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f-"X- / -^ (p^, yi y M * THE MINNEAEQLI^ jeUB^AL^ iti SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 2L 1902. THE JOURNAL LUCIAN S^'IFT, MANAGJUK. J. S. MsLAlN. EDITOR. SUBSCRIPTION TERMS P a y a b l e t o T h e J o u r n a l P r i n t i n g Co* Delivered by Mail. One copy, one month On copy, three m o n t h s . . . ' . . . . . . . . . One copy, six months...* One copy, one year. Saturday Eve. edition, 20.to~56 pages, Delivered by ar-**r One copy, one w e e k . . . . . . 8 cents One copy, one m o n t h , . . , . . . 36 cents Single c o p y . . . . . . . . . . . . - $0.35 1.00 2.00 4:00 1.50 2 cents JOUKAAXi TKJUHJJPHOMKAU d e - u a r t i n e n t s m a y now'"be r e a c h e d , o n t h e N o r t h w e s t e r n n y s t e m h y e a l l l n * tor Main 9. C e n t r a l w i l l c o n n e c t y o u w i t h T h e J o u r n a l s w i t c h b o a r d , t he o p e r a t o r o n w h i c h w i l l c o n n e c t y o u w i t h - a n y d e p a r t m e n t o r p e r s o n you. d e s i r e , or w i l l t e l l y o u w h o m to c a l l for if y o u s t a t e y o u r buainens. T w i n City T e l e p h o n e s B u s i n e s s , No. t){ S u i t o r i a l , No. 1 1 | S u b s c r i p t i o n , their minds, and to say now that rec iprocity, of ithat or any kind is tanta-a amount to throwing dotm our tariff bar-^ Tiers and proclaiming free trade. The public do not agree with them. In 1894 the, democrats enacted a tariff in .which the duty on raw sugar, was placed at 40 per cent. This did not injure our cane and beet sugar producers a particle. They did not kick. The head of the beet sugar industry stated in a printed circular over his own signature that the industry was on such a stable and prosperous (basis that it could not be harmed, even if free .trade ^absolute were Inaugurated.' The tariff of -1897 lays a duty of $1.68$ per hundred on raw sugar, ^ 115 per cent, ad valorem, and 20 per cent off would still leave domestic pro ducers very richly endowed with protec tion, more than double that of the 1894 tariff, which they admit did not ruin them. When men talk' about the "ruin" of an industry in which they are interested!, it is well to do a little investigating to ascertain if they really will g p . t o the wall under a 20 per cent reduction. The word "ruin" will, in some cases, be found in application solely to the fact of a small decrease of net profits, A protective tariff in theory Is never intended to do more than encourage and. protect :'^Qur No. lt2 _ | young industries at home until they reach a measure/, pf strength whereby they can successfully compete with foreign good when they do not need protection by tariff duties. McKinley knew that some of. our industries, a^e^ in that prosperous condi tion and independent of tariff support, and he, with business instinct, made the suggestion that some schedules be utilized for concessionary purposes with nations which would trade with us on something like equal terms THIS PRESIDENT AND THE REPUBLI CAN STAIE CONVENTION The refusak.of the Nebraska" republican convention to take any action upon the communication o.tbo Nebraska senators, justifying their insurgency in the matter of Cuban reciprocity, and the prompt adoption of a strong resolution endorsing the president and making special refer ence to his Cuban reciprocity policy, has. resulted in a good deal of speculation among the leading republicans of this state as to what the Minnesota republi cans will do. Any predictions as to what the conven tion will do T h e J o u r n a l would not care to hazard at this time, but it is much interested in the current speculation as to what the outcome may be. It has pub lished a collection of opinions on this subject showing a remarkable preponder ance of sentiment favorable to the pres ident in this connection, and it.. is in formed by leading republicans that the state convention will not fail to give ex pression to an endorsement of the presi dent's policy. And by leading republi cans is meant men who are active and in fluential in a very pronounced degree in the councils of the party in this state. They seem to regard such ah endorse ment of the president as the proper thing for the convention to give expression to, not only because it seems to be the over whelming sentiment of the republicans of the state, but because it is customary for state conventions to endorse national ad ministrations,, and because failure to do so may have an unfavorable influence upon the state ticket itself. Candidates for state offices are not less interested in this proposition than the members of the (Minnesota delegation, who, for reasons which are no doubt satisfactory to them selves, have taken a position of hostility to the president, and have been leaders in the insurgent movement. I t is suggested by some, who favor an endorsement of the president's position, that failure on the part of the state con vention to endorse the president's policy (which being that of the president and a majority of the members in congress, must be regarded as party policy) will afford the opposition*peculiar opportunity to attack the republican party of the state and make effective use of the palpable evidences of inharmony between the state and national administration, if such an endorsement of the president should be withheld. Such an attack would be un usually effective in this instance because It must be admitted that in a most re markable degree the people generally be lieve in Theodore Roosevelt. It' is often remarked of him in political circles that no president since Lincoln ,has stood closer to the people or has commanded more completely their confidence, their sympathy and their enthusiastic support. How much of this is to be attributed to his personal characteristics and how much (to his statesmanlike ability need not be discussed in this connection. The fact remains that such belief in him ex ists and it is dangerous for party lead ers here or anywhere to ignore the fact that, in the minds of the people to-day Theodore Roosevelt stands for honesty, courage and fidelity to duty in the minds of more people than any other man living. Any.failure on the part of republican leaders to follow him must carry with it demonstration to the satisfaction of the public that he is in error, and certainly in the matter o f Cuban reciprocity no such, demonstration has been made. T h e J o u r n a 1 is making no effort to influence the action of the convention. On the other hand, it is not a political organ and shall not hesitate to express Its own convictions with regard to the declara tions of the republican convention on this as-x any other topic, no matter what they may be. The Canadians want more Immigrants. They will be accommodated as soon as the anti-immigration bill passes congress, t h e y will "be welcome to all that we then reject. - .if'.... , "-.-' .:'.-. .-J'?. the number of deaths in Minneapolis. The worst of it is that at present there is no way to escape the necessity o f using that water. Boiling city water used for drinking is an effectual protection, but. thousands* of ipeople will not do it, and some cannot do it. Diamonds are a good especially black diamonds. investment, u WHAT MCKINLEY SAID During the discussion at the republican conference on Cuban reciprocity,-yester day, Senator Burrows attempted to prove that the late President McKinley would disapprove the Cuban reciprocity bill which has been wrangled over with such acrimony in nouse and senate for several months. He declared that McKinley would not tolerate any reciprocity which would 'be .actualized at the expense of do mestic industry, and held that the pres ent reciprocity measure would injuriously affect our .industries. What McKinley really said was this: "By sensible trade arrangements, which will not interrupt our home production, we shall extend the outlets of our In creasing surplus," and "Reciprocity treaties are in harmony with the' times measures of retaliation are not. If per chance some of our tariffs are no longer needed ifor revenue or to encourage and protect our industries a t -home why' should they* not be employed to extend and promc our markets abroad?" Im THE WEJEK IN BUSINESS. : - ' - A gratifying, incident of the week 'in the industrial world was the action of two great eastern iron and steel manufactur ing companies. These companies pre pared a surprise for their employes in the form of a voluntary advance in wages. The increase Was moderate, but the action was important as affecting more than 8,000 men. Surely this looks like a disposition- on'the part of the employers ,to be fair with the men. and to share w.itft them in some degree in the prosperity. Yet in the same section of the country the coal strike drugs .along, apparently as far as ever from a settlement. And haying been" deterrent ,to many plans, and having operated for over a month as a depressing influence in the financial world, this strike still remains the one dark cloud in the sky, tending to make for continued conservatism and caution. Beyond, this .the outlook is'hrlght.. The western country is holding' to a remark ably heavy volume of trade and the out look for its continuance is encouraging. Aside from an Insufficiency of rain in a small section of the southwest, there has been a great abundance of moisture, and the crop outlook, considering crops of all kinds, and viewing the country a s ^ a whole, is very promising. Not only "ate the railroads making regular reports of large earnings, but everything points to their continuance for an indefinite period. The fact that the winter wheat harvest ing was interfered with to some extent by rains had a stimulating effect upon wheat prices. A wet harvest would be bad in that it would lower the quality of much grain, and would delay the crop movement as a whole. And with this domestic influence upon grain prices the week brought the first unfavorable news from abroad. The weather in France has been less favorable, than heretofore. Wheat prices-have been firm in all marr, kets, Minneapolis advancing "about "two cents. For the week our exports of wheat and flour combined equaled 3,860,000. bush: els, compared with 3,400,000 in the previ ous week, and 5,520,000 bushels in the cor responding week last year. But from July 1, 1901 to date, a period of fifty-one weeks, we are ahead of the previous sea son by 35,148,580 bushels, having exported 245,2.85 883 busnels against 210,137,303 - bushels. General commodity prices are holding" steady, averaging a shade lower on the wnole. Live stock prices are firm, some new price ""records being made at north western markets. Sugar is lower. Dry goods and footwear markets'are quiet. Textiles liold firm. Makers of finished*: steel products are hesitating about book/ ing orders even for delivery at" remote dates, such is the uncertainty of the fu ture pig iron supply. ''. V "- Failures for the week were 194 against 193 last yearT Bank clearings decreased by 19.3 per cent, principally from a fall ing off in New York. Minneapolis again leads the twelve important centers with an increase of 80.9 pen cent and clearings of $11,558,316. , Dividend and interest disbursements on July 1 are expected to be the largest in .the country's history,- and the N e w Y o r k banks and trust companies are preparing to meet the "demand- for funds. Approxi mately $125.iO0O,0OO will v disbursed. The stock market me with a surprise in the action of the court in making per-* manent .the injunction restraining the steel corporation from carrying out its stock conversion plan. The plan was to convert $200,4)00,00.0 of preferred stock into bonds. To this a minority of the preferred stockholders -have demurred on the ground .thaiJthe company has not the* right to put a fixed charge ahead of their dividends. This was.the signal for a raid on the steel stocks, which threw off the market all around, but ... recovery was made on later buying support. Money remains easy a n d leading bank ers do not expect any "materially higher rates for he present. - '.' THE THREATENED STRIKEA POSSI- BLE RESULT The country cannot contemplate the possibility of a general strike in all the coal mines of the nation without a shud der. If the national convention of mine workers, which is to meet in Indianapolis July 17, should vbte to order a general strike it is certain that it would suspend practically all of the mines in the coun try, for a time at least." It is plain that the coal miners were never so complete ly organized as now and it is probable that the total number of men obeying the strike order would be greater than the total membership of the union, which is now 300,000 out of a possible 450,000. The. moment the mines closed he price of coal would begin to rise, and within three months the supply would be ex hausted. The prospect of the immense manufacturing industries of the country,, now throbbing with unparalleled activity^ suddenly brought to a standstill by lack of coal', is terrifying. A condition of peace and plenty and contentment would immediately be changed to one of discord, scarcity and unrest.' Millions of men would be thrown out of work, the transportation systems would be paralyzed, waterworks would be shut down, the whole nation would be in i . - the condition of a starving man, for coal is the food of manufacturing industries. If this menace is realized we shall not envy the anthracite miners and anthra cite-carrying railways. The nation will summarily find them guilty of the whole wretched business. But through such a strike thus brought on the coal monopoly may work its own abolition. " The necessity of forever,removing, from the realm of possibility another such catastrophe as the closing of the coal mines would make the question of owner ship and control of coal mining a ques tion of national importance. Men will ask whether it is safe to permit the indus tries and welfare of a whole nation to be jeoparded through private control of coal mines which are the product of no man's skill, which'cannot be replaced, which ar^ needed by the whole nation. In other words, such a strike as that now threatened, which is possible because the anthracite barons look upon the strike at their mines as mere means of making more money for themselyes, will likely raise the question of nationaliza-: tlon of coal mines. It might be brought into the realm of practical politics with lightning-like rapidity. The mine owners would, then find that they have killed the goose that has laid them so many golden e g g s , ' ' - . ' - ' . - - : . ,...- "-o~" '-.- .- Jf the government, In defense qf ^he industries of the nation, has to purchase the coal mines, ho fancy prices will be paid. There will, be a feeling that, what the miners have made in the past out of what is a sort of national heritage should make them content with a low valuation for condemnation. ,- ness nien to organize to control politics for their selfish purposes. Such/move ments divide a homogeneous "community into warring camps, and' tend to establish class lines, Legislation becomes narrow instead of broad,, for portions of "Cne^com- munity instead of the wholeV Cattlemen are going to experiment with raising beef cattle in the southern states. The south is lamentably deficient in beet cattle and probably could with great ease raise enough beef to feed itself and pro duce a Wg surplus. " The curtailment of the free ranges of. the wfest does Iriot necessarily mean that -this: country must Skimp itself op'meat. '!. . The mayor says he approves of the po-r lice department's "managemehtj and that he isn't finding fault with anyone. Well, we might have expected that, - v We are about to have another practical illustration of the inefficiency of the Min neapolis waterworks. In order to keep \the reservoir from running dry it is nec essary or "will soon be to pump into the mains water taken in at the West Side pumping station., water that is. known to be contaminated with disease-carrying germs to a very dangerous degree. There 1897 Senator Burrows and other senators kis no manner of doubt that the moment voted for the Dingley tariff bill, wnich includes a reciprocity clause reducing i 'tariff duties 20 q?er cent on imports of a g ^ f country desiring to trade with us on the '&jk fame terms. Tney seem to have changed m?. water Is turned into the mains numbers of persons will as bad as have their death warrants- signed. It has been proved beyofid *hjEi possibility'of dispute tha t6 lurni^n-tfcatfWer i to,incfeas ^3*= ..iJ "if.. ._ i'1 '-'". ^ J *," ''V^&fr r..,jj A,V iuJtS UNIONISM IN POLITICS Numerous as are the workmen of Amer ica, and strong as are their organizations, comparatively few workmen have a p - peared in American public life. There are at least "two causes for this difference between the United States and France and England. Here, speaking generally, the labor unions have never gone* into politics as organizations for the purpose of electing workmen to office. In tb'e sec ond place so many American public men were once workmen .themselves tbat^there has'not appeared to be a need for actual workmen to seek office. But the multiplication of strfkes and a growing feeling among the unions that the courts are not just ,to them in ques tions growing,'but of strikes, and dissat isfaction with the attitude of executive authorities during strikes,. have recently led to a pronounced labor .movement in politics in this country. It has not yet given us any congressmen to correspond to the workmen of the English parlia ment, but it has given us many mayors. The' mayor of San FranGisco is. a uiilori niusiclan 'of Des Moinejs, a. .teamster of Ashtabula, a switchman of-Sioufc -City land Yonkers. a printer of Hartford, a clerk, and of Bridgeport a stoker.. However-we may regard this tendency it is likely to increase in strength., in the next few years. Eugene V. Debs is now preaching it as the true way for labor to come into its own. Strikes he regards as but weak instruments com: pared with control of the .machinery of government' by labor. He preaches wherever he goes the duty of all employes to unite in a'political party which, by the mere fact of its creation will give labor control of the legislature, the courts and the executive. Heretofore in this country the. con-' servative labor leaders have not favored the creation o | a labor, party. ~~ Organized political, efforts by unions have generally resulted in injury ,to the unions. The American Federation of labor has opposed political action by organizations, though it has always favored the intelligent ex ercise of the franchise by the individual member to the promotion of labor inter est^. And as a rule the respect and-fear for the labor vote,- unaffected by any at tempt to swing organizations as such, to one party or another, has potently af fected every degree of American politics. Thus legislatures are generally inclined to look favorably upon legislation in tended to ameliorate the condition of labor, even though there may" notvbe -a single unionist in the legislature. The New York Independent attributes the present tendency' to the action of the courts in using the'- power of injunction so arbitrarily. Labor .leaders have eon eluded that even peaceable strikes have been defeated in tek- purposes by un necessary injunctions, and they have con cluded that the only way to curb ithe courts is to control legislation defining the jurisdiction of courts or even to elect magistrates^favorable to the aspirations of labor. v ^ -The public'will deplbrelany' class move ment in politics. The. Farmers' Alliance was a mistake. It is a mistake for busi- *) THE KAISER SERMONIZING - A dispatch froja- Aix-La-Chapelle states the Emperor"William delivered an address there on Thursday of a strong religious quality, giving. 4t the dignity of a ser mon as, indeed, appears from the extracts cabled. ..'....\*[ The emperpr i s - a very good preacher and he is no novice in fnat art, for he, not infrequently^ as head s^the Lutheran church in Prussia, mounts the pulpit and delivers religious discourses. : At Aix-Lk-' Chapelle he was inspired by the histortc environage, for it was there that the old emperors of tSermany were crowned, dur ing ^nearly elgbt centuries and Charle magne was born and buried there and made Aix-La-3bapell the capital of that portion of Ills empire north of the Alps. The sermon of. William breathed the very spirit of t h a t dogma of divine right ism so'strongly affirmed by his grand father, and in the ninth century by the Emperor Charlemagne, head of the "Holy Roman Empirer"-'That empire, built up by. the conquests.'of. Charlemagne as the. resuscitated western- Roman empire which had passed away, was dismembered soon after his death", Italy retaining the titu lar-supremacy, as, it contained the.ancient seat of the Roman -empire. -The'eastern and westernrdivisiohs preserved their in?" tegrity as France and Germany, while the central portion- extending, from the North sea to the north-boundary of the Kalian peninsula,^consisting of small provinces, became the bone of contention among the stronger, until Otho revived the Imperial title in the tenth'century. As the Emperor William said in liis.jsermon, the successors of Charlemagne did not have the strong personality to enable them to hold the empire together and they, "striving to up hold the world-wide imperium, forgot the :cause Of Germania, so that, little by lit tle,-the Gernian. land and people.decayed' and the Roman empire of Ge-rman nar tionality fell ...to pieces." The so-cailed' German empire which terminated i n i8jfe by- the obtrusion. and .conquests of Nar poleon, was an imperium hut in name, while claiming universal dominion, its pretensions extending to every province on the continent. t It was, a dominion largely imaginary^ It passed away and the confeaer^igjei tot the Rhine^ followed, and,' when, the -map-of Europe was re adjusted after the" Napoleonic'wars tli'e German state's:Ibbsely held together as a Germanic federation, which was absorbed by Prussia info't'he new empire created by the old ^ajker,, Wilhelm and Bis marckiy --:.'- r'-.V. /-. '. /- - ~* ! The emperor, _^n b^s sermon at.'Alx^La,-" phapelle/dWeit^j^j^^h^tB^-o^.the^p/es-, ent .empire.' .He .fltfst- dwelt upon "the mighty army'of Germany*' as the sole sup porter iOf peace i n Europe and then-as a sober second tthcfiight deelared that he had placed crown, people and army under-the proteQtion of Gb^x and said that the'"sole aim.iSnould^beiitfli upbold and strengthen,5 the fear^^ of f God s .a M eW.rencS/for relig^' ion." It wouiiteappear that' this strong confession df religious belief wa#.pu forth to contradict the many 'reports in Germany that tlfe kaiser was abandoning the faith of hisofathers. i After lauding the arnly'and the ooril mercial enterprisoc of Germany,"- /he, re?, ferred to - such" $rogresa_ as "t^e " world wide-imperium after -which Germanic gen-t jus strives." This may be taken, in two ways. , Germany's world-wide imperium may be an Imperium of the arts of peace with. Germany's- swords .^urned into ikrm ing implement* or it may be an imperium hpheld by arms and gunpowder. ..The kaiser does not lose sight of the "mighty German army." It would seem to be-re garded by him as an essential adjunct to keep well i n hand ready for use. A curioUs part of the - emperor's dis course is his deference to Pope Leo, .who sent him a - message _ to the effect that Germany was -^the .country In Europe iwhere the /church could live/' the -infer ence, being t*at?Germahy"is the only xonn try In Europe' where the church :(the pope's church) JCih live. . The^pope can: hardly forget," ^however, that therie are remnants of the disturbing Falk laws of 1873-74 still on the Prussian statute boooks and that t h e . banished Cardinal Ledowchoffsky is -yet-in Rome and that the echoes of his .predecessor's curses, laid upon the protectant Hohehzollern dynasty, still vibrate. The emperor,' in dead, talks as if he i s nearly ready to take up his line of march to Canossa. . of this that an unfavorable turn In the weather is Sufficient to start apprehen sion the world over. , For four years. France had reserves from her crops and stood independent of exporting countries. Hence a light yield last year did not necessitate heavy im portation as there "was old wheat to be drawn upon. Stocks are now lighter, however, and France needs a good aver age yield this year to hold her independ ence. .'' v In .Germany the effect of the financial depression. which that country is slowly shaking, off, was felt in the grain trade. German bankers were slow to extend credits to grain houses, and their conser vatlveness has bred something of a hand to mouth policy. With the German finan cial situation on* the mend, importing houses will probably be in position to carry larger stocks. ' Germany had a h*eavy loss in winter Wheat last year and her rye crop was cot down by - 40,'000,000 bushels, so that even much more than France she needs a good yield to even up. From this time on it may be expected that" the American grain trade will watch the progress of the European crops with increasing, interest. "General Wood, replying to David B Hill, says t h a t he has either a profound ignorance of the subject to^which he refers or else an absolute disregard1 of the truth. He probably has both, the former pro ceeding from the latter. ing in the work of research, to turn from the1 exercise of their /profession or trade- to its improvement, to turn from practice to theory, from aotivity to reflection. Such a university will be no somber in stitution apart, from the^life^of the peo ple no place for boys getting culture by leading the president's cow to the chapel stager-no place for men seeking education and devoting their best energies to shov ing an inflated piece of pigskin over a goal line no place for men and women to waste precious years imperfectly learn ing a lot of stuff that is neither culture, nor learning and in the getting of which there is-*far less discipline than is popu larly supposed. The Minnesota delegation is all at once evincing" a remarkable interest i n r e c l ^ proclty with Canada. Our system of logic does not make It clear to us how opposi tion to Cuban reciprocity will help prepare the delegation to deal effectively with Canadian reciprocity, but they- will find that the people of this state will stand with them on most any kind of'reciproc ity. We. hope that the Minnesota delega tion is not for, Canadian reciprocity, be cause it Is not now" a question actually pending in congress. We hope also that when it does become a Hying question lumber will not take the place beet sugar plays in Cuban reciprocity. DEMOCRATIC HARMONY Harmony and democracy are as blend able as oil and water. Democracy with harmony would not be democracy. Dem ocracy is a party without order. Harmony in democracy would be unrecognizable. We are moved to these remarks by the truly humble spirit in which Henry Watr terson receiveis President Cleveland's Tilden CJUD speech. .* ' - Under the caption, "A Death's Head at a Feast," Colonel Watterson, after de claring that Tilden died with words of scorn and contempt upon his lips for Gro ver Cleveland, proceeds to say these nice things about the ex-president. He (Tilden) understood perfectly the coarse texture of Mr. Cleveland's physical and men tal makeup his obtuse' selfishness' his Ignorant obstinacy his vulgar self-assertion his Indefatigable duplicity. That Mr. Cleve land should put himself forward as a conjec turable party leader is proof of a self-confi dence which would be sublime if it were not sinister because leadership with him means office and nothing but office. : The capacity of these democrats to get together after all these years of dissen sion is indeed amazing. i,-..'V:"^.',.- "' ' '"' . L- ' What a deplorable commercial age this is,' TPwo St. Paul boys ran away from home to Michigan!, not to kill Indians and hunt mountain lions, but to get rich pulling weeds in the sugar beet fields. New Mexico continues to breed a race of fighters. A boy of that territory has just killed six Indians who had killed his father and a rancher shot five cowboys in a fight over some springs. As New Mex ico has just about the population of the Boer republics it is evidence that the United States will not lack for men handy with the rifle if we ever get into another war. Governor Aycock of North Carolina has offered a reward of $30,000 for the arrest of members of a mob that lynched an in nocent man. That man Aycock is the right kind and we. shall be surprised if some of the lynchers do not land in prison, with a consequent decline in interest In lynch ing bees in his*state. , , . l f T . . . . . . - - . - - - . r r r The Nonparej) Man - I ITIMUII A large section: of- the anarchist ques tion In the United States Would be dis posed of if a good volcano, would,.let go. nearrPaterson, N. J. " ", - V/' : ^ "'.':", . l\ ^ EUROPEAN GRAIN CROP .? '* ^% ' During the week the-attention, of Ithe speculative grain trade has been directed: towards France.^ Paris wheat pricest have been ctrong and advancing. The. cables brought the news that the weather in France has been less favorable for crops. . It has not been,claimed that there' is any serioiis damage. ....:"./'- France fills an important place in the Wheat production of the world. Embrac ing an area not niuch larger than Minne sota end thipijtW DakotaB, she raises'an annual:-wheat^rpbjthat a&ay be averaged ^t aboiit 840JO00 000 -bushels: 88me,'year^ tbV. yield exceeds -'this ky coBsidier?ible. ' last Veai1' It-was down to approximately 306,000,000 busnels/ Except iri times of bountiful Crops France exports no/wheat she needs it all herself. When the yield falls below the average to any appreciable degree, France imports ' wheat. Fifty million bushels either way may. turn Jaer position. , To the present time the European wheat crop outlook on the whole nas been very promising, and France has stood in line for a good yield. There is nothing* on which to base v belief that the prospect h&s been njateriiiair lowered, yet. s'tf'se^sl-1 CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF EDUCATION The present is a time of change and unrest in the educational world. Oni every hand arise men who audaciously attack the very foundations of the present sys teni of education from the kindergarten ^o the professional and post graduate courses.,-, -.,, ^ s ,-.. -..'..-- . The grades' of the puolic schools are accused of doing more harm than good and. ofi being J organized instrumenits for ""the perversion of juvenile human nature. The high schools are accused of teach ing their pupils pretty nothings and giv ing them smatterings of the numanitles when they ought: to be giving them use ful practical instructioni. training hand and .brain for Jhe Wo,rk of life, instead of inculcating a. distaste and something of contempt for that M*e-- ' The undergraduate college course is de clared to.be a monstrous waste of time spentjargely in acquiring nothing. . The study of the classics as conducted at present is declared to be an absolute failure. A hucldred. universities scarcely produce (one scholar a year who really knows Ms Latin and his Greek. The modern languages are studied in very lit tle better fashion, we are told. Finally the candidates for admission to the professional schools begin preparation for .-real life work with almost nothing in the. whole preceding fifteen or twenty years of their training that Supplies a'really good foundation for seri ous work. The idea is taking hold of minds every where that education has "heretofore been too. much a thing apart from life. The new idea is that education and educa itonal systems should be related to human lifer Xromt h e cradle to the grave. In the popular- Science Monthly for June, Pro fessor J. McKeen battel of .Columbia uni-. versity. discusses the present changing state, of the American university, a change that i s going on BO rapidly t h a t the entire system a s it exists now is only twenty five years of age, having come into ex istence since Johns Hopkins opened its doors. ^ The idea of the university as a group of professional schools with one^ school that serves as a sort of viaduct to all of them is more and more taking the place of the old. idea of a college or a university as a place where, as Lowell thought it should be, nothing useful was taught.. Says Professor Cattel: / Jh my opinion, the university is, OT should fer..a group of professional schools, giving the best available preparation for each trade and profession. It is more.feasible to give such training, than to teach culture and re search.. These, like the building of charac ter, are not the result of any particular kind of curriculum. Culture comes from daily and immediate association i with the best that the world.has, and this should be found at the university. * * - The colleges of Oxford and Cambridge were monasteries-for learned men before they became boarding schools. It may be our part here in America to, develop the true University a place where each would gladly learn and gladly teach opei\summer and winter, night and day a center in each community" for the conserva tion of the best traditions and for the orig ination of the newest ideas closely ih touch With,every forward moVement' In civic and national life a home from which will go out, and to which will return, oiir leaders in every department-of human activity. This is certainly a noble conception of the part the American university should and is coming to play in national life. It will, if this ideal and the tendency are realized, become the great fountain and renewer of national intellectuamen, l activity. C a u a l l y Observe)!. The fire department was called out at Ho boken and squirted on a few hundred riot ers the other day. Nothing throws cold water on an excited public uprising like a firs' department with its brass choo-choo. . A slight indication of moisture in the ice box shows that the ice man's conscience, such as it is, is clear. A morning paper states that several people gave the police "the wrong steer" to the Norbeck case. Judging by the amount of talk this "steer" must have had "lumpy Jaw." A Wisconsin man is said to get more for his strawberries because he .Is a graduate of the Wisconsin agricultural college. He* goes out on the strawberry patch and gives the agricultural college yelL and it acts like fertilizer on the growth of the rich, red fruit. The St Paul chief of police is also opposed to the courts. Mr. Hooper would freely present his chances of recovering that KohinoOf to any body who would relieve him of the advanced position be,.now holds in the public eye. A child having been stolen in New-York state from a house next to that occupied by A.v J. Whitman, the police at once with wonderful shrewdness laid the crime at A. J. Whitman's door. Possibly Whitman could tell something about Norbeck's whereabouts. Coffee John was off the reservation yester day. Brady's circus claims to have an elephant that smokes cigarettes. That's nothing. There was a lobster in this office to-day. smoking one of the criminal sticks., v EDITORIAL EXCERPTS S o m e t h i n g t o B e y h a n k f n l F o r . Chicago Inter Ocean. It is something to be Joyful over that the man who advances arbitration now Tanks in the illustrated columns' the man who pro motes agitation. Sized ' E m Vp Wronar. Chicago Chronicle. Some weeks ago we ventured the expression of the hope that the state of Arkansas had within its 'borders enough common decency to retire from polities 4T man who had Just been kicked out of the, iBaptist church upon undefended charges of drunkenness, gambling and general immorality. The Arkansas demo cratic convention has renominated Jefferson Davis . for governor ibv' a unanimous vote. This shows that we placed ^altogether too high an estimate upon the self-respect and civilization of Arkansas. That state evidently still belongs in the class with the kingdom of iatoomey and the sultanate of Suru. with persistent firmness. That portion of the public which Is ready to counseloviolencie and lProm It. will eo out trained -men tn u r * e striker s o n in th e defianc e f law s th e m p " w l " S m } trainee to tt^ fln|t w J e b e l 4 l B l l l l l i t ^ e inconvenience and they will return from time to time to tive Is the grain trade to-the Importance f recreater themselves from the toil of do- v ,-Wift., ? tett.^i^lim*3K J ^t.^ J s H ^V.^fe T v^., .aifc-t^yfifeftj&ftffiffi Ad-vice T h a t S h o u l d B e H e e d e d . list. Joseph CM6.) Gazette. "" ' The admonition which President Mitchell and hi3 associates are" giving to striking min ers to abstain from violence is a "piece of practical wisdom. Nothing brings a strike into more disfavor than lawlessness, but the tendency to violence will grow if not watched. la t h e M i l l e n n i u m Near? Chicago Chronicle. Salutation to Governor CLonglno of Missis-, sippi, who has ordered out the. state troops to protect a negro prisoner threatened with lynching. "Let the example be followed by Ills contemporaries of neighboring states, and we shall have au end of burnmgs and tortur ings. The gallows.is quite~as efficacious as the stake in-warning, evildoers.v . Ignoble. A c c u s a t i o n R e f n t e d . - "' -New York-Mali and Express. In their actions and utterances the Boers are giving a noble denial to the ignoble .accu sation that England hjslbed their leaders to end the war. Only false friends n Europe and this country could be guilty of trying to place this 6jaln upon the course of the South African patriots, which had been honorable from first to last.. T h e y S h o u l d K n o w B e s t . \ Pittsburg Dispatch. The senate baa at last taken a vote upon the issue of popular election of^ senators. That it resulted adversely was not unexpected. There are a large number^ of members who have no very high estimate of their chances of election at the polls. MINNESOTA POLITICS" DODGE IS OUT, John S. Dodge will pot . be chairman of the re- BYRNES IS CHOSEN, publican county con vention. Altho u g h" generally satisfactory, Mr. Dodge declined-to serve. It is understood ntat the powers jo charge of the Ray Jones campaign have de cided on Tim. Byrnes for chairman of the convention, and they will ask that he be .al- lowed to name the 113 delegates. ' X ' Ther is a well-defined rumor that the Hen- - nepin delegation is to be turned as far as - possible to Ivereon for auditor and to Reese for clerk Symptoms of a revolt have, already appeared, and unless the friends of the other . candidates get positive assurance of a "square deal" between now and Monday night, there will be a prettyyrow in. the convention Tuesr day. /Senator Roverud' wants to know In hi* - Caledonia Journal, "Why Ray Jones and nothing but Ray Jones on the republican ticket from Minneapolis?" and answers it as follows: - . . . . : Because Ray Jones is friendly to certain politicians in Minneapolis who desire to dic tate the makeup of the senate committees'tor the next session of the legislature. To make a strong republican ticket, Minneapolis should present a good, strong man, not, necessarily Ray Jones, as a candidate for clerk of the supreme court, and Join in with the rest of the state in nominating Senator H. J. Miller, of Rock county, for lieutenant gov ernor. -, Sam Langum says, in the Preston Times: It is authoritatively- stated that Senator Bert Miller, of Rock county, will accept the nomination for lieutenant governor if ten dered him, but that he will hot engage in a scramble to obtain the office. It will have all the indications of a scram ble, however, if Miller's name should be sprung on the convention. - 1' DEM. TICKET With a few shifts, the democratic state ticket UP TO DATE. is given out by Mr. Pardee's Argus again this week. It now reads: ..."./" : Governor, John LInd. /' - Lieutenant governor, W. H. Harries Of Caledonia. Secretary of state, Spurgeon Odell of Mar-." shall, (pop.) " V Auditor, A. G. Leiclc of Owatonna. Attorney General, T. J. Knox (pOp^), P. Fitzpatrick or Humphrey Barton. * Clerk of the supreme court, H. P. Hall. Railroad commissioner, P. M. Ringdal or T. J. Knox, both populists, or :W^ E. Mc- f Ewen of Duluth. Of this list, Linjl is not acandidate.^Hall is a candidate fc-r governor instead of the place allotted him, Spurgeon Odell is out of politics, and the Argus says of the first man named for railroad commissioner: , "Ringdal is perhaps the favorite, but he has growu almost as hard of hearing as Lind In the last few months, and perhaps the convention will not Insist on It." This is the Rosing view of Lind's obliga- - tion: ^ . - .' Lind's nomination seems a foregone con clusion. If the convention unanimously in sists on nominating him, in spite of his pro testa, he can'tiielp It very well. He has de clared himself a democrat and the first prin ciple of democracy is'-W submit to the will of the majority. Tne party has steadfastly re fused to entertain any. other suggestion, and Lind will naturally have to run. HALL'S BI^. IS "H-p, r Hall's Candida- . " - '- } . y for governor takes NOT ACCEPTED, immensely with the " ! "third estate," irre spective of politics, and it. is a matter of common remark that, outeide of John Lind, he would be as good a vote-getter as the democrats could name. Chairman Rosing haa served notice on (Mr. Hall, however, that the party has decided to nominate Lind, and qo others need apply. The notice comes via the official organ of democracy? the Red Wing Argus, which says: Mr. Hall, being a newspaper man and con stitutionally truthful, admits he would like mighty well to be governor, and does not hesitate to say that it is an honor to be gov ernor, an honor to be candidate of a great party for that Ihigh office. Furthermore, after the favorable reception given his name he can't help "feeling that he would be elected. And he would. It the party, had not made up. .Its minflfo*, Lind it would be ah excellent suggestion, even ' if the nomination does come from repnmlcaa sources. POPS HAVE FULL Attorney G e n e r a l Douglas ays the pop- LEGAlL STA'NiDI'NG. ulist party has a legal right tofnominate can didates in the various counties of the-state under 'the primary law and place them on. the election ballot as populist candidates. Now that fusion is barred, each party may put up. a separate ticket without resorting to peti-. tions. The opinion was. furnished to Victor F, Lawson, chairman of the populist state com mittee, and is given to.the public in his news paper, the Willmar Tribune. As the point is one of importance, the letter is given In f u l l / r - -. - -, . r The people's party retains Its rights as a party in-tnestate!as Weiras the democratia or republican parties. j jdepends upon tha action of the party this year whether it will retain these rights or not'after the next elec tion : - - - : - : . : - ' ^-: : By way of -comment, Mr. Lawson observes edTtorially: " ' The populists of Minnesota are disposed to be content to rest upon the record made by the railroad commission during Governor Lind's administration. That record Is the one crumb of comfort to the party for the many sacrifices it has made. Under the changed conditions of the present no sacrifice of party, prestige could' attain a victory that would reach the railroad commission, and through it the grain departments, and therefore populists are disposed to regard the election of a gov ernor alone this year ae a barren victory which would eventually do more to retard the political redemption of the state than other-, wise. Mr. Lawson'a attitude toward the Indorse ment of Lind by. the populists is clearly, shown in the following: . As forecast in this column, *r Duke W. Cowan of Sandstone entered the lists yester day for the republican nomination for. the' senate in the thirty-third district against L.. H. McKusick of 'Pine City. ' With Stark and: fats following pulling for. him in Chisago county, Kanabec county sore over being left out of the iMcKusick combination, and Dr. Cowan's popularity" in his home county, he will give the doughty senator from-'Pine aa uneasy summer. Representative N. W. Benson of CMnton Is said to be slatedfor renomination by the re publicans of Big Stone and Swift" counties. . Dick 'Norrish of Ortonvllle will probably be his democratic opponent Two republican candidates for the house., filed from the forty-fifth district yesterday. They are (Emmet Mark of Princeton, Mills Lacs county, a member of the last house, and H. E. Craig of Orrock, Sherburne county, who sat .in the legislatures of 1893 and 1885. There is a warm senatorial fight among the republican* of Steele county. , George W. Peachey, W..F. Sawyer and N. J. Shafer, all of Owatonna, are candidates. The democrats will run Senator Gausewitz for another term, but the republicans promise that no accidents will occur this year. J. R. Morley is a can didate . to succeed himself tn the Jhouse. Sherman Smith says he Is:a candidate for the senate and nothing else, and has no Idea of running for sheriff. l -43barles B. Chenay* *i\ ' . i m p o r t a n t I n t e r r o g a t i o n . .. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. France naturally wants to know if Pier pont 'Morgan's big fleet of steamships I* to be .convertible at. short notice IntoV armed naval, Xfssels. and, if so, Under what flag. Mr. "Morgan is getting into deep water When his combinations threaten to dominate the eea power of the world. T h e Work-Inarman's "Worst E n e m y . : Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph. Public Indignation over tbte wrongs or workingmen that encourages violence as a means of righting those wrongs Is a danger against which the striker should set his face loss that such a course is almost 6ure to en tail. ' " ' - HATTBBT W I T H A 8OCI1 ' v Philadelphia Times. What is said to* be the finest Panama bat in Washington is worn by Senator Frye. It was. sent to him by-a friend, and came without a band. Senator Frye sent it to. his hatter and directed that a. suitable. band be put around it. The hatter returned word that he would not put a needle in the. hat, as it was top good a bat to be punched full ot holes. The hatter said the piece, of headgear was worth over $100. He placed a loose band around the hat without thread' fastenings. TH W I S H IS FATHBJR," BTO.% St. Louis Star. f It is rumored that the Northern SeeuriUet company will win out In the great merges suit now pending in the United States circuit court of Minnesota. Stranger things hart happened, but as the rumor has Its origin in Wall street^ It Is possible that it is upon the dreams of the stook brokers. I i ! I */ % w& *k~L ^MK ?$mmmmmmmmmmimm%mmp? JT: ^