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East District Corner Stone. is shown in the fact that there were five Baptist churches, one colored, the First on 10th street near E street. which after ward became Ford's Theater and the Army Medical Museum; the Second at 4th street and Virginia avenue southeast; the E street, near ith street, lately re moved to 10th and N streets northwest, and the colored, the original building of the de nomination at 19th and I streets northwest; five Catholic churches, St. Patrick's. at 10th and F streets; St. Peter's. 2d and C streets southeast; St. Matthew's, 15th and H streets northwest; St. Mary's, 5th street between Washington and H streets, and St. Dominic's, 6th and F streets southwest. There were four Episcopal churches. Christ, on G street between 6th and 7th streets southeast; St. John's. 16th and H streets northwest; Trinity, newly erected, at 3d and C streets northwest, and Epiphany, on G street between 13th and 14th streets northwest. One Friends'. or Quakers', meeting house. on I street between 18th and 19th streets. Three Lutheran, the Con cordia, 20th and G streets; St. Paul's, 11th and H streets, and St. John's, on 4% street near D street southwest. Eight Methodist, two of them colored. East Washington or Ebenezer, on 4th street near G street south east; Foundry, 14th and G streets; Wesley, 5th and F streets; McKendree. Massachu setts avenue between 9th and 10th streets; Ryland, loth and D streets southwest; the Southern Methodist, on 8th street between H and I streets; Asbury, 11th and K streets. John Wesley, Connecticut ave nue, and Israel. south of the Capitol, were the colored churches. There were two Methodist Protestant Churches, one at 5th street and Virginia avenue south east, and the other on 9th street be tween E and F streets northwest. There was one Unitarian Church, in the building now used as the Police Court. Other de nominations which have now church edi fices were then meeting in the court house and public halls and in private houses. There were orphan asylums, controlled by the Catholic denomination, known as St. Vincent's, at 10th and G streets, and St. Joseph's. on Vermont avenue near H street, and one under the Protestant de nominations, known as the Washington City Orphan Asylum, on H street between 9th and 10th streets. The Young Men's Christian Associatior had been but recently established and waE located in Fowler's building, on 7th street near E street. The officers were Z. Rich ards, president; Dr. J. S. McKee. Dr. R. H. Coolidge. W. B. Waugh and W. 0. Force, vice presidents; W. Chauncy Langdon, cor responding secretary; William J. Rhees, re cording secretary; Mitchell H. Miller, treas urer, and A. L. Edwards. librarian. The Colonization Society. having roomf on the north side of the avenue near 42M street, was about erecting its building a South District Corner Stone. the southwest corner of the avenue and 41M street. The graveyards were situated as follows: St. Patrick's, at the north end of 3d street west, just outside the city limits; St. Peter's, between H, 1, 4th and 5th streete northeast; St. Matthew's, between 14th, 15th, U and V streets; Congressional, be tween E, G, 18th and 19th streets south east; Ebenezer, between D, E, 17th and 18th streets southeast; Foundry, between 13th, 14th, V ag W streets northwest; Hol mead's, betweeN S, T, 19th and 20th streets northwest; African, between 5th, 6th, S and T streets northw st. There was also a public graveyard near the east end of H street northeast, wh:ch had been but little used, and a few others the exact locations of which cannot now be recalled. There were a number of charitable, benevolent and fraternal organizations, as also lodges, chapters, etc., of the secret or ders. The Masons had six blue lodges, two Royal Arch Chapters and a Knights Tem plar commandery, most of them meeting at 10th and E streets. The Odd Fellows were principally in their new hall on 7th street between D and E streets, having fourteen lodges and five encampments. The Red Men had five tribes. Seven divisions of the Sons of Temperance, a band of Brothers of Temperance, two or three tents of Recha bites and a few other organizations repre sented the temperance sentin'lent. The Union Debating Society, the Vine Lyceum, the Franklin Lyceum and some other like or ganizations met regularly. There were also three building organizations established and doing business. For transportation in and about the city we had the hack and the cab, and it was a good business at that time, numbers of hack drivers not only owning their horses, carriages and stables, but other property. Some of these whose names are familiar were Henry Turner, Joseph Abbott. William Hicks, George Beardsley, Andrew Schwartz, Singleton Golden, R. F. McGee. H. Kinchey. Thomas Walsh, William Dalton. John Sheetz, James Bowen, James Fleming. K. De Neele, Peter Carroll, William Bagnam and Robert Kelliher. Nailor's line of omnibuses, the Union line of Reeside & Vanderwerken, the Citizens' line of Weeden & Ryther, had routes on the avenue to the navy yard, Georgetown, the steamboat wharves and North Wash ington, the fare being a "fippenny bit," or 6% cents. Then old-fashioned mail coaches carried passengers to adjacent towns in Maryland and Virginia, most of the lines being but tri-weekly. and the offices were in the neighborhood of 4%, 6th street and the avenue. Frederick, Rockville, Brookville, Marlboro', Port Tobacco, in Maryland, and Leesburg, Warrenton, Middleburg and other places in Virginia were thus in communi cation with the capital of the nation. Railroad and Steamboat Facilities. The Baltimore and Ohio railroad, then ad vertised under the name of the Washington and Baltimore railroad, though it had been operated over fifteen years, had a diminu tive brick station with carsheds along the Tiber, at Pennsylvania avenue and 2d street. This was surmounted by a small belfry and bell, to summon the passengers. The run ning time then between Baltimore and this city was over two hours, and there were but four or five trains daily. Over this was the line of travel from the north, east and west, and on the arrival and departure of the trains this was perhaps the most ani mated section of the city. The through pas sengers for the south were conveyed by a large omnibus to the mail boats at the 11tlh street wharf. Between Alexandria and this city there were several steamers, the Phoenix, Joe Johnson, Tom Collyer, George Page and Union, two or more being on regu larly, and each making five or six round trips daily, the single fare being a "levy,' or 12% cents. A line of mail boats carried the great southern mail between this city and Aquia creek, among them the steam ers Baltimore, Augusta and Powhatan. The steamer Tom Collyer made trips to Mouni Vernon, the steamer Osceola was on the Norfolk line, making semi-weekly trips the Columbia made trips to Baltimore touching at intermediate landings, and had one day lay off for excursions. The City Post Ofice. Our city post office was located in the dwellings on 7th street north of the Posi Office Department, known as McLean's row formerly occupied by Col. William Ben ning, Mrs. Ironsides and others. Thesw were three-story brick houses, and the of, fice then was under Mr. William A. Brad ley, who a few years after gave way t< Dr. William Jones. Then 5 cents was thi -postage for a half-ounce letter for 30( miles or less, and 10 cents over that dis, tance. The telegraph office, the Morse line was in the second story of this building and promised the public that messagei should be sent through In half a minute This .lIne ran_ northward. There waq alsE na line known as Bavne's line, for the south, ern business, with offices on the aven near 4% street. The Adams Express Company had estg lished itself here in the iron-front, thr story building on Pennsylvania avenue few yards west of the depot. which is si standing. The Banks. The Bank of Washington was then at t corner of Louisiana avenue and 7th stre as now. The present National Metropolit was then the Bank Metropolis, in the sai place, opposite the treasury. The Patrio Bank, which had been on 7th street ne D street, had gone out of existence, a in its place was the Exchange Bank of Si den, Withers & Co. There were a Bank Republic, at 7th street and Louisiana a nue, and a Farmers' and Merchants' Bank, Pennsylvania avenue between 4% and 6 streets; the Bank of Columbia, of Stathai Smithson & Co., was in the same sectic The house of Corcoran and Riggs, th known as Exchange Bank, was at 15 street and New York avenue. The Was ington City Savings Bank was conduct on the present site of the Traders', at 10 street and the avenue, by Lewis Johnson Co. T. W. Pairo was in business at 15 and F streets, and Chubb Brothers we close by. This being In the days of sta and private banks, there was a currency circulation of a variegated character, sor good, some not so good, and a portion it very bad. At one time there was much danger of taking counterfeit mon that some business men, to avoid t knowledge of the spuriousness of a no1 adopted the custom of taking anything th came along showing the denomination ai name of the bank. As may be suppost this condition made business, for much the state bank money was taken at a di count. Some of those engaged as exchan and stock brokers were Thomas E. Fran( F. A. Harry, John Hand, G. W. Hall Co., W. H. Ritter, Daniel Rowland, C. McElfresh, J. W. Maury, M. Snyder. Raymond, G. W. Phillips, 0. S. Morse a Robert Goggins. A grist mill on F street between 6th a 7th streets southwest, a shipyard. Page near the foot of 7th street, where t steamers William Selden, Champion a other vessels were launched, another shi yard at the west end of G street, Easby where a fine revenue cutter was built, a the smaller boat-building plant of Cumbf land, near the latter, are some of the plac which are still remembered by the older j habitants. Through the Old Canal. Through the canal, which skirted t river from Georgetown, connecting with t old Washington city canal at 17th stre came down Cumberland coal, lime and oti material from up country. Anthracite c( was then fast coming into use, and t cargoes in vessels of about a hundred to were mostly unladen at the 17th str( wharves. The western outlet of the Was ington canal was at this point. The Ii of that canal was in B street to betwe 6th and 7th streets, where it turned soul ward for a few hundred yards, thence ea ward to 3d street, from which point. by southeast and south course, it reached t Eastern branch near the foot of New J sey avenue. It was spanned at 14th, 12 7th, 4%, 3d streets, Virginia avenue, N Jersey avenue and M street by bridges vehicles. Several streams and sew flowed into it, and it was continually fi ing up, and to keep it navigable for cr drawing a few feet of water mud machir were frequently employed. Contractors wo then dredging it and putting in n4 walls. Along its banks had been t gas works, at 10th street, but recen removed to Maine avenue near 3d stre There was traffic along its banks, p, ticularly in wood, sometimes brought small schooners. but more often by fi bottom long boats or scows, from the lov river, and also in lumber, market truck, e Hotels. The hotels, taverns and refectories at tI day, and numerous boarding houses, ; forded ample accommodations, and, exci on occasions of great public interest, su as inaugurations, there was no need I walking the streets. It is true that soi of the older Capitol Hill hotels had ceai business as such, but still existed as boal ing houses, and other old-time places b been modernized. The Franklin Hotel, O'Neal. and afterward Gadsby's. had d appeared from 21st street. Willard's, 14th street and the avenue, under a n management, had resumed business, a the old Mansion House was again ri ning. The present site of the Ralei was occupied by the modest Irving Hou kept by John Thomas. The old: dian Queen Hotel, first kept by C onel Keowin, followed by the well-kno Jesse Brown, thirty yeara before this tir had been demolished and the imposing mi ble-front Metropolitan,. under Mr. Brow sons, was about completed on Its site w UP b e a he et. an ne ar nd of e DU th n. ,n. - en th ed th Worth District Corner Stone. & posite, had disappeared as a hostelry. The th National, erected twenty-five years before. re was then managed by W. H. Willard, who te was succeeded in a few months by M. A. in Dexter. The United States, under E. H. ne Fuller, and Potomac, under M. Jordan. were of on the avenue between 3d and 4% streets. so William Gadsby gave his name to the hotel ey at the corner of 3d street and the avenue. he while Charles Gilbert conducted the St. te, Charles Hotel, opposite, now known as the at Belvedere. North of the avenue on 3d .id street was Isaac Beers' temperance hotel. Id, On the south side of the avenue were some of smaller hotels, the Metropolis, of G. W. 8- Topham; Congress Hall, of P. H. King; the g' Waverly, of P. A. De Saules; the Verandah. *C of M. Snyder; the Star, or Bald Eagle, of & Andrew Hancock; the Franklin, of Conrad S- Finkman, and the Western, or Indian, of J James Maher. There were Caspari's. on "d Capitol Hill; House's and the Railroad, of M. Brady, near the depot; the Exchange, nd on C street, kept by Mcliheny; the Frank s, lin, T. Baker, at 8th and D streets; the he Farmers', by John Kelly, opposite; the rid Union, A. Butler, F street near 13th street; P- two steamboat hotels, John West, at 7th 's, street near the avenue, and Job Corson. nd near the wharf; P. W. Dorsey's, 7th and r- I streets, and Fountain, C. Kloman, 7th *es street between D and E streets; European n- House. 7th and G streets. There were any number of boarding houses to be found, some housing little he coteries of members of Congress and he friends, for the congressional mess was et, them in vogue with many, and not infre Ler quently would there be found in some ai boarding house a delegation of genial he friends, political and personal. Even the ns staid and dignified justices of the Supreme !et Court of the United States had a little h- colony at Gadsby's Hotel, the entire num ed ber stopping there, or close by. more than en one season. Capitol Hill, and that portion h- of the city south of the city hall and east st- of 7th street, taking in Missouri avenue, a had many boarding houses, most of them he first class. They were mostly conducted by r- ladies, and among the names remembered th, are those of Peyton, Whitwell. Galvin, Duvall, Wimsatt, Elizabeth McPherson, or Mrs. Adams, Mary McPherson, Wallings rs ford, Topping, Taylor, McDaniel, Harrison, _ Beveridge, McQuillan, F. Williams, Ken Ift nedy, Keyhoe, Hough, Stetson, Lewis, Lit les tle, La Truite, Stone and Schot. re On Capitol Hill the names of well-known bonifaces were McDuffle, Lambs, Hill, he Clements, Spriggs, Waite, Carter, Scrivener, tly Gordon and Wells. The names of Briscoe, et. Janney, Lamb, Robinson, Johnson. Nevitt, tr- Kleiber were known. on Pennsylvania ave in nue; Bryant and Ulrich on 15th street; it- Donns Manning, Wise and Malone on 13th ,er street; Kirkwood, two Kings and Wilson tc. on F street; Nalley, Selving, Ridgway and Lat if pt ch lor me ted ad of Is at Bw nd in gh se, [th m1- WatDtit enn stm