, Oct 21. Extra pay will
be granted to officers of the Australian
navy who served during the war. The
allowances are from 33,100 for an Ad
miral for tho first year's service, with a
monthly Increase of $15 arter a year,
to $73 for a paymaster cadet for the
first year, with a monthly Increase of
$$ after the first year. For other ser
vices the rates are from 1 7, it down
to $2:50.
Officers of the royal Navy lent to
tho Australian Navy will also be en
titled to the extra pay, but will not
receive the royal Navy gratuity for the
same period. Payments to ranks other
than commissioned officers are from $10
to boys up to $60 to chief petty officers
for the first yea.r with an addition c
$1.50 per month afterward.
THE CALL TO HAWAII
Where East meets West and North em
braces South,
Com with me, strangar, for, hard by,
Uawsirs Islas la grand, proeauloa lie.
Txn would I guide thee, lest. In this
spreading sea.
gome other land enchanted beckon thee.
Come where the kindly people of a aeble
race
With soft sweet muslo banish werldhr
woe,.
And masie tales of gods and fairies tree
Creation's romanoe from the Long Ago!
Wrought by volcanoes, manifesting still:
fairest of all Faclfta lands.
From lofty peaks to sunny coral strands;
neglen of flowers whose perfumes east a
spell;
Where summer sunshine loves the rata so
. well
Thi limpid Ulnar nlshU It eft beguiles
To break the darkness lato rainbow unties.
Gold, eepper, orange, shades ef soft seat!.
Emerald and amethretlne blue.
All the colore that the era caa view
Uke dancing sprites play an the mountain
tips.
Tbe trade-blewa clouds, the looming crater
Hps, Beheld O Stranger, worea in a let
Its, Beauty, Romanes, la Bawalt Neil
End of War Loans and Credits
Responsible, Says
Export;.
MrLnounNr, Oct 21. Cessation of
war loans by the United States to Great
Britain, and the termination of' sundry
banking credits and agreements between
the two countries, are given on the
causes of the unusual decline In the New
York quotation of the pound sterling In
a statement Issued here by A. W. Fer
rin, American Trade- Commissioner In
Australia.
"As Is well known," reads the state
ment In Dart "the United States Gov
ernment shortly after its entry began (
making iargo aavances ooin io uitu
Britain and other allied belligerents, and
continued them throughout tho conflict
. . . The amount so loaned was about
sufficient to offset the trade balance In
favor of the United States during the.
last three years of the war, or In other
words the United States furnished the
funds with which to pay for the sur
plus of its exports over imports, which
was required by the necessities of the
other countries.
"With the close of the war and the
subsequent adjustments these advances
naturally ceased to be asked or allowed;
and the military and commercial require
ments of. the situation no longer calling
for such action the British Oovemmept
during the past spring announced that
t would discontinue Its purchases and
sales of exchange at the fixed price on
the New York market
"Sundry banking credits nnd agree
ments were then outstanding (as they nro
at all times) and they sufllced to pre
vent an Immediate fall of exchange to
any extremely low figures; but these
credits are rapidly running out or have
already expired, and the result is that
exchange quotation has now become a
matter of bargain and' sale. The low
quotation ... Is due to the continued
need .of Great Britain and of the coun
tries which depend upon sterling remit
tances for large excess shipments from
America."
TRETTAKOFF TAKES POST.
New Russian Minister of Com
merce Announces Policy.
Ovibk. Oct 2S. Serglus N. Tretlat
koff. formerly a member of the Kerensky
Cabinet has been officially named as
Minister of Commerce and Industry by
Admiral Kolchak. head of the All Rus
sian Government
In hta first statement to the press,
after receiving notice of his appoint
ment M. Tretlakoft said that In his
future work as Minister of Commerce
and Industry he should exercise great
rare In the approval of concessions to
outsiders and also In the lettlnr of
contracts calling for the use of foreign
capital In domestic Russian enterprlsea
He said that he believed that Russian
business would be strong enough In the
rear future to furnish Its own mater
Ids, and that sufficient energy and
initiative would be found among the
Russians themselves to develop the
country's resources.
M- Tretlakoft Is one of the best known
figures In Russian commercial life. Be
fore the revolution he was" employer
of n any thousands of textile workers
In his great plants located near Mos
cow. Under Kerensky he was president
of the National Economic Council and
held the powers of Minister. When
tho Kerensky rule was overthrown he
was put Into prison by the Reds and
for some time was confined In the for
tress of St Peter and Paiil at Petro
grad. He made his escape Into south
RufsU and from there to Europe, where
at Paris he was a representative of large
Russian business Interests and member
of the National Centre.
New South Wales Sezea Equalised.
Stdnet, Oct SU There are now onoo
more aa many males ns females In the
State of New South Wales, In 1913 the
males were 93,000 In In excess of the fe
males, but the exodns during the war
brought a predominance ot females of
20,000 by the end of 1917. With repa
triation proceeding again, the numbers
have now been equalized and by the end
of 1319 it is expected that the males will
again lead.
AUSTRALASIAN TRADE NOTES
MELBOURNE It Is reperted that after
tbe United Kingdom makes good Us own
upply of sugar. Cuban sugar will be
thrown upoa world markets In large quan
tities. Wast Indian plantation autnorltlts
are of the opinion, however, that It will
rat be eome yeare before the world can
be assured of a complete supply. As evi
dence of this belter. It Is stated hare that
an. Oo.thala, builder of the 1'anania
Canst. Uto become associated with the
Cuban Cane Sugar Corporation In con
nection with certain construction surreys
and betterments of the company's properties.
, .
0.
Meeting the Needs
of South Africa
, Over
40d Branches
ii Africa
Bombay
(Xndia)
Antwerp
(Belgium;
TTT'ITH enormous natural re-
' sources South Africa pre
sents one, of the most promising
.fields for development. Her needs
represent practically the entire
range of necessities and luxuries
from mining, mill and agricul
tural machinery and building ma
terials, to automobiles, motor
cycles and musical instruments..
Our 400 branches are at the dis
posal of American business men.
Trade and credit information
on request.
National Bank of South Africa, Ltd.
.New York Office, 10 Wall Street '
Head Office ,
Pretoria, Transvaal '
E. C. Reynolds, General Manager
R. E. Saunders, Agent
London Offices
Circus Place. London Wall, E. C.
18 St. Swithins Lane, E. C. 4.
25CockppurSt., S. W.
Total Resources Over $287,000,000
BISMUTH SUPPLIES
SHOW AN INCREASE
Chinese Methods of Produc
tion Still Primitive,
One of ths by product results of the
mining; of wolframite or tungsten ore in
South China has been the production of
bismuth which is being shipped fnotn
Hongkong; In Increasing- quantities, U. S.
Consul General George E. Anderson said
In a special report to the Iepartment' of
Commerce.
The metal comes In the form of bts
nrath oxide In connection with wolfram
ore deposits, and is now be Ins gathered,
from wolfram fields In connection wttn
the mining; of that or and tn the same
manner as that ore Is produced namely,
from, surface outcrops or "pockets" of
ore which are being worked by Chines
coolies or farm peoples and the) ore col
lected by local Chines brokers who dis
pose of It in turn to foreign broken and
exporters.
At present th production of bismuth
In this field runs from six to tan tons
par month or something; more than 10
per cent, of th entire supply of th
world, It Is. however, worth noting;
with reference to South China mineral
resources as welt a the present day
raining; industry In China that on de
posit In Kwnangtnng Province which at
present Is turning- out over & per cent, of
the entire production of bismuth In the
world is being worked by a few Chinese
coolies each armed with a native eraaa
hook and two large enamelled wash
basins. With such equipment is roost
of the wolframite exported from Hong
kong produced and such an equipment
answers for th whole of th production
of bismuth.
Shipments of bismuth from Hot. strong
this year to us beginning of Auguat
amounted in value to about 1100,400.
About 60 per cent, has been shipped to
Great Britain, tb rest to tn united
States.
The export of mica and asbestos from
Hongkong- Is commencing. There Is an
abundance of both, minerals in South
China, but th question of quality has
prevented any great interest tn the de
posits until tbe present time. An Amer
ican mining engineer, however, has lo
cated a deposit ot asbestos of first qual
ity which is now betas; worked by a
Chinese syndicate and th outpct Is be
ing disposed of tn the United States. A
similar course Is being followed with
respect to some of ths mica, deposits and
there Is now beljig trimmed' to a Hong
konc warehouse a considerable shipment
of high grade mineral.
EXPECTS HUGE INDEMNITY.
Half Billion. la, Vlsrar lt far Aus
tralia. Meuouxxs, Australia, Oct. IIj Belief
that Australia may receive as much as
500, 000,000 Indemnity Is expressed by
industrial JLwtraHan,. one of the lead
ing weekly Journals of the Common
wealth. The journal states:
"Th Impression Is strong in th minds
ot the community that the Prim Minis
ter will be found to have not returned
with empty pockets. This idea has been
strengthened by. the reported reply by
Senator Mlllen to questions asked, re
ferring to the speech mad by Gen.
Botha on August ty. In which th lat
ter put th view that all war pensions
will be paid out of th reparation moneys
received from ths nemy Powers. BhouM
this prove to be th case. It will grt
great relist to Australian finances, the
sum Involved being computed at up to
$500,000,000. Nobody contemplates Mr,
Hughes coming; back without further
substantial gains to show for th long,
hard fights put up for Australian In
terests In London and Paris."
MEI.HOUItKK Temporary bousing
hortase la felt la the suburban district
hare, due to the returning service, men and
tbe virtual cessation of building daring the
war. The Government has taken active
ateps. through Ita Intensive housing scheme,
to aolre the problem, and quick retlet Is
expected.
MTCI.BOURN15 Auatrallan exports were
valued at 547,J70.t for the nacat year
ended June 10, lstl. as opposed to Import
of tl0,12I.llt for th sane period, accord
ing to a preliminary statement lusued by
the Government. The figures Include gold,
and are the largest la th record of the
Commonwealth.
1IKI.BO CRXI J. if. S. Qulnn fca been
recognised by the Oovernor-Oeneral of
Australia as vlca-coneul for the United
States at Adelaide, South Australia, ae
eerdlnr to announcement In th official
Commonwealth (alette.
MELBOURNE Th praotasnatten forbid
ding the Importation af cauetle soda, soda
ash. soda euiphlds, white lead, red lead and
wire rope without the consent af the Mln
lstsr for Trade and Ouetoms has been re
voked by the Commonwealth, Th ban,
which had geae Into effect oa August II,
lilt, had been In fore a year leas a week.
MKUlOUBffE Duties paid on petro
leum Jelly, which le later- exported from
th Commonwealth la th form af com
pounded ell and skip greaeeC are returnable
by the Commonwealth, aceordlaa ta i J
nouneentent by W. Maaey Oreeaa, Mtntster
for Trad and Custom.
MEI.noCrtNE Toilet article contain
ing ethyl alcohol can b manufactured la
licensed warehouse la Australia for ex
port, but not for local consumption, ac
cording to an order Issued hy ths Ula
later for Trad and Custom.
BTDJIET Jtumors that th British Gov
ernment was contemplating to extend Its
purchase ot Australian wool after June.
181s. when th existent burlnsT scheme
ends, bas been denied by Sir John nig
gtna. chairman of th Central Wool Com
mittee. According to a report iuat Issued.
th committee handled fli.10t.lll pounds
of wool during the lall-lila season at an
aanraJeed, valuation af lfc.ied- nr ooamd
arreaey, and ll.Hd. gr pound scoured.
HBIJIOUBNIS Br It recent purchases,
amounting to l.IOS.010 tons of wheat. In
clusive of th 19,101 tons aver which It
has exercised ths option of purchase, the
BrltUh Oorernment has placed th Aus
tralian wheat pool In a favorable position
In deaJlnf with It balance af stock. Thm
price of the purchased wheat. I Id per
bushel . o. b. (normally 11.11) la a fa
varabl on to Australia, and It will mean
a high price to England after freight
charge are added. Th Anatrallaa Oov-
.Tf t.!LclJS "V, ctY I o hava tare vessels allotted to carry
BrUtah Oovernmeut aa pUaa aver a fur- 1 ,v ,,-. r nrA,..
tner e, ton or Wheal, an reaeea b- , ;
tar the uncertain p respect ef the next i ,n store, which ha been parens sod by
Ausrraiiea BBrvesi. I tu jaiiusa vsuToxnment.
HEW ZEALAND EXPORTS GAM.
Auckland Baceeda ATI Other Prov
ince ta Domlaioa.
Th value of exports from Auckland.
New Zealand, for the first six month of
this year was greater than for th year
ended June 10, 1313. and statistics show
that for th past twalv months mor
produce baa been shipped abroaa rrom
Auckland than from any other province;
in the Dominion.
Durtna past years th valu of Wel
lington's exports exceeded Auckland's by
several million dollars, but for the six
months ended June to. mi. Auckland
exported tl7.J05.IOI. as against $27,-
TIS.OIT from Wellington.
Th phenomenal trad for the) first stz
months of this yaar la-partly owing to
th shipping strike in Australia, which
caused th British Government to send
part of Australia's allotment of ships to
carry away New Zealand produce Then
are still larg quantities of frosen mat-
ton in the warehouse In tho Auckland
Provlnc and th farmers are, anxious
Our New Branch
MANILA
THE American Foreign Banking Corpora
tion announces the opening on November
1st of a new branch in Manila, P. I.,
under the direction of Major P. G. Eastwickv
This new branch' further enhances the facilities
of this company, nov maintaining nine branches
abroad, for service in handling overseas finan
cial matters. It will be completely equipped
to assist in the establishment of trade connec
tions, negotiating collections, credits, accept
ances, etc, and to help and to further American
Trade in that territory.
BRANCHES
Havana, Cuba
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Brussels, Belgium -Port
au Prince, Haiti
Panama City, Panama
Cristobal, Canal Zone
Cali, Colombia
Harbin, Manchuria
Manila, P. I.,
American Foreign
BANKING CORPORATION
53 Broadway, New York
Capita!, Surplus and Undivided Profits
over $5,000,000
30 Years
in Export Banking
aSB"
23 Branchea in South America
ft Office in Spain, Franc and England
An intuiate knowledge of
the people, their habits,
social and economic customs
is of etssenttal importance
when transacting business
abroad. Sucr knowledge can
be gained only, through a con
stant study of the needs and
daily habits oflthe people, ac
quired by years of experience
and actual residence in the
" countries themselves.
Maajr of ear Fereifa
Branches kave We
xUbUstital 3flrri.
Twenty-threa ef smf
own branched in Lctfe
America, trlfht efflcce
in Burop and dim
connections titreas
out thi world ernsta
us to furnish Kcurate
trade and credit Its
rbrmatioa ton hrtit
markets.
OurJaciUtlei ars at fowr tfis4J
tratifik your own Isnlt, if dttirtd,
ANQLOSOUTH AMERICtAlN
HBANIC LIMITED
KmI OSTee
UaVr
New Yrk Agency, 49 Brosdveey
P. a HAKonra. Acts
W. MuIUvncnf. SuVAccal Cseitel tme 1
1 rwit,ooa,ttl
Wkers IslnaUt Cicb srm.
WHO "kawn." or laintlass, mufsfrom
caairose, lr prooood m pewrtlenHy Vr7
part of Jasn wtvar altraaO
aro favorable. Ot rrefaafarssi at OsaSak
KroU and Kne fttmtsti saw Otai
two-ttMs f sartlr proSuottftD,
