Newspaper Page Text
Quality of Feed Does Not Ma
terially Influence Richness
of Milk.
A reader writes: "I can get much
richer milk using cottonseed meal to
supply protein."
Another asks: "Can the quality of
my .cow's milk be improved by any
thing^ can do?. It is of very poor
quality."
The popular belief that the rich
ness of a cow's milk, or the per ce?nt
or proportion of butter fat which it
-contains can be increased by feeding,
persists in spite of all that has been
said and all the evidence that exists
to show that the feed does not ma
terially and permanently increase the
richness of the milk or the per cent
of butter fat it contains. The richness
of the milk or the per cent of butter
fat is an individual, a breed, and an
inherited characteristic of the cow
and the feed does not materially af
fect it.
The feed very materially affects
the quantity of milk and consequent
ly- the total amount of butter fat'
produced in a given time, but the
cow that gives milk containing 3 per
cent of butter fat, for instance, can
not be made to give milk containing
4 per cent of butter fat by merely
changing or increasing the feed.
The per cent of butter fat or the
richness of the milk varies slightly
and for short intervals, or from one
milking to the next, or for a few
days may vary a great deal; but
changing the feed does not change
the per cent of butter fat one month
very greatly from that of another
month, nor of one year from that of
another. With individual cows the less
milk given the richer in butter fat,
as a rule; but the per cent of butter
fat varies little from year to year,
although it may be slightly less with
advancing years. The variations from
day to day are constant and consid
erable, but not due to changes in the
kinds and amounts of feed.
Many do not believe this, but it
is a fact well proved just the same.
One cannot tell how rich milk is
from looking at it and the failure to
get much butter or cream from a i
given cow's ' milk is often due to :
faulty handling. An abundance of :
* rich feed will increase the amount of
milk and consequently the total
amount of butter, but the per cent of :
butter fat or the richness of the milk
is likely to decrease as the quantity :
increases.-Progressive Farmer.
Confining Hen in Coop Re
duces Loss of Chicks.
Chicks hatched during the winter ?
months should be brooded in a poul
try house or shed while the outside
weather conditions are unfavorable; ;
after the weather becomes settled J
they should be reared in brood coops
out of doors. It is best to make brood !
coops so that they can be closed at '
night, to keep out cats, rats, and oth- 1
er animals, and enough ventilation 1
should be allowed so that the hen and :
chicks will have plenty of fresh air. 1
The hen should be confined in the
coop until the chicks are weaned,
while the chicks are allowed range
after they are a few days old. Where '
hens are allowed free range and have
to forage for feed for themselves and
chicks, they often take the latter
through wet grass, where they may .
become chilled and die. Most of the
feed the chicks get by foraging goes
to keep up the heat of the body,
whereas feed eaten by those that are
with the hen that is confined produces
more rapid growth, as the chicks do
not have so much exercise.
In most broods there are one or.
two chicks that are weaker than the
others, and if the hen is allowed free
range the weaker ones often get be
hind and out of hearing of the moth
er's cluck and call. In most cases
this results in the loss and death of
these chicks, due to becoming chilled.
If the hen is confined, the weaklings
can always find shelter and heat un
der her, and after a few days may de
velop into strong, healthy chicks.
The loss in young chicks due to al
lowing the hen free range is undoubt
edly large, say poultry specialists in
the United States Department of
Agriculture. Chicks frequently have
to be caught and put into their coops
during sudden storms, as they are apt
to huddle in some hole or corner
where they get chilled and drowned.
They must be kept growing constant
ly if the best results are to be ob
tained, as they never entirely recover
from checks in their growth, even
for a short perioct. Hens are usually
left with their chicks as long as they
will brood them, although some hens
commence to lay. before the chicks
are weaned.
Did you know that nearly all
makes of tires and tubes are off 20
per cent? Come in and look over
our stock. Wa handle Goodyear,
Fisk and United States, is there are
any better we will handle them.
YONCE & MOONEY.
4,000 Germans Kept Busy
Printing Only Raper
"Marks."
Berlin, May 21.-Germany has ap
proximately 4,000 persons employed
in "making money." I do not mean
this in the usual accepted sense of
that term but literally.
L That is the staff of the German
"money press" which turns out the
bales of 10, 20, 50, 100, 1,000-mark
certificates or bills, not to mention
the smaller one and two- mark paper
slips.
Silver coins have been withdrawn
and are no longer legal tender. The
metal nioney cofisists of iron, alumi
num, and in Saxony there is some
made out of porcelain.
An idea of how the "paper money
industry" has grown in Germany may
be gathered from the following fig
ures. In 1910 the Germ?n govern
ment printing office, including the en
graving and money printing depart
ments, employed 2,321 persons. In
1915, 2,910; in 1917, 5,832, in 1919,
8,583, and at the end of October,
1920, there were 9,771 employes, an
increase of more than 400 per cent
in ten years. At present the figure
has passed the 10,000 mark.
In the making and printing of pa
per' money there are alone approxi
mately 4,000 employed at present, or
almost double the number that the
entire printing office, including the
postage and tax stamp departments
and all other government printing,
employed in 1910.
A million marks in one thousand
mark bills weighs four pounds. It is
figured out that were Germany to
pay the 20,000,000,000 gold marks
in paper marks at the present vaule
it would require 240,000,000,000 pa
per marks, which would weigh some
thing more than 430 tons.
It requires astronomical calcula
tions to figure out what the 226,000,
000,000 gold marks' reparation de
manded would be in paper marks at
the present rate of approximately 15
paper marks for one gold mark.
Salt For Dairy Cows.
A reader asks: "How much salt
does a dairy cow need? I have seen
it stated by the advertiser of a ready
mixed feed that it contained 1 per
cent of salt. Is this enough salt?"v
The average dairy cow, according
to Washburn, requires about an
ounce of salt a day. Heavy milkers
need more salt than those producing
less and a large cow probably more
than a small one.
It has been found that steers on
full feed when allowed to take what
salt they wish will consume something
less than'an ounce a day per 1000
pounds live weight; the average be
ing something like % of an ounce
per day. If a cow gets 100 ounces
(6*,4 pounds) of a feed containing 1
per cent of salt she will get 1 ounce
of salt. If the average cow gets more
that 6% pounds of such a feed per
day she will probably get a little
more salt than she needs, but this
small excess will do no harm. A large
heavy milking cow might get more
than 6 hi pounds of the feed per day,
but such a cow will need more than
an ounce of :alt a day.
We would state that 1 per cent of
salt is enough in a mixed feed, but
probably not too much.
The real question is, should salt
be put in a ready mixed feed, or mix
ed with the feed at any time?
Some claim that the salt increases
the palatability of .the feed and for ,
that reason should be mixed with it,
but the proper amount of salt can
not be put in the feed unless the ,
amount that is going to be fed is .
known. For this reason we believe the
better method of giving salt to cows
is to keep it before them all the time,
so they may taoke what they mant.
In this way they are not likely to get
too much. )
Some advise giving salt to dairyj
cows r?ther freely because it will'
cause them to drink more water, j
which is thought to tend to larger
milk production. This is probably an
error. Both salt and water should be
where the cows can get as much as ,
they want without any trouble. Too
much salt may easily become in
jurious.
If we assume that a 1000-pound
cow requires % of an ounce of salt
a day and a half an ounce extra for
each 20 pounds of milk produced,
then a cow weighing 1000 pounds and
giving 20 pounds of milk would re
quire IV*, ounces per day, and if she
gave 40 pounds of milk a day she
would require 1% ounces a day. We
may therefore, conclude that a dairy
cow should have from 1 to 2 ounces
of salt a day according to the amount
of milk she gives. This may be put
in the feed each day if care is taken
to give the correct amount regularly,
but a better plan is to put the salt
where the cow can help, herself to
what she wants.-Progressive Farmer
WANTED: 2 young hogs weigh
ing 80 to 100 pounds, market price.
Apply at The Advertiser Office.
J
Aa in the greatest cities so in
his otm home town-the U. S.
Tire user gets fresh, ?ive tires
of current production. "
THE U. S. CHAIN TREAD
One of the few tires of which it may
be said that they deliver economy
year in and year out and tire after tire.
The U. S. Chain Tread gives
sufficient traction on all ordinary
road surfaces. It is probably the
handsomest, and by all odds the
most popular, of the whole U. S.
Fabric Tire line.
"in every section, however
renae, you find a dealer ia
frejh, ?ive U. S. Tires."
Economy rides on
IF you could get together all the car
owners you know, you'd probably
rind that their tire experiences had been
much the same.
Most of them have taken their fling
at "job lots," "discontinued lines" and
"surplus stocks." Soon or late, nearly
all settled back on quality first as the
one sound assurance of tire value.
* * *
As soon as a man forgets the cut
price tag, and comes to the dealer who
concentrates on a full, completely
sized stock of U. S. Tires-he learns
what it means to get fresh, live tires
-not once in a while but every time.
Not mej?ely in the big cities, but in
his own home town.
Not merely for the heavy car, but for
the medium and light-weight car-a
full selection of size, tread and type.'
* * *
Your U. S. Tire dealer can give your
this service because of the service he
gets from his neighboring U. S. Factory
Branch. There are 92 of these Branches.
Each gets its share of U. S. Tires; so
that the dealer is always supplied with
fresh, live stock.
U. S. Tires sell as fast as they are made.
There is no over production. No sur
plus piled up waiting for a "market"
Wherever you buy a U. S. Tire
you buy a tire of current production,
as full of life and value as the day it
left the makers.
United States ft Robber
YONCE & MOONEY
Edge?eld, S. C.
V. E. EDWARDS &* BRO.
Johnston, S. C.
Railroads Must Reduce Theil
Expenses.
Washington, May 22.-Railroad:
must make sharp reductions in thei:
operating expenses if their credit an<
financial stability are to be re-estab
lished, a committee of the chamber o4.
commerce, of the United States
which made a survey of the trans
portation question, declared tonighl
in a statement.
Necessity of practicing strict econ
omy was urged, the committee point
ing out that "readjustment of salaries
and wages is in progress in all othei
industries, and it is to be assumed
that railroad wages will in the future,
as they have in the past, bear,an equi
table relationship to wages paid in
other activities."
The committee was of the opinion
that the grouping or consolidation of
railroads must ultimately be accom
plished. It also declared that federal
incorporation of railroads was highly
desirable.
No additional legislation on the rail
road question, however, was needed
at this time, the statement said, as it
was advisable to have further experi
ence with the transportation act ber
fore attempting to modify it.
The committee stated it had come
to the conclusion that "even with in
creased traffic that will come with
the gradual return of business pros
perity, the business of railroad trans
portation cannot be restored to a
profitable basis until the present high
operating expenses are cut down."
"It is recognized by the railroads,"
the committee.report continued, "that
rates and fares cannot be increased."
Stressing the need ^for more eco
nomic methods of operation, the com
mittee said the first step toward the
accomplishment of economics should
be further co-operation among the
carriers in the performance of their
services. In terminal organization
and management, the report stated,
the co-operation of the carriers was
especially urgent.
"Whatever economics may be ef
fected by charges in operating meth
ods," it was stated, "there inevitably
must be a reduction in the percent
age which salaries and wages com
prise of the total operating revenue.
The payroll of the railroads in 1917
amounted to $1,700,000,000 or
about 45 per cent of the operating
revenue. In 1920 the payroll had
more than doubled, having risen to
$3,750,000,000, which, was aboout 60
per cent of the operating revenue.
"The committee assumes that
every effort will be made by the car
riers to maintain equitable scales of
wages for different classes of employ
ment. While wages must be reduced,
no class of labor should bear an in
equitable share of the burden of the
rehabilitation period and all should
render a full eight hours' service for
eight hours' pay.
Candidate for Cotton Weigher.
I respectfully announce that I am
a candidate for re-election to the of
fice of public cotton weigher for the
town of Edgefield. I have served on
ly one term and the experience I
have gained will enable me to ren
der more efficient service in the fu
ture. If elected for a second term, I
pledge the same faithful and impar
tial service that I have rendered in
the past.
W. G. Byrd.
0R.KIRG'arraEMr i0HSC?VO.,i
Wii, Surely Stop Faai Cout?*
: ? .;. / ;......
OU MAKE
UT WHAT
OU SAVE
THAT
COUNTS
Coorricht 1909, br C. ?. Zimmerau Co. ?No. 66
EVERY DOLLAR that you spend foolishly, every proportion
ate amount of money that you earn that it would be possible to
save and do not, is only money that you have to work for again.
On the other hand every dollar you put in the bank is money
that is going to constantly work for you. Which is the best;
money always working for you, or you always working for
your money. Come in and start that bank account Don't put'it
off another day.
BANK OF EDGEFIELD
OFFICERS: J. C. Sheppard, President; A. S. Tompkins, Vice-President;:
E. J. Mims, Cashier; J. H. Allen, Assistant Cashier.
DIRECTORS: J. C. Sheppard, Thos. H. Rainsford, John R?insforcL:
M. C. Parker, A. S. Tompkins, J. G. Holland, E. J. Mims, J. H. Allen.
