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I horrible Crimes Perpetrated by the SulLan's BashiBazouks^-""^ I There is no political turmoil In Turkey in which the Bashi-Bazouks are bot permitted and encouraged to take |he star role in the bloody drama of Iffairs. So thoroughly is this recog ed that their name has come to be ^Aocymous with bloodshed, their gKence the gruesome forerunner of ^H?rtain harvest of death. Even Mpg the Turks themselves their com|2^R designation has come to be .>1Util \UI'U1 yjL illc iil^ui;, uuu ost obdurate and refractory child i and becomes obedient at the whisper of that awful name, lough known as irregular sol" -* ? 1 '' / "? - ' * ** Jjv.. V* -v..n [CHIEF OF THE iiers or guerilla^, and paid solely by |e plunder they are always sure to ?^4hey are the Sultan's chosen inBruicents when It becomes his iinlerial pleasure to wreak wholesale vengeance upon any of his Christian subI - -Lm - n^u 1-~ i Iras me r>;isui-i>az(juus ici the Greeks at Scio in 1822 d that fair island of gares, while 23.000 people met ingle day and 30,000 women l were carried off aud sold o the scandal of Christenirkish war with Russia in nds of Bashl-Bnzouks were from their homes in the >f Asia and turned upon s Christian population of lulgaria, massacring dver teni in the month of June as at this time that a whole of children were killed at e bodies of the victims, tothe school house, burned MmEHHjHwg^Hroyers. Bashi-Bazouks, armed rifles by command of tbe IflSgBMpuraiii, though in defiance of the Ber-treaty, who began the awful Armenian massacres at Sassoun in 1804. nRS^P 'For twenty-three days the work of carnage was permitted to go on in that Hfijg single district, village after village being wiped out of existence, while 10,000 people?men, women and little jflra* children?were put to death with every conceivable torture. In one village all the young men were tied hand and KB toot, laid in a row, covered with brushHaro iWood and burned alive. Others were seized and hacked to pieces; little chilHlWii wai?a nnf In f t*?a n ml In fn/1 uivu rv^jx^ lui iii ivtu uiuiiiait'U, " IBASHI-BAZOUKS and young girls outraged in the presence of their /amilies. On the last day Of August, the anniversary of the Sultan's accession to the throne, a speech [tvas made to these ensanguined butchers by Zekki Pasha, the Turkish general, urging them to redouble the slaughter in honor of the day. So well did they act on this suggestion that; after the war many of them boasted Of having killed a hundred Christians apiece. The Ba&hi-Bazouk, Indeed, 4 takes pride in his prowess and of the part he plays in the extermination of the Christians. In an interview with E. J. Dillon, the war correspondent, a notorious Bashi-Bazouk, after narrating several adventures of his, in the course of whici* He dishonored Christian women, killed Armenian villagers, robbed and looted from right and left, vront nn tr? snv: "We did trreat deeds after that, deeds that would astonish the twelve powers to hear told. We attacked villages, killed people, gutted houses, taking money, carpets, sheep and women, and robbed travelers. Daring and great were our deeds, and the mouths of men were full of them." Who are these Bashi-Bazouks who pride themselves on being such mighty men of valor, calling themselves "Lords i of the Hills?" They are Kurdish nomads, descendj ants probably of the ancient Carduj chii who occupied the mountainous J eastern border of the Assyrian Empire in the time of its glory. While there are many different tribes or clans among the Kurds, they may * f. I - ' . ........ . .. -v r^1 , vv.V'v BASHI-BAZOUKS. 1 be divided roughly iu two general divisions, the nomads, lawless and brutal, to which belong the Bashi-Bazouks, meaning literally "crazy heads," and I tlln PArfo DilKlftrtf llfflc n'hrt (IfO iiit oci 10 oucrjcvw avuivao, ?? U\y u&v merely stolid, stupid peasants, content with tilling the soil in the most rudimentary way. but displaying wonderful skill in weaving rugs. The nomadic Kurds never work, but depend upon the Armenians, as a parasite does upon a plant. When not upon the actual warpath, and nothing fuore than ordinary brigandage is going on. the chief of each tribe comes down from the mountains every spring at the head of his men to collect tribute of the Armenian villages in sheep, mules, rugs, stockings, or anything else that takes his fancy. XAI1 of their wheat and grain they get from the Armenians, who are forced to support themselves and the Kurds, and at the same time pay taxes to the Turkish Government. They are all very fond of finery, and never hestitnte to avail themselves of any opportunity for adding to their store. They bOem to know by intuition when an Armenian girl is getting her wedding finery together, and often appear at the last moment to snatch her wedding garments, fashioned with such loving cnre; then off to the hills with their ill-gotten booty. If the Armenians ever dare to make a complaint they are oftener than not thrust into prison themselves with the words. "All Armenians are liars. The Kurds are the Sultan's war.iors. To do this is their right." The only time that these "crazy heads" are ever punished is when they are Indiscreet ^ ? IN FULL UNIFORM. enough to hold up some wealthy Turk or insult a Turkish woman. It is from among these men that the Sultan has drawn his notorious Hamidieh Cavalry, called by his own name, and provided with uniforms and arms. While the unvarying rule of the Turkish Government has been to send Its soldiers far away from their own homes for active service, a conspicuous exception has been made in their |case. woiie tney nave special Dar-| racks fitted up for them in Constatr tinople, they are permitted in times of peace to remain in their own mountains, where they are authorized to act as police. The effect of this is to give them absolutely unlimited opportunity to plunder with the result of bringing into bold relief the worst elements In the Kurdish character. While the Kurds are Moslems in religion, and largely under the influence of dervishes, no sense of religious duty or patriotism animates them in their guerilla warfare. They go forth to battle simply as locusts t9 devour the spoil. Of this fact the Turkish Government is thoroughly cognizant, and when the Government, at Its own expense, armed and transported these fiends in to Macedonia their very presence gave the lie to the promised reforms. To-day finds the Bashi-Bazouk in his element. Licensed by the Sultan, furnished for the first time with the uniform of the regular army, provided with the latest military equipment and protected by the Turkish soldiery, he has already begun his nopnlml r\t Hfonaa nnrt hlnnrlehpri looking to the utter extermination of the Christians, who, driven to desperation, have at last turned against the iron heel o? the oppressor.?New York Commercial Advertiser. Head of Napoleon's Horse Cast of Marengo, Bonaparte's Favorite Charger. The Boston Globe publishes an interesting photograph of the cast of the head of Napoleon's favorite charger Marengo. The cast was procured by Sculptor Cyrus E. Dallin in Paris. Marengo was a large white Barbary steed of extraordinary symmetry an<l grace of limb, brought from Egypt, where he had been capturcd in a fight with Mamelukes, ii; 1799. Napoleon rode him i'or the first time the following year it tha battle of Marengo, and that famous victory sug gested the name he bestowed upon him. Marengo is said to have figured in many of the great warrior's subsequent battlesl including Austerlitz, Wagram, Jena and "the deadly Waterloo." After Napoleon had been sent to St. Helena Marengo was purchased bj an Englishman, in whose establishment he remained till he died, about 1S23. Sculptors aud artists vied with each other for the privilege of executing portraits of Marengo in England, and to-day two of his hoofs are preserved in London, in the shape of snuff boxes, one in St. James' I'alace, residence or Prince George of Wales. "the othf-r in some army club bouse. The rest of tbe skeleton is mounted in tbe ltoyal United Service Institute. Marengo is said to be tbe charger that is*so magnificently portrayed by Meissonier in the picture called "181?." In which the Emperor appears alone, "sitting on his horse on the crest of a hill, gazing moodily before him. For Dressing a Belt*. A new device for applying dressing to leather belts is being introduced. It consists of a roller at the end of a case, into which a cake of dressing is , , ? 1 I. m I ? ~ TfT*?/, n?ir m T\T)t?aorvn run A XT IT JU X XI> L* inserted and "is kept in place by a spring follower, which keeps the cake of dressing in contact with the roller at all times. When tbe moving belt engages the roller it causes It to revolve rapidly and rub against the cake of dressing on the inside of tbe case. By this means the dressing is applied to the belt very evenly and quickly. Cream to Burn. Two little girls were engaged in an animated discussion as to flie merits of their respective homes. "Well, anyway." said one little maiden in a triumphant tone, "you may have more bedrooms than we have, but we have more cream than you do. W6 have enough for our cereal every single morning." "Pooh!" said the other, "that't nothing. We own a Jersey cow. and we get a whole cowful of cream twice every day."?Lippincott's. IhA Prinre of Mont^enecrrn I p. . , ' v * <' I <TS ' j * * r ; o Reminiscent of Hugo. One of the Interesting Relics in the Great Writer's House. Thanks to the devotion of M. Paul Menrici, his friend and literary executor. says the Paris correspondent of the London Graphic, Victor Hugo has now his museum in Paris in the house he lived in for so many years in the Place des Vosges. In the case of the great French writer the task of getting together several hundred articles of " poet's wobk table^ interest has proved a comparatively easy one. This is due to the fact that Virt-nr TTnrrn irns nnt nnlv n BTpat au tlior, but was also an artist?and particularly a caricaturist?of talent, and a wood carver and cabinet-maker of skill. The bouse in the Place des Visges Is. therefore, filled with interesting relics of the master. One that is regarded with.the greatest respect is the writing table at which he wrote nearly all his masterpieces. This is in Louis XIII. style, and is very high, for Victor Hugo always wrote standing. Another desk is interesting from its associations. This is the one on which are placed four inkstands and four pens. These belonged to Lamartine, Alexandre Dumas, Georges Sand and Victor Hugo himself. In front of each is the framed autograph, covered with glass, of each writer. Probably the most interesting pnrt of the museum is the furniture made by Victor Hugo. He was in the habit of taking pieces of carved wood which lie picked up here and there, and cpmbining them into furniture o: the most fantastic shapes. The results were often more bizarre and curious than artistic. Stove Improvement A comparatively small percentage of the heat of any stove having direct flue connection with the outside air, nrvnliAo fA oil flinl nil O M/1 POO 1 r? UIV.U <A?/|/ixto X.XJ Utl LUUI VI? UMU VVM* stoves, becomes available for useful heating. Most of the heat passes up the chimney or flue. With oil stoves it is different. All the heat developed by the burning oil radiates into the ^pjlf INCREASES THE BADIATINO SURFACE. room and furnishes useful heat o? is utilized in cooking. In order to In crease the efficiency of the first class of stoves, Philip S. Spiller has designed a stove which greatly increases the radiating surface, and, accordingly, extracts more useful heat from the oil burned. This object is attained by providing a circular flue encircling the entire stove. To still further increase the radiating surface and insure the hot gases produced by the flame, which is locatea in tnis passageway, passing entirely around the stove before escaping to the flue, a deflector is placed in the heat passage. The effect is to divide the heat passage with a division wall, deflecting the hot*gases from the flue until such time as they have completed the entire circuit of the stoves. These are usually built in O-shape, and may be adapted for house-warming or for cooking or hot-water heating. THE "NEW CANADA This illustration, says London Answers. tells more convincingly than would many columns of letterpress why the eyes of the land-hungry all over the world are turned to the Canadian West. The square. C C. represents the totaS area of the Province of Manitoba, and C|| S3 ? the Territories of Assiniboia, Alberta and Saskatchewan?270,000,000 acres In all. The shaded square, B B, shows the area of land good for fanning? 135.000,000 acres; while the black square, A. is the land at present under cultivation?4,000,000 acres. The black centre of cultivated land is but a dot on the great expanse of land suitable for tillage. From that little black dot over a million bushels of various sorts of grain were reaped last year. What ...til 11. - l.n ....Anl- 41... ... 1. ~ I Will Ult: Ilil I > vol Ut? \\ lltril IUU \\ 11U1U area oomos under the plow? The error of an astronomical chronometer Is rarely greater than two onehundredths of a second. Permission to reside in Canada has been given to a large number of British Reservist3. f WRECK OH THE SOUTHEBH Train Plunges at High Speed From Trestle Into a Stream, MAIL COACHFS ARF nFMfll ISHFft <?nt of ft Crew of Sixteen Half a Score Were Killed and the Other* Injored? ' Locomotive and Cars, Dashed Upon Rocks, Crushed Into Pieces?Tragic Scene* Attended the Accident. Charlotte, N. C.?While running at a high rate of speed train No. 97, on the Southern Railway, the southbound fast mail train, jumped from a trestle seventy-five feet high, half a Eille north of Danville, Va., and was almost demolished. Of the crew of sixteen men, including mail carriers, on the train, nine were killed and seven Injured. The dead are: J. A. Eroady, of Saltsvllle, Va., engine driver; A. G. Clapp, of Greensboro. N. C., fireman; J. T. Blair, of Danville, Va., conductor, and J. L. Thompson, of Washington, D. C.; W. T. Chambers, of Midland, Va.; D. T. Florry, of Nokesvllle, Va.; P. N. Ardanwrlght, Mount Clinton, Va., mail clerks; a flagman named S. J. Moody, of Raleigh, N. C., and a boy of twelve years, son of J. L. Thompson. The express messenger, W. F. Plnkney, remained uninjured. The injured are: Louis W. Spiers, Manassas, Va.; Frank E. Brooks, Charlottesville, Va.; Pereival Indenmauer, Washington: Charles E. Reames, Culpeper, Va.; Jennings J. Dunlap, Washington, D. C.; M. C. Maupin, Charlottesville, Va., and J. Harrison Thompson, S>t. Luke, Va., mail clerks. All of the injured men arc seriously hurt and hav,e been taken to the hospital in Danville. The recovery of J. .1 .11. ~i opierts 13* nut e.\peuieu huu uiuer cierKH are thought to have received fatal injuries. Tke trestle where the accident took place is 500 feet long, and is located on a sharp curve. Brodie, the engine driver, was a new man on that division of the Southern, and it is said he went to the curve at a high rate of speed. The engine had gone only about fifty feet on the trestle when it sprang from the track, carrying with it four mail cars and an express car. The trestle, a wooden structure, also gave way for a space of fifty feet. At the foot of the trestle is a shallow stream with a rocky bottom. Striking this the engine and the cars were reduced to a mass of twisted iron and steel and pieces of wood. As the cars tvuiit uuwn mey mi ms siues ui me I Riverside Cotton Mill, which is very | closfc.to the trestle. Several thousand persons were soon at the scene of the wr?ok. No one on any of the cars had made an effort to Jump, and the bodies of all those killed were found in the wreckage of the different cars to which they belonged. Women who drove to the wreck from Danville fainted at the sight of the bodies. It seemed miraculous that any one should have escaped death, for every car completely collapsed after striking the rocks at the foot of the trestle. The express matter in the express car was practically destroyed except six crates of cananry birds. None of the birds was hurt, thousrh the crates were in the thickest of the debris. All unofficial opinions agree in giving only one cause for the wreck?the high speed of the train on the sharp curve. The train was running about an hour behind time. It is believed that the cnjrine driver, being-unfamiliar with the road, did not take into consideration the danger of coming on the curve with such great velocity. The mail bags in the mail car were torn open and the letters and packages were scattered, but it is believed none is lost. Fire, which appeared in the wreckage shortly after the accident, was quickly extinguished by the Danville Fire Department. In loss of life it was one of the most serious wrecks that have taken place on tue ?outnern. it is tne rn:ra time that a fast mail lias been almost entirely demolished. The ill-fated train was the regular mail train which carried mail from eastern points to the West and Southwest, coming over the Southern Railway from Washington to Atlanta. No passengers were carried on the train between the two points, the train being made up of an express car and, three or four mail cars. TEACHERS BECOME MOTORMEN. It Fays Better In Ohio?So Eight School* Remain Unopened. Springfield. Ohio.?There are eight township schools in this county?in Mad River, Moorefield and Harmony townships?that have not been opened this fall and cannot be opened until teachers are secured. There is a dearth of teachers, due to the fact that the salaries paid are considered insufficient. It is said that many teachers in the rural districts have deserted the country and come to the city to take places as motormen and conductors on the street railway because the pay is better. A. B. Graham. Superintendent of the Township Schools, said the trouble is due largely to the fact that the poorest workman on the streets receives as much on the average as the country teacher. Klff Contract For Fuel Oil. The State of Texas contracted with tlio Higgins Oil Company, of Beaumont, to purchase (50.000 barrels of fuel oil to be used in the State charitable institutions. The price is said to be thirty cents per barrel. Trusted Employe a Suicide. William S. Mills, r.ioney order clerk in the office of the Southern Express Company, at Nashville, lenn.. was found dead in a room in a uotel with an empty morphine bottle by his side. Investigation of his books has revealed a shortage of less than $200. He had been a trusted employe of the Southern Express Company there for more than twenty years. Texns llus Good Cotton Crop. Texns railway officials report favor* ably on the cotton crop in that State. State Troubles Grieve Francis Joseph. The text of a royal autograph letter, re-entrusting Count Iledervary with the formation of a new Cabinet, was published at Budapest, Hungary, in a upecial issno of tlio Gazette. In it the Emperor-King. Fronds Joseph, says he is deeply grieved at the deplorable circumstances which hinder the working of the state machinery. To Fight Parks. President Eidlftz, of the Building Employers' Association, of New York City, says the fight against Sam Parks (will be continued to the bitter end. B1H0R EVENTSOFTHEWEEKP S WASHINGTON ITEMS. The Treasury Department purchased 240,000 ounces of silver at fifty-nine and three-auarter cents Der ounce. The * purchase was made for the Philippine coinage. The Bureau of Immigration reports a heavy increase in immigration to the United States for Apgust, 1903. as com- * pared with August, 1902. The total 5 number of immigrants was G^,977, g against 45,549 a year ago. Many members of the general staff t declare there Is no present need for the J Board of Ordnance and Fortifications. The board was created by special act ~ of Congress, and can only be abol- t ished by Congress, and an effort .will e be made to secure such action. c The State of Minnesota filed a peti- ' tlon for an appeal in its suit against iuc iwi IUCLU wcv, unuto wuipaii/. j* Senator Foraker and Representative c Dick, who arrived in Washington, ex- t pressed confidence of Republican vie- u tory in Ohio. 8 OUB ADOPTED ISLANDS. g Sixty thousand children began school: J attendance in Porto Rico, and thrice * that number of enrollments were re- ? ported. t An American syndicate has started ] the construction of forty miles of elec- 9. trie street railway at Manila, extend- " Ing through the business section and _ the principal suburbs. The system will cost $3,000,000. d The Philippine Government has en- J acted a law for the education of a r i number of Filipino youths in the Uni- c i ted States. Its primary object is to d fit young natives .for positions in the c oivil Rprripp thp PhUinnlnes One n hundred are to be sent c Attorney-General Knox rendered an " opinion that the Constitution did not follow the flag In Guam, and upholding p the action of Governor Leary In exer* d cising the right of eminent domain. e r DOMESTIC. h Under the electric Instalment "L* P earnings in Manhattan have increased " $463,000 in three months. ? A petition filed by the Delaware In- e dians in the United States Court of s Claims accuses members of the Dawes Commission of deliberately conspiring ? to defraud them. c Samuel A. Wilson, seventy-seven fi years old, was killed by a trolley car & at Baltimore. Md. Mr. Wilson retired l> from the Methodist Episcopal ministry ? a number of years ago. ? D. W. H. Moreland, ex-Commissioner of Public Works, of Detroit, has been indicted on charges of defrauding the city. Five other persons, employes of f, the Public Works Department or con- i tractors, were indicted also. r An ordinance recently passed by the F City Council of'Cleveland, Ohio, fixes f single fares at three cents, five tickets t for fifteen cents, nine tickets for twen- ij ty-five cents and thirty-four for $1. t Blast furnqce3 in Pittsburg and Ohio ^ using Lake Superior ore are to close 0 until the market recovers. The women of Kansas have elected * the majority of the 2000 school boards In the State, making their campaign j on the issue of a more liberal contract r for women teachers. s The political campaign in Iowa was ^ opened for the Republicans with a S speech by Governor Cummins at Des v Moines, in which he expressed views i an the tariff question practically in B harmony with those of President o Roosevelt. - ' ? "Sam" Parks split the convention of \ I che International Association of Bridge c | and Structural Iron Workers at Kan- \ I ?as Citv. Mo. nnd held a rurnn conven- f c tion which disbarred a delegate op- I oosed to him. E President Schurman in addressing v the students at the opening of Cornell i University at Ithaca, N. Y., declared I that the faculty was determined to suppress hazing. Two lives were lost and several perjons were Injured in a hotel fire in f N'ew Hampshire. J,1 The Republican municipal conven- p tion at San Francisco, Cal., nominated s H. J. Crocker for Mayor. * G The commission appointed by Presi- ? flent Roosevelt to investigate condl- t tions at Ellis Island Immigration Bu- d reau started its work. c Burglars secured about $1000 worth of stamps from the postoffice at South c Hadley, Mass., but there was no j money in the safe. a jiueu uiree times ana eacn ume.nav- ~ Ing tried to kill herself, Mary Evakery * succeeded in dying in New York City n by inhaling illuminating gas. e The pay roll of the Pension Pay ^ Agency, at Topeka, Kan., was about P 5G0.000 less for the quarter just ended 0 than for the same quarter of last year. Epilepsy, hitherto considered incurable, yields to X-Ray treatment at.the Post Graduate Hospital, New York j City. t The United States Immigration Bu- * reau accused the American Textile f Company, of Pawtucket. R. I., of vio- J lating the contract labor law. 0 FOREIGN. f h Cuba s present revenues from ah n /sources approximate $17,000,000 per t year. , t A triple drowning accident is re- v ported from the Bow River, Blackfoot j] Indian reservation, N. W. T. Sergeant 0 Brooks, of the Northwest Mounted Po- I linn, a ,1 r\.... H a. ucaupic uiiu ~ all of Glelchen, attempted to cross tbe 6 river when tlieir team was swept away. Some of the most important new ^ buildings going up in Lrfndon are in n the hands of American and German q architects. Plague and cbolera are raging at PelTang. China, where 2U<>0 deaths have T occurred during the past two months. e A severe storm swept over the northern coast of Portugal. Two fishing t boats, containing seventy-two men, r were wrecked. Sixteen of the fishermen were drowned. o The Sultan of Morocco ordered all foreigners except the consuls to leave Fez. t The Portuguese Government has de e cided to establish a special police force 1 at the Azore Islands to prevent the so 6 cret emigration to the Tlnifpd Shitoe o Premier Bnlfour gave reasons.for the decision of Great Britain to take no ac- f tive part in the settlement of the Mace- ] donian troubles. American mails were delayed at Liverpool. owing to a dispute between the postoftice and the London and North western Railroad. Advices from tko West Indies said that great distress was prevalent 'it; several British islands, and the Gov eminent was blamed for withholding aid. King Edward is taking a leading pari in selecting new Cabinet Ministers, desiring that, steps be* taken to remcdjf the arav scandals. . ; Vi|j HE GREAT .DESTROYEB iOME STARTLING FACTS ABOUT THE VICE OF INTEMPERANCE. sanity From Alcohol ? Very Valuable ToitlmanT nn Thla Point Found In Re port of Connecticut Aiylnm-Impor* X ^ tance of Temperanc? Teaching. Very valuable testimony oa this point is ound in the seventy-ninth annual report f the Retreat for the Insane aI Hartford, "onn. The Superintendent, Dr. Henry P. !teams, in discussing: the question, sqys: "You will further observe from th? ables of statistics appended that in no . ;8s than twenty-one of the admissions? hat is, in more than seventeen per cent. ?tlia inaaniftr waa tVimiflrVlf fA KavP KapTI aused bv the abuse of alcohol. This may >e a higher per cen*. of such cases thaa xists in some State institutions, but it orreaponds quite accurately with our own lUtcry (seventy-nine years) in this repect. "In fact, alcohol plays eo important a ole in the production of insanity and rime, especially in cities and large towns, hat society should use every means to edicate the rising generation as to the daner attending its use as a beverage. "The effects of alcohol upon the ele* lents of the nervous system are much. reater before twenty years of age thaa fterward. The brain is more sensitive to . , ' he effects of all .toxic influences during tha eriod of adolescence, and young persons cquire habits of using both alcohol and obacco much more readily than during *. iter periods of /life. When once formed uring this period they are much more iely to become incorporated with the deelopment of the syBtem and thus become ermanent. "They may eventuate in some cases in a x;? _e xt.- ii- .f i ^generation 01 me ceus ui iuc uiam auu he vasomotor portion of the nervous syar em. In other cases, before such a stage i reached, there may result morbid hanges in the mental activities of the igividual, attended by cravings which beome very difficult, and in some cases imossible to resist. The will power beomes much impaired, and the higher ieals of the individuals are lost." In view of these facts we are prepared o find Dr. Stearns emphasizing the importance of temperance teaching to chit ren and youth. He says: "The importance, therefore, that some ffective measures be adopted, if those aleady in existence are not adequate, to * ave instruction given to the pupils of the ublic schools of the State regarding the ature and effects of alcohol when used aa beverage, can hardly be overestimated. ? : *38 ueh a course should be continued if at the a.i;ense ui leaa xmyuruiub kuujclwj ul tudy." This can be done more effectually than. lsewhere in the higher grades of schools. nd should be done mainly by means o? onversations and oral instruction in the orm of questions and answers by both eacher and pupils. In this way and by -1 ilustrating examples and plates, pupils rill more readily become interested thaa y reading any amount of dry material rhich deals with physiology. ir|j Absinthe in France. As a result of an investigation set on oot bv the Prime Minister of France, Dr. .aborde has reported that absinthe i? uining both the souls and bodies of the 'rench race. The Academy of Medicine >as made a declaration against its manuacture and sale, and we eee the probibi ion ouestioa which many have thought united only to puritanical communities in. - ? ,'aH he United States taken up by a European rovernment. uoe 01 me sinning, ana m iany instances inspiring, characteristics f the French Government is that under b prohibition prohibits. It does not mater particularly what the thing prohibited a, "whether it is a bad habit, a school svaem, or the Moulin Rouge, .it goes. The i'rench Government, whose mywteries are iast finding out, and which Beems to be a. eries of crises, with a knock-down and [rag-out riot in the National Assembly at iften recurrent intervals, is very effective. , Ve do not always admire its methods, bub / re perceive that it always strikes twelve. t appears to be hampered by no noisy entiment about the rights of the people . & r "peuple"?which seems to mean somehing else when it is put in Jrench. Cheer- . & ng for the rights of the "peuple" is peroitted to go on uninterruptedly when the heering is on the side of the Government: rhen it isn't, the "peuple" are put in jail >r chased off the boulevard by the Joha % A \r 1 i- Hi a1 Ti. i Jarms, as uni is ye usea-10 can vuem. *?. s quite certain that if the French Governnent determined to sunoress abainthe there ron't be a pale shade of green to be seen. n any resort in Paris or all France.?St? iOuia Globe-Democrat. '*i?rzs Alcohol and Lunacy. **" "W*5 The municipal authorities of Glasgow ecently appointed a commission to inquire /' ato the alarming increase of insanity aused by alcoholism in Scotland. The ceort of this committee brings to li?ht some triking statistics. In the case of the rlasgow district asylums and the observaion of wards of the poorhouee, of 565 adlissions during twelve months no / fewer han 250, or tnirty-three per cent.,' were irectly traced to alcohol. In most of these ases the patients had been comparatively rell to do and prosperous, so that the isease could not be ascribed to bad home onditions or poverty.. The reports of the toyal Edinburgh Asylum show the same . larming growth of alcoholic insanity. itatistics for the whole of Scotland during 902 showed 10,858 insane persons, an inrease of 370 over the preceding year. The umber of patients discharged- as recovered during the year was 1620. In Argyl, rhere the highest proportion of lunacy revails, there are 842 lunatics per 100,009 f the population. ' ~a| The Doctor's Responsibility. Physicans know, or ought to know, that iseases are produced or aggravated by he use of alcoholic beverages, and that he records of police courts demonstrate hat the mass of criminals arrested are ard drinkers. In the earlier vears of the eoublic it was estimated by Thacher and thers that 4000 people died drunkards very year. Now more than a hundred housand graves are required annuallv to io!d the victims of alcoholic poisons. Sow lany of these victims were started on heir downward course by the prescripions of reputable medicine-men may be mown only by the recording angel, but re have reason to believe that every week t not every day there is added to the list. ( riJivai/n.ms onp At liiasfc ivlio can truth ully and proudly .answer the charge that , octors make drunkards: "Taou canst not ay I did it." To England's Shame. One year's drink bill of the United Kinplom would pay the rent of all the houses nd farms in the kingdom, says London :it-Bits. The Cru?a<le in Brief. Between the a?es of thirty and forty ? rhere ten total abstainers die, forty modrate drinkers die. Between the ages of twenty and thirty, "t.?? ntict-ninpra Hip thirtV-Otie noderate drinkers die. In Rutland, during the first month's peration of the liquor license the arrests ar drunkenness were sixty-four, as against our in the same month last year. Dr. S. H. Burgen, a. practitioner of hirt.v-five years, in refutation of the genrally accepted theo^ * that beer is the east harmful of all intoxicating drinks, ays: "I think beer kilis quicker than any ther liquor." fiie anti-saloon league is planning an ressive campaign in Kansas City. Mo.^ his summer. The co-operation of the poice is promised and all vile pictures, wine ooms and other violations of eristing iws will be suppressed. The Total Abstinence Society of Qopealagen. Denmark, reports a membership of iver 100,000, among whom are thirty-wyea ninisters and 403 teachers. Last ys? the ociety arranged fer 3981 tcnrporanoe l?curcs at a cost of about $17,000. General Coronnat, CommandeMH-Chiet ?f the French troops in ImJo-Cmrfk. ia naking especial effort* to suppress drunkenness amoij the toldiers. He erprean lis regret thst warnings concerning tkfe .erious effects ?f drinkfh* IwbiU upon it* lealtb are n*i ke*d?L