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ttik JSOKTH CAKOLINA STANDARD : WEDNESDAY, OCT. 22, 1862. THE TWO PROCLAMATIONS. , A BOLD 6PEECH AT THE 08TH. A bold speech has been made in New York by , Bon. James Brooks against the two proclamations1 of Lincoln. It is published in the " Weekly Cau eatsian," the only paper that seems to have had the courage to report it, and is copied into Brooks' own paper, the Express. The speaker commenced by referring to the fact tba in this '.' hitherto proud Jand of liberty," he felt as if what he was about to say made him a candidate for the bastile;-' Ue con tended that the " Constitution " is now the supreme law of the land, above the President and the Cabi net, and the only source from which they could derive their power: - - ' HAN ALLEGIANCE A TORT IDEA. These are constitutional facts ; this is the written law of the United States; this is the embodied gov ernment of the United States, and the' only Gov ernment to which I, or you, or any Democrat, or any Whig, have, ever sworn allegiance. Great cheering. The Beecher idea ot government is twelve or fifteen hundred years old, a product of the feudal ages, the darkest ages of Europe. Braxton, the lawyer, enunciated it in law Latin: "Rex est vicarious et Minister lei in Terre omnis quidem sub eb est, et ipse sub nullo, nisi tanturn sub Deo." The kingly idea of government, in one man, or under one authority, with certain Divine rights, ir responsible to man on earth and scarcely responsi ble to God in Heaven, is the Tory Idea of Govern-, ment ; the despotic, monarchical idea, never before, till in this crisis, this new era, introduced and forced upon the unhappy people of these United States of America. (" Good," and applause.) The President himself is but the mere creature of the Constitution of the United States. He never was elected by the popular will, or by the popular voice of the people of the United States. (" No, never," and great ap plause.) No, never, never, kevrk 1 (A number of voices, "Never.,') MB. LINCOLS NOT PRESIDENT BY THE POPULAR VOICE. Of the four millions and two-thirds of a million of votes cast at the last Presidential election, llr. Lincoln was in the minority of .nearly a million, among Ihe people ; (applause ;) and though in Cali fornia and Oregon, under the plumlity system, be received their electoral votes, in New Jersey, glo rious New Jersey, (cheers for New Jersey.) he did not receive the vote popular or the vote electoral. Thus,-in these three Northern States of the Union, a majority of the people were against him, while from the Susquehanna to'the Rio Grande, in fifteen other States, not a popular, nor an electoral vote was given him. MK. LINCOLN ONLY PRESIDENT AS CREATCRE OF TUB CONSTITUTION. Nevertheless, under our constitutional system in the Electoral Colleges, of the 393 electoral votes there, though in a popular minority of nearly a million of votes, he did receive ISO electoral votes, 28 more votes than were necessary to elect him the President of the United States under the .Constitu tion. I repeat, then, the President does not repre sent, and never has represented the popular will of the people of the United States. (A voice "And' never will.") He is the mere creature of the Con stitution of the United States, and our obedience to him as Executive, our fidelity to him as the Execu tive, is through and under the Constitution alone. ( " That is all," and cheers.) Hftice when these de claii'ters tell mehat the President is the Govern ment, and the Cabinet are the Government, 1 show them the popular vote, and I repeat to them that the President himself could not be President but as he was elected and upheld by the Constitution of the United States, and in defiance of the popular voice of the United States. (Applause.) Tell me not, then, that I may not, and shall not, discuss the measures of an Administration, or, that the Admin istration is the Government, and tfiat in criticising the Adminstration I am guilty of treason to the Government Government is a thing eternal and springs from God as well as born of the instincts of men ; but Mr. Lincoln is but a creature of the' Con- stitution for four years, only, and the Cabinet are but creatures of Lincoln. And yet the reverend Brooklyn expositor tells us that the President and the Cabinet are the Government of the United States. (A voice "They are pretty nearly playe'd out") I shall, therefore, and have a right, to discuss freely all the measures of the Administration. THE TWO PROCLAMATIONS THE PROVOST JIARSIUL WAR ORDER; There have recently appeared from the Adminis tration of this government three documents of the greatest importance, which it may be dangerous ircely to discuss, but which .it is not the less our right and duty freely to discuss. These are the first proclamation, the second proclamation, and the last, but not the least, the war order from the War Department, abolishing, to a considerable ex tent, the civil jurisdiction of the Courts, and estab lishing in lieu thereof at system of Proeost Marshals throughout the whole of the United States of America. The first proclamation of the President has in it three elements, three points, worthy of considera tion. The first is emancipation, the second w a . proposition for the compensation for slaves, and the third is a colonization of these slaves. I propose as briefly as possible to examine these points in order. The first thing which strikes a man is, to ask, where is the grant of power in the Constitution of the United States "which gives the President, but the creature of the Constitution, authority to annul whole States of the Union, or the laws and institutions of whole States in that Union, and to override all laws for the protection of loyal men, evea if in disloyal States. No man can rise anil say that there is, any where, in our written Consti tution, any such authority for the President of the United States to exercise any such power as he as sumes or usurps in his proclamation. The only authority claimed is, that he, as Commander-in-cliief of the army of the army not in the field flagrante hello, but as theoretfcal Commander in chief of the army, sitting in the White House at Washington, has toe power to exercise any author ity which appears to him best, or which he deems light Now, if this be law, there is no security tht he may not exercise the same power, if he deems it best for the people of the United tatcs, to 'annul the relation of parent and child, of ward and guardian, of debtor and creditor, of mortgager and mortgage aye, all the rights and obligations of society for he has tfle sameright as Commander, in-chief to exercise all powers over the Northern States of the Union. " Hear, hear," and cheers. TUB LAWS OF WAR. "Who created this creature of the Constitution, the offspring of a popular minority? who vested and appointed him with this arbitrary power over thirty millions of human beings? great cheering a power, the like of which, if exercised in Eng land, without an act of Parliament,- would create a revolution there in forty-eight hours, among all classes of people:, a power which Napoleon never dared to exercise upon his imperial throne, and one which the French people would never submit to if attempted over the people of France? Cheers. But there is no such military power under the in stitutions of the United States. There are martial riehts. laws of war, buFwell known and well recog nized, laws written' of in Grotious, in Vattel, in ' Puttenaort, in our own neaton, and in our own Kent, and nowhere is there recorded as giving to any nominal commander of an army, any such au thority as the President attempts to exercise not only over the people at large, but over the Consti tution of the United States. I do not hesitate to ay, cost what it may, the use of such power 'is an arbitrary and despotic exercise"of illegal and uncon stitutional power. Tremendous cheering. -wilt not cite a hundred authorities that I coulJ cite in Latin, in ' French, and in German, under the civil law, as old as the days of Justinian, but I will come down to what has been deemed high Republican authority,- that of John Quincy Adams. We had 'like controversies with Great Britain in 1783 and in 1810, upon the subject of slave emancipation, that we have now. Great Britain, pending the revolu tion, emancipated and abducted many slaves from Long Island and elsewhere, and carried those slaves to Nova Scotia or to the West Indies, there to be re-enslaved; and in th war 1812, Great Britain ex ercised like power over this slave property of tft United Siatos. John Oninpv AHomo . . u;n;to. w knRland, or Secretary of State of tb TToitorf States. wrote to the British authorities that- ihey (the British) had no right to make any such emancipation promise to the negro. The prin ciple is, that the emancipation of the enemy's slaves is not among- the acts of legitimate war; aa relates to the owner, it is a destruction of private property, npwhere warranted by the usages of war. No such right is acknowledged as a law of war. by writers who admit any limitation. The right of putting to death all prisoners, in. cold blood, with out special cause, might as well be pretended. to be a law of war, or the right to use poisoned weapons, or to assassinate." . ... This, is th language of John Quincy Adams, jp his correspondence with the British government, upon the subject of slaves emancipated during the war of the Revolution and the wr of 1812. Under this remonstrance, and through the treaty of Ghent, one million two hundred thousand dollars were paid by thb British government to the Southern slave holders for property thus abducted and emancipa ted during the war of the Revolution and the war of 1812. Applause. Hence, as the proclamation is not right under the Constitution, it is no more right under laws of war; nor is it right to the loyal men in the disloyal State's of this Uniont NO NBGH0-60VKRHMENT PARTNERSHIP. For one, I am ready to Fay, that if the time ever arises when Georgia, or Alabama, or Virginia, or Louisiana, is governed by negroes, with a negro ju diciary, negro senators in Congress, and negro rep resentatives, it is quite time for the white peopfc of the North to dissolve partnership with any such State. (Loud cheers.) All these, however, are dreams of negro liberty, equality, and fraternity; and if the schemes of the President are carried out there must inevitably follow what the Abolitionists now demand of bim, the arming of the slaves, their adoptfon into the army of the United States, and our recognition of them, not only as fellow soldiers, but as fellow-citiaens also. (Applause and laugh ter.) In Louisiana there are now thousands of slaves supported on government rations, and every negro costs the United States forty cents a day for his rations. Something must be done with these negroes. The Abolitionists propose to bring them into the army of the United States. This is no new proposition. A like proposition was made two years ago in the State of New York the beginning of that idea, to give negro suffrages to negro voters, and though this was a Republican State, going for Mr. Lincoln by fifty thousand majority, the Republicans themselves had good sense enough to note down that proposition by an immense majority. But what mean these propositions? They are nothing new. Let us see. THE NULLIFICATION OF HABEAS CORPUS. There followed, in the reign of the two Charles', of England, (despotic king,) what is called the writ of habeas corpus the riglit which an English sub ject had, whenever he was taken prisoner and in carcerated in a jail, to have a writ from a Judge of the Court of King's Bench, commanding the jailor to brine the bodv of that subject before him, to have his case adjudicated upon according to the laws of. England. And yet, that wtucn nas oeen r.ngusn liberty since the days of the dark ages, (1215 ;) that which the despotic kings of England, the two Charles', accorded one of whom was executed for his tyranny, and his. governin2nt suppressed by Cromwell that wh;ch our fathers have had since their reign, is now subverted, overthrown, de stroyed, by a mere proclamation from the President of the United States, annuline both the right of trial bv iurvand the habeas corpus, by which every ppersou has a right to know, belore some judge, why he has been incarcerated. Ihe l'resiuent claims that he has authority, under the Constitution, .to issue this power of suspending the habeas corpus. Believe you that Washington, rebelling against the tyranny of the executive power of King George that Madison, Jefferson, Franklin, old John Adams, or any of the fathers of the Revolution, ever created a Constitution by which one mere man, hying the same tlesh and blood that you and I have, is, with out act of Congress, to have authority over thirty millions of people ? that he can take any of you, by day or by night, from your wives and children, and incarcerate you in Fort Lafayette or Fort War ren, beyond all hope of redemption ? (V Infamous.") Never did the frainers of the Constitution give or grant such powers to the Executive of the L'nited States. ('' We will never stand it") lf it were given, there is no liberty any longer lot the teople of the United States, for that Executive has but the exerc.se of arbitrary power to involve this country in war with England or trance, and in the suspen sion of the luibews corpus, after creating an army of a million of men, to ride, rougn siiou, over thirty millions of hitherto free white men. ("Never, nev er. ) Our own Judge Hall, in the western part oi the State, but the other day liberated a person, a reverend gentleman who may, or may not have been guilty of something, X A; now not what on a habeas corpus, and in doing so, declared that, as Congress had given the President no such power, he had no such power. (Applause.) Nolh with standing this decision of Judge Hall, this person was taken, the moment he was liberated, (a white man kidnapped) to the Central Railroad depot, put in a freight car, isolated from the people, and se cretly and stealthily taken Irom Butialo to Albany, thence to Washington, a State prisoner. (Shams.) And they tell me that for this free speech, this free and fundamental discussion of all these things, I may be imprisoned and incarcerated ("No, you won't") But I do not at all feel certain that one or two thousand policemen may not take me any hour of the day from the midst of my fellow citizens, and incarcerate me. (' Never," and protracted cheers.) A man in the audience proposed three cheers for Judge Hall, which were enthusiastically given. WHAT IS TO- BE DONE A LAST CHEER FROM CAIT. RYNDERS PROCESSION TO TUB BASTILE WITH THE LIBERTY CAP. Now, fellow-citizens, I dare say I shall be asked by Republicans, alter these complaints against the Administration of the Government, " What are we to do?" If this country was not in the midst of a civil war, 1 would have no . hesitancy in saying, as Patrick Henry said in the Revolution, "Resistance to tyrants is obedience to God." (Enthusiastic and long continued cheering.) Capt Rynders " Three cheers fur that, if it is the last cheers that freemen have to give. (The cheers were given.) What are we to do? (An auditor u Where are the ty rants?" "Put him out") All I propose to do is to appeal to. the ballot-box. That has hitherto been a sufficient court of appeal for all the people of the I United States. If they will permit us to have it arouse and inspire yourselves for action at the ballot-box. (Applause.) The ballot-box is your only, your lofty and sublime remedy. (" Will they let us have the ballot-box ?") Go to the ballot-box and make a trial there for the redemption of this people from all impendingslavery. Forthe present protest loudly against all this arbitrary exercise of power. (" We will do it") If I, or any of your fellow-citizens be imprisoned, d) as the French did in the midst of the Revolution, orm large processions, with the red cap of liberty lifted over every tree- man's head, (great applause,) march' to the bastile unarmed, and on bended knees, if necessary, im plore the commander to liberate your fellow-citizen. (" No, never in 'Aaierica.") Freemen should al ways, before resorting to any ultima ratio, petition, beg, and implore. There arc rights and obligations in a country like this as long as, the ballot-box is open for the redress of wrongs. (" You are right") When you have assembled before this bastile read to the epaulettes in the lofty sonorous Latin of the dark ages, the Magwt CAtlrta of your English fath ers, thunder the habeas corpus in the cars of your fellow-citizens and soldiers, and then read and re read there the Constitution of the United States, which guarantees to every man the right of free speech, or free discussion, trial by jury, and security ' for his property and person. (Cheers. ) Fellow citizens, I did not come here only, to complain against the Administration of the Government this evening, but also to lay before you. in this free speech that I am making my ideas upon the subject of this war. I have.no sympathy with rebellion in any shape or form whatsoever. The Constitution of the United States once was enough for our South ern countrymen ; the Congress of the once United States afforded every remedy for the redress of their grievances under that Constitution. They were terribly prvoked and goaded ; but their duty was, with the. Senate of the United States theirs, with the House of Representatives almost theirs, with the Judiciary theirs ; their duty was to do what I urge upon you thTa evening, to petition and to go to the ballot-box. The right of petition is the birthright of every American. The ballot box is the Temedy for every American. Arms, artillery, the cartouch box, are not elements of American progress or civ . ilization. (Cheers.) A WAE OF SUBJUGATION CANNOT SUCCEED VK MAINE COULD NOT BE SUBJUGATED. r I have my own ideas on thiswar. . .1 wsh conld express them freely here. ' '("Speakimt. ) w) I shall pbt speak out when armies co"'edl.n1f ' when fraternal -blood is being shed. But (! speaker paused some time as if w"T.eringV,!in will SyI was born in the State of Maine. On one side is the British Province of Nova Scotia, and on the other is that of Lower Canada w.th ge navv gabU rivers, opening the State , to the world: and vet tbere is swu - , ' , wonu; ana yet nam - - . - ... A vincible, Anglo-Saxon spirit, and such . . h gh sens of independence there, that I do not be) ev? that jii it) ' hat I do l ie United Enelani France, and the unitea dwvw, w .$J i7.Ki., the neoDle. Sub ugation or an'American idea; it is not a S which the Anglo Saxon blood in our veins S Tver surrender. If the oath of subjugation were forced upon the citizens of the State of Maine, he would strike at the administrator of that oath in the rear; but whoever held out to him the right or self-government, txcording to the Constitution of the United States, be,- with a single regiment from New York, or elsewhere, would bring back all the people of Maine to their obedience. I do not pro pose, if any may draw such an inference that we shall ever surrender our Constitution and govern ment to the rebels of the Southern States, but 1 propose to carry on the war upon a different princi plewith the sword in the right hand, and the Constitution in the left; (great applause,) and un der that panoply and protection, not a million of soldiers, but two hundred thousand will crush out and exterminate all southern rebellion. If it be necessary for the subjugatidn of tfiat cradle of re bellion, where this unholy war first tegan, where the proud flag of our country was first struck down by rebel cannon, if volunteers be called, to re-hoist that flag there, I think Xmay say, two millions of volunteers would go from the Northern States. (Cheers.) . THE DISASTER AT CORINTH. The Mobile Register of las,t Friday, from which we copy the following, represents our disaster at Corinth as even worse than , we had supposed. We copy : ' ., We regret that the particulars thus far at hand of the recent battles at and near Corinth leave no room for doubt that the result is a serious disaster. Our special correspondent has furnished by tele graph such accounts as he could obtain, but. the cowtlict was even hotter and more bloody than he has led us to believe. We have had the pleasure Of an interview with CoL J. W. Porlis, of the 42d Ala bama, who arrived by the morning train, having been sent home by the Surgeon General, from whom, we obtained some details of the battle. Col. P. was himself wounded by the concussion of an exploding shell which struck near him, killing two men and knocking him down, ad considerably injuring him. From his statement and other information, we make up the following narrative: The battle was opened on Friday last, commen cing at 8 o'clock in tho morning and continuing without cessation until 8 o'clock at night Our forces numbered about 20,000 fighting men, under command of Major General Van Horn, and they fought with a desperate valor not exceeded by any troops during the war. . It now appears that our Generals, or at least the General in command, were terribly deceived, hav ing been lured by the enemy into a trap carefully prepared for them, and made to fight againt heavy odds without the hope of any substantial advantage for this waste of blood and life. The movement on Corinth was made from the West the enemy with drawing his pickets at our approach, destroying camps, strewing thS way with knapsacks, guns, clothing, etc., until he reached his first lino of en trenchments, where he made a rcsolflte stand. Our men rapidly pursued what they supposed a flying enemy, counting on a bloodless victory, some of the Generals even expecting to obtain possession of the to.wn without firing a gun. Their eyes were open ed when they saw the serried ranks of the enemy prepared to leceive-them, and they then knew that a hard and bloody fight was at hand. Moore's bri gade, of Maury's division, led the advance and -the battle soon raged hot ajid furiously. The enemy fought well belter, it is said, than ever before in the West but they could not withstand the Turious V chargesof our gallant men, who steadily gained up- j on tliem, driving them Irom entrenchment to en- trenchajent until night closed upon the scene. j The next day l'ie B''1 wss resumed, the enemy j meantime having been heavily reinforced, but our I troops again pressed forward, gaining the town of i Corinth, and the gallant 42d Alabama planting its j colors within a square of the Tishimingo Hotel. It became evident, however, that the struggle -as too unequal to be continued to advantage by our forces, j whose ranks were becoming fearfully thinned, and i worn down by fatigue and hunger, while the enemy were being continually reinforced. The order was : then given to fall back, add our troopy withdrew j from the field, leaving many of our dead and some ! of the wounded in the possession of the enemy. Meanwhile the Federals had thrown a heavy force, j estimated at '20,000 men, from Bolivar, to the south j of Corinth, with the design to ciTt off our retreat and bag our whole army. These fresh troops were met ' with unexampled bravery and vigor by our jaded ! men in the sanguinary engagement of Sunday at j Pocahontas, which resulted in the discoulliturv of : the foe, and thanks to the genius ami experience of , Gen. Price, in the escape of our army by an impro- vised road to a point west of Ripley, where they j made stand. The battle on Friday is said to have been the hot test and most desperate of all. Soldiers who were in the battle of Shiloh say it was more terrible than that memorable conflict. The enemy appear to have i been thoroughly posted with regard to all our move ments. I hey knew when a given division passed a given point, what was its strength, the direction of its march, how, when and where the attack was to be made; in short everything they wished to know, and of course could make all the preparations they desired to meet us. We have not been able to obtiin particulars of the casualties, but the rccocd, we fear, will be sad enough. The 42d Alabama went into tho fisrht of i Friday five hundred and thirty strong. On Satur day it mustered about three hundred, and on Sun day evcnirg a stall omcer met the Major, who had been wounded in the breast, with .only eight or ten i men, wno were all, he said, he had been able to gather of the regiment The rest were cither killed, j wounded, prisoners, or had fallen by the way from ; weakness. j" On Sunday an order was sent to Gen. Maury to I make a charge with his division, but this gallant r officer was forced to reply that he had scarcely two i regiments icit nt lor uuty. Scngstak's artillery was badly cut up, being at one time nearly surrounded by the enemy. Dou dell's (35th Alabama) regiment was also roughly nuidied, but nobly sustained the reputation of Ala banu in the unequal strife. Sutfj i8 a brief, but we believe in the main, a truth ful narrative of our recent movement towards Co rinth. It ia not our purpose here to comment upon the facts rented. They are too painful to dwell up on, and call loudly lor prompt and searching inves tigation by the Government If it shall be found that our gallant little army has been led into the "jaws of death " and thus cut up by the ignorance, stupidity or mismanagement of commanders, rthe country will demand that an example be made'ihat shall prove at once an assurance to the people and a warning to incompetent or self-sufficient Generals. The situation in Mississippi demands the prompt and earnest attention of our military authorities. They cannot act tdo soon or too vigorously. ' Rein forcements should at once be sent forward and as rapidly as possible, and our whole people must once more rouse themselves to united and energetic ac tion. ' We are every day learping afresh the lesson that " eternal vigilance is the price " of victory as well as of liberty. An Editor Wants Meat for his Famix. The'. editor of the Cleaveland (Tennessee) Banner has the following in his paper. We are not requested to co py, but his case has so worked upon our .sympathies that we caniffit refrain from inserting his advertise ment We hope somebody will see this who can spply his wants and hasten to do so: ' ' Wanted. We want to buy a coon and 'possum uuk, w mini our -meat wun .aurinir tiie enmin? ii Ti ! 1 I year, it is foolish for a man to think about buying hog meat who is printing a paper at $2 a year. A" dog that will hunt coofi, 'possum, and kill a sheep occasionally, will command a good price at fhese "headquarters." . CONFEDERATE STATES DIPLOMACY. -With a vast market for the consumption f toe manufactured commodities of foreign nations, nd with most valuable agricultural -gtaples needed-ty ali the great civilized nations of the world, a moat brilliant field for successful diplomacy was open to tbe Confederate States.. Nd people, possessed such , vast resources for the control of the interests and sympathies of the world. And yet we believe np effort has bitherto; been made to bring them into operation.' Alluding to these resources, thRich tnond papers speak despondingly of the statesmen of the South. They have lone nothing to vindicate their'reputed wisdom in the great contest iri which we are engaged.. The whole contest has thrown into; prnfainency-only the President and (ho Generalav2: This is apparently true. But, if the sessions of Cungress-had been open, this would not have been the appearance of things. Efforts Were made -policies were declared in "the Provisional Corigresis, we are informed, which, if known to the people and the world, would have shown that there were those in tho Provisional Congress who did understand the true interests of the Confederacy, and did persist ently urge a policy which would most probably have cAfflired to us commercial treaties with foreign na- tions, and the recognition of our independence. It was not wise to send Commissioners to aurope, aim and to expect a recognition of us by foreign nations, without offering to them commercial advantages. These, whilst they would permanently benefit other nations, would at the same time "secure them from dangers incident to a reconstruction of the Union, and compensate tliem for the hazard of war with the United States. With the knowledge foreign . nations undoubtedly possessed, they feared, should they run the risk of offending the United States by recognizing our independence, that the union be tween the United and Confederate States might be reconstructed, and they would bo left to meet a war against both combined, i They, therefore, deemed it the better policy to let the war go on, until either the Confederate States had won Irom the United States their Independence, or until' the Confederate States make it worth their while to defy the power nr hnstilitv nf the United States. Aware of this state of things, members in the Pro-'' visional Congress did strive to induce the Admin istration to authorize Our Commissioners in Europe to propose, as the basis of a commercial treaty, low ditties for twenty years on foreign commodities im ported into the Confederate States, and free access of shipping coming directly from European ports. With a stipulation, also, to lay no export duties on our agricultural productions, a powerful appeal would have been made, by these combined propo sitions, to the interests of foreign nations. Propo sitions to carry out such al'policy were, we learn, submitted to Congress. They had not been adopted, voluntarily, by instructions to our Commissioners sent to Europe. They failed to be adopted by Con gress, and, as might be reasonably expected, our Commissioners have failed in theirdiplomacy. Their diplomacy has consisted in begging; and the want of our cotton has alone redeemed it from positive contempt The true course of diplomacy, required alike by our interest and independence, .was under stood and pointed out ; but it was opposeil, and by the secrcsy thrown over the proceedings of Con gress, neither the efforts to enforce it, nor the ef forts to defeat it, have been known to the world. We see it stated that a distinguished diplomat has been sent with additional powers, to address foreign nations. We trust our Government at last has seen the wisdom of using the tariff in advantageous com mercial arrangements with foreign nations, to kill the apprehension of reconstruction, and, at the same time, give them a vast and positive interest in our independence as a people. Char. Mercury. Time to (iather Pears. The following remarks were made by Mr. H. W. Ravenal, before the " Aiken (S. C.) Vine-growing and .Horticultural Association," recently : The pear, unlike all other' fruits, is improved by being taken jroui the tree as soon as the growth is attained, and the seeds become mature, and in this state allowed to become mellow in the house. The time between the gathering and the mellowing of the pear vanes for the dill", rent kinds, from a week or two, to several months. It seems then there are two distinct times, at either or each of which, the pear way be colled ripe. When the growth is,at tained and the seeds matured, it is ripejto be picted from the tree; when, after keeping, it becomes mellow, juicy, and ull-ltavorcd; it is then ripe for eating. The question-is, at which of these periods is the pear to be called ripe? Evidently the terra is one which may Ihs used in either c&se correctly, and its proper ise must depend upon the meaning to be com eyed. We most commonly speak of a fruit as ripe when it is fit for use for the table; and the Directors iu saying last year that certain pears on exhibition were unripe, -intended to convey the meaning tRat they were uniipe for use, and there fore, tlu-y could hot judge of their quelity. Where pears are weli known by their names to the Exam ining Committees of Horticultural Societies, a dif ferent cjursu may be adopted. Knowing the usual quality of any particular pear, they maybe able to pass judgment on specimens without tasting, but si-i:ply by examining the size and general appear ance of tiie fruit We have scarcely had sufficient exuyrience here of the many varieties of pears, to adopt that plan ; but evidently, whatever plan is adopted, the term ripe must be arbitrarily "used to denote one or the other of those periods at which the pear may be really said to be ripe. The plan wfiich has been proposed, viz: tliat when pears are exhibited, which, though ripe for gathering, are not yet ripe for eating, they should be kept by the Directors until they attain the latter state, would be attended with this inconvenience, viz: that should they ripen during the intervals of our meet ings, the Examining Committee would have no op portunity ol judging of their qualities, unless an extra meeting Vas called specially for that purpose. Without making a final decision on the subject, the Directors think it best for the present that pears should only be exhibited when they are ripe for 'use, as it is the only time when judgment can be passed upon them. Stiianue Exi'Eisiments. A letter dated Paris, Sept 2d, says : We have had of late some curious republications with regard to the guillotine. It was declared by Its inveiitor, Dr. Guillotine, to bo the most humane metlmd of inflicting the death penalty, as he main tained that tho rupture of the vertebraj of the nerves of the neck, and of all the organs of the bead, killed the whole body instantaneously. Several experiments were made at Vienna. Some prisoners were to be executed, and several celebra ted medical menwho had already disputed the cor rectness of the statement of Dr. Guillotine, obtained permission to remain on the scaffold during the ex ecution, and when a head had been cut off, it was delivered to them. The first was that of a young man ; the eyes were closed and the tongue protru ded. Eight minutes were allowed toexpire, when the tongue was pricked with a pin, when it was drawn in, and the face made a grin indicative of pain. The second head was that of a woman ; the eyes were openi filled with tears, and with a most sup plicating expression. Fourteen thinutes after the execution, the eyes turned towards the side from whence the woman's name was called. The third head was that of .the most guilty of the criminals. A slap w? given to the face, when the eyes, opened, the face flushed with an indescribable expression of anger and lerocity, and a shudder of anguish was visible on the neck being touched. Use of the Eclipse. "What was the use of the eclipse ?'' asked a young lady. " Oh, it gives the sun time for reflection." Blackberry Tea. A friend from Russell coun ty, Alabama, presented to us, a few days since, a handful of blackberry leaves dried in the shade, for the purpose of making tea. He represented its re semblance in taste to the tea of China to-be so close as to make it difficult to distinguish one from the other.. We have tried these leaves and find the similarity in taste, smell and color to bo as repre sented. We do not, honestly, believe that we could have told the diSerence between it and the China green tea, had we not known it to be an extract of blackberry leaves. ; Now is a very good time to gather and ory these o u j www y leaves, and we recommend a trial to our readers. j Possibly this tea may be too astringent for persons of crfstive habits, though we could not perceive any ? effect of that sort, and it wou,ld be prudent for them to observe its effect Columbus Sun. .. Fur the Standard. 'rj v V TOWN MEETING. Pursuant to a call of Mayor Harrison, a number of citizens met at the Court House in this City, to make -arrangements tor the lunerat ceremonies ol the lata Gen'b Geo. B.-Anderson. Mayor Harrison took the Chair, and, on motion; Sam L a. xounganu u. o. oumu, cio VVvw Secretaries. ... ; . ,'': On motion of Col. V. M. uarnnger. me louowmg committee was appointed to draft' resolutions ex pressive of the sense of the meeting :r Messrs. D. M. iiarringer, Dr. KO. v;. fisner, v. u. uio.-u, Hon. John H. Bryan and Maj. H. W. Hugted. ..The following resolutions were presented by the committee and the same unanimously adopted : EesoUed That the community have heard with the most profound regret, of the death of Brig. Gen. Gkobob B. Anderson, in this 'Oityon the 16th inst, of wounds received in the battle of Sharps bunr. Md. . Resohed, That in the ;death of this yonng, gal lant and skufull officer, so distinguished on every battle-jield, and so beloved by his companions- in arms, a loss has. been sustained by our common cause which will- be long and deeply felt by the army by the pSople of (his State, and by the whole Confederacy. ' . Resohed, That we offer to his afflicted family and friends the expression of tha wannest sympathy of this whole community, for this theic severe and irreparable bereavement, and that as a token of re spect to his memory; the citizens be requested to attend his funeral. . Resohed, That a committee of ten be appointed by the Chairman to confer with thb military author ities of this place to make suitable arrangements' for the funeral ceremonies. , , ' Resohed, T.hat a copy of the proceedings of this meeting be furnished to the family of the deceased, and also to the tress ot tins Lity. w The committee of arrangements was appointed as follows: Messrs. Col. Daniel G. Fovtfe, Col. Wm. H. H, Tucker, Thaddeus McGee, Chas. B. Root, Dr. T. D. Hogg, L. E. Heartt, Dr. R. B. Haywood. James J. Litchford, Major A. M. Lewis and Captain Everard mil. . On motion, the meeting adjourned. W. H. HARRISON, CKnin. S. HYoi-no.) c , . H. S. Surra, J Secretaries. Raleigh, October 17, 1862. WITH A BOTTLE OF CIDER. Old friend accept this bottle Your mouth then open wider, First to imbibe, and then exclaim, By George ! what glorious cider 1 Perhaps some fair young damsel, Whose looks have ne'er belied her, Will not object to take a, swig, ' When you are down be cider. And if she thus indulges, . You then may have to guide her: But she will-sav it's owing to The stuff which is in cider. The Fever is Wilmington. A medical gentle man wno nas isi ted Wilmington, writes: I cannot as yet give any correct information as to the origin of the fever. It is generally. I may say universally, attributed toimportation by the- ivaie, on ner trip oeiore tne last, irom .Nassau. 1 will not question this opinion, at least until I have time for more particular inquiry. Of course the people do not like to admit that such a disease could originate in their town, and say that it has never beenhere since 1821, when if was introduced from abroad. It is positively asserted the healthiness of the place, previous to the arrival of the Kate, traces the first case to her; but be that as it may, I am sure that the condition of the town is now, and for some time has been, so far as I can judge from the appearances I see, most . neglected and filthy. There is apparently no provision for scavengering, and the cellars are filled with water, but a gentle man informs me that is always sot The Piiduost Railroad. The President recently sent in a communication to Congress informing that body of the contract entered into by the Richmond & Danville R. R. Company for the construction of this connection, bnt acknowledged liis ignorance .f the progress which has been made upon it Since the contract was entered into, we learn that the Company's offici rs have been very zealous in prose cuting the woik. The entire grading is under a contract, and the conditions are that it is to be com pleted by the 1st of May next, under a heavy pen alty. Already a mile or so of it is done, and a large number of hands are engaged upon it every day. The number of hands will be iifcreased shortly to fifteen hundred, and it is said that the, grading will be done by Christmas, perhaps. It is a matter of great interest, not only to the -Dftnville Rnilrivwl lint tn tho-ntmnla nf lraancKnm,! and Danville, and indeed of the whole country, that it should be com Dieted at the earliest itiv nnscihla and we are glad to learn that the sub-contractors an! preciate tuis importance ana are doing ail in their power to complete it Danrille AppeaL . Tiie Enemy Driven off the Inlet. Tf 0 Federal vessels lying some four miles below Fort Caswell on Friday having driven off a working party en gaged in leveling the hills, Gen. Rains sent to Col. Lamb at Fort Fisher to bring over his two long range seige guns, belonging to Starr's Fayetteville battery. The guns were carried over and placed in position on the beach, about a quarter of a mile opart, by the Colonel, and between nine and ten o'clock Saturday, a lire was opened on the unex pecting Yankee vessels, which were within two miles of the beach. . At the third shot which enter ed the paddle box of one of the steamers, she was too disabled to navigate, and" had to be'assisted by her consort Thirty-orte shots were fired from the guns, about ten of which took effect, doubtless kill ing a number of the enomy. The firing surpassed anything for precision that we have heard of on the seacoast The steamers were considerably splintered The enemy were so busy in leaving that they did not fire but three times. The crippled steamer did not fire. One 11 inch shell exploded near one of our guns, the other two shells fell far short Our lasft shot was thrown over the bow of one of the steamers when she was five miles off, the piojectile being in the air about twenty eight seconds. These siege guns are of wonderful range, throwing farther than the best guns the enemy have off this river. WiL Journal. The People or Norfolk to be. Starved into Lovaltt. Lincoln is determined to starve the peo ple of Norfolk into allegiance to his government : . The citizens of Norfolk, Virginia, are represented to be in a suffering condition, for an area containing furtv thousand inhabitants pickets, and traders from the country are forbidden .to enter the city with anything except vegetables. The port is under blockade", and our Vessels are not allowed to enter to trade." These stringent regula- "u,,a ui-v luiuo'c necessary on account ot the undisguised disloyalty and treachery of the citi zfcns of Norfolk. Gen. Viele has been here and rep resented the facts to the President and the Secreta ry of War, and to-day the subject was discussed in Cabinet It was argued that Norfolk, occupying a similar position to that of New Orleans, should be Supplied as a military necessity. Gen. Viele has no authority to supply the inhabitants from the mili tary stores. The Government refuses to supply them with food as prisoners of war, and the only relief must be permitted them to purchase provis ions for themselves. It is believed that the decision of the Cabinet was adverse to granting permits to Northern merchants to trade with Norfolk, as the Secretary of War refused such permits after the ad journment of the Cabinet Slandbr. "Donald," said a Scotcli dame", looking up from the catechism to her son, "what's a slan der f" "A slander, gude mither?" quoth young Donald, twisting the corner of his plaid, "aweel, I hardly kenj unless it be mayhap, an ower true tale which one gude woman tells of anitber." Cure fob the WnoopiNO Cough1: Dissolve- one ounce of assafcetida in one pint bf Jamaica rum mix with a little honey on syrup, and take a tea- I spoonful after each paroxysjn of coughing until, three , - s v. iuo .uemoers or the companies of CapU. r ad -Lewis,- held at Sasapahaw VS mance County, on .the 8th inst, on motion rw Paris was called to the chair, and S. N Pre appointed Secretary. . - haw " "- "unouncecr that the mpi;. called for the purpose of paying a w g speet to those of ouT friehds 5 "Ute ?f re" companies who have recently JuTT ?' our field, irt obedience to I A " the battle John y, JaWt0H.aR?Ll,he hT! jxewnn. .' "m iv the following preambl r.,.U.S:...who '" deaths of John Ray James n S k- "f th ham Newlin. John Rw"1 V il" his country on the 28th leaves a wife and child, fath r He his death. H.e was deemed lVwS l Ever ready to' discharge hfa dutv T thing in obedience to his couS'8 cTu rT7 battle at Manassas. James H tei bfeum liam E. .Newlin both feH Tn thea TVl Wil" lt,.t Sharpsburg. They" Sff age of eighteen, but did not falter when thl" tbe try called-leav,ng,fod parent hS&K' and numerous acquaintances. Wore- toffe ' " U h88 Pleased God m h mercies, to visit our army with the hand of death. W bow with submissive afld sorrowed hearts to His wilL knowing that ,t must be done. None knew bnt loved them. Theg were exemplary nS HSTTa T'7 qUaHty td con' the spect of all who knew them. . Resohed That we tender to their sorrowine parents and relatives our most heartfelt sympathies! trusting they may find consolation in the memory of their i ves and of the cause in which-they so nobly yielded them up. 7 Resolved, That a committee of four be appointd to transmit a copy of these proceedings to the Hiiu boro' Recorder and Raleigh Standard, with a re quest that they publish the same. , ROBT. PICKARD.1 dAS. MUKKOW, I T? 1T ITtiu V P.rvm E. graham, J. MA I. 1 For the Standard. At a regular meeting of the members of Fellow ship Lodge, No. 84. on Saturday the 13th Septem ber. 1Sfi5 A T. Kli9. H. fnlU; i.i , resolutions were adopted : Whereas, It has pleased Almighty God in His wisdom to take from our number by the hand of death, our much beloved brother, RcrriN D. Atkin son, P. M., and present S. D., who departed this life August 7th, 1862; therefore, Resolved, By the death of our brother we have lost one of our brightest jewels and attentive officers. Resolved, That we have a striking scene of mor tality before us, which should admonish us that the all-devouring scythtfof time is making its dreadful havoc amongst us ; and hope the practice of an ever living sprig of Faitb in the merits of the Lion of the tribe of Judea, to meet our brother in an all-perfect, glorious and celestial Lodge above, where the su preme Architect of the universe presides. Resolved, That we tender our sympathy to the bereaved widow and little children of our deceased brother, and assure them that they only share our grief, end- commend them to our God, who is a Father to the fatherless and a husband to the widow. In the hands of our Almighty Father we leave with humble submission the soul of our brother. The will of God is accomplished ; so mote it be. ' Resolosd, That we send a copy of these'resolu tions to the bereaved widowt and to the Fayetteville Observer for publication, and request the Raleigh Standard and Spirit of the Age to copy, and that we spread them on our Minutes. W. H. AVERA, W. M. NOTICE TO GURXISHERS. CONFEDERATE STATES COURT, ) - District of Albemarle, V Kocki Monsr, N. (3., Mar 20, 1S62. ) 66RDERED THAT THB LEBK OF THIS COURT " cause notice to be given in the Raleigh Rtgirttr, tbe N. C. Standard, and the State Journal, weekly fur fonr weeks preceding tbe next term of this Court, to all persona whi have been garnisheed in this District to appear at the next term and answer make tosucbgarnishments, or furth er troceedlngs will be had to compel answers." ' JlW. RAMSEY", Clerk. Oet.l7.1R2. 4SW. JUST RECEIVED, AT THOS. D. SLEDGE'S, FAVETTEY1LLE STREET. HHDS. CLARIFIED SUGAR. 8 balps Sheeting and Shirting. 2 casks of Rice. -8 bnxes finest Chewing Tobacco. 12 reams Blotting Paper. 6 dozen Ivory Fine Twitn Combs. ALSO, ' . A little more left of that pure old French Brandt and Madeira Wine, all of which will be sold as lowUth times will admit of. Kaleigh,Oct.U, m. 42-w4sw4C LO AND BEHOLD I THOMAS CARTER, THE RALEIGH NURSERYMAN, offers for sale the finest slock of FKCIT TREES, he -"a ne wm neii twin at me old prices, tix: 1st analitv a wile trees. 15 cents each. 1st Sd " Peach Trees, 12 10 " 60 - 85 " S5 " - " as 25 . Pefcr " Almond Trees, Cherry Apricot u Nectarine " Ficr Catawba and Scuppernong Vines, 25 Raspberries and Improved Blackberries, $1.00 tier oi. Apply early and get the best. Terms cash. " 1.50 per 100. heplSt), 1662.- 40-wfawlm. SAVE THE SCRAPS. SHAY, WILLIAMSON t CO., AT "THE NORTH State Iron and Brass Works," (formerly Burns' Fotut. dery,) will pay for scrap cast iron 3 cents per pound. For wrought iron scraps, scrap brass, scrap zink and scrap copper, the highest cash price will be paid. Tier will W.1 h.'8: t market price for a large quantity of char coal. Wnl also receive proposals for delivering two hun dred cords of wood. Raleigh, Sept. 19, 1868. T-wswSmpd. CAROLINA SALT. W AM NOW PRODUCING, AND KEEP CONSTANT M j on band, the best quality of CAROLINA HALT. Price (12 per busbel measurement. No order received for less than 50 bushels, and paydlent must accompany all orders- THOMAS EVANS, , Wilmington, N. C. Sept. 6, 12. 87 wsw2mpd. 100,000. PILES, FISTULA IN A NO, TUMORS, ., SPERMATORRHOEA, -ULCERATIONS OF THE WOMB, &c.-Da. J. A. CLOPTON, ot Montgomery, A'a-. gives special attention to the above diseases, and guarramees perfect satisfaction in every case. His friends proposed to bet flOO.OOO tbat he could cure the worst ease of PILES. He has operated with perfect success tn seven) easea pronounced hopeless bv distinguished surgeons. He baa never bad an accident to happen. . Persons writing must enclose a ten cent stamp to ensure attention. Apg. 12,1862. 83-wAswtf. ( . VALUABLE IIOUSB AND LOT FOR SALE. THE SUBSCRIBER OFFiJRS FOR SLE, IN CBAP e) Hill, valuable bouse and lot, for cash. The house is of brick, well built, containing seven rooms with six fire-places, and is forty feet by eighteen, wi'h a thirty-two feet L. There ara four acre of ground. There is an ex cellent Well of water on the lot. The lot is situated on the west college avenue. Apply to S. F. I'hillips, Esq., or to Ihe subscriber, at Chapel HilL . IRA BECKWITH. Sept. 5, 1SR2. 72-wAsw6w. MTnRTir CAROLINA. I ti0lTRT 0F PLEAS AlfD JiUts Kbid and wife and others, vs. -Petition to divide slaves. Thomas Perky and others. ) It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, tbat Tho. Perry, C. Trent and Mary bis wife. Dr. A. P. Brown and Martha his wife, William H. Bonner, C. L. Douglas and bis wife, and James Bonder, defendants in this cause, reside beyond the limits of this State; it is, therefore, on motion, ordered by tbe Court, that advertisement be made for six weeks successively in tbe Raleigh Standard, notify ing tbe said defeudums of Ihe filing of this petition, and that unless they appear at the next term of this Court) and answer the petition, the same shall be taken pro confute and beard e.r parte, as to them. ' Witness, Thomas C. Horton, Clerk of said Court at of fice in Louisburg, Ihe 2d Monday in September, A. d' n . , C. HORTON, a c. c Oct 17, 1862. (pr. adv. $5.62)f.) 41-wtt. ui ivui u.io fnou v n uuiwg UIO Uy. . p.