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&AWS-OF NORTH CAROLINA. AN ACT to repeal the 20th section of the Rev. Stat., Executors and Administrators, chapter 46. -Sec. 1. Be it enacted byjhe General Assembly of the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enact- d by the authority of tle same, That the 20th sec tion of the Revised Statutes, chapter 46, Executors and Administrators, be, and the same is hereby re pealed : and alt sums of money, or other estate, of " . . . . I I l 1 I : -1. H k API- whatever kind, wnicnBiiuii now remain, ui "i;"s. after remain in the hands "of any executor or admin-H .jstrator, for four jears after, his qualification as such .administrator or executor, unrecoverea or unreclaim ed, by suit, by the creditors, legatees or next of kin, - or widow of his testator or intestate, shall, "by the said executor or administrator, be paid over to the President and Directors of the Literary Board, for . purposes of common school education. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That the President . and Directors of the Literary Board be, and they are entitled to all the rights, in law or in equity, for ob taining the possession of said estate, mentioned in the 1st section of this act, to 'which the trustees of the University were before the passage of the act. Ssc. 3. Be it further enacted. That this act shall be in force from and after its ratification, i Ratified 28th January, 1851. AN ACT to amend the Inspection Laws. Sec. 1. B it enncteil bv the General Assem blV oi J . . i . the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same. That all ton timber, on the Cape Fear river, and at the several ports belong ing to the same, shall be governed by the following rales of inspection, viz : all sound ton timber, squar ing eleven inches and upwards, and showing heart one half the leneth, shall be merchantable ; and all other tp timber, not being of the description afore said, shall be refused. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That the fees for inspection of ton Umber shall be twenty cents for every thousand feel, and shall be paid by the pur- Sec 3. Be it further enacted. That this act shall be in force from and after its ratification. Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, That all laws and clauses of laws, coming within the meaning and pur view of this act, are hereby repealed. Ratified 28th January, 1851. ' AN ACT relating to Inspectors of Staves. Ssc. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Smto nf North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same. That all laws now in ! H. force, providing for the appointment of inspectors of j staves, be, and tne same are nereoy repeaieu. Ratified 28th January, tHOt.j AN ACT for the further regulation of the inspection of Tar sold in this state. Sbc. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly ol i the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted la tions, by the same laws and restrictions, as are now j the influence of time, of wisdom, of hospitality, of clergymen ponder this question well, and let them provided for the inspection of soft turpentine in this ! a spirit, the reverse of that which a morbid philan- : speak their feelings, and not read them. State, by an act of the General Assembly, chapter j thropy is now showing, and from the prevalence of Another observance should be after the services 57, section 1st, passed a.1 the session of 184C-'7. j the idea, destined we hope to prevail, that the Union are over, remain until all the congregation are gohe, . Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That here.ifter it is fruitful of blessings to all its parts. We do not and still longer, if cold enough for fire; and onleav shall be the duty of the purchaser to pay the inspec- propose now to enter on this branch of the subject; j ing the door keep the mouth steadily shut, not utter- Uon leea on tar anu lurpenune. . Kauhed aatn January, toot.j . ..: i -.. AN ACT to amend an act, entitled " An Act to au- -. - tUrl.. th insnn-tlnn nf nrnvisinna " nassed in the year 1848 9, chapter 43. j Sac. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same. That in addition to the articles of provisions enumerated in said act, it shall be the duty of all inspectors, appointed under said j the States; for it is expressly declared in the Consti act to inspect all hogsheads of bacon imported from jlution, that the powers not granted by it, are reserved : any other State or Territory, under the same rules j to " the States respectively, or to the people." To and regulations as are now provided by law. I intrench up on these reserved powers, is consequently Sec? 2. Be it further enacted, That if any person j a violation of the spirit of the Constitution a disre- " or persons shall sell any article of forage or provis- ( gard of the rights of the States, and an innovation ion, without the same having been inspected, contra- ( certain to end in the destruction of friendly relations, ry to the true intent and meaning of said act, he, she The contest in the Convention about the distribution or they shall, for each and every offence, forfeit and of powers between the General and State Govern pay one hundred dollars, to be recovered before any J ments, was not an unmeaning contest ; it had close justice of the peace in the country where said offence j relation to the great interests of men, interests which ' shall have been committed, and applied one half to are necessarily affected beneficially or hurtfully by . the use of the informer, and the other half to the use ; every departure from them. It is enough for those of the wardeans of the poor ; Provided, That this act ; who object to the exercise by the General Govern shall not apply to any article previously inspected by ment of powers '.eft by the Slates, to say they are not . any inspector of this State ; and provided further, j granted ; they were withheld. But the reasons are that it shall not apply to any county where the coun- j powerful, indeed irresistable, on the part of the whole ty court shall refuse or neglect to appoint such in- South, for objecting to the exercise of such powers, specter. j If tlie Constitution is departed from, what is the in- Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That it shall and j evitable effect 1 It is the assertion of a principle may be lawful for any inspector, appointed under the j which involves a repetition of the danger. The Con " provisions of the before recited act, to appoint a dep- i stitution, from being an instrument whose powers are t uty, whenever the business may require it, who shall clearly defined, whose limits are known, whose eare , - be subject to the same rules and regulations, and for j fully selected words have precision and exactitude, whose official duly the inspector shall be liable. is converted into an instrument which takes its hue . Sec. 4. Be it further enacted. That it shall be the i and stamp, not from the framers of the Constitution, duty of the several inspectors appointed, or who may hereafter be appointed according to the provisions of j the act hereinbefore recited, to brand every barrel, I half barrel or keg, every hogshead, box, firkin, bale j or bundle of provisions or forage which he may in- ; spect. bEC 5. lie it further enacted, 1 hat this act shall , be in force from and after its passage. Ratified 17th day of January, 1851. AN ACT to require purchasers to pay the fees for inspecting turpentine. Sec. 1. Be it enacted bv the General AaKPnihlr nt the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same. That hereafter it shall be the duly ot those who purchase turpentine to pay -tne tees ior inspecting tne same ; any law or usage : - ' to the contrary notwithstanding. Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That this act shall 1 r : . . be in force from and after its ratification. J ' Ratified 28th January, 1851. 1 . - AN ACT concerning Corporations. Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That all companies, societies and bodies of men, which may be incorpor ated and enacted into bodies corporate, shall have power, by their corporate name, to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded ; may hold, possess, acquire - and transfer such real, personal and mixed estates as may be necessary To carry out the purposes of their creation ; shall have perpetual succession, and use a common seal, which each may alter and renew al J pleasure ; shall have power to elect all such office:- as may be necessary ; and to make all such by-laws, rules and regulations as may be be deemed necessa ry, not inconsistent with the laws of this State. , Ratified 22d Jan., 1851. ; AN ACT providing for keeping a Record of Mar riages in this State. Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of North Carolina, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That from and after the ;. t passage of (his act, etery justice of the peace or min ister of the gospel, who may solemnize the rites of matrimony between any. parties in this State, shall, -. within three months thereafter, transmit to the clerk of the county court wherein such marriage may have . been celebrated, a certificate, in writing of the same, endorsed on the license, or otherwise ; which certifi : t cale, so made and returned, the said clerk shall cause to be recorded in a book kept for the purpoae, pro . t v perly indexed, in one month after its reception ; and a v , "uch record, thus made and kept, shall be deemed and held prima facie evidence of snch marriage. Sec. 8. Be it further enacted, That any minister or justice, or any clerk of the county court, who shall fail or neglect to discharge the duties imposed by the preceding section, ahall be subject to a penalty of twenty doHars, to be recovered, en motion to the ceurt ,,-' . J imperative duty it shall be to cause to be en ; forced the penalty incurred by any violation of the provisions of this act; and when recovered, one half -.lobe applied to the. use f the school fnnd of the i ounty, ana tne otner nan to tne use of the poor pt said county. -; J . . Ratified 28th Jan., 1851-1 y , ':. , There is evidently an error here, but it is printed ac , corditfg to' the original In the Secretary's Oflice.. - i . . ..- w - ' s Or?3" " " i M.rfilieNey VqrkTribune estimates the value of the roperty belonging to the city, which, is laid out in pbtte-panM e. w&lli"- R ahr nnn .Th Stbict Construction Th policy by which this country should be governed, is indicated by' the dis turbances which 'attend a departure from the letter and spirit of the Constitution. That great instrument, adopted to meet the exigencies of a few States lying along the Atlantic coast, contains capacities suited to the. vast extension of the country from ocean to ocean. Such indeed was the grand 'design of some of the men who framed it. Their prophetic eyes beheld the vast extension of our country, and their wisdom estab lished those organic features in tue .uonstiiuiiou which, as new States grewinto being, marshaled them into place, to revolveln their orbits with the regular ity necessary tor all the great ends oi numou ment. We owe to those master minds who performed this work on a basis of such grandeur, the deepest gratitude; a debt which should ever be present to our minds in performing the duties which they cast upon those the free citizens of America on - whom the burthens of government fall. To the inhabitants of this populous city, which owes its magnitude to. he framers of the Constitution, is the preservation of that work of the highest importance.: Our relations are with the whole. We have no commanding interest with any particular section North, South, East or West. We stand to the country at large in the rela tion of stake-holders, indifferent between the parts. n..t .. hf mi interest creat bevond expression, in UUt " - - o " . I.. noi-nfltmtv ot tne government . in a peaceiui, w- peaceiui derly, wise and beneficienl I management of ' its con- cerns. i nese reiauuua tun v"'ij m . i r. ..-; all quarters, and acunowiengea. is wis ict owing that that grand movement which originated in New York, in behalf of the compromise measures,- reached, with its healing and peacetul influences, ev- , hamlet ihrnno-hont the broad extent of the corn- i .ml sattliul firowpr and irrevocably the doom of. iiacnnosera. Tlie heat of that conflict is now in some degree over ; and the time has arrived for con- sideringwith mature care by what means the patriot-J ic influence of New York (alas ! that we can yet ; speak only for the city) shall be continued, and the Unin, with all its glories and blessings, preserved. However important may have been and are our rela-; lions with foreign countries, yet the V3St extent of; the United States, its manifold productions, its grow- ing wealth, the extent, the increase and the spread of j luTpopuIation, the variety of interests, and the evident i fact that harmony may be disturbed from the opera- tions or omissions of the government, all show that our dearest and most important interests are at home f , and that attention is eminently due to the means nec- onearv for nreventinir difficulties between the different ; sections of the country. . 1 lie neartournings ana jeai- . J T. .n. a 1 I ousies which have arisen among our States, are due to two causes; the failure to perform parts of the compact, anu uie assuiupuuu u iw jcnriai R'riU nieut of powers not intended to be conferred, i ne former of these, the omission of duties, has under- j: .1 .: r i trone intense uiscussion, on mo uuomiuu ui ucuvn- ing un fugitives irom domestic servituae. onouia the perils of that question finally ie passed without , any other misfortune than the alienation ot (eel ing our present suoject is to present buiub newi in icia- j tion to tne danger oi exercising powers not conierrea. jTwo opposing rules of construction have been ap- plied to the constitution of the United States ; the i strict, and the implied rule, as they are respectively termed. The implied rule extends the powers of the j government over new subjects of legislation; the j strict rule confines them to the powers intended tobei jconierreu. ne assumption oi new powers Dy tne i General Government, necessarily diminishes those of but from the weak miods and temporary interests of I the men who are invested at the time with power, The powers reserved to the States become nolhi ng in their hands, and those safeguards so carefully thrown around the institution of domestic slavery as an institution of State control, are broken down and destroyed, and the fanatic host let in. to riot in now- ei which the framers of the Constitution withheld from their exercise. It is undoubtedly this danger which" has made the South strenuous hitherto, and makes them still strenuous, for upholding the policy of strict construction. It is their outpost, which, if .carried, leaves them exposed to danger. It is an o"tpst which not only they, but we should defend, (The safety of the whole country consists in upholding lne I'Onsuiouon in every part and parcel ot it, with out abatement, without enlargement. We best cul tivate a cordial and habitual reverence for the great and good men who framed it, by letting them speak to mankind in their own language ; by construing its powers as they intended, and by ever recurring to their meaning, as being our rule of action. It limits the powers and duties of the general government to proper objects, weakens that intense action in the way of-expenditure, taxation and patronage, which now so seriously awaken attention ; diminishes that central influence which threatens to absorb all other powers ; extends those of the States and leaves the individual citizen to be as little oppressed by the weight of power as is consistent with order and prop er security to all. N. Y. Journal of Commerce. Aids to Memos?. The common-placing, in the opinion of Johnson, consumed lime without assisting memory. - He held that what is twice read is better remembered than what is transcribed. and he therefore thought it folly to copy from books which a reference enaoies us to consult at will. Uibbon agreed with Johnson. He tried the plan according to the method of Locke, and laid itaside from experience of its dis advantages. Whenever the particulars are scattered and multitudinous, it seems convenient to collect the fragments into a single heap ; and yet Soutliey's con clusions were nearly concident with those of Johnson and Gibbon. It was a lesson, he said, he bad learnt at no little price, that the time it took to make extracts from a borrowed book was worth more than the cost of the work.- What was worse, he discovered too late that the system be pursued was ruinous to mem ory. There is no faculty of the mind more sharpened by use, or more blunted by inaction. . Henderson, the actor, repeated toDugald Stewart, altera single read ing, such a portion of a newpaper, that the metaphy sician thought it marvellous. If, like me," said Henderson modestly, in reply to the exclamations of surprise, " you had trusted tor your bread to getting words by heart, yon would not be astonished that hab it should produce facility." What Henderson would have committed to mem ory Southey committed to his manuscript volumes, and trusted to them so exclusively, that at last he re tained nothing beyond general impressions. Want of practice was not alone the cause of the defeat, His appetite of knowledge exceeded his or any other man's digestion, and he. would have recollected more bad he read less.. . A Jight and rapid pressure of the seal is not sufficient ta indent the understanding with a permanent image. Our rough forefathers were sen- siDie oi tne irutn, anu sometimes stamped the body to assist the mind. There were parts of France where it was custimary to whip the children at an execution, that they might jiever forget it. Marmonjel, in his boyhood, wasaummonedsuddenly to see a salaman der jo the firpi.-; While he was watching it with won der, bis father cava faint a tremendous box on the ear: ".Nbw, said he, y6u will always remember that yon have seen a salamander."- If the salamander wai the fre, young Marmontel might be said, with out a violent figure, .to be in the fry jng-pan,i ' ' : viN USE OF .THE VOICE. "' Unless the effort to speak is painful, or very tire some to the whole body, it Is best use the voice three or four regular times a day, by reading, conversation Of declamation ; to the extent of not making an effort remember this; the moment you 'become - sensi ble of an effort in speaking, cease, tnsanlaneotisj cease i at each exercise of the voice, stop before you are tired ; but gradually increase the time. Do net speak at one hour, or day, much louder or longer then you. did the hour or be .day .preceding; in this way you will gradually invite the natural strength to the voice muscles, just as the. muscles of the other parts of the body, when weakened by disease,' regain their natural power by moderate and greadually increasing exercise, it is generally the trregutar tpea tang, ui it is so injurious to public men making no effort for a day or week, or month, and then all 'at once- deliv; ering a speech, or sermon, or oration.I-By observing these principles,' a man may apeak every day, may every day get better until be is perfectly restored ; the opposite course, or even simple neglect of a slight ehronjc throat ailment will almost inevitably termin ate fatally in consumption. . It is well to remember that nothing is more hurt ful to a well throat, and many fold more so to a dis eased one, and it should be considered seriously diseased if there is nothing more than a very frequent hemming, of effort to clear the throat, or swallow something out of the way, which soon and as often comes back again than continuing to speak when the lungs ore nearly emptied of air ; always get a re supply of breath before the lungs are two-thirds ex hausted of air. iust as vou do in common conversa tion. J Ins will not only aid very materially iuui- iu? the throat complaint, but will cure most cases ot sfammerin?. I have found it of very little utility to attempt to enforce rules for the prevention of disease of any kind, especialy in reference to the lungs and throat ; but as far as clergymen are concerned, I here propose one or two items of observance. Never accustom yourself to drink a drop of water. or chew or swallow a particle of more solid substance while maktng an address, nor immediately before, nor after. Accustom yourself to speak in a eonversahimal tone, with the same earnestness of tone and gesture, as you employ when conversing upon an interesting subject with an attentive listener. This is the true style of real eloquence ; and carries your hearers along with a auiet power, far more irresistible than a louder de- liverv or more frantic gesticulation. It is the still, l it I . .1 and quiet, and subdued tone that carries with it tne deepest and most lasting impression. . Speaking thus no roles are needed ior tne moauiauons oi wo tuicc, or regulation of the respiration. The most natural way of speaking, is to speak without rule; only feel deeply the truth of what you say, and be in earnest in urging those truths, then you will never speak loud nor Inns. No one can ever bring on throat dis- ease, n ne oe gulden Dy tuese principles, opening is a natural tunction, tnJ tne voice organs can no intr a aino-le word until you eet into a room where there is fire ; by thus sending the air to the lungs in a circuitous way, by the nostrils, it is somewhat warmed before it reaches the throat and the lungs, and two sudden shocks are prevented, first in going out into the cold air from the church, and next in coining into a warm room. If the weather is very cold, a handkerchief should be held over the nose, so that thn air PTnirpd ma V mincrle to a certain extent Wltn tne airaooui to oe iiispireu, anu nauuito it. After speaking in a room where there is fire, or in one a little wanner than, out doors, never ride home, always walk, and walk very briskly until the blood begins to circulate freely ; if you live loo far off to walk, remain an hour or so with a neighbor before you start; the object is to prevent a feeling of chilli ness running over you even for an instant. In the course of my life, I have had occasion to sneak two or three times a day lor weeks together in close, crowded, heated rooms, in the depth of winter, and sometimes to go a mile or two to a resting place, and never once during these occasions, caught a cold, or had hoarseness or sore throat. I speak from expe rience and not theory. Believe truly, feel deeply, asd speak sincerely ; and there never will be any need of a long speech, a loud speech, or one that shall strain the voice, or produce Throat Ail. You may be surprised at receiving so many direc tions and precautions in print, besides those afforded in writing, for a throat affection, which in your case may appear almost trival; bull do this, painfully sen sible of the fact, as all experienced physicians are, that these throat affections commence so indsidiously, and proceed so slowly, as often to produce incurable disease, before the patient's attention has been direct ed to his dangerous condition. This is a malady that does not get well by being let alone, but slowly, gradually, and certainly progresses towards an inevi table doom, unless arrested by a wise arid persevering attention to judicious means. Dr. Halt, if Cincinnati, on Throat and Lungs. Bovs out avter Nightfall. I have been an ob server, as I am a sympathizing lover of boys. I like to see them happy, cheerful, gleesome.- I am not willing that they be cheated out of the rightful heri tage of youth indeed, I can hardly understand bow a hightoned useful man can be the ripened fruit of a boy who has not enjoyed a fair share of the glad privileges due to youth. But while I watch with a very jealous eye alt rights and customs which entrench upon the proper rights of boys, I am equally appre hensive lest parents who are not forethoughtful and who have not habituated themselves to close obser vation upon this subject, permit their sons indulgen ces which are almost certain to result in their demor alization, if not in their total ruin; and among the habits I ha e observed as tending most surely to ruin, 1 know of none more prominent than that of parents permitting their sons to be in the streets after night fall. It is ruinous to their morals in almost all in stances they acquire, under cover of the night, an unhealthy and exci'ed state of mind; bad, vulgar, immoral, and profane language, obscene practices, criminal sentiments, a lawless and riotous bearing; 'indeed, it is in the street, after nightfall, that boys principally acquire the education of the bad and ca pacity for becoming rowdy, dissolute, criminal men. Parents in this particular should have a most rigid and inflexible rule, that will never permit a son under any circumstances, whatever, to go into the street after nightfall, with a view of engaging in any out of door sports or meet other boys for social or chance occu pation. A rigid rule of this kind, invariably adhered to, will soon deaden the desire for such dangerous practices. Boys should be taught to have pleasure around the family centre table in reading, in conver sation, and in quiet amusement. Fathers and moth ers, keep your boys at home at night, and see that you take pains to make your homes pleasant, attract ive and profitable to them ; and, above all, with a view of their security from future destruction, let them not become, while forming their characters for life, so accustomed to disregard the moral sense of 'shame, as to openly violate -the Sabbath day, indulging in street pastimes during its day or evening hours. . . A true Friend vf the Boys. ) " Only Me." We copy the following pretty scrap from the last number of the Lady's Book, where it serves as an introduction to some' stanzas ; . " A lady had two children both girls. The elder was a fair child , the younger a beauty, and the mother's pet. Her whole love centred in it. The elder was neglected, while Sweet," (the pet name of the younger) received every 'attention that affection could bestow. One day, after a severe illness, tbe mother was sitting in the parlor, when she heard a childish step upon the stairs, and her thoughts were instantly with the favorite. 1 Is that you. Sweet V she inquired. No, mamma, was the sad, touching reply. it isn't Sweet ; it's only me.' The mother's-beart smote her ; and from that hour, 1 ' only me,' was restored to an equal place in her af- fictions." : ''' - ' i . . Ohio ahd South Carolina.. The two States named above are - pursuing a course tending to the same result, but with a remarkable difference in mo tive. . Ohio goes for disunion in the perpetration of a wrong; South Carolina goes for it in the vindication of a right.' ". Ohio desires to insult and degrade her neighbors:' South Carolina wishes restitution for the past and security from insult and degradation for the ia. .a . rrr-f . - . , '"" rr wnin&ion -ommcrciai. SEMI-WEEKLY STANDARD The Constitution and the Cnlon f the State: . . ' They mail be PreiuTcd. i; '' v . : nPiili E J G II : XT ; SATURDAY, APRIL 13, 1851. F'Mr. C. W. James, No. 1, Harrisoi. Street, Cin cinnatti, Ohio," is our General Travelling Agent for the Western States, assisted by , J. R. Smith, J. T. Dent, Jason Taylor, J. W. Armstrong, Perrin Locke, W. Ram say, Dr. Joshua rVadsworth, Alex'r R. Laws, and A. J. OUIlley. " " - - : " - . : : Mr. Henry M. Lewis, of Montgomery, Ala., is our General Travelling Agent for the States of Alabama, and Tennessee."'.'' .; t.' jf. ? . J ;; ;? Mr. Israel E. James, No. 182, South Tenth Street, Philadelphia, is oor General Travelling-Agent, assisted by Wm. H. Weld, John Collins. James Deering, A. Kirk Wellington, A. Evans, JohaT. Judkins, P. Locke, Jos. Button, Geo. P. Button, and Thos. D. Nice. . QrWe ara authorized to announce the Hon. ABRA- HAMW. VENABLE, as a Candidate for re-election to Congress from the Fifth : District, composed of the Counties of Granville, Person, Orange, Caswell, Ala mance, and Chatham.' ' ' v CUT OFF THE TRADE!; ' Boston, it is said, has lost during the past busi ness season not less than ' one million of dollars in Southern trade, on account of the Abolition senti ments prevailing there. . We rejoice to hear this, not that we would injure her citizens wantonly, but be cause such treatment from Southern men may operate for the general good of the country and the preserva tion of the Union. Boston, and other Abolition coin munities, are now reaping the reward of their evil deeds ; and we trust that a better and a purer condition of sentiment may be produced in those communities, by the very losses they are now suffering. The merchants of the South have a right to pur chase their goods where they may choose to purchase them ; and it is not to be expected that at a time like this, and after what has happened, they will go to Boston, or Lynn, or any other Abolition town or city, and voluntarily make tbeir enemies the recipients of their patronage. The course which many Southern merchants have adopted in this respect, is one way of maintaining Southern rights and of bringing the Norbern people to their senses. It is telling. We hope thejinquiry of the consumer as to whether this or that article was purchased in Boston, or in New York, from a Freesoiler o from an Abolitionist, will soon become as common as it is to ask the price of the article itself. We learn that the patronage of the Abolition bou ses in New York has declined quite fcfTgely of late. and that some of them are well nigh deserted. This is sratifvine'. We cherish no feeling of hatred to- wards the Northern people, and we would not injure them in their business, but for a purpose and with a view vastly above and beyond the patronage or mo ney which may be involved. We speak of these things, and we advise these things, with mingled sorrow and an,;er ; but we do it for their good and ours. Let them look these things in the face, and ponder upon events and facts as they are. Let them learn justice, and common charity, and the wholesome duty of minding their own business. Let them sub' mit, as good citizens, to the Constitution and the law. Until then, aay we, CUT OFF THE TRADE ! ABUNDANCE OF, MONEY. One of the strongest evidences of the abundance of money at this time, is the fact that the Banks are doing little or nothing in the way of discounts. Bus iness men appear, as a general rule, to have a sufficien- ciency of money for all their purposes, without bor rowing; while those who ara blessed with a supera bundance of the w raw material " are seeking for it safe and profitable investments. Monied men are calculating more on getting interest than on paying it; and under these circumstances, we would not be surprised if the State. Bonds, recently put in market by the Public Treasurer, should command a band' some snm above par. . - ; The country is prospering in every department -of . trade and industry. Tbe planters are receiving lair we may say high prices for their cotton, tobacco, corn, ice. ; and when they "are doing well, all other interests are necessarily in a healthy condition. We hope this state of prosperity may not prove either deceptive or of brief continuance. ; It is well, however, to act with prudence and circumspection, as in all probability a change in money matters, and a fall in prices, may not be very far ahead. Nothing may be lost, while a great deal may be gained, or rather saved, by the exercise of prudence and caution. HON. STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS. During the recent visit of this distinguished states man and patriot to this City, on his way from Rock ingham to his home in Illinois, a number of our citi zens without distinction of party, addressed him a leter bidding him welcome to the capital of tbe State, and expressing a wish that he would favor the peo ple with a Speech on public aflairs. ; We publish his reply below : . . . - . i ' ; . . Raleigh, April 5, 1851. Gentlemen : I am greatly indebted to you for your kind letter, welcoming me to the capital of your State, and requesting me to address the citizens of Raleigh, on the public affairs of our country. It would afford me great pleasure to comply with your request, and to avail myself of the present op portunity to make public acknowledgement . of this aod the many other acts of kindness and courtesy extended to ine during my several visits to my rela tives in this Stale. But 1 have already made my ar rangements to leave this afternoon for my residence in Illinois, and will, therefore, be deprived of the pleasure of meeting you in the manner proposed. I have the honor to be, very truly your friend and obedient servant. -; S. A. DOUGLAS. To Messrs. Josiah O. Watson, James T. Marriott, . William D. Haywood, Richard Smith, W. W. Holden, and others. : ' ; We are gratified to learn that the Board of Direc tors of the Institution for -the Deaf and Dumb of this State, have determined to introduce a department for the Blind. This was one of the original objects Of the Institution, but it has' not been deemed expedient or practicable, until now, to adopt the necessary steps to carry it out. See Advertisement in this paper. ' We learn that the Principal of the Institution, Mr. Cooke, is at present on a visit to the North with the view of making arrangements for opening this de partment., .?1'-t"-'. ..' '-: . ' Gov. Reid has appointed His Hon.' Judge Dick to hold the special Term in Martin County, on the fourth Monday of May. v - ' -- John McDowell, Esq., of Rutherford, has been appointed a Commissioner to value Cherokee lands, instead of Charles McDowell, as erroneously stated in a previous number of our paper. -- - : v 1 - " -' . i . , The Petersburg Sooth Side Democrat says, in re ply to one of bur articles on the subject, that Peters burg is not restrained from action in behalf of the Raleigh and Gaston Rail Road by "jealousy of Nor folk," bat that non-action there is " simply the result of apa thy." The Democrat makes a strong appeal to the citizens to come forward with their subscriptions. " j ' ' '- - -i '-.t i . We welcome " B. " to our columns. Cotnmnnica- tions from such a pen, on any subject the writer may -jseUot, will alwaya; be acceptable. :- v-2 - '; ; EXCITEMENT IN BOSTON.N ; ' We stated in our last that a fughive slave by the' name of Siins, belonging to a gentleman in Savan nah, Georgia, had been arrested in Boston ; and that jthe examination was going forward before the Com missioner, amid much excitement. We iay before our readers to-day, all the information on the subject up to the moment of going to press. We copy free ly from the Boston papers, as follows, knowing that bur readers would like to be pot in possession of all the particulars: From the Poston Post, April 4. Arrest or a Fugitive Last N ight. About 9 o'clock last night the United States Deputy marshal. with some assistants, arrested in Kicnraond street a colored manv named Thomas Sims, claimed as the slave of James Potter, of Chatham, Georgia. He .thought he. was taken for being drunk and noisy,, and so dia his companions. He was put into a hack and driven to the court-house, and then, beginning 'to sus pect the trick, raised the cry. of " kidnappers; " and. stoutly resisted being carried into the court-house. t He was, however, soon hustled in, and placed in one of the rooms which belonsr to the United States mar shal, there to be kept until the examination is held. , .From the Boston Daily Advertiser, April 6V Examination of Thomas Sims, the alleged Fugi tive Save of '. James Pollei, before U. S., Commissioner G. T. Curtis. The examination of the alleged fu gitive Sims, who was arrested on Thursday evening, was commenced on yesterday morniner in the U. S. court-room before G. T. Curtis, Esq, U. S. commis- missioner. Seth J. Thomas, Esq., appeared for the claimant, and Charles G. Loring, Robert, Rantoul,' Jr. and Samuel E. Sewell, Esqs., for the defence. Mr. '1 homas produced the le?al papers in the case, shch as the certificate of ownership, power, of attor ney to John B. Beacon, &c. and the warrant upon which Sims was arrested. ' Incidents, &c. At an early houryesterday morn ing a chain was placed (breast high) along the out er edge of the walk around the court-house, and a strong police force were on duty in and around the building as a guard. The court-house was kept clear of nearly all persons, except those having business in the courts or offices, lbroughout the forenoon quite a number of persons remained about the court house, but no attempt at any breach of the public peace was made. . , ' Ufljcer iJutman, who assisted in arresting Mais, received a flesh wound in the thigh, from a knife in the hands of Sims, but he was not aware tbat he had been injured until a considerable time after the arrest had been effected. , . The prisoner is quite an intelligent looking dark mulatto, apparently about twenty-five years of age. and has been in this city about four weeks, and since his arrival had been boarding at a colored seaman s boarding bouse, bept by one Aiken, at a loa Ann St. During the tore part ot last evening, a crowd ot several hundred persons gathered in the court square, apparently from motives of curiosity solely. No se rious disturbance was made by them, although tbey occasionally cheered and groaned as their feelings dictated, upon the ulterenee of sentiments in faver or against sustaining the laws of the land. . The crowd gradually lessened, and at ten o clock, only compara tively few people remained in the. vieinity. The military companies received orders yesterday to hold themselves in readiness for duly at a moment's warning. From the Boston Post, April 5. The Fugitive Excitement. All yesterday a guard cf sixty regular and special officers were on duty within and around the court-house, and by their pres ence prevented any demonstration of violence. One colored man was disarmed of a pistol in Franklin avenue. In the House of Regresentalives, in the forenoon, Mr. Earle, Worcester, moved an order for considering the subject of prohibiting the conveyance of arrested fugitive slaves on railroads ; but General Cushing, by a few remarks, knocked the order in the head.. In the afternoon Theodore Parker addressed a ga thering on the Common. In the Tremont Temple, John Cluer, Rev. Mr. Colver, Wendell Phillips, and others delivered inflammatory harangues. Phillips advised the friends of the slave to arm themselves, and, ,if they could not prevent the carrying off of Sims in any other way, to tear up the rails of the rail roads. Some boys were put out for cheering for Daniel Webster. .. In the evening the mayor ordered out two compa nies of the Boston Regiment, under the command of Maj. John C. Boyd, viz : the New England Guards, Capt. Bradlee, who were stationed in Franklin aven ue, and the Boston Light Guards, Capt. Clark, in Faneuil Hall. ' Up to a late hour last night there was a large ga thering of people in Court square, who amused them selves in a good natured manner by cheering the Constitution and groaning for some of the most noted abolitionists. From the same paper. Report or. the Examination or the Fugitive Sims. . At 9 , o'clock yesterday forenoon . Thomas Sims, mulatto, the alleged fugitive slave, who was arre3ted on Thursday night, was brought before George T. Curtis, esq., U. S. Commissioner, on the complaint of John B. Beacon, agent and attorney of James Potter, of Chatham county, Georgia, alleged owner of the said Sims. Col. Seth J. Thomas appeared as counsel for Mr. Beacon, and C. G. Loring, Robert Rantoul, jr., and S. E. Sewall, as counsel tor Sims. : ,, : - After the complaint and warrant thereon had been read. Col. Thomas proposed to put in the authentica ted documentary evidence brought on by Mr. Beacon, according to the provisions of the Fugitive law. - Tbe counsel for Sims objected to the proceeding with that hearing, on the ground that they had had no opportunity of conversing with Sims, and ascertaining what bis defence was. Mr. Sewall said he believed, if time were allowed, he should be able to show that Sims was free by the laws of Georgia, as . he is by the laws of Massachusetts. - The counsel said, how ever, that they bad no objection to the reading of the Georgia papers, de bene esse. . Colonel Thomas insisted upon bis right to pro ceed with tbe case on the complainant's side by put ting in the proofs. -: : The commissioner said the law required the pro ceedings to be summary, which he understood to mean that they were to be conducted with as much expedition as was compatible with regular judicial proceedings. The object of the requirement proba bly was, that a claimant should not be unnecessarily detained in prosecuting- his claim, and thereby be put to large expense. , But whenever legal and prop er grounds for delay were shown, it would be gran ted in this as in. any other judicial proceeding. He saw no reason why the claimant's proofs should not be put in forthwith, and if the defence were not pre pared to go. into the cross-examination, it could be deferred until all the written and oral testimony had been put in by the other side. . ' ' " - ,CoI..Thomas now proceeded to the power ef at torney given to Mr. Beacon by James. Potter, and authentication thereof. Next the desposition of John Williamson,-Adam Short, Edward Pendergast, and M. Sheftoll, jr., all of Chatham county, Georgia, de scribing Sims, and declaring that they had long known him as the property of James Potter, planter, of said county, and that he escaped in February list. . Covering these affidavits was the prescribed cer tificate of Henry R. Jackson, judge of the superior court of the eastern distrirt of the State of- Georgia. He certifies tbat the said Potter, " having by suoh witnesses thoroughly and, satisfactorily made out said ownership of said slave and said escape,' and having also proved by said witness tbe general description of tne saia siave wttn sucn, convenient certainty as might be," he causes the necessary papers for the re clamation of Sims to, be made out, authenticated, and furnished to the said Potterraa provided by the stat-nte- v " ' . .; ' :. .,.: I -...: ' The counsel for the defence gave notice that they had weighty objections to offer at the proper time to tbe legal sufficiency of the authentication of the pow- er oi attorney, the depositions, ana otner certinea pa pers. y : v -v.: '' ' ' r . The oral testimony was commenced by calling Ed ward Burnett, who testified that he belonged to Sa vannah ; that he knew Sims there j bad known bim some ten months, and that, bis name was Thomas Sims; had worked on the same scaffold with him at bricklavihfir some months t worked with him last Auornat and SeDtembeff had. while workinff with hint, asked him. whether be was a slave or free. He sain ne was a slaveand belonged to i James d rice-planter. Ir, Potter liveJ some ten n, . "i ti.Hes out from Savannah. , Witne ss knew V 1,1 mother and sister; they had told him slaves of Mr. Potter., Sims had said be had t H wages to bis master; it was $10 a month 0pii,H abouts, i Witness knows Mr. Potter, personal! The next witness called was John B.-r '" agent and attorney of Pouter; and he testified lows ; I know the prisoner as the property 0f j Potter. I have Known bim ten years, He larger part ot.ihat 'time: witu his mother, -i r,111 within sixty or seventy rods of them. H lived received his wages.and paid.iem over to M, CL- .l !' n . .. . ' roil.. won, She did so with the wages ot all the childreru -a rra n rrm pnt urn mails frtr hop KonAfir T i 1. a - w v. 4 nare t. present at his mother's when Sims had account!1 Mr. Potter for his wages. Have been present v Mr. Potter has demanded the payment of Sin..,,rto ges of his mother. Sims left on the 22d or p t ry, and.I understood be .went oS in- a, wagon, be had gone his mother told me that if 1 fonn. whether it was in a slave State or a fre free s7." bring him back, for God's sake.i j to .Colonel .Thomas said he had another l tier wnir. . for -the present would rest the case for the enJ Ti - ' tW' w" - - ' - - . - - . """Plain. ant here. The commissioner inquired of the counsel f0 defence if they were prepared to go into the croJL?18 ami nation. ' " , Mr. Sewall replied in the negative, and asked a postponement till Tuesday. Colonel Thomas strongly objected to surh.i delay. .r . -, Mr. Sewall said tbat, not having bad an onD nity to consult with the prisoner, they did not t what bis defence was. r ' '' "Mr. Rantoul said they had no experience ondenu law. The most important points rising under it u not been discussed, here or elsewhere, to his tn i edge. It was novel in its general character, and eo plicated in'its provisions, and' could not be thoroiiihT considered in less time than bad been suggested w his associate. Each link in the chain of the auth lication of the papers would have to be minntelv' amined and tested by the established rules of h applicable to such questions. ' '- The commissioner said that he saw no unr-v, .. . difficulty in the way, there being three very eminent counsel engaged in the defence. Mr. Rantoul replied that the numher nf.n i was not favorable to despatch in consultation al though it might impart a grerter degree of confidence !f' in the conclusion as to the law, which thej mightar. rive at, and present to the consideration of the court! ' ' Mr. Loring said he had no learning nor einpri.. in such law as the one under which the proceeding were being had. ' . . 1 ' . The commissioner said he was jlisDoseil in i-;.. I the counsel sufficient time. ' He could only gather from what had been said by them, that they did no! yet know what the prisoner's defence was. Thai was the only ground which he had heard suggested that he could judicially act upon, and he ihoniHit twenty-four hours would be sufficient to ascertain the nature of the defence. He wished it to be under stood that he considered the enquiring in the grounds of defence by the counsel to be a distinct matter froa preparing to argue the defence. , When the heariw should have reached that point, and time should I asked for .'such preparation, he would then take tit question .of .further delay into consideration. After some further conversation ot an explanata nature, the commissioner explained the further beat ing of the case until ten o'clock this forenoon. Sims was now remanded to the room in the cogrt house which he occupied on Thursday night under the' direction of the United States Marshal. Pending tbe hearing before the Commissioner, one of the lawyers for the slave went before the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, and applied ton writ of habeas corpus, which, was unanimously rifuui. During the excitement, this lawyer, Mr. Sewell, was arrested, confined for a time, on account of im proper and violent conduct towards the Deputy Mar shal, Mr. Kiley, and then released. Mr. Fletcher Webster, son of Daniel Webster, Was also attested as the result of a misunderstanding. . About the time the cry of " Kidnappers " was raised, an alarm of fiie was given ; and Mr. Webster, thinking with the Mar shal, that the bells were being rung for the purpose of summoning the Abolitionists to a rescue, request ed one of the watchmen to cease ringing. An alter cation, ensued, and Mr. Webster, who was on tbe side of law and order, was arrested. He soon gate bail, and was released. In the Legislature ot Massachusetts, on Friday, thi following Resolution was presented : ' " Resolved. &c. That the nse of the State-houH yard be granted to tbe citizens of Massachusetts, to bold a public meeting in the afternoon, to take ints consideration the arrest of abilizen of Massachusetts, under the operation of the Fugitive Slave law, and devise proper and legal measures for the defence and protection of citizens of Massachusetts." Mr. Cushing, ol Newbury, spoke in opposition to the petition, and moved thai it be laid on the table. Mr. Keith, of Roxbury, moved that it be laid under the table. The motion to lay it on the table was car- , ried by 149 yeas to 113 nays. The meeting of those ; opposed to the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave law , was accordingly held on the Common. We find the following account of it in the Boston Daily AdvtrluLT f of Saturday morning; ,1' " Agitation against the FuorTive Slave Li-1 T, nrlll kn -nnn k, nnr I .orriclnlilTA rpnnrt that Mr. 1 - Earle presented a petition asking for the use of the State-house yard for a public meeting. The follow ing is a copy of the placard which called together tbe assemblage, which in not receiving the right to 08e the State-house grounds came together on the Common : ' Public M beting Kidnappers in Boston. Wen of Boston, one of your fellow-citizens was last night . filnvA-hunters. He is ia most imminent, I. The citizens of Boston and its neigh- hnrhnxil ara arnft&iv invited to assemble withonl arms in front of the State-house, at four this (Friday) nftarnnsin In nnnan It for the Dublic POOd." The meeting- was at no - time a large one, and it soon adjourned to the Tremont Temple, which w ifii-j nu. i f" Mi- Phil- aoout one-tnira uneu. iiu ciiajuwiw vi - lips and Mr. Colver, on the Common, and their suc cessors in the Temple, did not succeed in getting "P much enthusiasm against the quiet and ordinary a- niniatrafifin if tilA laWB. - t -. lUIIIIOUUiivu w. . Rev. Theodore Parker was the first speaker at u Temple, and during bis remarks expressed tbe hops that all present would in their hearts hold every man who aided in the arrest or detection of any alleged f.irritiva alava B intamon. Pnr his- oWn Dart, uft would hold them as most infamous. He would not encourage personal violence; but three kidnappers, three stealers cf men, were here from Georgia. They were known, and they could be followed in tne streets, and pointed out by those who knowthem, slave-hunters. One fugitive slave was now udu arrest, said Mr. Parker, and be would pledge his hon or,1 as a man, that he bad good reason to oeueo three more were to be arrested; and all that his hearer had to do was to to govern themselves according J A man named Melleri, who al way interrupts in try ing to aid such meetings, attempted to speak; tm amid much -confusion, be was pulled down opon seat on the rostrum, . : John C. Clue followed in a short, violent speec?, .lorinir that an 'lrino- ha Knt a shelter, howew poor it might be, he would share it with the hunjea fugitive. He also spoke in no very eommeuu- in remarks relating to that gentleman, when one called for . three groans for Daniel Webster, but, instead, crgroans, the call, was responded v , Rev. Nathaniel Colver made some commenU i p what he was pleased to term the infan,0U,gl8Tv1i.t and said be would hold himself bound to wj"' disobedience to that law.' He considered the around, -the court-house j tbe statements sent " ington relative tpthe recent escape of a r9 ooliti the President's" proclamation, a lie done ,0 cal effect; - In again aiiuqing to tne - """TV" ,ji D thA anoaVA, ain na wouiu untouc-T - could to'sbield the fugitive. He was jo-itive. He was under no mor time al hl!Tatioii to obey that law ; bat at the n he did not advocate personal volence. B that when 4he meeting adjourned, it wouio bo around the coort-baase outside of the c- j!9nof hour to which the examination of the fagi wfet jtb poned, and that tbe street would be filled, ano seen where the railrosd or Bteamboat : fle convey freewarMnW the chains ottW7' ' . . .-. ! ,1 ! ' " ' ' L.IUUI t -i