Newspaper Page Text
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'I I I m I 1 I'M III II III M
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No. 7. ' Honolulu, I-I. I., "Wodtiesday, May 8, 1895. 5 Ote
wtmrmam z
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THE INDEPENDENT
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V DANIEL LOGAN, Editor.
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"J. P. R0DRIGUES,
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FINlp GOODS, rind n GOOD
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WCHOR ,JSAI:nON'
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ly on hand.
Holu Acrnta for O. I T. Whiskey and tho
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it earner.
Nothing hut atialght good dUpeuied. ai
till popular retort
W. M. tWNINUHAM,
MANAGER (
PEARL HARBOR
The History of its
ITS LOCATION, APPFAR
ANOE, AND OTrfER '
CHARACTERISTICS
An Unorthodox Viow by a
Student.
Editor Independent:
Allow mo space in your columns
to publish an ossay on Poail
"arbor whioh piobably will soom
vory unorthodox and which in
oiftiiy ways differs in opinions
Und views from tho
dootrtno that tho salvation of
Hawaii lies in tho cession of Tear!
Harbor lo tlio United Statos, and
that the salvation of tho United
States lioa in tho possession of
Pearl Harbor. I write at soino
length becauao I do not alone
desire to convince you. Mr. Editor,
but also the groat numbers unacquainted
with tho Imib'r, of its
uselessnoss to Uuclo Sam aH a
naval station or as anything
you in advance fur the
spaco yoii allow I remain youis
against annotation.
Stud em1.
When, jn tho year 1880, whilo
the treaty oxtonding tho
alleged 'Reciprocity'' Treaty of
1874, between tho United States
and Hawaii, wda under
sideration in tho 'United Statos
Senate, Senator Edmunds socured
tho interpolation into its text, of
an articlo providfng for tho cession
by Hawaii to tho United
States, of tho exclusive privilogo
of entering Poarl Harbor with its
ships of war, and thore establishing
coaling and ropair stations for
tho nnvy of tho lattor, ho did an
act whose consoquoncos are not
yet fully unfolded. That was a
shrewd picco of stratogy on tlio
port of tl.o Vormont Senator, and
ono whioh did not at all appeal
to, or comfort tho Olevoland administration
of tho day, ps tho
writer hereof has amplo moans of
knowing. But it rondorod possible
by tho diveisity of
in tho Sonato, as to tho
or oxtonsion of tho' thon all
but lapsed treaty, upon any tonrisji
and tho scalo seems to have boon
turned in favor of such oxtonsion
by throwing in that large sizod
bunoh of national policy, of
weight, but thon supposed,
by thoso who know whoro Poarl
Harbor was locatod, to roproaent a
docisivo strategical advantago to
tho United Statos.
As negotiated by President
Cleveland's Socrotary of Stato,
Mr, Bayard, tho now treaty was a
very 'br'cf uud upsensatlohal
document, and moroly oxtonded,
in torms, tho thon'oxisting treaty,
'for period of sovon yoara from
tho duto ol the oxchango of tho L
ratifications thoroin provided for.
Tho old troaty. as alroadv statod,
'had thon alKbut lapsed. Indood,
it was onjoylng a moat procarious
tontiro of life, for its Btatod term
of sovfinyoors had ltjug ago
aiid it was flubjoot to abrogation
upon twelvo months'
notice-.from ,oithor of
powers, 'it was moroly
atpnantatBUfforanoo jn tho Am-
,Or;icait'Trooury, liablo to bo
tdwith notice to quit any day,
and "with a numerous and
contingent in tho Senate
,olamoring for tlio immediate sor,
vico ot such notico aa -would extinguish
it) arid wbuld relogat6
Hnwuii, tjlnt pnupor ponsiOuor
upon the funds of Undo Sam, to
a. position of It
was foil, and mot roasonably so,
that tho troaty in question, which
adraittod Hawaiian sugar and rice
to American ports duty frco, in
the face of a gonoral duty of
about two conts por pound upon
thoso commodities, was nothing
moro or less than -a bonus of so
much money paid by tho American
to tho so-called
"Hawaiian" planters, under
which inuocont and convenient
doscriptivo appellation wero included
planters of evory nationality
from China to Swedon, in nn
eastwaid course; "
But'whon tuo'docuinent, submitted
by. tho President to tho
Senalecamo from that body with
:in amendmont embodied in its
text which completely changed
its purport by oalling for a cession
by ono to tho other of tho
partios of a supposedly highly
vnluablo but indefinite territorial
advantage, it motaphoricilly
knocked both tho "high contracting
pnrtie.s," as represented by
tho Executivo of oithor Powor,
8,till higher. President Cleveland
pouted and sulked, as well ho
might, lo seo his little commercial
contract transinrgrilleu into a
treaty (if territorial accession by
the Sonato, whoso solo function
m tlio promises, was supposed to
consist" in oithor approving or
rejecting inetiumcnt submitted
to it," without amendment or
alteration. So much disposed
was TMr. Olevola'nd to resont this
unexamplod invasion of tho Exe
cutive domain, that his Secretary
of Stnto actually notifiod tho Hawaiian
Minister ot 'Washington,
that the President did not regard
tho troaty, as negotiated and
ngrood upon thy tho diplouJatS'
and as submitted by him to tho
Sonato, as having been approved
by tho latter body in such manner
as tho constitution
platod, nor so ns to inako it incumbent
upon tho President to
procoed with tho oxchango of ratifications.
But, if tho olfoot of tho Senatorial
aberration referred to was
sullennoss in tho Whito House, it
was consternation in Iolani
Palaco in Honolulu and in tho
halls of tho sugar batons throughout
this group. Tho administration
of Prime Minister Gibson,
though wont to ilout tho barons
aforosaid upon all minor mattors
and ocassions, seomed to. realize
that thoy must, in spito of tho
baronial opposition to and abuso
of their gonoral policy, so far
mollify tho barons on tho treaty
questions as to kcop sccuro thoir
'grasp upon tljo Unttod Stutos
treasury. Mr. Gibson'" was a
shrowd old fox in matters politi
oal, Ho had taken tho moasuro
of tho barons, and of thoir patriotic
piotonsions, and ho know
that, whilo left to feod undisturbed
upon tho dividond pio for
whioh thoy havo shown suoh a
rolish, no roal clanger lurked
thoir political inouthings.
Consequently, it was doomed of
vital imp'ortanoo to Mr. Gibson's
administration that tho troaty
should bo oxtonded upon somo
towns; but' thoso proposod by. tho
Sonato, involving as thoy did a
cession of territory and of
course of sovereignty, would
that administration, if accepted,
to a now daugor from its
orstwhilo supportors, tho Hawai
ian pooplo, who sworo wild
oaths against nnyouo who should
sign away an indh o'f thoir territory.
And so it oamo to pass that tho
sulks into which tho Edmund's
amendment to tho text of tho
troaty had thrown Mr.
moved tho salvation, fortho
timo boing. of the Gibson rogimo;
for, quietly depositing tho
amended draft of tho troaty in a
pigeon hole of tho Stato Department,
tho Prosidont sot at reBt,
for a year or moro all troaty agitation;
tho Louisiana sonutors
rotirod from tho fight against
it? cxtonsion; tho barons of Hawaii
resumed the task of spending
thoir dividonda" and clipping
tti on- conpons; anu until tuo lauor
part of 1887 nothing furthor
transpired as to the cossion of
Pearl Harbor,
In tho moahtimo,. (Juno 80,-July
1-1887) tUo first in tho
series of bloodless revolutions for
which Hawaii has become if not
famous nt least notorious oamo to
pass. Tnrough it Mr. Gibson
was forcod out of tho Uovornmont,
a so-called Reform Cabinet Was
placed in office, tho constitution
was abrogated, and auothor pro
mulgated in its stead Whoroby
tho King was rcduodd Irom a
porsonal ruler to a virtual figure
hoad. Tho sugar barons wore
in tho saddlo Undor the now
disporisdtion, and at once negotiations
wore for an
of the troaty. Mr.
lrieantiirio,' had outgrown
tho feeling of rosonttriont incident
to tho Sonata's having trodden
upon his executive corns, nnd
began to admit tho advantage of
proceeding to an oxchango of
ratifications of tho treaty. This
Was . accordingly dono in November
1887, and so tho treaty
was givonarenowed term of seven
years, at tho end of which period,
in November of last year, and
thereafter, oither party may
nbrogato it upon tho twolvo
months' notico to tho othor.
But tho oxchango of ratification
last roforred to was precoded and.
accompanied by a correspondence
botwoon tho Hawaiian
inont, acting through iiAIinistor,
nt 'Washington, aid tho Amdricau
Secretary of Stato, Mr. bayard,
wherein was embodied what
diplomatic gentlemen tiro plcasod
to term a "contemporary construction"
of the moaninc of tho
Article in tho troaty which cedes
to th6 United States 1ho oxclusivo
rights nbovo roforred to. In a few
words, the effect of suoh correspondence,
was to deolaro that
oaoh of tho contracting partios
understood and interpreted that
articlo to bo coterminous, in point
of timo, with I ho rest of tho
troaty, and that it implied and
involved no cossion of sovereignty
in any part of tho coded watora or
territory, by or on tho -part of
tho Hawaiian Government to tho
United Statos. Just how ono nation
can oodo to anothor oxclusivo
privileges of occupancy of tho
territory of tho coding powor
without a cossion or loss of
soYoroignty, or just how thoro
can bo a dual sovoroignty'in Poarl
Harbor, in oaso it shall over bo
'occupied as contemplated in tho
articlo of tho troaty notf undor
disousslon, is ono pf thoso puzzles
which, Iporhaps, oan host bo
answered by members of tho
Corps Diplomatic . In tho
tho United States Govern
ment tlmugh its naval .officers
on tlilw station has boon acting
as though it intended to avail
itsolf bt tho grant in quostiou:and
tho balanco of thts artiolo will bo
dovotod to a description of tho
subject of tho grants its physical
foaturos, and othor mattors
to an understanding of tho
situation in tho world-famous
Pearl Lochs.
Wo be continued
WING WO TAI & CO.-
No 28 Nniinnu Stroot
Honolulu,1 'U. ,
J
Commission , MeebantH, Importom uud
Dealers lu (lenorul Merchaudlse, fina Mani-In
Cigars, Chinese ntt Japeneso
'Mattings. Viuses of all Binds, Cum.
phorwood Trunks IWtt m Chairs. A'fina
assortment of Dress Sllltn, ohaicost Drauds
of Cluneso and Japanese Teas of Latest lm.
poitutlouf.
g)gT Inspocliqhjof Neyv Qoods wnpoctj
fufiyolieit ,eu,
Bell Tel, 280 V. O. Dox 158,
E B, THOMAS,
Contractor and Builder
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King Btrcet. my3
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F.J. TESTA.
BEAHCHEIl OF ItECOnD3. COLLECTOR.
Translator In English and llawallan, Item
Estato Agent, Copyist, Typewriter. Stamp
Dealer, Purchasing, Commission and Advertising
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w ell as all matters conlldentlal. Hawaiian
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rar Ofllcc, No. .laTJClug St., tho former
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F0R; SALE.
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ONE GORDON B COFFER 'PUWPER,
Hand Power. A' bargain. Aj ply for
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CITY SHOEING SHOP.
HorsbvBhooing a speciality. All
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Chbice Liquor and Fine Beer
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IH'.LL TELEPHONE 401.
Alexander Cliislioliii,
(Successor to Chas, Hammer.)
HURNE S S-:-MAKER
i-i
Kliie and Fort streets,
Js prepared to manufacturo all kinds and
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Lowest or Trices for Cas!i,
All orlguaionteed io be satisfactory before
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g i
to MS
W fTrar
I A' TKfrA s. .. I u i II iTi 1
i t
i 'c.iiMS'5Jik, nrf aft rV33
AHbTv wfoJwj77 P III c.
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You Never Saw
Did
This seem,s to be a
in this Paper, &
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Good Prices TOO !
The Big Foyt Street
SHOE STORE
Manufacturers Shoe Co.
'OBBWAT
Our "AD" .Befo e
You ?."
Good Location
Our Shoes &re
& FOKV MW 8)
between Fort and Nuiutnu,
Airivals, tho Lnigest Stock of FUR
to this Country, Comprising
CarELi
Bedroom Sets
0
of the LATESl DESIGNS.
CALLED TO THESE SETS:
?'n?,dk?r Wai'' cousi8t''R of
ote., you can got thoso in ony
dosiro.
X JEL S ,
in ovory stylo, including OFFICE
OHAIRg.
thoso Tablos, with CHAIRS to
now in stock tho mot
ROOM FURNITURE
SEEN HERE.
and -:- Chiffoniers
a 3xr s ,
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Have Just Bocoivcd, or Luto
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SPECIAL ATTENTION IS
SOP S CHAIRS, D JCKERS
l'INISIIyou
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Countless nnmbors of CHAIRS,
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BEAUTIFUL DINING
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Sideboards -:-
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i?l!TrfTraKApqP01lTIElJB,nr? boooin,,,B ato tho rago in
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Groat Asqprtmont of WOVEN WIRE MATTRl?cic!T'C! q..: Tr
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