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GREEN MOUNTAIN FREEMAN, MONTPCUEB, VT. alee lo the Drlck Block. Head of We Street. tebmb: U Id Advance; othenrlw, $3.00. Paymeut may t iu(e by mall or otherwise to H R. WHEELOCK, EJitor aod Proprietor. The Fkekmax, under the recent law of Oonfrreia nn ulates irfp in Waabiiiirton County. On all paira cut uti-ide WiuliiUKtuDCoanty.tbe pottage it paid hy the pnhltBbcr at t be office Id Mont pel ter. MONTPEUEK.VT. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1879. LETTERS OS .NATURAL HISTORY. No. 10. llT Ph. HlH.lM A.Cl'TTINO. Fungi and Animalcules. THE CMOS SMUT. This fungus, called by Prof. C. C. Frost of Brat'.lcboro, Urocy4ia Ccpu'ce, since its lirst appearance in New England in 1S70. has caused mucli damage to that crop. It is thought to bo allied to tho rust on Indian cum, but not exactly the same. Tho damage, canned to single towns In Massachusetts from this smut alono is estimated at thousands of dollars. There is as yet very little known about the devel opment of this fungus. It has never been known in Europe, and is supposed to originate from some of our wild species ol onions, and of course is as yet but imper fect'y Known here. It changes tho onion to tlie peculiar dark sooty powder so well known as smut, and the infested onions al mice cease to grow, and though the black may oficn be peeled off apparently with one or two layers of the onion, they are not considered heallhy, mid great loss is entailed to those taising them. As the spores doubtless remain in tho ground, and nothing put on tho ground would b -likely to eradicate them, the only known help is lo change the locality, giving the onions ground on which they have not been previously raised, and using tin onion bed foro'ln r purposes, or for site! crops as the spores would not injnro. Af e a lino, p rliaps four or five years, tli ! old I eds might probably be again planted, as doubtless tho spores would have los' their v.tality. As this smut at iho present time is priii cip illy conlino.l to Masi achusetts and Con necticut, with a little care on our part, li wili be a long time before Vermont will materially sulibr from this fungi. Should i. appear among us it should be at once stamped out by burning over the land, and not trying to raiso onions on it for at least four years, as a trial would not only be usolo-s, but would endanger whole townbips by the increaso of the spores. It should as much bo tho law to stamp out by legal procee lings such posts, as to keep small pox out of our towns, as the diseases resulting to the human family are none thi less to b ) drealed because slo.v and inidious in fioir workings. Tho-e who desire to know more of this disc-ISO wo will refer to the Massachusetts agricultural report for l-Srij-7, where it is fully ileseril.ed. WIII'lE KL'ST. The idea wo have thus far of rust and smut is that it is dark colored, or like the rust of iron, but as I speak of white rust that opinion must bo overthrown, as the white rust of tho cabbage, turnip, and all similar plants is one that the gr.idener litis often to conten 1 with. I bring it in to show that fungi must be looked for in every place and under all colors. This white rust is called Cyslnpm Candidas. It is represented in Figure 0 as it occurs on shepherd's purse, a, showing the fruit with the rust upon it; b, portions of the cabbage leaf with the same species upon it : nnil c, conidia of the same. (See Cook's treatise on fungi.) Flu. . L. fit- ' R-r i s f ' i - i 4 Upon tho 1 af of tho c ibbago it appears as engraved, in white patches; tho loaves become deformed an i swollen or blistered. e?cn before wo can make out fully the cause of the mischief outside. These blistered pustules havo a minute system of branching threads, which traverse the pulpy parts of the leaves, and which threads, insinuating themselvos between tho culls that constitute tho pulp, takt) their nutriment at tho expono of the growing foliage. It is after tho pustules assume tho white color and are visible oa the skin or cutielo thai tho reproductive pans termed conidia can bo dete it&l.. Sec Figure 6. From tho multitudes of theso beads or spores form ing tho whito powdery dust, the lerni i-.oiivliii is applied, which moans dustliko. Oilier plants, besiduj, are often ufloeted as the watercress, peppergrnss, mustard, radish and even tho weed purslane does not esc ipo its ravages. Its mode of vege tation is one of p .cnliar intorest, in line, one of the m.ist curious phenomena of plant life, and indicates in this low order of vegetation a rehtion to higher struct ural forms, not only in plants but even in .animals. Thus, if a few particles of the white dust be immersed in a drop of water, and examined under the microscope they will bo soon to rapidly absorb water, and swelling, a large and obtuso papilla re sembling tho nock of a bottlo is produced, antl a seeming empty space is formed in tho contents of each spore. As these dis appear the whole granular substance be comes sep ir.iled by line lines into five to eight portions each, with a small, faintly colored, empty space in tho center. Theso portions are so many zoospores. These are so in expelled ono by one, nnd soon afterwards b-igin to move, boing provided with seeming lins or fringes by which thoy are enalflcl to s -vim about like an animalcule ;hut they are only buds endow ed with motion, same as many other plants have. Those of coiirso are capable of in fecting plan s, as wo have seen. Tbe prodigil provisions of naturo is here, as ovrjwliero, especially in its low er orders signally manifested, when we VOL. XXXVI. are told that the immense numbers of zoospores capable of being produced from a singlo infested, plant is nlmost beyond calculation. It is easy for a million of conidia to be developed from one such plant, each producing five to eight zoo spores. It can scarcely be considered marvelous that tho white rust should bo so common on plants favorable to its de velopment, the marvel boing rather that any escape. To PuniFr the Blood. Strictly diet on oat meal porridge, lean beef, plain vegei.tiiie8. It nit anil Graham bread. Eat no wheat bread or pastry or puddings; no butter or crease whatever. liutter anil cheeso secretly poison many systems. Drink weak lemonade. Ett reirularlv. and the dryer the food the better. Food floating in grease refuses to digest. Sub stitute clear water, not ice water, for tea or cofiVe. On retiring apply cold cream or beef fat to the complexion take tho oils externally instead of internally. Bad Habits. Understand clearly the reasons why the habit is injurious: stndv the sutlject. Avoitl the places, the persons anil the thoughts that lead to the temnta v,n...it.. j... -.i-'ii. j. i .-vj.tt -lit mo iiuutT, ii.iucintt witn persons, indulge tho thoughts leading away from temptation. Keep busy; bile ne.-s is tho strength of bad habits. Do not jive up the struggle whin you have broken your resolution once, twice, Un times. That only shows how much need there is for you to sirivo. Do not suppose! it is a little or easy thing you have under-' taken. But p rsevere until you have overcome them all. This is tho only sure way. Physicians and dentists who nso small mirrors to explore the throat nnd teeth, astronomers employing largo mirrors out of doors, all who have occasion to use siijrglasses in fogL'V weather, antl espe cially those near signted persons who can not shave themselves without bringing iheir noses almost in contact with the 'nuking glass, are doubtless aware that tho lustre ol mirrors becomes soon dim med by the breath, by dew, antl generally by water in a vaporous stale. The way to prevent this troublesome fo2 is shindy to wipe the surface of the mirror before using with a rag moistened with glycerine. ISy this Bubstttncc watery vapor is com pletely taken up. A man eannct afford to bo unfaithful under any circumstances, cannot afford to Ire mean at any time; cannot afford to do le-s than his best at all times and under til circumstances. No matter bow wrong f.iUy you arc placed, nnd no nottter how unjustly you are treated, you cannot, for your own sake, all'ord to use anything but your betl'-r self, nor to render anything but your better service; you cannot afford o lie ton liar; yon cannot afford to do odier Than ileal uprightly with any ninn, no matter what exigencies may exist be tweeu him ami you. No man can afford to be anything but a true man, living in his higher nature, and acting from tho highest consideration. A singular remedy for indigestion, recommended by an English magazine, is chewing different kinds of green leaves, w hen out of doors, and swallowing the juico. Any leaves, not nauseous or pois- inous, are recommended. Ihe benefit is lerivcd lrirtly from the increased flow of salivary fluid, and partly from tho tonic anil stimulating action of the leaf chewed. Iiefore meals is a belter timo to try the remedy than after. Tho writer gave a list if the leaves most likely to bo beneficial, imong them being those of pine, spruce or blackthorn trees, currant nnd rose bushes, mint, the petals of flowers, the stalks of mountain daisies and the tender pur. ions of the stalks of grain or grasses. If this rcni' tly isn't very powerful it is ceitainly cheap. More than eight years ago the city au- ihorities of London offered a prizo for any invention which would enable them to get ritl of snow in the streets. Seventcon schemes were submitted. Tho successful ippara'us was at once erected ami has In en in operation every year since. It consists ?imply of an inclined pinto of iron, fixed below a main hole leatling to the main sewer. Under this plate are ranged gas burners. The snow carted Irom the adjoining thoroughfares is shov eled down the manhole grating, fills on the heated plate, is reduced to water and I asses away down the sewer. The con sumption of gas is ve ry moderate, antl the cost is said to be much less than that in curred by carting away tho snow on the old system. The apparatus says the Enfinccr, has proved extremely successful antl the invent ion deserves to" be widely adopted. Fnt'ir Saves Doctous' Bills. An experienced doctor in the west says his bills are cut down in families in propor tion as they eat fresh fruit. Strawberries, currants and tomatoes aro belter medi cine than calomel itr jalap, and rather better to take. Apples freely eaten do the work of vermifuge or lozenges. Every fruit or lurry has its mii-sion to man hiililcn-away within it. 'therefore, sot out a strawberry bed, if you haven't one. If there is no other place, border your garden walks, ami with a sharp hoe and straight line keep the edges cut clearly, leaving a rich mat of vines two feet wide. I'lant currants A fresh ciilttng will grow if you but siiek it in tint ground, lit rder the fence with raspberries Walk around your place during the early spring days and mako a mental inventory of every spot where you can slick in a fruit tree or a berry bush. Plant something. Eat Onions. Few people dream of the many virtues of onions, and those few are enthusiastic for the beneficent bulb, and hclit ve it a panacea for every ill. Lung nnd liver complaints are certainly benefit ed, often cured, by a free consumption of onions cither cooked or raw. Colds vield to them like jmagie. Don't be afraid of them especially if you are married. Taken at night all effenco will ho wanting by morning, anil tho good effects will amply compensate for the trifling annoy ance. Taken regularly they greatly pro mote tho health of the lungs nnd the digestive organs. An extract niado by boiling down tho juico ot ouions to a syrup, and taken as a medicine, answers lint purpose very well, but fried, roasted or boiled onions are belter. Onions are a very cheap mediclno within everybody's reach, and they are not by any means as "bad to tako" as the costly nostrums a neglect of their uso will necessitate. Keeitno Meat Fkf.sh. Tho system of protecting iintmal substances hy securing the coagulation of their albumen and ex elusion of air, is attracting in England just now, uooordingto tho London Couwry Gentleman, a good ileal of attention. The process known as the Japanese method, consists in placing raw flesh in porcelain vessels anil pouring on it boiling water, whirehy the albumen on the surface is quickly coagulated and forms a protection against tho further action of the water. Oil is then poured on the surface of the water, so as to prevent tho access of air antl consequent putrefaction of the moat. The journal alluded to, in commentinrr on tills method, says it is undoubtedly prof - crahle to that practiced in tho process of preserving tinned meats, which appears to consist in honing llinm lor such a length of timo that almost all their flavor is destroyed, and Hie ultimate result is a mnss of tasteless shreds of muscular fibre. THE TREE GOD PLANT. The wind that blowa can never kill The tree O-xl planta; It bloweth salt, it bloweth weet. The tender learea hare little reat. But any wind that blowa ia beat; The tree Olid planta Strikea deeper root.trrJwa hurher attll, Spreude wider bouif ha, for Ood'a good will MeeU all iU wanta. There la no frost hith power to blixht Tue tree Uod shields; The roots are warm b.iniutu soft snowa, And when Bprinir cornea it surely knows, And every bud to blossom irrows. The tree Ond shields Grows on apace by day and nhrht. Till, sweet to taste aud fair to eiKht, Its fruit it yields. There is no storm hath power to blast The treeOod knows; No thunderbolt, nor beitiuir rain. Nor linhtniuir flisli, nor burricane When they are speut tt d ah remain. The tree G id knows Through evory tempest staudetb fast, Aud from its nrst day to it last Still fairer k rows. If in the soul's still Karden.ptace A seed God sows A little sned-lt soon will irrow. Anil far aud near all men will know, For heavenly lauds He bids it blow; A seed Und sows, An! up it spriuis by day aud ulKht; Through life, thrauirh death it Krowetb rlifbt. forever Krows. A True Oil Story. Unromantio as is the name of the oil regions unpleasant as they must be lo thoso not interested in boring, yet some of the most romantic events on record have been enacted at tho wells, and true stories aro told of them which put imagination to shame. One which 1 heanl the other day haunts me so that I must wrilo it tlown. A certain man, who had been moderate ly comfortable tim ing his life, having been inoculated ' wiih tho oil fevor, examined1 his farm nnd fancied that ho discovered tokens of "oil." He at once engaged the proper men, wilh their machinery, ami set to work al great expense to bore, lie spent all his ready money first. Win n it was gone, oil had nut been found. How ever, this was only because he hail not yet touched the right spot. More boring must be done. The oil, he felt sure, was there. Scarcely less hopeful than before, the oil seeker led from his stiblo his lino horses, took his caitle from tjieir sheds and sold them, and the work went on still fruitlessly, but he could not slop now. Men were making fortunes about him every day; be felt sure of ultimate suc cess. The few fields ho possessed went next. Then his house-his old homestead. His wifo not one whit behind him in enthusiasm, was the first to propose selling the furniture, and with her own hinds took from their case her ear-rings the only valuable jewels she possessed. The great machine prodding away amongst tlie rocks swallowed all Iho family who onco lived comfortably and even elegantly, now lodged and fetl us day laborers might; tho wife earned bread for them by washing or sowing for her neighbors;: but sbo took a long journey on loot, sought out her father, a very old man.and begged him on her knees to give her, then and there, tho portion which she knew ho hail left her in bis will. The father yielded. Tho money it was not much was brought back to her husband by the faithful wife, ami went as tho rest hail gone. Ono afternoon, the once com fortable farmer slo id penniless. Ho had neither house nor lands, nor cattle; no other clothes than tho shabby trousers and hickory shirt upon his back lie was almost barefoot, and had not credit for a loaf of bread. lie looked at Ills wife, courageous and uncomplaining, but with starvation in her eyes, and felt a remorse too bitter to endure. H would be better he felt that ho should die; then indeed, peoplo would pity her. Her family would take her homo. Shu would suffer privation no longer. Walking about tho place in a listless manner he picked up a long strong cord, anil his eye fell upon a strong hook in the empty barn, from whenco bo saw in imagination, his own form swinging cold and stiff ami horrible to look upon. " I hope some of tho uen will find mo anil keep tho sight from her," ho said. "Poor wife! poor wife! she did not de servo this, if I did." Then he went slowly down towards tho spot where the man ho had hired to Dore for oil was hard at work amongst his men. "Stop them," he said, in a despairing, voice. "Stop them. I owe vou money now that I shall never pay you. I've been a fool, but I don't want to be more of a rascal than I can help. Slop your men!" For a moment tho throbbing and clink ing ceased. All was silent. Then looking al his broken tlown employer the heart of the ereat, rough fello mulled. "Go to work sgain. (Jivo him the rest of tho day," ho cried to his men. " It's only an ii-nir. There may be luck for him yet. "Luck for mo!" sighed the ruined man. lie thing himself tlown upon a rock hard by antl buried bis face ill bis hands. The word of sympathy, the act of kind ness, had (plite unmanned him. Ho had gro vn so used to sneers. For len minutes he lay there weeping.lhough no one knew it. Tln n what was it? Had he gone mad? A sudden shrew a yell a shout. In that brief space of time the hard hearted rock that had stood between him and fortune had been drilled through, oil had been reached. Tho well had spurlcd. That little act of kindness had saved bim. In an hour's time tho farm was packed with people. Tlie well w;is pronounced the finest yet discovered in that region, and the man who at siinriso had been a beggar was offered a million for his pos session. It is s aid he sold it for more, after hav ing made six hundred thousand dollars by the well itlself, Rnd is now one of the most solidly wealthy men in his locality. Tho man of business foils early and late, ami tries tn vain lo figure out a profit from a profitless account. He is discour aged; want stares him in the face; he turns from the unwelcome scene and looks up, in hopes to see a ray of light; bnt no, tbe clouds have gathered, the sky is dark, and the storm which is injurious to his business, his prospects nnd hopes, is surely coming. It comes, and with il he is, as far as business hi concerned, loft a ruined man. Such a man in such a condition throws up his hands nnd exclaims, what am I to do? There is but one course left. You must buckle on the armor and go into the battle again and deposit for yonr capi tal, Instead of dollars and cents, a large stock of pluck and persovernnce. Sun shine is sure to come after a severe storm, and Iho longer the storm lasts.the brighter the sun when it shines. So it will be in your case. The longer your trouble lasts, the more prosperous yon will be when prosperity comes, for your trouble has taught you a good lesson, and you will be more careful in the future. Business 1 is such at the present time, that men are i reduced to their own valuo.oredit is beine done away with, and in such a state of tilings tlie ouuoot is improving each day, as men nre doing business on not what iney expect kj nave lo-mnrrow, nut what they have to day. MONTPELIER, VT., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, Dyspepsia is cured by muscular exer cise, voluntary or involuntary, and in no other way can it be cured, because nothing can create or collect the gastrio juice except exercise; it is a product of the human machine. Nature only can make it. O man or woman, whosoever thou art, yomg or old. what will thou do that thou inayest inherit eternal life? Not simply life somewhere when thy mortal days are ended, but tbe eternal life which may begin within thee now hy following the spirit of tho Ktnrnal. If thou livest fur nothing for only such a nothing as thyself I will not say that thou wilt die, for thou art dead already; but if thou wilt live as a true child of the Eternal, if thou wilt keep Uis commandments, if thou wilt strive to bo perfect by doing what thou canst thy divine parentage will make itself felt more nnd more, nnd thou shall have eter nal life indeed. 2'AomtM Satller. Think Fikst. Do you really need the article? It is probably a pretty trifle in dress, in furniture but what soiid benefit will it be to vou? Or is it some luxury for the table, tliat you can do as well with out? Think, therefore, before you spend your money. Or you need a new carpet, new sofa, new chairs, or new dress; you are tempted to buy something a hole handsomer than yon at first intended, and while you hesitate the dealer says to you, ' It is only a trille more, and see ho far prettier it is." Hut before you purchase, slop to think. Will you be better off a year hence, much less in old age, for hav ing squandered your money? Is it not wiser lo "lay by mtnething for a rainy day?" All theso luxuries gratify you only for the moment; yon soon tiro of them, and their only permanent effect is to con sume your means. It is hy such little extravagances, not much separately, but ruinous in the aggregate, that tho great majority of f imilies are kept comparative ly jmor. The lirst lesson to be learned is to deny yourself useless expenses ; and the lirst step towards learning this lesson is to think before you spend. Selected. Education kou the Kitchen. The next great step must be to do something for the art of cookery ; ami tho friends of genuine social improvement may congrat ulate themselves that the progress of education is boginning to take eff tot on this important department of domestic life. Cooking schools are springing up in many places in this country anil Eng land, and the English are taking the lead in organizing them as a part of their national and common school system. Of the importance, tho imperative necessity, of this movomont there can not be iho slightest question. Our kitchens, as is perfectly notorious, are tho fortified in trenchments of ignorance, prejudice, irra tional habits, rulu-of thumb, and mental vacuity; anil the result is that the Ameri cans aro liable to the reproach of suffering beyond tiny other people from wasteful, unpalatable, unhealthful and monotonous cookery. Considering our resources anil the vaunted education and intelligence of Amei ican women, this reproach is just. Our kitchens are in fact almost abandoned to the control of raw servile monials that pour in upon us from various foreign countries. Wo profess to believe in the potency of education, and are applying il lo nil other interests and industries, ex cepting only that fundamental art of the preparation antl the use of footl to sustain life, which involves more of economy, enjoyment, ileal th, spirits, nnd tho power of effectivo labor than any other subject that is formally studied in tho suhools. Wo abound in femalo seminaries antl female colleges, high schools and normal schools, supported by burdensome taxes, in which everything under Heaven is stntlied except that practical art which is a daily anil vital necessity in all the households of tho land. I'rof. i'oum in's in i'opular iSt-.icmc Monthly. "I Can Swim, Sir." During a terrible naval battle between the English and the Dutch, the English flagship, commanded by Admiral Narborough, was drawn into tile thickest of the fight. Two masts were soon .-hot away, and the main mast foil with a fearful crash upon the deck. Ad miral N -u borough saw that all was lost, unless he could bring up his ships from the right. II istily scrawling an order, he called for volunteers to swim across the boiling water, under tho hail of shot and shell. A dozen sailors at once offered their services, and among them a cabin boy. " Why, said tho Admiral, " what can you do, my fearless lad?" " I ran swim, sir," tho boy replied ; " If I be shot, 1 can bo easier spared than any one else " Narborough hesitated, his men were few, and his position was desperate. The boy plunged into the sea amid the cheers of the sailors, antl was soon lost to sight. Tho battle raged fiercer, and as tho timo went on, defeat seemed Inevitable, llul just as hope was fading, a thundering oan- nouaile was Ileum irom tlie rignt, antl tne reserve were seen bearing tlown upon the enemy. By sunset, the Dutch fleet were scattered far and wide, and the cabin boy, tho hero of tho hour, was called to receive the honor due him His modesty anil bearing so won the heart of the old Ad miral, that he exclaimed: I shall live to see you have a flagship of yonr own." The benediction was fulfilled when the cabin boy.having bt come Admiral Clouds ley Shovel, was knighted by tho king. Lutheran. The Dukss of Children in Summeii This subject is practically anil sensibly discussed hy a contributor to tho Chicago Jntcr-Oeean. She considers that children dressed wholly in cotton are not sufficient ly protectetl against sudden changes of tern perat tiro. Chills and fevers result, and lurking seeds of disease are developed. On the other hand, swathing in flannel, in which the children seethe nnd swelter, impairs tho vitality and the ability to repel disoase. The writer further sayB: " Following the .advieo of a friend who had given much attention lo the subject in her own family. I did not discard the flannel swathe across the bowels till lifter two summers hail passed. This oan be made with shoulder straps, and, if prefer red, can bo cotton across tho back. I also provided a shirt and undershirt of summer flannel. At night every article worn during the day was removed anil a long, looso night dies- of summer flannel put on. This sometimes seemed too warm at night I tit never in the morning. No injury resulted from throwing the bod clothes off during the night, mid the summer complaints nnd troubles incident to teething were unknown. Of course, many other precautions are requisite to secure good health. Damp feet and ex treme heat and excitement of any kind should he avoided. Pure air, pure waler, simple food well cooked, nnd fed at regu lar hours are the chief essentials. If fed artificially too much care cannot he given to the articles containing them to koep them all sweet and clean, nnd in any case be sure and give the child onough to eat. Nature can relieve an over-burdened stomach though tho extreme should be guarded against but has no appeal from an empty one, ana loo little looa lor n child is seed for future disease, being like a weak spot In tbo foundation of a build- ing. "If the angels had wings, what did they want a ladder for to climb into Heaven?" This was a puzzler for the htshop. He cleared bis throat several times, grew red in the face and hesitated; but at last a bright thought struck him. Turning toward the school, he said : "As one little child has asked this question, perhaps some other little child can answer it. Now can anv one tell me whv the antrels want ed the ladder?" Back came the answer from a remote corner of the room, " Be- onuse they were moulting, sir!" The good bisbop sat down. The more cultivated the audience the more surely do they love to hear the gos pel in its directness and simplicity. A wise preacher will not carry his scientific sermons to a learned congregation. If he should chance to do so, he would find that be failed to meet their wants. Educated men havo enough of argument and science during the week, and they are hungry for tho bread of life. One of tho most culti vated and refined congregations in Ameri ca is presided over by a pastor who em ploys Ins rich experience and Ins varied learning to present in tlie plainest wav Iho gloriom gospel of the blessed God. froj. Uutli. The young man who, under the pressure ol tbe least real or fancied adversity takes tourinK, is a grown-up haliy, hut hois nuking the wrong hotilo. The young man who is ashamed of his mother, be cause she doesn't put on style, nnd of his lather because lie doesn t use elegant lan guage, is a baby that had no business to have grown up. An overiloso of sooth ing syrnp would have been a blessing to him. The eighteen-years-old girl who is sentimental nnd sighs for his early comins at tho gate well, she is a grown-up baby mat HKes to sit in laps as won us ever. beta Uaveii lieyisUr. The Human Face a Mask. So inscru table may tho human face become, that frequently it is but a mask winch conceals the real character. The men nnd women uost famous for heartless cruelty have often beeu celebrated for their handsome1 faces ; writers of fiction h ive not been un mindful of tho fac, and Faust is represent ed as being a handsome man; while the German fishermen sing of the sirens who Irag men's souls down to perdition with their faithful dower ol beauty. Some faces are unreadable and tell nothing of tho owner's character. Tho merriest men now itml then have sober faces, and the most serious frequently have cheerful ones. Frequently tho most heartless coquette has all tho shy graces of a girl of sixteen. while llio heart ot somo women who look you through with cold, steady eyes, may bo filed with love and tenderness that you are too blintl to discover. So wo go on, wearing guises of different doviee, never quite concealing, never rovoaling, the life within. Honesty Befoue Etiquette. There are those who nurse their tastes up to so lino a point that moral worth may be at any time eclipsed by a badly lilting gar ment or shoe, or a violation of grammar, spelling, or etiquette. This is sheer folly, as ono must needs to take leave of the world if ho would avoid these little un pleasantnesses. If the perpetrator have been an upright soul and an honest heart, wo would rather take bim or her by the hand, than thousands whose dress, con versation nnd manners aro oracularly styled faultless. Of course, one prefers gicatheartednoss anil refinement com bined ; but if to gain tho latter the former must bo dlspensetl with, it is, in our opin ion, too great a sacrifice. Wo havo seen people wnose leelli were quite set on uge by Ihe chance mispronunciation of a word, to whom an act of downright im morality would bo far less distasteful. It is unnecessary to pronounce a verdict on such surface people. Let them keep on skimming life till it be thinned to their taste. Scientific Reliance on Soap. Dr. Richardson lectured recently, in this city. on the germ theory of disease. He ac knowledged bis obligation to Jyndall for his microscopic investigation on air dust, spores nnd other comforting and salutary topics. It is worth while lor common people to learn that 50,000 typhus germs will thrive in the circumference of a pin head or a visible globule. It is worlh while for them to nolo that those germs may be dosicatcd and bo borne, like thistle seeds, everywhere, and, like demonical iossessions, may jump noiselessly down any throat. But there are certain things spores cannot stand, according to the latest ascertained results ol science. A water temperature of 120" boils them to death and soap chemically poisons them. Here sanitary and microscopic science come together. spores thrive in low ground and under low conditions ot lifo. For redemption fly to hot water and soap, ye who live in danger of malarial poison ing. Hot water is sanitary. Soap is more sanitary, right typhus.sumll pox, yellow fever ami ague wnlisoap. boap is a board of health. l'hiladclphin Press. A College Education. The Now York AViiioH briefly discusses tho value of a liberal education witli much intelligence. showing that tho professional man in whatever branch of his general calling is always more successful than tho purely business mini. It remarks that the statis tics of trade, so far ns they show the percentage of failures or the part of those who try to acquire wealth, or even 11 decent competency for their later vears form tho most melancholy reading imagin able. The great mass of poor boys who begin in a store never mako a lortune, or fail lo keep ono if they mako it, but simply mako a poor subsistenco for themselves ami their families, and die in obscurity There are n smaller proportion of success ful business men to the number than of professional men who are successful. In a profession a man sueccods by his own capacity alone, ol wnicti possession notti ing but his own negligence or misconduct can deprive him. Evon in adversity ho is ant to have mental resources and conso lations whicli are but rarely within reach ol tlie untorttinnte business man. Glazed 1'ots. Glazed pots aro con detuned by most writers. The majority of these writers aro greenhouse men, or those with but little experience with growing plants in the dry air of our par lors nnd living rooms; and in watering, those in glazed pots would naturally re ceive the same supply ns those in com mon porous pots alongsitlo. Tho evapora tion from tho porus pots would take place much more rapidly than from tho glazed, ami tho ono would bo comparatively dry while the othor would bo still wet. Tlie next watering repeats this process, and tho result is quickly seen, the plant in the glazed pot perishes at once, or drags out a sickly, miserable oxisteneo. Glazed pots can be used with good results in the parlor or living room. If the drainage is good, so that the surplus waler can pass off, there are many plants that will grow wen in tnem. To tnis it may be atitieu that many peoplo are very irregular in watering house plants. They forgot to attend to it until the dry and parched ap pearance of tlie earth admonishes tberu of their neglect. Of course tho plant in the unglnzed pot suffers worst under this treatment, for the earth gets dry from top to bottom, while in Ihe gin Zed pot Ihe great bulk of the earth, being proteoted ! from rapid evaporation, mv remain cum plirHtively moist, though the top Is dry. journal of 0w.irV, 1879. AHOUAN'MlVIMM Would 1 woretylns; tn a field of clover. or clover cool and soft, and sort and sweet. With dmky cloud in deep skies hautr inir over. And aoented aileuee at my head and feet. Just for one hour to sltp the hush of W trry, In eaa-er haate, from Thoutrht's Impatient neck. And watch it o.mrinf-ta its njeiless hurry Disda'ntnir Wisd-ira's whistloj-Ddty's beck ! Ah I it were sweat, where clover clumps are meeting Aud daises biding, so to hide and rest; No sound except my own heart's sturdy beaUny Hocking- itself to Bleep within my breast. Just to lie thore fllled with the deeper breathing That comes or Usteotna; to a free bird's sons; 1 Our souls require at times this full unsheathing All souls will rust if scabbard-kept too lontr. Aud I am tired ! so tired of rUld duty I Ho Ured of all my tired bands find to do 1 I yearn. I faint, for some of life's free beauty. Its loose beads with no straight string running through I Aye, lauirh, if latt.h you will, at my erude apeech But women sometimes die of suuh a greed; Die for tbe email Joys held beyond their reach, Aud the assurance they have all they need I Mary Anhlev Tuvmhend. TOO LIT n,E. Johnny aud M ay and Dicky and BeU Were going down to the Daisy Dell; "1 know you're going, know very well; Take me too 1" said dear Uttle Nell. ' Too much bother 1" eays lasy John, May, " Who wanta irau tavgiug alongf " " Too ll'.tle I" aaldBMl. " Oourae I " aald Dick; " Hurry, now, Nellie aud grow up quick." Two sweet lips to quivering fell; " Too little for icAntf" said d-r little Nell " Too littte !" cried m ither," too little to bear Our poruou in life a burden of care, " Too littte a heart for trouble to weigh, Too little for teare a moment to atav ; Of wtougs aud rebuffs too little to ttnow; From m3thers own side too Uttle to go. " Let Johnny and Mary and Dicky and Bell Go frolicking down to the Daisy Dell ; But mother and Nell aud pussy-cat-mew Will have the merriest picnic too." Tbe quivering broke In showers of smiles When mother went on to tell of the piles Of struwbrrry-cakea, aud candies, too. With bread and milk for pussy-cat-mew. The four round faces visibly fell Looked sob it nnouifh ac neither and Nell; Rho nestled aud said, ' I'd much rathor stay ; 1 aiut tao littte for leu, auy way." Patience with the Older Children. BY MAIIGABET E. SANGSTEK. A mother told mo, not long since, that sho had unbounded patience with her children so long as they were babies, but, said she, " ns they grow older, I begin to feel that I must pray constantly, lest I show irritation nnd fretfulness toward them." Thinking of my friend's experience, it lias scorned to me that it is one to which many mothers might confess. We all know how easy it is lo bear with the help lessness of infancy. The babe's pitiful cry at night, arouses us at once, no matter how tired wo may be; its wail of pain awakens our desire to alleviate the trouble, and even its fractiousness or its ill-temper, stirs in us only pity. We take the great est comfort in learning its little face by heart. Every day that face becomes dearer and sweeter. Its softness, its roundness, its flower-like tinting, tho look of intelli gence dawning in the eyes, the first smile, the first decisive turning motherward, how utterly happy we are in them all. Every mother is in some sense, a Madonna. As she sits brooding over her babe, she pon ders many things in her heart, nnd what ever mny be her oares, her trials, or her anxieties, the blessedness ot watching this little nnfolding life, still allied so closely to her own, makes up her lack, and car ries her through weary days triumphantly. I have seen this proved repeatedly, dur ing theso times of prolonged financial pressure. Clouds and darkness had gath ered around the horizon of the household ; there were losses and crosses; the mort gage was the last thought at night, nnd the first in the morning, the carpets were growing threadbare, the pictures were sold, and the family fortunes were appar ently about to bo totally wrecked. Then camo a now baby. Very likely during the prosperous years, when thero was plenty wilh which to take care of babies.thoy had been denied, and now, people who looked on tbo surface only, exclaimed, " What a pity. As if those folks had not enough to struggle with, but must have another mouth to feed, another child to bring up!" Yet, if you have known such a case, you have discovered that God could have sent nothing so precious, nothing so consolatory as that new treasure. It has helped father antl mother and the brothers and sisters, is nobody else could. It has kept free antl flowing the fountain of domestic affection, and has beguiled, by its unconscious win someness, many a heavy and despondent hour. The mother, in her inmost heart, thinks they never could have got through the storm and stress of the period, if thoy had not had tho baby. " Anither batru cam hame, flame to mither and mo , An' its never may ye nnd leas o' luve, Than the luve ye brought wl' ye." As the little one leaves infancy behind it, and emcrgos into boy or girlhood, dev eloping character, showing individuality, and assuming some share of personal re sponsibility, its position in tbe household is decidedly changed. A little while ago it was the pet nnd plaything of everybody. It had such privileges as are not accorded to ago nnd rank. As Emerson says, it could pull the hair of laureled heads. Now, it is quite otherwise. The child of ten is always supposetl to be at leisure. No matter how employed, no one has any hesitation in interrupting its pursuits. It is: "Johnny, run to the uost office." " Jennie, go to my room after my slip pers, or my pencil, or my watoh." The little girl is treated with more courtesy, and regarded wilh more consideration than the little boy, who is often addressed as " Sir!" reproved roughly In ihe pres ence ol others, and spoken ot as thouirh he were necessarily a trying and aggravating member of the family, a person to be borne with, but from whom nothing very charming is to be expected. Tbe wonder is that.treated as boy s are in many house holds, thoy do grow up, on the whole, so courtoous, so generous, and so manly as they do. 1 plead for patience witli children of either sox.wnen tney;arrive at the awkward age, the age when feet and hands begin to look out for proportion, when angulari ties of disposition are pronounced, and opinions are proclaimed with sharpness ..n.l nmnl.Bl. TU. tt.ll tl , nun uiiiimai:. x uu unto giri,yesteruay bo yielding and so amiable, seems to have changed her nature. She is exacting, cross, inharmonious, apt to be overtaken by sunden storms of passion, or perhaps is sullen and obstinate. Now, more than at any previous time since her birth, she is in need of the gentlest and tho wisest guardianship. Encourage her confidence. Be tender toward her. Do not let her strength of brain or body bo unduly taxed. All will come out right after awhile, and your daughter will be your heart's de light; but she will be the sooner so, if you exercise patience towards her at this crisis of her lifo. We aro too foreotful. as well as too Ignorant, of the processes by whloh children nre led onward to maturity, and sometimes we rebuke with bitterness where we should instead fold our arms about the waywaril ono, and win penitence by love. The big clumsy lad, who upsetl his tea cup, and steps on his sister's dress, and knocks his head against the door, whon nnotner person would have opened it gruceiuiiy, needs mother s pelting and caressing far more than ha needed it whan be was a babe. Then, he received kisses witnout stmt, and was the sovereign of the ' NO. 33. circle. The fondness which hallowed the cradle, the soft compassion which was so ready in those days, is still in the soul of the mother, but she is often afraid to give it expression. T he reserve w hich gradually builds itself, till it becomes a wall.bctween parents and children, is always to be de plored. It is frequently ono of tho intan gible causes, which keep child red1 from coming to tho divine love. A young man or woman shall lie willing to speak lo anyone rather than to mother, of tlie things which concern tbe spiritual lifo. Somewhere away back in the earlier years there was an hour when the first stone of separation was laid, and the first chill of misunderstanding crept between the two, who were mutually so near nnd dear. Baby ways are beautiful. The baby bud is very fair. But you would not want the baby to slay in this world, without growth or development. What sort of a man or woman shall this little ono be in tlie future? Strong or weak, full or empty, large and liberal, or small and churlish, a Iriend or an alien? Under God, the an swer to this, rests mainly with fathers nnd mothers. There cannot bo too much love and p itience, blent with authority, in the training of the elder children. (lowjrcga tionalid. Smiles. A smile costs the giver noth ing, yet it is beyond all price to the erring antl repentant, tho sad and cheerless, the lost and forsaken. It disarms malice, subdues temper, turns enmity to lovo, re venge to kindness, ami paves the darkest paths with gems of sunlight. If you are not well educated nnd can find " nothing to do," improve your oppor tunity by studying. A wise use of this hard time may make it memorable as the turning-point for good in many a life Think of it, young friends, and make the most of your enforced leisure. James Larrabee, of Stark, N. II.. a veteran woodsman of eighty-eight years, has furnished spars ami masts for five hundred vessels; he has not been ill for fifty years, and can still remain up day and night for two days at a lime while engaged in his work in the forest. Occasional storms and tempests may strengthen nnd make us hardy and healthy if we are properly prepared to endure them; but sunshino and calm are our daily need. A little necessary leaven of evil mny be fell enough, bnt we do not want an overdose of it. Hills and moun tains beautify ami diversify the landscape, but there must be henutiful meadows, broad prairies and fertile fields, and green, sunny acres of lowland to make the hills even tolerable. So tho philosopher oalmly takes life as he finds it, and makes the most antl the best of all that is, knowing that it is but iho result of all that has been, and thai we must work out our own good and our own salvation from misery, amid tho environments thnt surround us, by our own individual efforts. Elmim D. Stenker. Tho Into General Shields was fond of telling the following story: " I remember particularly well that on tho 13ih day of September, 1817, tho American army found iisulf before the ram parts of tho city of Mexico. Tho city contained two Hundred thousand inhabit ants and was defended by thirty thousand disciplined soldiers, yet six thousand six hundred American soldiers crossed the ramparts and captured that city. Can you show mo any other instance of the kind in history? I recollect an old English militaire who was there, and after he looked at the little bind lm said: Is this iho army?' 'Yes.' ' Well,' said he, "all I have to say is this you Ameri cans are not only the brave-t people I ever hoard ol, but the most audacious people on!earth to come here with such an army as that.' " Effect of Flowf.iis on Health. "Contrary to a popular belief," says a writer in Cusselt's Magazine, " it has been recently found by an Italian professor ( that hne vegetable perfumes exercise a positively beneficial influence on tho at uosphero, by converting tho oxygen of the air into that powerful and, therefore, purifying agent, ozone. The essences found by him to produce the most ozone are precisely thoso which usage has se lected as the most invigorating, such ns cherry, laurel, cloves, lavender, mint, juniper, lemon, lennel and hergamot, sev eral ot wuicn are ingredients in the re freshing eau de cologne. Aniso, nutmeg, thyme, narcissus and hyacinth flowers, mignonotte, heliotrope and lilies of the valley also develop ozone; in fact, all flowers possossing a perfume appear to do so, whereas thoso having none do not. This interesting intelligence will be grati fying to all lovers of flowers, anil the cultivation of those lovely disinfectants of nature should be promoted in all marshy or foul places." How the Nutmegs Gkow. Nutmegs grow on litllo trees which look like little pear trees, antl are generally over twenty feet high. Tho flowers aro very much liko the lily of the valley. They are pale and very fragrant. The nutmeg is seed of the fruit, and mace is the thin oovering over this seed. The fruit is about as large as a poach. When ripe it breaks open and shows the little nut inside. The trees grow on the islands of Asia and in tropical America. They bear fruit for seventy or eighty years, having ripe fruit upon them at nil seasons. A fine tree in Jamaica has over four thousand nutmegs on it yearly. The Dutch used to have all this nutmeg trade, as they owned the Banda Islands, and conquered nil the other traders and destroyed the trees. To koep the price up, they once burned three piles of nutmegs, each of which was as largo as a church. Nature did not sym pathize with such meanness. The nut meg pigeon, found in all the Indian islands, did for the world what the Dutch had determined Bhould not be done car ried those nuts, which aro their food, into all the surrounding countries, and trees erew again, and tho world had the bene fit. Button Journal of Commerce. The Value of Muck. For a soil de in vegetable matter muck is valua ble, ns it gives increased warmth of soil and capacity to withstand drouth. Muck is of great value in composting.as it doubles tho manure without much dimi nution of its value. Muck furnishes some nitrogen , a most valuable manurial agent. Muck is a valuable deodorizer ana will preserve tho manurial matter derived From night soil, doad animals, eto. Muck is valuable because of its power t ratlin and absorb ammonia. Clay lands are improved by a dose or muck ; llgni sanus are nnproveu oy niuun. It renders clay laads friable and open ; it improves sandy soils by moistening them and preventing exoessive drying of the soil. It absorbs and retains manurial matter. The proper way to handle mack is to compost it; haul it into yonr barnyards and spread it on your fields with youi manure. Their are "millions" in muck when it il bandied as tn nbsorbont or a deodorizer, and as a compost, Maok is ripened by exposure to the T.&xcnange. I TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. ' For one rqmre of tl Uop or of Airit typ, od li.h.rti(D. ti m;: for ea.-b .ulitiufut lrirtiii. cu. ' I'ulrMitbe number of lotertl-.u. ui.rke.lno the id. i vurtlfiiient It will b1 nutiua-tl until orrler.d nut ' Ltlxral tllw-ouut oo&le tu merclMnU ud otUtr.lv.r ! tlHimf lv tli. ..r. Probetrand Commleeioner.' Notics. 93.0V each. For Notice of Liheratiou. E-tray.. tbeKormttlnn no I'ltuoiiiiiim 01 ix-i.rTDer.iii(.H, sr.. t p. u i,,r tlirw tuwrtion.. If aeut by mail tlia uiuuey uut at:. comiauy tbe letter. Tfotioes In new. rolumna. lorentarr llnearh lu aeruou, but Do ubaryea luade of leea Uiau ixuu. Notlreaof Death and Mariiavea Inserted irratla. but eiteuded Obituary Nntit-efl ol foulTy will be charged at tbe rate of Ave eeuu iter line. "Mamma,'' snid an nfloeted young lady, " here is a grammatical error in tho Bible," ' Kill il!" said the old lady. ' it's what's been a eatin' of the leaves and look-m:trks." A. A. de Seria Pinto, a young Portu guese traveler, has just completed the crossing of Africa on tho line of Dr. Livingstone's first expedition, going, how ever, from the west coast inland and thus reversing tho great explorer's course, lie reports tho discovery of a race with features like the Hottentots, but white. and, as the collegian said, covered all over with no hair. This is "important, if true;" but the great ancestral Pinto has passed into history as the facile princeps of liars. On Yes. Mabel Knew It. It was a warm afternoon, antl young Mr. Cum ma- gen did not go into the house, but sat tlown in tho pleasant porch, as was his custom, after ringing the bell. Her little sister came to tho door aud looked at him with some curiosity. " Does your sister Maliel know I am here, Nellie?" ho asked. ' Oh yes," replied the innocent prattler, " I guess she docs ; she told mo to come out and see how shady it made the front yard whon you put your feet up on tho. porch railing." He took them down and sat on them. Burlinrilon Hawkeye. Reoulatino tub Small Bov. Satur days are red-letter days in the lives of schoolboys, nnd ihe amount of live ex perience that can be crowded into a spring Saturday is something to think of. I know a boy whose infant feet havo pressed tbe blossoms of something like fourteen summers, or thereabouts, who made four kites ami flew tlieni with his mother's patent thread, tore his pants zigzag trying lo nail a pigeon box to tho woodshed, played trapeze on tho clothesline, anil came tlown iu the slop barrel. Theso were only casual incidents of an hour. He coaxed a strango rooster into the yard anil raised a revoit in the hennery, upset a pail ot whitewash on the clean porch, and caused the hired girl to leave with a big ironing on hand ; dropped tbo shears into tho cistern, and broke the small blade of his knife, besides othor and minor things beyond number. It is ono of tho impossibilities to regulate tho leisure hours of a boy. Cincinnati Saturday Night. Altogether too Quick. Ono morning an enraged countryman camo into Mr. M s store, with very angry looks. Ho had left a team in the street, and had a good-sized stick in his hand. " Mr. M." said tho countryman, " I bought a paper of nutmegs hero in your store, and when I got home they were more than half walnuts; and that's tho young villain I bought them of," pointing to John. " John," said Mr. M., "did you sell the man walnuts for nutmegs?'' " No, sir," was the ready answer. " You lie, you little villain," said the countryman, still moro enraged at his assurance. ' Now look here, you old goose." said John, " if you hail taken the trouble to weigh your nutmegs, you would have fount! that I put in the walnuts gratis." "O. you gavo them to me, did you?" ' Yes, sir. I throw in a handful for the children to crack," said John laughing at the same time. Well, now, if that ain't a young scamp," said the countryman, his features relaxing into a grin, as lie saw through tho matter. Much hard talk and bad blood would bo saved if people would always stop to weigh before they blame others. He Staved Mesmeui.ed Bocently a York street family entertained a number of friends, ami among the guests was a Nicholas street young man with mischief in his eye, nnd who has a penchant for practical joking. There was also in tlie party a Sussex street merchant, who boasted during the evening of being able to put tho strongest mind in the room un der tho influence of mesmerism. It oc curred to the Nicholas street young man at that moment that he could have a jolly time, and his eyes twinkled, and a smile beamed over his face as ho announced himself ready for the sacrifice. The mer chant commenced the operation, nnd in less than two minutes concluded that he had the Nicholas street man under control. He was allowed to think so, for his sub ject performad all manner of odd tricks at bis suggestion, much to the amusement of the company. Half nn hour later tho merchant considered that it was time to restore tlie young man to his senses, hut be soon discovered that ho was powerless to perforin the act, and, to all appearances, had lost control of bis subject. When he had been under the influence an hour th" merchant began to get seared, ami so did the company, who' looked upon tho affair as a genuine transaction. Finally, a doc tor was sent for, but before he arrived the young man had kissed all the young la dies in tho room and scattered tlie compa ny about in every direction. When the doctor reached the house ho hat) fully re covered, and it was not until a fevr days ago that the cat was let out of tho bag. OUawa Ci.izen. Competition not the Life of Tkade. "Eleht sweet Flo id i oranges for a dims here, fifteen con s a dozjn!" bawled nn orange peddler, ns ho stopped his wagon close to the curbstone on Fifth street, Cincinnati, the othor day, where a small crowd congregated. Another peddler of oranges drew up lo the same spot and went ono better, ns follows: 'Eight Bwect oranges for nine cents; the only oranges in the state of Ohio that are fit to eat." ' Eight sweet oranges for eight cents," yeliod No. 1 : "rioh and juicy, nnd not picked Dy yellow lever patienis.HKe some oranges that I know of." "Eight large, fine oranges for seven cents," retorted No 2, and the crowd began to manifest an interest in the pro ceedings. " Eight delicious oranges for six cents.. yelled No. 1, and he looked black as tho iloor ol Venice at his oompottlor. " tight overgrown oranges for hve cents, and they're tho only oranges in this city that are not stuffed with sawdust." tight lor lour cents! ' " Eight for three cents!" " Eight for two cents!" "Eight for one cent!" " Eight for nuthin', by graoious!" yel led the desperate dealer. " Nuf sed!" exclaimed his rival, leaping to tbe ground and boginning to transfer tbe eigbt-for-nothing fruit into his own wagon ; " Nuf sed, yer oranges ain't worth no more lhan that, nohow, but soein' it's yon, I'll tako the whole lot at that price," and an me wuue ne was scooping tnem out in handfuls of a dozen. " I'll take a handful at them figures," yeliod a newsboy, as he climbed upon the wneei. " So'll I!" screamed another. " Here, too!" " Make room on that wheel for your ancle!" Tbe unfortunate man whose stock was being reduoed at such unprofitable figures, whipped up his horse and escaped, with a few oranges under the seat, and ns he whirled around a corner he stopped swear ing: long enough tossy that he could lick the man that said competition was the lifo of trade.