Newspaper Page Text
VERMONT WATCHMAJf & ST ATE JOURNAL
BY E. P. WALTON & SONS.
MONTPELIER, THURSDAY, DECEMBER. 11, 1845.
VOL. XL, NO. 4.-WIIOLE NO. 2043.
WATCHMAN fc JOURNAL.
TERMS 91 ft) cash In advance $3" if payment li not matte
In udvanco interest always charged from the end ofino jeai
POETRY.
TIUPLES.
How ti It, o'er tlio troiget mind,
TJint IridpK lM uch f n f
A wonl nn)'t 'n a lugk unlilna
JlnydifUnftll IUVmlny.
Oh, in till xvotLl of tl.illy core,
, 'i'Jie lltouVnJf Uiat liuvo orient
Con any Iiardli1p Krtter lenr
Tliuti tliey cnn hoar a word!
Tho in nil lio u ttl heroic heart
Cnn tent misfortune meet,
Unflinchingly i-crlbim hU part,
Aii't tru?gla 'ifalnfl defeat
Wltli faith unalteieil, yet can 1mo
tli tamper, e'en fur aught
Which filli nut on hi will wuuM chooo,
Or urovci net what he nought I
Anil wonin con forgivo a wrong
Which conii her on th world
Tnr bitter thnn fwitiie tho tongue
'Hint may fumo ineer huve hiulctl;
A Ihounnnd tunc picfrr a lot
Ai lifinl ni w Hitt deplores.
Than feel or think I.cr-df lorgot
Jly ono her t oul adores t
Ah, the human heatt'i fit fault
And itill ly turm it claim
A noMen lli.it cnn exaltt
A litlleneM that ihiinei t
Of trcnglli ntnl ucnkncM Mill combined,
('ompt-uiidcd of the mean nil J grand)
And tiillfi thu wilt hnkc the mind
That would a teniwiit Hand.
Give me that pou1-unerior jinwer,
That contUft over fite,
Width tvruy tho Hokneiof tlif hour,
l.u'Pi little thin? ii h grntii
TJut lull the hum m w.ivc of strife
With words mid f.'i'li..R kind.
And ma ken the ttl iU of our lifu
Tho lrlumih of our mind!
Trom the Ilojton Courier
THE COMING OP W I ITER.
or thomai niKiurctn read.
tempted her. Accustomed, besides, to bo nssocitv tcr rind his sister; but the rcmcmbrnnco of their
ted with her brother in nil his nets, she booh do onmitv. nnd of their Into rnmnrncnl rnnrn.inlma. fill.
clnrcd that she was rendy to do U8 ho should decide. , ed these two hearts, nnd kept them nt a distnnco
" i oniCf men, lor n voyage in mo uir, uxciauuuu irom encn oilier, even in inolr common danger.
Michel. I Meanwhile, tho balloon, abandoned to the niirlit-
Appronching tho car, ho seated himself with, winds, floated nt chanco in tho heavens, now rapid
Autumn' lghlngt
Moaning, dying
L'Jomli ure tljinjf
On like steed
While their shadows
OVr tho mendon
Wnlk liko widows
Decked In weed.
Red leaves trailing,
Tall unfallin?,
Drooping, sail in?
Troiii tho wood,
That unpliant,
Stands dcflint,
Like a Giant
Dropping blood.
Winds ura swelling
Round oin dwelling,
All day telling
Us their wo,
And at cper
Fro'tJ grow crUper,
As they whimper
Of tho snow.
Trom th1 unseen land
Troren Inland,
Down from (.rccnlind
Winter glides,
Shedding lightness,
Liko tho biilitiiem
When inoon-wliiteneii
Tills tho tides.
Now bright pleaure's
Hparktin measures
With rro treasures
Overflow 1
Willi this gladness
Conies w hat sadness 1
Oh what madness I
Oh, what wot
Even merit
May inherit
Fomo haro garret,
Or the ground j
Or, n worse ill,
lleg a morsel
At some door-sill,
Like a hound 1
Htorms are trailing,
Wind nro wnllmg,
Howlimj. railing
At ouch door.
'Midst thu trailing,
Howling, railing,
Lilt the' walling
Of the poor!
MISCELLANEOUS.
A NIGHT IN TUB CLOUDS.
Translated for Iho Boston Atlas, from tho Trench.
.
It Vvas Sunday evening in tho month of August
Tlio inhabitants of Mannheim were returning in ! given to man tho fertile field, tho navigable river,
Florence
Ah strvin ns tlin nttenilnnt saw that thev were scat-1
cd, ho loosened thu cords, and the balloon slowly
rose.
The vontiff trirl feclins hcisclf risintr, could not
repress a cry of fear, nnd turned pale. Tho Btran
gcr, who sat opposite iier, extended his hand towards
tho bell.
"Shall wo return, ho asked, with a smilo.
"A thousand thantis. sir." renlied Florence. whoso
color almost immediately returned J "1 shall soon
hecomo accustomed to this sensation."
"See! see!" interrupted Michel, "wo arc al
ready higher than tho trees."
Tlio young girl looKed downwards, ana uccamc
rcassuri'd.
Tlio Jarilm dc la Cuban was presented to tho
cyo in its whole extent. It resembled ono of thojc
plans in relief, which we see ip our military muse
ums. Immediately under the balloon was tho es
planade, covered with an eager crowd, whoso noiso
hardly reached our aerial travellers. Tho nir was
lighter, and loaded with terrestrial perfumes, it had
an exciting freshness. Tiorenco turned her radi-
nnt face towards her brother.
"How grand and beautiful is all that surrounds
us," she exclaimed: "Toll me, Michel, do you not
feel a sort of intbxirntion, and aro you not happier
and more tranquil than you wore just now?"
"It is true,"' replied It ittcr ; "tho physical sen
sation pisses into the soul, and I fuel ns if I hovcr-
utlovcr tho iniquities of men, as I do above their
homes. But what is prep iring there, and why has
that crowd .ollccted on tho esphinado?'
" It is waiting for tho tire-works," observed the
stranger.
" Yes! there aro the first rockets," said Florence.
" Why do they go oil' thus, ono after another?"
"Oh! see, the staging which sustained tho prin
cipal pieces has just fallen."
"It is a failure."
" And do you hear the cries?"
'May God pardon mo!" interrupted Michel,
"they are breaking tho balustrades which sur
rounded the seats."
" It is a riot among the students," said tho stran
ger smiling, "they aro revenging themselves upon
tho garden for their disappointment."
"How lucky that wo aro not in tho midst of that
tumult," observed Florence.
"You aro then reconciled to bo hero?" asked
Rittor.
" Entirely.''
"Then wo can riso farther."
Ho made tho appointed signal ; tho cords wore
loosened and tho balloon again rose for some time,
and then stopped.
The three travellers uttered a cry of admiration,
almost together.
Under their feet extended, as f.iras tho eye conld
reach, beautiful valleys, forests, meadows, cultivat
ed fields and villages, whose various tints and forms
seemed like so many capricious embroideries. Tho
Black Forest, towards Wurtembnrg, and the Rhine,
towards Fiance, surrounded this picture with a
waving lino, whilst the Ncckar, covered with sails,
was seen winding nlong and losing itself in tho
distance.
" Happy country !" said the stranger, as if sneak
ing to himself, " happy country, where God h.is
ly cleaving tho nir, liko n swallow returning to its
nest, now resting obovo tho mountains, liko a vtil
turo which hovers over its prey. Sometimes, Hit
ter nnd LofTman bent over the car, and in tlio depths
of that gulf of darkness could see tlio lights which
marked tho town3 and hamlets. But, by degrees,
these last traces of earth disanncarcdt tho balloon
had reached tho upper regions, and each moment
'Then tho judgment is pronounced, and wo shall
know"
lie extended his trembling hand to tako tho let
ter but Florenco seized hisliand in liors, aiid cast
ing a timid look upon Loflinan, said :
"Ah! whatever may happen, do not forgot you
have renounced your hatred."
"That letter (give mo that letter!" Interrupted
Miciiuj, Bomotvnai agitated.
Tho young girl stopped back.
"Promise first to submit to whatever has been
decided, without fooling enmity," she exclaimed,
with moro vivacity.
Aim pointing nt tho fir trco nt tho foot of tho hill,
tlio nir becamo more rare. Our three travellers ' in tho branches of which tho wreck of the balloon
uegan to leel onnrcssod. Low noises sounded in was still haii'miif. r in m i nil
joyous troops to the city. All the gardens, which
Had neon recently established on tlio site ol tlio dis
mantled fortifications, were silent and deserted, with
the exception of one, which re-echoed with the
noise of voices nnd sound of musical instruments.
This was called tho Jurtlin tc la Cabane, and was
celebrated at Mannheim for its rustic balls, its mock
tournaments, its fireworks, and its ballons.
These last had Jonir nttractcd the crowd,
from their novelty. Although tho admirable dis
covery of the brothers Montgolfier was not a new
one, yet as nobody had, till recently, thought of it
ns a means of amusement, its success had been so
and tho wooded mountain."
Michel sighed.
"Happy, above all, if ho had not left a place for
lawsuits and calumnies in it;" he added, in a low
voice.
Tho unnknown turned towards him.
"Ah! sir, no one knows that better than I," ho
replied.
"Aro yon also, then, forced to defend your rights
before Judges?''
"And nguinst an adversary who will neglect
nothing to despoil inc."
" I hit is liko nunc," sjkI Michel ; " it lie gams
their oars; painful sensations ran through their
uodic3; and tho air each moment grew colder, and
chilled their benumbed limbs. Florence, whoso
strength was exhausted, slid down to her brother's
feet
" What nro you doing?" ho exclaimed.
"I wish to sleep," murmured the young girl.
"Awake! awake!" continued Michel, frighten
ed, "to sleep is death. Riso! Florence."
Hut sho remained immovable.
"Florence!" repeated Michel, dismayed; "oh!
my God ! sho docs not hoar mo ; and no means of
warming her "
"Take this mantle," said a voice.
IIo raised his head, and perceived Loflinan, who
was taking off u fur cloak, in which he was wrap
ped. "But yourself?" asked Rittor, surprised, and a
little touched.
" It is for tho strongest to suffer," replied Chris
tian, unfolding the mantle.
Michel asisted him to envelope his sister in it,
and whilo taking this care, his hand met that of the
young man; ho seized it quickly and pressed it.
" What you do, redeems all the rest," ho said,
" and I regret having spoken tho words which of
fended you."
" Do not regret anything," replied Loflinan, " for
tho greatest wrong has como from mo."
"Let us then be indulgent to each other," an
swered Michel. "Each of us will soon have to
justify himself before God, for his sentiments and
actions. Let us,at loist, dismiss our hatred, before
appearing before Him."
"I no longer have any," exclaimed Christian.
"Thoro is my hand, Michel Ritter, and it is that of
a menu."
" I accept it, as such," said Michel, with emotion,
" Wo havo both been deceived, LofTman ; each of
us lias believed that the other was a wicked person,
because ho had interests opposed to ours, and wo
have calumniated each other, because wo did not
know better. Alas! it is too often so, among men;
their hatred is only ignorance, or misunderstanding.
Lot us both thank God, for having united us, nt tins
last hour, that wo may present ourselves before
Him without anger in our hearts."
"Oh! I would think Him with you, Michel,"
said Florence, who had revived.
"Let us nrav to Him. then." said Ritter. takinir
her in his arms; "and may Ho pardon us, as wo
pardon each other."
At those words, ho uncovered himself, as well as
Christian, nnd tho thrco hearts were mingled in a
common prayer.
As they finished, a pale light colored tho East;
it was day.
I he wind, which till then hid borne them towards
"Recollect tho niuht nissed In tho clouds, nnd
the oath you havo taken."
Ritter and Loll'nian looked at oach other. Thoro
was a moment of hesitation, then both extended
their hands.
"Yes,'' exclaimed Michel, "it shall never bo
said, that danger alone has opened our hearts to
pity. Saved by the goodness of God, let us provo
our gratitude to him by our submission. Christian
Lollinan, wo havo loll our enmity in tho clouds;
let us not resumo it now, that wo aro upon tho
earth. Whatever this letter may announce, I de
clare, I will accept it without anger."
II A n.l t ...Ml 1.1 f. V. I P t . -
--mm i win Hies-) ii, ior iiavmg secured mo a
friend," added Christian, " though it ruin all my
hopes "
Florence hold out tho letter to her brother, who
opening it with a firm hand, read it and turned
slightly pale. The young girl moved.
" You aro in your own Mouse, Mr. Lollinan," Bald
tho fanner, turning towards the young mm.
r-SoJ tho Judges havo decided in mv favor." ho
cried, with an outburst of joy.
ucre is tno decree.
Christian look tho piper which Michel extended
to him.
" Henceforth, you are tho master of all, which
belonged to your cousin," continued tlio farmer.
"His estate is youra -"
"An estate is not equal to tho happiness of a
friend!" intorfftitod Lollinan. tearing in nieces the
judgment.
Kittor looked at him with astonishment. Flor
ence clasped her hands.
"Yes," continued tho young man, "I havo enter
ed hero as a guest; I will not remain as an enemy.
IIo who has received mo with so much gonorosiiv,
shall himself designate an arbiter who shall eetlio
our rights."
"I," sai.l Rittor, softened, " whom can I choose ?"
Loflinan turned a look full of tenderness towards
Florence, whoso eyes foil ; then taking tho farmer's
hand, said:
" It is for her, who lias formed tho friendship, to
closo the bonds, and to render the division easy be
tween us."
" How is that?" asked Michel.
" By making us brothers us well as friends."
Ritter smiled, nnd looked at Florence, as if to
mterrogato her with a look. Tho young girl throw
herself upon Jiis breast and extended her hand to
Loflinan.
TO
MESSAGE
OF TUB
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
I)ECE.!iil!ll 1815.
Fellow cithats of Ihz Semite
nnd llovtenf lltprese ntatlves :
It Is to mo n inurca of unaffected satisfaction to meet tlio Urn.
resent itlvcs of (ho Sulci .in.l tho pcoplo in (.'onjrcsi nssem'ilcj,
n it will lo In rncclro the IJ or their Comlilnoif wl.rlom In tho
iiiliiilul'Iriillon of pu'iliciifr.ilrs. In performiiis, Tor tlio first tlmo,
tlio fluty inpo.ftl mi mo hy tlin Constitution, of plvim to you In
formation of tlio Ht ltd of tho Union, ami recommending to your
con.idoralioii surli measures ns, in my Judgment, are nocossnry
am! expedient, I am Inppy that I can congiatulato you on tho
f untliiueil pru.pcrlly nl our country. Under tho hlossinis of l)i.
vino rrovld"iici uml tliohenlgn Irifliieneo of our fron Institutions,
it fluids heforo the world a spocuclo of natiunal happinass.
Ith nor unexampled advancement in all tho elements of na
tion it grontnes., the affection of the pcoplo Is confirmed for tho
Union of Iho Htales, an I for tho doctrines uf popular Iilicrly,
which lln at tlin foundation of our government.
It hecomes us, In humility, to muRo our devout Acknowledge
ments to tlio Hiiprcino lluler of tlio Universe for tho inestimable
civil and reli-ious hlcsslng. with which wo are fivorod.
In Cabin? tho attention of ITonvfn.. fit nut r-l.tllnn. tvlll, Fnt.
eifn Powerl. I am grilided to hn alilo to stale, that, tlioujh with
Msina of them tlioro havo existed, since your Ust session, serious
Causes of Irritation nnd inisunderstinding, yet no actual hostlll
l",'.5?m?onl of c,,lm' undecided. Of tho hlter, the American
uomm ,,l"ners had decldod In favor of our eltliens. et.ln,. .
mountinff .
i i V M "wi'iroo nm iweniy-eigni inousann six nun
left rn;t.TiT,,i,"".n MU" ""I'ljMy-olgl't cents, which wern
nun mm bi
in , " kj vrivfecn mree mm lour
:TwVri; 1,110 t0 1,0 considered,
Ilnl! Jlir n'J r1 lh'lr-nlno doll! ind sity-elgf.t
H H M i n i M in i ,5"'I,,T" "lusted and ascertslnVd
Uo reason for dvUjUg its piyment according to tho terms' of tl.o
trority. It was npt, however, pa d. Meslco appl.ed for further
indufcmre nnd In tl.nt spirit of Wralit and iVrhearanco which
hns over marked tho policy of the United Ptstf-s towards that re
puMie, tho request was granted i and, on tho tl.lr.leth of Janua
ry, 131.1, a now treaty was concluded. Ihr this treaty it was pro
vided, that the Interest duo on tho awards in ftvor of clnimants
under tho convention of tho elmei.tli of Afrtl, 183U should Im
pild on tho thirtieth of April, 1813 f nnd that " tho principal of
said nwurds, nnd the interest arising thereon, shall be paid in fivo
years, In equal instalments every thrco months 1 the said term of
fivo years to commence oi the thlrliclli day of April, 1813, as
aforesaid.1 Tho interest duo on tlio thirtieth day of April, 1813,
and the threo fiist of tho twenty Instilments, havo becnptld.
Seventeen of these instalments remain unpaid, seven of which
ore now dup.
Tho claims which wero left undecided hy the joint commission
amounting to more than three millions of dollars, together with
other claims for spoliations on the property of our eltliens, wero
autMcquentlj presented to tho Mexican government for payment,
and wero so f.ir recognlied, that a treaty, providing for their ex
amination and settlement hy a joint commiiiion. wn concluded
- , '"('" "7 m"iii i i vwiiuuv ui i a iii3 i.ronijr wan rauneu uv mo inuea Dimes, wim certain a-
nur lurHgn aflrtirs, to nk nothing that Is not right, and submit mendments, to which no lust exception could have been taken J
to nothing Hut is wrong," it lus been my anxious dasiro to pre but it his not yet received the ratification of thn Mexican gov
servo nojce with all n ltiorns t but, at tho sntno time, to be pro- ernment. In tho meantime. ourcltizens.whosuiTeredercat bus-
Hired til res lit il?7rpn8imi. nnd tn mi Intnl.. nil nur In it rtnhfa. m! mm. r.r k.n r m .- i. .
In nursumeq of the joint tesolnllon of I'ongrei. 14 for annex- ruptcy, are without remedy, iinloss their riehts be enforced bt
"S to tho Umtod States," my predecessor, on tho third , their government. Puch a continued and unprovoked series of
diy nf March 1815, elected to submit the first and second sections , wronzn could never havo been tolerated by tho United Hiotes.had
of Uml resolution to tho repuMic of Texas, as un overturo,nn tho I they been committed by one of tho principal nations of Hurope.
p irt or tho Unitiid Hlntoi for her admission as a Stalo into our Mexico was, however, a neighboring sister republic, which. fI
it rl' J' ,?Jl'on ' nl'Pfved, and accordingly tho chargo lowing our example, had achieved her Independence, and for
d . .ilrilrcs of Iho United HUtes, In Texas, undor Instructions of whoe supcom nnd nrmperity all our sympathies were early en
Iho tenth of March, 1815. presented these sections of tho resold- lifted. The United Htutes wero tho first to rccognUe her indo
tion for tho nccept.iniv of th it repuMie Tho executive govern- pendence, and to receive her Into Iho family of nations, nnd havo
ment, the Congrest, and tho people of Texas In convention, havo ) ever Immmi desirous of cultivating with her a good understanding.
siKCCiMivply complied with nil the terms and conditions of the We havo, therefore, borne lh repeated wrongs she has comm it
joint resolution. A cnnititution for tho govern men t of tho Stiito i ted, with great patience, In the hope thnt & returning sense of
of Tcx.i, formed hy a convention if deputies, Is herewith laid justico would ultimately guide her councili, and that wo might,
before OngreM. It is wo II known, also, lint the people of Tex-; if wwihl, honorably avoid any hostilo collision with her.
ns U the polls have accepted tho terms of annexation, and rati- Without tho previous authority of Congress, th Hxecutlve nos
fied Iho constitution. I scssed fToponr r to adopt or enforce adequate remedies for tho in-
I cominu licnte to Congress tho correspondence between tho juries wo had suffered, or to do moro than bo prepared to repel
Hccrctiry of t-ito end our rhuigo dalTaires In Texas ; nnd alo the threatened aggression on the part of Mexico. After our ar
tho correspondence of tho litter with tho nuthorilies of Texas my and navy had remiined on the frontier and coasts of Mexico
together with tho official documents transmitted by him to his ' for many weeks, without any hostile movement on her part, tho1
own government. her menaces wero continued, I deemed It Important to put an
J ho terms of annexation which were offered hy tlio United I end, If possible, to this slate of things. With this view, I caus
Stit., lining been aceptiul by Texas, tho public faith of both ed steps to bo taken, in the month of Septcmbor last, to nscer-
Ittrtb'' IS solumnly pledged to thu comoCt of their union. Nntli. tntn d UfintMlv. nnd In nn nothentie form, whftt tlin flelrm nf lhA
In? ri m tins to consummato the eent, but tho pausngo of an act Mexican government were J whether It was their Intention to do
by ingress to admit the i?tato of Texas Into the Union, upon an I clare war, or invndo Texas, or whether they were disposed to ad-
viu ! lueiMHij; hii iiiu utiiiiui iiiie, ri rung reasons exist w ny
thN should bo done at nn early period of tho aciision. It will bo
observed mai, ny ino contllution oi Texan, tho exUting Rovern-
IMPORTANCE OF SOLAR RAVS
HEALTH.
An nblo nnd lucid article in Cliatnbcr'd Etl'm
burgh Journ.iK ater pointing out very neiHibly iho
nccus.sitv not only of light and heat, but nls.i of
the upper rcpions, appeared all at once to subside ; their coming, hy radiation, (which id called actinism,
tho balloon beg.in to descend softly, and a little from a Greek word, signifying a rty,) t the proper
hope returned to their hearts. " 1 growth and health of plants and true, proceeds
The reconciliation had besides reanimated their
courage. Isolated till then by hatred, neither of
them had had any other consoler and support but
himself, whiUt now they found three could sustain
and support each other.
thus :
" Turning now to the animal economy, we find
growth, health, and dovelopcment als ) curiously af
fected by tlio absence or presence
lluencc. lir. Jvtwards Mis sh
general and rapid in Germany, that all tho public his suit, I lose all I have acquired by the past.
gardens soon had their balloons, and an ascension
had hecomo almost as common and as little feared,
as a sail on tuc Klnne.
It is true these aerial vovaires wero short, and
offered but few dangers. Securely fastened to the
ground by cords, which could be lengthened or
shortened nt pleasure, tlio balloon rose only to the
" I, all that tho future promised me"
"Tho fruit of my labor will enrich a miser."
uf," All my hopes will be destroyed for tho benefit
oi a nypocritc."
" Yet, I fear that hw will silence justice."
"I, that intrigue will triumph over right."
in: I see,' exclaimed ..Michel, "our position
height the auronaut might desire, and hardly ever is the same, sir; your opponent must be another
rnmnlnrl liit.lin 1 1,..., . I Plipiutim T nlT.nni '
l.-fl. . 1 1 .ii. ... t . n
uoiucsi ascensions.
The crowd had already abandoned the moro re
mole' parts of the garden for the grand esplanade,
where the fireworks were prepared. The shrubbery
had been deserted some time, when a man of about
forty years of age appeared in one of tho most
Christiun LofTman!" repeated the stranger,
" that is rny name."
" Yours!'
"And my adversary is named Michel Ritter."
"That is my name."
The two men looked at each otner with surprise,
The sun rose, and thev soon saw tho fields of ho nourished with proper food, ond exposed to the
Baden. constantly lcnewed action of the wator, (so that
It was liko a resurrection for them; they were 'their tronchical respiration may bo maintained,) hut
no longer alone in that abyss of darkness, in which nro entirely deprived of light, their growth contm
they iiad floated nil night; the sun shone ; the tcortd , lies, but their metamorphosis into air breathing an
yet remained ! They saw it under them ; they per-j imals is arrested, and they remain in the form of
ceived the rivers, the mountains, tho cities; there 'largo tadpoles Ho also observes that person who
were men like them, whose eyes, perhaps, followed ! live in caves or cellar., or in very dark and n irrow
them in the clouds, whoso wishes called them. irwls, aro.apt to produce deformed children ; and
The balloon was still descending. .that inci who work in mines are liable to dne.iso
At length they could distinguish fields, houses, laud deformity beyond what tho simple closeness of
men. All at once, Ritter uttered an exclamation 1 the atmosphere would bo likely to produce. It has
of joy. He had recognized Loerrach, and farther j been stnted, on the authority of A. Wylio, that tho
on, on the summit of tho hills, his own village and cases of disease, on the dark side of an exteiwive
fields! Tho wind cariicd them towards it They i barrack at St. Petersburg!), have been uniformly for
soon arrived above the meadows which border the many years in tho proportion of three to one on the
hills. jsido exposed to the strong liht. Kiuther, Dupuy-
Florence, who was sobbing, had joined her hands, iron relates the case of a lady whoo in ihidies had
ment is only continued temporarily till Congress can acu and
thnt the third Monday of tho present month is the day appointed
for holding tho first ijonrrul election. On that day a coventor, a
lieutenant governor, and both branches of tho legislature, will
ho chosen by the pcoplo. Tho President of Texas is required,
immcdi ttely after tho receipt ofnfficiul information, that tlio new
State has been admitted Into our Union by Congress, to convene
tho Legist ituro j and, upon Its meeting, tho existing government
will be superseded, nnd the Stito government organized. Ques
tions deeply Interesting loTetns, In common with tho other
Stites ; the extension of our revenue laws and judici.il system
oi cr h'jr people and territory, as well as mcnaures of a local char
acter, will claim tho e irly attention of Congro J and, therefore,
upon every principle of republican government, she ought to be
represented in that loy, without unnecessary delay. I cannot
too earnestly recommend prompt action on this important subject.
As soon as the net to admit Toxis as a t'tato shull bo pied,
tho union of tho tuu republics will bo consummated by their own
voluntary concent
This accestion to out territory his been a bloodless achieve
ment. No arm uf force has beon rulscd to produce the result.
The sword has had no put in tho victory, we haio not sought
to cttend our tcrritorl il poxoemions by conquest, or our rcpuMl-
i cnn iniiKuuou over u iciuciiini pcodio. it was tne iieiiocraie
noinago oi eacu pcopia to too great principle oi our leucruuio
UlllOl.
If wo consider the extent of territory Involved In tho anneta
tlon its prospective Influence on America the means hy which
it h is been nccoinn!ihfd. snrhisiiiff nuretv from tho choice of the
pcoplo llieinsotvcs to shiro the olesin?s of our union. tho hls-
Inrv of I ho wo 1 1.1 tn. iv bn ehiitbn'nil In fopnijli n nnmlint.
The jurisdiction ot the United .-'tit en, which at the formation
of tho federal constitution was (founded bv tho St. Mnrv's on the
Atlantic, has passed tlio Canes of Floilda. and been ueacefullv
1 extended to the I 1 Norte In contemplating tho giandcur of
mi pvuui, ii i nc. iu no urouen m 11 inn rosou was acnieroa
in spue oi ino uipMin iiic intTierenco oi European monircmes.
Uven IV nice tl.o country which had ben our ancient ally the
' country which Ins a common iuterfst with un in miintalmni the
i frued'ini of tho sum tho country which, by the cesuion of Lou-
ii tn i, tirnt ottcned to us access to tho flult of Mexico the coun
try with which we hivo been every year drawing moro and mare
unexpectedly,
prevent an-
tne recognt-
neiuIcnco ly .Mexico, that she would never tola
herself to tho United States. We may rejoice that the tranquil
and pervadin; inlluencoof tho Amcricun principle of self-government
was nutficicnt to defeat tho purjMnes o Drilish and French
Interference, an I tit it the almost U'lanlmous voice of the people
of Texas h is givi-n to that Inlerfercnco a peaceful and effective
rohtike. IVuin this examplo I'urojiLMtn governments nny learn
how viln diploinitic arts nud Intrigues muit ever prove upon this
conti icnt, against th it s) stein of Helf-guvernment which seems
niMuriii iu our hoii, una uicn win ever resist lorcijn inierier
ence.
'1'ownrds Toxas, I do not doubt that n liberal and generous spir
it will actu iio Congre s, in all that concerns her interests und
' prospnrity, nnd thit she will never hivo cause to regret that sho
; bin united hm '"(.m-j stir" to our glorious constell ition
i cluiujiii , w c iiuu jry wjt( which wo hivo been every yoar drawing inon
!ltt als ) CUrlOUsly at- clocly tho bon I of successful commerce most un
iwn dl" tbo Ji.lirin. ! un t to our unfeigned regret, took part in an effort lo p
iilo oi uic (jour n- n, xllIon fUi, tu u on TeXA U4 a conditiotl of ,
UWU Hut ll tadpoles tlon of hot IndenemUnco by Mexico, thnt she would
iust and settle, In nn omlcablo manner, tho pending differences
etween tho twocountrics. On the ninth of November, an offi
cial answer was received that the Mexican government consent
ed to renew the diplomatic relations which had been suspended
in .tinrcii last, nnu mr mat purpose, were wining to accredit a
minister from tho United States, With a sincere dcslro to pre
serve pence, and restore relations of good understanding between
tho two republics, I waived all ceremony as to the manner of re
newing diplomatic Intercourse between them j and, assuming tho
Initiative, on the tenth of Xovctnhcr, a distinguished citizen of
Louisiana was appointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Ple
nipotentiary to .Mexico, clothed with full powers to adlust. nnd
definitively settle, all pending differences between the twocoun
trics, including tuose oi oounuaiy otiwccn .Mexico ana tno atato
of Texas. The minister appointed has sot out on his mission,
and is probably by this time neir tho Mexican capital, lie has
been Instructed to bring the negociatlon, with which ho Is charg
ed, to a conclusion, at the earliest practicable period; which, it
is expected, w ill be In time to enablo me to communlcato tho re
sult to Congress during the pienent session. Until that result U
known, i lornoar to recommenu io ongrcnn nucn uiwriur meas
ures of redress for tho wrongs and injuries we have so long borne,
as it would have been proper to ma"Ve, had no such negotiation
been instituted.
Congress appropriated at tho last session, tho sum of two hun
dred nnd f Plenty tivo thousand dollars for tho payment of tho
ipril ami Jul v instalments oi tno .Mexican indemnities mr mo
jetirlBH: rrotiued it shall lie ascertained to the satisfaction
of tho American government that said Instalments have been piid
by the Mexican government to tho ngent appointed hy tho United
States to receive tho same, In such manner as to dischurg nil
claim on tlio Mexican government, nnu nam ngcni to oo ueimpj?ui
in remitting tho money to tho United tHatcs."
Tho unsettled state, of our relations with Mexico has iniohed
this subject In much mjstery- The first Information, In no au
thentic form, from tho agent of tho United States, appointed un
der tho administration of my predecessor, was received at tho
t?tate Departmenton tho ninth of November list. This is con
tained In a letter, dated the seventeenth of October, &d(resied
hy him lo oac of our citizens then in .Mexico, with tho view of
having it communicated to that department. Tiom this It ap
pears that tho agent, on tho twentieth of September, 1 341, gie
a receipt to the treasury of Mexico, for the amount of the April
and July instalments of the indemnity. In tho samo communi
cation, nowover, he asserts tint he had not received a single dol
lar, in cash but that he holds such securities as warranted him,
at tho time. In giving tho receipt, nnd entertains no doubt but
that ho wit! eventually obtain tho money. As. those instalments
appoar never to havo been actually paid hy the government of
Mexico to tho agent, and ns tint government has not therefore
been rcleised so us to discharge th claim, I do not fuel myself
warranted In directing payment to be made to the claimants out
of the treasury, without turther legislation. Their case Is, un
doubtedly, ono of much hardship j and it remains fui Congress to
decido whether any, and what, relief ought to Iw granted to them.
Our minister to Mexiro h'w been instructed lo ascertain tho facta
of tho caso from tho Mexican government, in an authentic and
ntlkiat form, and repoit tho result with as little delay nspo-islble.
My attention was early directed to the negotiation, which, on
tho fourth of March list, Ifoiyid pending m Washington between
Mia InttrJ States and Grent Uritain. on tho stlMoct of the Ore-
l li re ii several aiicmpn una ocen pruvtousiy iimuo
eon territory.
to Mil i bin nueiiious In tliitnuto between the two countries, by
I resret to inform vou thit our lehtions with Mexico, since I negotiation, upon the principloof compromise t but each hadpio-
I your 1 ft session, hive not been of tho amicably chuacter which ved unsuccessful.
' it is our desiie to cultivate with utl foreign nations. On the sixth j Three negotiations took place at Iondon, in tho years 1819,
diy of M irch I it, tho Mexican em oy extraordiu iry and minister ' 1824, and ltfJO tho two tint under the administration of Mi.
1 plfoipoteutiiry to tho United St ites, mado n forma) protest, In i Monroe, and the last under that of Mr. Adams. Tho tincotlation
tho uimo of his government, ugilmt Hm joint resolution passed of 1818 hating failed to accomplish Its object, resulted in tho con-
, by Congress, foi tho cnucx.itioii of Texts to the U, .-'tate,n i venllon of the 20th of Octobci of that year. Hy the third ortlclo
' which he cIkmo tu regir I as u violation of tho rights of Mexico, of that convention, it was "agreed, thnt any country that may ha
nnd. ia roiiseniMiice uf it. hu danundfd his nisso irts IIo wan claimed bv either nartv on the northwest coist of America, west-
informed th it iho government of tho United States did not con-i ward of tho Stony Mouuiuin, shall, together with its harbor,
sitler this joint tesotutiou as u violation of any of tho rights of i bii, and creeks, anil the navigation of II rivers within thn same,
Sho iltstinmiishnd tho roof nf thoir hmnn. tho rrrovG baffled the skill of several eminent nraetttionerh'. , Mexico r thotUatr 0,c? ?l0"1
f. : . . .o .... . . iiienti that 1 io Kenn'i 10 oi li
shady paths. He held a young girl by the hand. ! mingled with anger and hatred ; Florence appear
uoui app.uuruu io no anproacniiig tlio esplanade, but cu irigmcnco
they came slowly, and as if mucli occupied by some
eunous uiiiiir,
"Let us descend, Michel," sho said, layinsr her
hand on iier brother's arm.
Hut he did not hear her.
"What M. KoHman has just said of his adversa
ry is a calumny !" he exclaimed, looking at tho
stranger with sparkling eyes.
"And what M. Ritter lias said of his, is a lie!'
replied tho young man quickly.
"In tho name of heaven, let us descend!" con
tinued tho trembling girl.
" lio it sor exclaimed iMicnei, " explanations
of oiks, whero she was wont to sit und work, tho The lady resided iu a dark room (on which tho sun
little rivulel which wound around the rocks. Mi-1 never shone) iu one of the n.trrow streets of Puns,
chel himself wept. At that moment, tho balloon, , After n careful examination, Dupuyiren was led lo
which, till then, had continued to descend, slowly 1 refer her complaints to the absence of light, and
rose, borne up by the breeze. Tho young irirl and recommended her removal to a more exposed situ-
her brother uttered a cry of despair, bent over tbo i aiinn. This change was followed by the most ben
After a long silence, tho man snoke abrimtlv.
and said, with an energetic gesture:
"No, sister, so long as I live, I can never pirdon
Christian Lofttmn for contesting with ine my right
to the estate ot his cousin. For God knows that
this heritage is not a gift, but a lawful indemnifi
cation which was duo mo from tho deceased."
" His will ought so to have declared it, Michel,"
observed iho vounir crirl.
"Anil u.ecauso it has not, I shall be despoiled of "'i ue ensieron mo grounu.
what is duo me, Florence! Because a dying man1 " And I bono they will be decisive," added Loff
has neglected to tell all, Michel Hitter is to Tie ac j n)an 11 significant tone.
cuseu ol using unfair influence r lUi nau tirawn me uen rpe, nnti ino travellers'
"Alas! he does not know us, brother," said the waited a moment in silenco; but tho balloon ro-j
young girl, mildly: "some one has excited these ! niained immovable. The young man rang a sec-,
.suspicions, and ho has received thorn, because it ond tune, then o third, without being more success
was his interest" ful.
"So," replied Michel, bitterly, "the grounds 'The keeper ought to hear us," ho murmured,
which I have cultivated for twenty years, and to ngi" drawing the cord.
which I have acquired my title by bird labor, are ! "There is no keeper,"' cried Florence, who had
to be taken Irom mo by a stranger, who has nooth-1 inclined iier head over the car.
or claim than by tho accident of birth." i "That is 11113," said Michel,
sides of the car, and stretched out their arms as ifleftcial results; all her complaints vanished,
thev wished to spring towards their dwelling. more, therefore, that animals are exposed to tho in
.ri 1 .1 : .1 " 1 i! n r l:..i. t i .1 :..
"tjin is lucre men no mean's 01 uusuunuiuy
my God!" cried Florence, weeping. I
' There is one," replied LotVman, "but it is dan
gerous." " Whatever it may be, any thing is better than
this agonv!" replied Hitter, quickly. "Think of
imti ) I Ii il tlin IC-i'miMin uf 'lVx.ia w.is nn ltiilt-npnilettt niiu'pr. I slfftiiLtitrn (if tli nresint convcnttDii. to tho vessels, citirens. Anl
owltts no ntI-?idnco lo Mexleti, uit.1 con.tituti tg no part or Iter subjocts of iho two-Vowor; It lifln? well utuleislood tint tin.
1 territory or rightful sovereignty unci jnri'diction. lie was also - .grcetnent is not to lis construed to tho prejntliro of any claim
ii-surt' 1 lli.it ii wis tho sinrero tleiiro of thisgovornmenttnniiln- whicli cither of tho two high contracting imrtins may liuo to any
Uin it li th it of .Mexico rcl itlons of poaco ami good understand- part of Iho slid country, nor shall it 1m talien to a fleet tho claims
in Tlut function iry, howoler, notwithstanding these, repre- of any other Vower or Sttito to any pait of the said couutiy i tho
seiit.itions nnJ imui inccs, ahruplly tcimiiiated his mission, and , only oltjectof tho hlt'li contracting parlies in lliat lospecl Ulng,
shortly afterwards left tlio country. Oui Envoy Extraordinary , to prevent disputes and difference, among tUoroselves.11
and .Minister rienlpotentinrj to Mexico was retuicd all omclal l lio negotution ol ibjs was pronuciiro oi no result, unu im
lastniL'ht."
" Yes," said tha young man ; " besides, it is our
last resource. Cnnio . . ."
IIo rose with prccuution, raised the iron shod
nuiin.ils; else thu tirtilicinl tiiea am
apartinciits would have that ellcct; buttliey do not.
All imiitfieiimuia n'ent h iicIiiusiii.
iow. no not mo tiirogDiii tacts nrovo tho tin-
IM.n ' Int.Miuii.M uilli ilmt irnvurMiimiit. uml. .fl.r r.iiiflinliiff .iivnrii I e.tn venliott of ItllS was left unchanct'd.
months, by tin pernit.ion ot ins own government, no returned to i ino nogoitntion m io.-o, tinviiig iu-o laneu iu inm nu uujh
tho United Stites. Thus, hy the nets of .Mexico, all diplomatic i ment by compromise, resulted in tho Convention of Auju.t 6,
intercourse, hetween tho two countries was suspended. 1827, by which it was agreed to continue in I'oice, for an imlefi.
rrnc" that tluio, Mexico has, until recently, occupied an jtltl- i nite iril, tho provliuns of the thiid niticlo of the convention
tudo of hostility towarJs tho United States has been mannlN ot tho twentieth of October, 18 18 j nnd it was further provided,
Ing and orgunmng armies, issuing procLimations, and nvowrrig tliat ' il shall bi comftetent. however, lo either of the contract
tlio intention to in.iU war on tho United Slates, cither by utl ing parties, in caso either should think fit, at nny time after the
.r... .I...I .u.... v l.v 1... T..viia Itntl. thn r'.inirrna. nn.t Xlt Ii .if iVlnhnr. IA3iH. nn eivini due notiCO of twelve months lO
' tho Convention nl' tho people a? Texas Invited this Government Iho other contracting party, lo annul and abrogate Ibis 'on""-
ttuiitrn tit finr i agilnst the nicnicud attack, i he moinenl the terms oi onncxa and aDrogateo
fluonco of lijjlit, tlio more fr?o ure lliey, in ordina
ry circumstanced, from irregular action und deform
ity." In another part of tlio nrlicic, it is shoivn that
heat and li''ht alone, without thu solar radiation,
will not Hllflico for llio lie llth (if vegetables or Of I to send nn army into tint territory, to protect nnd defend them lion j and It shall, in such case, bo accordingly entirely nnnnlled
Mir I agiinst the nicnicud attack. 1 he moinenl the terms of onncxa- and abrogated, aller tlio expiration ot tno said term oi noiice.
bv thu accident uf birth." i "'I hat is tlilCJ, said .Michel, looltinjr in his turn:, i tr.rmeilin lmllilnn liml i.ist nnnrrht in the lower
"The judgment is not yet pronounced," intor- "tho riot continues, and may havo frightened him. J branches of a fir tree, and tho car was suspended
staff, which hi had till then liept near him, and i lie.illliinc.-H nf changing night into day, a umiy of
pierced through tho covering of tho balloon. lour t'tslnonablo, and suini-tasliiontble, studious und
It appeared tn utter a sigh. and was convulsively ! pjeudo studious people do? '1'ho unlioaltlniiusi of
agitated, like a human being who receives a wound., wasting in bed tho bright und bracing hours of ihu
For a moment tho uncertainty was terrible. The early morning, when Nature bids iu bo out of doors
gas escaped impetuously from the opening which digging, or walking, or riding? Is not tho baleful
had just beon inido; tho balloon descended with a I ness ot dark rooini uiado palpable? Draw asitlo
frigliiful rapidity, as if it would bo buried in space tlioso curtaim open thoso wiudow-Mind-i thou
The tlireo travellers, frightened and benumbed with j sluggard, and let Aurora and tho buii, looking full
terror, shut their,eyes. into' ihy chamber, shame thee forth, if they cannot
All at once atlong, rending sound was hoard, fol-. charm thee forth, to inhile etrpugili and health in
lowed by a violcnt'Bhock ; they raised their heads thusa best and most beauteous hours ot tho d.iy,
I.. . .1, l.SlllS.., inJ n..l,t (.. llm tn,v .. It!. l....n.. uv,.-,.
I ,(i.f Iff to 111. ri fllll.
; tion, oIlLted hy tlie United Stales, wero accepted hy Texas, tlio In these attempts to adjust tho controversy, tho parallel of the
.... ' . . . .... . ' .1.- ll f !.l. J . ..! . ".I. i.tt.... U-.l I ..O..-. I.w ll.n ITnl.
IJHUr (ICC imO SO liru pari Ol OUrUl.ll COUnilV, n. Ill llta.O ll IIUI lUliynilllll Ul-Kiru iu uutiu lailiuuu nan urcu vusivu ui "v
duty to alTord such irntection nud defence. 1 therefore deemed ted States lo Great Htitain.nnil in those of lelft and 1820, with a
it proper, as a precautionary ineasuro, to order a strung squadron further concession of tho freo navigation of tho Columbia ltiver
to tho coasts of Mexico, and to concentrate an elHcient military t south of that litilude. The parallel of tho forty-ninth degree,
force on Iho western frontier of Texas. Our ormy was orderod from Iho Ilocky mountains to tho intersection with Iho northeast,
to tike position in tho country between tho Nueces and the Del ermost blanch of the Columbia, and thence down tho channel of
Norte, and to repj any inva.ion of the Texan territory which thai river to the sea, had been offered by Great llritain, with an
itiilit bo attempted hy tho Mexican I'nrcos. Our squidrnn in the addition of a small detached territory north of the Columbia.
gult was ordered tu co-operate with the army, tlul though our Ua(li of tbeso propositions had been rejected by the partita res
urmy nnd n tvv were pi iced in u position to defend our uwn, and pectivcly,
the rights of Tex is, they were ordered to commit no act of hos. In October, 1843, the Envoy Extraordinary ond Minister Plenl
liiity ugiinst .Mexico, unless she declared war, or was herself potentiary of the United Stales, in lnndon, was authorized to
tlie aggressor, by stiiking the first blow. The result has been 1 inako n similar offer to those made in 1818 and 1626. Thus stood
tint .Mexico has made no aggressive moiement, and uur military tho question, when the negotiation was transferred to Wushing
and nival commanders havo uxecuted their otders with such dis- ton; and, on tho twenty-third of August, 1S41. was formally
crction, that tho peace of tbo two republics has not been disturb- opened, under tho dircct'on of my immediate predecessor. Like
ed 1 oil the previous negotiations, it was bused upon principles of
Texas h id declared her independence, and maintained it by ' compromlso " and tlio avowed purpose of the parties was, la
her nr n" for mora th tn uino years Kite lias had an organcd . treat of Iho respective claims of tbo two countries to tho Oregon
government in successiui operation tiuring mat iieiioj. iier sop-' territory, wun tlio view to cstannsn a permanent nouttoary ue.
rupted Florence,
Her brother shook his head.
"Ah! I havo but slight hopes," said ho; "that
LofTman is young, active ho has, without doubt,
friends, ho will solicit fur him. Perhaps tho de
cree, which is to despoil me, is already pronounced."
Florenco sighed; Hitter perceived it.
"Come," said he, with an ellbrt, "after having
brought you hero to amuse you, and forgot it, I am
ogam talking of this affair. I want some exciting
spectacle, some now sensation, which can draw ino
from dwelling on this subject."
As he spoke, thoy hid arrived at a turn in the
path, und found theinsolves at thn entrance of a
verdant arbor, which they had not before porcoived ;
it was the pluce used for the ascensions. A cap
tive balloon, movinnr gracefully some feet above
their heads, sustained an elegant car, which follow
ing its oscillations, appeared to float softly over tho
turf.
Floronco could not restrain a crv of surmise and
admiration. Drought up at n distance from tho
city, it waa tho first timo bIio had seen a balloon iu
"ii i parts. She approached with hor brother
" 1 here are yet two places remaining," exclaim
ed the attendant. 1
Michel looked at th
a travelling eostumo had just seated hiuisolf. Ho
was ho ding m his hand ono of thoso iron shod
Btaild which aro used in mountainous countries.
lwo p aces!" ho repeated withu smile, turning
toward. Horenco, "would you lu!0 to taku a sail
above tho trees? '
" Is thoro no danger?" asked tho hositutintr maid
en. "None, my pretty miis," said tho attendant, "moro
than ten thousand Christians havo ulready pcrroim.
ed tho journey under my care."
"And can wo descend at jiloasuro?"
"It is only necessary to pull tho bell rope in tho
car."
Florenco appeared to hesitate. Although natu
rally somewhat timid, yet tho novelty of such a sail
See that bonfire, into which tho ciowd is throwing
the seats."
"And that troop of young men, who run about
tho alleys, breaking tho lamps."
"They are under the balloon. Oh God !"
" What ifto they doing?"
"They aro unfastening tho cords!''
" What do you say t"
"Sco!"
The three travellers bent over at the samo time,
uttering a cry and waving thoir hands; but it was
too lato. Iielieving tho car empty, the students
had cut tho cords which restrained tho balloon cap
tive; and rising with prodigious rapidity, it soon
disappeared in tho evening mists.
II.
Our thrco travellers soon exhausted themselves
in useless cries und marks of constcrnatiuii ; but
when they lost sight of tho Jardln de la Cahane,
und men ot tno earth, a sort ot calm, prouueeu ny
depression, much mora than by resignation, suc
ceeded to thoir despair.
All three remained immovable, silent, and with
out thinking. Their situation could not, indeed, bo
compared to any other. In molt cases, jhe dangers
to which a man is exposed may have beon foreseen
by him; ho has, ul least, prepared himself fur them
by suppositious, recitals or reading; but hore all
wns tiulorcficcn; hero ho could anticipate nothing,
cither from his own will or tho aid of others. Our
three travellers were, to ino tho expression, out of
tho human sphere, beyond ull possible foresight,
und condemned to that passive courage, which
awaits death without uvon being ablo to unlicijuto
the moment of its coming.
Florence, h tlf fainting with foar, had hidden her
faco against her brothers breast, who, himself ug
itated with mingled fear, ustouishuiont and grief,
could find no encouragement to give hor.
Christian Iiofl'man, seated at tho other end of the
car, appeared less tioublcd, and from timo to tiinu
throw a glance of coinmisssration on Michel Hit-
only a fow feet from tho ground.
III.
Towards the closo of the samo day, LofTman and
Hitter wero leaning against the window of n house,
built on tho slono of a hill. It was Michel's, who
had conducted his travelling companion there, im
mediately after their common deliverance.
Tho brother and sister had, at first, only thought
of rejoicing with him at their happiness: uut.ino
MAitnuoc and Lo.no Like. Tlio influence of
marriage on health and human happiness, is an in
teresting and important inquiry. As the institution
is based on the natural laws of the human consti
tution, there can be no doubt but thai its relations,
when propuily entered into, aro productive not on
ly of happiness, but of a greater increase of health,
as well as longevity of life. A European philoio
phor has recently made very extensive observation
on this subject, uml collected a great initx of facts
tween them IVcstuaid of the Itocky -Mountains to the Pacific
Ocean." Accordingly, on tho 20th of August, 1844, tho Driliih
Plenipotentiary offered to diside the Oregon territory by the forty-ninth
parallel of north latitudo, from th. Itbcky Mountains to
the point of its intersection with the norfheastornmost branch of
the Columbia ltiver, and thenco down that river to the sea leav
ing the fiee navigation of the river to bo enjoyed In common bjr
both pirties the country south of this line lo belong to Iho Uni
ted Statos, and that north of it to Great Ilritaiu. At tho same
time, he proposed, in addition, toiicl l to the United States k de
tached territory, north of tho Columbia, extending along the Pa
cific ami tbo rdraiti of I-'uca, from Ilultiucli's harbor, inclusive,
first iov once nassed. Kilter fult tho rcmembranctfl which conclusively settle iheso points. His re
-P l.f. l.in.n.in i.n .nunH.lii ili.nnlnnml .ion in lit in lonnriliaj tmrllifi-iiitliii;liitii'niitirni.tfiitjli.btimoii
UI 1119 unci cau, au duiuiii nil umbiiuu, low i.a t.ii...
Supported on tho wooden balustrade, which serv
ed as a balcony, ho had remained silent for some
time, when Christian, whoso eyes wandered over
fields, turned and said
" How fur docs yo ir domain extend, Mr. Hitter?"
Ho started up, as if this question had revealed
tho secret thought of Ins guest.
"Ah! you wish to know how much land the gain
of your law-suit will bring you !" ho replied, with
boiiio bitterness,
"Upon my soul, I had no such thought," replied
LofTiuiin, disconcerted.
"You need not blush for that," continued Hitter;
"every body feols coulidonco iu his right. I will
show you tho hounds ot thu estate."
And ho pointed out to him, ono after another,
tho woods, tho fluids, tho meadows, which woie
part of it.
"The estate 1ms been wonderfully managed,"
observed Christian.
" I havo devoted all my timo mid intelligence to
it," replied tho farmer, "I hoped to inuko many
improvements yet, but who knows how many days
1 nhall remain hero ? This estate has, perhaps, ul
ready ceased to belong to ino."
As ho finished those words, Florenco entered.
Sho wan troubled, und hold in hor hand a loiter,
bearing tho po3t-mark of Mannheim.
"Is that, from Mr. Llttotl'?' excluimed Michel,
turning pilo,
" It is," ropliod tho girl.
searches, together with what was previously known,
gtvo thu following remarkable results. Among un
married men, at the uges nf from thirty to forty
five, tho nvcr.igo number of deaths only aro eigh
teen. For f'orty-ono bachelors who attain tho ago
of forty, thero are seventy-eight married men who
do tho same. As ago advances iho dilTeronco be
comes more striking. At sixty there arc only twenty-two
unmarried men alive, for ninety eight who
havo noun married. At seventy, there are eleven
bachelors to twenty-seven married men, and ut
ciL'lity, there are mno married men tor three sin
gle onus. Nearly thu samo rule holds good in re
lation to thu female sex. Married women at the
agn of thirty, taking ono with aaothur, may expect
o live thirty-six lears longer; while tor tho un-
nnrried, the rxpeclatioii of life is only about thirty
years. Ol those who nitnin tlio ago ol lorly-tive,
there aro seventy-two married womoii tor llliy-two
singlo ladies. Thoso data aru thu ruiult of actual
facts, by observing tho difference of lunguvily be
tween the married und the Hummed.
MA.Mjr.K. Thero U no season of iho year when
tho business of collecting matorials for manure can
possibly bo utlonde l to, Out it should receive neg
lect. Never sudor tho snaw to fall on the bare
bottom of your cow, sheep, or hog-yard ; but on tho
contrary, let tho surfaco of each be covered with
home material, tlu adsorbent properties of which
will preserve tho urine from waste, dy taking it up,
and thus becoming-luclf u valuable manure.
ir l - existenco as uu independent rilnte, had buen recognized by
tho United mate and tno principal l owers or x.uropn. irea
ties of coinmerco and iiavigitioii bad lioen concluded Willi Iter by
dlllerent nations, and it had hecumo manifest to tho wholo world
that tiny further nltcmpt on the part of .Mexico to conquer het, or
overthrow her government, would bo vain. Even Slexico herself
had become satisfied of litis fact j and whilst thn question of an
nexation was pending before tho people of Texas, during the
past summer, tlio Govcritniont of Mexico by a formal act, agreed
to recognise tho independence of Texas, on condition that sho
would not annex herself tunny other Power. Tho agreement to
ncknowledzo tlio independence of Texts, whether with or with
out this condition, is ronctusivo ariin.t .Mexico. Tho ludepeiid- to Hood's canal, and to mako free to the United States any port
ence of Texas is in f ict conceded by Mexico herself, und sho has 1 or ports south of latitude foity-nino degrees, which they might
no light or uutliority to prescrrto reniictions us to tno lonn ui i desire, cither on llio main lanu or on ituiura ami vancuuirr-s
government, which Texas might afterwards choose to nssume. ! Island. With the exception of the free ports, this was the samo
nut tliougli .Mexico cannot cninpi un 01 ino I'niien piaies on t oner which iihu neeiinianooyinauriii.il, mw i.j-citu ujr um
:cou:it of the annexation of Tt-x-is. it is to bo regretted that se- I American Government, In the negotiation of lts-20. This propo-
rloui e.iit..s of itil.iinder.tanJin? helwoen tho two countrios con- sitlon was nroiierlv ret"cted by tbo American I lenipotentiary, on
tinue to exist, growing oul of the unredressed injuries indicted by 1 the diy it was submitted. This was tho only proposition of com-
tha Mexican authorities and peopl,on Ihe persons and property of ' pronuso ntrerod by the Llrltlsh rlenlpuieouary, 1 he proposition
citizens or the united mates, lltrou -n a long series oi years
Mexico has admitted Iheso injuries, hut has ne.lectoil and reluscd I
to if p lir them, huch was tho character of thu wrongs, and such (
llio insults, repeatedly ottered to Amersean cltixens ana in. -A-incricau
tl ig by Mexico, in palp ible violation uf tho laws of na
tions and the lreutv betweon tno two countries, of tho ath uf A-
liril, 18.11, that thoy have been rpoatcd!y brought to tho notice of
I. ... ...;.,!..........,.- A. irlif ... tl.M MUl.th .if liYtiriij. I
ry, 18.17, tho I'rosiJcul of the United Mates declared. In a lues pr.deces.ors, and especially ill consideration that propositions of
'... .1. ..i.i-i .i. . .1 .1 e .1... I. 1! 1.. ll.rli.n irnrf. hir tun r.i.i..lln. A .1 nil mat ...
on the part of Ureal llritain having been rejected, the tlritlsli
t lenipotentiary requested mm i'iMi-..a .uuum u iwu, vj iu.
United Slates ' for an equitable adjustment of the question."
When I cam. into office, I found this to be the stsle of the n-
Ktlation. Though enteitainiiig the settled conviction, that tho
tlishjirf tensions of title could not bo maintained to any portion
ol tlie urogon territory, uihih -."j iiui.iMau, iiuuiiv in ii-vt-gii,-xed
by nations, yet, in (le teience to what hail been done by my
... .'..- I.., ,.!.. !...., I. ..I' ,1..,.. .1... nt II... In
juries havo Coon cuniinitl.il, thy repoated aild unavailing appli-
o uio.is tor reuress, tite wanton cnaracter ui some tu mo vunn
gus upon the persons and propeily of our citlstns, upon the olH-
cers uml Itag ut tlie united Mates, inuetonueni oi rvvetii tii.uu
to this government and people by Ihe lato Extraordinary -Mexican
mini'ter, would ju.iil'y in tho oice of all nation,, Immediate
war." lie did nut, bowettr, revuaiinaiid au Immediate resort to
tills extreme ma.suie, which he declared, " .hould not b. used
hy just unit xeneious iiutious, eonSdi ig Iu their strenjth, for In
luiies CO uiulttej, if it can Iio honorably .voided j" but In . spirit
- .. . . . ..... i .1. .- .1. t lu. m.iA .in Maw 1.
Ol tortto.irance, piopusiin in 11 unuinnr i.i.....i u - .
co for that redress which h id been su long and unjustly withheld.
In these views, committees or trie two iiou.es oi ..unite.., in
reports made to their respoclivo bodies, concurred. Blnco Iheso
proceedings, moro III in eight years hive elapsed, duilnj which,
IU adaulo l to Ihe wrongs thou co nplained of, others of an og.ia
valed character have been coinmilleil.cn Iho persons and proper
ty of our citlsans. A special agent was soul to Mexico in Ih.
sumiuor of 18J8, with full authority to make another and rinal
dam ind for redress. The demand was nude) the Mexican gov
orniiiont promised lo repair the wrongs of which we complained,
und after much delay a treaty or indemnity with that view was
concluJod betwecu the two Powers uu the eleventh of April,
IS.f.1, and was duly ratified by both governments, lly this treaty
u joint co.iimissloti was created to udjudicate and decide on the
claims of Amencjn citizens un Ihe g fvertioiotit of Mexjeo. Tho
c ommiisloii was organized! at Washington, un tbo UMh day of
August, 1811. Their tiuui was limited lo eighteen mouths at
Ihe expiration of which, tjiey had adjudicated and decided claims
amounting lo two millions twenty-all thousand one hundred und
thlrtv-uluodollirs and slity-olghl cent iu favtirol'tlio citizen ol
Urn tluitcdHtatei against tbo McxiesJi (prcnuuent, leaving .
tions. to adjust the nuestiou on the parallel of forty-nine degrees,
and in two of them yielding to Great Ilfitaln the free nn-iguliun
of the Columbia, and that th. ponding negotiation had bceucom
tneneed on the basis of compiomise, Ideeined ll to bo my duty
nut abruptly to break It off. In consideration, too, that under the
conventions of 1818 and 1817, the citizens and subjects of Iho
two poweia held n joint occupancy ot th. country, I was indu
ced to make another effort to .litis this Iwg IKruling eontOtlsy
in the spirit of moderation which had given blnli lo the- renewed
discussion. A proposition was accordingly mad.,whieh waa re
jected by the llntl.lt plenipotentiary, who, without submitting a
ny other proponltioii, suffered tl.o negotiation on his part to drop,
expressing his trust that Ihe United States would offer what ho
saw ht to call " some luitnei projtosal lur the settlement or the
Orcon ouestlon, moro consistent with fairness and equity, nnd
with the reasonable exteclatlons of the Uritish Government."
The proposition thus offered and rejected- repealed the offer of
the parallel of forty-nine degieos of noiifi latitude, which had
been made hy two preceding Administrations, but without propos-
ing to surrender to Gieat Uutain, as they had do'ne, the freo nav
igation of the Columbia river. '1 he right of any foreign power to
the free navigation, of any of uur rivers, through the heart of our
country, was one wltcli 1 was unwilling to concede. It also em
braced . provision, ttl. male freo to Ureal llritain .ny port or port
on the cape of Uuuilra and Yuncouver'a Island, south of this par
allel, Had this been, ii new question, coming under discussion
for tlie first time, litis ptoposition woull nut have been made
The extraordinary and wholly inadmissible demands of the Brit
ish government, and the rejection of the proposition made In def
erence alono lo whet bad hoen doue by .my predecessor's, and the
implied obligation which theil acts seciued to impose, afford sat
lifactwjr evldcuco that no comproraiae Yiliich Uig UuilcJ KUtCI
