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BREEDING MALE OF IMPORTANCE Cockerels Can Be Bought More Advantageously Now Than Later in Season. SEEK HIGH EGG PROOUCTISN Flock Average of 150 to 160 Eggs a Year ls Excellent-Trapnest Rec ord of Mother Should Al ways Be Insisted On. Progressive poultrymen are already looking forward to the mating of their flocks next spring. Cockerels which have been hatched this spring are now available for sale on many farms for breeders. They may be bought more cheaply now than they can be lute this fall. A breeding male that will command from $5 to $10 in No vember may be purchased now for about $3. Head of Breeding Flock, in purchasing cockerels one should Insist that an exact pedigree be given on delivery of the bird, says O. W. Harvey of the University of Missouri college of agriculture. It is believed that the male bird is more important than the female in transmitting the character of high egg production. Not all male birds transmit the character. Ordinarily, a hen which lays 30 eggs or more during the winter season of November, December, ? January and February, will lay approximately 200 eggs a year. Of course, some environ mental factor, such as a late spring, which .ve have been having this year, may affect the summer laying cycle, and thus reduce the production of the hen to a figure below 200, even though the winter cycle has been 30 eggs or more. The fact remains, neverthe less that with our present knowledge of breeding poultry for egg production cockerels from hens that have exhib ited this 30-egg production during the, winter laying cycle are the ones to buy to head the breeding flock. Secure Trapnest Record. It is but a small proportion of the flock that lays 200 eggs or more dur ing the year. The day of the 200-egg flock has not yet been attained. Poul trymen must not be misled by adver tisements that have been appearing In the poultry papers by large fanciers offering birds for sale which have ex ceptional fancy points and at the same time are claimed to be from a 200-egg High Producing White Leghorns. .it??-' strain. A flock average of 150 to 1G0 eggs a year is excellent production. Of course there are exceptional indi viduals in every flock. Approximate ly ten per cent of the White Leghorn pullets on the University of Missouri poultry farm show a trapnest record of more than 200 eggs a year. It is this small proportion of the flock that Is used in pedigree breeding. Cocker els from this selected number are the ones that are believed to transmit the character of high egg production. If the fanner buys a cockerel without se curing a trapnest record of its moth er's pullet-year production he has j DO means whatever of knowing wheth or the bird can transmit the ability for a 30-egg production during the winter season, In other words, 200 egg daughters, or whether he will transmit an ability for producing no eggs at all during the wLuter season when eggs are highest in price. A trapnest record which shows that the mother of the cockerel has laid 30 eggs from November to March inclu sive should always be insisted upon when purchasing new mi.'le birds for breeding. To buy on any other basis is a very uncertain procedure, and the chances are less than half for in creasing, even in a small degree, the ; general flock average. SOME ESSENTIALS FOR PIGS Important That Porkers Be Provided With Shade, Fresh Water and !*. Abundant Pasture. This is the season of the year when pigs should have lots of good water, shade and pasture, says R. W. Clark, of the Colorado Agricultural College. The farmer who does not provide these things need not blame the pack ers next fall when he sells his pork ers. The way some farmers handle their pigs during the growing season they would need a dollar a pound to break even. A lltt?e grain along with pasture will secure good results and it should be provided by all means. ---. ? BETTER j i HIGHWAYS J 4 ? WAR "T. N. T." AIDS HIGHWAYS High Explosive Allotted Bureau of Public Roads for Use in Road Construction. Trinitrotoluene is its proper scien tific name, but the human tongue has Its limitations, and so this much talked-of explosive is generally known by its abbreviation, "T. N. T." It ls a pale yellow crystalline substance much used in the late war to furnish the explosive element for shells, bombs, and tlie depth bombs, which did so much to check the submarine activ ities. The sudden collapse of the German resistance found the United States government with a large supply of T. Surfaced Shell Road in Eastern Texas. N. T. on hand which lt was not advis able to store. The bureau of mines demonstrated by experiment that this T. N. T. could be used for industrial purposes, and allotments from the war department's stock were assigned to the department of the interior lor use In the reclamation service, national parks service, Indian service, Alaskan engineering commission, and to the de partment of agriculture for use In road construction work supervised by the bureau of public roads. The value of T. N. T. in road-build ing operations has been fully demon strated, and the bureau of public roads has published a circular to describe Its characteristics, and to furnish direc tions for use of the explosive In place of dynamite for blasting, ditch digging and rock breaking. As a general rule, T. N. T. may be used for any purpose to which dynamite may be put It is safe to handle; does not cause ''dy namite headaches" as readily as the commercial explosive, and is a trifle more powerful than low-percentage dy namite. JOHNSON LAUDS GOOD ROADS California Statesman Says Improved Highways Have Helped to De velop His State. Senator Hiram Johnson of Califor nia, In speaking of the necessity of Improved highways In the United States recently said: "We have had a great object les son of the value of good roads in the paved highways of my own state California. Tliey have been a great factor In the development of the state, opening up regions which hitherto were inaccessible and adding to the prosperity of all. The Improvement of the nation's highways will be of great economic value to the country as a whole, relieving the congestion which now exists on other transporta tion facilities and making distribution of the nation's commodities easier and cheaper. The good roads movement meets with my warmest approval." BIG PROGRAM IN MINNESOTA Construction Plans Call for Expendi ture of $11,127,986-Trucks Sold to Farmers, Minnesota has a road building pro gram calling for the expenditure of $11,127,986. As an Illustration of what the farmers of that state think of the motortruck a statement recent ly issued by a bank in Minneapolis might be cited, in which lt Is said that "trucks in large numbers, intended for Immediate use In marketing grains, are being sold to farmers." Elevator scales in many places are being remod eled to accommodate the growing fleet of farmers' trucks. BONDS FOR IMPROVED ROADS Districts, Counties and States Making Big Appropriation for Better High way Systems. Bonds running high Into millions of dollars are; being Issued by districts, counties and states for the making of better roads. The national government ls aiding by appropriating money also, based on the amounts raised' by the states. ^ Much Interest Manifested. The widespread interest manifested lu better roads ls shown by com parison of previous totals with those of 1918, when $800,000,000 was spent for road construction throughout the country. Roads Are Necessity. Passable roads are an actual neces sity and every progressive communi ty recognizes this fact, arid ls Improv ing or *:ill later Improve every road over w hich lhere Is any considerable travel. t HIGH-CLASS HORSES NEEDED No Provision Made for Future by) Many Farmers Who Are Using Up Their Work Stock. The thing most needed In the pro duction of work horses for American farms Is greater care in the selection of the stallion and the brood mare, say animal husbandry experts of the United States department of agricul ture, who have been studying the pres ent situation with respect to horses. Not only was there a net decrease of approximately 373.000 In the number of horses on farms on January 1. com pared with a year aso, but the experts are of the opinion that there has been an even more marked decrease in the number of mares bred during 1919. The extent of this decrease cannot be accurately determined until the colt crop of 1920 is estimated. However. If the decline in breeding Is ns great as conditions now indicate, the couh General Gates, a Morgan Stallion In Use at the Morgan Farm, Middle* bury, Vt try will be confronted with a seriously depleted supply of good horses within the next few years. Many farmers are using up their work stock without making any pro vision for the future. Such a policy is short-sighted and will have serious results, according to department of agriculture representatives. The pres ent need is to increase the percentage of efficient horses by careful selection ot? parents. One of the principal fac tors from which the market is suffer ing is. the breeding of too many low grade work animals. There Is a strong demand for high-class horses, at good prices, the department says. TUBERCULOSIS RAVAGES BIG Information Shows That 59,547 Car casses of Cattle Were Condemned on Inspection. Tuberculosis was responsible for the condemnation of more cattle, slaugh tered under federal meat Inspection last year, than all other diseases com bined. Information from the bureau of animal industry. United States de partment of agriculture, shows thaf 59.547 carcasses of cattle were con demned on post-morten Inspection and of that number 37,600 were the result of tuberculosis. In addition 53,652 parts of cattle carcasses were con demned for the same cause. The bureau points out that tuber culosis in cattle and hog cholera in swine are the two most serious con tagious diseases affecting meat ani mals, and there is evidence that a heavy loss occurs on farms in addition to condemnations at establishments where government inspection is main tained. The department of agricul ture Is prepared to ffive information on the best methods of reducing the losses. MORE HOGS WERE IMMUNIZED Chief Purpose of Inspection Is to Per mit Reshipment to Farms and Feed Yards. An outstanding feature of federal activities for the control of hog chol era during the last year wus the great Increase in the number of swine Im munized so that they might be dis tributed from public stockyards for purposes other than slaughter. The last report of the bureau of animal industry. United States department of agriculture, gives the number of feed hogs Immunized as 014.673. This Is a large increase over the preceding year. The chief purpose of the in spection and inoculation is to permit reshipment to farms and feeding yards for further growth or fattening without danger to herds In which they are introduced. SHEEP DOGS IN QUARANTINE Examination Showed Many of Im ported Animals Were Infested With Various Parasites. Because of the danger to live stock, especially sheep, of the gld tapeworm, imported sheep dogs are subjected to federal quarantine. Sheep dogs have been found to harbor that parasite. During the last fiscal year representa tives of the United Sf::tes department of agriculture examined 131 imported 6heep dogs for the presence of para ntes transmitted to live stock, and 09 were found to be infested with parasites of varions kinds. Twenty two showed the presence of tape worms, ^ud one of the tapeworms ex pelled by treatment proved to be 'of the daugaroua gid variety. Those Long Winter Evenings keep your home warm and cosy with a L mk ? HOT BLAST HEATER 7*HE health of your family depends upon properly heated rooms-warm floors. The maximum radiation, low base heat, air tight construction, and Hot Blast Combustion insure even temperature in all parts of the room at all times. And besides, Cole's Original Hot Blast Heater is guaranteed to consume one-third less fuel than any underdraft stove on the market-guaranteed to hold fire for thirty six hours. Let us shout you yours today. ra STEWART & KERNAGHAN, Edgefield, S. C. AUTUMN IS CLEARING TIME FOR FARM LAND Convert All Waste Places Into Revenue Producers. Goats, Sheep or Oattle Are Favored In Order Named for Keeping Down Sprout Growth-Methods for Removing Stumps. The fair-weather days of the autumn afford the farmer an opportunity to undertake the clearing of land for which he has no time In the -busy summer months, and which can not be done while the land is wet in the spring. On thousands of farms there are cut-over tracts which should be converted into revenue producers as soon as possible. If 'he owner de cides that the lund in question is bet ter suited to crop production thnn to forest growth, a careful study of the most economical method of removing stumps and small growth should be made. Most cut-over land passes through tliroe stages before reaching its .greatest agricultural value. The waste and small growth Is disposed of first, then it is allowed to remain In stumps for a few seasons, until the smaller stumps are dead and decayed, during which time It Is used for pas ture or moy be cultivated. Finally, all the stumps are removed. Generally lt ls best to cut brush as close as possible to the ground and avoid leaving sharp points that might injure stock. However, if the wood, is of no value and the ground is not to be cultivated before the stumps are removed, It mny be best to cut the trees rather high above the ground. If the stumps are left three feet high there will be less sprouting than if cut low down, and such stumps are more easily pulled. The most successful method of keep ing down sprout growth is by heavy pasturing by goats, sheep, or cattle, In the order named. Any sprouts not killed by pasturing should be cut or knocked oft* with the head of an ax. There are a great-variety of meth ods ssed In removing stumps, by means of burning, pullers and dyna mite. Farmers' Bulletin 974. "Clearing Land," prepared' by the United States department of agriculture, contains in formation designed especially for per sons Interested in this subject A copy can be had on request. A Grateful Letter. It is in trying conditions like that related below by Mrs. Geo. L. North of Naples, N. Y. that proves the worth of Chamberlain's Colic and Diarrhoea Remedy. "Two years ago last summer" she says "our little boy had dysentary. At that time we were living in the country eight miles from a doctor. Our son was taken ill suddenly and was about the sickest child I ever saw. He was in terrible pain all the time and passed from one convulsion into another. I sent my husband for the doctor and after he was gone thought of a bottle of Chamberlain's Colic and Diarrhoea Remedy in the cupboard. I gave him some of it and he began to impruve at once. By the tme the doctor arri ved he was out of danger." Attention! Oil Mills and Ginneries Do not forget that we carry a large stock of Injectors, Oil Caps, Lubricators. Also two or three high grades of Rubber Belt, Leather Belt and Genuine Gandy Belt; Pipe, Valves, Fittings, Packing and Boiler Tubes. Columbia Supply Company 823 West Gervais St., Columbia, S. C. BARRETT & COMPANY (INCORPORATED) COTTON FACTORS Augusta.Georgia ).< I >:< : > < : ) < I ) < Z fi I ti I M . M I'M IM SIM I M.; HIM Notice to Builders We have Beaver Board, Beaver Board Strips, Sash, Doors, Blind?, Ceiling, Siding, Flooring Mantels, Store Fixtures and all kinds of high-class mill work. Designing and estimates carefully furnished. Just received large shipment of Red Cedar Shingles, 100 per cent rift. Yours for Prompt Service Wright Sash, Door & Lumber Co. JOHNSTON, S. C.