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T1IL :CJLli LAliOULNA 6XANDA11D; VYEDiNESlJAY, MARCH 2, 1859. H I ' I m B Bb - 11L3J AKJiS OF JHR iKAK, . OF ANSOti, In the House of Common on the Sth of Feb. 1859, on t.'ie tnU rr-j Hiring the County Courts of cer tain counties, to Uu ill subject embraced within the general rectum bill, for county purpote. M:s. Speakek; t did not intend to trespass upon tWi tine at' this House, but were I to remain silent and let this b.ll pass over my head, I would be false to myself, false to my constituents and false to my country. Sir, I am sent here by the freemen of Anson, to represent their interest, to do that which will in my opinion best advance that interest, to do my duty faithfully and honestly. Sir, if in the discharge of what l" conceive to be my duty to my people, I do wrong, trace it to the brain and not to the beart Tins is a new proposition, the pro visions of which as f ir as I know, never h .vftig foett applied to any oilier counties, a proposition which should command the serious attention of every one within the sound of my voice. Sir, what does this bill proposer It asks you to dele-ate to the county courts along the line of the Wellington, Charlotte and Rutherford railroad, power unlimited and unre strained; it confers grants plencpotcntiary, and stops not there, it makes this General Assembly issue its "mtHiianins" to these county courts, to levy a tax Upon, every article, every subject of taxa-. tio:"i which comes within the provisions of the pres ent revenue bill, or any other bill in force at the time of laying such tax, for the purpose of paying the principal anil interest of bonds which have been is-sued or may be issued on account of subscriptions to said railroad. This ro id was chartered in KS'.4. InltiU, the Representatives along the line of tins road, came to you and asked that this charter should be so amended as to give the counties, by and with consent of a majority of their voters, the right to subscribe to its capital stock. They asked this General Assembly to confer upon the county courts the power of laying taxes upon what V Not upon every subject of taxation which is embraced within the broad scope of this or any other revenue bill, but upon those subjects which are usually given to county courts. My friend from Richmond very properly remarks that they now only have the right to tax land and poll. There was a provision in that amen led charter, that the county courts should tax land and poll. With this understanding and with the law before them, after having received the sanc tion of the people, they proceeded to make their subscriptions. Now sir, I would ask if it would not now be in bad faith to materialy change one of those conditions upon which this act was accepted, and upon which their subscriptions were predicated; Can yon give the county courts the right to do an act upon a certain condition, and then, after the act is done alter that condition ? In my opinion it is not right now to change the character of this grant, unless by the consent of the people. Do the people of my county want this change: If so, 1 have never heard" it. I have never received any in structions I'rom those who sent me here, and there fore must conclude that they do not want it. It is a move too important for me upon my own respon sibility to force that upon them which I do not know "they want. Sir, if I were to consult my own individual interest, this bill would certainly receive my support, for the reason that nine tenths of my estate consists in that property which is subject to taxation for this purpose. I would ask. .Mr. Speaker, for whose benefit is this road made? What interest does it advance; What property does it benelit? Does it advance the interest of the merchant, the lawyer, the do-tor, the dentist, the druggist V By this bill you must t.ix his total receipts and income. Docs it benefit your witch, your old buggy, your old carriage? ire. Does it benefit the mortgage deed which the unfortunate man is driven to the necessity of mak ing to save his property from the grasp of the offi cer ? Sir, all these subjects now come within the provisions of the revenue bill which has passed the House of Commons, No man knows what it will not reach. Sir, a few days ago, when this revenue bill was before this House, there was a grave propo sition that ail articles of produce that were taken out of the Suite by railroads should be subject to a tax. This was very ably advocated by some of the best talent of the House. Suppose, sir, that this pro vision should be incorporated in the next revenue bill, what cSTeet would it have upon my county ? Suppose that the Legislature should enact that all produce sold out of the State should pay a tax, what effect would it have npon the cotton bales of Anson? It stops not there. The county courts mast tax it again. They can use no discretionary powers. They must do as the law directs. Sir, I would ask what interest does this road advance? Does it not advance the interest of the land and slave holler? Does it not enable him to transport his produce, to develop the resources of the country, to bring to 'light the hidden treasures of the earth ? Sir, at the moderate calculation that the lands in my County are increased in value one dollar per acre, you hive an appreciation more than double the amount of their subscription. These are facts in controvertible. Look at the history of yjur central rial that road cost $1,000,001). Your worthy President, Mr. Fisher, in his recent report, says that t'ne appreciation in real estate upon the line of this ro i l has not been less than ten millions. "Strike tlie road from existence, and before twelve months its value would fall more than ten millions." There is, Mr. Speaker, another view of this matter. 15y this bill you give trie county courts unlimited power. You place as it were the sword in one hand and the purse in the other. They have more power than either branch of the General Assembly, for the rea son that one is a check upon the other. Why, sir, I would ask, is it that your Senator in the other branch is required to possess and continue to pos sess, three hundred acres of land in fee? Why is it that my friend is required to possess and continue to possess one hundred acres of land before he can represent his people in this body? It is because it was considered wise and safe by the tranters, of our fundamental law, that he should have an interest in that property which he proposes to tax. Land is the chief source from which our revenues are derived. It is and always has been looked upon as the basis upon which the govcrment rests. Now sir, h ive the m tgistracy of the country, from whose tribunal there is no appeal, a common interest in all those subjects of taxation which are embraced within this bill? Is it not against the genius of our government? Is it not against the spirit of our fundamental law, to confer upon men power un limited to levy taxes upon all species of property in which there is no community of interest ? Hu man n iture is frail and subject to all the infirmities incident thereto. Sir, how can they act wisely and discreetly? This House has been two weeks engaged in trying to adjust differences, to reconcile conflict ing claims and interests, to equalise taxation. The assembled wisdom of North Carolina is not able to do it. How then can you expect it from the magis tracy of the country ? I would not have you think I speak in disparagement of those of my county ; far from it, 1 know them to be good and true men, but who may succeed them I do not know. Spain and Cu" . Mr. Walsh, in his letter from Paris of the lUtl of Jan., addressed to the Journal of Commerce, n-'.kes the following reference to the Cuban question : Nat. Int. "American visions of a State of Cuba will have been already dissipated by your information from Madrid, and the outcry throughout this quarter of the world against President Buchanan's moods and tenses. Yesterday arrived lure the Gazette of Mad rid, the official organ, of the Oth inst, with a para graph which I translate for you, as I do not find it in Galignani's Messenger of this morning. At the sitting of the Spanish Senate on the 4th instant the Minister of Foreign Affairs repeated the declaration in form relating to the Island of Cuba. He said : ' If a represcnative of a foreign power came to make an offer for the alienation of Cuba, I should at once interrupt him in his first phrase, as soon as his first, wards caused me to guess his purpose or notion, and I would tell him the effect produced by such in timations on all Spanish minds. The retention of the island of Cuba is not for us a question of interest or convenience it is a question of dignity and hon or. No advantage which might accrue from it, no rmney or price that could be heaped up before us, would b3snffi :ient to determine Spain to sacrifice that glorio is relic of the precious discoveries and magnifi cent conusts of our forefathers: The alienation of G l ial Why that is a wild, preposterous idea, which could not present itself to any other than joMwiwwho do not hBpw8pawh had Mf tr A BILL TO AMEND THE CHARTER OF THE WESTERN NORTH-CAROLINA RAILROAD COMPANY. Substitute by Mr. Williams Sec. 1. Be it. enacted by the General Assembly of the State f North-Carolina, and it is hereby enacted bp authority of tlte few, That an act en titled; An act to incorporate the Western North Carolina Railroad Company, passed at the session of 185455, and an act amendatory thereof, passed at the session of 185(j-'o7, entitled" an act to amend an act entitled an act to incorporate the Western North Carolina Railroad Company, be and the same are hereby so altered and amended as to authorize and empower the board of directors of said company to open books for subscription of stock by individuals and counties to the capital stock of said company, for an amount sufficient to complete the road from Morganton to the French Broad river, near Ashville, which amount shall be according to the engineer's estimates therefor, which estimates shall be submit ted under oath to the President and directors of said company. Sec. 2. Prodded further. That when one third of the sum necessary to complete the said road from Morganton to the French Ifroad river, near Ashvill , estimated by the estimates of the engineer hereto fore made, shall be subscribed by solvent individuals, corporations and counties, to the stock of said com pany and five per centum thereon paid into the treasury of said company in cash, the board of inter nal improvements shall, and they are hereby author ized to subscribe on the part of the State, the other .two-thirds, which shall be paid in the manner pre scribed in said charter for the payment of stock for the first section of said road. Provided hoirerer, That the State shall not be required to pay more than fifty thousand dollars of said subscription dur ing the year 1 85 U, nor more than two hundred thou sand dollars during the year ISO I, and f reach year thereafter, a sum not exceeding three hundred thou sand dollars until the bed of said road from Morgan ton to the French Rroad river, near Ashville, is gra ded and ready for the iron to be laid down. Sec. 8. Beit further enaetel, That sail Railroad shall be let to contract in continuous sections com mencing at Morganton at prices not exceeding ten per cent, over and above the estimated cost made by the engineer, to be added on his estimates made as in section 1st of this act; and no part of the same shall be let unless the whole can be put under con tract in continuous sections at the same time. Sue. ;,4. Be it further enacted, That in case the subscriptions heretofore made to the stock of said company by the county of Burke shall be de clared void by the judicial authorities of the State, a new subscription to the same amount to take its place shall be raised and secured, and the required instalments thereon paid before the State shall be called on lo make further subscriptions or payments on subscriptions heretofore made. Sec. 5. lie it further enacted, That if there shall be an unexpended balance of the amount pledged by the State after said road is put under contract, and a Sufficient amount reserved to equip the s tme to its present terminus on the French Broad river; then it shall be lawful for the board of directors of said company, upon further subscriptions being made by individuals or counties, as herein before prescribed, to again let out contracts on said road in the man ner herein before designated, to the line of the State of Tennessee, in the direction of Chattanooga, or down the French Broad river, in the direction of Paint Itock, as to said Load of directors may seem best, provided, however, that no greater portion of said road shall be put to contract than can be con structed, equipped, and put in full operation with the amount of the unexpended balance already pled ged by tiie State, and the amount snberibed by in dividuals and counties in pursuance of this act. Sec. i. Be it further enacted. That in estimating the cost of grading said road from Morganton to the French Broad :iver, near Ashvill", and in laying the same with iron, the engineer shall in addition there to estimate and report the same as in the 1st. sec tion of tiiis act, the cost of equipping and putting in full operation the sail road; and the said contracts shall be let out in accordance with the estimates so made, so tiiat said road shall not be let out to ma tract as provided in section 3rd of this act, any greater distance from Morganton than the amount subscribed by individuals, counties and the State will construct, equip and put in full operation. Sec. 7. Beit further enacted, That all the certifi cates required to be made by the president and treas urer that one-third of the estimated cost required to complete any section has been subscribed by solvent individuals and corporations, and five per cent, paid thereon in cash, shall be made under oath, and the board of internal improvements may, and shall, il they have any doubt, before they subscribe to the capital stock of said company, ascertain that the sub scriptions made by individuals and corporations are legally binding upon them; that the persons and corporations making the same are solvent, and that the cash payments have been bout ji te made, and to enable them to do so, shall have power to sub poena and examine witnesses (in oath. Sec. 8. Be it further en-ic'ed. That the payments of the instalments due from the State on subscrip tions made under and by virtue of this act, shall bo made in t'ne manner and upon the terms now pre scribed in the charter of said company. Sec. !). Be il further enacted. That a general meeting of the stockholders of said company may be held to consider the foregoing amendments immedi ately after the ratification of this act, and the same shall be in force and take effect so soon as said com pany shall certify to the board of internal improve ments their acceptance of the same: Provided, That if, for any cause, the said company should be unable to avail themselves of the provisions of this act, then, and in that case, they may proceed under their char ter as heretofore adopted, and enjoy all the rights and privileges of the same. PROPOSED AMENDMENTS. Introduced by Mr. Thomas. J Strike out all after the enacting clause, and insert: That the Western North Carolina Railroad Compa ny be, and the said company is hereby authorized, under the provisions of the acts of 1 854-' 55, and the amendatory act of 1856-'57, to extend the sec ond division of their road from Hale's, or the town of Morganton, or any other point they may select, euner inrougn tne awananoa or needy Patch (tap, or Hickory Nut Gap of the lilue Ridge, to the French Broad river, above and near to the town of Asheville,' in the county of Buncombe, and that the company be, mid is hereby authorized to open books for the subsription of stock for the second division of the road at such times and places and under the ; direction of such agents as the President and Direc i tors may appoint. Sec. 1. Be it further enacted. That as soon as I the one third of the estimated cost of the 2d division i of the road shall be subscribed by solvent indivi ' duals, counties anil cornorations irwliulimr ti. mk. scriptions already made, and five per cent, paid in, the Hoard of Internal Improvements shall subscribe in behalf of the State, as authorized under said acts, two-thirds Tor the State, of the capital stock for this division of the road. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the company, in putting the said road under contract, to commence at the Eastern termin us, so as to leave no portion of the road unfinished. Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That the company, in putting their road under contract, shall be liable to the following restrictions: 1st. Ten per cent, on each contract shall be reserved out of the pay of each contractor, until his contract is completed. 2d. That the State shall not be called on to make any new appropriation for the completion of the second division of the road, nor to advance more than one hundred thousand dollars in payment of the State's subscriptions in 18511, nor more than two hundred thousand in the year 1860. Sec 4. Be it further enacted, That all acts and clauses of acts eominir in ennhVl with tViic onfr lift and the same are hereby repealed; and this act shall be in force from and after its acceptance by the company. A writer in the Genesee Farmer says that he has tried the cultivation of wheat in hills like corn, hav ing the hills two feet apart each way, and two or three plants to the hill. And he reports obtaining from a small plot of ground a crop so large as to be equal to two hundred bushels to the acre. The soil is kept stirred and cultivated during the growth of the crop. Now is the time to try it, so plant a few hills, and judge for yourself. M. V. B. Gilbert has been appointed Post Master THE PACIFIC RAILROAD. BemarhofEon. DAVID S. REID, in the Senate of the United States, on the Pacific Railroad Bill. Mr. President, I have forborne to say anything in regard to thus bill up to the present time ; and I now rise for the purpose of protesting against this whole scheme of a Pacific railroad. With other gentlemen, I am free to say that I desire to sec a railroad connection between the Pacific ocean and the eastern portion of the country. I desire, how ever, to sec that improvement made as other im provements of a similar character have been made through other portions of our country. As the country becomes settled, as there may be a demand between the intermediate points for railroad com munication, railroads will be built ; and whenever the population and resources of the intermediate country will s.istain a road, it will be built as ia'l roads are built in other portions of the Union Until that time, in my humble judgement, if you had a railroad already constructed, it could not sustain itself. You here propose to undertake this immense work ; and what guarantee have you that it is ever to be completed, or that when completed the Govern ment is ever to avail itself of the benefits that might arise from it ? Here is .a work that will require a capital of some two hundmlmillion dollars perhaps, and the only security you ask at the commence ment is $500,000. A deposit of $500,000 that is to be drawn out soon after it is deposited, is all the security that you have that that road will lie con structed. It is true there is a provision in the bill which says that after the first sections of the road nre constructed, the bonds issued for the eastern and western divisions shall create a lien on the whole road ; but suppose t'ae contractors go on and complete the eastern and western portions of the road as provided by this bill, and at that perio I the contractors have contracted debts and under an exe cution for the debts their interest is sold, what secu rity have you then for the payment of the bonds that you have issued to construct the road, or for con veying the mails, or transporting the troops and munitions of war of the United States ? You have no security whatever. According lo the provisions of this bill, when the eastern and western sections of the road are completed, an execution may be levied on the road or the contractors may convey it, and the road is gone, and you are left without any redress. Does not every one see that this is the na tural tendency of things? It is a matter of specu lation and will be undertaken as such, and in my humble judgment, will be uscdassuch throughout. The money that you pay under this bill, ami the lands that you give, are the inducement, and when ever that inducement fails they will avail themselves of the speculation and leave you to look out for yourselves. Is not this the result of all such specu lations in which the Government embarks ? Mr. President, in olden time a proposition to go into a sovereign State of this Union, by Congress, ami construct a railroad would have been looked up on as monstrous; but here you authorize a contract for building a railroad in the sovereign States of this Union without the permission of those States ; and, pray, where do you get the power ? Although under the constitution, Congress has the right, to es tablish post offices and post roads, it has always been maintained most clearly that Congress had not the right to make or enter into a contract for making a post road. Here, though you claim the power of making a road, and using the money of the Federal Government in making a contract for transportation upon that road,. upon a vague contingency that at some time a war may occur, and you may have a necessity for transporting troops or munitions of war to California a mere contingency, the happen ing of which may never occur; and yet you are pro fessing to be straight-out State-rights, strict consti tutional constructionists. We hear frequently in this body an alarm about extravagance. Retrenchment and reform is ihc or der of the day ; but yesterday we had it. The Sen ate almost voted unanimously that they are in favor of retrenching and reforming the expenses of the government ; bui here comes up the Pacific railroad bill, which, if adopted, will in the end cause tne ex penditure of hundred of millions of dollars ; and I suppose t'ne same gentlemen who vote for economi zing the expenditures of the Government w.U turn round and vote lo increase them by this means. They not only vote to increase them in voting ap propriations for a railroad to the Pacific, but they go for submarine telegraphs, homestead bilks, addi tional pension bills, heaping upon the Government an increase of the public expenditure to the extent of millions upon millions. 'I bis is said to be all fair and legitimate, and yet gentlemen proclaim to the country that they desire to retrench antl reform the expenditures of the government. If a little pica yune cLi n of a poor old soldier is before us, it an swers to talk about economy, retrenchment, and re form : but when it comes to millions and hundreds of millions, it is ail very legitimate, upon a vague supposition that at some time or in some wax- or oth er a war may occur, and we may have to transport troops to the State of California. That very precise case may occur with regard to any other place in the United States, or to any other location you may name. This, Mr. President, in my opinion, is a departure from the good old rule of construction. I do not think the framcrs of the Constitution of the United States ever contemplated that the Congress of the United S'ates should interfere in the building of rail roads. As I have said l desire to sec a railroad to California placed in precisely the same position oth er railroads are placed in. That railroad will be built whenever the necessities of the country require it to be built, by State and private enterprise, as other improvements have been constructed: and un til that time, even if it were completed, it would be unprofitable to the government and to everybody else. 1 say above all, if you desire retrenchment and economy, this is one of the schemes you should avoid, for in the end it is to throw the entire expense of the road upon the Federal ioverninent, and the Federal Government will never derive much if any benelit from it. It is not guarded in that way, as it should be. It is perfectly obvious to any one who will exam ine this bill, as 1 before remarked, that the parties may sell the road, they may dispose of it, and leave the Government without any remedy ; we may lose all that we have invested in it. Tins is the view I t ike of the case. Sir. Tut: Residence of Gen. Cass. The Washington correspondence of a New York paper thus describes the internal splendor of the mansion of the distin guished head of the State Department in that city : "The illustrious Secretary lives in a brown stone house, not far from the White House, which is about sixty feet front and about seventy feet in depth. Gen. Cass is reported to be worth five millions dol lars. His house is beautifully furnished, the settees and chairs being covered with blue and white damask silk. The marble medallions, statuary, paintings and other feauturcs of art which decorate the walls and various niches in his house, are said to be valued at four hundred thousand dollars. Among those gems of art arc the following: Mar ble Medallions of St. Peter and St. Paul, which be longed to the Church of St. Peter, in Montorio, which was built by Constantine over the spot where St. Peter was crucified. They were bought by Mai Cass wdiile on a visit to General Oudinot, the French commander. Original medallions of White marble, in superb frames, highly enamelled, of Innocent XI. and Leo X., obtained by Gen Cass from the Monas tery of Catnaldolis. Twelve medallions, in superb frames, representing the Saviour, Yirgin, and some of the Apostles. They belonged to the Church of St Paul, which was the fiist Christian church built in Rome. They arc masterpieces. A crucifix, which belonged to Cardinal Antonclli, the papal Secretary of State very rich. Paintings 1 St Ag nes with her Lamb,' an original, by Guido Romano ; 'St. Appollonia,' who suffered martydom by the ex traction of her teeth obtained from the gallery of Cardinal Oriole; 'The Holy Family,' an original, by Vannucia ; ' Return of Columbus from his First Voyage ;' ' The' Annunciation ;' ' The Madonna, an original, by Carlo Dolce, bought by General Cass at Bologna, from the Sempieri Palace ; 'St. Rosa,' orig inal, by Carlo Maratti ; besides over two hundred othei s of like value and historic interest, which were scanned by the many visitors who called upon him to wish him ' A happy New Year.' " Worth Remejidekiso. It is not what we earn, but what we save, that makes us rich. It is not what we eat, but what we digest that make us fat. It is not what we read, but what we remember, that makes us learned. All this is tm Simula, but it in Spec al Message from the Presid; nt of the TJ. S. The following message was transmitted from the President of the United States to Congress on Fri day last : To the Senate and Rouse of Representatives: The brief period which remains of your present session, and the great urgency and importance of legislative action, before its termination, for the pro tection of American citizens and their property whilst in transit across the Isthmus routes between our Atlantic and Pacific possessions, render it my duty again to recall this subject to your notice. I have heretofore presented it in my annual messages, both of December, 1857 and 1808, to which I beg leave to refer. In the latter I state that "the exec utive government of this country, in its intercourse with foreign nations, is limited to the employment of diplomacy alone. When this fails it can proceed no further. It cannot legitimately resort to force without the direct authority of Congress, except in resisting and repelling hostile attacks. It would have no authority to enter the territories of Nicara gua, ever, to prevent the destruction of the transit and protect the lives and property of our own citi zens on their passage. It is true that on a sudden emergency of this character the President would di rect any armed force in the vicinity to inarch to their relief, but in doing this he would act upon his own responsibility." Under these circumstances, I earnestly recom mend to Congress the passage of an act authorizing the President, under such restrictions as they may deem proper, to employ the land and naval forces of the United States in preventing the transit from be ing obstructed or closed by lawless violence, and in protecting the lives and property of American citi zens travelling thereupon, requiring at the same time that these forces shall be withdrawn the mo ment the danger shall have passed away. Without such a provision our citizens will be constantly ex posed to interruption in their progress, and to law less violence. A similar necessity exists for the passage of such an act for the protection of the Panama and Tehu antepec routes. Another subject, equally important, commanded the attention of the Senate at the last session of Congress. The republics south of the United States on this continent have, unfortunately, been frequently in a state of revolution and civil war ever since they achieved their independence. As one or the of hi r has party prevailed and obtained possession of the ports open to foreign commerce, they have seized and con fiscated American vessels and their cargoes in an arbitrary and lawless manner, and exacted money from American citizens by forced loans, and other violent proceedings, to enable them to carry on hos tilities. The executive governments of Great Brit ain, France, and other countries, possessing the war making power, can promptly employ the necessary .means to enforce immediate redress for similar out rages upon their subjects. Not so the executive government of the United Stales. If the President orders a vessel-of-war to any of these ports to le in and prompt redicssfor outrages committed, the offending parties are well aware that in case of re fusal the commander can do no more than remon strate. He can resort to no hostile act. The ques tion must then be referred to diplomacy, and in many cases adequate redress can never lie obtained. Thus American citizens are deprived of the same protection, under the flag of tiieir country, which the subjects of other nations enjoy. The remedy for this state of tilings can only be supplied by Con gress, since the constitution has confided to that body alone the power to make war. tt ithout the authority of Congress, the Executive cannot lawful ly direct any force, however near it may be to the scene of difficulty, to enter the territory of Mexico, Nicaragua, or New Granada, for the purpose of de fending the persons and property of American citi zens, even though they may be violently assailed whilst passing in peaceful transit over the Tehaun teper, Nicaragua, or Panama routes. He cannot, without transcending his constitutional power, direct a gun to be fired into a port, or land a seaman or marine to protect the lives of our countrymen on shore, or lo obtain redress for a recent outrage on their property. The banditti which infest our neighboring republic of Mcx'co, always claming to belong to one or the other of the hostile parties, might make a sudden descent on Vein Cruz or on the TehauntcpeC route, and he would have no pow er to employ the force on shipboard in the vicinity for their relief, either to prevent the plunder of our merchants or the destruction of the transit. In reference to countries where the local authori ties are strong enough to enforce the laws, the diffi culty here indicated can seldom happen ; but wheie this is not the case, and the local authorities do not possess the physical power, even if they possess the will, to protect our citizens within tiieir limits, re cent experience has shown that the American Exe cutive should itself be authorised to render this pro tection. Such a grant of authority, thus limited in its extent, could in no just sense be regarded as a transfer of the war-making power to the Executive, but only as an appropriate exercise of that power by the body to whom it exclusively belongs. The riot at Panama in 18515, in which a great number of OCT citizens lost their lives, furnishes a pointed illustra tion of the necessity which may ari.se for the exer tion of this authority. I therefore earnestly recommend to Congress, on whom the responsibility exclusively rests, to pass a law before their adjournment conferring on the Pres ident the power lo protect the lives and property of American citizens in the cases which 1 have indica ted, under such restrictions and conditions as they may deem advisable. The knowledge that such a law exists would of itself go far to prevent the out rages which it is intended to redress, and to render the employment of force unnecessary. Without this the President may be placed in a pain ful position before the meeting of the next Congress. In the present disturbed condition of Mexico, and one or more of the other republics south of us, no person can foresee what occurences may take place before that period. In case of emergency, our citi zens, seeing that they do not enjoy the same pro tection with subjects of European governments, will have just cause to complain. On the other hand, should the Executive interpose, and especially should the result prove disastious, and valuable lives be lost, he might subject himself to severe cen sure for having assumed a power not confided to him by the constitution. It is to guard against this contingency that I now appeal to l 'ongress. having thus recommended to Congress a measure which 1 deem necessary and expedient for the inter est and honor of the country, 1 leave the whole sub ject to their wisdom and discretion. JAMES BUCHANAN. Washington, February IK, 1859. Dr. S. L. Love, op Haywood. We acknowledge to a strong feeling, some may call it prejudice, in favor of the men who unflinchingly maintain Dem ocratic principles,- who never look to personal con sequences, hut unhesitatingly follow out their po litical faith, wherever it may lead them. Among the young men whom we have remarked during this nnd a former legislature, we know none who hears a more stainless escutcheon than the gentleman whose name heads this article. We have never known him to give to a section what was due to the State, and though seldom taking part in tlte proceedings of the House, he is ever present, an attentive and interested observer. We know of no man, in whose fidelity to old line democracy, we have stronger faith, and we give this public testimony in justice to Mr. Love, as one of the very few who have never shirled or shrunk from avowing his principles. With his clear intellect, sound judgement, pure pa triotism, and sterling democracy, he is worthy of all confidence, and we hope his constituents will long retain him in their service, or only change to give him a higher and more extended trust, When that day comes, as conic it will, we are willing to pledge ourselves, that he will deserve the honor, for he has proved his fidelity when many wavered. Because we know him we'll, we place him first in our notices of the young "old liners," the hope and the strength of our party, "who have never bent a knee to Ba il," and stand firm amid a generation of poli tical trimmers. Warrenton Nem. . Mount Verso Fcxn. By invitation of the Ladies of the Mount Vernon Association of that place, Wm. F. Martin, Esq., delivered a lecture in Eliza beth City on ihc 22d, the proceeds to go to the Mount Vernon Fund. Nearby all the great men have passed through ad- tWfAlMfcl ahaaanma i - - The Fight in the Indiana Senate. The prelude to, and in part the occasion of the tight on the floor of the Indiana Senate, was the use of the following language by the Hon. Mr. Heffren : "Mr. President: T. in common with others, often says things when excited that I regret. 1 perhaps, 1 have used language not becoming this bouy. J o the Senate I make an apology, but to the Senator from Hancock I make none. I repeat every word toward him I uttered both to-day and heretofore, and say that the man, be he whom he may, that will deliberately take the insults which I have crammed down his lying throat, is a miserable, or der, order, lowlived, order, craven-hearted, cow ardly dog, cries of order, order, and nothing that he has read from that paper can get me to notice him after so completely swallowing every epithet I have applied to htm. He is unworthy an honorable man's further notice until order, he properly re sents the insults heaped upon his coward head, and until he does it as a gentleman, I cannot further no tice the vile wretch." The " bruise" is thus described in the Cincinnati Commercial. Senator Gooding read the foregoing extract from the Sentinel, and having finished, directed himself to Heffren, who had placed himself immediately be fore Gooding, as soon as the latter commenced read ing, and asked him whether he had actually used tins language, it being his intention to deny it Heffren replied that he had, and that he would not retract one syllable, but was on the contrary, ready to repeat it. Thereupon Gooding cried out that he hurled back the same epithets. As soon as he had uttered it, Heflren struck him a blow. Gooding en deavored to strike back anil pushed Heffren toward the desk of the clerk, and they fisticuffed for some time, but were finally separate 1 by otiier Senators. While they were struggling, a bi other of Gooding came to his aid, and hiljilefticn a severe blow upon the nose. After Hcfireu bad been separated from Gooding, he turned to his new assailant, collared him, jerked him into Senator Bcnnert's lap, and commenced pounding away, when another brother of Goodmg struck him from behind with a heavy cane, and inflicted a severe gash upon the hind pari of Hctfren's head. Having accomplished this gal lant feat, he rapidly worked himself outside of the bar, hurried down stairs without even picking up. his hat, and ran from the Slate House to unknown parts. Heffren, after having received the blow, tried to get at the third enemy, but being unable to do so, he flourished a bowie knife auiid furious vocifera tion. Pending the seufiie, a pistol was perceived about Goodmg, undoubtedly intended for proper use. Previous to the meeting of the Senate it was whispered about that a collision was to take place, and that all parties had prepared for it The tight produced an immense excitement The Senate adjourned by acclamation, amid the greatest possible confusion. The members of the House and numerous outsiders rushed in, and chaotic disorder continued for some time. DR. DEEJIS' SCHOOLS FOR BOTH SEXLS, W 1LSOX, X. C. THIS INSTITUTION comprises schools of languages, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Music, Design, and Relies Leitus It lias a healthy liicalion, ample Kacuhv, ad eMUunudion build ups. The pm its an charged fnmi 'heir ptttrance- only. The student in the .Male Department nave the mititmrjr drill wiih'.iit extra expense. Theyuutig Ladle b aid with the Uvctur's lamily. Fur CucularB appulv to PKOF. RADCUFFF, Wi sun. N 0. February s, .",. ' g trSmpd. NOTICE. 1 TUvK THIS METHOD OK INFOKMIXi; TIIE CIT- JL z ns nf ICaleiph and ihe snrcin rta:r oiimtrv 'bit I continue to earrv on the BLACKSMITH bLTSIXESS in ki leiirh. :il WM. U. HOI.LWMAX'S OUt STAND. I have the same Sniiili that I had fast yen-, fiis bus i ess i shoeing II rses and workim; on Fanni nr T""l; he can also d-.i niu I won mi Uamapea. I wipe, by sinct atleutuui to business to share a liberal pattvnuse. JOHN MY ATT January 4. 1M 3 wi v. HILLSVILLK ACAOEJSIY, Carkou. CocNTr, Va n. F. THOMPSON, A M.. 1'rii.ciial, A. W. C. NOWl.IN, B. 1'.. Aitiit Principal (Associated with efficient instructors.) THE I7TII SESSION OF THIS INSTITUTION WILL commence the first MONDAY in January, and con tinue twenty-one weeks, lioard Cull be had ill good fami lies at six dnlhua per month. Hilbnnthg i village, near the top of the Bine Ridge, command ng a view ul i lie most picturesque, romantic and sublime MSenerv. It in well supplied with sood water and pure air from the surrounding noun tains, am is renowned lor health. It ufi'.'idn as good society as oiir smaller towns generally. It i situated on our mam thoroughfare from Xenneitfaee to Nortb-Ciirol.na, over which passes a line of nidges, and is within a lew hours travel of ihe Virginia ami Tennessee Null'. ad. Through ihe liberality of Messrs. Andrew S. pulton, Ben. Kuli Floyd and Alexander N. Challiu, two Hold Medals have been presented annually for the last iwo yeais lo ihe besi speakera. Tlte Annnd Catalogue will be sent to any one dcs.rmg further iufuriuaXiun about ihe school. January 8, 1859. 5 wfimpd. VALUABLE LAND FOR SALE. IT WILL SELL ON FAVORABLE T Kit MS A VAI.C- il able Ttacl of Land, King ibree and a half miles West I ot Oieeiisboiough, on the Salem road, containing SOU acres, about one half of it in timber, on wh eh there is a good two story UKICK DWELLING. HOUSE with six rooms, each ah tit i'i feet stpaare. a Barn, Snbiesaud uecessaiy ouf-boildings, with a go- d Well of water. Th- place is well wateied, and has good meadow lands. Tlte adjoining tract on 'he West lias been recently selected lor the cultivation ul Tohoccn, and portions of litis place are thought to be equally well adapted to the growth of tobacco. I'crsona in want of a place woit'd do well to examine ihe premises. A credit will be given, and bond with approved security required. The title wilt be reserved until thv pur chase money is paid. MARGAUFT CALDWELL. Crei nsbomugl., Jan. 21, 18SS. 4 wit" STATE OF NORTH-CAROLINA.-.! 0 II X STUN ITOOSTV. Court of fleas ami Quarter Ses sions, Nov. Term. Is58. Willie IWd vs. O. 1. Oodd At tachment. It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that O. L. Dodd, the defendant in tins case, is. a Bon-resident uf this Slate, therefore, on motion, il is ordered that publication be made in the Ka'eigh Standard, notifying the said de fendant to appear at the next Term of this Court, to be hed lor Ihe county ul Johnston, at the Court House in Simthtield, on the 4th Monday in February next, then and there to answer or replevy, otherwise he will ue procecueu gainst a it he had been served with process. Witness, Thomas II. Snead, Clerk of Johnston Comity Court, nl office, ilietih Monday ol November, A. 0., ISit Issued the 26th dav of Jan nary, 1 33 THUS. I). SNEAD, C. C. C. January 28, 1 Soil. (Pr. Ad.$-V'- 4 i 5 Wt. mllE SUBSCRIBER WOULD INFORM TIIE PUB- l be generally, I lint he has recently tok-ti the "Old Stand,' well known by every body, west of ihe "Capitol Square," and formerly occupied by Wni. F. Clarke, and is tuny prepared to carry on conch-making in nil its various branches, and in the VEST bist style. Prices to sua the times. Persons trilLdn well I" call and examine for themselves before purchasing elsewhere. Repairing done at the shortest notice, and in Ihe very besi manner. JAMES BASHFOR1). Raleigh. Jan. .11. 18 .9. ' S wiinr United States' 3Iall-Salibnry to Asheville. FOUR HORSF COACHES. THE TRAVELLING PUBLIC ARE RES. pocifull.v requested to give this line a trial. Thev . ill find it to be the dttapft, nemeit and 11 route WEST. My Coaches are line, large Nine aud Fourteen Pussenger Coiicurd Coaches. (No Hack on the Road.) My Horses are well irumed and gentle, and I take pleas ure in recommending the Olivers mi this line as being the most sober, careful and gentlemanly Drivers to be found on anv Siage Line. Travellers will find litis route n mure pleasant one than any other, passing through Stalesvillc by the Catawba Rail road Bridge, Newton, Morganton, Marion, Pleasant Gar dens Swauanna Map of the Blue Ridge, in lull new ( ihe celebrated Mt. Mitchell and Mt. Ciincnuta of the Black Mountain. Persons wishing to visit the Black Mountains can procure a guide and nurse, at MR. STFPS or POR TER'S, and in a tew hours' ride' reach the Black Mountain House, and at their leisure visit Mitchell's Falls, Mt. Cling-' man and Mt. Miichcll, the highest peaks of laud East uf the Rocky Mountains. Tickets on ibis line good for three months. Stags Omen in Salisburv. at the Rowan House. " C. S. BROWN, Omlraetnr. Morganton, N. C, March , 1838. 17 w3m. A Core for the Piles I HAVING BEEN AFFLICTED 20 YEARS with 'Ins lernfring disease, and rinding no relief, I finally discovered a VEGETABLE OINTMENT? which, I be leive.'is unparalleled in its ellicacy. Having cured myself, and many others, I now oiler this remedy lo the public as the most speedy cin e ever discovered. " I' is no Northern humbug. I comd produce many proofs, but as the Oint ment is i.ul on its own merits, those that are attl.cled will be the best judges alter using the Ointment. By sending One Dollar, and it cents in Post Office stamps, a Box will be sent anywhere in ihe United Stales. Address, NEAL BROWN, i iUleigh. N. C, tfw'lMN It-wart OLIN HIGH SIICOOL-MALR .V Bat iaa ir.tt liuxiu, rrncinal. A. 11. MEI1U1TT, I . Miss Makoaklt Ti ckkr, j ituiit. Oilier Assistants will be irocureh n tl, . school demand, so as lo secure full and Hum! "' instruction to all tlm .UN HIGH SCHOOL bnfttoledta iheXim I r..o. m ri.i iiiixri i , iiwisu in suiiiiieu i I iiu. ..i .. BI .. .. - r j : . ... ., Hi, pari in ireui u couuiv, n. on me waters ,r n cries, in a neauny ecuon 01 count rv, anu in tk , Bib. UII IWMW I mUB illlll HlOlill L l ' 1 1 1 M l 1 1 i l . . U1IU IS S fl .inirtul fiii. I., nvl.ur in.imia t.ntl (ILm.iL. . Tf ,, ,1 ""' "MlllVsri .. ....... ... - ...... , i1Ui ;ir atUM experience; and the Principal, Rev. li. ClepxU m lu,-.if..Klv Irtii.u 1. N. llll.. Ill' lllf BltilJtf CI....... .I' I .n. - ...... .-..i cessim In;.. nnd instructors of Youth in the State. Tl ." inducements to those who have sons and aaathtm educated. Parents and Guardians are let! tu nauLl! expenditure in dress, to control the atnimni '," money, and to allow the nuking uf accunnl Miiinu mill oihers. or to inier ici litem us il... . '. 1 Tne IrfbjHH mid iriichers recommend mill :.. t ... . - -. in 'ciir,, ness, simp icily and neiiiness in dress, and friimu ' economy in expenditures; but assume no authori t rui them, and take no rvaponsibilitT m these nauteu? Tkkms per Skssiox of il Wets. Chiaxal Department, ., . Knjtbfth Depart men t, from $10 isj tu". , JIumc on P. ami, j,, Use of Instrument, "., ' Painting, French, , i 1,1 5 INI Contingent fee, 1 I Hutun. Yniinjr pcntleincD from ?7 SO to hi ...1. t : ' . ! j. j it. . " ' 1 o ins wuiCB 90 w per uiunin, inciunlng ). , . :, aim :i i m i.i!k win ue lurniMr it ;.t mtturra , TitiMoii and cinlii:tm: tees m advance U rardin - n I hi-.' nrv 1 I'd 1 jimi cm in liouri M'fuii:: hi . .. If. I. .. opens me oq wwuesa in Juiy, huu iiu- Spun ti iv euaeMiBj in niauuarj. lite GiraimeBCi'Rteul i ,,. Vi;inrMl;iv of Hay, and He annual nHwiu lift t.n. rhMflar huiiatui ul II iaVl A 1 i 1 dlliUld'l to nillllllVAI. By older oi Trratces. J. C. TURNER. P,,.;,).... .... . .1.1, oeciei uv. I' 'I f 1 ll I I V c Iredell county, .v t;., .June 14. ks.is. A Splendid Opeiiins lor Investment, 1 O.ilil.. THE SUI)SCRIUi:HS oiler tor sale their Tuhaw, torv, s luale at Tailv H", Oranrille onunt i i a. a in w: - mediate y on the loud leadinjr from Oxford tu Hillhimi' The h..use is latye enough and Hxttire pleiitr iti, thirty baud. There is buon the premises a sintfe l)w. lllMM with t.v,. rmini. m tr.,..A E it..l..... C. i. .eiriu House, roanif, i.rib. Steam House kt i,. .1 i: j . l , ' Miieiiuiu I'liuonuuiiv is i ere nreseniei to iinr . t in engage in the tuanntactnring uf Tobacco. ' The l ' is a sut one. heme: on Ihe race i f the tnnil ih-o ,.. .:. - unc ll noi tne lines! louaccu in I lie Star. Then . Hunng so.u out our Store al Tally Ho. and one nf lltri iters of our concern harms left tin- neiehbm hu.nl ml it necessary lo close ihe entire Concern, and ue aislloi so as suun a we can, and therefore would like lo hi uuniniiu u eir.v us ciin ne 1 101 e. r.r inMhuv ...... . ..i auuress .. il. i taiKe, ai uxioro, or J. J. ueaduva ud 1 A Fleming, at Tally Ho. Term reasonable. miKV ucinnare t nnm Alisusl S3, lijoS. j ..i..iui. I,.) i- , TO OnUGfiLSTS. A OR ADUATK OP THE UF.IilP 1 1. nPPlDTlll TA lit Mil. I line. .i.ii1,. ,.r V..... V....I- I :. . . --, ... i inn, nuu , i'l.'i 1 seven years experience, desires a situation in a wli drug establishment. His reason fur wishing such a sia tion is, that his health will not admit of the cxm s ire i, dent to the onielie ,.t ii,rii.Mnu Tl,.. ....... i. ... references given, boih as lu character and qualification. Address. .MKDH I S. Fitlsbum', ' C. Decern ber 2.1. 1 SoS M - WANT OF SHOES. t t nrtp tT fit: on tts 11 .i d itr rA i. ,,,,, tl.. .. I .'1 ...... ,i ..( V. il...r j m !--.. tl.., li.ut ..I.I I .'iitii. t . V i ii.j ... i ...;n ...li ..-i.i.l..u.ir f il I v.il .,.,! r .. ... . ui'lf, 41b duor Xunfa nide, Llargwt Street. To cuh buv 1 mt call, and wu shall nut b" disiniHiinleJ. as I nmdri ... awll l'.,a- Tr.-xit-l'..) f'.,.. tl I I palrtinae I have receive ,1 hope, bv strict aitentt uutrintaw. to merit u continuance ot' the same. v viti.k.i H VJIULJi, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 v or v Kaleiiih. NY. !. WS. 44- vti 'lu the members m ine approaching i,e!Sla.ure 1 call, as I h ive something nice for ou. ,1. V. 4 rv iiit'i iaa iireai u.w - i MONO COUNT i . t-'onrl of l.ouilv, hull Tirm.K Original Bill. It appearing tu the satisfaction of the Court lliatW T. Roper, one of the defendants in this case, is not an tlo.t iiiibtieation be made in the North-l'arolina Stand iu.o ..oil 'I inir, i.i', ii oi'i ei"i e oi oei eo o. uc . " ii 1-utM.r liiililishi'd ill the ('ill' of U:iloih for :v sor-ri'..': weeks, comniamliiig Ihe said detendant to be ami ai before Ihe Judge of our next. Court of Equity, to he ii tor i he county ot ll climoml, at the Court House in an ingham. on the thud Monday in March next, then and lb to plead, answer or demur to the sad hill; otherwise' same will be hemd tz pnrte as to him. Witt ess, John 0. Shaw, Clerk of our said Court al lice in Rockingham, the third .Monday in September. A.l I83f. and the ejghty-tbird ve r of our indetani deuce. JOHN 1) SHAW. C. M. E .laminrv SI. 185 iPr Adv. i.Vi'1 1 ;,.! I,. .rut. f. .in I,. O, llo, llli.l. ...I I,,. 1, w 1 hit A. I illlMI'MJ.V ot tins place. Unit the restdnr the fund there n spec lied shall be divided amongst creditors as uutv make iheni-eives known to the uti'i said Waller A. Thompson, aie hereby notified In ires their claims, duiv anthenticateu, witlttn said tune, or .....ot i... ..i.....i..a ,., i... ..r ,.1..;...-. ,i...;..n lo slmre in such fund. . - - I. v i l HUGH B. GUTHRIE, Trus oc Chapel Hill. Jan. 29. 1859. o ivtli. j. L. BRinfiERS. c. w. WHlTNOJ BRIOGERS AND WHITFIELD, ATTORNEYS AT LAW Tarboro", N. C. o'clock, erery day. Olhcc next door above U Pender A Co. Store. Jannarv I", is ii. ' 3 wilmnd. STEAM ENGINE FOR SALE. m ir emi e ' u en .l.L'lmw' .'.. -, i o . r n unit of It... most ttniir,ie,H inntn. ooH to minims ion! it,. . ing purposes. A-great bargain may be hud bv making early anplical A. WILLIAMS. Feb. 4, 181. E wet.' NOTICE. I a uu. ... .,.. j i . ii iiii. i, ii. ii,,.,. i hi. i wuh good unthoife, ice-house and green-honse. The I .......:.... n ... ui . u.......... ..... i.a U, at once. EU. STRUDWICK. Eac'r. Hillsborough. NX i'cbruarv 2. 1 ?Ss. ii wnt.' HUlltC 1U I'll I IA-IAfS. A Hill for a Pb.ysic.an, with all the conveniences necessary fort accommodation of u family, will be vacated ahorflybyi Th' se desirous of locutinir. WW receive all necessary ani mation on a'nnlication lo Ihe Editors of the Stuudaid. April i. iMott. 16 wft LOOK AND READ! w iiii'i? me f ,1.-1 roniwn tii.vev aerviirr , B 11.1 ' IJ I I .J UUUIIUIIIlllll' III ...1.1 ....X.... m which you can muKe as goou none, us tout iu. Ifees Hie Launders .-ecrel won fifty inner goou rccc r Such as: how In make mm-expl 'sive Burning num. ... .. . I.. : .... ii. i ...I. iiieaui, winger iieer, cure mi vn.-ui... ...... Uattle-Situke bite. Art of Painting on Glass, Ac., Ac. Many of these receipts are selling North for 1 each. SenU all, IICllll pruoeu on "uc mn viic lfl.HH , if vou do not like litem tne inutiev win ue reiunueu. I'lease address W. H. KODWELL, Vadkinville, Yadkin County, ' January IS, 1S"i9. 3 wStnpd. SIDNEY A. SMITH. . nmnn ,'llir . .'I, .-i .,,'., i. . r ,.n in T I f A 1 1 u u .i r. i a a w ou u itULiii.uit A i u ' SMITHFIELI). X. C. aiienn resuianv me comity and nnnermr uouim Wake, Johnston, Cumberland, Harnett and Wilson. All business entrusted to bis care will receive prompt' 1 i.m inn SniilhBeid. Feb. 20. .s- vf- DICKERSON, WIIITTEMORE & REED, IMPORTERS OP A in rnif, snrri iron, un, aiuv, wrr AND ALL ARTICLES FOR TINNER'S LSb, Nos. 24 24" & 249 Water St , N. Y. Dealers aud Manufacturers supplied at the lowest ,al rates, for cash, or time. W111TTTM0RE A CO., Liverpool Fcbrunrv 1 4, ISM). 7- $nt TO IMIlvll I 1V rain 1 PtrVdtnltaV urnti Bfnni.n IWFST A f hundred dollars in town property, m a umn liltla vll u.ru u nra ..loom,, w ..It, Toll llV one IV -II I relue nun Ihe prolessiou. Ihe practice is won" &i i'ioo lo noil tier veur. Terms made UHSV. . Address, immediately, A. li. C, Staudard office, ana particulars will be given.