DHSS OF HON. P. S. BROOKS
THE PEOPLE OFTHE FOURTH CONGRES
SIONAL DISTRICT.
ELLOW CrizNsirs: I have been induced to
d you this Address in consequence of hav
received a number of letters, from gentle.
n in various parts of my District, in which
ey say that "many. of your (my) friends and
pporters are anxious to learn your (my) views
the Know Nothing Order." Other gentle
en have written that, "if the party is not
ortly checked, it will control Lexington Dis
t;" and that "many of your (my) best
nds-have joined the Order,-ind are doing all
ey can for its promotion."
That a few impulsive spirts should have been
ostray by the Native American feature of
e Order, was to have been expected; but that
ey should be so numerous as to form a Party,
d that party so strong in any part of South
lina as to -dream of "contro,"- in very truth
azes me.
I have upon.this, as upon all political ques
ons of the day, decided opinions, which are
glated by fixed principles. My correspon-.
ents have, as has the humblest voter in my
istrict, the right to know what those opinions
re- and I would be unworthy of my position
your Representative in Congress, did I desire
dissemble or suppress them.
Before I proceed to express my views, which
re in opposition to the Order, candor constrains
e to admit that "Americanism" is a natural
entiment with our people. I deprecate myself
e appointment of men of foreign birth to rep
nt our country abroad, or to preside over
r Colleges; and if all of the States would,
f common consent, withhold *the elective fran
hise from immigrants for ten years, the agree
ent would receive my entire approval. But
use I approve, in a degree, of one tenet of
party, it is no more unreasonable to expect me
o adopt all of its principles, -than it would be
o require a man- to eat all of every dish upon a
'llof fare, because he fancied one. Yet this
ingle feature has caused thousands to attach
hemselves to the Know Nothing Order, without
sidering its other features; and thus, for one
wdet drop, they gulp down a whole gallon of
itter stuff.
:According to the Know Nothing doctrines,
he birth-place of a man is a grave political con
ideration. In my judgment, the birth-place of
political principle. is infinitely more importan.6
nd to the Know Nothing Order we will appy
the Know Nothing test. Where was it born?
In the State of New York. When? Very
hortly after the passage of the Nebraska and
Kansas bill, .which restored to the States of
the South their lost right of equality in the
common territory. What has been the effect at
the North? To defeat every Democrat who
vote4 for this bill of justice to the South, and
to put in his place an Abolition Know Nothing,
who stands pledged to repeal the bill, and to
give his vote and influence to the enactment of
others of greater injustice and injury than the
Act known as the Missouri Compromise.
I might here appropriately comment upon the
impolicy and ingratitude of countenancing the
ebeymies of our friends, but this is sufficiently
obvious.
Permit me, however, to direct your attention.
for an instant to the tergivesations of the Know
Nothings, who, at the North, are out-and-out
Freiesoiters, and everywhere are opposed to the
repeal of the Missouri Compromise, as is shown
by the tact, among others, that every Southern
man. but one, (Mr. Millson of Virginia, who
voted against the bill for the opposite reason
that it was not strong enough for ths South,)
who voted against the bill, is now a member of
the Know Nothing Order. At the National
Freesoil Convention held in Pittsburg, in 1852,
and which- nominated the Know Nothing Aboli
tioist, J[no. P. Hale, for the Presidency, it was
/"Resoired,. That the doctr'e that any human
lnw is a finality, and not subject to modification
or repeal, is not in accordance with the creed of
thie fo'unders~of our government, and is danger
ens to the liferties of our people."
-ims resoiuu-nau Tererenice tonc omyzp
mnise Measures of 1851, which the Freesoilers
desired to repeal. They scouted the ides that
those meas~1res were a " finality," and contended
that they could tand should be modified or r
pealed,. like any other law of Congress. The
Nlissouri Comipromise was no more a "finality"
than the Compromise of 1851. Yet the Freesoil
Knowv Nothings now refuse to stand to the
position taken by the Pittsburg Convention,
;md repudiate their own creed and falsify their
oivn declarations, by -asserting that the Missouri
coin~promnise was an irrepealable compact.
Again: By the same Convention it was
'-"Resolred, That msIGaWrs and EX[LES from
the Old World should find a CORDar, wzrLconi
to homes of comfort and fields of -enterprise in
the-New; and every attempt to abridge their
priyileges or becoming citizens and owners of
the..soil among us ought to be resisted with
inflexible deierminationl."
..Now the Know Nothing maintai-is .that the
rigeigner is dangerous to Republican liberty,
*edgaf; it is a patriotic duty to exclude him
i'rbn every right and privilege of an Anmerican
citizeni. What has -produced so extraordinary
andarapid a change of social and political senti
ment? -
:If I was in conversation, at this point I would
be.old that.mn.y remarks do not apply to the
s outhern division of the .Order, because of the
&plit at. Philadelphia, which was solely on ao
cinant of glavery, and when the Order ceased to
be a nationail organization. And this would be
anistake. The Order is still a national organi
zation, as the n'exZ election of a.. President will
develope; when the Know Nothing South and
the Know Nothing North will vote for the same
man-particialarly. if the'election is-throwvn into
the lower House-of- Congress, where the temp
rati6f6roffic6' would -be more difficult to
resist~i The Order isitill a national organiza
tioh, fot its. ihembers; both North ahd South
concur upom alf points of their creed as origi-.
naly'framed, and .differonly upon -the incidental
question of slavery. . Tlbeir hatred of foreigner
and Cath6lie is equally. intense, and my vemarks
do apply, for the President,,the immigrant and
the aCatholic have much, very much,. to do with
savery-a question wich, because of its being
of. all others the mostrvital to-us, (inseparably
iterwdven as it is with the political, commer
d~iatan-iocial prosperity and happIness of the
people of the. touth,)- Ald -of being the touch
stne whiekhis-appliedto .every -political issue
by the people of the North,-is, after-all, the sumi
ad .subatance of American .politics. .The
1(owN'othing.Order is either national, or it is
impotent.. It prop'osesto extend the probation
ary term of natoralization (by which its ?nem
brsinaeaarto withhold the Iight to vote, for
their complaint is- only of -political evils) to
twty-Ohs years, and to disqualify both Catho
iu. and men of: oreign birth forever for office.
No one .pretends that tiscan be legally done
but in 'tw,. ways-by the action of Congress,
or by the-people li he separate States. Should
the Order IsaveE the) keluisite majorty .'to effect
their pkurposes i' eihe way, then surely it is as
national (I use this word for conaenfence) a
any party can become..
'I iolfithat indither plan can' be Nezeted..
N6t byg the:States, eaich acting in iti sovereign
haeater; fo~r if all the-Staltesi -aI~one, were
to adopt the principles of the party, hat State
would be constrained,- by the most cogent of
roseme, to-refuse: to .sdtipt them. These rea
6ons are.to-befound in the value of populatioh,.
andia- the; political, power .of numbers. The
younger of the Western States would take up
the sword before they would .submit. to, have
their growthi and political power checked by a
rstrainit upon immigation. They wantE the
foreigner to fell their .1bests and to swdll the
utimber 'of their representatlives. If every
Stat4fn the Union were -tdprohibit im-migra
tiota but WisdDnsini, tire effect would be to mak
her, in a very short time, the Empire. State.
Wiscnsin, pith .tlse population of New York,
Would have the same, political power, anid the
do, by comnbining with Pennsylvafhi~9r Ohio,
ould and would rule the. Governmbint "You
urely have not forgotten the Alban. regency.
It is true'that the Constitution of A15lieUted
States reads-that the " Rules of NatUtalization
bal1l-be eniformD in all the States;" but, it as
lear that the political right to vote was not 1
herin. contempiated -Lbut- that reference was
had to the'right o? property; for we know that
he laws of the several States are not uniform
.. the subjet of voting. In New York and
South Carolina, a foreigner is required to wait
five years, after declaring his inteption to be.
come a citizen, before he is admitted to the full
fruition of all the- rights of citizenship. In
Michigan and Illinois, but six months are requir
ed; while in the Territories of Kansas and Ne
braska, actual-residence will qualify every white
male adult to. vote at the first -election. But
the Federal Constitution also declares that "the
citizens of each State shall be entitled to all
the privileges and immunities of citizens in the
several States." Now if one of these new fledg
ed citizens of Michigan was to come into the
Fourth Congressional District, and in compli.
ance with-your State Constitution remain two
years, could you, under either Constitrtion,
refuse him the elective franchise? You could
not, unless your own Constitution had been
previously altered-a mode of procedure which
the Know Nothings seem seduously to eschew.
And yet that man may have been within the lim
its of the United States but little- more than
half the time required by our State law to invest
him with the political rights of a citizen of
South Carolina. ,The effect of citizenship is to
remove alienage; and when a man once becomes
a citizen of a sovereign State of this Union, his
right is as perfect, under the Federal Constitu
tion, " to all the privileges and immunities of
citizens of the several States," as though he
had been born on the soil.
I have assumed, and it seems to me upon ten
able grounds, that the Western States will
never consent to a further restraint upon immi
gration ; and it is evident that the evils which
the Know Nothings ascribe to a redundance of
foreigners, and to a peculiar religion, will be as
great, (I think greater,) if they are congregated
in one or a few States, as if diffused through all
the States. Nor could the Know Nothing Or
der legnlly disqualify the Catholic foreigner,
who had been legally naturalized in a different
State, from voting for or holding of Federal
office, if lie chose to remove into this State, and
had complied with the-requisitions of the law as
it now stands, because of another provision of
the Federal Constitution, which enjoins that " no
religious test shall ever be required as a qualifi.
cation to any office or public trust under the
United States."
This plan, then, is utterly insufficient for the
purposes of the Know Nothings; and the other
-by the action of Congress-strikes me as
even less effectual, as I shall next proceed to
show. The remedy by Congress implies the
right of Congress to determine who is, and who
is not, a citizen of a State. That Congress,
with the consent of three.fourths of the States,
may expunge the clause of the Constitution
which refers to religious faith, or to the privile
ges of the citizens of the States, is admitted.
But has Congress the right now, or will they
ever have the right, to grant or refuse the privi.
lege of voting to the citizens of a sovereign
State? if they have, then the days of liberty,
and the happiness of the people of the South.
ern States, are few and bitter. Will the Know
Nothines admit? will .they dare to establish this
principie? And if they do, how long will it
be before an Abolition majority, in pursuance
of the precedent, will declare that your negro
slave is a citizen, and will authorize him to vote
at your elections? And what then becomes of
our favorite doctrines of State Rights and
State Sovereignty? My conviction is, that the
right to vote is derivable from the sovereign
power of the State, and that the concession of
the right to Congress is fatal to Southern liber
ty. Congress may prohibit foreigners from
entering the territory of the United States, for
t is their peculiar province to regulate -our for
ign intercourse; but when a foreigner is once
oated in a State, with-a view to remain, what
ver or political privilege he is to enjoy must
be derived from the sovereign power of that
State.
For the sake of argument,,let us suppose that
ongress had this power, and that at the next
session they should pass a law withholding all
olitical rights in future from men of foreign
irth; what would be its effect? An intelligent
piaccomplicl'entleman like John Mice
y sighing for a plantation and negroes in Ala
ama,) would indeed avoid a country which
enied him the most valued and yet the most
rdinary right of a free cinizen; but how would
t be with the poor and the famished, whos come
o our shores for bread ? with the restless and
itractable ? or with the criminal and fugitive,
who swell the tide of immigration f What care
hey for political privileges~ or rights, whose
European heritage is ignorance of either? rThe
peratior. of such a law would be to exclude
all the intelligent and good of every clime, and
to leave the door wide open to the vicious and
ebased.
The Order has gone too far, or not far enough..
oo far in provoking the hostility of the immi
rant population, with.out achieving an equiva
ent benefit; tind not far enough for their pur.
oses, which. can onily lie attained by the abso
ute prohibition of immigration. A feeble blow
eoils and brings injury with its. return; a vig.
rous one-may demolish' or correct. In common
with many of mny fellow citizens, I experience
some discontent because of the influence and
mpudencee exerted and displayed by n fewy men
who have become Americans by a sort of hot
ouse process; yet -I will not disguise my be-.
iefthat we of the South have but little inter
st or concern in the single issue of Native
mericalun.
The institution of negro slaves protects us
rom the evils attributed to the foreign popula
ion. The States of the North, by manumis
ion-b'y incessant and hypocritical cant about
he horrors -and degradation of slavery-.by
heir greater wealth, which they have filehed
rrom the pockets of Southern planters by mieans
f protective tariff.+-by their, inordinate desire
for the political power' of nuinbers, and which
as eaused them to' hold out indueement's of
mployment and heretofore higher wages-have
ucceeded in diverting the tide of iftimigration
mthe slave to the free negro States. Trhey
ire now reaping the fruits of the seed sown by
hemselves; and that it is bitter fruit, occasions
e no manner of distress. Our policy is to
iew this Kilkenny cat fight in' serene silenice
md composed equanimity. If we don't inter.
ere, we arc sure to have the good will of the
oreign cat; and if the belligerents eat each
ther up, why, I don't know then that we should
efuse to be comforted.
I have said that the President, the immigrant'
nd the Catholic had much to do with the slave
y issue. Many. of you who have passed the
neridian of life, will live to see the day -when
he A bolitionist is held off from his pirey only by
the veto of a Piesident. The cionnection of
the for'eigner is not so perceptible or availabte;
rete indirectly exerts a sallutary inflence upon
t with-the conservative portion of the Northern
eople. There is in ever society, save that in
hich the institution of slvery obtains, a natu
ral and unavoidable cont t between capital and.
Labor; or, which is virtually the name, between
property and persons. In the States where
there are no slaves this natural struggle- devel
pes itself 'in riots, hou~se-burninigs, blood-shed
nd murder. The influx of foreigners (estima
Led -to be annually about a half million, the
nst- of whom'are laborers) aggtaviates this
entest.o.such a 'degree that--upon the imini
rat is- erroneously charged evils which.are
aturalto their condition of-society. 4t .the
fort the low price of labor, (which.is incident
o every-commercial. pressure-which pressures
mt intervals of about ten years pervade our en
ire country, because of an inflated: curreliey,
prohoing wildspeculation,) is by fale philoso
phy attrnouted -niely to the heavy foreign popu.
lation, and the consequence is that collisuioris
nd riots are 'of almost daily occurrence; which
mdanger llfe -and property.' Now, while they
ire in -turmoil, strife -and confusion, we are liv
ng in quietude and peace. ~These facts must.
have an influence upon public opinIon ; f'or their
thinking men will not be -long at fault In disced
ing the cause of this difference of eondition to
e the conservatism ot'negro slavery, no will
beir capifalists be long in determining where to
ake their investments with tle-treatest secu
You~wilIreadily appreciate the value or'tJlle
~onnetion of the Catholic with slavery, when JIi
ecal to you remembrance the very strIking hia-.
orical fact that every slave State which has been
added to the Confederacy, and formed out of -
erritry acquired ice the Revolution, was origit
tally Catholic territory. Louisiana, Arkansas1
nd Missouri wareacqunired from Catholic Fram-o
Florida was purchased from Catholic Spain; and
Texas was stolen, through the instrumentality of
Sam Houston, from Catholic Mexico. If all
these States are not now Catholic in.religion, it
only shows that the sect is not so dangerous as
it is represented. At the proper time, and in the
proper way of getting it, we of the South will
want, and must have, and wil have, Cuba. Now,
if the doctrines of the Know Nothings prevail,
she herself would scorn an alliance the conside
rations of which would be the exchange of the
most valuable territory of its ize in the habita
ble word on the one hand, for rable and con
temptible rear-vassalage.on the other.
When we reflect upon the character of our
Government-observe its continuous expansion
in the cold regions of the North-remember
that the admission of every pew State adds in
stantly two votes in the Senate and one in the
House to the majority already against us-when
we consider the fact that natural laws will pre
vent the expansion of our institutions every
where throughout our domain, save in-Texas and
in Kansas, and that the Territories of Oregon,
Washington, Nebraska, Utah and Minnesota are
rapidly growing into States, the ultimate ac
quisition of Cuba is presented to us as an im
perative political necessity. Cuba would- not
altogether restore and perpetuate the political
power between the two sections; but I desire to
direct your attention to this -point: that if the
principles of the Know Nothing Order prevail, it
then becomes absolutely impossible that the
equilibrium can ever be restored ; for we and
our institutions can expand but in one direction,
and that is in the Catholic direction. Are the
people of the South willing to live forever at
the mercy of a majority which is daily and
hourly increasing in strength and fanaticism ?
Better, far better, would it be for us and our
children, to give to every Catholic upon earth a
home.stead, and stock it with negroes, at our
own expense. In "ploughman's phrase," the
Northern fanatic has.the long end of the single
tree, and if we turn our backs upon the Catho
lic, the Freesoiler will keep it forever. With
ample power in his hand, and lawless fanaticism
in his heart, what injustice, what insult, what in
jury, will he not inflict upon us?
1 have never yet seen a Catholic Abolitionist,
and of the three thousand preachers of religion
who insulted the Senate by an impertinent pro
test against the Nebraska bill, not one was a
Catholic. I have never read or heard of an anti
slavery sermon written by a Catholic priest in
America, and it is my deliberate judgment that
Northern hostility to Catholicism is hostility to
slavery. I have observed that the Know Nothing
presses ask, with much earnestness and apparent
purpose, " if any Catholic priest was ever known
to take the oath of allegiance, or to vote, in
America ?" Admitting that they have not, I can
see no great significance in the fact. Naturali.
zation would confer upon them but two rights
which they do not possess without it-the right
to hold and devise real estate, and the right to
vote-neither of which does he value. His
Church provides him with a home, which is the
property of the Church,- and supplies all his
wants abundantly. His Church is bib estate;
and in view of his celibacy, any other estate
would be an encumbrance. In his refusal to
vote, he.is supported by the habit of many Pro.
testant clergymen, who uniformly decline the
ballot.box from an apprehension that even this
slight connection with party politics may impair
their influence in " the care of souls." The
Protestant or Catholic minister who refuses to
vote, but conforms to the spirit of our' State
Constitution, which disquali'ies them both for
political office, because they are, " by their pro
tfession, dedicated to the service of God."
I leave the religious faith of the Catholic to
his Maker and himself. Wisdom and her twin,
humility, sugest that, while we avoid his faults,
we should imiitate his virtues, and not be thank
ing God at the market that " we are not as other
men are." James Balmes, a Catalonian priest,
high in authority with his Church, and an eman
icipatonist, when defending his sect, before the
Abolition jury of Europe, against the charge pre
feredbyM. Guisot, that the Catholic Church
nau crnieten-o-te- counruunec-. UT -smveryi
gave utterance to tihe following language:
" In a colony where black slaves abound, who
would venture to set them at liberty all at oncei
Their intellectual and moral condition rendered
them incapable of turning such an advantage to
their own benefit and that of society ; ini their
debasement. urged on by their hat.red, and the
desire of rengance, which ill-treatment had ex
ited in their minds, they would have repeated,
on a large scale, the bloody scenes with which
they had already, in formur times, stained the
pages of history. - And what then would have
happened ? Society, thus endangered, would
have been put, on its guard against principles
favoring liberty ; henchforth it would have re
garded them with prejudice and suspicion, and
the chains of servitude, instead of ikeing loosened,.
would have been the more firmly riveted.. Out
of this immense mass of rude, savage- men, set
at liberty without preparation, it wvas impossible
for social organization to ariae, for social organ
ization is not the creation of a moment, especially
with such elements as these ;~and in this -case,
ince it would have been necessary to choose be.
tween slavery and the annihilation of social or
der, the instinct of preservation, which animates
society as well as sall beings, would undoubtly
have brought about a continuation of slavery
where it still existed, and its re-establishment
where it hadI been destroyed. Happily thme'
Catholic Churelh-was wiser than philosophers;
she knew how to confer upon humanity. thme ben
efit of emancipation without injustice or revolu
tion. ~She knew how to regenerate society, but
not by rivers of blood."
Let-it be borne in mind: that these remarks
vere made in reference partly to white slaves
saptured in war-to slavery as it. existed at the
time when the master had the right of life and
death ov'er his slave,..wich right was exercised
by Quintus Flaminius, who slew'his slave in the
sidst of a* festival; when Vedius Poillio threy
one of his to. the. fishes, because he broke a
kuinbler; when the Spartans in a stampede as
sembled all of theirs, at the temple of Jupiter,
nd put them to deatn ; when, at Rome, should
a master beassassinated, every slave that he had,
the innocent and the guilty, had to die, as wvhen
Pedonius Secundus was killed, four hundred of
tis slave's were execusted. Let it be remem~ered
mlme that the influences of benign religion were
the instrumients to "regenerate society," to
which Balms referred, and not .to ruthless as
isaults upon a sacred Constitutitnmd compact.
How mild and liberal the sentiments of this
dangerous (!) Catholic upon an institution which,
s it then existed, was'a crime and a curse, colis
pared-with those of the Abolitionists Sumner
and Giddings, and the Know Nothiings Hale and
Wilson, upon an institution uncondemed' by
Christ, and a blessing to the negro .
But the political relations which the Catholle
does or may bear to thme people i have the honor
o repfesent, it has become my duty to disenss.
And if in this land, famed for the' plenitude'of
its civil liberty and liberty of conscience,a chris
ian denomination is to be disfranchised and per
ected,.by an irresponsible and inquisitorial-ae.
:ret organization, what security, let me ask, has
the next weakest denomination that the same
rate is not held in. reserve for it'i and so'to pro
ress, until the contest is narrowvid down to the
wo largest denominations', when, in Jhe struggle.
ror supremacy, charity and forgiveness shall givre
place to violence and wrath, and thegeligion of
>ur aviour to the scourge of the sword1 when.
oms devout, chronicler of the pious seeds ofone.
f' these most christian armies, in a doxological
parody, migh~t sing, at the close 4f eomne event
rul battle
'Nw-God be praised I the day is ours: Lutherab
..has tur:ed hi rei~n;
ethodist has'eriod for quarter;'.the Eplsebpallen
isaslain ; - - ,:
nd as we looked on them, we thought of Seine's
enpurped flood...
And godCuligny's hoary hair all .dabbled -in his
bloo
and then we thought eon eenganee, and all long
Om~r van*
' Remember-St. Bartholomew" was apassed from
And in remembering the ,atrocilles. .of some :
econd.St. Bartholomew masare, may aot men,
.rnsported by the' frengied passions of distem- .
ered minds, forget that it is written,"Veinge- I
mae is mine, saith the Lord"? .- -.
Bler wifth mse a little time tupon - the'-secret :m
eature of this new Order-a feature which they 1
rofess to have aanoned.-That it was origi-'
...n..w ......-t .o.......:..., . n . . a... t..ruhfull
..K
deny. Now, in the name of aft that Is sincere,
what ufore does any man. know of the Order at
this moment than he did befora the veil of secre.
sy was removed ? -Like all sho.in,; they pull
down the canvass. after the -n&jaeys have been
seen. It is-the first article . of .faith - in our re
publican creed that all political power is derived
from the people. A majority of the people of a
State are the Stale, for they control its political
action. If. the designs of- the -Know Nothings
are virtuous and politically orthodox, what oc
casion is there for or propriety in,senresy in those
States where the party is in--the ascendant ?
Why should a State keep a secret from itself ?
If the party is in a minority,..an4 endeavors, by
secret combinations, to defeat' the will of the
majority, their efforts must work a corruption of
public morals' and ~are logically anti-repgblican
and factious. Publicity is8easeptial-to the puri
ty of a representative government, and arcana
imperi are attributes.of deep tism.
I have sofar treated this subject as a national
organization, and I repeat that~it'is such, or it is
helpless to accomplish. w 6 has -undertaken.
I have no faith in the success-of their plans, nor
do I believe that the Order will.continue to. exist
after the next Presidential electipn.. The repeat
ed thrusts which their organs qpake at the pre
sent Administration, (the very best'for the mouth
thus far since that of Washington,) and the
Democratic party, -(the most Constitutional par
ty-we have ever had,) satisfy -e that its cohe
sive attraction is office, and tli " they are not
insensible to its emoluments and-spoils. Again,
the fact that not a single Democrat in-posiLion,
North or South, unless he is aanAbolitionist, is
connected with the Order, speaks volumes in
support of this opinion.
Was I here to conclude, yia would be war.
ranted in supposing that I re'ard the Know
Nothing movement as a humbug, which can do
us neither good or harm.-Eicept in its calami
tous consequence of producing division among
the people of the South,.I do so regard it. But
in that aspect it is formidablein the extreme.
We of the South have no.politics but the negro;
and upon this question the language of the glo
rious old'Troup should be the language of the
South-" The argument is exhausted, we will
stand to our arms." There canin. future exist
but two great parties In the Union-tile Pro-sla
very and the Anti-slavery parties. All others
will be ephemeral. If we are united, we are
safe; if we split up into. subdivision, on any
question, we are undone.
Party divisions have heretoforebeen our curse,
and now, for the first time ' hii Gulf a century,
when there was a bright prospdet. of unanimity ;
when the pleadings were made up and issue
joined between the North and the South on the
only question which can dissolt.the Government
=-the great question whether the.slave. States
are, as equals, to remain in the Union, or, as
equals, to destroy it; this .hybrid of Whiggery
and Abolition interpose, to eastus, and squeaks
out, in plaintive notes, that -the Union is the
paramount political good." This sentiment will
surprise no man, when he is informed that Mr.
Bartlett, of Kentucky, the President of the
Southern branch of the Order, avowed his hos
tility to the.. Nebraska' bill, (*hlch simply res
tored to the South her lost righ'tiin the common
territory,) as also did Mr. Pilicr of the same
State, Mr. Brown of Tennes#i, Mr. Houghton
and Mr. Kenneth Rayier of Notth Carolina-the
latter of whom denounced the bill as "an out
rage upon the North." Will-you trust your des
tinies in the hands of these :nu, who are the
heads and leading spirits of t .-Order, even in
the slaveholding South ? .Theavevy circumstance
of the Order having taken roof for a time at, the
South will do us injury at the Worth. Our friends
who, like Toucey and the yotinger Dodge, have
fallen before it, for no othiera'etan that they
were true to thu Constitutiont,'gid therefore true
to the South, will be moi-tified'nd discouraged,
when they fnd Southern men. affliatmng with
their enemies. But worse 'shan this every
Know Nothing victory at tle South will be
slaimed at the North -as. any lign victory.
The Abolition teachers tel epeof the
North that there is a strong aver$ feelian
att eso-ui with ep3ulimon,
and say it is becajuse thej-are jalous of the com
petition of the negro. They then reason in this
way: " You know .ohal Knp 'Nothingism. is
lere : Know Nothingism is thegsameecery.where."
And thus men are converted 'into. actie parti
rsans against an institution which, if' they'believ
ed was universally approved and universally sus
tained b'y thees who ha(.bett.er .opportunities of
itnessing Its practical operatiod' than them
selves, would at least be quiet. -.
The only argument of the:. Knew Nothings
South which addresses itself with much force to
he Southern mind is, that the immigrant popu
lation come to our country prejudiced against
the institution of slavein that they hasten the
settlement and admissilfr of new States, and
tius increa'se the political power of the Freesoil
and Abolition party in the'National Legislature.
It is but, just and fair to admit that the preju
dicesof the European immigrant are generally
averse to slavery ; but thiere isa reply to this
specious argument. which couniterbalanfces . its
rfre,an~d invites a grave consideration as any
aspect in which I ha. e' beon able to preseint the
guestion.
I think I have shown that the Know'Nothing
argnization, even if it'idld effect an extension
af the probationary period- now regntired before
naturalization; would not prevent immigration.
Tme tide would continue to flow into the free
States, where the . Abolition party is. now pre
lominant. In whatever State ninety-two thou
sanud of these immigrants may locate, to that
Stae will be secured anf additional Representa.
Live in Congress. Obserte the third clause of
the second section, first article of the Constitu
tion, which is as follows: -i4,apresentattivyes and
imt taxes shall be -apportioned. among -the
several States (whicha may be included wihin
this Union according to their respechev nunberps
which shall be determined by .adding to.
whole number of' free persons, including those
bosnd to'service fo'r a tei-m of years, and exclu
ling Indians not taixed, three-fifths of all othei
persons." The immigrant being ineligible to
afice, dould give us neither benefit or 4id, let
ls sympathy be .ever so strongly with us or in
behalf of our institutions. Having .no voi'.i m
the elections, they would, be represented by a
ative Abolitionist; and~ thuis the result will be
o assgigent the pow~er of a party which is deadly
sostile 'to'us, and to make that power more1
availably dangerous by' concentrating-it-inito thle
ands- of a few of their ablest, anid therefore
not formidable men. ..
-Ihaue- addressed-yo.earnestly, and I hopie
:onvidilgly.- Iregrotithat somne-ef my fuiends
iavi epartedfrom theatrue State Righats Pemo.
:ratie- faith, but I .will .bs-mortified if they con
.inue. Inerror. ..1:kniothey are..Sin'er, but.
believe tlie'y are deladed.- I belipvo that mn
fthp.Order are'paiotie., but I know that he
rder ifslis dsngeolsg a nd'I also- know that,
to -charaeteristles haveheretofore been intoler
snee of opinion ased a of religion.'~ As I be
ive, so have f writen; and if(as it may be that)
[ too uam.1o fall before ths' msadern .itqnisition,
vich no mah knows n'of whseohieeoun
era, I shall have thb. safaction.to feel better.
~ontented in retiremnt, Ith amy principles, than
o be re-eeted for-life as-the representaltive of
.he principlesof the f.~o N othing Order.
Respectfully yourobedient servant,
.Leaide,~ Aug. 2,1855.
A R ERIARnatL iAThe Boston- IMass.)
ines says : ,"Tlsehj a.gentleman residinig in
his'city who :1 i~e-e hventy-three years ago.
rm Englanmd, and lirought ivith himi somiethree
undred guineas- of his own hard earmaog, with
heh he commenced business asia grocer ou'5
mall scale.: ILittle by. .litle;.lia: inereased-.bis
rde, and at f~hd. pres n&:time'. is probably'
orth uiore.than any othr manla Massachusetts
n-the same line ofbsns 'During the period
f twentythite~yed-s, ' hi never gave a ndte of
,and or look one; hetiever'sued a man and never
a a'ned 'himaelf,not' fver'elled to the wvitnes
and In- any tourt during the whole puriod. He
ever was naturalized,arid of course never voted,
tthough he has paid .thousands of dollars for
tato and country taxes.. ,Ho has beeni knoawn
obuy a cargo of'..West India goods, amounting
$DOOe 9,0 fr which a aid caish on delivery.
Knever deafs in oif ris s intaticting liquors;
ser gives a dollar' fai- mny oharitaublo purpose
rhere he -thinks .his inamo-ivill appear In the
ewalmpeis; although he has distributed thou
.nds to the distress of his fellow-men."
Letters to the Anderson Committee.
- WE give below the letters of our-two imme
diite fellow-citizens, Hon. A.-P- BUTLER and
Col. F. W. PlcKENs, in response to invitations
to the Anderson dinner.
Letter from Hon. A. P. Buuler, U. S. Sena
torfrom South Carolina.
NEAR EDGEFtELD, July 14.
GENTLEMEN: 1 received by the last mail your
polite invitation to attend a festival, on the 25th
inst., to be given in honor of your Representa
tive, Col. Orr. I regard the compliment to Col.
Orr well merited. Upon all the tests of the old
republican school, he has been true, and has ex
bibted an industry and ability which entitle him
to the confidence of an intelligent constituency.
. It would afford we, for many considerations,
great pleasure to be present on the occasion to
which you have invited me. But I am obliged
to leave home to-day, to fulfill engagements
which duty will not allow me to disregard; and
I fear that I shall not have time to be at Ander
son by the 25th.
If in the past your Representative has per
formed his duties with credit to himself and the
country,, he has an undeveloped future before
himself and his coadjutors, that will put to a
high trial their wisdom, patriotism and firmness.
It is in vain to take refuge in flattering hope
and delusive disguise. ivents are running to
a crisis full of fearful issues-either in anarchy,
under the irresponsible influence of secret and
unconstitutional societies, or in the despotism
of irresponsible majorities.
But, gentlemen, it was my purpose, when I
sat down to write this note, to say little else
than to return you my acknowledgements for
your remembrance of mue in connection with the
occasion of the 25th.
As the mind will return to matters in which
it has been recently engaged, I will make a re
mark that may be somewhat illustrative of my
reflections on the history of our revolutionary
ancestors; and it is a history full of instruction.
I wish I had before me the concluding clause
of George Mason's will. I think it the most
impressive passage of composition that I ever
read, and I think its author had one of the most
impressive intellects of his day. He had the
elements of character to inspire confidence and
command respect. Gen. Washington falt this
influence, and gave Green a passport to the
South through an introduction to Geo. Mason
-a striking tribute. .
This gentleman, with a wisdom, sagacity, and
firmness almost unparalleled in history, saw,
with the vision of a far seeing -statesman, the
future as we have seen it developed. As a pa
triot, without looking to the rewards of person
al ambition, and without at all caring for the
honors of place, he stood amidst the perils that
beset him, and met the temptations that might
have reduced him, without fear and without re
proach. As a gentleman and neighbor, he per.
formed all the duties, which such relations could
require, with a high regard to propriety, useful
ness and justice. Such a man's life may well
be studied.
The concluding clause of his will to which I
have referred, is couched in language-and I
have referred to it less " to adorn a moral, than
to point a tale."
The testator, feeling that he had something
of the authority of the sage, expressed himself
in the instructive affection of a parent. I can.
not quote his language and I fear 1 cannot give
its import.
He said that be had enjoyed the honors of
public life, and had encountered all its perilous
responsibilities; and that experience had brought
to his mind the verdit-that in the pursuits of
private lit's were to be found the true source of
happiness, quietude, and honorable independence.
But lhe said with a solemn injuction to his chil
dren and descendants. whilst I give you this as
my opinion, I say, on the authority of a parent
quitting this world.-should any of my sons and
descendants be required to engage in the business
of public life, " let not the dread of poverty, the
fear of disgrace, nor the perils of death, deter
thedi from maintaining the rights to Whicn tney
were born."..
I have no doubt he intended to say, that such
rights were in danger, in view of federal usur
pat ion..
Without any of the authority or right of
George Mason, [ hope I may give this sentiment
without just exception :
"Young Statesmen of the Southi-maintr.ini
the rights you were born to, and which were in
tended to be secured to your -section by the
Federal Constitution, and do so without the
danger of violeince and anarchy, but undar the
security of concert, and the- lights of wisdom
and intelligence.
I am, gentlemen, yours,
A. P. 1JUT LER.
Dr. 0. R. BROYLEs, Chairmani, &c.
Letter from Hon. F. WV. Pickcens, ex-memiber
to Congress from South Carolina.
EDGEWooD, Jully.19, 1855.
GENTS: 1 received your kind invitation to join
yfu at a dinner to be giveQ to your distinguish
ed representaitive in C.ongress, and Wvould .be
pleased to be present, if my constant engatge
ments would permit. -I hope his abilities and
active talents will render him eminently useful
to his State, ini the great emergencies that must
inevitably arise. A:.y thing from as humble an
individual as myselfrwould of course be consid
ered aliost a trespass upon your time, and yet
I cannot forbear saying, that it appears '.to me
the Southern States occupy a somewhat differ
et position now, t6 what, they have done for
the last twenty-five years: A Fugitive Slave
Law has been passed, supposed to be efficient,
-the Nebraska Bill has been passed, the M1is
souri Compromise, line has been repealed. Thie
North complain of all these acts as grievances
not to be borne.'- They demand theie repeal
they also demand the abolition of slavery, in the
Distriet or Columbia-the p'rohibition of inter
change of slav.es between the Southern States,
and the 'rejecliomn of 'any othe~r State tolerating
slavery in its constitution. *Now these are all
positive meaisures. (We stand on the defensive.
Heretofore we have complained of great griev
anes and were compelled to' move-now they
are foi-eed to nmeve.1 And in this point of'view,
we hatve a stroliger position- than for yea'rs, if
are only wise aind sincere. I suppose .the
first distinct move will. be to reject Kansas on
her applicntion as a slave State. There is a
large majority in the next H-ouse of Repsesen..
tatives against the admission af a .slag State.
Let themi reject the application. I wil! not.pre
aiie to say what we will do in such an event.
They cant restore the Missouri Compromise
nor epealthe Fugitive Slave Bill-nors abolish
Slavery in' the District. o'f'Columbia, or any
thing of thi'kind, because thle President and the
Senateare bgth against themn. The only real
issethey ean practically te-nder at present is
for the majority in the lower House of Congress,
to, reject the application-of a slave State..
I rather think, from the course 3ikpublic opin.
ion, that the Southern States, under the lad of
Virgnia', will be considere4'the'great guardians
and pi-otectors of' the Foreign interest and po,
litical infiuence of foreigners -in these United
States, and thst.the idaders of the old rank~ and
file Demornracy of the NortherL. States,: who
hate been routed by- recent organizations there,
will rally and fend .the Foreign influence, in the
Middle and North Western States, so as to form
a po~ierful and-notive party who' will look upon
their opp'bnents with intense bitterness and rel
*the'deepest sympathy with the South as their
political guardians in the Union. They will be
inadeto -feel that i'liere2 is a party amongst them
at ome, whose .Atject is to .degrade, their politi
cal equality, and they will ally themselves with
the Slaveholding States, in order to foster a
poljtial power, to keep in check what they will
look upon as a hostile dominaht party at home.
So the eect of all recent' moves is to allay all
buitterness and division in the Sotth, while they
have created intense excitement anft bitter strug,.
gles at thotNorth-and this will continue to be
the case. The 'great pi-esidential' question is
nowv pressing; for ,a setlement, too. This in
volves the division of seventy millions of dollara
year, or *228,000,000 f'or th e next four. years.
This is a great stko and too many live by it,
to 'allow of any violent T'ssue 'being made that
might produce a rapture. Under these cireum
staces4l doubt, whiether the majority elected to
the House of Representatives will ever dare re
jct th .apliaion of a State for adinission be.
cause it happens to tolerate slavery. But if I
they do, considering, that these Southern States c
were originally' settled by a brave race, who
have left their blood-stains as signs upon their
early pathway, I trust, in God, the watchword
will be, Equality forever or Independence, aind.
that it will ring over a thousand hills and start
from their scabbards the swords of a hundred
thousand freemen.
True, Southern men have been murdered' by
mobs when in pursuit of their property, under
the Fugitive Slave Lanr, and we were degraded -
by the circumstances attending the admission of
California-and true, thei: insulting agitation
against us ought not to be borne-but I have
seen enough to know that no great and decided
move can be made by the Southern States in
concert, unless some palpable issue be tendered,
so striking that the whole public mind will be
at once aroused and instantly prefer to burst the
bonds rather than to wear in peace the chains
of slaves.
Of one thing I am sure, the time is past for
talk and high resolves. We want wisdom and I
thorough knowledge with sincere patriotism.
After the history of the last few years, prudence
and heeding forbearance would add much to
the dignity and future influence of South Caro
lina.
But I have said more than I intended. With
the best wishes for the prosperity and success
of your distinguished Representative-and for
your individual welfare, I have the honor to be.
With great respect
Your obedient serv't.
F. W. PICKENS.
From the South Carolinian. a
THE AGRICULTURAL CONVEITION.
This large and respectable delegation of plan.
ters and farmers met yesterday, at the City Hall,
at 1a. m.
On motion of Dr. Caine, Col. J. F. Marshall,
of Abbeville, was culled to the chair, and Maj.
S. G. Earle, of Anderson, was appointed Secre
tary.
On motion of Dr. J. W. Parker for the enrol.
ment of the Delegates, the Chairman called for I
them, in alphabetical order, by districts. The
following Delegates appeared.
Abbeville.-John A. Calhoun, John P. Barratt,
S. V. Caine, Allen Vance, C. W. Sprowll, J. R.
Tarrant, T. V. Bird, S. S. Marshall, Wm. Smith,
J. H. Logan, John Cothran, Edmund Belcher, J.
Foster Marshall, R. A. Williams.
Anderson-O. R. Broyles, S. G. Earle, J. N.
Whitner, A. P. Calhoun, W. R. Calhoun.
Charleston.-It. S. Poreher, J. Dubose Purcher.
Chesteield.-T. E. Powe.
Darlington.-W. E. James, S. H. Wilds, R.
L.Hart.
Edgefield.-S. S. Tomkins,'T. Watson.
Fairfield.-N. A. Peay, E. G. Palmer, W. H.
Ellisen, W. W. Boyce,iJohn Adger, J. R. Al
ken, T. S. Dubose, Rt. E. Ellison, F. Gaillard, J.
M. Robertson.
Kersha.-W. J. Taylor.
Lexinaton.-J. C. Hope, W. F. Caughman,
Jacob W'ianmaker, J. H. Counts, S. W. Leaphart,
John Fox, J. C. DeGaffarelly.
Laurens.-A. G. Summer, Dr. B. S. James,
W. '. Chappell.
Lancaster.-C. P. Pelham, J. H. Witherspoon.
Marion.-S. M. Stevenson, Wm. S. Mullins.
Marlboro--H. W. Harrington, Sam'l Sparks,
J. W. Harrington.
Newberry.-J. M. Henderson, W. E. Hardy.
Orangeburg.-Jacob M. Dantzler, Jacob Stro
man, Thomas Oliver, O. M. Dantzler, Adam
Amaker, John Dantzler, I, C. Edwards, John H.
Folder, A. D. Goodwyn, J. D. Trezevant.
Pickens.-J. C. Miller, E. 1. Keith, N. H. Jen
kins. R. A. Thompson, B. E. Seaborn.
Richland.-Col. W. Hampton, Maj. O'Hlanlpn,
A. RL. Taylor, Dr. A. J. Green, J. D. Frost, C.
Bookter, J. Lykes, Dr. R. WV. Gibbes, Dr. John
Wallace, A. F. Dubard, J. Biites, Col. Fenley,
Thos. Taylor, Maj. Stark, W. Clarkson, Jas. S.
Guignard, jr., James S. Scott, W. F. DeSaus
sure,/Col. Rt. H. Goodwyn, 3. M. Howell, James
Catheart, John Crawford, Col. Sims, E. Hope,
W. Hampton, jr., Francis Btulkley, J. T. Sims,
JT. IIL Kin.,ler, E. J. Auihur,.Maj. Wmn. Wallace,.
TF. J. Robertson, 3. '. Fleming, H. P. Green. J.
U. Adams, Col. Harris, Col. Thos. Davis, Col. J.
Bauskett, J. B. Davis, J.-W. Parker, A. M. Hunt,
Win. Glace, F. Hampton,'C. R. Bryce,.John
English.
Sumter.--W. Nettles, Win. Harris,G. V. Lee,
0. P. Mcftae, J. D. Blanding. 3. M. Pitts.
Union.-W. S.. Dogan, G. B. Tucker, TF. A.
Carlisle.
It was moved, by Dr. Caine, to appoint a com
mittee of five to nominate officers for this. Con
vention. Mr. Dantzler moved an -amendm'ent
which was necepted, that the Commnittee'consist
.of one delegate from each district..
'rho following-is thie'committee :
Dr. Caine, 0. Rt. Broyles, Rt. S. Porcher, T. E.
Powe, E. G. Palmer, .W. lM. James, J. C. Hope,
TF. Watson, A. G. Summer, W. S. M~ullens, J.
W. Harrington, 0. M.. Dantzler, E. J. Arthur,
E. M. Keith, W. S. Bogan, W.J. Taylor, Win.
Nettles, J1. MJ. Henderson.
Who retii-ed to consult, and on their returni
nominated thme following- gentlemen; wvhichi was
unanimously 'monfirjned:
President.-Dr. 3. P. Barrati.
Vice President T. E. Powe,. C. P. Bookter,
Dr. 0. R. Broyles, J. Stroman,.J. D. Foreher, A.
G. Summer. - .. ..rl.
&eieries.-' J..W. Parker,S.G'Er.
Dr. MarshalI then'resigned the chair to Dr.
Barratt, who returned his niknowledgments, and
addressed the C.onvention in a few-remna.ks per
tinent and to the point. --
On motion of Col. J. F. Marshall, that a comn.
mittee of one member from -each agriculturel
society .and district notk havingja society repre- I
seted in this Convention, be .appointed by the
chair to prepare business for 'the Coni-ention.
'Resolred, That all resolutionseuggesting nc
ion by this.Convention, be referred to the comn
committee on business withiout .debate, .except
explanations by the mover.' '
Mr. Pimer objected tonentting off debate,
and hoped.,that free interchange of opinion e)
alowed. - -.
Col. Summer mnovedto lay this usblation and 4
amendment on the table-which was agreed to. i
-Dr.' Wallace -moved a' reconuiderationl of the 'j
first resolution--wich was agreed to . - b
Mr. Mullins addressed the Convention.im favor y
of each district having a.fmoll and legitimate rep..
reentation on the committee.
The resolution, with aslighit amendment, wams
then'adopted, and (he. following donmiteel p
pointed by :the ehnir~
CoMMITTEE o1t DUsINEsS.
Abbevillo Ag'I. Society; J. Foster Marshall.. e
Calhpun's Mills, " J. A Calhoun. i
Greenwood " " ' T. B. Byrd. ' 5
Pendfaton "" " A4 P. Calhoun. .
.Anderson " " 0. R. Broyles.
Black Oak " " -. R. R. Poreher -
Darington " " .W. E. James. .
Chesterfield. " " TF. E. Powe'
Edgefield " " S. S. Tompkins. ~
Fairfied; " " E. G. Palmer. d
Lexington " " J. Fox.
Laurens - "' " -A. G. Summer.
Marion " -" S.-M. Stevenson.-*
Orangeburg " " J.-H:Felder..
Union. ' " W. S. Dogan. t
Sumter " ' " TF. R. English.
Lancaster "4 " .J. H. Witherapoon.
Newberry " " 3 . ML Henderson. Pi
Kershaw District,. . W. .3. Taylor.- U
Marion ". - .3, W. Harrington,
Richland " ' A. 3. Green.. , C
Pickens . B. B Seaborn.
The Convention then adjourned till 4 p.'m. Ti
(Recess.) - .. ti
At.4 p. m. the Convention resumed its ssin
nd on motion it was ordered.
Thrat d'elegates from other societies or district., d
who have arrived since morning, be represented
in he committee.
The following delegates appeared and enrolled
their names: - ,- -- a
- Cheser.... D. Crawford,. J. G. B. Gill, Jas.
Pagan, Jas. A. Lewis 5, MeAlley. .*
Greenwodod.-Dr. Smith, Dr. J. Logan, sen's a
J. Cressweli..
York .aA.- B. Springs.
The Convention then adjourned to-10O.a.m.,
ihis morning. . *
- - - *TusiAcTS9
The.Convention met 10 a. in., imd4 was orgaii- hi
ized. Trhe Committee on Business being c'lled j
tot from the want of room' we are compeluiii
tmit until our next issue.
The Committee to form 'tlis Constitution re.
orted the following: ,
Constitution of the Stale Agricultural Society
of South Carolina.
1. The name of this Society shall bohe3tate
kgricultural Society of South Carolina.
2. Its objects shall, be to improve anpdadapie
he condition of agriculture and hertiecnltture,
nd the auxiliary mechanic arts and manufac.
ores.
3. This Society shall consist of individual
nembers,- upon their paying an annual subsetip
,ion of two dollars, or twenty-five dollars To
ife membership-and of delegates from such,
listrict societies as shall pay an ahnuaf contri
>ution of five dollars into the treasury of this
society; and that each delegate from such so
ety shall pay a fee of two dollars; and also of
nch honorary and corresponding members as
hall be deemed proper by the .Society; but nu
terson shall be chosen an honorary member of
he Society upon any other ground of merit or
laim than of distinguished services rendered to'
gricultu're, horticulture, or the mechanie-arta.
4. There shall be 'a President and six Vicee
?residents, and an -Executive Committee, con
isting of seven persons, including the President,
rho shall be annually elected by the Society.
5. The Society shall meet annually in the
ity of Columbia, on the second Tuesday
o November, at which time there shall. be -an'
Igricultural,' Horticultural, Mechanical, Many.
tcturing and'Stock Exhibition.
6. A quorum of the Society shall consist of
ot less than fifty members, and the President
hall preside at all meetings, and in his absence
Vice President.
7.-The Executive Committee shall appoint an
ndividual, who shall act as Secretary and Treas.
rer, appoint all Standing and other Committees
if the Society,and.to make arrangements for its
nnual exhibitions.'.
8. It shall the duty of the Secretary and
['resurer to Sep and preserve the books and
vapors of the Society-to prepare its proceed.
egs for publication-to revise all comm t. -.
ions before they are published-to-receive 4v1
lisburse the funds of the Society, under,
ection of the Executive Committee, toed'
gricultural paper, to be published by th
iety, wherever, in their opinion, its publiit F
hall be deemed expedient-and psrf6
ther duties which they may assign to hIn.f
vhich he shall receive an annual eompensaiaon ;
o be affixed by the said Committee.
9. This Constitution may be amended by .the
rote of two-thirds of. the members attending
any annual -meeting.
The Commiittee on the Offices made the fol.
owing nominations, which were' unanimonsly
:nfirned:
President.-A. P. Calhoun.
Vice Presidents.-Thoo. B. Byrd, Geo. Sea
orn, Thos. E. Powe, R. S.-Porcber, Jacob Stro.
na, N. A. Peay.
Executice Commiltee.-E. G. Palmer, A. G.
summer, O. Ii. Dantzler, R. W. Gibbes, R.7
Gage, J. U. Adams.
Col. Bauskett being asked to take the chair
temporarily, Col. Summer moved, that the thanks
of the Delegates be presented to Dr. L.P.-.Bar,
att, for his kindness and. courtesy ip presiding
ver this Convention; and to the Secretaries, fur
he efficiency with which they have discharged
heir duty. It was unanimously adopted.
On' the-President resuming the chair,'Mr.
Baikett presented the resolution to him, with
few complimntary remarks, which Dr. Bairratt -
replied to with much feeling, and good-humored
:omments on his own want. of proper. parls
nentary knowledge as a presiging officer- '
A resolution was then offered anda comtpiteeo.
appointed to escort the PresidenL to t~afir.
[Jpon taking which, he expressed his eal
adgments for the honor, with imuch 'emotion.'
Col. Marshall then moved that the Execntive
ommittee be .requested to appoint a suitable
:mmitteein each district, to canvass the di's.
,rict to procure, .subscriptions.- of money and
amies to the Society. . . .
Dr. Gibbes tirrined over to the Sociulyeity
ivesilver medals and a steel die, which was pro
ented te the forme~r Slate 'Ag'ricultural Society
>y-the late Cole Joshua 3. Waid.
The Convention then -adjou'rnid,-to meet en
ho second Tluesday in Novemlber next.
.FEARFUL RIOT IN LOUISVILI.E.
- - LoUZeVILE iUGUST 7.
T'he electidn in thlis $tat6 'yesterday for' Gdyrnor
[eprisntatfes and med~iba of Congress, was ivarau
y contestud. -The-majority for the Atneridas''ticket
n thtis city~ is about 1660.j
The mokb dispersed last night after settirig irs to-the
fice of the," Signs of the Timancs,"-which paper adhe
ao isisue this morning. ---
As far as can be ascertained, there appears to have
een about twenty persons killed and many wounded. -
Fwelve buildings were burned'before the fiames.oud.4
be subdeed.- -
The first uhot was'lired by foreigners sitsme dii.
n:en froi the pulls.
T'he accennii froa-ilie seeise of theroare horribli.
Pari of human bodie's are to be ,een cbarring in the
roodering ruins!
'Alarge crowd Ie now ated the eouarz-hoouhe where'
he.dad bodies iSe being collectid;- -. -
.fter the assaalt had been made, the zliseiskas'
nch.exasperated,se0t fre tea .ntuber of houses &
upied by their assailants, with a view of saking.
:em out.. .
lis diffienlt to say whuatwillget be the .reait .e
jIs's nost igrcefulta8air.' Order hasbeen paral'
storel. The milliiary are ot;, and hopes are enter
ained tha'tpeace'may be prese rved, though ihere
e'rioum apprehsensifefr to-night." About -4
kdchniidreignirsive thuaffar been killed'd
or'ddd.-Louiuville.Yournal1 ,
-TUB ELTONS.
Fiox accounts from Konv mnu;'MAi., d41e Au
ust Jo, we learn tia' The.Coonties ofRat,
enry, Bentdri,'Cherokee, BimndiMllionted *
hiton,the 'Des1eratie 'canakdl& a-bijOiy
32. Sumrpter a'nd'Plkes countiesgive' Shoi'trile,..
te'Know- Nothing candidate,.a majority of 171
'wentytwo counties in Southern and Easterzylite
ama ive the Know Nothings a majority of 3,50.
'ercy Walker, Know.Nothigg, frelected tCongm
te First Di-triett, . . :gs
In Tgeuee the Know-.Nothingsam badly bheten,.
d to use tbe .words of ghe .Chatanooga feWW5a.
:6w Nothing'aheet, they "1ha'rp lest .their voiesand
seir money." Johnsonr, the standa rid besar of ani
ow Npthingism in ihat State, iy beyond allibt
ee by 13S00 o 2000 inajority.' Siillill N id,
r'ies / tCdjges by a n f t.
36. ell donet'enneisse.
From North Carolina, we haveelieerlngltelligimcee..
nw Noth'ingism 'seemst'to have awikened -"014.
ip." W'eare cetainoflite. memnbers -f Congress
i of eigtt with a--presp'ect of one or tweot.
[r. Clingmans about where.'elettion therew'as -oe
ubt, Is eertainly realected, The aggregate -vets
iowa a large -Democratic- gain.. -..
From Kentnchy our returns are meagre .pot enk.
eni to render it. certain that. the ,Know Ngthings
E carried the State-the onlyae hodn),jt
ey can count on.--Anguata Coastiutiqalits.
TunE OcEAN .TstEGRtAPH.--. JohiiN.) -.
pers received by the Asia, containghe fo1ldw-.
ug, showing'tfie progress't dib thew
ork, New Fountdland and Los~ Telegasil
empany : - - .. - - -
The.,N.,.YorkNew Foundlan~ apd.Lpudop
elegaph Comoanie't steaner.Y cho14'r
arned to St. 'Johns, hating :~~~$in
unpiorting laborers and supp~i. o2ayDes
an, and other places. otn thle teali ligae
here the work was to be istne4. -!LW huir
red men have beets left there withbai'sweek'a
ovisons, anid the. Victotia, after:iam recein
I some alight wepsira, wouA leavw t ab4di
anal menufor- tih, lIne, The ;t Johnpg
'e sangtnine thi~great work . be .
d spre4ilv acopisrd' toidt b
rougtl cheering deoe1ntC 'of tiiwffsh 'ytio
I paans of 'the coast ettee'e.she hth is,'e' -
A mnachine for siowing seed broad&t,4instead'
f in rills, has-1en.inven4. &sIet ^o
lique cups hire-ptliaed -upon a retti;(etinder
nderneath the*olppg, !apog ion wt dis
ibuting places,,whligh AQnrey ths aee the
opew u nnergtat Illsa ,rln .
rfect z4gury and 'eyennee 16v r h4ok
ound trafe' thdIb ali*. - *'"