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'"1 ' Frccdom of Inqniry, and thc Powcr of thc Pcoplc, BY C. G. EASTMAN. WOODSTOCK, VERMONT, FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 20, 1841. VOL. II. NO. 68. MONDAY. AUGUST 16. 1841. " Ilon, Nntliim Smilic. Tha uamo of this distinguishcd fricnd oftlio pcn- ple Ims long bcen fatniliar lo llioso who liavo liecn cngnged in iho great stmgglo, so many years car. ricd on in this stalo betweon tho ARISTOCHACY OF WEALTH nnd llio DLMOCRACY OF LA- BOIt. For moro llian a qimrtcr of a ccntury, lio lias stood forlli, firmly und opcnly in dcfence of llic pcople, nnd lu liiui, ns to n fallicr liavo tlicy liecn nccustomcd tn confido tho manngcmcnt of llicir denrcst interesls, confident lliat lio could no t !a cn liccd, by tho llntlery of llio politician nor Ihe tnonoy oflho ricli, to nbnndon, betrny or ncglect tlioin. It has rnrcly fallen to the lotofany man, to linvc rcccivcd for so long a limo ns Mr Smilio, llio cuu fidenco of tho inass, wilhout intcrroption, nr any of thoso jcalons, ill fcclings, which uften spring up betwccn llio pcoplo and tlieir bcst nnd Iruest sf.-r- vunts. Thorc are so inniiy 8iibjects, oflocaland individual interesls to wliicli llio Inbnrs of a rcp- rosentativo oftlio pooplo must iieccssarily bo de votcd; thero aro so tiianv whn fuil to obtalti tlieir cnds, nnd eo many who urc raroly plenscd for nnv lcngthof lime with nnylliing, that to liavo cnjoycd, so long, so much nnd so universnl confidcno, can only bc nttribntcd to a nevcr fuiling desiro nnd n wutchfull detcrm'iintion, to secure ihe pemmncnt good of his coiislilucnls, Mr Smilie belongs to thatclass, so numeroiis and rcspcctablo in this stalo, of well-cducatcd, clcar hcnded nnd slrong-minded tillers of tho toil. To tho individuals whn romposc this class lio lias cvcr bccn n fricnd, whclhcr nclingns their cnunccllor al thc firo-sido, nr ns llieir ndvocato in llio hnlls nf legislntion. Rcing, himsrf,n luboring man, his in teresls nnd synipnlhics liavo iilways bccn with llio laboring class, and tliougb nevcr found among those, who would cxcito tho poorcr cluss ngainst thoso who liavo Imcomo ricli by ussiduity und Inbor; yct he has nlways bccn first nnd forotno.st to opposo thoso legislativo artifices, by wliicli llio vicious nnd tlio idlo liavo cndenvored to cnrich theiusclvcs, not by tlieir own duily industry biil, by llio aid of IcgUlatiou, upon tho board carnint oflho fariiicr nnd mochanic, Tho grcat champlon of llio Coiisiituliuunl Treasury, Callioiin, wns not imprcst, earlicr in lifo, willi tlio wickedness of tho bnnking systcm; nor tlian Mr C, tliougli inoiing in n nnrrowor sphcro, did lio pursue n lcss imre mitllng und delerinlncd courso to opon tlio uyes of tho pooplo to its frauds nnd contruvontion to tho pr'unary luw of all true civil politics. For nmny ycnrs Mr Smilio stood nlono nnd tinniilcd in this Stato, tho opposer of lcgisliitiveawindlingjnorwns it, till tlio bubblo bcgan to burst, nnd tbo pooplo found tlieir pockcts tilled with worlhlcss papor.thnt tho justncss of his views nnd llin far-sightcd grnsp his ictcllcct began lo bo undcrslood nnd npprfciu tcd. Thoso, who, whcn that va.it fabric of papcr spccnlntion wns buililing np to fill, nt last, lilio an nvalanchn npnn tho pcoplc, despiscd, nnd jecred tbo wnrning f tho fiirnicr of Cambridge; nt liist cithor by Bilonno, or opcn avownl ncknnwledgo that lio was righf, nnd tho penplu, who nnce Innkcd on witliinditrerenco, hailcd liimns n fricnd, whoo carncst warning, to llioir sorrow thoy liad disrcgtir dcd. Mr Smilio is n dcinocrat oftlio old school. !le was born n tlcmocrnt, hn was crndlcd u dciiiocrnt, he was cducntcd a dcinocrat, nnd Iruo to his birlh nnd cdncntion, liohas nlways bccn n dcinocrat. Not ouo of tliese, slick and ecly mcn, who, can bo takcn, ns tho Irishman said pcoplo could bo, by u hcbtat corput writ, as wcll whcro thcy n'n't ns whcro thoy nro, but nn opcn nnd bold dcinocrat, nvowing, wilhout concculmcnt or palliatinn, liis opiniont on all propcr occasions. Willi hiin thero lias bccn no truckling to tho parly in power, no specious prctontions to catcli tho popular fjvor, nn prnvnrication ot shrinking to cscnpo tho ccnsuro of his poliiicnl cnenitci. IIoliis parsucd tlic satnc nndeviating, honcsl coursc. Of hiin it can"ot bo said that bo lias riddcn hohbics, or boen on nll sides. Ho lias nevcr gono lo bcd nt night n fi-dcrnliits, nnd wakcd up in thts innrning n dcinocrat. Ilo was a dnmocr.it wlicn tho fcdoraliitsguvo lliat nnmo to Mr JclTcrson'it party as a tcrm nf reproach lio is n dcmocrnt now, whcn tho fcdcralists nro ondcavoring to nppropriatu th.it namo ns a tcrm of honorablc distinction. Tho private wnrlh nnd snnnd pinctical scnso of Mr Smilio, ndded to iU piomuo ns n lcgulator for tbo pnoplo.soon plnrcd hiin attliBlicadofhitown Thii was not done by nny nsstimcd supcriority or nny of llioso myslciious niovcincnts, or look-wno and say-nolhing-appenranccs which poliiicnl juzglcrs !o wcll undcrstand;it wns not dono by his influenco jn propcrty or cxtcns'wo family conncxions;it wasnot ilono by soino nabob, who was too wnitiipoit.iut lo asecurc his owu clcction,nnd sought iho clovation of Mr Smilio as a tool; but it wns donn by tho stirn decp and strnng dototion to tho intcrcsts of thc inass, wliicli tnaifestcd iticlf m nll hn nctions, nnd in nll his movcmcnts. Ycars of labor und toil in tho legislaturo, hve shnwn his fcllnw towns-mcn tbat tlieir confidcnco in hiin was not misplaccd;nnd from the ablo and firm reprcsentativo ofa town, he lias now liocomo nn honor to tlio stato. Suchisthn rcwatd that nlways waits opnn thoso who, likc Mr Smilic, pnrnm tho great hiliwny of polittral Irutli, and never for ono moment, turn nsldo into thc hy nnd forbiddcn palhs nf prrnr, cvon though hy so doing, thcy mny bn nntlcred hy thegrcat, nnd cn riched hy tho wnallhv. A calm pcrtnnnce nftrnth, nnd tho beit gnod oflho pcopte.withadecpoml Ini. moTablc relianco upon tlicir virtue nnd inlelligcnre, lias bcen tho secrct of Mr Smilio's surj, To such a man, ihe pcople run,as to thc" nhadow ofa grcat rock in n wcary land." Thc course ofsuch a man ts upwnrd;noinflucncc,no carthly power can kecp hiin down, or drng him down. Tho taunts, tho insulls, tho scorn nnd ubuso nf his cusiuics only crnwd him fnrward, und cvory blnw aiined nt him falls first upon tbo hcttrls of thc pcoplc. Mr Smilio lias long bccn tho lcnder oflho filnte Rcfurin pirty, and such wo proposo to spcak ofhini in the rciniiindcr of tlns nrticlo. Ilo was first clcctcd to tha Gcnural Assnmhly in 1825 nnd sinco that tiinc, a pnriod of fiftccn years, lio hns bcen n menibcr of nur loislativo coun- cils, fnur years, only o.xccptcd j tho thrcoof which, ns mcinber oftlio Scuate. It is not unworthy of rcmark, that his clcctions, liavo nlways bccn con trary to his priinto wishcs. His f.unilv nnd his f.irni, liavo nlways bccn dearci to hiin thantho tur- moilo nf parly politics, or the toil of legislalonjyct ho lias ulwnys boon willing to advnnco tho gnod of tho stato to ihosaorificoofhisown privato feolings. Whcn fiist clcctcd lo tho I.cgislaturc, tlio parly of irresponslliln corporations nnd parlial lcgislaliim wns in its days of glnry. An inaction, on the part of the great body nf the pcoplo, hadallowcd n fcw solfish mcn lo bring nbout nn opinion that coipora tcd wealth was thc blessing oftlio stato; that grun- ting c.clusivo privilcges to n few from wtiirti tlio many wcro shut out was the only wny to mako llio slnto n proipcrous, a happy and a wcullhy statc, Tho inaniif.icturcr, tho Ilank man, nnd iilmost nll mcn, wcre ycarly paying out chartor nflcr chattcr, intcnding to advnncc thc intcrcsts of tho few nnd wilh no sccurity tn Iho many. The vortcx had snclted in whnlo oflho stato, nnd oxccpt now nnd thcn nn individual "snlitnry nnd nloiio"wholifl('dn warning voico ngninst such ruinious prnccrdings, nll wcnt smoothly on; no man cried, slnnd I lio! No man heard the roar of the cntnrnct which tho pcoplo weto appronching. Mr Smilio look hissent in tho lcgislnture with a lirm conviction llial nll this wns wrong. Ilo rcllectcd dceply upon tho wholo Ruhjcct, nnd npon the prnpoiilionto charlcr tho Ilank of St. Allinns, in his own counly, Mr Smi lio stepped out thc fcarlcss champlnn nf llic pcople nnd rufused lo givo his votofor thochartcr, unlcss, llio corporators wcro hound hy law, to mako tlieir nntes ni srciirn ns iiidividiinN wcro nbligcd to inako theirs; nml unlcss tlicy wero bound tu rcili'cm llicir bills as iudividiials nro bound tn rcdeem tlicir notej. rhn systcm, hs said, upon which that bank nskcd wns nnsao, tho pcoplo wcro nnt securcd, nnd he would not voto tn grnnt pnviliages tn n fi;w wliicli hy law wero wilhhclil from Iho many. Ilo vntcd, A1.0NK, frnni Franklin ro,, ngninst tho hill, niid win stigmati.cd us ii " d n Kndical." Wlmt was that lo him ? Ho had donn what bo lliniight wns right. His cnnstitiicnts wntchcd his innvcmcnls turncd him tho next year Iriuiiiphautly. In 1827 wo find Mr Smilio nt his post stcnilily gunrding tho inlcrosts oftlio pcoplo. A proposilion lo incnrporalo the Ilnuk of llcniiington wns intrn dticcd inlo tho I.cgislaturo this ycar, nnd iCJU SMII.IF. MADF.TIIF. FIRST FORMAI. I'ROI'O SITION F.VER MADF. IN TIIF. STA'IT. TO MAKF. THIi rillVATF. I'UOl'F.RTY OF THK sTooKiioi.nr.iiB i.iaiu.k for tiif, nn- DF.Ml'TION OF THFIR IHI.I.S.f3 Vo mako tho following cxlrncts from tho .lour- nnls tn givo Iho nmcndmcnt ot lcnglh nnd in llio woids nflhc movcr. "Thollntiso rcsiiiiicd llio cnnildernlinit oflho hill cntitlcd, " An nnt tn inrnrpor.ito the prrsidcnt, iml ilireclors niiil conipanyol Iho lianl; ol llcnuing- ton," nnd Iho iiicslion, prniliiig nt tlio ailjourn- iiicnt iii llio rournccii, viz: fcliall llio lull bu rrml, sccniid tiino wns ngaiu siiitcd from tho chair whcn Mr Smilio movcd to iimciiil thc liill by addinz nu nilditional sccl?on, ns follows, vi.. Sr.c. 27. It n licrcbv furtlier cnnctcd, That llio piivnte prnpetty oflho prciident, direclois nud slnckhotdt'rs of said rorporation, sball ho hohli'ii to redccm tho hills, or nntcs, bvlhein issucd, and he Kiibject to mesno proccss, whcnever said corpora. linn shall sinpcnd, nr rcfuso payincnt, in gold or silvor coin, for any of iss notcs, bills or obliga- lions." Mr Smilio had nlways hecn oppnsedtn Ihe ptnc lico that lnd prcvailcct in Iho I.ogislaturo of cx cmpting, Jorcver, from laxtalion, n ccrlnin amount nf propcrty in ncls of incoiporulion. Tho fricnds ofthat syslcm, in 1829 failcd in tlicir attcmpts to cnntinuo it longer. Mr Smilie was ono of tho lcn ding opposcrs of tho systcm. To mako thn sahject clcnr wo will give nn ox trurt from tho Jouinal nfl839, Thc cngrosscd bill cntilled, "nn nct ctnhlihing nn nciidcmy nt Manchester, in tho counly of llon nincton was rallcd np. Mr llrnwn of Swntilon, mnvcd that said bill he committcd to a mombcr, fnrtho purpose nf nmcnd ing the. same,hy erasing tlic following words iulho sixth scrtinn thcrpof, iz. " All such cslatn, whclhor rral, pnrnml, nr " mixcd, ns is, nr hcrcnflcr shall bo, scquptptcd " In, nnd for, iho nsr of said insliluiion, nr for Iho " proinotinn of cduciilinn llicffin, shall forcvcr bo " free nnd oxeniplcd frnni nll tnxes." And imcrting in licu thorcoflhe following words, viz. " All tho norcarv bnildinjs nf the institutinn, " phllnjnphicnl npparntus, nnd librnry nnwbclniig " in? In. or whiih shall hcreaflcr hnlnng In said in " stitution, shall fonivcr he cxcmpt from taxation.' I'ngo 101. The propocd, nmcndcd, pascd by llio unanimnus conscnt nf tho llousc. Tho bill ns nmcndcd was scnt lo the (iov. nnd Counril nnd returned tn the Ilnuso with ninendmcnts non concurrcd in, but proposals to amcnd a cortnin cx- tcnt. IMgo 103. Thellonsn tnok up tho cngroed bill cnlitlcl' "An nct cstablisbirig an ncadcmy at.Man rliMlcr. In the rountv of Ilcnninston," which had boen rcturncd hy tho Gnvcrnor nnd Council cnn- , - .t- . i r )....., Thu it.l currcii wnn prnposais in nnitiiuitin.. mu n ninnndnipnts nnd rensnns asairned wcro rcad: nnd tho first nmcndmcnt proposcd wns concurred in. The sccnnd nmendmpnt prnpocd by the (iovcrnor nnd ( nnncil wns llicn rcnn ns nninws, viz.; " After Iho wnrd ' institolion,' iQ tho third line " nftho siith section, inscrt tho words, ' nnd such " nni nr sums of iniinnv ns nrc, or hcreaflcr mny "ho, spqiicslPil to, nnd for the uso ofsaid intitu- " tinn,.n lnll prnuiiRo nn onnuai rcni or inicrc; " of six hnndrcd dollars." Tho Tole stood C8 in the nmrmative, 133 in the npgalivn. So it was detcrmined In llicnegativo, nnd Mr Smilio appointed to assijn thc rcasons of the llousc, Scc. In 1830, tho bill wns brnught forwnrdfur thore- chartcr of tho Uank nf Windsor. Annlher cxtrnct from the Jnurnals will perhaps hcst sbow the part takcn by Mr Smilic. Wednnsdny, Nov. 3d. !) o'clnck. A. M. Tho bill, cntitlcd "nn nct oxtcnding tho lime, nnd ciinliniiiiig in forco for u limilnd pcriod, nn nct tn incorporntolhe pri'sidcnt,directarsnnd coinpany ol llio Ilank nt windsor, wns cnllcil up. Mr Gnlitsha movcd tonincnd the bill, bynddin: nt llio iud oflho third scclion.iis amondrd on mo tion of Mr Collamer on tho 1st inst,, ihn following words, viz: on nll slock owncd wilhin llin Stalo, nnd 10 per ccnt. of snid prnfilaon ullslnck wilhout Ihis Statn nnd Ihn questiou bcing tnken, wns de- ciiIpiI in llio nllirmutivc. Mr Smilio mnvcd to nmcnd tho saine hy ndding nn nilditional scrtinn, ns follows: Sec. 5. It is hercby furthcr pnaclcd, that llin pri vate prnpcrty nf tho slnckholdcrs clmll ho hnldcn nt nll liinps nnd placcs for the niiymcntsnf llio bills issiii'd by said rnrporntinii, .Mr llrnwn. ol Worcester, movcd tliat said bill lio nn tho tliblc. And tho (iiKistinn bcing nnt wns dccidcd in tho ncgntivc; nnd tho (ucslion rccuircd nn ihn motion nfMr Smilie tn nmcnd said bill, nnd on tha qnes tion, slnll tho bill bo ainciulod us propoaed ,' it passcd in tho nflirmalivr. 'I'h4 nucstion wns thcn stntcd. shall tho hill ho rcad n secoiid tinie .' when n inotinn wns mndo hy Mr Fnllett that said bill lio nn thu table; and thu qnpstinn heiiig put was dccidcd in the ncgative. And tho questiou rccurred shall the bill lin read a sccond tiino? nnd bcing tnken, was detcrmined in tho nfiirnintive; nml it wns rcnd tho secnnd limo. Ordcrnl tbul it bo pniirossrd nud rcad n third lime. Thurtday, Nnv. 1, !l oVlnck, A. M. Mr Stcnlo mnvcd tn rcrnnsidcr tho vnto takcn vostrrnay on motinn of Smilic, ntucniiina the bill ciilitlpd nn nrt for cxtcnding Iho tiino, nnd continu ing in forco for n limitcd pcriod, nn act to incorpo ralo tlio president, dircctnrs nnd cninpany of thc llnnK ol mdsor, ns statcd on tlio Jnurnnl ot ycs- tcrday ; nnd ihn qncstinn wns stntcd, will tho IIousu rprnnsidci tlicir said voto ? I'pon which nucstion n dehnto nroe, nnd bcfnre Iho queslion wns tnken tho Governor nnd Council nnd llouso nf Ueprcscnlativcs met, &e. ' o ii. n t ii v , i . .11 I'ho IIouso rcsumrd tho cnuideration nf iho motion nf Mr SipcIc tn rornnsidpr tho volo takcn vcstcrdav. nn inntimi nf Mr Pmilin. nincndiii" tbo iiill culiticd nn ncl cMctuliiig llin limo nnd coutinn ing iu forco for n limitcd pcriod, nn nct tn iucnr- pnrnto llin prciilcnt, iliri'clnis iiml rnuipnii v nf thc Ilank of Windsor, ns sMlod on tho .Inuiiinl of vps- tcrilay, which was pi'iiding nt tho niljnnrninonl in llin forpnnnn. And ihn qncstinn was ngaiu statcd, will Ihn Ilnuso ri'coniiIcr tho said vnto ? It wns ilolcrniincil in tho nllirinalive, nnd nn tho iucslio" shall Ihiinnipiiiliiiciil prniioscd bv MrSmi- liu bu ndnptod ! it pasfed iu the ncgativol! lu 1831, Mr Smilio inlroduced nn nct rrgulnting tho charlcriiignf Ilanks, which nftur various inndi firatinns restillpd in tlio Safrlti Knml ftmlem. TIin wns intcndcd to bring nlinnt Mr Sinllie's grnnd nb- jerl, the security nf llin. bill holdcr, nnd tlinugh slopping fir hhort of what ho nlways wishcd to nc compliih, yct it wns better than nolliMig. In 1831, Mr Smilic intrndurcd n hill to prohilnt tho circiilation nf small hills, for tho puiposo of luinging moro spccio into tho Statu, nnd reudering tho currcncy moro sccuro nnd ntalile. Thc samo ycnr hc iutrnducrd n hill, Iho objcct nf which was to tax bank stock nwucd hy non-rcsidcnts of Iho Slntc, which passcd. Iu evcry inslancc whilo ho was u mcinber oftlio llousc, hc cxcrtcd himself tn provcnt rorpnrnlinns fiom obtainiiig undno ndvnn tago iivur tho pcoplc, nud lo cqiializu laxntion. Tho thrco yc.irs Mr S. was iu tho Scnnlc, wu find his naiiio rccnrdcd, on nll nccasions, ngainst confcrring ircsponsib!o powcr. . Wc mako a lew extract froin tho Journal of 1837-'33. Tuosihiy, Oct. 21. Tho Senatn tnok np tho bill cntitlcd, " un act incnrporaling tho Ppringficld papcr coriiianyr." Mr Smilio mnvcd lliat thu bill lio roiiimilicd to n mcmbcr for the purposo of rccoiwng thu follow ing iiiiicndiiiciit: Scc. 1 1. Thc sovcral storkholdcrs fhall ho hol- ilcu iu tlieir individual cnpicity for tho paymcntof nllilcutscontiuctcil ny tlio cnrporation. 'I'uesday, Oc.t. 30, 1838. The Sonalc rcsumcd tho coiniilcratiou of the bill to rc-rh.irler thu Ilank uf Caledonia. Mr Smilic mnvcd that said bill bn cnmmiltcd to n iiiciiihcr for tho purposo nf bcing nmcndcd by nddir.g llio following seclions: ii'c it furthcr cnnclel, That the private propcrty nf thc stnckholdors slnll ho holdcn to redccm nll bills issucd by the rorporalinn. 1k it fnrthcr cnnclel, Thnt nny etockholdcr in said cnrporation shall ho ut libcrty, ut the oxpira tion of llio chartcr iu this nct mentioucd, lo willi draw fiom said coiporatiou; und upnn such wilh drawnl, said cnrpnnitinn shall pay such slockholder for his sharc of cupital stock, un ninount cqual to thc first cot uf said slock. Thus it will ho sccn, that thrnugh nll Mr Smilic's scrviccs ns n public man, ho has bccn llic slcndf.isl fricnd uf thu pcoplc. Hc is thc fiilhcr uf Uanking Itcform iu tho Stuto, and tho man who first rniscd his voico ngainst parlial lcgislatinu nud privilcgcd moiiopolics, In Fchrunry, 1839, a dcmncratic rnuvcnlion as scinblcd nt Middlchiiry, iiominalrd Mr Smilio as raudiilato for Govcrnnr, nnd such wns his pnpu latity with thc bouo nnd niuscln uf thu, Stnte lliat, nlthnugh tho ycar hcforu thu fcdcrul candidatc had bccn clcctcd by nbout six thnuand majorily, Mr S. wns buatcn by n lillo out two lliousand, nnd tho dcmncratic Voto incrcnscd from 19,191 to 22, 251! l.'ndci his bauunr tho dcinocrals gaincd fhat ycar in tho Houso from tevcnly-thrce to osf. ltUNDRr.D A.NI) NINE, CnTl8 10, Mr Smilio liiving dnclincd bcing n can didato for Governor, was elcctcd to tbo I.cgislaturo from Cambridge For n part of his conrse tlnt ycar, eo in this wcck's Jlgc his rcsolulion in favor of farmers nnd mechaiiics. Wc do not claim for him thatjie has bccn cdu catcd in nll thc sophitrics und chicnncries of thc hnr; wc do not claim for him that hc has loarned in tho halls cf Congress to wnsto thc monov oflho pcnplc in long spcccbcs during tho day, nnd in the night to wnsto his own moncy in dcbauchpry; but wo ilo claim for him, that m tho cominnn district schnnl,that nurscry of libcrty, bo lcarncd the rudi mcnls of n frecman's cducalinn; und that, in nflcr lifc, hc has lcnrncd to devotc thc talcnts that God has givcn him to tho causo of that grcat nnd pnw- erful part of the frcoincnof thii Statc, thc laboriiig class, of whi'ih ho is n stcrn und proud membr. Wo claim for him lliat ho stands hcforu the pcoplo untninted with nny of thoso aristocratio nolions, which tho olcvulcd placc ho has so loug occupicd is nlmost siito to engendcr; wo claim for him nn honost heart.a clear hcad and souud intcllcct. Wo claim for him tho honor of bcing the first in tlio Stato lo unvcil tho iniquity of tho bnnking system. Wo claim for him, that " solitnrv nnd nlone, he put that ball in motion." Wo claim lliat ycars beforo tho Hero of Now Orleans had dnshcd out the brains of " tho monstcr" ag.tinst the hul warks of tho Constitiition, Nathan Smilie, in tho I.egijlaturo of Vermont, was cnutending nlono, sin- lc-hnnilcd, but uiidisinaycd, ngainst tho whnlo nrniy nf llnnk slnvcs, for tho cry rcform which, now, tho deiuocratic parly fecl is ndvnncing liku tha trcnd of u giant, in tho wholo Union. Wo claim for him that liu has an oyo to scc, a hcart to fecl, nnd nn intcllcct tn aid tho primary intcrcst nf the pcoplc Iho loco focos, as tho fcderalists call them, i. c. tho nAiini.F., who will notsuhmit to be rulcd nnd gullcd and bled to dcath hy tho " ricli and the well born;" thoso who fecl lliat it is not n sin to bo poor, nnd that tlicir Fnthcr iu Ilcavcn Inoks wilh ns iiiuch compassion nnd tcndcrncss upon tho pnor mnn who works for his bread, ns ho docs upon tho ricli man who lolls in onso nnd luxury on his gildcd snfa. Wo clniin fnr hiin for Natiian Smilic that in tho nll timcs, nnd in nll placcs, undcr nll circiiiiistiinccs, whcthcr tho cunning h.i o rndea vored lo wliccdle or the violent tn brnw-hcat him, that he has stnod ns brnvo ns stecl, firm ns n rock, rcndy to udvocato nnd voto for llio rights of tho many. Wo clniin thnt, nciihcr coaxing, nor in sults, taunts or rcprnitches, snccrs or intimidation, liavo drivcn him from tho plnin palli ofduty, or in ilnccil him tn hcitntu nr wnvcr ono moment in his dovntion to tho intcrcsts und wcll-heiug oflho mass. So inm h wo claim for NATHAN SMII.IF., Ihe cainlidato oftlio Itcform party,for Governor oftlio Stalc, Tho sorviccs he has dnno tho peoplo in his public capirity, nro beforo Ihcm. Ho slands un tntnMicd, uncnrruptcd. Ilo has nnver varicd nevcr dovi ited ; for such n man we nsk tho support oflho peoplu of this Stuto, Tlii! Slsitc Debl, No, 2, In my last iiumbcr, I thiuk I cunclusivcly shnw- cd thu stalcmiMits of the H'lirimiui iu rclatinn tn the aniinal cnnditiuii of tho Treasury, not only tn ho fitlsc but WII.FUI.LY FA1.SC, llut I wisli fur- ther to cxpnsu its ilcreption in rclatinn In llin nc limiiiis iu un: uist car. In tliuurliolo liuluru nllu- dcd tn, Geu. Wallon says, " cxclusivo of moncy bonowcd and thu 'balanco in tho Trcnsuiy ut the bcginuing, und llio balanco nwiug nt tho piuI oflho ycar, tho rcceipts wcro $69,207,18," which do ductcd fmm $83,-ll(i,52, tho amniint oflho cxpcn ditutcs lenvcs n defieit of 11,119,31. Now liiark theilcccption, to iunke out tho ninount of rcceipts ns nbovc, Gcn. Walton includcs $2,137,08 rccciv cd for the Snfety fund.nnd $7,S8G,SG icreivcd for School fund, iu ai! $10,021,51, which will icduco tho amount of rcceipts to a little ovcr fifiy-nine thnusand dollars, Now whydid tho W'ulchman includo thcso sums among tho rcceipts oftlio ycnr which wcro npplicahlo to thc cxpcuditiires .' I'.vi dcntly for uti othcr purposo than tn dcccivo his cadcrs. llut this is not thu only dcccption. Hn stntcs that tho sum of 1)2,000, npprnpriatcd to tho Insanc lloipital, is of " n purcly extraordinary charactor." Now Gcn. Walton knows this to bo falsu, for tho Audilor's rcports sbuw nn npproprin tion annnally to that Institutinn cvcr sincu ilscnm incncciuciit, nnd llic (,'onoral knows that this 1)2, 000 is lcss than ono half uf soino of llio aniiual an propriations for the samo ohjcct. Tho Rcports shnw that in 1837 thcrc was nppro printcd to tho Iusano Hnspital 1)1,000, iu 1833 1)0,000, in 1839 1)2,(10(1, and in 1810 1)2,000, yct this is an extranrdiuary cxpenditurc for 1810. Shamc on this pions Gcncral! llut ngaiu, in tnaking up ihn cxpcnditures nf 1810, the Gcncrnl lcavcs out llio amount paid for intcrcst on moncy borrowcd ns not nn itom of cx pcnso. This intcrcst, cxcltisivn ofthat duo on thc Schuol nnd Sufcty funds, nmnunls to 1)2,308,12; this nddcd to tho 1)10,021,51 tcccied in 1810 for School nnd Snfety funns, nmnunts to 1)12.332,9(1; to which ndd ihodcficitus statcd hy Wnllon, 1)11, 1 19,31, nnd wc liavo a balanco ngainst tho Stato of moro than D20.000, as statcd heforc. Docs Gcn. Walton suppnse hn can mako his readcrs he licvo that tho intcrcst wo nru nnnually pa) ing nn the Stato dcbt is nn part nf our expenscs .' lf to ho will prohabty fiud hiinself niist.ikcn. Gcn. Walton is furllu'r gnilly nf dcrpplion, which is nnlhing short nf flilsrhnnil, whcn hu says " the dcht itsplf is nnc which the right hand pucket of Vermont nwcs to llic lcfl hand pockct." Ho ci dcntly intciids by this to mnkc thc peoplo belicvc that the Schonl nnd Safety funds arq tho properly of llio Stalo n iu! bclong tn the Treasury, to bc np plicd to the cxpcnditures of tho Statc. llut lct us cxnminc intn this mntler, nnd first find llio origin of tbo School fund. Ily thc law uf 1825, cnnstituting this fund, it is dispnscd oftlio in following inaniicr. " Skc. 2. t hereby furthcr cnnclcil, That tho ninount nfthis Stntc's funds nrcruing from the six per rcnt. nn iho nctt profils nf tho rcpectivc hanks chartpred by this Statc, which nro now, nnd which heronftnr mnv bo in opcratinn, nlready rc ccivcd, nnd which bcrcnftcr shall accrue nnd grow due to this Stntc. nnd which has nlrcndv nccrucd and which liorcaftor shall accrue from licenccs tn pcdlcrs, bc nnd tho samo is hcrcby scqucslcrnlunil Rrantel tn thc icvcrnl lownt in this Stato for thc bonpfit nf rnnunnn schools, nnd to no other use, to bo inanagpd ns n School fund, ngreenbly to tlic provWons in this act hcreinaftcr prcscribcd." Now vvhoso fund is lliis, oxprcssly grantcd to thc toicns. Has tho Gcnctal so f.ir abandnnod his iloc Irino of Vt tci Rightt ns to suppnse lliat this fund is tho propcrty nf tlip Ftito .' Ccrtamly nnt, but it ii cnuvcnient so to trcat it, for purposcs of do ccplion. This fund was christcncd nt its birth the '"Poor man's Fund," and designcd to bo npplicd for tho hcnefit of tho poor man's childrcn in fur ni!iing them the mcans of cducalinn. Rut Gcn. Walton, who not a ycar since was so (ull nf sym- palhy fnr tbo poor man that (ns hc would liavo us helicvc) it flowcd in lorrents frnni his oyes, now prnpoaes to rob Iho poor mnn of this lusl hnpe, for the purposo of liqtiidating tho e.xpenses of fcdernl extraviigance and corruplion, Hy. tho tcrms of tho law nbnvo quoted, overy pcrson will rcndily pcrccivo that tho funds raiscd hy iho nnniial tnx for the support of paupcrs and buililing bridgcs iu llio sovcral tnwns, is jnst ns much llio propcrty of llio Statc us is tho School fund, nnd mny with ns much propriety bo npplicd to liquidnto thu Stato dcbt. Ily iho conditions of the law of 1823, tho intcr cst un tho School fund is to he annnally nddcd tn, nnd hccnmo n part uf llio principal; and of this fund tho Stato. borrowcd in 183 1, 1)9,192,38, in 1835, Dl-1,025,78, in 1830, 1)1 1,5 10,94, in 1837. 1)17,097,10, in 183S, 1)9,138,17, in 1839, 1)12, 193,38, nnd in 1810, 1)7.880,80, lo which sums ndd Iho intcrcst ns prtnidcd by law, and on the 30lhofScpt 1811.it will iiinoiint to 1)107,730,23, witli which Gcn. Walton prnposes to conceal thc cnrruplions of tho parly which has bnrne rulo for the last tcn or twclvo ycnis in this Stato. llut this is not ull. It nppears from tho Audilni's repnrls, that in 1839, tho Statc was iudcbtcd tn llin Safcty fund D1G,013,31, nnd thnt in 1810 it rcccivcd 1)2,137,08 moro of tho samo fund, tn which uihl llio intercst up to Sept. 30h, 1811, nnd tho amount is 1)20,258,18. It will hu furthcr found by tho rcport of 1S-I0, that tho nuiounl of intcrest paid tn iudividiials, towns nnd hanks for inoncy borrnwed, was 1)2,308,12, which shnws nn iiulcbledncss nf l)38,-173,G0; we find nlsn hy tho saine rcport that tho furthcr siini uf I)5,C80, was borrowcd of nn individual nnd u bnnk; to thcso last to sums, ndd thu intcrcst up tn Sept. 30th, 18 II, nnd wu liavo llio amount duu from the Slate tn iudmdunla, &c. al tho rloso oftlio presciil fisciil ycar, $10,802.82 Add llio nmnnnt duo Snfety fund, 20.25S. I8 Aild amnuiit due School fund, 107,730,23 An nmnnnt nf Dclit, cqual to $174,791,53 Add thu lulancoof expenscs nf 18 10, 20,531,05 And wu liavo a Slnto Dcbt of tho cnnrnious sum nf $201,323,18 nnd wero wo lo bo lct into thc secrct of tho whnlo machinery, wo should undniihtcdly find tcn or twclvo thousand dollars moro lo ndd to tho nbovo nmnnnt. t. .rt. Itr I. , !... niitiuiu lllis llvl ilcbt in " fivn miniile.s," nnd hnw ? Ily simply npplying tho Schnnl fund. Well, lct us try it.t The whole nmnnnt nf that fund, ns rcpnrled by thu Audilor, Sept. 3fllh, 1SIII, cxclusivo of intcrcst thcn duc, wns 1)120,013,18; dcduct this from tho nhnvn amount, nnd wo liavo n balanco nf delit ngainst tho Stato of 1)74,079,70, nnd in nddilinn to this nu nnniial balanco constantly accruiug ngainst tho Slatc. Now, what say frpcmcn, is thero nn nced of Stato Itcform ? Is tho cry of Stato ilcbt nll ' hnm bug'! Wilh tho foregnlng facts dinwn from tho nllicial rcports, will ynu bc longer gullcd by ihu lying JVatchmun und its pions cdilor ! llut why does Gcn.Wnlton nndvrtakp to conccnl thoso f.icts ? This I will cndcavni to sliow in my next. Sullicc for tho prcscnt, he is wcll paid for it, SCRUTATOR. Augiut 12ih, 18 11. AN EXTRACT PR0M T1IE JOURNAL 0F TJIE LAST LEGISLATURE. (firi'Itnj, OcloUr 9, IS 10. Mr S.Mii.ir. iutruduccd llio following resulutinn: Iicsolrc l, That a prnpcr icgard fnr the intcrcsts nflhc whnlo rnniiiiunity rendcrs ii cxptdicnt, in the nppointment uf iho Slaniliug Committpes of thu Ilnusu, that n pnrtinn nf each nf s.iid commitlec should consi.it nf FARMI'IIS and MI'.CIIAMCS. Which wns read; and on llio qucstinn, shall the rcjnlution pass i tho ycas nnd nays having bcen dcmanded, wcm takcn, and weru ns follows: Thoso who vutcd in the nfiirnintive nrc, Mcssrs Adnm of Cavendish, Aikcn, Allen nf Wntctbiiry, Aines, llakcr, llancrofl, llarnesnf Ad dison, Ilnrnes nf lluncnck, llaiues nf Itochcstcr, Ilaxtcr of Uurliuglon, Uaylies, Ilpnmnn, Heard, Itearli, llpnnett, Iligelow,liillinjs,Illodgclt,Iloyci!, Ilrnckett, Itridgman, Hryanl, llnck, Iluckuiastcr, IlulTuni, Ilullnck, llurbank, Cnrpenter nf Kirby, Carpcnterof Orange, Chandler of Peacham, Char'l tnn, Cheiipy. Cloveland nf Ilronkfield, Colinnn, Cnnk, Curiis, Cntlpr, Cntts, Davis, Dcarhnn, Dnwncr, Pnwns, Drnppr, Hwjer, Fnser IVrnnn Fcrris, l'iher, Fn.tpr nfSwiinlon, Fnster of Tun l.riilao, Fnx, I'ri'nrh, Gaiiibell, Georsn, Gihnn, Gilninre, Gruves, llull nf Dover, llall nf Ginlnn, Ilall nf liveLMto, llamiltnii, llnrrisnf Itallimore, Harris nf Winilliam, llnslings nf Itupert, Hawley, Itcwcs, llmlgkins, llnllistcr, lln'l, Ilo nulitn n , llli vev, Hutchings, Iham, Junes nf Itichuinnd, Juncs nf' Waitsfield ', KiiiMiinn, Knight, l.add, l.auih, l.pndnn, I.pnndaril nf Glover, Lewis, l.itllcfield, l.nvnland, I.jnn of Salem, Marlin, Mntlncks, Mc Gnfiy, MeNeill, Merrill, Murgin. Morrill, Mnre, Nnwlnn nf Marlbnrn', N'cwlnn uf St. Albans, On ion, I'ark, I'aul of Middletown, 1'enrec, I'erkins, I'reslon, I'utnam nf Midillcsex, I'utimm nf Wbi lingham, Read, Rnvnnlds, Ricn nf Slrattnn, Itnh inxin uf Stow, Hiibinsnn of W. Fairlee, Itnund, Itumscy, Safford, Sanborn, ScholTPenr, Plriw nf Itnxhurr, Shaw nf Tinmouth, Sheldon, Slepper, Smilie, 'Sinith of Ilnllnn, Smilh nf Wilininston, Spcar, Sprajuc, Stnne, Stow, Tcnney, Thorp, Tnptilf, Tnwn, Townshend, Tiirncr. Vilas.Wag.ir, WnlkernfTbplford, Wnrdswnrlh. Wnrnprof Jeri cho, Wccks nf llenningtnn, White, Wright nf Lei cester, Wright of Wnrrcn 140. Those who votod iu the ncgalivo nrc, Mcssrs Adams of South Hcrn, Aldiich, Allen of Westford, Itasrnm, llenlon, Chitidlcr nf Derby, Chimllcr of Wnodstnck, Clnsson, Cnlby, Cnle, Corse, Dnvison, Dn Forest, Dcnion, Dodge, 7i7 chritt, Ilaslinas nf St. Jnhnsbiirv, Havs, llnzen, Hcniingwny, Hcnry, IMard nf llnndnlph.Hilibard nf Concord, lliclcy, llinman, lloiles, Hnwn, lluhbaid nfrrnnklin. Iluhh.ird nf Gui'dlntl, llvdn, Kendall, Kinff. Knapp, I.ponard nf rhiilenden. I.punarit nf Wnrcester, Litlit, Mead, Parker, rP" I'aul nf Ponifret, I'opc, I'orter nf Hartford. I'renli'S Rix, Rnw', Sahin, Simonih, Smilh nf Uridport, Sin'tlh of Londonderry, Smilh of Putney Swift, Tnppnn, Waktficld, Walhcr nf Whiting, Wucner nf llristol, Wnrncr uf Ncwhavcn, Wnsli lnirn, U'ceks nf Salisbury, Wells, Wheeler of iIniilgoiiiery, Ynung G0. So it passed in thu aHirmativo. It wns really luughablo tnsco into what n picklo lliel ords ofthe Houso wcro thrnwnhy ihis dcmo cralic rcsolulion of tho old I'armor of Lamoille. It was so manifcstly ltcpublican nn ils inttoductiou thatnono but tho bluest oflho hule durcd voto n- gaiust it, and cvcn thcy had not liuiolo atteniptits defeat. After its passage, hnwovcr thcy bcgan to rtlly. Tho Spcakcr was tho lirsl to recall thc wniidermg senses of the parly. He did n't know it might bo hn prcsumcd tho gentlemnn from Cambridgo meant no disrcspect tn tho chair but but hn would suggest to Iho Houso that thnt this was rathcr an uniicnminon cnurso nf procccding and would scriously cmbarrnsa the chnir, nnd ho up pcalcd to tho IIouso to tn to do somclhing to rclicvc him. Mr Smilie cxplaincd nnd glorionsly ho spoko too, ns thoso can testify who heard him. .Mr S. was snrpiised lliat nny ono could for u tnoinent supposo his rcsolulion cutertaiued nny disrcpcct to tho chair hc really ihought it would bo hcncficial to liavo intelligcnt farincrs nnd mcchnnics on tha cnmmitlccs, ho ihought that tho htwyprs who wcro usually placed nn thu ronimittees might re coivo suhstnntial ndvico nqd iiiforniation frnm far mers nnd mcclmnics, nud thinkiiig so ho had in trnduccd his rcsoliitioq. Tho Houso was in ,i glnrious fix. A really ilo tnocrntic rcsolulion had p.ised it must bo rccon sidered it must bo rcscinded it wontd never do tn have the hugo paws nn ihe statntu bnnks. Tho chair wns in gicat trihulation ho could n't moye ho was hampcred. Mr Sanbnrn out of pity to tho chair, mnvcd lliat tho vote bo reconsidcred, if that would relievo his honor. llut a recnusidora tion would nnt dn thnt wns not strnng ennugh it must bo DISMISSF.I). So Mr Warner of New Hnven (fcd.)ii.ovcd that it bo diimisscd, &c. On motinn of Sanbnrn, tln vnto nfthis rnnrning p'lsssina the resnliitinn introdnccil hy Mr Sinilie, relativ e tn tho iippoiiitmcut ol standing' coinmittces, wns recnnsiilereil Mr Wnrntr ofNcw Ilnven movcd to dismiss suid icsnlution, And ihn qucstinn wits stntcd, shall tho snid reo lutinn hc ilMinisscd .' nn wli'rli queslion tho jens nnd nays having bccn dciniindcd, wero takcn, nnd wcro ns follows: Tliiiso whn vnlcd in llic nllirmntivo nro, Mpssrs Ailnnis nf llrnnklinH. Adanis nf Cnven iiiJii, Miatnsui ftntiln ifern, AiurHi, .itieii ut irns- bnrah, AUcn nf Westford, llniley, Ilnker, Ilnrnes nf Addison, Ihirnps nf llnneock, Ilarncs nf Ilnch esler, llnsrnm, Ilaxtcr nf Parlnn, Ilaxtcr nf llur linstnn, llcaiunn, licard, Ileneh I'ennclt, Rentnu, Hillings, lloynlnn, llrnckcl', llriilgmun, Ilryant, Diich; lluckmaslcr, Ilufliim, Ilul'nck.Cnrpetrterof Kirby, Carpenlcr nf Orange, Cliaiidler nf Derby, Chaiidlcr nf Peacham, Chaiidlnr nf WnnilstnrK, t'licncy, Clevehiiul nf llrnnkfield, Clovelnnd of Coventry, Clnssnn, t'olby, Cole, Cnlmnn, C'ooA", C'nrsc, i.'ranc Curiis, Cutler, CnlU, Ihivis, Da visnn, Do Forcst, Deiiion, Dodgc, Down, Dra per, l)wycr, Dager, Fer"itsnn,'Fishcr, Fisk of F.don.I'iskof Waterville, Fnstcr nf Swnnton, Fm tct, Tunbridge, Fux, I're rh, Fnllani, Guinbcll, Gilrhrist, (tihnnre, Haiiultnn, llarris nf Ilalli mnrn, llarris nf Windham, llastings nf Itupert, llastings ufHt. .lohnsbnry, Ilnwley, Hajs, Hnzen, Iluniimiwny, Henrv, llc 'nrd of 'itnndiilph, llih banl nf Concord, llialey. llinman, Hm!gi,, IMt, Hougliton, ltoit c, Hiibliard of Franklin, Hubhnid of Guililhall, HmIo, Islnm, Jones nf WnitrfieM, Kenilall, King, K'nnpp, Knhlu, l.add, Lunih, l.nn don, I.ce, I.ennard nf Chittenden, l.conard of Glover, Leouard nf Worcester, Lewis, l.illic, f.ovtland, Lyon nf Colchester, Mnllhcws, McNcill, Mcad, Mnnn, .Mnre, Newtnn of Marlboro', "cir ton nf St. Albnns.Onion, Pnic, Park, Parker, I'aul of Middletown, I'aui. nf Ponifret, Hnpe, Horlerof Harlfnrd, I'rcntiss, I'reslon, l'uliinni nf Middlesex, Putiiam of U'hiliiu.'lian), Jluumnnd, lioad, Ricc nf Straltnn, ltix, Rnbinsnn nf W. Fairlee, Itnund, Itnwel, ltiunscy, Pabin, Sanlinrn, Sears, Shnw nf ltnxhury, Shaw nf Tinmnulli, Sheldnn, Simnnds, Sleepcr, Sinith nf Uridport, Suiilh of Lniidnndprry, Smilh of Putupy, XfiMr, Stonp. Nteifl, Tnppnn, Tennpy, Townshend, Tullle, Waenr, U'al.cfield, Wulk'tr nf Whiting, Warner nf Hrislnl, Wnrnor of Fcwbaven, Wnrncr nf Jericho, Wnrrcn, Wofh lnirii, Wecks nf llenuinglnn, I f VcA-t nf Salinhury, Wells, Wheeler nf Montgomery, Wheclcr of Win hall, White. Wilcnx, Wright of Leicester, Wtiglil nf Warren, Young 109. Thnso who votcd iu the ncgative nrr, Mcssrs Aikcn. Alleu nf Wnierhnry, Aiiips, llun crnft, Ilavlies, lligelnw, P.lodectl, Ilotrc. llurbank, Charitnn', Dearbnn.Downcr, Fcrrin, Frriis.Gcorco, Gibsnn, Grac, Ilall nf Dover, llall of Grntnn, Ilall nf Ryegate, llewcs, llnllister, Hovbv, llulch inis, Jnncs nf Itiehmnnd, Ltlllefield, I.nce, I.inu nf Salem, .Marlin, McGnllY, Merrill, Mnrcan, .Mor rill. nvc, Pearcc, Perkins, Itcvunlds, Rnhinnn nf Stnw. S iltord, Sclinlf. Sinilie.'Smilh nflloltnn, Sinith nf Wilmington, Sprngiie. Stow, Thorp, Top liif, Tnwn. Tiirncr, Vilas, Walkcr uf Thelfurd, Wnrdswnrlh 53. Thc voto nn tlic dismissil hnws the teelh nf federnlisui. l'.ven in old fcdcral Mnssachnsells a similnr riiolutinn was, a few xears siuro, intro diiced in ihe Legislniure and p.isscd almnst uuaui mnusly, lnit in Vermont it iiui't bu put down. Ily thc rcsolulion nfMr Smii.ii: tho farmers nnd mcchanic j of llic Statc can spo th.it Iho old farmer is cvcr virilant nnd nclnein tlieir cainc; cvcr hat tling with thoso who wnuld thrust lliem frnni all olliccs of truit nnd emolument und mako them th scrfs of an aristoerncy. N IMIORUF.S OP " ItKMKP." Sinco our last, llio Ilnuso of Rpprcnetntives have pascd nn nct to cnnsumuiale lh rrlicfciflht pcoplc hy taxlng them 20 pcr ccnt. on nll Ihe lca, '.IT!. ..' --i, -l ! .1. CO'JIC, XHCur, oij, iinu iiiiMi uiiii;i ariibii-ii uihcii thcy purchase for tlieir fniiities. It is an nct lo maKC Urc poumlt oj ua cott at murh at tir now fof. It n an act tomakc flcc paundt of coffcc cott m much at six noweost. In cficcl, it lakes for the uo of Gnrcrnmcnt eccru tiilh poundotlm and rofl'cs the farmer nnd mcehanic Iiuvs! How would the farmer or merhnnie liko to mect nt the stnrn duor ns hc enmes out n Inxgntherer whn shnuld lake frnm him ONT SIXTIl Pr nll kt hadbouhtfor his famil , tplling hiin it was ne cpssarv tn cnahle tho vvhijs lo nrrnirp'i'h the "r trcnchmcnland icform" they promiscd beforo thn elcctmn ;