Newspaper Page Text
rt I I 37 i Walter Ci'ane, who has done so much to improve London, says: "Th great wa"nt in modern cities is trees. I should plant them wherever possi ble along the streets. Frequent open places should be arranged with foun tains and seats, and these ^again sur rounded with trees." This want still exists in most of our cities notwith standing the great interest which has developed within the last decade for civic improvement and embellishment. There is hardly a city or town in the county, of any note, that does not have its improvement association, and yet there are but few that have a regu lar system for tree planting on the public street or forth care of the trees already planted. A few in New England, notably Springfield, Mass., appropriate large sums each year for the care of the trees, which are placed in the care of a forester, who has absolute control of planting, trimming and removal. Such an officer is much needed in Minneapolis, which, thru the influence of its park board, is fast becoming one of the best planted cit ies in the country. Bu the 12,000 trees which the board has planted have been sadly neglected, and are growing misshapen, thru the lack of funds to give them proper -care and attention, and there are yet miles of streets on which there planting. The park board has authority to plant trees on any street and to assess the cost abutting property, and it should be encouraged to vigorously push this branch of its work, and fur nish means for paying for the care and maintenance of all trees on public streets. No one will dispute that trees are among the greatest attractions of any city or village, but they are much more than that, they are conducive to the health and comfort of the inhab itants. It is well known that the leaves absorb poisonous gases, and possess the power of cooling the air thru the co-operation of moisture. A well known writer says: ''The exhaling power of leaves has been most carefully investigated, and observations have shown the exhala tion of a single leaf during one season amount to the by no means insigni- HinHIHMHHMHIHHHHMHMMtmnmMI To prevent disappointment or possi ble failure in tree planting, the ground which is to be the home of the tree should be properly prepared, the ex cavation to be made for it should be liberally large, especially so where the grade of the street was cut down sev eral feet below .the natural surface, and the subsoil is not in a mechanical condition, to furnish any nourishment rto the roots, and if not supplied with plenty of good loam, they will linger out a sickly existence, or die outright. Trees of a variety unsulted for a lo cality or objectionable in any other re spect should not be selected, nor should they be planted by inexperi- HMIIIUMHtUHIIIllIlflHHMlHi The first requisition for the plant ing of a plum orchard is a suitable location. This should be, if possible, in moist, rich ground, sloping to the north or northeast. By utilizing said slope the trees suffer less from drougth than they would on level land or a southern slope. And they are held back a little later in starting in the spring and the buds and bloom are not as liable to be caught by spring frosts. But if you haven't the above location, plant on any that you may have. The age of the plum trees to plant is a question that planters differ wide ly upon. The writer prefers one-year old whips. Th meaning of whips is one year's growth from the graft, the graft not being allowed to branch but grown as a whip. After planting they should be cut back to about twenty inches or two feet from the ground, and when they start to grow keep all buds rubbed off but four or five at the top, and the planter will get a nice head or top the first summer, and his trees will be all uniform as to size. As to varieties to plant, it depends largely upon the end to be attained. If for market, the largest of our na tive improved sorts should be used. If for family or domestic use, size is not so essential. There are many good varieties to select from, grown thru out the state by many Minnesota nurserymen. Pl um trees should be planted not nearer than sixteen feet apart each way, and sixteen feet in the row, and the rows twenty feet apart is still bet ter. Many, readers no. doubt will ask why so far apart. The answer is that plums need sunshine and a free cir culation of fresh air in order to thrive at their best. If deprived of sunshine and fresh air by close planting, they do not fertilize as well at blooming time and it is a well-known fact to most fruit growers that they cannot successfully grow any kind of fruit in the shade. And plum rot Is pretty sure to attack a close-planted plum orchard. Th plat for the orchard should be ks near square as practical, and plant as many as from four to six different varieties. By this method the differ-* mmmmm^smm 14 MONDAY EVENING, 4''.V VALUE OF STREET TREES AND-THEIR CARE By Ohaxles M. Loring, Park Commissioner of Minneapolis. no regular STREET PLANTING By T. Nussbaumer, Superintendent of Parks, St. Paul, Minn. To obtain the best results in street planting, the first necessity is, a care ful selection of the most promising in dividuals of such kinds of trees as have proved their ability to endure the hardship and uncongenial surround ings which they are subject to. Such trees are carefully grown nursery trees. They should be of the best form and habit, and be planted in- the most approved manner in the best soil procurable and after planting they should receive unstinted intelligent care so as to assist a healthy good growth. Health and vigor are the beauties of a tree. Shade trees on city streets should be planted not less than forty feet apart, and on a contin uous street, they should be of the same size and variety, so as to give unity of character and consistency of purpose as a Avhole. Frontage owners should not be permitted to select and plant their own trees on the street, as the ef fect produced is bad and grows worse as the individual habit of the trees de velops, and intensifies the incongruity of the mixed planting. City street planting must be formal, as straight lines suggest uniformity. I is unlike the so much admired diversity of growth seen along country roads, be cause here it must be made to assist the architectural effect of the parallel lines of buildings which can only be secured by uniformity in planting. An avenue planted with American elms, with their lofty over-arching tops, is beautiful, seen as a whole, because the charm of each tree is multiplied by constant repetition, while a mixed planting on a street lin has an ap public pearance of contradiction and incon gruity. ill ficant depth of 1.31 inches." At a meeting of the New York Med ical society a resolution was passed in which the opinion was expressed that "one of the most effective means for mitigating the intense heat of the summer months, and diminishing the death rate among childfen, is the cul tivation of an adequate number of trees'on the streets." One great mistake- the amateur tree planters made is in setting trees too near together. AH over this a\id other cities, the deplorable effect of this can be seen. Practical experi ence teaches that elm trees should be at least forty feet apart, else they never reach perfection of form or vigor. There are many elm trees in New England having a spread of top of over 100 feet, and yet, every sea son one will see planters setting trees from ten to twenty feet apart. This should be prohibited by law. The American white elm is the queen of trees for street planting, but it is folly to plant but one variety in a city or village. I would recom mend, next to the elm, that hardiest of all trees, the Huckberry, next the white, or silver maple. Th trunk of this variety must hav* protection from the rays of the sun, and should be kept well "headed in for three years after planting. I will then form a close head and withstand the winds as well as an elm. The1 American linden is a beautiful tree if well cared for. It, as well as all smooth bark trees, must have its stem protected. A guard made of two inch strips of board is the best pro tector, but straw rope or building pa per may be used. When planting, dig a large hole and fill with plenty of rich loam. Mulch well, and water once in two weeks, without regard to showers, not sprinkle, but give the roots a thoro soaking, cultivate around every spring and do not permit the grass to grow within three feet of the tree. Give your trees as mu ch care as you would a hill of corn and you will have no dead trees to replace.. enced persons, as is done in some cities under the contract system where the planting goes to the lowest bidder. When the frontage owner is compelled to pay for trees absolutely worthless and while he is waiting for the trees to die, so much time is lost in which good trees properly selected and planted would have made substantial growth, to the delight instead of the dismay of the owner of frontage. The pruning and trimming of street trees should be placed in competent hands, for no street tree, however, beautiful, is safe from attacks of the saw and ax in the hands of some ignor ant person,who not only often destroys the symmetry of it but generally in flicts ugly raw wounds to invite the entrance of destructive fungi which cause premature death to the trees. Tree lawns along residence streets should be made as wide as possible and the roadways narrowed to an ab solute necessity for utility of their pur pose (thirty or thirty-two feet is suffi cient.) Th trees when possible should be planted five or six feet back from the curb-line this without any other protection would save it from being gnawed by ill-bred horses, but trees close to the sidewalk must be protected from the boy's whittling knife. The planting of shrubbery and flowers on street lawns cannot be, popularized for the reason that very few plants will do well in shaded situa tions, or under trees and on account of the depredation to which they are subject to by dogs and boys along our thorofares. Therefore, besides the planting of shade trees," our front lawn gardening should not extend be yond the sidewalk line, but what really should be encouraged is the planting of the back-yard and screening off of outbuildings. The suburban house grounds should be treated differently. Here the planting should be done in the most informal manner and possible existing natural features or decorative crea tions, may to good advantage be ex tended so as to skirt the adjoining driveway or public highway. The most successful suburban home in its enchanting effect, is created by judicious natural planting of trees and shrubs, and by preserving or stimu lating other spontaneous growth in untamed luxuriance. MMaMMMMmiMMHaaMMMtMM, THE POSSIBILITIES OF A PLUM ORCHARD IN MINNESOTA AND DAKOTA By 0. W. Moore, Spring Valley, Minn. ent kinds will fertilize each other, as it is a well known fact that many of our best improved native varieties are self sterile when planted alone. After planting, shallow cultivation should be kept up often enough to keep down all weeds and grass of whatso ever kind, allowing nothing to grow in the orchard but the trees and per haps some low-growing hoed crop, and the ground should receive a good dressing of well rotted manure either in spring or fall of each year until the trees are well into bearing, after which time the land may be seeded* to medium red clover and the clover cut from time to time and left on the ground as a fertilizer. The Prun as Americana or native plum is supposed to endure the cli mate of the northwest anywhere this side of the Canadian line, and per haps beyond. A word of caution may be timely here to all who contemplate purchasing plum trees, to be sure from some trustworthy source that your trees are grafted on native plum roots. Minnesota nurserymen are growing their plum trees by the above method at the present time. Should there still be those that are grafting on tender roots, the writer is not aware of the fact. There may be readers who are ingood clined to deride the name, native plum. But it their true name, and we cannot change it if we would. They were here before the white man came. They are still with us, but in a very much improved form. But you ay ask, how has this been brought about? I has been done largely by planting pits of the best and growing them to fruiting age. Planting the pits of the best of these seedlings' and growing them until they bore fruit, which was perhaps crossed, fer tilized by some good varieties growing near by. Planting pits of the best of these as before, and so on. This work, has been carried forward for the last thirty-five or forty years by a fewest persistent, pains-taking, hopeful hor ticulturists that would not recognize the meaning of the word "fail." An :r:: :Sl^i^iil^.^f,J k^ .,:::y'.^ the result of their wo rk is that we have many native plums to-day that are worthy of cultivation. The above article does not state all that relates to the plum question. Some of the drawbacks to plum culture are bar riers, curculio, plum, gouger, apis or leaf louse, plum packet, plum rot and spur blight. To explain how and when to combat all of these at this writing would extend -this article to unrea sonable Jength. C NOBILITY OF SERVICE ADDRESS PRESIDENT CYRUS NORTHROP A A BANQUET GIVEN THE HORTICUL- TURAL SOCIETY O MINNE- SOTA, DEC. 3 1903. Mr. Toastmaster, Ladies and Gen- tlemenI have in the course of my life had occasion to address a great many assemblies of different kinds, and they come to me always with a certain degree of lifficult in meeting the requirements of the occasion. I think I never pondered over a coming engagement with more apprehension that I did last summer when I was called upon to give an address before the national convention of under takers of this city. I had in my good nature granted their request to make them an address and consented to ap pear on that occasion and speak to the convention, but I had no idea that that convention would ever meet in Minneapolis, or if it did that I should be here at the time but, unfortunate ly, I remained in the city all summer and I went to that convention, and I had a good time, but what I suffered in anticipation can be imagined only by gentlemen who are called upon to ad dress assemblies without an oppor tunity for adequate preparation. I am too young a an to have had any remembrance of those reminis cences given here to-night. I was in the state probably about the time that Brother Harrison was serving as an advance guard, so to speak, of the ad vancing army of civilization, and my only regret is that he did not stay in Minnesota instead of going to Ne braska and trying to sweeten up that state. If he had stayed here I have no doubt the cause of horticulture would have been advanced more than it has. I remember the first years I was here, how comparatively weak the horticultural society was, and how I admired the fidelity of the few men who were putting their hearts into it Wym an Elliot for one, and J. S. Harris, a sweet-natured, earnest, faithful fel low, and as I look back over the years that have followed since my first ex perience and as I look around upon you to-night as representatives of this work, and as I see what you are ac complishing in the production of ap ples in this state, I am moved to say that I heartily agree with the senti ment expressed in the evening paper, that no body of men in Minnesota, of the same number of men, is doing as much for themselves and for the state of Minnesota as this body of horticul turists and it is to me particularly delightful the enthusiasm which as in dividuals you have, as well as the community of interest you feel in the progress of your work. When a man plows an infinite number of acres, sows an infinite amount of seed and reaps an infinite harvest, and goes to the bank ultimately and deposits his cash, it is entirely a commercial and business operation but when a man laboriously studies the laws of life, hybridizing, developing and creating new species, and there comes into ex istence a new life, so to speak, some thing that never was before, why it is almost like being a partner to the Almighty in creation, and I cannot help feeling that these horticulturists, as they produce one thing after an other that is new, feel for ^the object thus produced a feeling almost akin to parental love. Now you are doing the state of Minnesota a wonderful amount of good, and you are doing it in or three ways. I stepped into your meeting yesterday and I heard parts of two. addresses, one by Mr. Rowly and the other by Mr. Harrison. Th one presented very strongly the com mercial value of your work in produc ing the best of apples, and the other dealt with very much effectiveness upon the creation of beauty. Yo are doing great things in both re spects in making it possible for this state to produce what years ago it seemed impossible for it to produce. You are giving a value to this state in dollars and cents that cannot now be measured and the other part of what you are doingthe garden work, the interest in flowers, in the creation of beauty and in creating a taste for beauty, is to be by no means under estimated. If you men do not feel it as much as you might, there are those under your roofs who do feel it there are the wives and daugh ters not perhaps those of the more intelligent men of the state like your selves, but those whom you are trying to raise and lift up to stand on the platform you stand on and have the interest you feel. There are in all of these houses women whose souls nat urally feed upon beauty and- who, unless they have beauty to feed upon, will grow dull and commonplace, and the man who loves flowers and the man who makes it possible for every one in the state to have flowers, and the man who multiplies the varieties that all tastes in the state may be gratified, is doing a beneficent and a noble work and these old men who have grown gray in the service, and who have put their hearts into the little plants they were trying to raise and into the methods of future development of the raising of fruit, may well rejoice at the opening of this century that they have so far cleared the way that the younger men com ing on will be able to complete wh at they have intended to do and if there is now any doubt whatever as to the possibilities of our climate if any one still fears that this climate is too cold for the permanent raising of ap ples, I would suggest that if our whistling friend, Mr. Ellis, could be p'ut in some of our forests during the winter the public faith in the climate of-Minnesota would be great ly strengthened, as all the people would naturally suppose that entire flocks of birds ha3 taken up their permanent residence in Minnesota be cause the climate was so benign. I have said in a few words wh at I think about the work of the Horticultural society, and now I come to my text* "The Nobility of Service." I want to say that a selfish life is never a noble ife, and I want to say that a life of unselfish service is never anything but, a noble life, and that the men who are trying to do some thing, hot for themselves, but for the of the state and of the people who shall live here in the years to come who as they create a new species of fruit, are not thinking of the dollar coming into their pocket as the reward, but are thinking of the good coming to the state in which they live and to future generations of people, are the men who in a really altruistic spirit are serving in a way that is truly noble. There is no higher ideal for any man, there can be higher ideal, than Jesus Christ, and he, leaving all the glory that he had, came into the world, not to be min istered unto, but to minister and to give himself for others and the no blest man and the noblest woman is i always the one who comes the near to him in the spirit of service and self-sacrifice. THE MINNEAPOLIS JOUBNAL.:" Mile Record, Half-Mile Record, v, Pj^w.1??*1 mversall twoCurious ^rta,ni,S a E a 2_T ttiZ?** African Sickness Has Already Killed 68,000 People. New York Sun. The American Board of Commis-i sioners of Foreign Missions has issued a statement concerning the ravages The Fastest Harness Horsei DAI Hi a]reJ .I^711if th .<p>BEAUTIFUL, et 3 ?eC mp su C0 T^l \J???~Z]?l%g2V?fLshVrs Celebrated th ROSEiHIkli Defective Page WDAN PATCH 1:^. DIRECTUM 2:05K. ROY WILKES 2:06*4 ArCarriagByHorses, Owned INTERNATIONAL STOCK,FOOD CO.,Hogs,e Broo SLEEPING-TO DEATH $ 25?9 ?2 TSS&fJgTJ?^08 &JL J?.^?^^ RI MilTeSRecorhdPA1CH 11 HJPAFSs!J?F JANUARY 18, 1904. S$SSSGG^^G^$GGSfrfrft DAN PATCH 1:56M i stor ce E HOLDS THE FOLLOI NAG WR LR RECORS: 1:56* MilJe ReoorId to Wagon, 1:5?* Mile Record to High Wheel Sulky, 0:5?65 i y hav *A PAC ta EAR DA N EL E Mile as 5 ace THIiS TIME WA? Wprld-FamouSHIPPED on Half-Mile Track, 8:03K Reoord, N HAS PACE TE N MILE S FROMTwo-Mile 58:00 TT O 1:56* HA S PACE TWENTY-TWO- MILE S FRO 8:01 O 1:56* EsN MILES IN 1903 THAT AVERAGED 1:59 4-11 AND DURING Colored HIS M^lD PICTURE FREE S 10,000 MILESdFROM JUN TO DEC. 1st Stallio and have publishe a an MagnificentE WDAN PATCH SOLD FOR $60000 IN 190* AN IS NOW VALUED AT $150,00 0. of the strange epidemic known as the "sleeping sickness" now prevalent in certain parts of Africa. Notwith standing all efforts on the part of the British authorities, there is no abate ment in the ravages of the disease in Uganda. It appeared there between two andAnother three years ago, probably coming from Largest Nursery Near the Twin Cities Twin .City orders planted and guaranteed without extra charge. Orders shipped to all points in the north- west. It will-pay.-you to visit our nursery before order- ing elsewhere. We sold over one million trees, shrubs and plants the past year. Lithograp. acknowledeed to be amos WonderfuPl Horse, andE with his combined qualities ofL champion speed, gooOd breeding, conformation and"erv kind^S?A. OFItT I S RINTDI N SIX BRILIANT COLRS ~3p@ Trainer and Driver. M. B. McHenry. and Dan Patch exactly as they appear in their famous^es. The colored Erewe send is opinionfU isfreelUnrexpressed by horsemen that Be Is The Greatest Stallion That Bas EverAppeared On Earth. Agricultural Colleges send to usforhiricturMtouse in the^cofle^"SSI* TMS fnU large reproduction of the above engraving and everyone pronounces it the most life-like horse picture ever published of a marvelous horse. Every lo-- of a horse ouo-ht to v.J^iV# these pictures. The demand is tremendous and over Two Million Copies will be sent out to farmers and stockmen marvelous nrse. .every io ot a horse ought to have one of I WILL E MAILED O YOU FREE SJT Postage Prepaid I VOU ANSWER THESE 2 QUESTIONS--AT ONCE. 1st.-How Much Stock O A ll Kinds You Own? Snd.-Name Paper I Which Vou Saw This Offer. l^sm5^Br*| -INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., M!MKEAupluA $*Picture will Not be mailed unless you answer the questions."* Mares Colts Race Horses Cattle Etc. Ea "InternationalINTERNATIONAL*STOCKyFOOD Stock Food' Ever Day ROS E HIL NURSERY ESTABLISHED 1874. the Congo.' No less than 68,000 per sons have died of it, 10,000 within the last five months. A commission sent from England, headed by Colonel Bruce, has decided that the disease is scattered by a fly called kivu, but no antidote has yet been discovered. commission is said to be inof prospect to see what can be done to Twin City Phone from either city- Park 6173. in thlet World^AA^^^hliUz Complete? Imke ver?"fine "^^r^n RECORDHWSi THNA NOY HOSE THA HASD EVER MVJEa). of Dan Patch 1:56K, Printed in Six Brilliant Colors and Size 21 h 2S And Ar The Leading Stallions On Their FARM 01650 Acres DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE MAILED FREE. prevent the spread of the plague. Seg regation seems impossible and no re lief is in sight. The first symptoms of the presence of the disease is headache, with swell ing of the glands of the neck, followed by protracted sleeping on the part the patient. The disease runs its course in from six weeks to two years. Ornamental, Fruit and Shade Trees Shrubs, Herbaceous Plants, ______ Vines Roses, Hedges, Etc. John Hawkins, Prop. jK ^liVUnneapoli, Minn. i 2t04H 4:1T